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Mathew A, Bhagavaldas MC, Biswas R, Biswas L. Genetic risk factors in ankylosing spondylitis: Insights into etiology and disease pathogenesis. Int J Rheum Dis 2024; 27:e15023. [PMID: 38151980 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.15023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashlin Mathew
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India
| | | | - Raja Biswas
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India
| | - Lalitha Biswas
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India
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Zou YC, Wang ZJ, Shao LC, Xia ZH, Lan YF, Yu ZH, Yao JY, Luo ZR. DNA methylation of DKK-1 may correlate with pathological bone formation in ankylosing spondylitis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e911. [PMID: 37506134 PMCID: PMC10326833 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate DNA methylation (DNAm) status of dickkopf-associated protein 1 (DKK-1) in ossified hip capsule synovium and serum among patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS Western blot was applied to detect the level of DKK-1 protein expression in hip joint capsule tissues from four patients with AS as well as four patients with femoral neck fracture (FNF) caused by trauma as control. DKK-1 gene promoter methylation (GPM) was examined by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to examine the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of DKK-1, β-catenin, and Wnt3a in both tissue and serum. The DNAm status of serum DKK-1 was measured among 36 patients with AS and syndesmophytes (AS + syndesmophytes group), 40 patients with AS but no syndesmophyte (AS group), and 42 healthy individuals (control group). Also, the serum levels of DKK-1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The modified New York criteria (mNYC) together with the modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score (mSASSS) were adopted to examine the radiographic progression of AS. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to investigate the diagnostic value of the methylation rate of DKK-1 with regard to radiographic progression. RESULTS The expressions of DKK-1 protein and mRNA in hip joint capsule tissues of AS patients were significantly lower, while DKK-1 GPM rate, β-catenin mRNA, and Wnt3a mRNA were markedly higher when compared with FNF group. For serum samples, the DKK-1 methylation rate was significantly higher in AS+ syndesmophytes group in contrast to AS group and healthy controls. Serum levels of DKK-1 protein and mRNA in AS with syndesmophytes group were markedly decreased, while β-catenin mRNA and Wnt3a mRNA expressions were significantly increased than AS with no syndesmophyte group and the healthy control group. AS patients in Grade 4 showed a significantly higher serum DKK-1 GPM rate than those in Grade 3 based on mNYC. Serum DKK-1 GPM level was markedly and positively correlated with mSASSS. Serum levels of DKK-1 in AS+ syndesmophytes group were markedly lower compared with AS but no syndesmophyte group and healthy controls. ROC curve analysis indicated that serum DKK-1 methylation rate serves as a decent indicator for AS radiographic progression. CONCLUSION DNAm of DKK-1 may correlate with pathological bone formation in AS, which may provide new strategies for the treatment of AS abnormal bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cong Zou
- Department of Rehabilitation, The 5th People's Hospital of Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
- Deaprtment of Rehabilitation, The 5th Affiliated Hospital of Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The 5th People's Hospital of Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li-Cheng Shao
- Department of Internal Medicine, The 5th People's Hospital of Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Xia
- Department of Internal Medicine, The 5th People's Hospital of Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi-Feng Lan
- Department of Radiology, The 5th People's Hospital of Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Yu
- Department of Laboratory medicine, The 5th People's Hospital of Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jia-Yu Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, The 5th People's Hospital of Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zi-Rui Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation, The 5th People's Hospital of Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
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Nejadhosseinian M, Haerian H, Shirkoohi R, Karami J, Mortazavi SMJ. Evaluation of CX3CR1 gene DNA methylation in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:436. [PMID: 36175906 PMCID: PMC9523927 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03324-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a musculoskeletal disorder. Genetic and epigenetic changes in C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) may lead to disturbance in chondrocyte development and change the labrum dimensions, which indirectly result in hip joint instability. Considering the important role of this gene in cell migration, cell adhesion and bone and cartilage development, we aimed to evaluate the CX3CR1 gene methylation in DDH pathogenesis. METHODS Our study comprised of forty-five DDH patients and forty-five healthy control subjects with healthy femoral neck cartilage. The healthy controls had total or hemiarthroplasty for the femoral neck fracture. Samples were collected from the femoral head (cartilage) of DDH patients and healthy controls. Genomic DNA was obtained from the samples, and DNA methylation of CX3CR1 gene was analyzed via metabisulfite method. RESULTS Methylation analysis reveals no significant differences in promoter of CX3CR1 gene in cartilage samples from DDH patients and healthy control subjects (P = 0.33). CONCLUSION Methylation status of CX3CR1 gene showed no significant difference between the patient and control groups. Our results indicate that DNA methylation may not modulate this gene in this disease and other epigenetic mechanisms such as non-coding RNAs and histone modifications could be implicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nejadhosseinian
- Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoda Haerian
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Shirkoohi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cancer institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Karami
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran. .,Department of Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi
- Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Chen Y, Wu Y, Yang H, Wang J, Kong J, Yu L, Ni M, Deng Y, Xu S, Yu H, Shuai Z, Pan F. DNA Methylation and mRNA Expression of B7-H3 Gene in Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Case-Control Study. Immunol Invest 2022; 51:2025-2034. [PMID: 35786112 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2022.2095285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common inflammatory arthritis, with a high prevalence in patients in their mid-20s. Its pathogenesis is not well understood; however, genetic factors likely play a critical role. Epigenetic DNA changes may be involved in the pathogenesis of AS. In this study, we explored the methylation and transcription levels of the B7-H3 gene and its association with AS in an eastern Chinese Han population. METHODS Peripheral blood of AS patients and healthy controls was used to extract genomic DNA and B7-H3 methylation levels were analyzed using sodium bisulfite followed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. SPSS software was used to determine the statistical significance of the results. RESULTS Hypomethylation of the promoter of the B7-H3 gene was observed in AS patients, whereas the B7-H3 gene expression was significantly enhanced in AS patients. CONCLUSION Epigenetic modifications of B7-H3 were associated with susceptibility to AS. Hypomethylation of the B7-H3 promoter, which leads to B7-H3 overexpression, may be involved in the pathogenesis of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ye Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jinian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiangping Kong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lingxiang Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Man Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yujie Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shengqian Xu
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunity, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuyang People's Hospital, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Zongwen Shuai
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunity, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Faming Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Xu S, Zhang X, Wang X, Xie H, Wang F, Zhou T, Yu L, Xu S, Pan F. DNA methylation and transcription of the FOXO3a gene are associated with ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Exp Med 2022; 23:483-493. [PMID: 35511319 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00831-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To explore the association between methylation level and transcript level of Forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) gene with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) susceptibility. Methylation levels of the FOXO3a promoter were measured in 84 AS patients and 83 healthy controls. A total of 77 patients and 66 healthy subjects were included in subsequent mRNA level testing. DNA methylation levels of 107 CpG sites on 6 CpG islands in the FOXO3a gene were investigated. This study indicated that CpG-4 and CpG-5 islands were markedly hypomethylated in AS patients. The methylation level of CpG-4 island in AS patients was negatively correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS). Moreover, FOXO3a mRNA levels were significantly decreased in AS patients and were obviously negatively correlated with the methylation levels of CpG-2 and CpG-5 islands in AS patients without treatment. The sensitivity and specificity of differential methylated CpG sites of FOXO3a were 74.7 and 85.4%, respectively. Besides, FOXO3a mRNA had a sensitivity of 80.0% and a specificity of 68.8%. DNA methylation and transcription of FOXO3a might be related to AS susceptibility and play a crucial role in the diagnosis of AS, but many open questions remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xinqi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Huimin Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Feier Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Lingxiang Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shengqian Xu
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunity, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Faming Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Liao HT, Tsai CY, Lai CC, Hsieh SC, Sun YS, Li KJ, Shen CY, Wu CH, Lu CH, Kuo YM, Li TH, Chou CT, Yu CL. The Potential Role of Genetics, Environmental Factors, and Gut Dysbiosis in the Aberrant Non-Coding RNA Expression to Mediate Inflammation and Osteoclastogenic/Osteogenic Differentiation in Ankylosing Spondylitis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:748063. [PMID: 35127698 PMCID: PMC8811359 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.748063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) or radiographic axial spondyloarthritis is a chronic immune-mediated rheumatic disorder characterized by the inflammation in the axial skeleton, peripheral joints, and soft tissues (enthesis, fascia, and ligament). In addition, the extra-skeletal complications including anterior uveitis, interstitial lung diseases and aortitis are found. The pathogenesis of AS implicates an intricate interaction among HLA (HLA-B27) and non-HLA loci [endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1), and interleukin-23 receptor (IL23R), gut dysbiosis, immune plasticity, and numerous environmental factors (infections, heavy metals, stress, cigarette smoking, etc.) The latter multiple non-genetic factors may exert a powerful stress on epigenetic regulations. These epigenetic regulations of gene expression contain DNA methylation/demethylation, histone modifications and aberrant non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) expression, leading to inflammation and immune dysfunctions. In the present review, we shall discuss these contributory factors that are involved in AS pathogenesis, especially the aberrant ncRNA expression and its effects on the proinflammatory cytokine productions (TNF-α, IL-17 and IL-23), T cell skewing to Th1/Th17, and osteoclastogenic/osteogenic differentiation. Finally, some potential investigatory approaches are raised for solving the puzzles in AS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Tzung Liao
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Youh Tsai
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chang-Youh Tsai, ; Chia-Li Yu,
| | - Chien-Chih Lai
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Song-Chou Hsieh
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Syuan Sun
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Jen Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Yu Shen
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Han Wu
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsun Lu
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Kuo
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Li
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Taipei, Taiwan
- Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Tei Chou
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Li Yu
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chang-Youh Tsai, ; Chia-Li Yu,
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Xiao M, Zheng X, Li X, Wu X, Huang Y, Wei Q, Cao S, Gu J. Integrative blood-derived epigenetic and transcriptomic analysis reveals the potential regulatory role of DNA methylation in ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:15. [PMID: 34986893 PMCID: PMC8728943 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02697-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The currently known risk loci could explain a small proportion of the heritability of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Epigenetics might account for the missing heritability. We aimed to seek more novel AS-associated DNA methylation alterations and delineate the regulatory effect of DNA methylation and gene expression with integrated analysis of methylome and transcriptome. Methods Epigenome-wide DNA methylation and mRNA expression were profiled in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 45 individuals (AS: health controls (HCs) = 30:15) with high-throughput array. The methylome was validated in an independent cohort (AS: HCs = 12:12). Pearson correlation analysis and causal inference tests (CIT) were conducted to determine potentially causative regulatory effects of methylation on mRNA expression. Results A total of 4794 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) were identified associated with AS, 2526 DMPs of which were validated in an independent cohort. Both cohorts highlighted T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and Th17 differentiation pathways. Besides, AS patients manifested increased DNA methylation variability. The methylation levels of 158 DMPs were correlated with the mRNA expression levels of 112 genes, which formed interconnected network concentrated on Th17 cell differentiation and TCR signaling pathway (LCK, FYN, CD3G, TCF7, ZAP70, CXCL12, and PLCG1). We also identified several cis-acting DNA methylation and gene expression changes associated with AS risk, which might regulate the cellular mechanisms underlying AS. Conclusions Our studies outlined the landscapes of epi-signatures of AS and several methylation-gene expression-AS regulatory axis and highlighted the Th17 cell differentiation and TCR signaling pathway, which might provide innovative molecular targets for therapeutic interventions for AS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-021-02697-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuqi Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yefei Huang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiujing Wei
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangyan Cao
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieruo Gu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Harjacek M. Immunopathophysiology of Juvenile Spondyloarthritis (jSpA): The "Out of the Box" View on Epigenetics, Neuroendocrine Pathways and Role of the Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF). Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:700982. [PMID: 34692718 PMCID: PMC8526544 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.700982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Juvenile spondyloarthritis (jSpA) is a an umbrella term for heterogeneous group of related seronegative inflammatory disorders sharing common symptoms. Although it mainly affects children and adolescents, it often remains active during adulthood. Genetic and environmental factors are involved in its occurrence, although the exact underlying immunopathophysiology remains incompletely elucidated. Accumulated evidence suggests that, in affected patients, subclinical gut inflammation caused by intestinal dysbiosis, is pivotal to the future development of synovial-entheseal complex inflammation. While the predominant role of IL17/23 axis, TNF-α, and IL-7 in the pathophysiology of SpA, including jSpA, is firmly established, the role of the cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is generally overlooked. The purpose of this review is to discuss and emphasize the role of epigenetics, neuroendocrine pathways and the hypothalamic-pituitary (HPA) axis, and to propose a novel hypothesis of the role of decreased NLRP3 gene expression and possibly MIF in the early phases of jSpA development. The decreased NLRP3 gene expression in the latter, due to hypomethylation of promotor site, is (one of) the cause for inflammasome malfunction leading to gut dysbiosis observed in patients with early jSpA. In addition, we highlight the role of MIF in the complex innate, adaptive cellular and main effector cytokine network, Finally, since treatment of advanced bone pathology in SpA remains an unmet clinical need, I suggest possible new drug targets with the aim to ultimately improve treatment efficacy and long-term outcome of jSpA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Harjacek
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Ma Y, Fan D, Xu S, Deng J, Gao X, Guan S, Zhang X, Pan F. Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients Display Aberrant ERAP1 Gene DNA Methylation and Expression. Immunol Invest 2021; 51:1548-1560. [PMID: 34555981 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2021.1982965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) is known to participate in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between promoter methylation and mRNA levels of ERAP1 and AS susceptibility. METHODS DNA methylation levels of 100 AS patients and 100 healthy controls (HCs) were tested using a targeted bisulfite sequencing assay. To verify the results of DNA methylation, mRNA levels of ERAP1 were measured in 20 AS patients and HCs used quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The DNA methylation levels of two CpG islands containing 31 loci in ERAP1 promoter were measured. ERAP1_1 (P< .001) and ERAP1_2 (P< .001) islands were significantly hypermethylated in AS patients compared with HCs. In the verification study, the mRNA levels of ERAP1 were significantly decreased in AS patients. The ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivity, specificity and area under curve were 0.717, 0.737, and 0.779 of differential methylated CpG loci of ERAP1 for AS diagnosis. In AS patients, the methylation levels of EARP1 were associated with family history, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use, X-ray classification, and clinical manifestations. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that the ERAP1 gene is significantly hypermethylated, and mRNA levels of EARP1 decreased, in AS patients. Our findings suggested that the aberrant methylation of ERAP1 promoter may be involved in the pathogenesis of AS and could be considered as a diagnostic tool and therapeutic target of AS.Abbreviations AS: Ankylosing Spondylitis; AUC: Area Under Curve; BASDAI: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index; BASFI: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index; CI: Confidence Interval; CpG: Cytosine-guanine Dinucleotide; CRP: C-reactive Protein; ERAP1: Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase 1; ESR: Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate; EWAS: Epigenome-Wide Association Study; HLA: Human Leukocyte Antigen; OR: Odds Ratio; PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction; ROC: Receiver Operating Characteristic; NSAIDs: Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dazhi Fan
- Foshan Institute of Fetal Medicine, Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jixiang Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xing Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shiyang Guan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Faming Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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10
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Association of methylation level and transcript level in TRAF5 gene with ankylosing spondylitis: a case-control study. Genes Immun 2021; 22:101-107. [PMID: 34021268 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-021-00135-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
To explore the association between methylation level and transcript level of TNF receptor-associated factor 5 (TRAF5) gene with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in Chinese Han population. Methylation and mRNA expression level of the TRAF5 gene were tested in 98 patients and 98 healthy controls. Among the 21 CpG sites, methylation levels at eight sites were significantly different between AS patients and healthy controls. However, only three sites remained significantly different after the correction by the Benjamini-Hochberg method. Compared with controls, the CpG island of TRAF5 gene promoter was highly methylated in AS patients, and the relative mRNA expression level of TRAF5 was significantly reduced in AS patients. And the mRNA level was negatively correlated with the methylation level of TRAF5 gene in AS patients (rs = -0.453, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses indicated that there was no significant difference in the level of methylation between groups of different status of HLA-B27 and medications in AS patients. Multiple linear regression showed that disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs could reduce methylation levels of AS patients after adjusting for the effects of other drugs. In conclusion, the hypermethylation of the TRAF5 might contribute to the pathogenesis of AS, but many open questions remain.
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11
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Yang H, Chen Y, Xu W, Shao M, Deng J, Xu S, Gao X, Guan S, Wang J, Xu S, Shuai Z, Pan F. Epigenetics of ankylosing spondylitis: Recent developments. Int J Rheum Dis 2021; 24:487-493. [PMID: 33608999 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease which mainly affects the spine, sacroiliac joint and peripheral joints. To date, the exact causes and pathogenesis of AS still remain unknown. It is considered that the pathogenesis of AS is associated with genetic, infection, environment, immunity and other factors. Among them, the role of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of AS has been studied most deeply. However, over the past few years, the function of environmental predisposition and epigenetic modification in the pathogenesis of AS has received extensive attention. This paper summarizes the recent progress in the epigenetics of AS, including abnormal epigenetic modifications at AS-associated genomic loci, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, microRNA, and so on. In summary, the findings of this review attempt to explain the role of epigenetic modification in the occurrence and development of AS. Nevertheless, there are still unknown and complicated aspects worth exploring to deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ming Shao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jixiang Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xing Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shiyang Guan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shengqian Xu
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunity, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zongwen Shuai
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunity, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Faming Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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12
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Ebrazeh M, Ezzatifar F, Torkamandi S, Mohammadi FS, Salimifard S, Gowhari Shabgah A, Hemmatzadeh M, Aslani S, Babaie F, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Mohammadi H. Association of the genetic variants in the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 gene with ankylosing spondylitis susceptibility. Int J Rheum Dis 2021; 24:567-581. [PMID: 33550689 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic polymorphisms in the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase gene ERAP2 has been attributed with the etiopathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Here we assessed the association of ERAP2 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with AS predisposition in Iranian patients and determined their effect on the inflammatory state of the patients. METHODS For genotyping of rs2548538, rs2287988, and rs17408150 SNPs using a real-time allelic discrimination approach, DNA was extracted from the whole blood of 250 AS patients and 250 healthy individuals. RNA of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells was separated, cDNA was synthesized, and transcriptional levels of cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-23, IL-10, and transforming growth factor-β, were measured. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the serum concentration on the cytokines. RESULTS Three ERAP2 gene SNPs were not associated significantly with AS risk. Nonetheless, rs2287988 and rs17408150 SNPs showed statistically significant association with susceptibility to the disease in those AS patients who were positive for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27. Transcriptional level and serum concentration of IL-17A and IL-23 were higher, but those of IL-10 were lower in both AS patients and the HLA-B27-positive patient group relative to the control group. Nevertheless, ERAP2 gene SNPs in the HLA-B27-positive AS patients did not affect the transcription level and serum concentration of cytokines. CONCLUSIONS ERAP2 gene rs2287988 and rs17408150 SNPs are associated with susceptibility to AS, but they are probably not determining the levels of IL-17A, IL-23, and IL-10 in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Ebrazeh
- Department of Biology, Bonab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bonab, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ezzatifar
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shahram Torkamandi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics and Immunology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Medical School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sevda Salimifard
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Babaie
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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13
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Cherqaoui B, Crémazy F, Hue C, Garchon HJ, Breban M, Costantino F. Epigenetics of spondyloarthritis. Joint Bone Spine 2020; 87:565-571. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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14
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He X, Dong Y. Ankylosis progressive homolog upregulation inhibits cell viability and mineralization during fibroblast ossification by regulating the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:4551-4560. [PMID: 33173993 PMCID: PMC7646822 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankylosis progressive homolog (ANKH) is associated with fibroblast ossification in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). As the human ANKH gene is poorly characterized relative to its murine counterpart, the aim of the present study was to examine ANKH expression in ligament tissue isolated from patients with AS and the role played by this gene in AS‑associated fibroblast ossification. Fibroblasts were isolated from ligament tissue collected from patients with AS and ligament tissue from individuals with spinal cord fractures, then cultured. Fibroblasts from patients with AS were subsequently transfected with an ANKH overexpression vector, while those collected from individuals with spinal cord fractures were transfected with small interfering RNA specific for ANKH. Cell viability, apoptosis and mineralization were analyzed using MTT assays, flow cytometry and Alizarin Red staining, respectively. Furthermore, ANKH mRNA and protein expression levels were analyzed using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blotting analysis, respectively. The expression levels of osteogenesis markers, including alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, Runt‑related transcription factor 2, c‑Myc, as well as the β‑catenin signaling protein, were also determined using western blotting. The results of the present study revealed that ANKH protein expression levels were downregulated in AS total ligament tissue extract, compared with spinal fracture ligament. Moreover, the fibroblasts derived from patients with AS exhibited an increased viability and reduced apoptosis rates, compared with the fibroblasts from patients with spinal fracture. Notably, ANKH overexpression inhibited viability, mineralization and ossification, increased the phosphorylation of β‑catenin and downregulated β‑catenin and c‑Myc protein expression levels in fibroblasts from patients with AS. In addition, ANKH overexpression increased the ratio of p‑β‑catenin/β‑catenin in fibroblasts from patients with AS. By contrast, ANKH silencing in fibroblasts from patients with spinal fracture resulted in the opposite effect. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that ANKH may inhibit fibroblast viability, mineralization and ossification, possibly by regulating the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindong He
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The People's Hospital of Xinchang, Xinchang, Zhejiang 312500, P.R. China
| | - Yongqiang Dong
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The People's Hospital of Xinchang, Xinchang, Zhejiang 312500, P.R. China
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15
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Aghaei H, Farhadi E, Akhtari M, Shahba S, Mostafaei S, Jamshidi A, Poursani S, Mahmoudi M, Nicknam MH. Copy number variation of IL17RA gene and its association with the ankylosing spondylitis risk in Iranian patients: a case-control study. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 21:147. [PMID: 32650733 PMCID: PMC7350761 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-01078-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is considered as a subtype of spondyloarthritis (SpA) that mainly leads to fatigue, stiffness, spinal ankylosis, and impaired physical functions with reduced quality of life. Interleukin (IL)-17A provokes additional inflammatory mediators and recruits immune cells to the inflamed site. IL17 expression increased in various inflammatory disorders including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, crohn’s disease, and ankylosing spondylitis. The current study aimed to evaluate the association of IL17RA copy number changes with the susceptibility to AS and their correlation to IL17RA expression in Iranian population. Methods IL17RA copy number genotyping assessments were carried out in 455 AS patients and 450 healthy controls, using custom TaqMan CNV assays. TaqMan primers and probe were located in Chr.22:17109553 based on pre-designed IL17RA Copy Number Assay ID, Hs02339506_cn. mRNA expression of IL17RA was also measured by SYBR Green real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results A IL17RA copy number loss (< 2) was associated with AS compared to 2 copies as reference (OR:2.18, 95% CI: (1.38–3.44), P-value < 0.001) and increased the risk of AS. IL17RA mRNA expression showed a significant increase in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of all AS individuals than controls. The mRNA expression level of 2 copies was significantly higher in AS patients. Conclusions Our findings revealed that a low copy number of IL17RA might confer a susceptibility risk to AS. However, it is probably not directly involved in the regulation of IL17RA mRNA expression. Epigenetic mechanisms like DNA methylation, post-transcriptional, and -translational modifications that regulate the expression of the genes may contribute in upregulation of IL17RA mRNA expression in the loss of gene copy number condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Aghaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Farhadi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Akhtari
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Shahba
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shayan Mostafaei
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Jamshidi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Poursani
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nicknam
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Molecular Immunology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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16
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Liu H, Fu L, He D, Deng J, Zhu J, Xu K, Hu D, Li J, Wang Y, Hu W, Xiao S. RUNX3 Polymorphisms Affect the Risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e919528. [PMID: 32355155 PMCID: PMC7212810 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to assess the potential association of runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) gene variants with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) susceptibility among Chinese Han people. Material/Methods Genotyping for RUNX3 variants was accomplished through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 115 AS patients and 102 healthy controls. Genotypes distributions of the polymorphisms in controls was assessed for their deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). Moreover, odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was achieved using chi-square analysis to evaluate AS risk related to RUNX3 polymorphisms. Additionally, logistic regression analysis produced adjusted OR values. Results Genotypes distribution of rs760805 and rs11249206 polymorphisms conformed to HWE in the control group (P>0.05). TT genotype of rs760805 appeared more frequently among AS cases than in controls (P=0.033), indicating its significant association with increased risk of AS onset (OR=2.309, 95%CI=1.069–4.892). The carriage of T allele in rs760805 also heightened AS incidence, in comparison to A allele (OR=1.578, 95%CI=1.075–2.316, P=0.020). Moreover, the carriage of AT+TT genotype in rs760805 and TT genotype in rs11249206 obviously increased risk of AS onset (OR=2.585, 95%CI=1.062–6.288). Conclusions RUNX3 rs760805 polymorphism can contribute to AS incidence in Chinese Han people. The interaction of the 2 polymorphisms may be a risk factor for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Liu
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Ligong Fu
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Dawei He
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jiuzheng Deng
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jianjin Zhu
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Kai Xu
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Dong Hu
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Songhua Xiao
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (mainland)
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17
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Berlinberg A, Kuhn KA. Molecular Biology Approaches to Understanding Spondyloarthritis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2020; 46:203-211. [PMID: 32340696 DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
New and emerging molecular techniques are expanding understanding of the pathophysiology of spondyloarthritis (SpA). Genome-wide association studies identified novel pathways in antigen processing and presentation as well as helper T cell type 17 (TH17) immunity associated with SpA. Immune cell profiling techniques have supported TH17 immune responses and increasingly are revealing intestinal mucosal immune cells as associated with disease. Emerging technologies in epigenetics, transcriptomics, microbiome, and proteomics/metabolomics are adding to these, refining disease pathways and potentially identifying biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment responses. This review describes many of the new molecular techniques that are being utilized to investigate SpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Berlinberg
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 1775 Aurora Court Mail Stop B115, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 1775 Aurora Court Mail Stop B115, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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18
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Nijhawan P, Behl T. The Role of Endostatin in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rev 2020; 17:68-75. [PMID: 32348230 DOI: 10.2174/1573397115666191127141801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endostatin by its therapeutic value against rheumatoid arthritis has recently gained significant interest in biomedical science. A recent study revealed that various approaches have been made to prevent rheumatoid arthritis by either controlling or inhibiting the progression of angiogenesis. OBJECTIVE The main objective of the current manuscript is to enumerate the intrinsic role of endostatin in rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS A thorough and detailed review of literature from the papers published from the year 1997-2019 was studied for the preparation of the current article. RESULTS Endostatin is one such agent of the subfamily of ECM called as multiplexins obtained from proteolytic cleavage of XVIII and its carboxylic terminal fragments and is known for its antiangiogenic and antiproliferative property. The exact mechanism of endostatin is still unclear, but it acts by downregulating or inhibiting the responses of various factors, including Id1, Id3, matrix metalloproteinase, and Nuclear factor Kappa B that are liable for angiogenesis. The mutual effects on adipogenesis and angiogenesis, endostatin inhibits dietary-induced obesity and its related metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and hepatic steatosis. CONCLUSION The present review demonstrates the intrinsic usage of endostatin as a novel molecule in rheumatoid arthritis. It focuses on the status of the therapeutic potential of endostatin in inhibiting the activity of angiogenesis is also very well explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Nijhawan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
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19
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Shahi A, Afzali S, Salehi S, Aslani S, Mahmoudi M, Jamshidi A, Amirzargar A. IL-27 and autoimmune rheumatologic diseases: The good, the bad, and the ugly. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 84:106538. [PMID: 32361567 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The footprint of cytokines is evident in almost every biological process, such as development, as well as the pathogenesis of the different diseases, immune responses to pathogens, etc. These small proteins are categorized into different functional classes; for instance, they can play a pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory role in different situations, or they can confer a polarization to the immune system. Interleukin (IL)-27 is a member of the IL-12 family. Antigen-presenting cells are the primary source of IL-27 production, which exerts its effects by bindings to the IL-27 receptor expressed on the surface of target cells. Interaction of IL-27 and IL-27 receptor leads to activation of the JAK-STAT and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Most studies focused on the inflammatory effects of this cytokine, but gradually anti-inflammatory effects were also revealed for this cytokine, which changed the traditional perception of the function of this cytokine. The functionality of IL-27 in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases has been attributed to a double-blade sword. Hence, novel therapeutic approaches have been devised targeting IL-12 family that has been accompanied with promising results. In this review, we focused on the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties of IL-27 in different autoimmune rheumatologic diseases and its plausible therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Shahi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Afzali
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Salehi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ahmadreza Jamshidi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Amirzargar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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20
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Ebrazeh M, Nojavan M, Abdi-Shayan S, Salimifard S, Dolatshahi E, Aslani S, Hemmatzadeh M, Babaie F, Ghanavatinejad A, Azizi G, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Zamani N, Mohammadi H. Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms in association with susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis in an Iranian population. Immunol Lett 2020; 223:97-105. [PMID: 32360304 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic autoimmune disease, in which genetic polymorphisms are critically important in establishing inflammatory state. Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP) 2 gene has been implied to be involved in AS etiopathogenesis. The current study evaluated the association of ERAP2 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with susceptibility to AS in an Iranian population. METHODS Two hundred and forty AS patients and 240 healthy individuals were recruited. DNA extraction was performed from whole blood samples and RNA content was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Real-time allelic discrimination approach was exerted to genotype all subjects for rs2910686, rs2248374, and rs2549782 SNPs. After cDNA synthesis, mRNA expression of cytokines was determined. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was exerted to evaluate the cytokine levels in serum of participants. RESULTS None of the SNPs were associated with AS risk in the whole population. However, allele and heterozygote genotype of rs2910686 SNP were associated significantly with higher risk of AS in Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 positive group. mRNA expression and serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-23, interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was increased in AS patients compared with controls. Nonetheless, mRNA expression and serum levels of cytokines was not significantly different among HLA-B27 positive AS patients with different three genotypes for rs2910686 SNP. CONCLUSIONS AlthoughERAP2 gene rs2910686 polymorphism was significantly associated with increased risk of AS susceptibility, it might not be involved in regulation of the inflammatory cytokines during AS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Ebrazeh
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nojavan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Alfa Medical Laboratory, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shiva Abdi-Shayan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sevda Salimifard
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elahe Dolatshahi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Babaie
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Zamani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
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Babaie F, Mohammadi H, Hemmatzadeh M, Ebrazeh M, Torkamandi S, Yousefi M, Hajaliloo M, Rezaiemanesh A, Salimi S, Salimi R, Safarzadeh E, Baradaran B, Babaloo Z. Evaluation of ERAP1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms in immunomodulation of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines profile in ankylosing spondylitis. Immunol Lett 2019; 217:31-38. [PMID: 31711818 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a prototype of chronic inflammatory arthritis termed seronegative spondyloarthropathies that typically affects the joints. Among the non-Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci, the strongest association has been observed with Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Moreover, the effect of ERAP1 gene SNPs on the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in AS disease has still been poorly elucidated. In this study, we aimed to determine the association of ERAP1 gene SNPs (rs30187 and rs2287987) with AS risk as well as their effect on the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, with emphasis on the immunoregulation of the IL-17/IL-23 pathway, in an Iranian population. METHODS We performed Single specific primer (SSP)-PCR for genotyping of 160 AS patients and 160 healthy controls. After isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), total RNA of PBMCs was isolated, complementary DNA (cDNA) was synthesized, and quantitative analyses of mRNA expression of cytokines were performed by Real-time PCR for 40 HLA-B27 positive AS patients and 40 healthy individuals as controls. RESULTS It was seen that T allele of rs30187 (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.07-2.22, P = 0.017) and C allele of rs2287987 (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.05-2.14, P = 0.024) were associated with the risk of AS. Both of these alleles were associated more strongly in the HLA-B27 positive AS patients. There was a significant overexpression of mRNAs of pro-inflammatory (IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-23, TNF-α and IFN-γ), while downregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β) in PBMCs from 40 HLA-B27 positive AS patients in comparison to controls. AS patients with rs30187 SNP TT genotype expressed mRNA of IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-23 significantly higher than patents with CT and CC genotypes for this SNP. CONCLUSIONS This study represented the association of ERAP1 gene rs30187 and rs2287987 polymorphism with the risk of AS. Additionally, it appears that rs30187 polymorphism may be involved in the immunomodulation of the IL-17/IL-23 pathway in the AS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Babaie
- Department of Immunology and Genetic, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Ebrazeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shahram Torkamandi
- Department of Immunology and Genetic, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrzad Hajaliloo
- Connective Tissue Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Rezaiemanesh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sorayya Salimi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Reza Salimi
- Human Molecular Genetics, De Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elham Safarzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Zohreh Babaloo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Connective Tissue Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Whyte JM, Ellis JJ, Brown MA, Kenna TJ. Best practices in DNA methylation: lessons from inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis and ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:133. [PMID: 31159831 PMCID: PMC6547594 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-1922-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in genomic technology have enabled a greater understanding of the genetics of common immune-mediated diseases such as ankylosing spondylitis (AS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and psoriasis. The substantial overlap in genetically identified pathogenic pathways has been demonstrated between these diseases. However, to date, gene discovery approaches have only mapped a minority of the heritability of these common diseases, and most disease-associated variants have been found to be non-coding, suggesting mechanisms of disease-association through transcriptional regulatory effects. Epigenetics is a major interface between genetic and environmental modifiers of disease and strongly influence transcription. DNA methylation is a well-characterised epigenetic mechanism, and a highly stable epigenetic marker, that is implicated in disease pathogenesis. DNA methylation is an under-investigated area in immune-mediated diseases, and many studies in the field are affected by experimental design limitations, related to study design, technical limitations of the methylation typing methods employed, and statistical issues. This has resulted in both sparsity of investigations into disease-related changes in DNA methylation, a paucity of robust findings, and difficulties comparing studies in the same disease. In this review, we cover the basics of DNA methylation establishment and control, and the methods used to examine it. We examine the current state of DNA methylation studies in AS, IBD and psoriasis; the limitations of previous studies; and the best practices for DNA methylation studies. The purpose of this review is to assist with proper experimental design and consistency of approach in future studies to enable a better understanding of the functional role of DNA methylation in immune-mediated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Whyte
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jonathan J Ellis
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matthew A Brown
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia. .,Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Queensland, 4102, Australia.
| | - Tony J Kenna
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
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23
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Coit P, Kaushik P, Caplan L, Kerr GS, Walsh JA, Dubreuil M, Reimold A, Sawalha AH. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in ankylosing spondylitis identifies HLA-B*27 dependent and independent DNA methylation changes in whole blood. J Autoimmun 2019; 102:126-132. [PMID: 31128893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by inflammation of the sacroiliac joints and the spine that can lead to significant pain, immobility, and disability. The etiology and pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis are incompletely understood, though most patients carry the HLA-B*27 allele. The objective of this study was to evaluate DNA methylation changes in ankylosing spondylitis with the goal of revealing novel mechanistic insights into this disease. METHODS Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis was performed in whole blood DNA samples using the Infinium MethylationEPIC array in patients with ankylosing spondylitis compared to age, sex, and race matched patients with osteoarthritis as a non-inflammatory disease control. We studied 24 patients with ankylosing spondylitis, including 12 patients who carry HLA-B*27 and 12 patients who are HLA-B*27 negative. DNA methylation analysis was performed with adjustment for blood cell composition in each sample. RESULTS We identified a total of 67 differentially methylated sites between ankylosing spondylitis patients and osteoarthritis controls. Hypermethylated genes found included GTPase-related genes, while hypomethylated genes included HCP5, which encodes a lncRNA within the MHC region, previously associated with genetic risk for psoriasis and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Carrying HLA-B*27 was associated with robust hypomethylation of HCP5, tubulin folding cofactor A (TBCA) and phospholipase D Family Member 6 (PLD6) in ankylosing spondylitis patients. Hypomethylation within HCP5 involves a CpG site that contains a single nucleotide polymorphism in linkage disequilibrium with HLA-B*27 and that controls DNA methylation at this locus in an allele-specific manner. CONCLUSIONS A genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in ankylosing spondylitis identified DNA methylation patterns that could provide potential novel insights into this disease. Our findings suggest that HLA-B*27 might play a role in ankylosing spondylitis in part through inducing epigenetic dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Coit
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Prashant Kaushik
- Rheumatology Service, Stratton VA Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Liron Caplan
- Division of Rheumatology, Denver VA Medical Center and University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Gail S Kerr
- Division of Rheumatology, Washington DC VAMC and Georgetown and Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jessica A Walsh
- Division of Rheumatology, George E. Wahlen VA Medical Center & University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Maureen Dubreuil
- Rheumatology, VA Boston Healthcare System & Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andreas Reimold
- Division of Rheumatology, Dallas VA Medical Center and University of Texas - Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Amr H Sawalha
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine & Lupus Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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24
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Tabaei S, Tabaee SS. DNA methylation abnormalities in atherosclerosis. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2031-2041. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1617724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samira Tabaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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25
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Shahba S, Jafari Shakib R, Jamshidi A, Vojdanian M, Akhtari M, Aslani S, Poursani S, Nikokar I, Mahmoudi M. Association study of copy number variation in BMP8A gene with the risk of ankylosing spondylitis in Iranian population. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:8359-8365. [PMID: 30485530 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copy number variation (CNV) of DNA segments has been considered as an important component of genetic variation, affecting the quality and quantity of gene expression. Bone morphogenic protein 8A (BMP8A) has been reported to function in bone formation. With respect to the bone and joint complications in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), this investigation aimed to study the role of BMP8A gene CNV in impressing the gene expression as well as the disease risk. METHODS A total of 900 individuals, including 450 patients with AS and 450 healthy controls were enrolled. The copy numbers of BMP8A gene were detected by TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. BMP8A messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was also measured by SYBR Green real-time gene expression PCR method. RESULTS No significant association of BMP8A copy number was detected with the risk of AS. BMP8A mRNA expression level was significantly downregulated in patients compared with controls. mRNA expression level of BMP8A in both AS patients with and without syndesmophyte was significantly lower than the healthy control group. There was no correlation between the mRNA expression level of BMP8A and both demographic and clinical data of the patients. CONCLUSIONS Although BMP8A gene expression was downregulated in patients with AS, its copy number could not affect the transcript level of BMP8A gene in PBMCs and was not associated with susceptibility to AS in Iranian population. BMP8a may take into account as an indicator of bone formation process in AS, but it seems that mechanisms other than CNV may regulate this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shahba
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Jafari Shakib
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Jamshidi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Vojdanian
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Akhtari
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Poursani
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iraj Nikokar
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology of Infectious Diseases, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Ankylosing spondylitis is associated with aberrant DNA methylation of IFN regulatory factor 8 gene promoter region. Clin Rheumatol 2019; 38:2161-2169. [PMID: 30900036 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-019-04505-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the role of methylation levels of the IFN regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) gene promoter in the development of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS In this study, we compared the methylation levels of the IRF8 gene promoter between 99 AS patients and 99 healthy controls using MethylTarget approach. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to compare the mRNA levels of the IRF8 gene in the other 19 AS patients and 19 healthy controls. RESULTS Differential methylation was found in 91 CpG sites of the IRF8 gene promoter, and 4 CpG regions were highly methylated in AS patients compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). In the verification stage, we found that the mRNA levels of the IRF8 gene in AS patients were significantly lower than that in controls (AS 0.77 (0.39-1.74), P = 0.038). Positive correlations between methylation of the IRF8 gene and the duration of disease, BASFI, and ESR were observed in AS patients. CONCLUSIONS We found a significant hypermethylation of the IRF8 gene promoter and a downregulation of the mRNA levels of the IRF8 gene in AS patients. This suggests that aberrant methylation of the IRF8 gene promoter may probably contribute to the development and pathogenesis of AS through regulating the expression of mRNA.
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27
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DNA methylation and transcriptome signature of the IL12B gene in ankylosing spondylitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 71:109-114. [PMID: 30889422 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an autoimmune disease without a reliable biomarker. This study investigated the IL12B gene methylation as a robust marker by integrating DNA methylation and mRNA data. METHODS A two-stage design was used for methylome and transcriptome investigation. The first phase detected methylation level from 99 AS patients and 99 healthy controls (HCs) whilst the second phase measured mRNA level from 20 patients and 20 HCs. We conducted analysis of differential methylation sites and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) as well as mRNA level to verify methylation. RESULTS We investigated 37 methylation sites that were mapped to 2 CpG islands (IL12B-1 and IL12B-2). Compared with HCs, the two islands were hypermethylated (IL12B-1: P = 4.6 ∗ 10 ^ -4; IL12B-2: P = 1.3 ∗ 10 ^ -5) and the mRNA level was overexpressed (P = 0.004) in AS patients. The subgroup analysis results showed a significant hypermethylation of the two islands in B27 positive group (IL12B-1: P = 3.7 ∗ 10 ^ -4; IL12B-2: P = 3.7 ∗ 10 ^ -6) and in male patients (IL12B-1: P = 4.9 ∗ 10 ^ -4; IL12B-2: P = 7.2 ∗ 10 ^ -6). ROC results found that the IL12B-1 island had a sensitivity of 62.6% and a specificity of 66.7%, and the IL12B-2 had a sensitivity of 50.0% and a specificity of 77.7%. CONCLUSION DNA methylation and transcriptome signature of the IL12B gene can discriminate AS patients from HCs, and hypermethylation of the IL12B may contribute to the pathogenesis of AS.
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28
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Aghaei H, Mostafaei S, Aslani S, Jamshidi A, Mahmoudi M. Association study between KIR polymorphisms and rheumatoid arthritis disease: an updated meta-analysis. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:24. [PMID: 30696403 PMCID: PMC6352331 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Currently published studies investigating association between the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) gene polymorphisms and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) reported inconsistent and contradictory results. Hence, we aim to carry out this comprehensive meta-analysis of all eligible studies meeting the inclusion criteria to achieve precise and comprehensive relationships between genetic variations in KIR gene cluster and risk of RA. Methods Databases of Medline/PubMed and Scopus were searched to investigate case-control studies prior to May 2018. The associations between KIR gene polymorphisms and RA susceptibility were analyzed by computing the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for each study. Results A total of 11 comparative case-control studies involving 1847 RA patients and 2409 healthy individuals were included in this meta-analysis. Four significant associations of 2DL3 (OR = 0.591, 95% CI = 0.351–0.994; P = 0.047), 2DL5 (OR = 0.716, 95% CI = 0.601–0.853; P < 0.001), 2DS5 (OR = 0.623, 95% CI = 0.393–0.988; P = 0.045), and 3DL3 (OR = 0.324, 95% CI = 0.129–0.814; P = 0.016) genes with decreased RA risk were discovered in this meta-analysis. Although, other KIR receptors including 2DL1, 2DL2, 2DL4, 3DL1, 3DL2, 3DS1, 2DS1-2DS4, and two pseudo gens of 2DP1 and 3DP1 displayed no significant association with predisposition to RA. Conclusions These findings provide reliable evidence that 2DL3, 2DL5, 3DL3, and 2DS5 might have a potential protective role for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Aghaei
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 1411713137, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shayan Mostafaei
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 1411713137, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Jamshidi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 1411713137, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 1411713137, Tehran, Iran.
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29
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Aberrant epigenetic changes in DNA methylation, histone marks, and noncoding RNA expression regulate the pathogenesis of many rheumatic diseases. The present article will review the recent advances in the epigenetic profile of inflammatory arthritis and discuss diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. RECENT FINDINGS Methylation signatures of fibroblast-like synoviocytes not only distinguish rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA), but also early RA from late RA or juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Methylation patterns are also specific to individual joint locations, which might explain the distribution of joint involvement in some rheumatic diseases. Hypomethylation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) T cells is, in part, because of active demethylation and 5-hydroxymethylation. The methylation status of some genes in SLE is associated with disease severity and has potential as a diagnostic marker. An integrative analysis of OA methylome, transcriptome, and proteome in chondrocytes has identified multiple-evidence genes that might be evaluated for therapeutic potential. Class-specific histone deacetylase inhibitors are being evaluated for therapy in inflammatory arthritis. SUMMARY Disease pathogenesis is regulated by the interplay of genetics, environment, and epigenetics. Understanding how these mechanisms regulate cell function in health and disease has implications for individualized therapy.
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30
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Strategies toward rheumatoid arthritis therapy; the old and the new. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10018-10031. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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31
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Association analysis of ERAP1 gene single nucleotide polymorphism in susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis in Iranian population. Immunol Lett 2018; 201:52-58. [PMID: 30412714 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a debilitating spondyloarthropathy that has been associated with variation in several genes. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 constructs an impaired structure, culminating in recognition and activation of immune system. Impaired function of Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP) 1, which primes peptides to be loaded in HLA molecules, has strongly been associated with AS proneness. Here, we intended to investigate the possible association of ERAP1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with AS susceptibility in Iranian patients. Methods Two-hundred and twenty AS patients and 220 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. DNA was extracted from blood samples and then was genotyped for rs27044, rs17482078, and rs10050860 polymorphism by SSP-PCR approach. Results It was seen that G allele and GG genotype of rs27044 SNP significantly increased the risk of AS that was even stronger in HLA-B27 positive patients. Moreover, the T allele and TT genotype of rs10050860 polymorphism were associated with increased risk of the disease in both all and HLA-B27 positive AS group. Two haplotypes were associated with the risk of AS and there was linkage disequilibrium between SNPs. Two SNPs were associated with clinicopathological manifestations of AS subjects. Conclusions This association study replicated the role ofERAP1 gene polymorphisms with the risk of AS in an Iranian population.
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Rezaei R, Mostafaei S, Aslani S, Jamshidi A, Mahmoudi M. Association study between killer immunoglobulin-like receptor polymorphisms and ankylosing spondylitis disease: An updated meta-analysis. Int J Rheum Dis 2018; 21:1746-1755. [PMID: 30398028 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several genetic studies have assessed the association between polymorphisms in killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) genes and susceptibility of individuals to ankylosing spondylitis (AS), but the findings have been inconclusive and incongruous. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis of all case-control studies meeting the inclusion criteria for obtaining an exact conclusion of the effect of KIR polymorphisms on the risk of AS. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in electronic databases, including Scopus web of science, ScienceDirect, and PubMed to find all eligible studies exploring the association between KIR polymorphisms and the risk of AS, prior to June 2017. Pooled odds ratios (OR) and their corresponding 95% CIs were used to evaluate the strength of the association between KIR polymorphisms and the risk of AS. RESULTS A total of 16 case-control studies, encompassed in 12 papers, with 1770 cases and 2907 healthy subjects were included in the meta-analysis. This meta-analysis revealed three significant positive associations of 2DS1, 2DS5, and 3DS1 with susceptibility to AS, while two significant negative associations of 2DL2 and 2DS2 with susceptibility to AS were identified. In the subgroup analysis based on human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*27 positive patients and healthy subjects, results indicated that there were four significant positive associations between 2DL5, 2DS4, 2DS5, 3DS1 polymorphisms and susceptibility to AS in HLA-B*27-positive patients; a significant negative association of 3DL1 in HLA-B*27-positive patients was found. CONCLUSIONS While 2DS1, 2DS5, and 3DS1 polymorphisms increased AS risk, 2DL2 and 2DS2 polymorphisms were associated with reduced AS susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramazan Rezaei
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shayan Mostafaei
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Jamshidi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gholamzad M, Ebtekar M, Ardestani MS, Azimi M, Mahmodi Z, Mousavi MJ, Aslani S. A comprehensive review on the treatment approaches of multiple sclerosis: currently and in the future. Inflamm Res 2018; 68:25-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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34
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Mohammadi H, Hemmatzadeh M, Babaie F, Gowhari Shabgah A, Azizi G, Hosseini F, Majidi J, Baradaran B. MicroRNA implications in the etiopathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:5564-5573. [PMID: 29377110 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease that affects both axial and peripheral skeletons as well as soft tissues. Recent investigations offer that disease pathogenesis is ascribed to a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and immunological factors. Until now, there is no appropriate method for early diagnosis of AS and the successful available therapy for AS patients stay largely undefined. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), endogenous small noncoding RNAs controlling the functions of target mRNAs and cellular processes, are present in human plasma in a stable form and have appeared as possible biomarkers for activity, pathogenesis, and prognosis of the disease. In the present review, we have tried to summarize the recent findings related to miRNAs in AS development and discuss the possible utilization of these molecules as prognostic biomarkers or important therapeutic strategies for AS. Further examinations are needed to determine the unique miRNAs signatures in AS and characterize the mechanisms mediated by miRNAs in the pathology of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Babaie
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Imam Hassan Mojtaba Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hosseini
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Jafar Majidi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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35
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Dashti N, Mahmoudi M, Gharibdoost F, Kavosi H, Rezaei R, Imeni V, Jamshidi A, Aslani S, Mostafaei S, Vodjgani M. Evaluation of ITGB2 (CD18) and SELL (CD62L) genes expression and methylation of ITGB2 promoter region in patients with systemic sclerosis. Rheumatol Int 2018; 38:489-498. [PMID: 29356883 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-017-3915-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc), an autoimmune disease of connective tissue, is characterized by inflammation, fibrosis, and vessel endothelial damage. Products of Integrin subunit beta 2 (ITGB2) and selectin L (SELL) genes participate in several functional pathways of immune system. The aim of this investigation was to survey the transcript level of ITGB2 and SELL genes as well as methylation status of CpG sites in promoter region of differently expressed gene in PBMCs of SSc patients. PBMCs were isolated from whole blood of 50 SSc patients and 30 healthy controls. Total RNA and DNA contents of PBMCs were extracted. Gene expression was analyzed by real-time PCR using the SYBR Green PCR Master Mix. To investigate the methylation status of CpG sites, DNA samples were treated by bisulfite, amplified through nested PCR, and sequenced through Sanger difficult sequencing method. ITGB2 gene in PBMCs of SSc patients was overexpressed significantly in comparison to healthy controls. However, no altered SELL expression was observed. Three CpG sites of 12, 13 and 14 were significantly hypomethylated in patients group, despite overall methylation status of ITGB2 gene promoter revealed no significant difference between study groups. There was no statistically significant correlation between methylation status of ITGB2 promoter and the gene expression in patients. Regarding to lack of correlation of increased expression of ITGB2 with its promoter hypomethylation in SSc patients, our study suggests that upregulation of ITGB2 in PBMCs from SSc patients is probably due to another mechanism other than methylation alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Dashti
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Gharibdoost
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hoda Kavosi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramazan Rezaei
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Imeni
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Jamshidi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shayan Mostafaei
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Vodjgani
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
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36
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Mahmoudi M, Hamzeh E, Aslani S, Ziaee V, Poursani S, Rezaei N. Single nucleotide polymorphism of Methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 gene associates with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2017; 37:375-381. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-017-3968-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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37
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Sandhu C, Qureshi A, Emili A. Panomics for Precision Medicine. Trends Mol Med 2017; 24:85-101. [PMID: 29217119 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Medicine is poised to undergo a digital transformation. High-throughput platforms are creating terabytes of genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic data. The challenge is to interpret these data in a meaningful manner - to uncover relationships that are not readily apparent between molecular profiles and states of health or disease. This will require the development of novel data pipelines and computational tools. The combined analysis of multi-dimensional data is referred to as 'panomics'. The ultimate hope of integrative panomics is that it will lead to the discovery and application of novel markers and targeted therapeutics that drive forward a new era of 'precision medicine' where inter-individual variation is accounted for in the treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alia Qureshi
- Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Emili
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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