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Association of functional polymorphisms in 3'-untranslated regions of COMT, DISC1, and DTNBP1 with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Psychiatr Genet 2019; 28:110-119. [PMID: 30252773 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In recent years, various studies have accumulated evidence of the involvement of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in introns and exons in schizophrenia. The association of functional SNPs in the 3'-untranslated regions with schizophrenia has been explored in a number of studies, but the results are inconclusive because of limited meta-analyses. To systematically analyze the association between SNPs in 3'-untranslated regions and schizophrenia, we conducted a meta-analysis by combining all available studies on schizophrenia candidate genes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched candidate genes from the schizophrenia database and performed a comprehensive meta-analysis using all the available data up to August 2017. The association between susceptible SNPs and schizophrenia was assessed by the pooled odds ratio with 95% confidence interval using fixed-effect and random-effect models. RESULTS A total of 21 studies including 8291 cases and 9638 controls were used for meta-analysis. Three investigated SNPs were rs165599, rs3737597, and rs1047631 of COMT, DISC1, and DTNBP1, respectively. Our results suggested that rs3737597 showed a significant association with schizophrenia in Europeans (odds ratio: 1.584, P: 0.002, 95% confidence interval: 1.176-2.134) under a random-effect framework. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis indicated that rs3737597 of DISC1 was significantly associated with schizophrenia in Europeans, and it can be suggested as an ethnic-specific risk genetic factor.
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Gozukara Bag HG. Association between COMT gene rs165599 SNP and schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of case-control studies. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2018; 6:845-854. [PMID: 30165727 PMCID: PMC6160701 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are many studies with different results that examine the association between Catechol-O-MethylTransferase (COMT) gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and schizophrenia. In this study, the aim was to conduct a meta-analysis to achieve a pooled effect size of the association between COMT gene rs165599 SNP and schizophrenia. METHODS Odds ratio (OR) was used as an effect size to determine the association between schizophrenia and the SNP. The pooled ORs were achieved under four different genetic models. When the heterogeneity among studies was high the DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model, otherwise the Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effects model was used. Publication bias was evaluated by Egger's test. RESULTS Under different genetic models no statistically significant association was found between rs165599 SNP and schizophrenia by meta-analyses consist of 20 independent studies. There was high heterogeneity among studies, for the possible reason the population differences, although the subgroup analyzes reduced the heterogeneity, no association was obtained. However, the sex-specific estimation of the females showed that to be a G allele carrier is a risk factor for schizophrenia (OR = 1.366 [95% confidence interval = 1.094-1.706]) compared to AA homozygous. CONCLUSION The COMT gene rs165599 SNP does not appear to be a single-risk factor for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harika Gozde Gozukara Bag
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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Kikuchi M, Miura K, Morita K, Yamamori H, Fujimoto M, Ikeda M, Yasuda Y, Nakaya A, Hashimoto R. Genome-wide Association Analysis of Eye Movement Dysfunction in Schizophrenia. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12347. [PMID: 30120336 PMCID: PMC6098030 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30646-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Eye movements are considered endophenotypes of schizophrenia. However, the genetic factors underlying eye movement are largely unknown. In this study, we explored the susceptibility loci for four eye movement scores: the scanpath length during the free viewing test (SPL), the horizontal position gain during the fast Lissajous paradigm of the smooth pursuit test (HPG), the duration of fixations during the far distractor paradigm of the fixation stability test (DF) and the integrated eye movement score of those three scores (EMS). We found 16 SNPs relevant to the HPG that were located in 3 genomic regions (1q21.3, 7p12.1 and 20q13.12) in the patient group; however, these SNPs were intronic or intergenic SNPs. To determine whether these SNPs occur in functional non-coding regions (i.e., enhancer or promoter regions), we examined the chromatin status on the basis of publicly available epigenomic data from 127 tissues or cell lines. This analysis suggested that the SNPs on 1q21.3 and 20q13.12 are in enhancer or promoter regions. Moreover, we performed an analysis of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) in human brain tissues using a public database. Finally, we identified significant eQTL effects for all of the SNPs at 1q21.3 and 20q13.12 in particular brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Kikuchi
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Miura
- Department of Integrative Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kentaro Morita
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenaga Yamamori
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michiko Fujimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Ikeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuka Yasuda
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nakaya
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
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Naß J, Efferth T. Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacotherapy of Military Personnel Suffering from Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 15:831-860. [PMID: 27834145 PMCID: PMC5652029 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666161111113514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe problem among soldiers with combating experience difficult to treat. The pathogenesis is still not fully understood at the psychological level. Therefore, genetic research became a focus of interest. The identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may help to predict, which persons are at high risk to develop PTSD as a starting point to develop novel targeted drugs for treatment. Methods: We conducted a systematic review on SNPs in genes related to PTSD pathology and development of targeted pharmacological treatment options based on PubMed database searches. We focused on clinical trials with military personnel. Results: SNPs in 22 human genes have been linked to PTSD. These genes encode proteins acting as neurotransmitters and receptors, downstream signal transducers and metabolizing enzymes. Pharmacological inhibitors may serve as drug candidates for PTSD treatment, e.g. β2 adrenoreceptor antagonists, dopamine antagonists, partial dopamine D2 receptor agonists, dopamine β hydroxylase inhibitors, fatty acid amid hydrolase antagonists, glucocorticoid receptor agonists, tropomyosin receptor kinase B agonists, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors, gamma-amino butyric acid receptor agonists, glutamate receptor inhibitors, monoaminoxidase B inhibitors, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonists. Conclusion: The combination of genetic and pharmacological research may lead to novel target-based drug developments with improved specificity and efficacy to treat PTSD. Specific SNPs may be identified as reliable biomarkers to assess individual disease risk. Focusing on soldiers suffering from PTSD will not only help to improve treatment options for this specific group, but for all PTSD patients and the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Naß
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz. Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz. Germany
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Association of DISC1, BDNF, and COMT polymorphisms with exploratory eye movement of schizophrenia in a Chinese Han population. Psychiatr Genet 2017; 26:258-265. [PMID: 27285059 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggested that exploratory eye movement (EEM) dysfunction appears to be a biological marker specific to schizophrenia, with an unknown molecular mechanism. Genetic studies indicate that disrupted-in-schizophrenia-1 (DISC1), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) genes might be implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia, but not in all populations. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to explore associations between these candidate genes and EEM endophenotypes for schizophrenia in a Chinese Han population. METHODS EEM recordings were examined in 139 patients with schizophrenia and 143 healthy control participants. RESULTS All five EEM parameters, responsive search score, cognitive search score, number of eye fixations, total eye scanning length, and mean eye scanning length, of schizophrenic patients differed significantly from those of healthy controls (P<0.001). The DISC1 SerCys, BDNF ValMet, and COMT ValMet were genotyped in a total sample of 818 schizophrenic patients and 827 healthy control participants, including the above EEM samples. We found that DISC1 Cys and BDNF Met were associated with an increased risk of developing schizophrenia (P<0.001). Furthermore, responsive search score scores of BDNF Met/Met carriers were significantly lower than those of Val allele carriers (P=0.022), which remained modest after Bonferroni correction. CONCLUSION The BDNF MetMet polymorphism might be associated with the EEM dysfunction of schizophrenia.
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Lencer R, Mills LJ, Alliey-Rodriguez N, Shafee R, Lee AM, Reilly JL, Sprenger A, McDowell JE, McCarroll SA, Keshavan MS, Pearlson GD, Tamminga CA, Clementz BA, Gershon ES, Sweeney JA, Bishop JR. Genome-wide association studies of smooth pursuit and antisaccade eye movements in psychotic disorders: findings from the B-SNIP study. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1249. [PMID: 29064472 PMCID: PMC5682604 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Eye movement deviations, particularly deficits of initial sensorimotor processing and sustained pursuit maintenance, and antisaccade inhibition errors, are established intermediate phenotypes for psychotic disorders. We here studied eye movement measures of 849 participants from the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) study (schizophrenia N=230, schizoaffective disorder N=155, psychotic bipolar disorder N=206 and healthy controls N=258) as quantitative phenotypes in relation to genetic data, while controlling for genetically derived ancestry measures, age and sex. A mixed-modeling genome-wide association studies approach was used including ~4.4 million genotypes (PsychChip and 1000 Genomes imputation). Across participants, sensorimotor processing at pursuit initiation was significantly associated with a single nucleotide polymorphism in IPO8 (12p11.21, P=8 × 10-11), whereas suggestive associations with sustained pursuit maintenance were identified with SNPs in SH3GL2 (9p22.2, P=3 × 10-8). In participants of predominantly African ancestry, sensorimotor processing was also significantly associated with SNPs in PCDH12 (5q31.3, P=1.6 × 10-10), and suggestive associations were observed with NRSN1 (6p22.3, P=5.4 × 10-8) and LMO7 (13q22.2, P=7.3x10-8), whereas antisaccade error rate was significantly associated with a non-coding region at chromosome 7 (P=6.5 × 10-9). Exploratory pathway analyses revealed associations with nervous system development and function for 40 top genes with sensorimotor processing and pursuit maintenance (P=4.9 × 10-2-9.8 × 10-4). Our findings suggest novel patterns of genetic variation relevant for brain systems subserving eye movement control known to be impaired in psychotic disorders. They include genes involved in nuclear trafficking and gene silencing (IPO8), fast axonal guidance and synaptic specificity (PCDH12), transduction of nerve signals (NRSN1), retinal degeneration (LMO7), synaptic glutamate release (SH3GL2), and broader nervous system development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lencer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - L J Mills
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - N Alliey-Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - R Shafee
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - A M Lee
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J L Reilly
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Sprenger
- Department of Neurology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - J E McDowell
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - S A McCarroll
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M S Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deacones Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - G D Pearlson
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - C A Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - B A Clementz
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - E S Gershon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J A Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - J R Bishop
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota College of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Abstract
The visual tract is prominently involved in schizophrenia, as evidenced by perceptual distortions and a type of nystagmus found in many individuals affected. Genetic explanations for these abnormalities have been suggested. This study proposes an alternate explanation based on infection. Several infectious agents thought to be associated with some cases of schizophrenia are known to cause both infection of the fetus and abnormalities of the eye. Toxoplasma gondii is examined in detail, and rubella, cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus, and herpes simplex virus more briefly. Careful ophthalmic assessments, including funduscopy and direct examination of tissues for infectious agents, will clarify the role of such agents in ocular aspects of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Fuller Torrey
- Stanley Medical Research Institute, 10605 Concord Street, Suite 205, Kensington, MD 20895
| | - Robert H. Yolken
- Stanley Laboratory of Neurovirology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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8
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Liu JX, Luo RC, Li R, Li X, Guo YW, Ding DP, Chen YZ. Lack of associations of the COMT Val158Met polymorphism with risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer: a pooled analysis of case-control studies. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 15:6181-6. [PMID: 25124595 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.15.6181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This meta-analysis was conducted to examine whether the genotype status of Val158Met polymorphism in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is associated with endometrial and ovarian cancer risk. Eligible studies were identified by searching several databases for relevant reports published before January 1, 2014. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were appropriately derived from fixed-effects or random-effects models. In total, 15 studies (1,293 cases and 2,647 controls for ovarian cancer and 2,174 cases and 2,699 controls for endometrial cancer) were included in the present meta-analysis. When all studies were pooled into the meta-analysis, there was no evidence for significant association between COMT Val158Met polymorphism and ovarian cancer risk (Val/Met versus Val/Val: OR=0.91, 95% CI=0.76-1.08; Met/Met versus Val/Val: OR=0.90, 95% CI=0.73-1.10; dominant model: OR=0.90, 95% CI=0.77-1.06; recessive model: OR=0.95, 95% CI=0.80-1.13). Similarly, no associations were found in all comparisons for endometrial cancer (Val/Met versus Val/Val: OR 0.97, 95% CI=0.77-1.21; Met/Met versus Val/Val: OR=1.02, 95% CI=0.73-1.42; dominant model: OR=0.98, 95% CI=0.77-1.25; recessive model: OR=1.02, 95% CI=0.87-1.20). In the subgroup analyses by source of control and ethnicity, no significant associations were found in any subgroup of population. This meta-analysis strongly suggests that COMT Val158Met polymorphism is not associated with increased endometrial and ovarian cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Xin Liu
- Department of Oncology, Longgang District Central Hospital of ShenZhen, ShenZhen, China E-mail :
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Demily C, Louchart-de-la-Chapelle S, Nkam I, Ramoz N, Denise P, Nicolas A, Savalle C, Thibaut F. Does COMT val158met polymorphism influence P50 sensory gating, eye tracking or saccadic inhibition dysfunctions in schizophrenia? Psychiatry Res 2016; 246:738-744. [PMID: 27825784 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Three electrophysiological endophenotypes are routinely studied in schizophrenia (SCZ): smooth pursuit eye movement (SPEM) dysfunction, deficits in P50 auditory-evoked potential inhibition, and saccadic inhibition deficits. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between the COMT val158met polymorphism and these three endophenotypes. One hundred four SCZ patients (DSM-IV-R criteria) and 89 healthy controls were included in this study. P50 auditory-evoked potential inhibition, antisaccade paradigm and SPEM were analyzed. All individuals were genotyped for the COMT val158met. SCZ patients showed a higher rate of deficits measured by the SPEM, antisaccade and P50 inhibition paradigms without association with COMT val158met. However, in our control group, we have found an association between the Val polymorphism and the smoking status. More importantly, we have found a higher accuracy of saccades during the predictive pursuit task associated to the Met polymorphism in controls but not in SCZ patients who were receiving antidopaminergic medications. This result is in line with the hypothesis of the relationship between the Met polymorphism of the COMT gene, a higher level of dopamine in the prefrontal cortex and the role of the fronto-cerebellar loop in smooth predictive pursuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Demily
- GénoPsy - Centre for the Detection and Management of Psychiatric Genetic Disorders Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier, Bron, UMR 5229 (CNRS & Lyon 1 University), France.
| | - Sandrine Louchart-de-la-Chapelle
- Service de Gérontologie Clinique & Centre de la Mémoire, Centre de Gérontologie Clinique Rainier III, Principauté de Monaco, France.
| | - Irène Nkam
- Centre Hospitalier Roger Prévost, Secteur 92 G 01, Moisselles, France.
| | - Nicolas Ramoz
- INSERM U 894, Centre Psychiatry and neurosciences, Paris, France.
| | - Pierre Denise
- Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, Centre Cycéron, CNRS/CEA/Université de Caen/Université Paris V, UMR 6095, Bd H. Becquerel, Caen, France.
| | - Alain Nicolas
- Unité Michel Jouvet, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier, Bron, France.
| | | | - Florence Thibaut
- Dept of Psychiatry, University Hospital Cochin (Site Tarnier), University Sorbonne-Paris Cité(Faculty of Medicine Paris Descartes), INSERM U 894, CPN, Paris, France.
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Schmitt A, Rujescu D, Gawlik M, Hasan A, Hashimoto K, Iceta S, Jarema M, Kambeitz J, Kasper S, Keeser D, Kornhuber J, Koutsouleris N, Lanzenberger R, Malchow B, Saoud M, Spies M, Stöber G, Thibaut F, Riederer P, Falkai P. Consensus paper of the WFSBP Task Force on Biological Markers: Criteria for biomarkers and endophenotypes of schizophrenia part II: Cognition, neuroimaging and genetics. World J Biol Psychiatry 2016; 17:406-28. [PMID: 27311987 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1183043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Schizophrenia is a group of severe psychiatric disorders with high heritability but only low odds ratios of risk genes. Despite progress in the identification of pathophysiological processes, valid biomarkers of the disease are still lacking. METHODS This comprehensive review summarises recent efforts to identify genetic underpinnings, clinical and cognitive endophenotypes and symptom dimensions of schizophrenia and presents findings from neuroimaging studies with structural, functional and spectroscopy magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography. The potential of findings to be biomarkers of schizophrenia is discussed. RESULTS Recent findings have not resulted in clear biomarkers for schizophrenia. However, we identified several biomarkers that are potential candidates for future research. Among them, copy number variations and links between genetic polymorphisms derived from genome-wide analysis studies, clinical or cognitive phenotypes, multimodal neuroimaging findings including positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, and the application of multivariate pattern analyses are promising. CONCLUSIONS Future studies should address the effects of treatment and stage of the disease more precisely and apply combinations of biomarker candidates. Although biomarkers for schizophrenia await validation, knowledge on candidate genomic and neuroimaging biomarkers is growing rapidly and research on this topic has the potential to identify psychiatric endophenotypes and in the future increase insight on individual treatment response in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Schmitt
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , LMU Munich , Germany ;,b Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM27), Institute of Psychiatry , University of Sao Paulo , Sao Paulo , Brazil
| | - Dan Rujescu
- c Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics , University of Halle , Germany
| | - Micha Gawlik
- d Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics , University of Würzburg , Germany
| | - Alkomiet Hasan
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , LMU Munich , Germany
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- e Division of Clinical Neuroscience , Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health , Chiba , Japan
| | - Sylvain Iceta
- f INSERM, U1028; CNRS, UMR5292; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, PsyR2 Team , Lyon , F-69000 , France ; Hospices Civils De Lyon, France
| | - Marek Jarema
- g Department of Psychiatry , Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Joseph Kambeitz
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , LMU Munich , Germany
| | - Siegfried Kasper
- h Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Medical University of Vienna , Austria
| | - Daniel Keeser
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , LMU Munich , Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- i Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | | | - Rupert Lanzenberger
- h Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Medical University of Vienna , Austria
| | - Berend Malchow
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , LMU Munich , Germany
| | - Mohamed Saoud
- f INSERM, U1028; CNRS, UMR5292; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, PsyR2 Team , Lyon , F-69000 , France ; Hospices Civils De Lyon, France
| | - Marie Spies
- h Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Medical University of Vienna , Austria
| | - Gerald Stöber
- d Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics , University of Würzburg , Germany
| | - Florence Thibaut
- j Department of Psychiatry , University Hospital Cochin (Site Tarnier), University of Paris-Descartes, INSERM U 894 Centre Psychiatry and Neurosciences , Paris , France
| | - Peter Riederer
- k Center of Psychic Health; Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Wuerzburg , Germany
| | - Peter Falkai
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , LMU Munich , Germany
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Kim LH, Park BL, Cheong HS, Namgoong S, Kim JO, Kim JH, Shin JG, Park CS, Kim BJ, Kim JW, Choi IG, Hwang J, Shin HD, Woo SI. Genome-wide association study with the risk of schizophrenia in a Korean population. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2016; 171B:257-65. [PMID: 26531332 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is regarded as a multifactorial and polygenic brain disorder that is attributed to different combinations of genetic and environmental risk factors. Recently, several genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of schizophrenia have identified numerous risk factors, but the replication results remain controversial and ambiguous. To identify schizophrenia susceptibility loci in the Korean population, we performed a GWAS using the Illumina HumanOmni1-Quad V1.0 Microarray. We genotyped 1,140,419 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 350 Korea schizophrenia patients and 700 control subjects, and approximately 620,001 autosomal SNPs were passed our quality control. In the case-control analysis, the rs9607195 A>G on intergenic area 250 kb away from the ISX gene and the rs12738007 A>G on the intron of the MECR gene were the most strongly associated SNPs with the risk of schizophrenia (P = 6.2 × 10(-8) , OR = 0.50 and P = 3.7 × 10(-7) , OR = 2.39, respectively). In subsequent fine-mapping analysis, 6 SNPs of MECR were genotyped with 310 schizophrenia patients and 604 control subjects. The association of the MECR rs12738007, a top ranked-SNP in GWAS, was replicated (P = 1.5 × 10(-2) , OR = 1.53 in fine mapping analysis, P = 1.5 × 10(-6) , OR = 1.90 in combined analysis). The identification of putative schizophrenia susceptibility loci could provide new insights into genetic factors related with schizophrenia and clues for the development of diagnosis strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyoung Hyo Kim
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Lae Park
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sub Cheong
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhg Namgoong
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji On Kim
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Gon Shin
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Soo Park
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang Nam Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang Nam Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Kim
- Division of Life Science, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-ro, Gyeongsang Nam Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ihn-Geun Choi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University, Han-Gang Sacred Heart Hospital, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeuk Hwang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Doo Shin
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Il Woo
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ma Y, Li J, Yu H, Wang L, Lu T, Pan C, Han Y, Zhang D, Yue W. Association of chromosome 5q21.3 polymorphisms with the exploratory eye movement dysfunction in schizophrenia. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10299. [PMID: 26242244 PMCID: PMC4533163 DOI: 10.1038/srep10299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia patients show abnormalities in many eye movement tasks. Among them, exploratory eye movements (EEM) dysfunction seems to be specific to schizophrenia. However the mechanism of EEM disturbances in schizophrenia patients remains elusive. We investigate the relationship between EEM and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or genes to identify susceptibility loci for EEM in schizophrenia. We firstly performed EEM test, then performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and gene-based association study of EEM in 128 individuals with schizophrenia and 143 healthy control subjects. Comparing to healthy controls, schizophrenia patients show significant decrease in NEF (22.99 ± 3.96 vs. 26.02 ± 5.72, P <0.001), TESL (368.78 ± 123.57 vs. 603.12 ± 178.63, P <0.001), MESL (16.86 ± 5.27 vs. 24.42 ± 6.46, P <0.001), RSS (8.22 ± 1.56 vs. 10.92 ± 1.09, P <0.001), and CSS (5.06 ± 0.97 vs. 6.64 ± 0.87, P <0.001). Five SNPs of the MAN2A1, at 5q21.3, were associated with EEM abnormalities (deceased CSS) and satisfied the criteria of GWAS significance threshold. One is localized near 5'-UTR (rs17450784) and four are in intron (rs1438663, rs17162094, rs6877440 and rs10067856) of the gene. Our findings suggest that the identified loci may control the schizophrenia-related quantitative EEM trait. And the identified gene, associated with the EEM phenotype, may lead to new insights into the etiology of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlin Ma
- 1] Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China [2] Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jun Li
- 1] Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China [2] Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hao Yu
- 1] Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China [2] Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, 100191, China [3] School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China [4] Peking University-Tsinghua University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lifang Wang
- 1] Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China [2] Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tianlan Lu
- 1] Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China [2] Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chao Pan
- 1] Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China [2] Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yonghua Han
- 1] Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China [2] Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Dai Zhang
- 1] Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China [2] Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, 100191, China [3] School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China [4] Peking University-Tsinghua University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China [5] PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weihua Yue
- 1] Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China [2] Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, 100191, China
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BAE JOONSEOL, KIM JASONYONGHA, PARK BYUNGLAE, CHEONG HYUNSUB, KIM JEONGHYUN, NAMGOONG SUHG, KIM JION, PARK CHULSOO, KIM BONGJO, LEE CHEOLSOON, LEE MIGYUNG, CHOI WOOHYUK, SHIN TAEMIN, HWANG JAEUK, SHIN HYOUNGDOO, WOO SUNGIL. Investigating the potential genetic association between RANBP9 polymorphisms and the risk of schizophrenia. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:2975-80. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.3045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Association of variants in DRD2 and GRM3 with motor and cognitive function in first-episode psychosis. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2014; 264:345-55. [PMID: 24682224 PMCID: PMC4290665 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-013-0464-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Similar smooth pursuit eye tracking dysfunctions are present across psychotic disorders. They include pursuit initiation and maintenance deficits that implicate different functional brain systems. This candidate gene study examined psychosis-related genotypes regulating dopamine and glutamate neurotransmission in relation to these pursuit deficits. One hundred and thirty-eight untreated first-episode patients with a psychotic disorder were genotyped for four markers in DRD2 and four markers in GRM3. The magnitude of eye movement abnormality in patients was defined in relation to performance of matched healthy controls (N = 130). Eighty three patients were followed after 6 weeks of antipsychotic treatment. At baseline, patients with a -141C deletion in DRD2 rs1799732 had slower initiation eye velocity and longer pursuit latency than CC insertion carriers. Further, GRM3 rs274622_CC carriers had poorer pursuit maintenance than T-carriers. Antipsychotic treatment resulted in prolonged pursuit latency in DRD2 rs1799732_CC insertion carriers and a decline in pursuit maintenance in GRM3 rs6465084_GG carriers. The present study demonstrates for the first time that neurophysiological measures of motor and neurocognitive deficits in patients with psychotic disorders have different associations with genes regulating dopamine and glutamate systems, respectively. Alterations in striatal D2 receptor activity through the -141C Ins/Del polymorphism could contribute to pursuit initiation deficits in psychotic disorders. Alterations in GRM3 coding for the mGluR3 protein may impair pursuit maintenance by compromising higher perceptual and cognitive processes that depend on optimal glutamate signaling in corticocortical circuits. DRD2 and GRM3 genotypes also selectively modulated the severity of adverse motor and neurocognitive changes resulting from antipsychotic treatment.
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Ellegood J, Markx S, Lerch J, Steadman P, Genç C, Provenzano F, Kushner S, Henkelman R, Karayiorgou M, Gogos J. Neuroanatomical phenotypes in a mouse model of the 22q11.2 microdeletion. Mol Psychiatry 2014; 19:99-107. [PMID: 23999526 PMCID: PMC3872255 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2013.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent deletions at the 22q11.2 locus have been established as a strong genetic risk factor for the development of schizophrenia and cognitive dysfunction. Individuals with 22q11.2 deletions have a range of well-defined volumetric abnormalities in a number of critical brain structures. A mouse model of the 22q11.2 deletion (Df(16)A(+/-)) has previously been utilized to characterize disease-associated abnormalities on synaptic, cellular, neurocircuitry, and behavioral levels. We performed a high-resolution MRI analysis of mutant mice compared with wild-type littermates. Our analysis revealed a striking similarity in the specific volumetric changes of Df(16)A(+/-) mice compared with human 22q11.2 deletion carriers, including in cortico-cerebellar, cortico-striatal and cortico-limbic circuits. In addition, higher resolution magnetic resonance imaging compared with neuroimaging in human subjects allowed the detection of previously unknown subtle local differences. The cerebellar findings in Df(16)A(+/-) mice are particularly instructive as they are localized to specific areas within both the deep cerebellar nuclei and the cerebellar cortex. Our study indicates that the Df(16)A(+/-)mouse model recapitulates most of the hallmark neuroanatomical changes observed in 22q11.2 deletion carriers. Our findings will help guide the design and interpretation of additional complementary studies and thereby advance our understanding of the abnormal brain development underlying the emergence of 22q11.2 deletion-associated psychiatric and cognitive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Ellegood
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S. Markx
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - J.P. Lerch
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - P.E. Steadman
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - C. Genç
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - F Provenzano
- Department of Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - S.A. Kushner
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - R.M. Henkelman
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - M. Karayiorgou
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - J.A. Gogos
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Cacabelos R, Cacabelos P, Aliev G. Genomics of schizophrenia and pharmacogenomics of antipsychotic drugs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/ojpsych.2013.31008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Bae JS, Pasaje CFA, Park BL, Cheong HS, Kim JH, Kim JY, Shin JG, Park CS, Kim BJ, Lee CS, Lee M, Choi WH, Shin TM, Hwang J, Shin HD, Woo SI. Genetic association analysis of ERBB4 polymorphisms with the risk of schizophrenia and SPEM abnormality in a Korean population. Brain Res 2012; 1466:146-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 05/05/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Pasaje CFA, Bae JS, Park BL, Park CS, Kim BJ, Lee CS, Kim JW, Choi WH, Shin TM, Koh IS, Choi IG, Woo SL, Shin HD. Lack of association of the RTN4R genetic variations with risk of schizophrenia and SPEM abnormality in a Korean population. Psychiatry Res 2011; 189:312-4. [PMID: 21377214 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2011.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2010] [Revised: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 02/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the association of the reticulon 4 receptor (RTN4R) gene with schizophrenia and smooth pursuit eye movement (SPEM) abnormality in a Korean population. Although we failed to provide convincing evidence that RTN4R is associated with schizophrenia development and SPEM impairment, our findings may be useful for further genetic studies.
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Pasaje CF, Bae JS, Park BL, Cheong HS, Kim JH, Park TJ, Lee JS, Kim Y, Park CS, Kim BJ, Cha B, Kim JW, Choi WH, Shin TM, Choi IG, Hwang J, Shin HD, Woo SI. Neuregulin 3 does not confer risk for schizophrenia and smooth pursuit eye movement abnormality in a Korean population. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2011; 10:828-33. [PMID: 21762460 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-183x.2011.00722.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Located on chromosome 10q22-q23, the human neuregulin3 (NRG3) is considered to be a strong positional and functional candidate gene for schizophrenia pathogenesis. Several case-control studies examining the association of polymorphisms in NRG3 with schizophrenia and/or related traits such as delusion have been reported recently in cohorts of Han Chinese, Ashkenazi Jews, Australians and white Americans of Western European ancestry. Thus, this study aimed to comprehensively investigate the association of NRG3 genetic variations with the risk of schizophrenia and smooth pursuit eye movement (SPEM) abnormality in a Korean population. Using TaqMan assay, six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the intronic region of NRG3 were genotyped and two major haplotypes were identified in 435 patients with schizophrenia as cases and 393 unrelated healthy individuals as controls. A total of 113 schizophrenia patients underwent an eye tracking task, and degree of SPEM abnormality was measured using the logarithmic values of the signal/noise (Ln S/N) ratio. Differences in frequency distributions were analyzed using logistic and regression models following various modes of genetic inheritance and controlling for age and sex as covariates. Subsequent analysis revealed that the frequency distributions of NRG3 polymorphisms and haplotypes were similar between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls of Korean ethnicity. Furthermore, no significant differences were observed between the genetic variants tested for SPEM abnormality. By elucidating a lack of association in a Korean population, findings from this study may contribute to the understanding of the genetic etiology focusing on the role of NRG3 in schizophrenia pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-F Pasaje
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Gong P, Li J, Chi W, Wang J, Yao T, Zhang K, Gao X, Zhang F. Variants in COMT and DBH Influence on Response Inhibition Ability in Chinese Han Females. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2011; 31:1163-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-011-9717-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Cheong HS, Park BL, Kim EM, Park CS, Sohn JW, Kim BJ, Kim JW, Kim KH, Shin TM, Choi IG, Han SW, Hwang J, Koh I, Shin HD, Woo SI. Association of RANBP1 haplotype with smooth pursuit eye movement abnormality. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2011; 156B:67-71. [PMID: 21184585 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.31139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a multifactorial disorder and smooth pursuit eye movement (SPEM) disturbance is proposed as one of the most consistent neurophysiological endophenotype in schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to examine the genetic association of RANBP1 polymorphisms with the risk of schizophrenia and with the risk of SPEM abnormality in schizophrenia patients in a Korean population. Two SNPs of RANBP1 were genotyped by TaqMan assay. Their genetic effect of single/haplotype polymorphisms on the risk of schizophrenia and SPEM abnormality from 354 patients and 396 controls were performed using χ² and multiple regression analyses. Although no RANBP1 polymorphisms were associated with the risk of schizophrenia, a common haplotype, RANBP1-ht2 (rs2238798G-rs175162T), showed significant association with the risk of SPEM abnormality among schizophrenia patients after multiple correction (P(corr) = 0.002-0.0003). The results of present study provide the evidence that RANBP1 on 22q11.21 locus might be causally related to the SPEM abnormality rather than the development of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Sub Cheong
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
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