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Chakraborty M, Rao A, Mohanty K. Role of Mitochondrial Mutations in Ocular Aggregopathy. Cureus 2022; 14:e27129. [PMID: 36004037 PMCID: PMC9392836 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondria are essential cellular organelles that are responsible for oxidative stress-induced damage in age-dependent neurodegenerations such as glaucoma. Previous studies have linked mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations to cellular energy shortages that result in eye degeneration. Methodology To look for nucleotide variations in mtDNA in exfoliation syndrome/glaucoma (XFS/XFG), we performed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the entire coding region of the mitochondrial genome from peripheral blood of XFS/XFG (n = 25) patients and controls (n = 25). Results This study identified a total of 65 variations in XFS/XFG patients, of which 25 (38%) variations were non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism (nsSNPs). Out of 25 nsSNPs, seven (five nsSNP in MT-ND4 and two in MT-ATP6 gene) were predicted as pathogenic using four different software, namely, SIFT, Polyphene2, mutation taster, and MutPred2. The pathogenic nsSNPs were then subjected to structural change analysis using online tools. Conclusions The pathogenic nsSNPs were found in both proteins' transmembrane domains and were expected to be conserved, but with lower protein stability (ΔΔG <- 0.5), indicating a possibly harmful effect in exfoliation. However, three-dimensional protein analysis indicated that the predicted mutations in MT-ND4 and MT-ATP6 were unlikely to alter the protein function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munmun Chakraborty
- Research, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, IND
- Research, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology School of Biotechnology, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Aparna Rao
- Glaucoma, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Kuldeep Mohanty
- Research, Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, IND
- Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, IND
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Biagioni EM, May LE, Broskey NT. The impact of advanced maternal age on pregnancy and offspring health: A mechanistic role for placental angiogenic growth mediators. Placenta 2021; 106:15-21. [PMID: 33601220 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The birth rates among women of advanced maternal age (AMA) have risen over the last two decades; yet, pregnancies with AMA are considered high-risk and are associated with a significant increase in pregnancy complications. Although the mechanisms leading to pregnancy complications in women with AMA are not fully understood, it has been well established in the literature that offspring exposed to unfavorable environmental conditions in utero, such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and/or intrauterine growth restriction during the early stages of development are subject to long-term health consequences. Additionally, angiogenic growth mediators, which drive vascular development of the placenta, are imbalanced in pregnancies with AMA. These same imbalances also occur in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and obesity. This review discusses the impact of AMA on pregnancy and offspring health, and the potential mechanistic role of placental angiogenic growth mediators in the development of pregnancy complications at AMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ericka M Biagioni
- College of Health and Human Performance, Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA; East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Linda E May
- College of Health and Human Performance, Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA; School of Dental Medicine, Department of Foundational Sciences and Research, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Nicholas T Broskey
- College of Health and Human Performance, Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA; East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
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SOREN SIMSON, SINGH SOHANVIR. Semen quality, lipid peroxidation and expression of mitochondrial gene in ejaculated sperm of Karan Fries (Tharparkar × Holstein Friesian) bulls supplemented with astaxanthin. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v88i12.85756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of astaxanthin (potent herbal antioxidant) supplementation on sperm quality, lipid peroxidation and expression of mitochondrial genes in semen of Karan Fries (Tharparkar × Holstein Friesian) bulls during summer under tropical climatic conditions. Adult healthy bulls (10) were selected and divided equally into 2 groups i.e. control and treatment (supplemented astaxanthin @ 0.25 mg/kg body weight/ day/animal). Ejaculates were collected at weekly interval in early-morning from bulls using artificial-vagina from April to August. Just after collection, semen samples were placed in a water bath (37°C) for semen analysis. Astaxanthin supplementation improved semen quality parameters (volume, motility, concentration, and acrosomeintegrity) over non-supplemented bulls. The major abnormalities were lower in supplemented bulls. Semen malondialdehyde concentration was also lower in treatment than control group. The higher concentration of total antioxidant capacity was observed during July and August in supplemented bulls. Relative expression (mRNA) of succinate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase and mitochondrial transcription factor-A was upregulated in spermatozoa of supplemented bulls than control bulls. Supplementation of astaxanthin to crossbred bulls during summer improved the semen quality by improving the antioxidant activity and modulating the mitocondrial gene expression during the summer season in the tropical climate. Therefore, astaxanthin supplementation could be suggested for improving the semen quality of crossbred bulls during summer season.
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Ji J, Xu M, Wang R, Wang Y, Qin Y, Li L, Zheng H, Yang S, Li S, Miao D, Jin L, Zhou L, Ling X, Xia Y, Lu C, Wang X. Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup M8a influences the penetrance of m.8684C>T in Han Chinese men with non-obstructive azoospermia. Reprod Biomed Online 2018; 37:480-488. [PMID: 30236824 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION What is the role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the pathogenesis of non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA)? DESIGN mtDNA genome sequencing followed by an independent population validation were performed in 628 NOA cases and 584 healthy controls. Antioxidant capacity of serum was evaluated in 54 randomly selected cases out of 536 and 49 out of 489 controls. RESULTS In the screening stage, 13 mtDNA haplogroups (hg) were ascertained, and 10 susceptible variants were observed. In the validation stage, hg M8* in individuals was found to be associated with increased risk of NOA [odds ratio (OR) 2.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.47-4.61] (P=0.001). Unexpectedly, the frequency of m.8684C>T, the defining marker for hg M8a, was also higher in NOA (OR 4.14, 95% CI 1.56-11.03) (P=0.002). Subsequently, the frequency distributions were compared among the sub-hg of hg M8* (including hg M8a, C and Z) and, intriguingly, no significance was found in hg C and Z. Additionally, the level of total antioxidant capacity was significantly decreased (P<0.05) compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS hg M8a background in general played an active role in the penetrance of 8684C>T in NOA, and mtDNA genetic variants (causing low antioxidant levels) might increase mtDNA damage and impair normal spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
| | - Miaofei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Research Centre for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
| | - Yufeng Qin
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle ParkNC27709, USA
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Hongxiang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Shuping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Shilin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Dengshun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China; Research Centre for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
| | - Xiufeng Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China.
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China.
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Soren S, Vir Singh S, Singh P. Seasonal variation of mitochondria activity related and heat shock protein genes in spermatozoa of Karan Fries bulls in tropical climate. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2017.1361584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simson Soren
- Khalsa College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Amritsar, India
| | - Sohan Vir Singh
- Climate Resilient Livestock Research Centre, Dairy Cattle Physiology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR-NDRI), Karnal, India
| | - Pawan Singh
- Livestock Production and Management Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR-NDRI), Karnal, India
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Bonanno O, Romeo G, Asero P, Pezzino FM, Castiglione R, Burrello N, Sidoti G, Frajese GV, Vicari E, D'Agata R. Sperm of patients with severe asthenozoospermia show biochemical, molecular and genomic alterations. Reproduction 2016; 152:695-704. [PMID: 27651518 DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The multifactorial pathological condition, that is, severe low sperm motility is a frequent cause of infertility. However, mechanisms underlying the development of this condition are not completely understood. Single abnormalities have been reported in sperm of patients with asthenozoospermia. In this study, we characterized, in 22 normozoospermic men and in 37 patients with asthenozoospermia, biochemical, molecular and genomic abnormalities that frequently occur in sperm of patients with asthenozoospermia. We evaluated a panel of sperm biomarkers that may affect the motility and fertilizing ability of sperm of patients with severe asthenozoospermia. Since reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is involved in the pathogenesis of such sperm abnormalities, we determined the association between ROS production and sperm abnormalities. High percentage of patients with severe asthenozoospermia showed increased basal and stimulated ROS production. Moreover, these patients showed increased mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number but decreased mtDNA integrity and they were associated with elevated ROS levels. Furthermore, mitochondrial membrane potential was also significantly decreased and again associated with high ROS production in these patients. However, the rate of nuclear DNA fragmentation was increased only in less than one-fifth of these patients. An important cohort of these patients showed multiple identical biochemical, molecular and genomic abnormalities, which are typical manifestations of oxidative stress. The most frequent association was found in patients with high ROS levels, increased mtDNA copy number and decreased integrity, and low MMP. A smaller cohort of the aforementioned patients also showed nDNA fragmentation. Therefore, patients with asthezoospermia likely present reduced fertilizing potential because of such composed abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriana Bonanno
- Section of EndocrinologyAndrology and Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Pediatric Sciences
| | - Giulietta Romeo
- Section of Clinic Pathology and Molecular OncologyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Asero
- Section of EndocrinologyAndrology and Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Pediatric Sciences
| | - Franca Maria Pezzino
- Section of Clinic Pathology and Molecular OncologyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Roberto Castiglione
- Section of EndocrinologyAndrology and Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Pediatric Sciences
| | - Nunziatina Burrello
- Section of EndocrinologyAndrology and Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Pediatric Sciences
| | - Giuseppe Sidoti
- Division of Internal MedicineGaribaldi Hospital Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Enzo Vicari
- Section of EndocrinologyAndrology and Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Pediatric Sciences
| | - Rosario D'Agata
- Section of EndocrinologyAndrology and Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Pediatric Sciences
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7
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Singal AK, Jain VG. Maternal and infant characteristics influencing the anogenital distance and penile length in newborns. Andrologia 2015; 48:708-13. [PMID: 26666590 DOI: 10.1111/and.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that maternal characteristics can affect reproductive health of offspring, possibly through pre-natal hormonal influence. Anogenital distance (AGD) is an anthropometric measure which is a sensitive reproductive endpoint of masculinisation. It provides a read-out of pre-natal androgen exposure and has been associated with several reproductive health outcomes in humans. We studied AGD and stretched penile length (SPL) in a large, racially homogenous sample of consecutive newborns to understand their association with maternal and infant characteristics. A prospective cross-sectional study involving measurement of AGD and SPL at birth was performed by a single trained observer. A total of 1077 newborns (553 males and 524 females) were included in final anthropometric analysis. The mean AGD of males was 2.56 ± 0.31 cm, and the mean AGD of females was 1.54 ± 0.17 cm. The mean SPL of males was 3.31 ± 0.38 cm. On multiple regression analysis, for both males and females, birthweight (β = 0.229, P < 0.001 and β = 0.135, P < 0.001, respectively) was modest but significant predictor for AGD. For SPL, only gestational age (β = 0.054, P < 0.001) was found to be statistically significant predictor. There was no significant association observed for gravidity, parity and maternal age with both AGD and SPL. Thus, no maternal characteristics (age, gravidity, parity) influence AGD or SPL in human infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbinder Kumar Singal
- MITR Hospital & Hypospadias Foundation, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India.,Division of Pediatric Urology, MGM Medical College and MGM University of Health Sciences, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Viral G Jain
- MITR Hospital & Hypospadias Foundation, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India.,Department of Pediatrics, MetroHealth Medical Centre, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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8
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Gholinezhad Chari M, Hosseinzadeh Colagar A, Bidmeshkipour A. A novel large-scale deletion of the mitochondrial DNA of spermatozoa of men in north iran. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2015; 8:453-63. [PMID: 25780528 PMCID: PMC4355932 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2015.4185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Background To investigate the level of correlation between large-scale deletions of the
mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) with defective sperm function. Materials and Methods In this analytic study, a total of 25 semen samples of the nor-
mozoospermic infertile men from North of Iran were collected from the IVF center in
an infertility clinic. The swim-up procedure was performed for the separation of spermatozoa into two groups; (normal motility group and abnormal motility group) by 2.0 ml
of Ham’s F-10 medium and 1.0 ml of semen. After total DNA extraction, a long-range
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used to determine the mtDNA deletions
in human spermatozoa. Results The products of PCR analysis showed a common 4977 bp deletion and a novel
4866 bp deletion (flanked by a seven-nucleotide direct repeat of 5΄-ACCCCCT-3΄ within the
deleted area) from the mtDNA of spermatozoa in both groups. However, the frequency of
mtDNA deletions in abnormal motility group was significantly higher than the normal motility group (56, and 24% for 4866 bp-deleted mtDNA and, 52, and 28% for 4977 bp-deleted
mtDNA, respectively). Conclusion It is suggested that large-scale deletions of the mtDNA is associated with
poor sperm motility and may be a causative factor in the decline of fertility in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Gholinezhad Chari
- Fatemehzahra Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran ; Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Ali Bidmeshkipour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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Joseph AM, Nguyen LMD, Welter AE, Dominguez JM, Behnke BJ, Adhihetty PJ. Mitochondrial adaptations evoked with exercise are associated with a reduction in age-induced testicular atrophy in Fischer-344 rats. Biogerontology 2014; 15:517-534. [PMID: 25108553 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-014-9526-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction in various tissues has been associated with numerous conditions including aging. In testes, aging induces atrophy and a decline in male reproductive function but the involvement of mitochondria is not clear. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the mitochondrial profile differed with (1) aging, and (2) 10-weeks of treadmill exercise training, in the testes of young (6 month) and old (24 month) Fischer-344 (F344) animals. Old animals exhibited significant atrophy (30 % decline; P < 0.05) in testes compared to young animals. However, relative mitochondrial content was not reduced with age and this was consistent with the lack of change in the mitochondrial biogenesis regulator protein, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha and its downstream targets nuclear respiratory factor-1 and mitochondrial transcription factor A. No effect was observed in the pro- or anti-apoptotic proteins, Bax and Bcl-2, respectively, but age increased apoptosis inducing factor levels. Endurance training induced beneficial mitochondrial adaptations that were more prominent in old animals including greater increases in relative mtDNA content, biogenesis/remodeling (mitofusin 2), antioxidant capacity (mitochondrial superoxide dismutase) and lower levels of phosphorylated histone H2AX, an early marker of DNA damage (P < 0.05). Importantly, these exercise-induced changes were associated with an attenuation of testes atrophy in older sedentary animals (P < 0.05). Our results indicate that aging-induced atrophy in testes may not be associated with changes in relative mitochondrial content and key regulatory proteins and that exercise started in late-life elicits beneficial changes in mitochondria that may protect against age-induced testicular atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-M Joseph
- Institute on Aging, Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - L M-D Nguyen
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - A E Welter
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - J M Dominguez
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - B J Behnke
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - P J Adhihetty
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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Baklouti-Gargouri S, Ghorbel M, Ben Mahmoud A, Mkaouar-Rebai E, Cherif M, Chakroun N, Sellami A, Fakhfakh F, Ammar-Keskes L. Identification of a novel m.9588G > a missense mutation in the mitochondrial COIII gene in asthenozoospermic Tunisian infertile men. J Assist Reprod Genet 2014; 31:595-600. [PMID: 24550096 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0187-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Infertility affects 10-15 % of the population, of which, approximately 40 % is due to male etiology consisting primarily of low sperm count (oligozoospermia) and/or abnormal sperm motility (asthenozoospermia). It has been demonstrated that mtDNA base substitutions can greatly influence semen quality. METHODS In the present study we performed a systematic sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase III (COIII) gene in 31 asthenozoospermic infertile men in comparaison to normozoospermic infertile men (n=33) and fertile men (n=150) from Tunisian population. RESULTS A novel m.9588G>A mutation was found in the mtDNA sperm's in all asthenozoospermic patients and was absent in the normozoospermic and in fertile men. The m.9588G>A mutation substitutes a highly conserved Glutamate at position 128 to Lysine. In addition, PolyPhen-2 analysis predicted that this variant is "probably damaging".
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwar Baklouti-Gargouri
- Laboratory of Molecular Human Genetics, Sfax Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Avenue Majida Boulila, 3029, Sfax, Tunisia,
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11
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Barrett ES, Parlett LE, Redmon JB, Swan SH. Evidence for sexually dimorphic associations between maternal characteristics and anogenital distance, a marker of reproductive development. Am J Epidemiol 2014; 179:57-66. [PMID: 24124194 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwt220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Data from animal models, historical cohorts, and modern epidemiologic studies have suggested that maternal characteristics can affect reproductive health of offspring; however, distinguishing between prenatal and postnatal contributions is difficult. Anogenital distance (AGD), the distance from the anus to the genitals, is believed to be a biomarker of prenatal androgen exposure in many species, and in humans it has been associated with several adult reproductive health outcomes. We used data from a pregnancy cohort study conducted in 4 US cities from 1999-2005 to examine whether AGD measurements in infants were associated with maternal self-reported age at conception, age at menarche, age at first birth, parity, and gravidity. AGD was measured in 289 infants (140 male, 149 female) born to study participants. After adjustment for relevant covariates, in linear regression models stratified by infant sex, maternal age was positively associated with AGD in male infants (AGD, anus to penis: β = 0.50, P = 0.002; AGD, anus to scrotum: β = 0.29, P = 0.02) but not female infants. Parity was inversely associated with AGD (anus to scrotum; β = -1.68, P = 0.03) in male infants. No other maternal characteristic predicted AGD in either sex. The mechanism underlying the unexpected relationship between maternal characteristics and AGD is unknown; however, we suggest several possibilities for future study.
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12
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Tomar R, Mishra AK, Mohanty NK, Jain AK. Altered Expression of Succinic Dehydrogenase in Asthenozoospermia Infertile Male. Am J Reprod Immunol 2012; 68:486-90. [DOI: 10.1111/aji.12023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Tomar
- Department of Electron Microscopy and Environmental Toxicology; National Institute of Pathology; New Delhi; India
| | - Ashwini K. Mishra
- Department of Electron Microscopy and Environmental Toxicology; National Institute of Pathology; New Delhi; India
| | | | - Arun K. Jain
- Department of Electron Microscopy and Environmental Toxicology; National Institute of Pathology; New Delhi; India
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13
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Palomba S, Falbo A, Espinola S, Rocca M, Capasso S, Cappiello F, Zullo F. Effects of highly purified follicle-stimulating hormone on sperm DNA damage in men with male idiopathic subfertility: a pilot study. J Endocrinol Invest 2011; 34:747-52. [PMID: 21606671 DOI: 10.3275/7745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gonadotropins administration have been demonstrated effective for the treatment of idiopathic male infertility, even if no clear data regarding their specific mechanism of action on semen quality are at the moment available. AIM To evaluate the effect of highly purified FSH (hpFSH) administration on standard semen parameters, sperm oxidative stress, and sperm chromatin structure and DNA fragmentation. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the current prospective baseline-controlled study, 36 subjects with male idiophatic infertility were enrolled. Baseline clinical and biochemical data were evaluated. Before and after 3 months of treatment with hpFSH, sperm samples were collected and standard semen analysis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assessment and sperm DNA fragmentation were evaluated. RESULTS A significant (p<0.05) improvement from baseline in standard seminal parameters was observed. A significant (p<0.05) reduction in sperm ROS levels and DNA fragmentation was observed. Statistically significant (p<0.05) correlations between variation in ROS levels and both seminal parameters and DNA fragmentation variations were detected. CONCLUSIONS Three months of hpFSH administration seems to reduce ROS and DNA damage in subjects with male idiopathic subfertility improving semen parameters. Further evidences from well-designed randomized double-blind placebo- controlled studies are needed in order to confirm our preliminary results.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Palomba
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Via T. Campanella 182/I, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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Bentov Y, Yavorska T, Esfandiari N, Jurisicova A, Casper RF. The contribution of mitochondrial function to reproductive aging. J Assist Reprod Genet 2011; 28:773-83. [PMID: 21617930 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-011-9588-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The number of women attempting to conceive between the ages of 36 and 44 has increased significantly in the last decade. While it is well established that women's reproductive success dramatically declines with age, the underlying physiological changes responsible for this phenomenon are not well understood. With assisted reproductive technologies, it is clear that oocyte quality is a likely cause since women over 40 undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) with oocytes donated by younger women have success rates comparable to young patients. Apart from oocyte donation, there is no known intervention to improve the pregnancy outcome of older patients. The aim of this paper was the review the relevant data on the potential role of mitochondria in reproductive aging. METHOD Review of current literature on the subject. RESULTS We present the current evidence that associate mitochondrial dysfunction with age related decrease in female reproductive outcome. CONCLUSIONS The aging process is complex, driven by a multitude of factors thought to modulate cellular and organism life span. Although the factors responsible for diminished oocyte quality remain to be elucidated, the present review focuses on the potential role of impaired mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaakov Bentov
- Toronto Centre for Advanced Reproductive Technology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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15
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Kumar M, Pathak D, Kriplani A, Ammini AC, Talwar P, Dada R. Nucleotide variations in mitochondrial DNA and supra-physiological ROS levels in cytogenetically normal cases of premature ovarian insufficiency. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2010; 282:695-705. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-010-1623-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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16
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Brenner CA, Kubisch HM, Pierce KE. Role of the mitochondrial genome in assisted reproductive technologies and embryonic stem cell-based therapeutic cloning. Reprod Fertil Dev 2007; 16:743-51. [PMID: 15740697 DOI: 10.1071/rd04107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2004] [Accepted: 10/19/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a pivotal role in cellular metabolism and are important determinants of embryonic development. Mitochondrial function and biogenesis rely on an intricate coordination of regulation and expression of nuclear and mitochondrial genes. For example, several nucleus-derived transcription factors, such as mitochondrial transcription factor A, are required for mitochondrial DNA replication. Mitochondrial inheritance is strictly maternal while paternally-derived mitochondria are selectively eliminated during early embryonic cell divisions. However, there are reports from animals as well as human patients that paternal mitochondria can occasionally escape elimination, which in some cases has led to severe pathologies. The resulting existence of different mitochondrial genomes within the same cell has been termed mitochondrial heteroplasmy. The increasing use of invasive techniques in assisted reproduction in humans has raised concerns that one of the outcomes of such techniques is an increase in the incidence of mitochondrial heteroplasmy. Indeed, there is evidence that heteroplasmy is a direct consequence of ooplasm transfer, a technique that was used to 'rescue' oocytes from older women by injecting ooplasm from young oocytes. Mitochondria from donor and recipient were found in varying proportions in resulting children. Heteroplasmy is also a byproduct of nuclear transfer, as has been shown in studies on cloned sheep, cattle and monkeys. As therapeutic cloning will depend on nuclear transfer into oocytes and the subsequent generation of embryonic stem cells from resulting blastocysts, the prospect of mitochondrial heteroplasmy and its potential problems necessitate further studies in this area.
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17
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Au HK, Yeh TS, Kao SH, Tzeng CR, Hsieh RH. Abnormal mitochondrial structure in human unfertilized oocytes and arrested embryos. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006; 1042:177-85. [PMID: 15965061 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1338.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the relationship between mitochondria and embryo development, we collected human unfertilized oocytes, early embryos, and arrested embryos. Unfertilized oocytes and poor-quality embryos were collected, and the ultrastructure of mitochondria was determined by transmission electron micrography. Four criteria for determining the mitochondrial state were mitochondrial morphology, cristae shape, location, and number of mitochondria. In mature oocytes, mitochondria were rounded with arched cristae and a dense matrix and were distributed evenly in the ooplasm. In pronuclear zygotes, the size and shape of mitochondria were similar to those in mature oocytes; however, mitochondria appeared to migrate and concentrate around pronuclei. In this study, 67% of examined unfertilized oocytes had fewer mitochondria in the cytoplasm. A decreased number of mitochondria located near the nucleus was also demonstrated in 60% of arrested embryos. Fewer differentiated cristae were determined in all three arrested blastocyst stages of embryos. The relative expressions of oxidative phosphorylation genes in oocytes and embryos were also determined. These data imply that inadequate redistribution of mitochondria, unsuccessful mitochondrial differentiation, or decreased mitochondrial transcription may result in poor oocyte fertilization and compromised embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Kien Au
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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18
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May-Panloup P, Chrétien MF, Malthiery Y, Reynier P. ADN mitochondrial du spermatozoïde. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 34:847-54. [PMID: 16962811 DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2006.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2006] [Accepted: 06/30/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a primary role in cellular energetic metabolism, homeostasis and death. In spermatozoa, in particular, mitochondria produce the ATP necessary for motility. Mitochondrial functions depend, at least partially, on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The mitochondrial genome, the transmission of which is exclusively maternal contributes to cytoplasmic heredity. Qualitative and quantitative mtDNA abnormalities have been associated with male infertility. This review focuses on the role of mtDNA in human fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- P May-Panloup
- Département de pathologie cellulaire et tissulaire, Inserm U694, pôle de biologie, CHU, 49033 Angers, France.
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19
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Harris TP, Gomas KP, Weir F, Holyoake AJ, McHugh P, Wu M, Sin Y, Sin IL, Sin FYT. Molecular analysis of polymerase gamma gene and mitochondrial polymorphism in fertile and subfertile men. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 29:421-33. [PMID: 16487403 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2005.00633.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
CAG trinucleotide repeat length in the nuclear polymerase gamma gene (POLgamma) has been shown to be associated with men with reduced fertility. The present study investigated the frequency of CAG repeat length genotypes and three exonuclease motifs of the POLgamma in relation to the frequency of mitochondrial nucleotide substitutions. DNA from semen samples of 93 normozoospermic men and 192 non-normozoospermic men was isolated and the specific regions of the genes were amplified by polymerase chain reactions (PCR) and sequenced to identify mutations. The genotypic frequencies of pooled POLgamma CAG repeat lengths, =10/ not equal 10 heterozygotes and not equal 10/ not equal 10 homozygotes, were significantly different between normozoospermic and non-normozoospermic men (p < 0.05), with non-normozoospermic men having a slightly higher frequency of the =10/=10 genotypes. The allelic frequency for =10 is 0.79 and not equal10 is 0.21 for normozoospermic men and 0.85 and 0.15, respectively, for non-normozoospermic men (p < 0.025). There was no mutation detected in the exonuclease motifs in all the samples tested. Eighty normozoospermic and 124 non-normozoospermic semen samples were analysed for nucleotide substitutions in mitochondrial genes by PCR and sequencing. Heteroplasmic mutations were found in one azoospermic man, four asthenozoospermic men and two normozoospermic men. Only one asthenozoospermic man was heterozygous for the POLgamma genotype. Of the 17 men with non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions, 14 were homozygous for the POLgamma genotype. Non-normozoospermic men had twice as many nucleotide substitutions than normozoospermic men. However, there were no significant differences in the frequencies of nucleotide substitution and POLgamma genotypes in the two groups of men.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Harris
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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20
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Abstract
Abstract
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) allows the treatment of virtually every type of male infertility. Unlike in vitro fertilization (IVF), its success does not depend on sperm concentration, motility or morphology and most of the physical barriers to fertilisation are by-passes. Since ICSI does not require strongly motile sperm, its use has now been expanded to incorporate immature sperm from the testes and epididymides. Successful fertilisation, pregnancies and healthy babies have all been reported. However, concerns about the safety of ICSI remain due to its short clinical history and the lack of testing on animal models.
Male fertility potential for assisted reproduction by ICSI cannot be measured by conventional parameters. Sperm DNA integrity is increasingly recognised as a more useful indicator. Studies have shown that sperm with higher levels of DNA damage have lower fertilisation rates after IVF and ICSI. Sperm with DNA damage above a certain threshold are associated with a longer time to conceive in otherwise apparently fertile couples and a higher miscarriage rate. DNA damage has been shown to be associated with impaired embryo cleavage. Our group has shown that sperm DNA from testicular sperm is less fragmented than that from epididymal sperm and suggest its preferred use in ICSI.
In addition to nuclear (n) DNA we also assessed the quality of mitochondrial (mt) DNA from testicular sperm from men with obstructive azoospermia undergoing ICSI. We observed that couples achieving a pregnancy had both less mtDNA deletions and less nDNA fragmentation. We found inverse relationships between pregnancy and sperm mtDNA deletion numbers, size and nDNA fragmentation. No relationships were observed with fertilisation rates. With this knowledge, we designed an algorithm for the prediction of pregnancy based on the quality of sperm nDNA and mtDNA.
Each year 40,000 men have a vasectomy in the UK but every year 2500 request a reversal to begin a second family. For such men, vasectomy reversal has recently been replaced in part by testicular biopsy via fine-needle testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) or percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) performed at an outpatient clinic and subsequently used in ICSI. Since these were previously fertile men it has been assumed that they had ‘fertile’ sperm. However the assited conception success rates of these mens partners has not been assessed until recently. We have shown a significant reduction in the clinical pregnancy rates in the partners of men who had had a vasectomy ≥10yrs previously. There is also evidence to suggest that spermatogenesis is significantly impaired in vasectomised men. Marked decreases in spermatocytes, spermatids and spermatozoa have been observed. We have found this to be associated with concomitant increases in apoptotic markers, such as Fas, FasL and Bax. The quality of the remaining sperm is also compromised. Sperm DNA from vasectomized men shows substantial damage which increases with time after surgery. This new use of ICSI will be discussed.
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21
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Tarín JJ, Gómez-Piquer V, Rausell F, Navarro S, Hermenegildo C, Cano A. Delayed Motherhood Decreases Life Expectancy of Mouse Offspring1. Biol Reprod 2005; 72:1336-43. [PMID: 15689534 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.104.038919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyzes the long-term effects of delayed motherhood on reproductive fitness and life expectancy of offspring in the mouse. Hybrid (C57BL/6JIco x CBA/JIco) first-generation (F1) females, either at the age of 10 or 51 wk, were individually housed with a randomly selected 12- to 14-wk-old hybrid male following a breeding pen system until females reached the end of their reproductive life. Reproductive fitness of second-generation (F2) females was tested from the age of 25 wk until the end of their reproductive life. In F2 males, the testing period ranged from the age of 52 wk until their natural death. Delayed motherhood of hybrid F1 female mice was associated with a decreased percentage of male F3 offspring at birth and lower life expectancy and body weight during adulthood of F2 offspring. There was, however, no evident negative effect of delayed motherhood on several reproductive fitness variables in either male or female F2 offspring. This included between-parturition interval, litter size at birth and at weaning, body weight at weaning and preweaning mortality of F3 pups, percentage of F3 litters with at least one pup cannibalized, and time at which female and male F2 offspring ceased their reproductive life. These data clearly show that delayed motherhood in the mouse is associated with negative long-term effects on offspring survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Tarín
- Department of Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
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22
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Carra E, Sangiorgi D, Gattuccio F, Rinaldi AM. Male infertility and mitochondrial DNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004; 322:333-9. [PMID: 15313211 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.07.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial machinery plays a key role in the energy production and maintenance of spermatozoa motility. In this paper 200 idiopathic oligo-asthenozoospermic patients were classified on the basis of rapid progressive motility ("a") and sperm concentration. Mitochondrial enzymatic activity was studied and correlated to the viability of sperm cells. Mitochondrial DNA purified from both motile and non-motile sperm of the same individuals was amplificated using PCR. Results suggested that only motile sperm have organelles functional in oxygen consumption, unequivocally demonstrating that motility depends on the mitochondrial activity. Mitochondrial DNA of oligo-asthenozoospermic patients seemed to present some defects that made DNA unavailable for amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Carra
- Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo A. Monroy Università di Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Palermo, Italy
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23
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Hewitson L, Simerly CR, Schatten G. ICSI, male pronuclear remodeling and cell cycle checkpoints. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2004; 518:199-210. [PMID: 12817688 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-9190-4_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hewitson
- Pittsburgh Development Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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24
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Lewis SEM. Importance of mitochondrial and nuclear sperm DNA in sperm quality assessment and assisted reproduction outcome. HUM FERTIL 2002; 5:102-9. [PMID: 12193793 DOI: 10.1080/1464727022000199012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has made irrelevant the conventional criteria of concentration, motility and morphology for assessment of sperm quality and so we urgently need new assays by which to gauge sperm 'health'. ICSI may be facilitating the transfer of genetic disorders to future generations by bypassing all the natural hurdles for sperm selection without imposing more pertinent criteria of selection. Sperm DNA quality is vital to the future offspring irrespective of whether the child is conceived naturally, by in vitro fertilization (IVF) or by ICSI. The DNA integrity of sperm can be determined quickly and accurately using a range of techniques that also have strong prognostic power in predicting successful IVF and ICSI outcomes with ejaculated sperm. Moreover, there is a close correlation between testicular nuclear DNA integrity and pregnancy rates in ICSI. Mitochondrial DNA can be measured using long PCR in ejaculated and testicular sperm and is also useful for predicting success in assisted conception. This review discusses how the integrity of both nuclear and mitochondrial affect the choice of sperm for assisted conception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheena E M Lewis
- School of Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Queen's University, Institute of Clinical Science, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Northern Ireland, UK
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25
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Abstract
Mitochondria, among other functions, generate energy in the form of ATP. The chondrial genome, located within each mitochondrion, encodes some of the polypeptides associated with the electron transfer chain (ETC) and ATP production. Transcription and replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is dependent upon the import of transcription and replication factors encoded by the nucleus. Certain point mutations and large-scale deletions to mtDNA can be either severely debilitating or lethal. The transmission and inheritance of mtDNA [not readable: see to offspring is strictly regulated and specific to each species. In many mammalian systems, paternal mtDNA is eliminated very early during embryonic development. However, it is possible that the paternal molecule could be extruded to those cells destined to become trophoblasts and may act as a regulator of embryonic cell fate. Furthermore, the increasing use of more sophisticated assisted reproductive techniques has led to the incorporation of extraneous mtDNA in both the reconstructed oocyte and embryo with transmission to the offspring at varying degrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C St John
- Reproductive Biology and Genetics Group, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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26
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Tarín JJ, Vidal E, Pérez-Hoyos S, Cano A, Balasch J. Delayed motherhood increases the probability of sons to be infertile. J Assist Reprod Genet 2001; 18:650-4. [PMID: 11808846 PMCID: PMC3455246 DOI: 10.1023/a:1013163217089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To ascertain whether advanced maternal age at birth is associated with offspring infertility. METHODS A written questionnaire was completed by infertile couples attending our clinic in the presence of a researcher. RESULTS Maternal age at birth (odds ratio 1.236, 95% CI 1.100-1.388) and birth order of all respondents and their respective siblings (odds ratio 0.551, 95% CI 0.351-0.865) were significant predictors of male infertility. The probability of a man being infertile increased as mother's age at birth increased (regression coefficient +/- standard error 0.212 +/- 0.059; P < 0.001), but decreased as birth order increased (regression coefficient +/- standard error -0.596 +/- 0.230; P = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS Delayed motherhood may enhance the probability of sons to be infertile. The probability of a man being infertile would be greater if he comes from a small family than if he comes from a large family.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Tarín
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain.
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27
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Rovio AT, Marchington DR, Donat S, Schuppe HC, Abel J, Fritsche E, Elliott DJ, Laippala P, Ahola AL, McNay D, Harrison RF, Hughes B, Barrett T, Bailey DM, Mehmet D, Jequier AM, Hargreave TB, Kao SH, Cummins JM, Barton DE, Cooke HJ, Wei YH, Wichmann L, Poulton J, Jacobs HT. Mutations at the mitochondrial DNA polymerase (POLG) locus associated with male infertility. Nat Genet 2001; 29:261-2. [PMID: 11687794 DOI: 10.1038/ng759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Human mitochondrial DNA polymerase, encoded by POLG, contains a polyglutamine tract encoded by a CAG microsatellite repeat. Analysis of POLG genotypes in different populations identified an association between absence of the common, ten-repeat allele and male infertility typified by a range of sperm quality defects but excluding azoospermia.
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28
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Ahmed FA, Whelan J, Jequier AM, Cummins JM. Torsion-induced injury in rat testes does not affect mitochondrial respiration or the accumulation of mitochondrial mutations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY 2000; 23:347-56. [PMID: 11114980 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2605.2000.00255.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Male rats were subjected to 1 h testicular torsion of the spermatic cord or 1 h torsion followed by detorsion and recovery up to 4 weeks. The extent of tissue damage was evaluated by a testicular biopsy score count and mitochondrial function. Torsion for 1 h followed by detorsion induced significant morphological damage, which became more severe with longer periods of recovery. This morphological damage could not be correlated with mitochondrial damage as assessed by measuring the 4834 bp mitochondrial DNA 'common deletion' using a quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Mitochondrial respiratory chain activity, as measured by mitochondrial oxygen consumption using an oxygen electrode, did not vary between the treated animals and the controls. We conclude that the common mitochondrial DNA deletion and oxygen consumption are not good indicators of testicular damage induced by torsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6907
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29
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Moore FL, Reijo-Pera RA. Male sperm motility dictated by mother's mtDNA. Am J Hum Genet 2000; 67:543-8. [PMID: 10936105 PMCID: PMC1287514 DOI: 10.1086/303061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2000] [Accepted: 07/20/2000] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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30
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Ruiz-Pesini E, Lapeña AC, Díez-Sánchez C, Pérez-Martos A, Montoya J, Alvarez E, Díaz M, Urriés A, Montoro L, López-Pérez MJ, Enríquez JA. Human mtDNA haplogroups associated with high or reduced spermatozoa motility. Am J Hum Genet 2000; 67:682-96. [PMID: 10936107 PMCID: PMC1287528 DOI: 10.1086/303040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 364] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2000] [Accepted: 07/06/2000] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of mtDNA mutations responsible for human diseases have been associated with molecular defects in the OXPHOS system. It has been proposed that mtDNA genetic alterations can also be responsible for sperm dysfunction. In addition, it was suggested that if sperm dysfunction is the main phenotypic consequence, these mutations could be fixed as stable mtDNA variants, because mtDNA is maternally inherited. To test this possibility, we have performed an extensive analysis of the distribution of mtDNA haplogroups in white men having fertility problems. We have found that asthenozoospermia, but not oligozoospermia, is associated with mtDNA haplogroups in whites. Thus, haplogroups H and T are significantly more abundant in nonasthenozoospermic and asthenozoospermic populations, respectively, and show significant differences in their OXPHOS performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Ruiz-Pesini
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Unidad de Andrología. Hospital 12 de Octubre de Madrid, Clínica Ginecológica de Zaragoza, and Nueva Clínica Quirón de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; and Laboratorio de Reproducción Humana, Hospital Principe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
| | - Ana-Cristina Lapeña
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Unidad de Andrología. Hospital 12 de Octubre de Madrid, Clínica Ginecológica de Zaragoza, and Nueva Clínica Quirón de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; and Laboratorio de Reproducción Humana, Hospital Principe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
| | - Carmen Díez-Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Unidad de Andrología. Hospital 12 de Octubre de Madrid, Clínica Ginecológica de Zaragoza, and Nueva Clínica Quirón de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; and Laboratorio de Reproducción Humana, Hospital Principe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
| | - Acisclo Pérez-Martos
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Unidad de Andrología. Hospital 12 de Octubre de Madrid, Clínica Ginecológica de Zaragoza, and Nueva Clínica Quirón de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; and Laboratorio de Reproducción Humana, Hospital Principe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
| | - Julio Montoya
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Unidad de Andrología. Hospital 12 de Octubre de Madrid, Clínica Ginecológica de Zaragoza, and Nueva Clínica Quirón de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; and Laboratorio de Reproducción Humana, Hospital Principe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
| | - Enrique Alvarez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Unidad de Andrología. Hospital 12 de Octubre de Madrid, Clínica Ginecológica de Zaragoza, and Nueva Clínica Quirón de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; and Laboratorio de Reproducción Humana, Hospital Principe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
| | - Miguel Díaz
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Unidad de Andrología. Hospital 12 de Octubre de Madrid, Clínica Ginecológica de Zaragoza, and Nueva Clínica Quirón de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; and Laboratorio de Reproducción Humana, Hospital Principe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
| | - Antonio Urriés
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Unidad de Andrología. Hospital 12 de Octubre de Madrid, Clínica Ginecológica de Zaragoza, and Nueva Clínica Quirón de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; and Laboratorio de Reproducción Humana, Hospital Principe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
| | - Luis Montoro
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Unidad de Andrología. Hospital 12 de Octubre de Madrid, Clínica Ginecológica de Zaragoza, and Nueva Clínica Quirón de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; and Laboratorio de Reproducción Humana, Hospital Principe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
| | - Manuel J. López-Pérez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Unidad de Andrología. Hospital 12 de Octubre de Madrid, Clínica Ginecológica de Zaragoza, and Nueva Clínica Quirón de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; and Laboratorio de Reproducción Humana, Hospital Principe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
| | - José A. Enríquez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Unidad de Andrología. Hospital 12 de Octubre de Madrid, Clínica Ginecológica de Zaragoza, and Nueva Clínica Quirón de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; and Laboratorio de Reproducción Humana, Hospital Principe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
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31
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St John J, Sakkas D, Dimitriadi K, Barnes A, Maclin V, Ramey J, Barratt C, De Jonge C. Failure of elimination of paternal mitochondrial DNA in abnormal embryos. Lancet 2000; 355:200. [PMID: 10675122 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(99)03842-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Paternal mitochondrial DNA is normally eliminated from mammalian embryos. We have shown the presence of paternal mtDNA at the blastocyst stage in some abnormal human embryos.
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Sutovsky P, Schatten G. Paternal contributions to the mammalian zygote: fertilization after sperm-egg fusion. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CYTOLOGY 1999; 195:1-65. [PMID: 10603574 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(08)62703-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian fertilization has traditionally been regarded as a simple blending of two gametes, during which the haploid genome of the fertilizing spermatozoon constitutes the primary paternal contribution to the resulting embryo. In contrast to this view, new research provides evidence of important cytoplasmic contributions made by the fertilizing spermatozoon to the zygotic makeup, to the organization of preimplantation development, and even reproductive success of new forms of assisted fertilization. The central role of the sperm-contributed centriole in the reconstitution of zygotic centrosome has been established in most mammalian species and is put in contrast with strictly maternal centrosomal inheritance in rodents. The complementary reduction or multiplication of sperm and oocyte organelles during gametogenesis, exemplified by the differences in the biogenesis of centrosome in sperm and oocytes, represents an intriguing mechanism for avoiding their redundancy during early embryogenesis. New studies on perinuclear theca of sperm revealed its importance for both spermatogenesis and fertilization. Remodeling of the sperm chromatin into a male pronucleus is guided by oocyte-produced, reducing peptide glutathione and a number of molecules required for the reconstitution of the functional nuclear envelope and nuclear skeleton. Although some of the sperm structures are transformed into zygotic components, the elimination of others is vital to early stages of embryonic development. Sperm mitochondria, carrying potentially harmful paternal mtDNA, appear to be eliminated by a ubiquitin-dependent mechanism. Other accessory structures of the sperm axoneme, including fibrous sheath, microtubule doublets, outer dense fibers, and the striated columns of connecting piece, are discarded in an orderly fashion. The new methods of assisted fertilization, represented by intracytoplasmic sperm injection and round spermatid injection, bypass multiple steps of natural fertilization by introducing an intact spermatozoon or spermatogenic cell into oocyte cytoplasm. Consequently, the carryover of sperm accessory structures that would normally be eliminated before or during the entry of sperm into oocyte cytoplasm persist therein and may interfere with early embryonic development, thus decreasing the success rate of assisted fertilization and possibly causing severe embryonic anomalies. Similarly, foreign organelles, proteins, messenger RNAs, and mitochondrial DNAs, which may have a profound impact on the embryonic development, are propagated by the nuclear transfer of embryonic blastomeres and somatic cell nuclei. This aspect of assisted fertilization is yet to be explored by a focused effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sutovsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health Science University, USA
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Bauer MF, Gempel K, Hofmann S, Jaksch M, Philbrook C, Gerbitz KD. Mitochondrial disorders. A diagnostic challenge in clinical chemistry. Clin Chem Lab Med 1999; 37:855-76. [PMID: 10596952 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.1999.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a pivotal role in cellular metabolism and in energy production in particular. Defects in structure or function of mitochondria, mainly involving the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), mitochondrial biogenesis and other metabolic pathways, have been shown to be associated with a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes. The ubiquitous nature of mitochondria and their unique genetic features contribute to the clinical, biochemical and genetic heterogeneity of mitochondrial diseases. We will focus on the recent advances in the field of mitochondrial disorders and their consequences for an advanced clinical and genetic diagnostics. In addition, an overview on recently identified genetic defects and their pathogenic molecular mechanisms will be given.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Bauer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Molecular Diagnostics and Mitochondrial Genetics, Diabetes Research Group, Academic Hospital Munich-Schwabing, Germany.
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Danan C, Sternberg D, Van Steirteghem A, Cazeneuve C, Duquesnoy P, Besmond C, Goossens M, Lissens W, Amselem S. Evaluation of parental mitochondrial inheritance in neonates born after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Am J Hum Genet 1999; 65:463-73. [PMID: 10417289 PMCID: PMC1377945 DOI: 10.1086/302484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is now used when severe male-factor infertility has been documented. Since defective mitochondrial functions may result in male hypofertility, it is of prime importance to evaluate the risk of paternal transmission of an mtDNA defect to neonates. DNA samples from the blood of 21 infertile couples and their 27 neonates born after ICSI were studied. The highly polymorphic mtDNA D-loop region was analyzed by four PCR-based approaches. With denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), which allows 2% of a minor mtDNA species to be detected, the 27 newborns had a DGGE pattern identical to that of their mother but different from that of their father. Heteroplasmy documented in several parents and children supported an exclusive maternal inheritance of mtDNA. The parental origin of the children's mtDNA molecules also was studied by more-sensitive assays: restriction-endonuclease analysis (REA) of alpha[32P]-radiolabeled PCR products; paternal-specific PCR assay; and depletion of maternal mtDNA, followed by REA. We did not detect paternal mtDNA in nine neonates, with a sensitivity level of 0.01% in five children, 0.1% in two children, and 1% in two children. The estimated ratio of sperm-to-oocyte mtDNA molecules in humans is 0.1%-1.5%. Thus, we conclude that, in these families, the ICSI procedure performed with mature spermatozoa did not alter the uniparental pattern of inheritance of mtDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Danan
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire-INSERM U468, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France
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Reynier P, Chrétien MF, Penisson-Besnier I, Malthièry Y, Rohmer V, Lestienne P. Male infertility associated with multiple mitochondrial DNA rearrangements. COMPTES RENDUS DE L'ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES. SERIE III, SCIENCES DE LA VIE 1997; 320:629-36. [PMID: 9337998 DOI: 10.1016/s0764-4469(97)85696-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Male sterility results from a number of characterized exogenous or genetic dysfunctions preventing normal differentiation into mobile spermatozoa. This may now be overcome by intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). This practice does not require mobile, or even mature spermatozoa for in vitro fecondation. However, a functional respiratory chain, partly encoded by the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), is required for the mobility of the spermatozoa. We report the case of an infertile patient who wished to procreate. ICSI was proposed but he displayed multiple mtDNA deletions of possible nuclear origin in the spermatozoa and in the deltoid muscle. Even though mtDNA is maternally inherited, the possibility of a nuclear-driven mutation affecting the integrity of the mtDNA should be taken into account when ICSI is to be performed. Together with recent genetic in vitro manipulations in mammals, our data point to the importance of studying the mtDNA structure in human spermatozoa, and the potential risks of these non-natural practices for procreation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Reynier
- Laboratoire de biochimie et de biologie moléculaire A, CHU d'Angers, France
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