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Alizadeh Pahlavani H. Possible role of exercise therapy on depression: Effector neurotransmitters as key players. Behav Brain Res 2024; 459:114791. [PMID: 38048912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
About 280 million people suffer from depression as the most common neurological disorder and the most common cause of death worldwide. Exercise with serotonin released in the brain by the 5-HT3-IGF-1 mechanism can lead to antidepressant effects. Swimming exercise has antidepressant effects by increasing the sensitivity of serotonin 5-HT2 receptors and postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors, increasing 5-HT and 5HIAA levels, increasing TPH and serotonin, and decreasing inflammatory levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α. Anaerobic and aerobic exercises increase beta-endorphin, enkephalin, and dynorphin and have antidepressant effects. Exercise by increasing dopamine, D1R, and D2R leads to the expression of BDNF and activation of TrkB and has antidepressant behavior. Exercise leads to a significant increase in GABAAR (γ2 and α2 subunits) and reduces neurodegenerative disorders caused by GABA imbalance through anti-inflammatory pathways. By increasing glutamate and PGC1α and reducing glutamatergic neurotoxicity, exercise enhances neurogenesis and synaptogenesis and prevents neurodegeneration and the onset of depression. Irisin release during exercise shows an important role in depression by increasing dopamine, BDNF, NGF, and IGF-1 and decreasing inflammatory mediators such as IL-6 and IL-1β. In addition, exercise-induced orexin and NPY can increase hippocampal neurogenesis and relieve depression. After exercise, the tryptophan to large neutral amino acids (TRP/LNAA) ratio and the tryptophan to branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) ratio increase, which may have antidepressant effects. The expression of M5 receptor and nAChR α7 increases after exercise and significantly increases dopamine and acetylcholine and ameliorates depression. It appears that during exercise, muscarinic receptors can reduce depression through dopamine in the absence of acetylcholine. Therefore, exercise can be used to reduce depression by affecting neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, cytokines, and/or neurotrophins.
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2
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Olivas-Cano I, Rodriguez-Andreu JM, Blasco-Ibañez JM, Crespo C, Nácher J, Varea E. Fluoxetine increased adult neurogenesis is mediated by 5-HT3 receptor. Neurosci Lett 2023; 795:137027. [PMID: 36566831 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.137027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis is an aspect of structural plasticity that remains active during adulthood in some brain regions. One of them is the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Adult neurogenesis is reduced by different factors and in disorders of the CNS, including major depression. Antidepressant treatments, such as chronic fluoxetine administration, recover the normal level of adult neurogenesis. Fluoxetine treatment increases the free concentration of the neurotransmitter serotonin and this monoamine is implicated in the regulation of the neurogenic process; however, the target of the action of this neurotransmitter has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we have tried to determine the relevance of the serotonin receptor 3 (5-HT3) in the hippocampal neurogenesis of adult rats. We have used fluorescent immunohistochemistry to study the expression of the 5-HT3 receptor in different neurogenesis stages in the SGZ, identifying its expression in stem cells, amplifying neural progenitors and immature neurons. Moreover, we have studied the impact of a 5-HT3 antagonist (ondansetron) in the fluoxetine-induced adult neurogenesis. We observed that fluoxetine alone increases the number of both proliferating cells (ki67 positive) and immature neurons (DCX positive) in the SGZ. By contrast, co-treatment with ondansetron blocked the increase in proliferation and neurogenesis. This study demonstrates that the activation of 5-HT3 receptors is necessary for the increase of adult neurogenesis induced by fluoxetine.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Olivas-Cano
- Neurobiology Unit, Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Spain
| | - J M Rodriguez-Andreu
- Neurobiology Unit, Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Spain
| | - J M Blasco-Ibañez
- Neurobiology Unit, Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Spain
| | - C Crespo
- Neurobiology Unit, Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Spain
| | - J Nácher
- Neurobiology Unit, Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Spain; CIBERSAM, Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Research of the Clinic Hospital from Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - E Varea
- Neurobiology Unit, Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Spain.
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3
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Nakamura Y, Sumi T, Mitani O, Okamoto T, Kubo E, Masui K, Kondo M, Koyama Y, Usui N, Shimada S. SR 57227A, a serotonin type-3 receptor agonist, as a candidate analgesic agent targeting nociplastic pain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 622:143-148. [PMID: 35863088 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Pain is influenced by various factors, such as fear, anxiety, and memory. We previously reported that pain-like behaviors in mice can be induced by environmental cues in which a pain stimulus was previously presented, and that pain was reduced using fentanyl (an opioid). Although opioid analgesics are currently used to treat persistent pain, their inappropriate use causes a significant number of deaths in the United States. Thus, alternative medicines to opioids are needed. Here, we reported that SR 57227A, a serotonin type-3 receptor agonist, significantly reduced pain-like behaviors. The number of c-Fos positive cells increased by environmental cues in PFC was decreased by SR 57227A. Moreover, SR 57227A reduced pain-like behaviors of the formalin test, and restored reductions in paw withdrawal thresholds by acidic saline intramuscular injection and sciatic nerve ligation. Unlike opioids, SR 57227A induced no preference behaviors as measured by the conditioned place preference test. These data suggested that SR 57227A is an effective alternative pain reliever to opioids that targets chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Nakamura
- Department of Novel Diagnosis and Treatment Division, Addiction Research Unit, Osaka Psychiatric Medical Center, Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, 3-1-69, Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8569, Japan; Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Takuya Sumi
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Osamu Mitani
- Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Drug Discovery and Research Division, 2-2-18, Imazu-Naka, Tsurumi-ku, Osaka, 538-0042, Japan.
| | - Takashi Okamoto
- Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Drug Discovery and Research Division, 2-2-18, Imazu-Naka, Tsurumi-ku, Osaka, 538-0042, Japan.
| | - Erika Kubo
- Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Drug Discovery and Research Division, 2-2-18, Imazu-Naka, Tsurumi-ku, Osaka, 538-0042, Japan.
| | - Kuniharu Masui
- Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Drug Discovery and Research Division, 2-2-18, Imazu-Naka, Tsurumi-ku, Osaka, 538-0042, Japan.
| | - Makoto Kondo
- Department of Novel Diagnosis and Treatment Division, Addiction Research Unit, Osaka Psychiatric Medical Center, Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, 3-1-69, Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8569, Japan; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Yoshihisa Koyama
- Department of Novel Diagnosis and Treatment Division, Addiction Research Unit, Osaka Psychiatric Medical Center, Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, 3-1-69, Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8569, Japan; Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Noriyoshi Usui
- Department of Novel Diagnosis and Treatment Division, Addiction Research Unit, Osaka Psychiatric Medical Center, Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, 3-1-69, Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8569, Japan; Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Shoichi Shimada
- Department of Novel Diagnosis and Treatment Division, Addiction Research Unit, Osaka Psychiatric Medical Center, Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, 3-1-69, Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8569, Japan; Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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4
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Cheng Z, Su J, Zhang K, Jiang H, Li B. Epigenetic Mechanism of Early Life Stress-Induced Depression: Focus on the Neurotransmitter Systems. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:929732. [PMID: 35865627 PMCID: PMC9294154 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.929732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression has an alarmingly high prevalence worldwide. A growing body of evidence indicates that environmental factors significantly affect the neural development and function of the central nervous system and then induce psychiatric disorders. Early life stress (ELS) affects brain development and has been identified as a major cause of depression. It could promote susceptibility to stress in adulthood. Recent studies have found that ELS induces epigenetic changes that subsequently affect transcriptional rates of differentially expressed genes. The epigenetic modifications involved in ELS include histone modifications, DNA methylation, and non-coding RNA. Understanding of these genetic modifications may identify mechanisms that may lead to new interventions for the treatment of depression. Many reports indicate that different types of ELS induce epigenetic modifications of genes involved in the neurotransmitter systems, such as the dopaminergic system, the serotonergic system, the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic system, and the glutamatergic system, which further regulate gene expression and ultimately induce depression-like behaviors. In this article, we review the effects of epigenetic modifications on the neurotransmitter systems in depression-like outcomes produced by different types of ELS in recent years, aiming to provide new therapeutic targets for patients who suffer from depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqian Cheng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Lab on Screening of Antidepressant Drugs, Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, China
| | - Jingyun Su
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Lab on Screening of Antidepressant Drugs, Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huiyi Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Huiyi Jiang, ; Bingjin Li,
| | - Bingjin Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Lab on Screening of Antidepressant Drugs, Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Huiyi Jiang, ; Bingjin Li,
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Razi O, Tartibian B, Laher I, Govindasamy K, Zamani N, Rocha-Rodrigues S, Suzuki K, Zouhal H. Multimodal Benefits of Exercise in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and COVID-19. Front Physiol 2022; 13:783251. [PMID: 35492581 PMCID: PMC9048028 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.783251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease characterized by plaque formation and neuroinflammation. The plaques can present in various locations, causing a variety of clinical symptoms in patients with MS. Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is also associated with systemic inflammation and a cytokine storm which can cause plaque formation in several areas of the brain. These concurring events could exacerbate the disease burden of MS. We review the neuro-invasive properties of SARS-CoV-2 and the possible pathways for the entry of the virus into the central nervous system (CNS). Complications due to this viral infection are similar to those occurring in patients with MS. Conditions related to MS which make patients more susceptible to viral infection include inflammatory status, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, function of CNS cells, and plaque formation. There are also psychoneurological and mood disorders associated with both MS and COVID-19 infections. Finally, we discuss the effects of exercise on peripheral and central inflammation, BBB integrity, glia and neural cells, and remyelination. We conclude that moderate exercise training prior or after infection with SARS-CoV-2 can produce health benefits in patients with MS patients, including reduced mortality and improved physical and mental health of patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Razi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bakhtyar Tartibian
- Department of Sports Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Karuppasamy Govindasamy
- Department of Physical Education & Sports Science, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Nastaran Zamani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Payame-Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Silvia Rocha-Rodrigues
- Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Quinta de Prados, Edifício Ciências de Desporto, Vila Real, Portugal
- Tumor & Microenvironment Interactions Group, i3S, Porto, Portugal
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
- *Correspondence: Katsuhiko Suzuki, ; Hassane Zouhal,
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
- Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), Irodouer, France
- *Correspondence: Katsuhiko Suzuki, ; Hassane Zouhal,
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6
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Ebrahimnejad M, Azizi P, Alipour V, Zarrindast MR, Vaseghi S. Complicated Role of Exercise in Modulating Memory: A Discussion of the Mechanisms Involved. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1477-1490. [PMID: 35195832 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03552-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Evidence has shown the beneficial effects of exercise on learning and memory. However, many studies have reported controversial results, indicating that exercise can impair learning and memory. In this article, we aimed to review basic studies reporting inconsistent complicated effects of exercise on memory in rodents. Also, we discussed the mechanisms involved in the effects of exercise on memory processes. In addition, we tried to find scientific answers to justify the inconsistent results. In this article, the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (involved in synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis), and vascular endothelial growth factor, nerve growth factor, insulin-like growth factor 1, inflammatory markers, apoptotic factors, and antioxidant system was discussed in the modulation of exercise effects on memory. The role of intensity and duration of exercise, and type of memory task was also investigated. We also mentioned to the interaction of exercise with the function of neurotransmitter systems, which complicates the prediction of exercise effect via altering the level of BDNF. Eventually, we suggested that changes in the function of neurotransmitter systems following different types of exercise (depending on exercise intensity or age of onset) should be investigated in further studies. It seems that exercise-induced changes in the function of neurotransmitter systems may have a stronger role than age, type of memory task, or exercise intensity in modulating memory. Importantly, high levels of interactions between neurotransmitter systems and BDNF play a critical role in the modulation of exercise effects on memory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Ebrahimnejad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paniz Azizi
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahide Alipour
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, P.O. Box: 1419815477, Karaj, Iran.
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7
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Jennen L, Mazereel V, Lecei A, Samaey C, Vancampfort D, van Winkel R. Exercise to spot the differences: a framework for the effect of exercise on hippocampal pattern separation in humans. Rev Neurosci 2022; 33:555-582. [PMID: 35172422 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Exercise has a beneficial effect on mental health and cognitive functioning, but the exact underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this review, we focus on the effect of exercise on hippocampal pattern separation, which is a key component of episodic memory. Research has associated exercise with improvements in pattern separation. We propose an integrated framework mechanistically explaining this relationship. The framework is divided into three pathways, describing the pro-neuroplastic, anti-inflammatory and hormonal effects of exercise. The pathways are heavily intertwined and may result in functional and structural changes in the hippocampus. These changes can ultimately affect pattern separation through direct and indirect connections. The proposed framework might guide future research on the effect of exercise on pattern separation in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Jennen
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Center for Clinical Psychiatry, ON V Herestraat 49, bus 1029, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Victor Mazereel
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Center for Clinical Psychiatry, ON V Herestraat 49, bus 1029, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuvensesteenweg 517, 3070 Leuven-Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Aleksandra Lecei
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Center for Clinical Psychiatry, ON V Herestraat 49, bus 1029, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Celine Samaey
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Center for Clinical Psychiatry, ON V Herestraat 49, bus 1029, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuvensesteenweg 517, 3070 Leuven-Kortenberg, Belgium.,KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, ON IV Herestraat 49, bus 1510, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ruud van Winkel
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Center for Clinical Psychiatry, ON V Herestraat 49, bus 1029, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuvensesteenweg 517, 3070 Leuven-Kortenberg, Belgium
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8
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Yu Y, Li JJ, He XQ, Lai ZY, Hao R, Qi Y, Cao DQ, Fu M, Ma H, Xie QC, Sun M, Huang ZL, Jin LJ, Sun HH, Lu N, Wang R, Yung WH, Huang Y. 5-HT3Rs Maintain Hippocampal LTP in a CB1R-GABA A -Dependent Manner for Spatial Memory. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:2969-2985. [PMID: 34997582 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE As the only ionotropic receptor in 5-HT receptor family, 5-HT3 receptor (5-HT3R) involves in psychiatric disorders and its modulators have potential therapeutic effects for cognitive impairment in these disorders. However, it remains unclear how 5-HT3Rs shape synaptic plasticity for memory function. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Extracellular as well as whole-cell recordings were used to monitor hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and synaptic transmission in hippocampal slices from 5-HT3AR knock-out or 5-HT3AR-GFP mice. Immunocytochemistry, qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to measure receptor expression. We also assessed hippocampal dependent cognition and memory using the Morris water maze (MWM) and novel object recognition. KEY RESULTS We found that 5-HT3R dysfunction impaired hippocampal LTP in Schaffer collateral (SC)-CA1 pathway in hippocampal slices by facilitating GABAergic inputs in pyramidal cells. This effect was dependent on 5-HT3Rs on axon-terminals. It resulted from reduced expression and function of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) co-localized with 5-HT3Rs on axon terminals, which led to diminishment of tonic inhibition of GABA release by CB1Rs. Inhibition of CB1Rs mimicked the facilitation of GABAergic transmission by 5-HT3R disruption. Consequently, mice with hippocampal 5-HT3R disruption exhibited impaired spatial memory in Morris water maze tasks. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These results suggest that 5-HT3Rs are crucial in enabling hippocampal synaptic plasticity via a novel CB1R-GABAA -dependent pathway to regulate spatial memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Qian He
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Ying Lai
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Hao
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Qi
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Qing Cao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Fu
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiu-Chen Xie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mu Sun
- GeneScience Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Li Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling-Jing Jin
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wing-Ho Yung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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9
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Iwata N, Kobayashi D, Kawashiri T, Kubota T, Kawano K, Yamamuro Y, Miyagi A, Deguchi Y, Chijimatsu T, Shimazoe T. Mechanisms and safety of antidepressant-like effect of nutmeg in mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:738-742. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-01059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Iwata
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Daisuke Kobayashi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Takehiro Kawashiri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Toshio Kubota
- Center of Pharmaceutical Care for Community Health, Daiichi University of Pharmacy
| | - Kotomi Kawano
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Yuki Yamamuro
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Anna Miyagi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Yuya Deguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University
| | | | - Takao Shimazoe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
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10
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Fan Y, Zhang L, Kong X, Liu K, Wu H. Different Exercise Time on 5-HT and Anxiety-like Behavior in the Rat With Vascular Dementia. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2022; 37:15333175221082743. [PMID: 35344444 PMCID: PMC10581105 DOI: 10.1177/15333175221082743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that pre-exercise suppresses anxiety-like behavior, but the effects of different exercise times on vascular dementia induced anxiety-like behavior have not been well investigated. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to investigate the underlying neurochemical mechanism of different pre-vascular-dementia exercise times on 5-HT and anxiety-like behavior in rats with vascular dementia. METHODS 32 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham group (S group, n = 8), vascular dementia group (VD group, n = 8), 1-week physical exercise and vascular dementia group (1WVD group, n = 8), and 4 weeks physical exercise and vascular dementia group (4WVD group, n = 8). 1 week and 4 weeks of voluntary wheel running were used as pre-exercise training. The vascular dementia model was established by bilateral common carotid arteries occlusion (BCCAo) for 1 week. But bilateral common carotid arteries were not ligated in the sham group. The level of hippocampal 5-HT was detected with in vivo microdialysis coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (MD-HPLC). Elevated plus maze (EPM), open field (OF), and light/dark box test were used to test anxiety-like behavior. RESULTS Compared with the C group, the hippocampal 5-HT was significantly decreased in the VD group after 1 week of ligated operation. The hippocampal 5-HT levels in 1WVD and 4WVD groups were substantially higher than the level in the VD group. The hippocampal 5-HT level has no significant difference among C, 1WVD, and 4WVD. Behavioral data suggested that the rats in the VD group developed obvious anxiety-like behavior after 1 week of ligation surgery. Still, the rats in 1WVD and 4WVD groups did not show significant anxiety-like behavior. CONCLUSION Both 1 week and 4 weeks of voluntary running wheel exercise can inhibit the anxiety-like behavior in rats with vascular dementia by upregulating 5-HT levels in the hippocampus in the VD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhao Fan
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Sports Ability Evaluation and Research of the General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Function Assessment and Technical Analysis, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Sport and Health Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyang Kong
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Sports Ability Evaluation and Research of the General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Function Assessment and Technical Analysis, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Sports Ability Evaluation and Research of the General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Function Assessment and Technical Analysis, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Brain Peace Science Foundation, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Sports Ability Evaluation and Research of the General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Function Assessment and Technical Analysis, Beijing, 100191, China
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11
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Irving H, Turek I, Kettle C, Yaakob N. Tapping into 5-HT 3 Receptors to Modify Metabolic and Immune Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111910. [PMID: 34769340 PMCID: PMC8584345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptors are ligand gated ion channels, which clearly distinguish their mode of action from the other G-protein coupled 5-HT or serotonin receptors. 5-HT3 receptors are well established targets for emesis and gastrointestinal mobility and are used as adjunct targets in treating schizophrenia. However, the distribution of these receptors is wider than the nervous system and there is potential that these additional sites can be targeted to modulate inflammatory and/or metabolic conditions. Recent progress in structural biology and pharmacology of 5-HT3 receptors have provided profound insights into mechanisms of their action. These advances, combined with insights into clinical relevance of mutations in genes encoding 5-HT3 subunits and increasing understanding of their implications in patient's predisposition to diseases and response to the treatment, open new avenues for personalized precision medicine. In this review, we recap on the current status of 5-HT3 receptor-based therapies using a biochemical and physiological perspective. We assess the potential for targeting 5-HT3 receptors in conditions involving metabolic or inflammatory disorders based on recent findings, underscoring the challenges and limitations of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Irving
- Department of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC 3550, Australia; (I.T.); (C.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ilona Turek
- Department of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC 3550, Australia; (I.T.); (C.K.)
| | - Christine Kettle
- Department of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC 3550, Australia; (I.T.); (C.K.)
| | - Nor Yaakob
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia;
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12
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Tomiga Y, Sakai K, Ra SG, Kusano M, Ito A, Uehara Y, Takahashi H, Kawanaka K, Soejima H, Higaki Y. Short-term running exercise alters DNA methylation patterns in neuronal nitric oxide synthase and brain-derived neurotrophic factor genes in the mouse hippocampus and reduces anxiety-like behaviors. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21767. [PMID: 34325488 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100630r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Running exercise has beneficial effects on brain health. However, the effects of relatively short-term running exercise (STEx) on behavior, and its underlying signaling pathways, are poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated the possibility that the regulation by STEx of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS, encoded by NOS1), which are important molecules for anxiety regulation, might involve mechanisms of epigenetic modification, such as DNA methylation. C57BL/6J male mice were divided into sedentary (SED, n = 12) and STEx (EX, n = 15) groups; STEx was conducted with the mice for a duration of 11 days. STEx reduced anxiety-like behaviors, and STEx reduced Nos1α and increased Bdnf exon I and IV mRNA levels in the hippocampus. Interestingly, behavioral parameters were associated with Bdnf exon I and IV and Nos1α mRNA levels in the ventral, but not dorsal, hippocampal region. However, STEx had no effect on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (Pgc-1α) or fibronectin type III domain-containing 5 (Fndc5) mRNA levels, which are relatively long-term exercise-induced upstream regulators of BDNF. In parallel with gene expression changes, we found, for the first time, that STEx downregulated Bdnf promoter IV and upregulated Nos1 DNA methylation levels in the hippocampus, and these patterns were partially different between the dorsal and ventral regions. These findings suggest that the beneficial effects of running exercise on mood regulation may be controlled by alterations in epigenetic mechanisms, especially in the ventral hippocampus. These effects occur even after a relatively short-term period of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tomiga
- The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Sakai
- Graduate School of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Song-Gyu Ra
- The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Institute of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.,Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaki Kusano
- Graduate School of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ai Ito
- The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Uehara
- The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Takahashi
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Liver Center, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kawanaka
- The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Soejima
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yasuki Higaki
- The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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13
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Ohata K, Kondo M, Ozono Y, Hanada Y, Sato T, Inohara H, Shimada S. Cochlear protection against noise exposure requires serotonin type 3A receptor via the medial olivocochlear system. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21486. [PMID: 33811700 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002383r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The cochlear efferent feedback system plays important roles in auditory processing, including regulation of the dynamic range of hearing, and provides protection against acoustic trauma. These functions are performed through medial olivocochlear (MOC) neurons. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. The serotonin type 3A (5-HT3A) receptor is widely expressed throughout the nervous system, which suggests important roles in various neural functions. However, involvement of the 5-HT3A receptor in the MOC system remains unclear. We used mice in this study and found that the 5-HT3A receptor was expressed in MOC neurons that innervated outer hair cells in the cochlea and was involved in the activation of MOC neurons by noise exposure. 5-HT3A receptor knockout impaired MOC functions, potentiated noise-induced hearing loss, and increased loss of ribbon synapses following noise exposure. Furthermore, 5-HT3 receptor agonist treatment alleviated the noise-induced hearing loss and loss of ribbon synapses, which enhanced cochlear protection provided by the MOC system. Our findings demonstrate that the 5-HT3A receptor plays fundamental roles in the MOC system and critically contributes to protection from noise-induced hearing impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Ohata
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Makoto Kondo
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Addiction Research Unit, Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, Osaka Psychiatric Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ozono
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yukiko Hanada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Takashi Sato
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hidenori Inohara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Shoichi Shimada
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Addiction Research Unit, Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, Osaka Psychiatric Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
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14
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Wilson C, Rogers J, Chen F, Li S, Adlard PA, Hannan AJ, Renoir T. Exercise ameliorates aberrant synaptic plasticity without enhancing adult-born cell survival in the hippocampus of serotonin transporter knockout mice. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:1991-1999. [PMID: 34052925 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02283-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Deficits in hippocampal cellular and synaptic plasticity are frequently associated with cognitive and mood disorders, and indeed common mechanisms of antidepressants are thought to involve neuroplastic processes. Here, we investigate hippocampal adult-born cell survival and synaptic plasticity (long-term potentiation, LTP, and long-term depression, LTD) in serotonin transporter (5-HTT) knockout (KO) mice. From 8 weeks of age, mice either continued in standard-housing conditions or were given access to voluntary running wheels for 1 month. Electrophysiology was performed on hippocampal slices to measure LTP and LTD, and immunohistochemistry was used to assess cell proliferation and subsequent survival in the dentate gyrus. The results revealed a reduced LTP in 5-HTT KO mice that was restored to wild-type (WT) levels after chronic exercise. While LTD appeared normal in 5-HTT KO, exercise decreased the magnitude of LTD in both WT and 5-HTT KO mice. Furthermore, although 5-HTT KO mice had normal hippocampal adult-born cell survival, they did not benefit from the pro-proliferative effects of exercise observed in WT animals. Taken together, these findings suggest that reduced 5-HTT expression is associated with significant alterations to functional neuroplasticity. Interestingly, 5-HTT appeared necessary for exercise-induced augmentation of adult-born hippocampal cell survival, yet exercise corrected the LTP impairment displayed by 5-HTT KO mice. Together, our findings further highlight the salience of serotonergic signalling in mediating the neurophysiological benefits of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carey Wilson
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Jake Rogers
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Feng Chen
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Shanshan Li
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Paul A Adlard
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anthony J Hannan
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thibault Renoir
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia. .,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia.
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15
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Ma C, Ma L, Helwan A, Ma’aitah MKS, Jami SA, Mobarak SA, Das NK, Haque MA. An online survey and review about the awareness, coping style, and exercise behavior during the "COVID-19 pandemic situation" by implementing the cloud-based medical treatment technology system in China among the public. Sci Prog 2021; 104:368504211000889. [PMID: 33827338 PMCID: PMC10358548 DOI: 10.1177/00368504211000889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To examine basic COVID-19 knowledge, coping style and exercise behavior among the public including government-provided medical cloud system treatment app based on the internet during the outbreak. Besides, to provide references for developing targeted strategies and measures on prevention and control of COVID-19. We conducted an online survey from 11th to 15th March 2020 via WeChat App using a designed questionnaire. As well as aim to diagnose COVID-19 earlier and to improve its treatment by applying medical technology, the "COVID-19 Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Assistant Program (nCapp)" based on the Internet of Things. Valid information was collected from 1893 responders (47.07% males and 52.93% females aged 18-80 years, with a mean age of 31.05 ± 9.86) in 20 provincial-level regions across China. From the responders, 92.90% and 34.81% were scaled pass and good and above scores for the knowledge about the novel coronavirus epidemic. 38.44% were scaled poor scores and only 5.40% were scaled good and above scores for appropriate behavior coping with the pandemic. Among the responders, 52.14% reported having active physical exercise in various places during the previous 1 week. For all the responders, appropriate behavior coping correlated positively with physical exercise (p < 0.05); the daily consumed time for getting the epidemic-related information correlated positively with the score for cognition on the epidemic's prevention measures (r = 0.111, p < 0.01) and on general knowledge about the epidemic (r = 0.087, p < 0.01). Targeted and multiple measures for guidance on the control of COVID-19 among the public should be promoted to improve the cognition on basic knowledge, behaviors and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihua Ma
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingxin Ma
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Abdulkader Helwan
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | | | - Sayed Abdulla Jami
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siam Al Mobarak
- 1st Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Niranta Kumar Das
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Md Ariful Haque
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yan’an Hospital Affiliate to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Elhadi M, Alsoufi A, Msherghi A, Alshareea E, Ashini A, Nagib T, Abuzid N, Abodabos S, Alrifai H, Gresea E, Yahya W, Ashour D, Abomengal S, Qarqab N, Albibas A, Anaiba M, Idheiraj H, Abraheem H, Fayyad M, Alkilani Y, Alsuwiyah S, Elghezewi A, Zaid A. Psychological Health, Sleep Quality, Behavior, and Internet Use Among People During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:632496. [PMID: 33868049 PMCID: PMC8044819 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.632496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in the risk of suicide, uncertainty, mental stress, terror, annoyance, weariness, financial issues, and frustration. We aim to determine the prevalence of insomnia, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and their associated factors among Libyan populations during the COVID-19 pandemic and the civil war. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among the Libyan population between July 18 and August 23, 2020. The data collected included basic demographic characteristics, level of education, employment status, COVID-19-related questions, and questions about abuse and domestic violence. This study assessed the psychological status of participants who were screened for anxiety symptoms using the seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7). Depressive symptoms were also screened for using the two-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Binomial logistic regression was used to predict the probability of insomnia, anxiety and depressive symptoms. Results: A total of 10,296 responses were recorded. Among the participants, 4,756 (46.2%) obtained a cut-off score of ≥ 3 which indicated depressive symptoms. For anxiety, 1,952 participants (19%) obtained a cut-off score of ≥ 15, which indicated anxiety symptoms. For the ISI, the mean (SD) was 11.4 (6.1) for the following categories: no clinical insomnia (0-7) 3,132 (30.4%), sub-threshold insomnia (1-7) 3,747 (36.4%), moderate severity clinical insomnia (8-14) 2,929 (28.4%), and severe clinical insomnia (15-21) 488 (4.7%). Logistic regression analysis showed that depressive symptoms were statistically associated with age, marital status, education level, occupational category, financial problems during the COVID-19 pandemic, health status, having a COVID-19 infection, current health status, suicide ideation, abuse or domestic violence, and lockdown compliance (p < 0.05). The regression analysis revealed a statistically significant association between anxiety symptoms and age, education level, occupational status, financial problems during the COVID-19 pandemic, having a COVID-19 infection, health status, suicide ideation, abuse or domestic violence, and lockdown compliance (p < 0.05). The regression analysis revealed a statistically significant association between insomnia and all study variables with the exception of age, educational level, and occupational status (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Confronted with the COVID-19 outbreak, the Libyan population exhibited high levels of psychological stress manifested in the form of depressive and anxiety symptoms, while one-third of the Libyan population suffered from clinical insomnia. Policymakers need to promote effective measures to reduce mental health issues and improve people's quality of life during the civil war and the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed Alsoufi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Ahmed Msherghi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | | | - Aimen Ashini
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Taha Nagib
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Nada Abuzid
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | | | - Hind Alrifai
- Faculty of Medicine, Libyan International Medical University, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Eman Gresea
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Wisal Yahya
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Duha Ashour
- Faculty of Medicine, Sabha University, Sabha, Libya
| | | | - Noura Qarqab
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Amel Albibas
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Mohamed Anaiba
- Internal Medicine, Misurata Central Hospital, Misurata, Libya
| | | | | | | | - Yosra Alkilani
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
| | | | | | - Ahmed Zaid
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
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A Bioinformatics Model of Human Diseases on the Basis of Differentially Expressed Genes (of Domestic Versus Wild Animals) That Are Orthologs of Human Genes Associated with Reproductive-Potential Changes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052346. [PMID: 33652917 PMCID: PMC7956675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Earlier, after our bioinformatic analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms of TATA-binding protein-binding sites within gene promoters on the human Y chromosome, we suggested that human reproductive potential diminishes during self-domestication. Here, we implemented bioinformatics models of human diseases using animal in vivo genome-wide RNA-Seq data to compare the effect of co-directed changes in the expression of orthologous genes on human reproductive potential and during the divergence of domestic and wild animals from their nearest common ancestor (NCA). For example, serotonin receptor 3A (HTR3A) deficiency contributes to sudden death in pregnancy, consistently with Htr3a underexpression in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) during their divergence from their NCA with cavy (C. aperea). Overall, 25 and three differentially expressed genes (hereinafter, DEGs) in domestic animals versus 11 and 17 DEGs in wild animals show the direction consistent with human orthologous gene-markers of reduced and increased reproductive potential. This indicates a reliable association between DEGs in domestic animals and human orthologous genes reducing reproductive potential (Pearson’s χ2 test p < 0.001, Fisher’s exact test p < 0.05, binomial distribution p < 0.0001), whereas DEGs in wild animals uniformly match human orthologous genes decreasing and increasing human reproductive potential (p > 0.1; binomial distribution), thus enforcing the norm (wild type).
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18
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Bladder urothelium converts bacterial lipopolysaccharide information into neural signaling via an ATP-mediated pathway to enhance the micturition reflex for rapid defense. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21167. [PMID: 33273625 PMCID: PMC7713076 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78398-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
When bacteria enter the bladder lumen, a first-stage active defensive mechanism flushes them out. Although urinary frequency induced by bacterial cystitis is a well-known defensive response against bacteria, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, using a mouse model of acute bacterial cystitis, we demonstrate that the bladder urothelium senses luminal extracellular bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) through Toll-like receptor 4 and releases the transmitter ATP. Moreover, analysis of purinergic P2X2 and P2X3 receptor-deficient mice indicated that ATP signaling plays a pivotal role in the LPS-induced activation of L6–S1 spinal neurons through the bladder afferent pathway, resulting in rapid onset of the enhanced micturition reflex. Thus, we revealed a novel defensive mechanism against bacterial infection via an epithelial-neural interaction that induces urinary frequency prior to bacterial clearance by neutrophils of the innate immune system. Our results indicate an important defense role for the bladder urothelium as a chemical-neural transducer, converting bacterial LPS information into neural signaling via an ATP-mediated pathway, with bladder urothelial cells acting as sensory receptor cells.
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19
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Gruhn K, Siteneski A, Camargo A, Freitas AE, Olescowicz G, Brocardo PS, Rodrigues ALS. Physical exercise stimulates hippocampal mTORC1 and FNDC5/irisin signaling pathway in mice: Possible implication for its antidepressant effect. Behav Brain Res 2020; 400:113040. [PMID: 33279634 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.113040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence have consistently indicated that physical exercise has antidepressant effects by improving hippocampal function, although the signaling pathways underpinning these responses are not well established. Therefore, this study investigated the role of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5)/irisin signaling in the antidepressant-like effect of physical exercise. We showed that physical exercise (treadmill running - 45 min/day/5 days/week for 4 weeks) produced an antidepressant-like effect as indicated by a reduction on the immobility time in mice subjected to the forced swimming test (FST) without altering locomotor activity in the open field test (OFT). Rapamycin (a selective mTORC1 inhibitor, 0.2 nmol/site, i.c.v.) administration completely abolished the antidepressant-like effect of physical exercise in the FST, suggesting that mTORC1 activation plays a role for its behavioral effect. Accordingly, physical exercise increased the number of phosphorylated mTORC1 (Ser2448)-positive cells in the entire and ventral subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Physical exercise was also effective in augmenting the hippocampal FNDC5/irisin immunocontent, but rapamycin administration did not alter this effect. Our results reinforce the notion that physical exercise exerts an antidepressant-like effect and identifies the mTORC1-mediated signaling pathway as a target for its behavioral effects. This study provides additional evidence that physical exercise increases hippocampal FNDC5/irisin immunocontent, but this effect seems to be independent on hippocampal mTORC1 activation. Altogether the results contribute to elucidate possible molecular targets implicated in the antidepressant effects of physical exercise and highlight the role of mTORC1 signaling for its behavioral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Gruhn
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Aline Siteneski
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Institute of Investigation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Technical University of Manabí, 130103, Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador
| | - Anderson Camargo
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Andiara E Freitas
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Olescowicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Patricia S Brocardo
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Beneficial effects of physical activity on depressive and OCD-like behaviors in the male offspring of morphine-abstinent rats. Brain Res 2020; 1744:146908. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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21
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Kim YK, Kim OY, Song J. Alleviation of Depression by Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Through the Regulation of Neuroinflammation, Neurotransmitters, Neurogenesis, and Synaptic Function. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1270. [PMID: 32922295 PMCID: PMC7456867 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression has emerged as a major cause of mortality globally. Many studies have reported risk factors and mechanisms associated with depression, but it is as yet unclear how these findings can be applied to the treatment and prevention of this disorder. The onset and recurrence of depression have been linked to diverse metabolic factors, including hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Recent studies have suggested that depression is accompanied by memory loss as well as depressive mood. Thus, many researchers have highlighted the relationship between depressive behavior and metabolic alterations from various perspectives. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which is secreted from gut cells and hindbrain areas, has been studied in metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes, and was shown to control glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. Recently, GLP-1 was highlighted as a regulator of diverse pathways, but its potential as the therapeutic target of depressive disorder was not described comprehensively. Therefore, in this review, we focused on the potential of GLP-1 modulation in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Kook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, South Korea
| | - Oh Yoen Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea.,Center for Silver-targeted Biomaterials, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Juhyun Song
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, South Korea
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22
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Psychological health, sleep quality, and coping styles to stress facing the COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:225. [PMID: 32647160 PMCID: PMC7347261 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-00913-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand Wuhan residents' psychological reactions to the COVID-19 epidemic and offer a reference point for interventions, an online questionnaire survey was conducted. It included the Disorder 7-Item Scale (GAD-7), the Patient Health Questionnaire 9-Item Scale (PHQ-9), Athens Insomnia Scale, and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire. Categorical data were reported as numbers and percentages. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between demographic factors and anxiety, depression, sleep disorder, and passive coping style. A total of 1242 Wuhan residents investigated, 27.5% had anxiety, 29.3% had depression, 30.0% had a sleep disorder, and 29.8% had a passive response to COVID-19. Being female was the risk factor for anxiety (OR = 1.62) and sleep disorder (OR = 1.36); being married was associated with anxiety (OR = 1.75); having a monthly income between 1000 and 5000 CNY (OR = 1.44, OR = 1.83, OR = 2.61) or >5000 CNY (OR = 1.47, OR = 1.45, OR = 2.14) was a risk factor for anxiety, depression, and sleep disorder; not exercising (OR = 1.45, OR = 1.71, OR = 1. 85, OR = 1.71) was a common risk factor for anxiety, depression, sleep disorder, and passive coping style; and having a higher education level (bachelor's degree and above) (OR = 1.40) was associated with having a sleep disorder. Wuhan residents' psychological status and sleep quality were relatively poorer than they were before the COVID-19 epidemic; however, the rate of passive coping to stress was relatively higher.
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23
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Tanaka T, Ito T, Sumizono M, Ono M, Kato N, Honma S, Ueno M. Combinational Approach of Genetic SHP-1 Suppression and Voluntary Exercise Promotes Corticospinal Tract Sprouting and Motor Recovery Following Brain Injury. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2020; 34:558-570. [PMID: 32441214 DOI: 10.1177/1545968320921827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background. Brain injury often causes severe motor dysfunction, leading to difficulties with living a self-reliant social life. Injured neural circuits must be reconstructed to restore functions, but the adult brain is limited in its ability to restore neuronal connections. The combination of molecular targeting, which enhances neural plasticity, and rehabilitative motor exercise is an important therapeutic approach to promote neuronal rewiring in the spared circuits and motor recovery. Objective. We tested whether genetic reduction of Src homology 2-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1), an inhibitor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) signaling, has synergistic effects with rehabilitative training to promote reorganization of motor circuits and functional recovery in a mouse model of brain injury. Methods. Rewiring of the corticospinal circuit was examined using neuronal tracers following unilateral cortical injury in control mice and in Shp-1 mutant mice subjected to voluntary exercise. Recovery of motor functions was assessed using motor behavior tests. Results. We found that rehabilitative exercise decreased SHP-1 and increased BDNF and TrkB expression in the contralesional motor cortex after the injury. Genetic reduction of SHP-1 and voluntary exercise significantly increased sprouting of corticospinal tract axons and enhanced motor recovery in the impaired forelimb. Conclusions. Our data demonstrate that combining voluntary exercise and SHP-1 suppression promotes motor recovery and neural circuit reorganization after brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Tanaka
- Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan.,Kindai University, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsufumi Ito
- Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Megumi Sumizono
- Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare, Tamana, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Munenori Ono
- Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kato
- Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Honma
- Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
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24
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Ceccarelli M, D’Andrea G, Micheli L, Tirone F. Interaction Between Neurogenic Stimuli and the Gene Network Controlling the Activation of Stem Cells of the Adult Neurogenic Niches, in Physiological and Pathological Conditions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:211. [PMID: 32318568 PMCID: PMC7154047 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In the adult mammalian brain new neurons are continuously generated throughout life in two niches, the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone. This process, called adult neurogenesis, starts from stem cells, which are activated and enter the cell cycle. The proliferative capability of stem cells progressively decreases during aging. The population of stem cells is generally quiescent, and it is not clear whether the potential for stem cells to expand is limited, or whether they can expand and then return to quiescence, remaining available for further activation. Certain conditions may deregulate stem cells quiescence and self-renewal. In fact we discuss the possibility of activation of stem cells by neurogenic stimuli as a function of the intensity of the stimulus (i.e., whether this is physiological or pathological), and of the deregulation of the system (i.e., whether the model is aged or carrying genetic mutations in the gene network controlling quiescence). It appears that when the system is aged and/or carrying mutations of quiescence-maintaining genes, preservation of the quiescent state of stem cells is more critical and stem cells can be activated by a neurogenic stimulus which is ineffective in normal conditions. Moreover, when a neurogenic stimulus is in itself a cause of brain damage (e.g., kainic acid treatment) the activation of stem cells occurs bypassing any inhibitory control. Plausibly, with strong neurogenic stimuli, such as kainic acid injected into the dentate gyrus, the self-renewal capacity of stem cells may undergo rapid exhaustion. However, the self-renewal capability of stem cells persists when normal stimuli are elicited in the presence of a mutation of one of the quiescence-maintaining genes, such as p16Ink4a, p21Cip1 or Btg1. In this case, stem cells become promptly activated by a neurogenic stimulus even during aging. This indicates that stem cells retain a high proliferative capability and plasticity, and suggests that stem cells are protected against the response to stimulus and are resilient to exhaustion. It will be interesting to assess at which functional degree of deregulation of the quiescence-maintaining system, stem cells will remain responsive to repeated neurogenic stimuli without undergoing exhaustion of their pool.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Felice Tirone
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Rome, Italy
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25
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Renoprotective and neuroprotective effects of enteric hydrogen generation from Si-based agent. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5859. [PMID: 32246095 PMCID: PMC7125117 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62755-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We have developed Si-based agent which can generate a large amount of hydrogen. Si-based agent continues generating hydrogen for more than 24 h by the reaction with water under conditions similar to those in bowels, i.e., pH8.3 and 36 °C, and generates ~400 mL hydrogen. To investigate beneficial effects for diseases associated with oxidative stress, Si-based agent is administered to remnant kidney rats and Parkinson's disease mice. Rats are fed with control or Si-based agent-containing diet for 8 weeks. Si-based agent is found to greatly suppress the development of renal failure and the parameters of oxidative stress. Treatment with Si-based agent in a mouse model of hemi-Parkinson's disease induced by 6-hydroxydopamine attenuated degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and prevented impairment of motor balance and coordination. These findings indicate that the Si-based agent shows renoprotective and neuroprotective effects presumably via suppression of oxidative stress by generation of hydrogen.
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26
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Cui QQ, Hu ZL, Hu YL, Chen X, Wang J, Mao L, Lu XJ, Ni M, Chen JG, Wang F. Hippocampal CD39/ENTPD1 promotes mouse depression-like behavior through hydrolyzing extracellular ATP. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e47857. [PMID: 32133764 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201947857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence implicates that low levels of ATP in the extracellular space may contribute to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). The concentration of extracellular ATP is regulated by its hydrolase ectonucleotide tri(di)phosphohydrolase (ENTPD). However, the role of ENTPD in depression remains poorly understood. Here we examine the role of CD39 (known as ENTPD1) in mouse depression-like behavior induced by chronic social defeat stress (CSDS). We demonstrate that CSDS enhances the expression and activity of CD39 in hippocampus. The CD39 functional analog apyrase also induces depression-like behavior, which can be ameliorated by ATP replenishment. Pharmacological inhibition and genetic silencing of CD39 has an antidepressant-like effect via increasing hippocampal extracellular ATP concentration, accompanied with an increase in hippocampal neurogenesis and dendritic spine numbers in defeated mice. These results suggest that hippocampal CD39 contributes to CSDS-induced depression-like behavior via hydrolyzing extracellular ATP, indicating that CD39 may be a promising new target for the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, China
| | - Zhuang-Li Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, China.,The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan City, China.,Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, The Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan-Lang Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, China
| | - Li Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, China
| | - Xiao-Jia Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, China
| | - Ming Ni
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, China
| | - Jian-Guo Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, China.,The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan City, China.,Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, The Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan City, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, China.,The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan City, China.,Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, The Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan City, China
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27
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Antidepressant-like and pro-neurogenic effects of physical exercise: the putative role of FNDC5/irisin pathway. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2020; 127:355-370. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-020-02143-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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28
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Norman JE, Rutkowsky J, Bodine S, Rutledge JC. The Potential Mechanisms of Exercise-induced Cognitive Protection: A Literature Review. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:1827-1831. [PMID: 29623829 DOI: 10.2174/1381612824666180406105149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dementia has become a major health concern for the aging population of the United States. Studies indicate that participation in moderate exercise, with training, has been shown to have a beneficial impact on cognition. Thus, exercise and its effects on cognitive function has become an important area of research. This review summarizes the current literature on the potential mechanisms of the benefits of exercise for cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Norman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Jennifer Rutkowsky
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Sue Bodine
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - John C Rutledge
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
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29
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Rogers J, Chen F, Stanic D, Farzana F, Li S, Zeleznikow-Johnston AM, Nithianantharajah J, Churilov L, Adlard PA, Lanfumey L, Hannan AJ, Renoir T. Paradoxical effects of exercise on hippocampal plasticity and cognition in mice with a heterozygous null mutation in the serotonin transporter gene. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:3279-3296. [PMID: 31167040 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Exercise is known to improve cognitive function, but the exact synaptic and cellular mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated the potential role of the serotonin (5-HT) transporter (SERT) in mediating these effects. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and neurogenesis were measured in standard-housed and exercising (wheel running) wild-type (WT) and SERT heterozygous (HET) mice. We also assessed hippocampal-dependent cognition using the Morris water maze (MWM) and a spatial pattern separation touchscreen task. KEY RESULTS SERT HET mice had impaired hippocampal LTP regardless of the housing conditions. Exercise increased hippocampal neurogenesis in WT mice. However, this was not observed in SERT HET animals, even though both genotypes used the running wheels to a similar extent. We also found that standard-housed SERT HET mice displayed altered cognitive flexibility than WT littermate controls in the MWM reversal learning task. However, SERT HET mice no longer exhibited this phenotype after exercise. Cognitive changes, specific to SERT HET mice in the exercise condition, were also revealed on the touchscreen spatial pattern separation task, especially when the cognitive pattern separation load was at its highest. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our study is the first evidence of reduced hippocampal LTP in SERT HET mice. We also show that functional SERT is required for exercise-induced increase in adult neurogenesis. Paradoxically, exercise had a negative impact on hippocampal-dependent cognitive tasks, especially in SERT HET mice. Taken together, our results suggest unique complex interactions between exercise and altered 5-HT homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Rogers
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Feng Chen
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Davor Stanic
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Farheen Farzana
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shanshan Li
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ariel M Zeleznikow-Johnston
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jess Nithianantharajah
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Leonid Churilov
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,School of Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul A Adlard
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Laurence Lanfumey
- UMR S894, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Inserm UMR 894, Paris, France
| | - Anthony J Hannan
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Thibault Renoir
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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30
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Liu Y, Yan T, Chu JMT, Chen Y, Dunnett S, Ho YS, Wong GTC, Chang RCC. The beneficial effects of physical exercise in the brain and related pathophysiological mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases. J Transl Med 2019; 99:943-957. [PMID: 30808929 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0232-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence has shown the beneficial influence of exercise on humans. Apart from classic cardioprotection, numerous studies have demonstrated that different exercise regimes provide a substantial improvement in various brain functions. Although the underlying mechanism is yet to be determined, emerging evidence for neuroprotection has been established in both humans and experimental animals, with most of the valuable findings in the field of mental health, neurodegenerative diseases, and acquired brain injuries. This review will discuss the recent findings of how exercise could ameliorate brain function in neuropathological states, demonstrated by either clinical or laboratory animal studies. Simultaneously, state-of-the-art molecular mechanisms underlying the exercise-induced neuroprotective effects and comparison between different types of exercise will be discussed in detail. A majority of reports show that physical exercise is associated with enhanced cognition throughout different populations and remains as a fascinating area in scientific research because of its universal protective effects in different brain domain functions. This article is to review what we know about how physical exercise modulates the pathophysiological mechanisms of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR.,Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Tim Yan
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR
| | - John Man-Tak Chu
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR.,Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Ying Chen
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR.,Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Sophie Dunnett
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yuen-Shan Ho
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Gordon Tin-Chun Wong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR.
| | - Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. .,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR.
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31
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Kurose S, Miyauchi T, Yamashita R, Tamaki S, Imai M, Nakashima Y, Umeda Y, Sato S, Kimura Y, Masuda I. Association of locomotive activity with sleep latency and cognitive function of elderly patients with cardiovascular disease in the maintenance phase of cardiac rehabilitation. J Cardiol 2019; 73:530-535. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Li H, Liu Y, Gao X, Liu L, Amuti S, Wu D, Jiang F, Huang L, Wang G, Zeng J, Ma B, Yuan Q. Neuroplastin 65 modulates anxiety- and depression-like behavior likely through adult hippocampal neurogenesis and central 5-HT activity. FEBS J 2019; 286:3401-3415. [PMID: 31034748 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Neuroplastin 65 (Np65) is a brain-specific cell adhesion molecule that is highly expressed in the hippocampus, amygdala, and cortex, regions of the brain that are associated with memory and emotions. However, the role of Np65 in regulation of emotional behavior is still unclear. In the present study, we show that Np65 knock-out (Np65 KO) mice display enhanced anxiety-like behavior, a reduction in some aspects of depressive-like behaviors, and increased sociability and memory. Biochemical investigations revealed that Np65 KO mice show increased adult-born neurons and proliferation in the hippocampus. In addition, the level of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the hippocampus was reduced. The expression of tryptophan hydroxylase 2 in the brainstem and the expression of the 5-HT3A receptor were also decreased. Electrophysiological recordings confirmed an impaired maintenance of long-term potentiation in the hippocampus of Np65 KO mice. Together, our findings uncover a role for Np65 in regulating anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors and suggest that Np65 may be essential for the maintenance of emotional stability, indicating that it might be an attractive potential target for treatment of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutong Liu
- Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Gao
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lifen Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyiti Amuti
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fen Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Geying Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiujiang Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Qionglan Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yoon G, Song J. Intermittent Fasting: a Promising Approach for Preventing Vascular Dementia. J Lipid Atheroscler 2019; 8:1-7. [PMID: 32821694 PMCID: PMC7379085 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2019.8.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular dementia is the most common neuropsychiatric syndrome and is characterized by synaptic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and cognitive dysfunction. Vascular dementia is associated with various environmental, genetic, and lifestyle risk factors. Recent research has focused on the association between vascular dementia and dietary patterns, suggesting that dietary regulation leads to better control of energy metabolism, improvements in brain insulin resistance, and the suppression of neuroinflammation. Intermittent fasting is a calorie-restriction method known to be more effective in promoting fat loss and regulating the impairment of glucose metabolism as compared with other dietary restriction regimens. Herein, the authors review the effects of intermittent fasting with regard to vascular dementia based on recent evidence and propose that intermittent fasting could be a therapeutic approach for ameliorating vascular dementia pathology and preventing its onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwangho Yoon
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Juhyun Song
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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Nakamura Y, Kondo M, Koyama Y, Shimada S. SR 57227A is a partial agonist/partial antagonist of 5-HT 3 receptor and inhibits subsequent 5-HT- or SR 57227A-induced 5-HT 3 receptor current. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 508:590-596. [PMID: 30509492 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) type 3 (5-HT3) receptors are transmembrane ligand-gated ion channels. Although several 5-HT3 receptor agonists have been used as preclinical tools, SR 57227A is the most commonly used 5-HT3 receptor agonist with the ability to cross the blood brain barrier. However, the precise pharmacological profile of SR 57227A remains unclear. Therefore, we examined the pharmacological profile of SR 57227A at the 5-HT3A and 5-HT3AB receptors. We microinjected Xenopus laevis oocytes with human 5-HT3A complementary RNA (cRNA) or a combination of human 5-HT3A and human 5-HT3AB cRNA and performed two electrode voltage clamp recordings of 5-HT3A and 5-HT3AB receptor current in the presence of SR 57227A. Results showed that SR 57227A acts as partial agonist/partial antagonist at the 5-HT3 receptor. Interestingly, SR 57227A specifically reduced subsequent current amplitudes induced by 5-HT or SR 57227A. Based on its 5-HT3 receptor partial agonist/partial antagonist properties, we predict that SR 57227A functions as a serotonin stabilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Nakamura
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Makoto Kondo
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yoshihisa Koyama
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Shoichi Shimada
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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35
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Exercise-induced hippocampal neurogenesis: 5-HT 3 receptor antagonism by antipsychotics as a potential limiting factor in Schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:2252-2253. [PMID: 29422519 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0022-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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36
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Ueda N, Kondo M, Takezawa K, Kiuchi H, Sekii Y, Inagaki Y, Soda T, Fukuhara S, Fujita K, Uemura M, Imamura R, Miyagawa Y, Nonomura N, Shimada S. Intravesical ATP instillation induces urinary frequency because of activation of bladder afferent nerves without inflammatory changes in mice: A promising model for overactive bladder. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 506:498-503. [PMID: 30361095 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.10.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
ATP in the suburothelial layer is released from the bladder urothelium by mechanical stimuli. ATP directly activates purinergic receptors that are expressed on primary bladder afferent neurons and induces the micturition reflex. Although ATP is also released to the bladder lumen from the bladder urothelium, the role of ATP in the bladder lumen is unknown. Recently, clinical studies have reported that urinary ATP levels are much higher in patients with an overactive bladder than healthy controls. These results suggest that ATP in the bladder lumen is also involved in the micturition reflex. In this study, we performed intravesical ATP instillation in the mouse bladder. We evaluated urinary function with novel reliable methods using improved cystometry and ultrasonography, which we previously established. We found that intravesical ATP instillation induced urinary frequency because of activation of bladder afferent nerves without inflammatory changes in the bladder or an increase in post-void residual urine. These results suggest that not only ATP in the suburothelial layer, but also ATP in the bladder lumen, are involved in enhancement of the micturition reflex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norichika Ueda
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Makoto Kondo
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Kentaro Takezawa
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiuchi
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yosuke Sekii
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yusuke Inagaki
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Soda
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Fukuhara
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Fujita
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Motohide Uemura
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Imamura
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasushi Miyagawa
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Norio Nonomura
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shoichi Shimada
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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37
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Bellamy KK, Storengen LM, Handegård KW, Arnet EF, Prestrud KW, Overall KL, Lingaas F. DRD2 is associated with fear in some dog breeds. J Vet Behav 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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38
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Fibroblast growth factor 12 is expressed in spiral and vestibular ganglia and necessary for auditory and equilibrium function. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11491. [PMID: 30065296 PMCID: PMC6068167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28618-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated fibroblast growth factor 12 (FGF12) as a transcript enriched in the inner ear by searching published cDNA library databases. FGF12 is a fibroblast growth factor homologous factor, a subset of the FGF superfamily. To date, its localisation and function in the inner ear have not been determined. Here, we show that FGF12 mRNA is localised in spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) and the vestibular ganglion. We also show that FGF12 protein is localised in SGNs, the vestibular ganglion, and nerve fibres extending beneath hair cells. Moreover, we investigated FGF12 function in auditory and vestibular systems using Fgf12-knockout (FGF12-KO) mice generated with CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Our results show that the inner ear morphology of FGF12-KO mice is not significantly different compared with wild-type mice. However, FGF12-KO mice exhibited an increased hearing threshold, as measured by the auditory brainstem response, as well as deficits in rotarod and balance beam performance tests. These results suggest that FGF12 is necessary for normal auditory and equilibrium function.
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P2X 2 Receptor Deficiency in Mouse Vestibular End Organs Attenuates Vestibular Function. Neuroscience 2018; 386:41-50. [PMID: 29944897 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
P2X2 receptors are ligand-gated cation channels activated by extracellular ATP that modulate neural transmission in various neuronal systems. Although the function and distribution of P2X2 receptors in the cochlea portion of the inner ear are well established, their physiological role in the vestibular portion is still not understood. Therefore, we investigated P2X2 receptor localization in the peripheral vestibular portion, and assessed their physiological function in vivo using P2X2 receptor knock out (P2X2-KO) mice. Histological analysis revealed that P2X2 receptors were localized on the epithelial surface of supporting and transitional cells of the vestibular end organs. To examine vestibular function in P2X2-KO mice, we conducted behavioral tests and tested the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) during sinusoidal rotations. P2X2-KO mice exhibited significant motor balance impairment in the balance beam test. VOR gain in P2X2-KO mice was significantly reduced, with no decrease in the optokinetic response. In conclusion, we showed that P2X2 receptors are mainly localized in the supporting cells of the vestibular inner ear, and the loss of P2X2 receptors causes mild vestibular dysfunction. Taken together, our findings suggest that the P2X2 receptor plays a modulatory role in vestibular function.
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40
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Yu Y, Zhu W, Liang Q, Liu J, Yang X, Sun G. Tropisetron attenuates lipopolysaccharide induced neuroinflammation by inhibiting NF-κB and SP/NK1R signaling pathway. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 320:80-86. [PMID: 29759144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tropisetron, an antagonist of serotonin type 3 receptors (5-HT3Rs), has been investigated in colonic inflammatory process. Since substance P/neurokinin 1 receptor (SP/NK1R) signaling pathway plays a key role in several sensory neuronal inflammatory. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of tropisetron in mice cerebral cortex, and discovered that it was a potential inhibitor in LPS-mediated neuron inflammation through SP/NK1R signaling pathway. We found that tropisetron significantly reduced the increased number of iba-1 positive microglia, down-regulated the gene transcription and protein expression of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in LPS stimulated cerebral cortex. To characterize the inhibitory mechanism of tropisetron at the SP response in inflammation, we further examined the effect of tropisetron on NF-κB and SP/NK1R signaling pathway in the process of mice cerebral cortex inflammation. We found that tropisetron inhibited the gene transcription and protein expression of NF-κB, SP, NK1R via inhibiting 5-HT3R activity. These findings might provide new insights into the anti-inflammatory activities of 5-HT3R inhibitor tropisetron, which would be the interaction of serotonin receptor signaling and SP/NK1R pathway. These might highlight their potential to design novel therapeutic strategies to manage inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yu
- Department of pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanhu Zhu
- Department of pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Liang
- Department of pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangchun Sun
- Department of pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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41
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Abstract
Accumulating research in rodents and humans indicates that exercise benefits brain function and may prevent or delay onset of neurodegenerative conditions. In particular, exercise modifies the structure and function of the hippocampus, a brain area important for learning and memory. This review addresses the central and peripheral mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise on the hippocampus. We focus on running-induced changes in adult hippocampal neurogenesis, neural circuitry, neurotrophins, synaptic plasticity, neurotransmitters, and vasculature. The role of peripheral factors in hippocampal plasticity is also highlighted. We discuss recent evidence that systemic factors released from peripheral organs such as muscle (myokines), liver (hepatokines), and adipose tissue (adipokines) during exercise contribute to hippocampal neurotrophin and neurogenesis levels, and memory function. A comprehensive understanding of the body-brain axis is needed to elucidate how exercise improves hippocampal plasticity and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- C'iana Cooper
- Neuroplasticity and Behavior Unit, Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Hyo Youl Moon
- Neuroplasticity and Behavior Unit, Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
- Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Henriette van Praag
- Neuroplasticity and Behavior Unit, Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
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42
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Kondo M, Koyama Y, Nakamura Y, Shimada S. A novel 5HT3 receptor-IGF1 mechanism distinct from SSRI-induced antidepressant effects. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:833-842. [PMID: 28439104 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a common mental disorder affecting around 350 million people worldwide. Although selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most widely used antidepressants, a significant proportion of depressed patients do not achieve remission with SSRIs. In this study, we show that a serotonin type 3 receptor (5HT3R) agonist induces antidepressant effects as well as hippocampal neurogenesis independent of fluoxetine (a commonly used SSRI). Notably, our histological analysis reveals that 5HT3R and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) are expressed in the same neurons in the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Furthermore, our in vivo microdialysis analysis shows that 5HT3R regulates hippocampal extracellular IGF1 levels, and we also show that 5HT3R-dependent hippocampal neurogenesis is mediated by increased IGF1 levels. Altogether, our findings suggest a novel 5HT3R-IGF1 mechanism that is distinct from fluoxetine-induced responses and that provides a new therapeutic target for depression, especially bringing significant benefits for SSRI-resistant depressed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kondo
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Koyama
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Nakamura
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Shimada
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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43
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Mattson MP, Moehl K, Ghena N, Schmaedick M, Cheng A. Intermittent metabolic switching, neuroplasticity and brain health. Nat Rev Neurosci 2018; 19:63-80. [PMID: 29321682 PMCID: PMC5913738 DOI: 10.1038/nrn.2017.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
During evolution, individuals whose brains and bodies functioned well in a fasted state were successful in acquiring food, enabling their survival and reproduction. With fasting and extended exercise, liver glycogen stores are depleted and ketones are produced from adipose-cell-derived fatty acids. This metabolic switch in cellular fuel source is accompanied by cellular and molecular adaptations of neural networks in the brain that enhance their functionality and bolster their resistance to stress, injury and disease. Here, we consider how intermittent metabolic switching, repeating cycles of a metabolic challenge that induces ketosis (fasting and/or exercise) followed by a recovery period (eating, resting and sleeping), may optimize brain function and resilience throughout the lifespan, with a focus on the neuronal circuits involved in cognition and mood. Such metabolic switching impacts multiple signalling pathways that promote neuroplasticity and resistance of the brain to injury and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Mattson
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Keelin Moehl
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Nathaniel Ghena
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Maggie Schmaedick
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Aiwu Cheng
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
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44
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Lisieski MJ, Eagle AL, Conti AC, Liberzon I, Perrine SA. Single-Prolonged Stress: A Review of Two Decades of Progress in a Rodent Model of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:196. [PMID: 29867615 PMCID: PMC5962709 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common, costly, and often debilitating psychiatric condition. However, the biological mechanisms underlying this disease are still largely unknown or poorly understood. Considerable evidence indicates that PTSD results from dysfunction in highly-conserved brain systems involved in stress, anxiety, fear, and reward. Pre-clinical models of traumatic stress exposure are critical in defining the neurobiological mechanisms of PTSD, which will ultimately aid in the development of new treatments for PTSD. Single prolonged stress (SPS) is a pre-clinical model that displays behavioral, molecular, and physiological alterations that recapitulate many of the same alterations observed in PTSD, illustrating its validity and giving it utility as a model for investigating post-traumatic adaptations and pre-trauma risk and protective factors. In this manuscript, we review the present state of research using the SPS model, with the goals of (1) describing the utility of the SPS model as a tool for investigating post-trauma adaptations, (2) relating findings using the SPS model to findings in patients with PTSD, and (3) indicating research gaps and strategies to address them in order to improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Lisieski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Andrew L Eagle
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Alana C Conti
- Research and Development Service, John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Israel Liberzon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Mental Health Service, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Shane A Perrine
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
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45
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Vivar C, van Praag H. Running Changes the Brain: the Long and the Short of It. Physiology (Bethesda) 2017; 32:410-424. [PMID: 29021361 PMCID: PMC6148340 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00017.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise is a simple intervention that profoundly benefits cognition. In rodents, running increases neurogenesis in the hippocampus, a brain area important for memory. We describe the dynamic changes in new neuron number and afferent connections throughout their maturation. We highlight the effects of exercise on the neurotransmitter systems involved, with a focus on the role of glutamate and acetylcholine in the initial development of new neurons in the adult brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Vivar
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico; and
| | - Henriette van Praag
- Neuroplasticity and Behavior Unit, Laboratory of Neurosciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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46
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Mercante B, Enrico P, Floris G, Quartu M, Boi M, Serra MP, Follesa P, Deriu F. Trigeminal nerve stimulation induces Fos immunoreactivity in selected brain regions, increases hippocampal cell proliferation and reduces seizure severity in rats. Neuroscience 2017; 361:69-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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47
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Bortolotto V, Mancini F, Mangano G, Salem R, Xia E, Del Grosso E, Bianchi M, Canonico PL, Polenzani L, Grilli M. Proneurogenic Effects of Trazodone in Murine and Human Neural Progenitor Cells. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017. [PMID: 28636360 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Several antidepressants increase adult hippocampal neurogenesis (ahNG) in rodents, primates, and, potentially, humans. This effect may at least partially account for their therapeutic activity. The availability of antidepressants whose mechanism of action involves different neurotransmitter receptors represents an opportunity for increasing our knowledge on their distinctive peculiarities and for dissecting the contribution of receptor subtypes in ahNG modulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the effects of the antidepressant trazodone (TZD) on ahNG by using primary cultures of murine adult hippocampal neural progenitor cells (ahNPCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived NPCs. We demonstrated that TZD enhances neuronal differentiation of murine as well as human NPCs. TZD is a multimodal antidepressant, which binds with high affinity to 5-HT2a, α1, and 5-HT1a and with lower affinity to 5-HT2c, α2 and 5-HTT. We demonstrated that TZD proneurogenic effects were mediated by 5-HT2a antagonism both in murine and in human NPCs and by 5-HT2c antagonism in murine cells. Moreover NF-κB p50 nuclear translocation appeared to be required for TZD-mediated proneurogenic effects. Interestingly, TZD had no proneurogenic effects in 5-HT depleted ahNPCs. The TDZ bell-shaped dose-response curve suggested additional effects. However, in our model 5-HT1a and α1/α2 receptors had no role in neurogenesis. Overall, our data also demonstrated that serotoninergic neurotransmission may exert both positive and negative effects on neuronal differentiation of ahNPCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Mancini
- Angelini S.p.A, RR&D, Angelini Research Center, Piazzale della Stazione, 00071 S. Palomba-Pomezia, Roma, Italy
| | - Giorgina Mangano
- Angelini S.p.A, RR&D, Angelini Research Center, Piazzale della Stazione, 00071 S. Palomba-Pomezia, Roma, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lorenzo Polenzani
- Angelini S.p.A, RR&D, Angelini Research Center, Piazzale della Stazione, 00071 S. Palomba-Pomezia, Roma, Italy
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48
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Lafuente JV, Sharma A, Muresanu DF, Ozkizilcik A, Tian ZR, Patnaik R, Sharma HS. Repeated Forced Swim Exacerbates Methamphetamine-Induced Neurotoxicity: Neuroprotective Effects of Nanowired Delivery of 5-HT3-Receptor Antagonist Ondansetron. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:322-334. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0744-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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49
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Song NN, Huang Y, Yu X, Lang B, Ding YQ, Zhang L. Divergent Roles of Central Serotonin in Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:185. [PMID: 28713247 PMCID: PMC5492328 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The central serotonin (5-HT) system is the main target of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), the first-line antidepressants widely used in current general practice. One of the prominent features of chronic SSRI treatment in rodents is the enhanced adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus, which has been proposed to contribute to antidepressant effects. Therefore, tremendous effort has been made to decipher how central 5-HT regulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis. In this paper, we review how changes in the central serotonergic system alter adult hippocampal neurogenesis. We focus on data obtained from three categories of genetically engineered mouse models: (1) mice with altered central 5-HT levels from embryonic stages, (2) mice with deletion of 5-HT receptors from embryonic stages, and (3) mice with altered central 5-HT system exclusively in adulthood. These recent findings provide unique insights to interpret the multifaceted roles of central 5-HT on adult hippocampal neurogenesis and its associated effects on depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Ning Song
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Bing Lang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China.,Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Central South UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Yu-Qiang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
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Wirth A, Holst K, Ponimaskin E. How serotonin receptors regulate morphogenic signalling in neurons. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 151:35-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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