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Sharma R, Narum S, Liu S, Dong Y, Baek KI, Jo H, Salaita K. Nanodiscoidal Nucleic Acids for Gene Regulation. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:2349-2367. [PMID: 37910400 PMCID: PMC10660333 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic nucleic acids represent a powerful class of drug molecules to control gene expression and protein synthesis. A major challenge in this field is that soluble oligonucleotides have limited serum stability, and the majority of nucleic acids that enter the cells are trapped within endosomes. Delivery efficiency can be improved using lipid scaffolds. One such example is the nanodisc (ND), a self-assembled nanostructure composed of phospholipids and peptides and modeled after high density lipoproteins (HDLs). Herein, we describe the development of the nanodiscoidal nucleic acid (NNA) which is a ND covalently modified with nucleic acids on the top and bottom lipid faces as well as the lateral peptide belt. The 13 nm ND was doped with thiolated phospholipids and thiol-containing peptides and coupled in a one-pot reaction with oligonucleotides to achieve ∼30 DNA/NNA nucleic acid density. NNAs showed superior nuclease resistance and enhanced cellular uptake that was mediated through the scavenger receptor B1. Time-dependent Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis of internalized NNA confirmed that NNAs display increased stability. NNAs modified with clinically validated antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) that target hypoxia inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1-α) mRNA showed enhanced activity compared with that of the soluble DNA across multiple cell lines as well as a 3D cancer spheroid model. Lastly, in vivo experiments show that ASO-modified NNAs are primarily localized into livers and kidneys, and NNAs were potent in downregulating HIF-1-α using 5-fold lower doses than previously reported. Collectively, our results highlight the therapeutic potential for NNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Sharma
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Steven Narum
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Shuhong Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yixiao Dong
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Kyung In Baek
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Khalid Salaita
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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2
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Zhu H, Luo H, Chang R, Yang Y, Liu D, Ji Y, Qin H, Rong H, Yin J. Protein-based delivery systems for RNA delivery. J Control Release 2023; 363:253-274. [PMID: 37741460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
RNA-based therapeutics have emerged as promising approaches to modulate gene expression and generate therapeutic proteins or antigens capable of inducing immune responses to treat a variety of diseases, such as infectious diseases, cancers, immunologic disorders, and genetic disorders. However, the efficient delivery of RNA molecules into cells poses significant challenges due to their large molecular weight, negative charge, and susceptibility to degradation by RNase enzymes. To overcome these obstacles, viral and non-viral vectors have been developed, including lipid nanoparticles, viral vectors, proteins, dendritic macromolecules, among others. Among these carriers, protein-based delivery systems have garnered considerable attention due to their potential to address specific issues associated with nanoparticle-based systems, such as liver accumulation and immunogenicity. This review provides an overview of currently marketed RNA drugs, underscores the significance of RNA delivery vector development, delineates the essential characteristics of an ideal RNA delivery vector, and introduces existing protein carriers for RNA delivery. By offering valuable insights, this review aims to serve as a reference for the future development of protein-based delivery vectors for RNA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hong Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruilong Chang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yifan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Dingkang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yue Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hai Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Guizhou Hospital, No. 206, Sixian Street, Baiyun District, Guiyang City 550014, Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Haibo Rong
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jun Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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3
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Haque US, Yokota T. Enhancing Antisense Oligonucleotide-Based Therapeutic Delivery with DG9, a Versatile Cell-Penetrating Peptide. Cells 2023; 12:2395. [PMID: 37830609 PMCID: PMC10572411 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Antisense oligonucleotide-based (ASO) therapeutics have emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of human disorders. Charge-neutral PMOs have promising biological and pharmacological properties for antisense applications. Despite their great potential, the efficient delivery of these therapeutic agents to target cells remains a major obstacle to their widespread use. Cellular uptake of naked PMO is poor. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) appear as a possibility to increase the cellular uptake and intracellular delivery of oligonucleotide-based drugs. Among these, the DG9 peptide has been identified as a versatile CPP with remarkable potential for enhancing the delivery of ASO-based therapeutics due to its unique structural features. Notably, in the context of phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs), DG9 has shown promise in enhancing delivery while maintaining a favorable toxicity profile. A few studies have highlighted the potential of DG9-conjugated PMOs in DMD (Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy) and SMA (Spinal Muscular Atrophy), displaying significant exon skipping/inclusion and functional improvements in animal models. The article provides an overview of a detailed understanding of the challenges that ASOs face prior to reaching their targets and continued advances in methods to improve their delivery to target sites and cellular uptake, focusing on DG9, which aims to harness ASOs' full potential in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Sabrina Haque
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Toshifumi Yokota
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
- The Friends of Garrett Cumming Research & Muscular Dystrophy Canada HM Toupin Neurological Science Research, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
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4
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Liu M, Chu B, Sun R, Ding J, Ye H, Yang Y, Wu Y, Shi H, Song B, He Y, Wang H, Hong J. Antisense Oligonucleotides Selectively Enter Human-Derived Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria through Bacterial-Specific ATP-Binding Cassette Sugar Transporter. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2300477. [PMID: 37002615 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Current vehicles used to deliver antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) cannot distinguish between bacterial and mammalian cells, greatly hindering the preclinical or clinical treatment of bacterial infections, especially those caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Herein, bacteria-specific ATP-binding cassette (ABC) sugar transporters are leveraged to selectively internalize ASOs by hitchhiking them on α (1-4)-glucosidically linked glucose polymers. Compared with their cell-penetrating peptide counterparts, which are non-specifically engulfed by mammalian and bacterial cells, the presented therapeutics consisting of glucose polymer and antisense peptide nucleic-acid-modified nanoparticles are selectively internalized into the human-derived multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and they display a much higher uptake rate (i.e., 51.6%). The developed strategy allows specific and efficient killing of nearly 100% of the antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Its significant curative efficacy against bacterial keratitis and endophthalmitis is also shown. This strategy will expand the focus of antisense technology to include bacterial cells other than mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Binbin Chu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Rong Sun
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jiali Ding
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Han Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shanghai Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Road Fenyang, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yunmin Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yuqi Wu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Haoliang Shi
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Bin Song
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yao He
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Houyu Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jiaxu Hong
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shanghai Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Road Fenyang, Shanghai, 200031, China
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5
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Yang Y, Liu Z, Ma H, Cao M. Application of Peptides in Construction of Nonviral Vectors for Gene Delivery. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12224076. [PMID: 36432361 PMCID: PMC9693978 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy, which aims to cure diseases by knocking out, editing, correcting or compensating abnormal genes, provides new strategies for the treatment of tumors, genetic diseases and other diseases that are closely related to human gene abnormalities. In order to deliver genes efficiently to abnormal sites in vivo to achieve therapeutic effects, a variety of gene vectors have been designed. Among them, peptide-based vectors show superior advantages because of their ease of design, perfect biocompatibility and safety. Rationally designed peptides can carry nucleic acids into cells to perform therapeutic effects by overcoming a series of biological barriers including cellular uptake, endosomal escape, nuclear entrance and so on. Moreover, peptides can also be incorporated into other delivery systems as functional segments. In this review, we referred to the biological barriers for gene delivery in vivo and discussed several kinds of peptide-based nonviral gene vectors developed for overcoming these barriers. These vectors can deliver different types of genetic materials into targeted cells/tissues individually or in combination by having specific structure-function relationships. Based on the general review of peptide-based gene delivery systems, the current challenges and future perspectives in development of peptidic nonviral vectors for clinical applications were also put forward, with the aim of providing guidance towards the rational design and development of such systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Department of Biological and Energy Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Department of Biological and Energy Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Hongchao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Department of Biological and Energy Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Meiwen Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Department of Biological and Energy Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao 266580, China
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6
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Kandasamy G, Maity D. Current Advancements in Self-assembling Nanocarriers-Based siRNA Delivery for Cancer Therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 221:113002. [PMID: 36370645 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.113002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Different therapeutic practices for treating cancers have significantly evolved to compensate and/or overcome the failures in conventional methodologies. The demonstrated potentiality in completely inhibiting the tumors and in preventing cancer relapse has made nucleic acids therapy (NAT)/gene therapy as an attractive practice. This has been made possible because NAT-based cancer treatments are highly focused on the fundamental mechanisms - i.e., silencing the expression of oncogenic genes responsible for producing abnormal proteins (via messenger RNAs (mRNAs)). However, the future clinical translation of NAT is majorly dependent upon the effective delivery of the exogenous nucleic acids (especially RNAs - e.g., short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) - herein called biological drugs). Moreover, nano-based vehicles (i.e., nanocarriers) are involved in delivering them to prevent degradation and undesired bioaccumulation while enhancing the stability of siRNAs. Herein, we have initially discussed about three major types of self-assembling nanocarriers (liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles and exosomes). Later, we have majorly reviewed recent developments in non-targeted/targeted nanocarriers for delivery of biological drugs (individual/dual) to silence the most important genes/mRNAs accountable for inducing protein abnormality. These proteins include polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), survivin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), B-cell lymphoma/leukaemia-2 (Bcl-2) and multi-drug resistance (MDR). Besides, the consequent therapeutic effects on cancer growth, invasion and/or metastasis have also been discussed. Finally, we have comprehensively reviewed the improvements achieved in the cutting-edge cancer therapeutics while delivering siRNAs in combination with clinically approved chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Barresi V, Musmeci C, Rinaldi A, Condorelli DF. Transcript-Targeted Therapy Based on RNA Interference and Antisense Oligonucleotides: Current Applications and Novel Molecular Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168875. [PMID: 36012138 PMCID: PMC9408055 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of novel target therapies based on the use of RNA interference (RNAi) and antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) is growing in an exponential way, challenging the chance for the treatment of the genetic diseases and cancer by hitting selectively targeted RNA in a sequence-dependent manner. Multiple opportunities are taking shape, able to remove defective protein by silencing RNA (e.g., Inclisiran targets mRNA of protein PCSK9, permitting a longer half-life of LDL receptors in heterozygous familial hypercholesteremia), by arresting mRNA translation (i.e., Fomivirsen that binds to UL123-RNA and blocks the translation into IE2 protein in CMV-retinitis), or by reactivating modified functional protein (e.g., Eteplirsen able to restore a functional shorter dystrophin by skipping the exon 51 in Duchenne muscular dystrophy) or a not very functional protein. In this last case, the use of ASOs permits modifying the expression of specific proteins by modulating splicing of specific pre-RNAs (e.g., Nusinersen acts on the splicing of exon 7 in SMN2 mRNA normally not expressed; it is used for spinal muscular atrophy) or by downregulation of transcript levels (e.g., Inotersen acts on the transthryretin mRNA to reduce its expression; it is prescribed for the treatment of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis) in order to restore the biochemical/physiological condition and ameliorate quality of life. In the era of precision medicine, recently, an experimental splice-modulating antisense oligonucleotide, Milasen, was designed and used to treat an 8-year-old girl affected by a rare, fatal, progressive form of neurodegenerative disease leading to death during adolescence. In this review, we summarize the main transcriptional therapeutic drugs approved to date for the treatment of genetic diseases by principal regulatory government agencies and recent clinical trials aimed at the treatment of cancer. Their mechanism of action, chemical structure, administration, and biomedical performance are predominantly discussed.
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Soltani Dehnavi S, Eivazi Zadeh Z, Harvey AR, Voelcker NH, Parish CL, Williams RJ, Elnathan R, Nisbet DR. Changing Fate: Reprogramming Cells via Engineered Nanoscale Delivery Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108757. [PMID: 35396884 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of nanotechnology in regenerative medicine is at the nexus of fundamental innovations and early-stage breakthroughs, enabling exciting biomedical advances. One of the most exciting recent developments is the use of nanoscale constructs to influence the fate of cells, which are the basic building blocks of healthy function. Appropriate cell types can be effectively manipulated by direct cell reprogramming; a robust technique to manipulate cellular function and fate, underpinning burgeoning advances in drug delivery systems, regenerative medicine, and disease remodeling. Individual transcription factors, or combinations thereof, can be introduced into cells using both viral and nonviral delivery systems. Existing approaches have inherent limitations. Viral-based tools include issues of viral integration into the genome of the cells, the propensity for uncontrollable silencing, reduced copy potential and cell specificity, and neutralization via the immune response. Current nonviral cell reprogramming tools generally suffer from inferior expression efficiency. Nanomaterials are increasingly being explored to address these challenges and improve the efficacy of both viral and nonviral delivery because of their unique properties such as small size and high surface area. This review presents the state-of-the-art research in cell reprogramming, focused on recent breakthroughs in the deployment of nanomaterials as cell reprogramming delivery tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Soltani Dehnavi
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, ANU College of Health & Medicine, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- Research School of Chemistry, ANU College of Science, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- ANU College of Engineering & Computer Science, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Zahra Eivazi Zadeh
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, 15875-4413, Iran
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Alan R Harvey
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, and Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Clare L Parish
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Richard J Williams
- iMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Roey Elnathan
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- iMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - David R Nisbet
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, ANU College of Health & Medicine, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- Research School of Chemistry, ANU College of Science, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
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9
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Wang J, Chen G, Liu N, Han X, Zhao F, Zhang L, Chen P. Strategies for improving the safety and RNAi efficacy of noncovalent peptide/siRNA nanocomplexes. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 302:102638. [PMID: 35299136 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, the striking development of cationic polypeptides and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) tailored for small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery has been fuelled by the conception of nuclear acid therapy and precision medicine. Owing to their amino acid compositions, inherent secondary structures as well as diverse geometrical shapes, peptides or peptide-containing polymers exhibit good biodegradability, high flexibility, and bio-functional diversity as nonviral siRNA vectors. Also, a variety of noncovalent nanocomplexes could be built via self-assembling and electrostatic interactions between cationic peptides and siRNAs. Although the peptide/siRNA nanocomplex-based RNAi therapies, STP705 and MIR-19, are under clinical trials, a guideline addressing the current bottlenecks of peptide/siRNA nanocomplex delivery is in high demand for future research and development. In this review, we present strategies for improving the safety and RNAi efficacy of noncovalent peptide/siRNA nanocomplexes in the treatment of genetic disorders. Through thorough analysis of those RNAi formulations using different delivery strategies, we seek to shed light on the rationale of peptide design and modification in constructing robust siRNA delivery systems, including targeted and co-delivery systems. Based on this, we provide a timely and comprehensive understanding of how to engineer biocompatible and efficient peptide-based siRNA vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada; Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Nan Liu
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiaoxia Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - P Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada; Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China.
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10
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Saiyed AN, Vasavada AR, Johar SRK. Recent trends in miRNA therapeutics and the application of plant miRNA for prevention and treatment of human diseases. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2022; 8:24. [PMID: 35382490 PMCID: PMC8972743 DOI: 10.1186/s43094-022-00413-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Researchers now have a new avenue to investigate when it comes to miRNA-based therapeutics. miRNAs have the potential to be valuable biomarkers for disease detection. Variations in miRNA levels may be able to predict changes in normal physiological processes. At the epigenetic level, miRNA has been identified as a promising candidate for distinguishing and treating various diseases and defects. Main body In recent pharmacology, plants miRNA-based drugs have demonstrated a potential role in drug therapeutics. The purpose of this review paper is to discuss miRNA-based therapeutics, the role of miRNA in pharmacoepigenetics modulations, plant miRNA inter-kingdom regulation, and the therapeutic value and application of plant miRNA for cross-kingdom approaches. Target prediction and complementarity with host genes, as well as cross-kingdom gene interactions with plant miRNAs, are also revealed by bioinformatics research. We also show how plant miRNA can be transmitted from one species to another by crossing kingdom boundaries in this review. Despite several unidentified barriers to plant miRNA cross-transfer, plant miRNA-based gene regulation in trans-kingdom gene regulation may soon be valued as a possible approach in plant-based drug therapeutics. Conclusion This review summarised the biochemical synthesis of miRNAs, pharmacoepigenetics, drug therapeutics and miRNA transkingdom transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiyabanu N. Saiyed
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat India
- Ph.D. scholar of Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka India
| | - Abhay R. Vasavada
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat India
| | - S. R. Kaid Johar
- Department of Zoology, BMTC, Human Genetics, USSC, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat India
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11
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Hadianamrei R, Wang J, Brown S, Zhao X. Rationally designed cationic amphiphilic peptides for selective gene delivery to cancer cells. Int J Pharm 2022; 617:121619. [PMID: 35218898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy has gained increasing attention as an alternative to pharmacotherapy for treatment of various diseases. The extracellular and intracellular barriers to gene delivery necessitate the use of gene vectors which has led to the development of myriads of gene delivery systems. However, many of these gene delivery systems have pitfalls such as low biocompatibility, low loading efficiency, low transfection efficiency, lack of tissue selectivity and high production costs. Herein, we report the development of a new series of short cationic amphiphilic peptides with anticancer activity for selective delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) and antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) to cancer cells. The peptides consist of alternating dyads of hydrophobic (isoleucine (I) or leucine (L)) and hydrophilic (arginine (R) or lysine (L)) amino acids. The peptides exhibited higher preference for transfection of HCT 116 colorectal cancer cells compared to human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and induced higher level of gene silencing in the cancer cells. The nucleic acid complexation and transfection efficiency of the peptides was a function of their secondary structure, their hydrophobicity and their C-terminal amino acid. The peptides containing L in their hydrophobic domain formed stronger complexes with siRNA and successfully delivered it to the cancer cells but were unable to release their cargo inside the cells and therefore could not induce any gene silencing. On the contrary, the peptides containing I in their hydrophobic domain were able to release their associated siRNA and induce considerable gene silencing in cancer cells. The peptides exhibited higher selectivity for colorectal cancer cells and induced less gene silencing in fibroblasts compared to the lipid-based commercial transfection reagent DharmaFECT™ 1. The results from this study can serve as a tool for rational design of new peptide-based gene vectors for high selective gene delivery to cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roja Hadianamrei
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Jiqian Wang
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Stephen Brown
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Xiubo Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK; School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
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12
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Hadianamrei R, Zhao X. Current state of the art in peptide-based gene delivery. J Control Release 2022; 343:600-619. [PMID: 35157938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Tan DJY, Cheong VV, Lim KW, Phan AT. A modular approach to enzymatic ligation of peptides and proteins with oligonucleotides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5507-5510. [PMID: 34036975 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01348c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Joining peptides and oligonucleotides offers potential benefits, but current methods remain laborious. Here we present a novel approach towards enzymatic ligation of the two modalities through the development of tag phosphoramidites as adaptors that can be readily incorporated onto oligonucleotides. This simple and highly efficient approach paves the way towards streamlined development and production of peptide/protein-oligonucleotide conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick Jing Yang Tan
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore.
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14
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Pereira S, Yao R, Gomes M, Jørgensen PT, Wengel J, Azevedo NF, Sobral Santos R. Can Vitamin B12 Assist the Internalization of Antisense LNA Oligonucleotides into Bacteria? Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10040379. [PMID: 33916701 PMCID: PMC8065541 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10040379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of bacterial resistance to traditional small-molecule antibiotics is fueling the search for innovative strategies to treat infections. Inhibiting the expression of essential bacterial genes using antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), particularly composed of nucleic acid mimics (NAMs), has emerged as a promising strategy. However, their efficiency depends on their association with vectors that can translocate the bacterial envelope. Vitamin B12 is among the largest molecules known to be taken up by bacteria and has very recently started to gain interest as a trojan-horse vector. Gapmers and steric blockers were evaluated as ASOs against Escherichia coli (E. coli). Both ASOs were successfully conjugated to B12 by copper-free azide-alkyne click-chemistry. The biological effect of the two conjugates was evaluated together with their intracellular localization in E. coli. Although not only B12 but also both B12-ASO conjugates interacted strongly with E. coli, they were mostly colocalized with the outer membrane. Only 6–9% were detected in the cytosol, which showed to be insufficient for bacterial growth inhibition. These results suggest that the internalization of B12-ASO conjugates is strongly affected by the low uptake rate of the B12 in E. coli and that further studies are needed before considering this strategy against biofilms in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pereira
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (S.P.); (M.G.); (N.F.A.)
| | - Ruwei Yao
- Biomolecular Nanoscale Engineering Center, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; (R.Y.); (P.T.J.); (J.W.)
| | - Mariana Gomes
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (S.P.); (M.G.); (N.F.A.)
| | - Per Trolle Jørgensen
- Biomolecular Nanoscale Engineering Center, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; (R.Y.); (P.T.J.); (J.W.)
| | - Jesper Wengel
- Biomolecular Nanoscale Engineering Center, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; (R.Y.); (P.T.J.); (J.W.)
| | - Nuno Filipe Azevedo
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (S.P.); (M.G.); (N.F.A.)
| | - Rita Sobral Santos
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (S.P.); (M.G.); (N.F.A.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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Dastpeyman M, Sharifi R, Amin A, Karas JA, Cuic B, Pan Y, Nicolazzo JA, Turner BJ, Shabanpoor F. Endosomal escape cell-penetrating peptides significantly enhance pharmacological effectiveness and CNS activity of systemically administered antisense oligonucleotides. Int J Pharm 2021; 599:120398. [PMID: 33640427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are an emerging class of gene-specific therapeutics for diseases associated with the central nervous system (CNS). However, ASO delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to their CNS target cells remains a major challenge. Since ASOs are mainly taken up into the brain capillary endothelial cells interface through endosomal routes, entrapment in the endosomal compartment is a major obstacle for efficient CNS delivery of ASOs. Therefore, we evaluated the effectiveness of a panel of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) bearing several endosomal escape domains for the intracellular delivery, endosomal release and antisense activity of FDA-approved Spinraza (Nusinersen), an ASO used to treat spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). We identified a CPP, HA2-ApoE(131-150), which, when conjugated to Nusinersen, showed efficient endosomal escape capability and significantly increased the level of full-length functional mRNA of the survival motor neuron 2 (SMN2) gene in SMA patient-derived fibroblasts. Treatment of SMN2 transgenic adult mice with this CPP-PMO conjugate resulted in a significant increase in the level of full-length SMN2 in the brain and spinal cord. This work provides proof-of-principle that integration of endosomal escape domains with CPPs enables higher cytosolic delivery of ASOs, and more importantly enhances the efficiency of BBB-permeability and CNS activity of systemically administered ASOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadeseh Dastpeyman
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, VIC, Australia
| | - Ramin Sharifi
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, VIC, Australia
| | - Azin Amin
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, VIC, Australia
| | - John A Karas
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; The Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Rd., VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Brittany Cuic
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, VIC, Australia
| | - Yijun Pan
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville 3052, VIC, Australia
| | - Joseph A Nicolazzo
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville 3052, VIC, Australia
| | - Bradley J Turner
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, VIC, Australia; The Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia 6150, Australia
| | - Fazel Shabanpoor
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, VIC, Australia.
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16
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Singh KRB, Sridevi P, Singh RP. Potential applications of peptide nucleic acid in biomedical domain. ENGINEERING REPORTS : OPEN ACCESS 2020; 2:e12238. [PMID: 32838227 PMCID: PMC7404446 DOI: 10.1002/eng2.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) are DNA/RNA synthetic analogs with 2-([2-aminoethyl] amino) acetic acid backbone. They partake unique antisense and antigene properties, just due to its inhibitory effect on transcription and translation; they also undergo complementary binding to RNA/DNA with high affinity and specificity. Hence, to date, many methods utilizing PNA for diagnosis and treatment of various diseases namely cancer, AIDS, human papillomavirus, and so on, have been designed and developed. They are being used widely in polymerase chain reaction modulation/mutation, fluorescent in-situ hybridization, and in microarray as a probe; they are also utilized in many in-vitro and in-vivo assays and for developing micro and nano-sized biosensor/chip/array technologies. Earlier reviews, focused only on PNA properties, structure, and modifications related to diagnostics and therapeutics; our review emphasizes on PNA properties and synthesis along with its potential applications in diagnosis and therapeutics. Furthermore, prospects in biomedical applications of PNAs are being discussed in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij RB Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of ScienceIndira Gandhi National Tribal UniversityAmarkantakMadhya Pradesh484887India
| | - Parikipandla Sridevi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of ScienceIndira Gandhi National Tribal UniversityAmarkantakMadhya Pradesh484887India
| | - Ravindra Pratap Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of ScienceIndira Gandhi National Tribal UniversityAmarkantakMadhya Pradesh484887India
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17
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Altrichter Y, Seitz O. Simultaneous Targeting of Two Master Regulators of Apoptosis with Dual-Action PNA- and DNA-Peptide Conjugates. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:1928-1937. [PMID: 32567853 PMCID: PMC7583637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Conjugation of peptides with oligonucleotides offers opportunities for combining the strengths of both biopolymer classes. Herein, we show that the combination of a peptide-based module with an antisense oligonucleotide module provides for enhancements of potency and a widened scope of cell delivery options. The peptide unit comprises a Smac mimetic compound (SMCs) which antagonizes the action of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) frequently overexpressed in cancer cells. To counteract SMC resistance, the antisense module downregulates the cellular FLICE-like protein (c-FLIP), a master regulator of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway. We compared c-FLIP antisense units based on oligophosphorothioate (PSO) and peptide nucleic acid (PNA) architectures. Owing to the ease of synthesis, PNA conjugates combined with a cell penetrating peptide (CPP) offer a seemingly ideal solution for cell delivery of dual activity agents. However, our investigations revealed that such congeners have to be handled with care to avoid off-target effects. By contrast, PSO conjugates provided a more robust and specific activity for inducing death of SMC-resistant A549 cells due to a simultaneous activation of caspases and c-FLIP knockdown. We show that lipofection is a convenient approach for delivery of peptide-PSO conjugates into cells. The results highlight that the combination of the peptide and the DNA world confers properties inaccessible by the unconjugated components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannic Altrichter
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität
zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Seitz
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität
zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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18
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Antibacterial Peptide Nucleic Acids-Facts and Perspectives. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030559. [PMID: 32012929 PMCID: PMC7038079 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is an escalating, worldwide problem. Due to excessive use of antibiotics, multidrug-resistant bacteria have become a serious threat and a major global healthcare problem of the 21st century. This fact creates an urgent need for new and effective antimicrobials. The common strategies for antibiotic discovery are based on either modifying existing antibiotics or screening compound libraries, but these strategies have not been successful in recent decades. An alternative approach could be to use gene-specific oligonucleotides, such as peptide nucleic acid (PNA) oligomers, that can specifically target any single pathogen. This approach broadens the range of potential targets to any gene with a known sequence in any bacterium, and could significantly reduce the time required to discover new antimicrobials or their redesign, if resistance arises. We review the potential of PNA as an antibacterial molecule. First, we describe the physicochemical properties of PNA and modifications of the PNA backbone and nucleobases. Second, we review the carriers used to transport PNA to bacterial cells. Furthermore, we discuss the PNA targets in antibacterial studies focusing on antisense PNA targeting bacterial mRNA and rRNA.
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19
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Dutta RK, Chinnapaiyan S, Unwalla H. Aberrant MicroRNAomics in Pulmonary Complications: Implications in Lung Health and Diseases. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 18:413-431. [PMID: 31655261 PMCID: PMC6831837 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, evolutionarily conserved molecular networks have emerged as important regulators in the expression and function of eukaryotic genomes. Recently, miRNAs (miRNAs), a large family of small, non-coding regulatory RNAs were identified in these networks as regulators of endogenous genes by exerting post-transcriptional gene regulation activity in a broad range of eukaryotic species. Dysregulation of miRNA expression correlates with aberrant gene expression and can play an essential role in human health and disease. In the context of the lung, miRNAs have been implicated in organogenesis programming, such as proliferation, differentiation, and morphogenesis. Gain- or loss-of-function studies revealed their pivotal roles as regulators of disease development, potential therapeutic candidates/targets, and clinical biomarkers. An altered microRNAome has been attributed to several pulmonary diseases, such as asthma, chronic pulmonary obstructive disease, cystic fibrosis, lung cancer, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Considering the relevant roles and functions of miRNAs under physiological and pathological conditions, they may lead to the invention of new diagnostic and therapeutic tools. This review will focus on recent advances in understanding the role of miRNAs in lung development, lung health, and diseases, while also exploring the progress and prospects of their application as therapeutic leads or as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Kumar Dutta
- Department of Immunology and Nano-medicine, Institute of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Srinivasan Chinnapaiyan
- Department of Immunology and Nano-medicine, Institute of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Hoshang Unwalla
- Department of Immunology and Nano-medicine, Institute of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
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20
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Oshchepkova A, Neumestova A, Matveeva V, Artemyeva L, Morozova K, Kiseleva E, Zenkova M, Vlassov V. Cytochalasin-B-Inducible Nanovesicle Mimics of Natural Extracellular Vesicles That Are Capable of Nucleic Acid Transfer. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E750. [PMID: 31683842 PMCID: PMC6915531 DOI: 10.3390/mi10110750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles provide cell-to-cell communication and have great potential for use as therapeutic carriers. This study was aimed at the development of an extracellular vesicle-based system for nucleic acid delivery. Three types of nanovesicles were assayed as oligonucleotide carriers: mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles and mimics prepared either by cell treatment with cytochalasin B or by vesicle generation from plasma membrane. Nanovesicles were loaded with a DNA oligonucleotide by freezing/thawing, sonication, or permeabilization with saponin. Oligonucleotide delivery was assayed using HEK293 cells. Extracellular vesicles and mimics were characterized by a similar oligonucleotide loading level but different efficiency of oligonucleotide delivery. Cytochalasin-B-inducible nanovesicles exhibited the highest level of oligonucleotide accumulation in HEK293 cells and a loading capacity of 0.44 ± 0.05 pmol/µg. The loaded oligonucleotide was mostly protected from nuclease action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Oshchepkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Alexandra Neumestova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Vera Matveeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Lyudmila Artemyeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Ksenia Morozova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Elena Kiseleva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Marina Zenkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Valentin Vlassov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
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21
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Fazil MHUT, Chalasani MLS, Choong YK, Schmidtchen A, Verma NK, Saravanan R. A C-terminal peptide of TFPI-1 facilitates cytosolic delivery of nucleic acid cargo into mammalian cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1862:183093. [PMID: 31672541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.183093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Efficient intracellular nucleic acid delivery into mammalian cells remains a long-standing challenge owing to poor cell permeability and uptake of naked nucleic acids across the cell membrane and limited cargo stability. Conventional delivery methods have several drawbacks, such as cytotoxicity, limited cell-type applicability, low efficiency, hindrances that limit the potential of oligonucleotide delivery in functional genomics, therapeutics and diverse research applications. Thus, new approaches that are robust, safe, effective and valid across multiple cell types are much needed. Here, we demonstrate that GGL27, a TFPI-1-derived novel cationic host defence peptide, facilitates the delivery of nucleic acid cargo into the cytosol of a range of mammalian cells. The GGL27 peptide is non-cytotoxic and is internalized in a broad range of mammalian cell-types, including transformed cell lines and primary cells. GGL27 spontaneously forms complexes with nucleic acids of variable sizes, protects them from nuclease degradation, and delivers cargo effectively. Together, our observations demonstrate the versatile cell-penetrating property of GGL27, providing an excellent template for developing a simple, non-toxic peptide-based cytosolic delivery tool for wide use in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yeu Khai Choong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden; Wound Healing Centre, Bispebjerg Hospital, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Navin Kumar Verma
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore; Skin Research Institute of Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, Clinical Sciences Building, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Rathi Saravanan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
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22
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Chinak O, Golubitskaya E, Pyshnaya I, Stepanov G, Zhuravlev E, Richter V, Koval O. Nucleic Acids Delivery Into the Cells Using Pro-Apoptotic Protein Lactaptin. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1043. [PMID: 31619993 PMCID: PMC6759801 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell penetrating peptides (CPP) are promising agents for transporting diverse cargo into the cells. The amino acid sequence and the mechanism of lactaptin entry into the cells allow it to be included into CPP group. Lactaptin, the fragment of human milk kappa-casein, and recombinant lactaptin (RL2) were initially discovered as molecules that induced apoptosis of cultured cancer cells and did not affect non-malignant cells. Here, we analyzed the recombinant lactaptin potency to form complexes with nucleic acids and to act as a gene delivery system. To study RL2-dependent delivery, three type of nucleic acid were used as a models: plasmid DNA (pDNA), siRNA, and non-coding RNA which allow to detect intracellular localization through their functional activity. We have demonstrated that RL2 formed positively charged noncovalent 110-nm-sized complexes with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-expressing plasmid DNA. Ca2+ ions stabilized these complexes, whereas polyanion heparin displaced DNA from the complexes. The functional activity of delivered nucleic acids were assessed by fluorescent microscopy using A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells and A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells. We observed that RL2:pDNA complexes provided EGFP expression in the treated cells and that strongly confirmed the entering pDNA into the cells. The efficiency of cell transformation by these complexes increased when RL2:pDNA ratio increased. Pre-treatment of the cells with anti-RL2 antibodies partly inhibited the entry of pDNA into the cells. RL2-mediated delivery of siRNA against EGFP was analyzed when A549 cells were co-transfected with EGFP-pDNA and RL2:siRNA complexes. siRNA against EGFP efficiently inhibited the expression of EGFP being delivered as RL2:siRNA complexes. We have previously demonstrated that non-coding U25 small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) can decrease cell viability. Cancer cell transfection with RL2-snoRNA U25 complexes lead to a substantial decrease of cell viability, confirming the efficiency of snoRNA U25 delivery. Collectively, these findings indicate that recombinant lactaptin is able to deliver noncovalently associated nucleic acids into cancer cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Chinak
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Golubitskaya
- Laboratory of Genome Editing, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Inna Pyshnaya
- Laboratory of Biomedical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Grigory Stepanov
- Laboratory of Genome Editing, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgenii Zhuravlev
- Laboratory of Genome Editing, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Richter
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Olga Koval
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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23
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Benizri S, Gissot A, Martin A, Vialet B, Grinstaff MW, Barthélémy P. Bioconjugated Oligonucleotides: Recent Developments and Therapeutic Applications. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:366-383. [PMID: 30608140 PMCID: PMC6766081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oligonucleotide-based agents have the potential to treat or cure almost any disease, and are one of the key therapeutic drug classes of the future. Bioconjugated oligonucleotides, a subset of this class, are emerging from basic research and being successfully translated to the clinic. In this Review, we first briefly describe two approaches for inhibiting specific genes using oligonucleotides-antisense DNA (ASO) and RNA interference (RNAi)-followed by a discussion on delivery to cells. We then summarize and analyze recent developments in bioconjugated oligonucleotides including those possessing GalNAc, cell penetrating peptides, α-tocopherol, aptamers, antibodies, cholesterol, squalene, fatty acids, or nucleolipids. These novel conjugates provide a means to enhance tissue targeting, cell internalization, endosomal escape, target binding specificity, resistance to nucleases, and more. We next describe those bioconjugated oligonucleotides approved for patient use or in clinical trials. Finally, we summarize the state of the field, describe current limitations, and discuss future prospects. Bioconjugation chemistry is at the centerpiece of this therapeutic oligonucleotide revolution, and significant opportunities exist for development of new modification chemistries, for mechanistic studies at the chemical-biology interface, and for translating such agents to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Benizri
- Inserm U1212, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- CNRS 5320, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- Universitéde Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, F-33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Arnaud Gissot
- Inserm U1212, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- CNRS 5320, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- Universitéde Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, F-33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Andrew Martin
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Brune Vialet
- Inserm U1212, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- CNRS 5320, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- Universitéde Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, F-33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Mark W. Grinstaff
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Philippe Barthélémy
- Inserm U1212, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- CNRS 5320, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
- Universitéde Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, F-33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
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24
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Abstract
With the recent explosion of genomic information on the root causes of disease, there is an increased interest in nucleic acid therapeutics, including siRNA and gene therapy, all of which require delivery of highly charged nucleic acids from siRNA with a molecular weight of about 1.4 × 104 to plasmids with an approximate molecular weight of 2.0-3.0 × 106. This chapter describes the delivery of shRNA via plasmid or siRNA with a peptide-based carrier. We focus on the histidine-lysine peptide which serves as an example for other peptides and polymeric carrier systems. When the HK peptide and nucleic acids are mixed together and interact with one another through ionic and nonionic interactions, nanoplexes are formed. These nanoplexes, carrying either shRNA or siRNA that target oncogenes, provide promising options for the treatment of cancer. We describe methods of preparation and characterization of these nanoplexes using dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, and gel retardation assays. We also provide protocols for transfection in vitro and in vivo for these nanoplexes.
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25
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Montazersaheb S, Hejazi MS, Nozad Charoudeh H. Potential of Peptide Nucleic Acids in Future Therapeutic Applications. Adv Pharm Bull 2018; 8:551-563. [PMID: 30607328 PMCID: PMC6311635 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2018.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide nucleic acids (PNA) are synthetic analog of DNA with a repeating N-(2-aminoethyl)-glycine peptide backbone connected to purine and pyrimidine nucleobases via a linker. Considering the unique properties of PNA, including resistance to enzymatic digestion, higher biostability combined with great hybridization affinity toward DNA and RNA, it has attracted great attention toward PNA- based technology as a promising approach for gene alteration. However, an important challenge in utilizing PNA is poor intracellular uptake. Therefore, some strategies have been developed to enhance the delivery of PNA in order to reach cognate site. Although PNAs primarily demonstrated to act as an antisense and antigene agents for inhibition of transcription and translation of target genes, more therapeutic applications such as splicing modulation and gene editing are also used to produce specific genome modifications. Hence, several approaches based on PNAs technology have been designed for these purposes. This review briefly presents the properties and characteristics of PNA as well as different gene modulation mechanisms. Thereafter, current status of successful therapeutic applications of PNA as gene therapeutic intervention in different research areas with special interest in medical application in particular, anti-cancer therapy are discussed. Then it focuses on possible use of PNA as anti-mir agent and PNA-based strategies against clinically important bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Montazersaheb
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saeid Hejazi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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26
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Lim KRQ, Echigoya Y, Nagata T, Kuraoka M, Kobayashi M, Aoki Y, Partridge T, Maruyama R, Takeda S, Yokota T. Efficacy of Multi-exon Skipping Treatment in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Dog Model Neonates. Mol Ther 2018; 27:76-86. [PMID: 30448197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused by mutations in DMD, which codes for dystrophin. Because the progressive and irreversible degeneration of muscle occurs from childhood, earlier therapy is required to prevent dystrophic progression. Exon skipping by antisense oligonucleotides called phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs), which restores the DMD reading frame and dystrophin expression, is a promising candidate for use in neonatal patients, yet the potential remains unclear. Here, we investigate the systemic efficacy and safety of early exon skipping in dystrophic dog neonates. Intravenous treatment of canine X-linked muscular dystrophy in Japan dogs with a 4-PMO cocktail resulted in ∼3%-27% in-frame exon 6-9 skipping and dystrophin restoration across skeletal muscles up to 14% of healthy levels. Histopathology was ameliorated with the reduction of fibrosis and/or necrosis area and centrally nucleated fibers, significantly in the diaphragm. Treatment induced cardiac multi-exon skipping, though dystrophin rescue was not detected. Functionally, treatment led to significant improvement in the standing test. Toxicity was not observed from blood tests. This is the first study to demonstrate successful multi-exon skipping treatment and significant functional improvement in dystrophic dogs. Early treatment was most beneficial for respiratory muscles, with implications for addressing pulmonary malfunction in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Rowel Q Lim
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Yusuke Echigoya
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada; Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nagata
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Mutsuki Kuraoka
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Masanori Kobayashi
- Department of Reproduction, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo 180-0023, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Aoki
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Terence Partridge
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA; Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Rika Maruyama
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Shin'ichi Takeda
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan.
| | - Toshifumi Yokota
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada; Muscular Dystrophy Canada Research Chair, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada.
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27
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Panya A, Yongpitakwattana P, Budchart P, Sawasdee N, Krobthong S, Paemanee A, Roytrakul S, Rattanabunyong S, Choowongkomon K, Yenchitsomanus PT. Novel bioactive peptides demonstrating anti-dengue virus activity isolated from the Asian medicinal plant Acacia Catechu. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 93:100-109. [PMID: 30225997 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic activities of food-derived bioactive proteins and peptides are attracting increased attention within the research community. Medicinal plants used in traditional medicines are an excellent source of bioactive proteins and peptides, especially those traditionally prepared by water extraction for use as tea or food supplement. In this study, novel bioactive peptides were isolated from enzymatic digests of 33 Thai medicinal plants. The inhibitory activity of each against dengue virus (DENV) infection was investigated. Of 33 plants, peptides from Acacia catechu extract demonstrated the most pronounced anti-DENV activity. Half maximal inhibitory concentration of 0.18 μg/ml effectively inhibited DENV foci formation. Treatment with 1.25 μg/ml crude peptide extract could reduce virus production less than 100-fold with no observable cell toxicity. Peptide sequences were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Two bioactive peptides isolated from Acacia catechu inhibited DENV foci formation >90% at the concentration of 50 μM; therefore, they are recommended for further investigation as antiviral peptides against DENV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aussara Panya
- Center of Excellence in Bioresources for Agriculture, Industry and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Petlada Yongpitakwattana
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prapaphan Budchart
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nunghathai Sawasdee
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sucheewin Krobthong
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, Genome Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Atchara Paemanee
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, Genome Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, Genome Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | | | | | - Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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28
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Lima JF, Carvalho J, Pinto-Ribeiro I, Almeida C, Wengel J, Cerqueira L, Figueiredo C, Oliveira C, Azevedo NF. Targeting miR-9 in gastric cancer cells using locked nucleic acid oligonucleotides. BMC Mol Biol 2018; 19:6. [PMID: 29879907 PMCID: PMC5992815 DOI: 10.1186/s12867-018-0107-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Recently, it has been demonstrated that gastric cancer cells display a specific miRNA expression profile, with increasing evidence of the role of miRNA-9 in this disease. miRNA-9 upregulation has been shown to influence the expression of E-cadherin-encoding gene, triggering cell motility and invasiveness. Results In this study, we designed LNA anti-miRNA oligonucleotides with a complementary sequence to miRNA-9 and tested their properties to both detect and silence the target miRNA. We could identify and visualize the in vitro uptake of low-dosing LNA-based anti-miRNA oligonucleotides without any carrier or transfection agent, as early as 2 h after the addition of the oligonucleotide sequence to the culture medium. Furthermore, we were able to assess the silencing potential of miRNA-9, using different LNA anti-miRNA oligonucleotide designs, and to observe its subsequent effect on E-cadherin expression. Conclusions The administration of anti-miRNA sequences even at low-doses, rapidly repressed the target miRNA, and influenced the expression of E-cadherin by significantly increasing its levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Filipa Lima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal. .,Biomode, 2 S.A., Braga, Portugal. .,i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Carvalho
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Pinto-Ribeiro
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,FMUP, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carina Almeida
- National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV), Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Jesper Wengel
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Nucleic Acid Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Laura Cerqueira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.,Biomode, 2 S.A., Braga, Portugal
| | - Céu Figueiredo
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,FMUP, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Oliveira
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,FMUP, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Filipe Azevedo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
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29
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Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is a fundamental cellular process for the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. RNAi can exogenously be modulated by small RNA oligonucleotides, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), or by antisense oligonucleotides. These small oligonucleotides provided the scientific community with powerful and versatile tools to turn off the expression of genes of interest, and hold out the promise of new therapeutic solutions against a wide range of gene-associated pathologies. However, unmodified nucleic acids are highly instable in biological systems, and their weak interaction with plasma proteins confers an unfavorable pharmacokinetics. In this review, we first provide an overview of the most efficient chemical strategies that, over the past 30 years, have been used to significantly improve the therapeutic potential of oligonucleotides. Oligonucleotides targeting and delivery technologies are then presented, including covalent conjugates between oligonucleotides and targeting ligand, and noncovalent association with lipid or polymer nanoparticles. Finally, we specifically focus on the endosomal escape step, which represents a major stumbling block for the effective use of oligonucleotides as therapeutic agents. The need for approaches to quantitatively measure endosomal escape and cytosolic arrival of biomolecules is discussed in the context of the development of efficient oligonucleotide targeting and delivery vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludger Johannes
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University , Cellular and Chemical Biology, U1143 INSERM, UMR3666 CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Marco Lucchino
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University , Cellular and Chemical Biology, U1143 INSERM, UMR3666 CNRS, Paris, France
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30
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Osborn MF, Khvorova A. Improving siRNA Delivery In Vivo Through Lipid Conjugation. Nucleic Acid Ther 2018; 28:128-136. [PMID: 29746209 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2018.0725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi)-based therapeutics are approaching clinical approval for genetically defined diseases. Current clinical success is a result of significant innovations in the development of chemical architectures that support sustained, multi-month efficacy in vivo following a single administration. Conjugate-mediated delivery has established itself as the most promising platform for safe and targeted small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery. Lipophilic conjugates represent a major class of modifications that improve siRNA pharmacokinetics and enable efficacy in a broad range of tissues. Here, we review current literature and define key features and limitations of this approach for in vivo modulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maire F Osborn
- 1 RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Anastasia Khvorova
- 1 RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, Massachusetts.,2 Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, Massachusetts
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31
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Tomassi S, Ieranò C, Mercurio ME, Nigro E, Daniele A, Russo R, Chambery A, Baglivo I, Pedone PV, Rea G, Napolitano M, Scala S, Cosconati S, Marinelli L, Novellino E, Messere A, Di Maro S. Cationic nucleopeptides as novel non-covalent carriers for the delivery of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) and RNA oligomers. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:2539-2550. [PMID: 29656988 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cationic nucleopeptides belong to a family of synthetic oligomers composed by amino acids and nucleobases. Their capability to recognize nucleic acid targets and to cross cellular membranes provided the basis for considering them as novel non-covalent delivery agents for nucleic acid pharmaceuticals. Herein, starting from a 12-mer nucleopeptide model, the number of cationic residues was modulated in order to obtain new nucleopeptides endowed with high solubility in acqueous medium, acceptable bio-stability, low cytotoxicity and good capability to bind nucleic acid. Two candidates were selected to further investigate their potential as nucleic acid carriers, showing higher efficiency to deliver PNA in comparison with RNA. Noteworthy, this study encourages the development of nucleopeptides as new carriers to extend the known strategies for those nucleic acid analogues, especially PNA, that still remain difficult to drive into the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Tomassi
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Caterina Ieranò
- Molecular Immunology and Immunoregulation, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", IRCCS-Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Emilia Mercurio
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Ersilia Nigro
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Leonardo Bianchi c/o Ospedale Monaldi, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Aurora Daniele
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; Ceinge-Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosita Russo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Angela Chambery
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Ilaria Baglivo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Paolo Vincenzo Pedone
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Rea
- Molecular Immunology and Immunoregulation, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", IRCCS-Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Napolitano
- Molecular Immunology and Immunoregulation, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", IRCCS-Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Scala
- Molecular Immunology and Immunoregulation, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", IRCCS-Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sandro Cosconati
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Luciana Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Messere
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Di Maro
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy.
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32
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Hegarty JP, Stewart DB. Advances in therapeutic bacterial antisense biotechnology. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 102:1055-1065. [PMID: 29209794 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8671-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Antisense therapeutics are a biotechnological form of antibiotic therapy using chemical analogues of short single-stranded nucleic acid sequences modified to form stable oligomers. These molecules are termed antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) because their sequence is complementary, via Watson-Crick specific base pairing, to their target messenger RNA (mRNA). ASOs modify gene expression in this sequence-dependent manner by binding to its complementary mRNA and inhibiting its translation into protein through steric blockage and/or through RNase degradation of the ASO/RNA duplex. The widespread use of conventional antibiotics has led to the increasing emergence of multiple drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria. There is an urgent need to develop alternative therapeutic strategies to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with bacterial infections, and until recently, the use of ASOs as therapeutic agents has been essentially limited to eukaryotic cells, with ASOs as antibacterials having been largely unexplored primarily due to the poor uptake efficiency of antisense molecules by bacteria. There are conceptual advantages to bacterial antisense antibiotic therapies, including a sequence-dependent approach that allows for a rational design to multiple specific molecular targets. This review summarizes the current knowledge of antisense bacterial biotechnology and highlights the recent progress and the current obstacles in their development for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Hegarty
- College of Medicine, Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, 500 University Drive, H137, P.O. Box 850, Hershey, PA, 17033-0850, USA
| | - David B Stewart
- College of Medicine, Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, 500 University Drive, H137, P.O. Box 850, Hershey, PA, 17033-0850, USA.
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33
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Gupta A, Mishra A, Puri N. Peptide nucleic acids: Advanced tools for biomedical applications. J Biotechnol 2017; 259:148-159. [PMID: 28764969 PMCID: PMC7114329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Peptide Nucleic Acids − DNA/RNA analogues. Different Modifications on PNA backbone and their effects. Neutral backbone − remarkable hybridization properties. PNA based biosensors and their diverse biomedical applications. Potential antigene and antisense agents.
Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNAs) are the DNA/RNA analogues in which sugar-phosphate backbone is replaced by N-2-aminoethylglycine repeating units. PNA contains neutral backbone hence due to the absence of electrostatic repulsion, its hybridization shows remarkable stability towards complementary oligonucleotides. PNAs are highly resistant to cleavage by chemicals and enzymes due to the substrate specific nature of enzymes and therefore not degraded inside the cells. PNAs are emerging as new tools in the market due to their applications in antisense and antigene therapies by inhibiting translation and transcription respectively. Hence, several methods based on PNAs have been developed for designing various anticancer and antigene drugs, detection of mutations or modulation of PCR reactions. The duplex homopurine sequence of DNA may also be recognized by PNA, forming firm PNA/DNA/PNA triplex through strand invasion with a looped-out DNA strand. PNAs have also been found to replace DNA probes in varied investigative purposes. There are several disadvantages regarding cellular uptake of PNA, so modifications in PNA backbone or covalent coupling with cell penetrating peptides is necessary to improve its delivery inside the cells. In this review, hybridization properties along with potential applications of PNA in the field of diagnostics and pharmaceuticals are elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, U.P., India.
| | - Anuradha Mishra
- School of Vocational Studies & Applied Sciences, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, U.P., India
| | - Nidhi Puri
- Department of Applied Science & Humanities, I.T.S Engineering College, Greater Noida, U.P., India
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34
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Saneyoshi H, Kondo K, Iketani K, Ono A. Alkyne-linked reduction-activated protecting groups for diverse functionalization on the backbone of oligonucleotides. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:3350-3356. [PMID: 28460887 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A versatile conjugatable/bioreduction-responsive protecting group for phosphodiester moieties was designed, synthesized and incorporated into oligonucleotide strands. Subsequently, controlled pore glass-supported oligonucleotides were conjugated to a variety of functional molecules using a copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction. The functionalized protecting groups were deprotected by a nitroreductase/NADH reduction system to give "naked" oligonucleotides. This method allowed the synthesis of oligonucleotide prodrugs bearing the functionalized protecting group at the desired sites and desired residues on oligodeoxyribonucleotide (ODN) backbones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisao Saneyoshi
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Kondo
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Koichi Iketani
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Akira Ono
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan.
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35
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Nance ME, Hakim CH, Yang NN, Duan D. Nanotherapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 10. [PMID: 28398005 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal X-linked childhood muscle wasting disease caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. Nanobiotechnology-based therapies (such as synthetic nanoparticles and naturally existing viral and nonviral nanoparticles) hold great promise to replace and repair the mutated dystrophin gene and significantly change the disease course. While a majority of DMD nanotherapies are still in early preclinical development, several [such as adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated systemic micro-dystrophin gene therapy] are advancing for phase I clinical trials. Recent regulatory approval of Ataluren (a nonsense mutation read-through chemical) in Europe and Exondys51 (an exon-skipping antisense oligonucleotide drug) in the United States shall offer critical insight in how to move DMD nanotherapy to human patients. Progress in novel, optimized nano-delivery systems may further improve emerging molecular therapeutic modalities for DMD. Despite these progresses, DMD nanotherapy faces a number of unique challenges. Specifically, the dystrophin gene is one of the largest genes in the genome while nanoparticles have an inherent size limitation per definition. Furthermore, muscle is the largest tissue in the body and accounts for 40% of the body mass. How to achieve efficient bodywide muscle targeting in human patients with nanomedication remains a significant translational hurdle. New creative approaches in the design of the miniature micro-dystrophin gene, engineering of muscle-specific synthetic AAV capsids, and novel nanoparticle-mediated exon-skipping are likely to result in major breakthroughs in DMD therapy. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2018, 10:e1472. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1472 This article is categorized under: Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus-Based Structures Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Nance
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Chady H Hakim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA.,National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - N Nora Yang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Dongsheng Duan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Bäumer
- Deparment of Medicine A, Hematology and
Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, Muenster, DE 48149, Germany
| | - Wolfgang E. Berdel
- Deparment of Medicine A, Hematology and
Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, Muenster, DE 48149, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bäumer
- Deparment of Medicine A, Hematology and
Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, Muenster, DE 48149, Germany
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37
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Shabanpoor F, Hammond SM, Abendroth F, Hazell G, Wood MJA, Gait MJ. Identification of a Peptide for Systemic Brain Delivery of a Morpholino Oligonucleotide in Mouse Models of Spinal Muscular Atrophy. Nucleic Acid Ther 2017; 27:130-143. [PMID: 28118087 PMCID: PMC5467147 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2016.0652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides are emerging treatments for neuromuscular diseases, with several splice-switching oligonucleotides (SSOs) currently undergoing clinical trials such as for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). However, the development of systemically delivered antisense therapeutics has been hampered by poor tissue penetration and cellular uptake, including crossing of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) to reach targets in the central nervous system (CNS). For SMA application, we have investigated the ability of various BBB-crossing peptides for CNS delivery of a splice-switching phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligonucleotide (PMO) targeting survival motor neuron 2 (SMN2) exon 7 inclusion. We identified a branched derivative of the well-known ApoE (141–150) peptide, which as a PMO conjugate was capable of exon inclusion in the CNS following systemic administration, leading to an increase in the level of full-length SMN2 transcript. Treatment of newborn SMA mice with this peptide-PMO (P-PMO) conjugate resulted in a significant increase in the average lifespan and gains in weight, muscle strength, and righting reflexes. Systemic treatment of adult SMA mice with this newly identified P-PMO also resulted in small but significant increases in the levels of SMN2 pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) exon inclusion in the CNS and peripheral tissues. This work provides proof of principle for the ability to select new peptide paradigms to enhance CNS delivery and activity of a PMO SSO through use of a peptide-based delivery platform for the treatment of SMA potentially extending to other neuromuscular and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazel Shabanpoor
- 1 Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology , Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Suzan M Hammond
- 2 Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford , Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Abendroth
- 1 Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology , Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Hazell
- 2 Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford , Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J A Wood
- 2 Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford , Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Gait
- 1 Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology , Cambridge, United Kingdom
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38
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Ansari AS, Santerre PJ, Uludağ H. Biomaterials for polynucleotide delivery to anchorage-independent cells. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:7238-7261. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01833a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Comparison of various chemical vectors used for polynucleotide delivery to mammalian anchorage-independent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysha S. Ansari
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | - Paul J. Santerre
- Institute of Biomaterials & Biomedical Engineering
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
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39
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Paul S, Caruthers MH. Synthesis of Phosphorodiamidate Morpholino Oligonucleotides and Their Chimeras Using Phosphoramidite Chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:15663-15672. [PMID: 27934012 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b08854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorodiamidate morpholinos (PMOs) and PMO-DNA chimeras have been prepared on DNA synthesizers using phosphoramidite chemistry. This was possible by first generating boranephosphoroamidate morpholino internucleotide linkages followed by oxidative substitution with four different amines: N,N-dimethylamine, N-methylamine, ammonia, and morpholine. When compared to a natural DNA duplex, the amino modified PMO was found to have a higher melting temperature with either complementary DNA or RNA, whereas the remaining PMO analogues having morpholino, dimethylamino, or N-methylamino phosphorodiamidate linkages had melting temperatures that were either comparable or reduced. Additionally the N,N-dimethylamino PMO-DNA chimeras were found to stimulate RNaseH1 activity. Treatment of HeLa cells with fluorescently labeled PMO chimeras demonstrated that these analogues were efficiently taken up by cells in the presence of a lipid transfection reagent. Because of the simplistic synthesis procedures, various PMO analogues are now readily available and should therefore open new pathways for research into the antisense, diagnostic, and nanotechnology oligonucleotide fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibasish Paul
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Marvin H Caruthers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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40
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Lehto T, Ezzat K, Wood MJA, El Andaloussi S. Peptides for nucleic acid delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 106:172-182. [PMID: 27349594 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acids and their synthetic oligonucleotide (ON) analogs are a group of gene therapeutic compounds which hold enormous clinical potential. Despite their undoubted potential, clinical translation of these molecules, however, has been largely held back by their limited bioavailability in the target tissues/cells. To overcome this, many different drug delivery systems have been devised. Among others, short delivery peptides, called cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), have been demonstrated to allow for efficient delivery of nucleic acids and their ON analogs, in both cell culture and animal models. In this review, we provide brief overview of the latest advances in nucleic acid delivery with CPPs, covering the two main vectorization strategies, covalent conjugation and nanoparticle formation-based approach. In conclusion, CPP-based drug delivery systems have the capacity to overcome the hurdle of delivery and thus have the potential to facilitate the clinical translation of nucleic acid-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taavi Lehto
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden; Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Kariem Ezzat
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
| | - Matthew J A Wood
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, OX13QX Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Samir El Andaloussi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden; Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, OX13QX Oxford, United Kingdom
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41
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Cooper BM, Putnam D. Polymers for siRNA Delivery: A Critical Assessment of Current Technology Prospects for Clinical Application. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:1837-1850. [PMID: 33440520 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The number of polymer-based vectors for siRNA delivery in clinical trials lags behind other delivery strategies; however, the molecular architectures and chemical compositions available to polymers make them attractive candidates for further exploration. Polymer vectors are extensively investigated in academic laboratories worldwide with fundamental progress having recently been made in the areas of high-throughput screening, synthetic methods, cellular internalization, endosomal escape and computational prediction and analysis. This review assesses recent advances within the field and highlights relevant developments from within the complementary fields of nanotechnology and protein chemistry with the intent to propose future work that addresses key gaps within the current body of knowledge, potentially advancing the development of the next generation of polymeric vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey M Cooper
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering and ‡Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - David Putnam
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering and Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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42
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Saneyoshi H, Iketani K, Kondo K, Saneyoshi T, Okamoto I, Ono A. Synthesis and Characterization of Cell-Permeable Oligonucleotides Bearing Reduction-Activated Protecting Groups on the Internucleotide Linkages. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:2149-56. [PMID: 27598574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cell-permeable oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs) bearing reduction-activated protecting groups were synthesized as oligonucleotide pro-drugs. Although these oligonucleotides were amenable to solid-phase DNA synthesis and purification, the protecting group on their phosphodiester moiety could be readily cleaved by nitroreductase and NADH. Moreover, these compounds exhibited good nuclease resistance against 3'-exonuclease and endonuclease and good stability in human serum. Fluorescein-labeled ODNs modified with reduction-activated protecting groups showed better cellular uptake compared with that of naked ODNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisao Saneyoshi
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University , 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Koichi Iketani
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University , 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kondo
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University , 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Takeo Saneyoshi
- Brain Science Institute RIKEN , 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Itaru Okamoto
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University , 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Akira Ono
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University , 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
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43
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Carrell ST, Carrell EM, Auerbach D, Pandey SK, Bennett CF, Dirksen RT, Thornton CA. Dmpk gene deletion or antisense knockdown does not compromise cardiac or skeletal muscle function in mice. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:4328-4338. [PMID: 27522499 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a genetic disorder in which dominant-active DM protein kinase (DMPK) transcripts accumulate in nuclear foci, leading to abnormal regulation of RNA processing. A leading approach to treat DM1 uses DMPK-targeting antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to reduce levels of toxic RNA. However, basal levels of DMPK protein are reduced by half in DM1 patients. This raises concern that intolerance for further DMPK loss may limit ASO therapy, especially since mice with Dmpk gene deletion reportedly show cardiac defects and skeletal myopathy. We re-examined cardiac and muscle function in mice with Dmpk gene deletion, and studied post-maturity knockdown using Dmpk-targeting ASOs in mice with heterozygous deletion. Contrary to previous reports, we found no effect of Dmpk gene deletion on cardiac or muscle function, when studied on two genetic backgrounds. In heterozygous knockouts, the administration of ASOs reduced Dmpk expression in cardiac and skeletal muscle by > 90%, yet survival, electrocardiogram intervals, cardiac ejection fraction and muscle strength remained normal. The imposition of cardiac stress by pressure overload, or muscle stress by myotonia, did not unmask a requirement for DMPK. Our results support the feasibility and safety of using ASOs for post-transcriptional silencing of DMPK in muscle and heart.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Charles A Thornton
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, NY, USA and
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44
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Hegarty JP, Krzeminski J, Sharma AK, Guzman-Villanueva D, Weissig V, Stewart DB. Bolaamphiphile-based nanocomplex delivery of phosphorothioate gapmer antisense oligonucleotides as a treatment for Clostridium difficile. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:3607-19. [PMID: 27536102 PMCID: PMC4975145 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s109600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite being a conceptually appealing alternative to conventional antibiotics, a major challenge toward the successful implementation of antisense treatments for bacterial infections is the development of efficient oligonucleotide delivery systems. Cationic vesicles (bolasomes) composed of dequalinium chloride ("DQAsomes") have been used to deliver plasmid DNA across the cardiolipin-rich inner membrane of mitochondria. As cardiolipin is also a component of many bacterial membranes, we investigated the application of cationic bolasomes to bacteria as an oligonucleotide delivery system. Antisense sequences designed in silico to target the expression of essential genes of the bacterial pathogen, Clostridium difficile, were synthesized as 2'-O-methyl phosphorothioate gapmer antisense oligonucleotides (ASO). These antisense gapmers were quantitatively assessed for their ability to block mRNA translation using luciferase reporter and C. difficile protein expression plasmid constructs in a coupled transcription-translation system. Cationic bolaamphiphile compounds (dequalinium derivatives) of varying alkyl chain length were synthesized and bolasomes were prepared via probe sonication of an aqueous suspension. Bolasomes were characterized by particle size distribution, zeta potential, and binding capacities for anionic oligonucleotide. Bolasomes and antisense gapmers were combined to form antisense nanocomplexes. Anaerobic C. difficile log phase cultures were treated with serial doses of gapmer nanocomplexes or equivalent amounts of empty bolasomes for 24 hours. Antisense gapmers for four gene targets achieved nanomolar minimum inhibitory concentrations for C. difficile, with the lowest values observed for oligonucleotides targeting polymerase genes rpoB and dnaE. No inhibition of bacterial growth was observed from treatments at matched dosages of scrambled gapmer nanocomplexes or plain, oligonucleotide-free bolasomes compared to untreated control cultures. We describe the novel application of cationic bolasomes to deliver ASOs into bacteria. We also report the first successful in vitro antisense treatment to inhibit the growth of C. difficile.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Hegarty
- Deparment of Surgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jacek Krzeminski
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Arun K Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Diana Guzman-Villanueva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nanomedicine Center of Excellence in Translational Research, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Volkmar Weissig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nanomedicine Center of Excellence in Translational Research, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - David B Stewart
- Deparment of Surgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Hershey, PA, USA
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45
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Saberi F, Kamali M, Najafi A, Yazdanparast A, Moghaddam MM. Natural antisense RNAs as mRNA regulatory elements in bacteria: a review on function and applications. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2016; 21:6. [PMID: 28536609 PMCID: PMC5415839 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-016-0007-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring antisense RNAs are small, diffusible, untranslated transcripts that pair to target RNAs at specific regions of complementarity to control their biological function by regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. This review focuses on known cases of antisense RNA control in prokaryotes and provides an overview of some natural RNA-based mechanisms that bacteria use to modulate gene expression, such as mRNA sensors, riboswitches and antisense RNAs. We also highlight recent advances in RNA-based technology. The review shows that studies on both natural and synthetic systems are reciprocally beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Saberi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Kamali
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Najafi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alavieh Yazdanparast
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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46
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Kim S, Lee JH, Kang I, Hyun S, Yu J, Shin C. An Amphiphilic Peptide Induces Apoptosis Through the miR29b-p53 Pathway in Cancer Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2016; 5:e330. [PMID: 27377134 PMCID: PMC5014530 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2016.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Peptides have been in the limelight, as therapeutic agents for cancer treatment through various applications due to their high target selectivity and exceptional ability to penetrate the cell membrane. Recent studies have revealed that synthesized peptides bind to hairpin structures of RNA that affect their activities such as changing the efficacy of microRNA maturation. MicroRNA-mediated p53 activation by the microRNA-29 (miR29) family is one of the most important regulatory pathways in cancer therapeutics. By targeting the suppressors of p53, a tumor suppressor protein, miR29 induces apoptosis of cancer cells through p53 stabilization. Here, we identify a novel synthesized amphiphilic peptide, LK-L1C/K6W/L8C, which enhances expression of miR29b and promotes p53 activity. In the presence of LK-L1C/K6W/L8C, pre-miR29b preferentially forms a complex with the Dicer protein through interaction of LK-L1C/K6W/L8C with the terminal loop region of pre-miR29b, leading to an increase in Dicer processing. Furthermore, LK-L1C/K6W/L8C stimulates apoptosis by improving p53 stability in miR29-inducible HeLa and MCF7 cells. Collectively, our study shows that a peptide can directly influence the miR29b-mediated p53 activation pathway in cancer cells. Therefore, our findings provide the basis for a new, potentially promising peptide-based drug for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Lee
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Igojo Kang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonsil Hyun
- Department of Chemistry and Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanseok Shin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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47
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Abstract
During the three decades of cell-penetrating peptides era the superfamily of CPPs has rapidly expanded, and the quest for new sequences continues. CPPs have been well recognized by scientific community and they have been used for transduction of a wide variety of molecules and particles into cultured cells and in vivo. In parallel with application of CPPs for delivering of active payloads, the mechanisms that such peptides take advantage of for gaining access to cells' insides have been in the focus of intense studies. Although the common denominator "cell penetration" unites all CPPs, the interaction partners on the cell surface, evoked cellular responses and even the uptake mechanisms might greatly vary between different peptide types. Here we present some possibilities for classification of CPPs based on their type of origin, physical-chemical properties, and the extent of modifications and design efforts. We also briefly analyze the internalization mechanisms with regard to their classification into groups based on physical-chemical characteristics.
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48
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Wen R, Banik B, Pathak RK, Kumar A, Kolishetti N, Dhar S. Nanotechnology inspired tools for mitochondrial dysfunction related diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 99:52-69. [PMID: 26776231 PMCID: PMC4798867 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunctions are recognized as major factors for various diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurological disorders, and a group of diseases so called "mitochondrial dysfunction related diseases". One of the major hurdles to gain therapeutic efficiency in diseases where the targets are located in the mitochondria is the accessibility of the targets in this compartmentalized organelle that imposes barriers toward internalization of ions and molecules. Over the time, different tools and techniques were developed to improve therapeutic index for mitochondria acting drugs. Nanotechnology has unfolded as one of the logical and encouraging tools for delivery of therapeutics in controlled and targeted manner simultaneously reducing side effects from drug overdose. Tailor-made nanomedicine based therapeutics can be an excellent tool in the toolbox for diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunctions. In this review, we present an extensive coverage of possible therapeutic targets in different compartments of mitochondria for cancer, cardiovascular, and mitochondrial dysfunction related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Wen
- NanoTherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Bhabatosh Banik
- NanoTherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Rakesh K Pathak
- NanoTherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Anil Kumar
- NanoTherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Nagesh Kolishetti
- NanoTherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States; Partikula LLC, Sunrise, FL 33326, United States
| | - Shanta Dhar
- NanoTherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
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49
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Sigg SJ, Postupalenko V, Duskey JT, Palivan CG, Meier W. Stimuli-Responsive Codelivery of Oligonucleotides and Drugs by Self-Assembled Peptide Nanoparticles. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:935-45. [PMID: 26871486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ever more emerging combined treatments exploiting synergistic effects of drug combinations demand smart, responsive codelivery carriers to reveal their full potential. In this study, a multifunctional stimuli-responsive amphiphilic peptide was designed and synthesized to self-assemble into nanoparticles capable of co-bearing and -releasing hydrophobic drugs and antisense oligonucleotides for combined therapies. The rational design was based on a hydrophobic l-tryptophan-d-leucine repeating unit derived from a truncated sequence of gramicidin A (gT), to entrap hydrophobic cargo, which is combined with a hydrophilic moiety of histidines to provide electrostatic affinity to nucleotides. Stimuli-responsiveness was implemented by linking the hydrophobic and hydrophilic sequence through an artificial amino acid bearing a disulfide functional group (H3SSgT). Stimuli-responsive peptides self-assembled in spherical nanoparticles in sizes (100-200 nm) generally considered as preferable for drug delivery applications. Responsive peptide nanoparticles revealed notable nucleotide condensing abilities while maintaining the ability to load hydrophobic cargo. The disulfide cleavage site introduced in the peptide sequence induced responsiveness to physiological concentrations of reducing agent, serving to release the incorporated molecules. Furthermore, the peptide nanoparticles, singly loaded or coloaded with boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) and/or antisense oligonucleotides, were efficiently taken up by cells. Such amphiphilic peptides that led to noncytotoxic, reduction-responsive nanoparticles capable of codelivering hydrophobic and nucleic acid payloads simultaneously provide potential toward combined treatment strategies to exploit synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severin J Sigg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Viktoriia Postupalenko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jason T Duskey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia G Palivan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Meier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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Jackson A, Jani S, Sala CD, Soler-Bistué AJC, Zorreguieta A, Tolmasky ME. Assessment of configurations and chemistries of bridged nucleic acids-containing oligomers as external guide sequences: a methodology for inhibition of expression of antibiotic resistance genes. Biol Methods Protoc 2016; 1. [PMID: 27857983 PMCID: PMC5108630 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpw001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
External guide sequences (EGSs) are short antisense oligoribonucleotides that elicit RNase P-mediated cleavage of a target mRNA, which results in inhibition of gene expression. EGS technology is used to inhibit expression of a wide variety of genes, a strategy that may lead to development of novel treatments of numerous diseases, including multidrug-resistant bacterial and viral infections. Successful development of EGS technology depends on finding nucleotide analogs that resist degradation by nucleases present in biological fluids and the environment but still elicit RNase P-mediated degradation when forming a duplex with a target mRNA. Previous results suggested that locked nucleic acids (LNA)/DNA chimeric oligomers have these properties. LNA are now considered the first generation of compounds collectively known as bridged nucleic acids (BNAs) – modified ribonucleotides that contain a bridge at the 2ʹ,4ʹ-position of the ribose. LNA and the second-generation BNA, known as BNANC, differ in the chemical nature of the bridge. Chimeric oligomers containing LNA or BNANC and deoxynucleotide monomers in different configurations are nuclease resistant and could be excellent EGS compounds. However, not all configurations may be equally active as EGSs. RNase P cleavage assays comparing LNA/DNA and BNANC/DNA chimeric oligonucleotides that share identical nucleotide sequence but with different configurations were carried out using as target the amikacin resistance aac(6ʹ)-Ib mRNA. LNA/DNA gapmers with 5 and 3/4 LNA residues at the 5ʹ- and 3ʹ-ends, respectively, were the most efficient EGSs while all BNANC/DNA gapmers showed very poor activity. When the most efficient LNA/DNA gapmer was covalently bound to a cell-penetrating peptide, the hybrid compound conserved the EGS activity as determined by RNase P cleavage assays and reduced the levels of resistance to amikacin when added to Acinetobacter baumannii cells in culture, an indication of cellular uptake and biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Jackson
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - Saumya Jani
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - Carol Davies Sala
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA; Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, and FCEyN, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alfonso J C Soler-Bistué
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA; Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, and FCEyN, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Angeles Zorreguieta
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, and FCEyN, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo E Tolmasky
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA
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