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Jang JY, Hong YJ, Lim J, Choi JS, Choi EH, Kang S, Rhim H. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), a novel physicochemical source, induces neural differentiation through cross-talk between the specific RONS cascade and Trk/Ras/ERK signaling pathway. Biomaterials 2017; 156:258-273. [PMID: 29222974 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Plasma, formed by ionization of gas molecules or atoms, is the most abundant form of matter and consists of highly reactive physicochemical species. In the physics and chemistry fields, plasma has been extensively studied; however, the exact action mechanisms of plasma on biological systems, including cells and humans, are not well known. Recent evidence suggests that cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), which refers to plasma used in the biomedical field, may regulate diverse cellular processes, including neural differentiation. However, the mechanism by which these physicochemical signals, elicited by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), are transmitted to biological system remains elusive. In this study, we elucidated the physicochemical and biological (PCB) connection between the CAP cascade and Trk/Ras/ERK signaling pathway, which resulted in neural differentiation. Excited atomic oxygen in the plasma phase led to the formation of RONS in the PCB network, which then interacted with reactive atoms in the extracellular liquid phase to form nitric oxide (NO). Production of large amounts of superoxide radical (O2-) in the mitochondria of cells exposed to CAP demonstrated that extracellular NO induced the reversible inhibition of mitochondrial complex IV. We also demonstrated that cytosolic hydrogen peroxide, formed by O2- dismutation, act as an intracellular messenger to specifically activate the Trk/Ras/ERK signaling pathway. This study is the first to elucidate the mechanism linking physicochemical signals from the CAP cascade to the intracellular neural differentiation signaling pathway, providing physical, chemical and biological insights into the development of therapeutic techniques to treat neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja-Young Jang
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young June Hong
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsup Lim
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sung Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea; Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongman Kang
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyangshuk Rhim
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Smith AM, Pappalardo D, Chen WJA. Estimation of neuronal numbers in rat hippocampus following neonatal amphetamine exposure: A stereology study. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2008; 30:495-502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2008.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2007] [Revised: 04/11/2008] [Accepted: 05/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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The rostral migratory stream is a neurogenic niche that predominantly engenders periglomerular cells: in vivo evidence in the adult rat brain. Neurosci Res 2007; 60:289-99. [PMID: 18243385 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2007.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2007] [Revised: 11/01/2007] [Accepted: 11/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In vitro studies support the existence of adult neural stem cells in the rostral migratory stream (RMS). The evidence supporting this possibility in vivo is scarce. We then explore this issue by taking advantage of a rat model in which a physical barrier implanted in the brain interrupted the migration of neuroblasts derived from the SVZ along the RMS at the level of its vertical limb. The presence of local stem cells and neurogenesis were then established by estimating the number of nuclei labeled with bromo-deoxyuridine (BrdU), the number of doublecortin-positive neuroblasts and the existence of cells displaying co-localization of BrdU and Sox-2 immunoreactivity along the RMS, at different time points following barrier implantation. Estimations of the number of the granular and periglomerular neurons integrated into the corresponding layers of the olfactory bulb of implanted rats established that stem cells in the RMS give rise predominantly to periglomerular neurons. Our results then support the notion that the RMS is indeed a region in which neurogenesis is taking place in the adult brain. They also support that the relative location of the neurogenic niche might imprint, at least in some degree, the identity and lineage of the neuroblasts arising from them.
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Geraerts M, Eggermont K, Hernandez-Acosta P, Garcia-Verdugo JM, Baekelandt V, Debyser Z. Lentiviral Vectors Mediate Efficient and Stable Gene Transfer in Adult Neural Stem CellsIn Vivo. Hum Gene Ther 2006; 17:635-50. [PMID: 16776572 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2006.17.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulation of adult neurogenesis may offer new therapeutic strategies for various brain disorders. In the adult mammalian brain the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle is a region of continuous neurogenesis. Lentiviral vectors stably integrate into dividing and nondividing cells, in contrast to retroviral vectors, which integrate only into dividing cells. We compared their potential for gene transfer into both quiescent and slowly dividing stem cells as well as into more rapidly dividing progenitor cells. In contrast to retroviral vectors, stereotactic injection of lentiviral vectors into the SVZ of adult mice resulted in efficient and long-term marker gene expression in cells with characteristics of both immature type B cells and migrating precursor cells. After migration along the rostral migratory stream and differentiation, the number of enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP)-expressing granular and periglomerular interneurons increased over time in the ipsilateral olfactory bulb. Moreover, the number of eGFP-labeled neuronal progenitor cells in the SVZ increased over time. By intraventricular injection of lentiviral vectors we could restrict gene transfer to ependymal cells and type B astroglial-like stem cells. In conclusion, lentiviral vectors surpass retroviral vectors in efficient long-term in vivo marking of subventricular zone stem cells for basic research and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Geraerts
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and IRC KULAK (Interdisciplinary Research Center, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven-Campus Kortrijk), Leuven, 3000, Belgium
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Geraerts M, Eggermont K, Hernandez-Acosta P, Garcia-Verdugo JM, Baekelandt V, Debyser Z. Lentiviral Vectors Mediate Efficient and Stable Gene Transfer in Adult Neural Stem Cells In Vivo. Hum Gene Ther 2006. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2006.17.ft-211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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