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Yang J, Li Y, Han X, Li T, Li D, Liu Q, Yan L, Li F, Pei X, Feng Y, Lin Z, Fu Z, Wang C, Sun Q, Li C. Targeting estrogen mediated CYP4F2/CYP4F11-20-HETE metabolic disorder decelerates tumorigenesis in ER+ breast cancer. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101706. [PMID: 38646426 PMCID: PMC11033080 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose As the most common subset of breast cancer (BC), estrogen receptor positive (ER+) BC accounting for 80% of cases, has become a global public health concern. The female hormone estrogen (E2) unequivocally drives ER + breast malignancies. The reasons that estrogen affects BC development has long been considered, yet further study remains to be conducted of the molecular events in the E2-estrogen receptor α (ERα) signaling pathway in ER + BC progression, especially lipid metabolism, so providing more options for tailored and individualized therapy. Our aim is to find out new targets and clinical biomarkers for ER + breast cancer treatment from the perspective of lipid metabolism. Methods Lipid metabolomics profiling was used to examine the membrane phospholipid stimulated by E2. Clinical BC samples were used to assess the association of CYP4F2, CYP4F11 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and patient outcomes. Some inhibitors of main enzymes in AA metabolism were used combined with E2 to assess roles of CYP4F2/CYP4F11 in the progression of ER + BC. CYP4F2, CYP4F11 overexpression and knockdown BC cell lines were employed to examine the effects of CYP4F2, CYP4F11 on cellular proliferation, apoptosis and tumor growth. Western blotting, qPCR, Immunohistochemical staining and flow cytometry were also conducted to determine the underlying mechanisms related to CYP4F2, CYP4F11 function. Results The activation of the CYP450 signaling pathway in arachidonic acid metabolism contributed to ER + BC tumorigenesis. In ER + BC, CYP4F2 and CYP4F11 overexpression induced by E2 could promote cancer cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis by producing the metabolite 20-HETE and activating the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. CYP4F2 and CYP4F11 elevation correlates with poorer overall survival and disease-free survival in ER + BC patients. Conclusion CYP4F2, CYP4F11 and their metabolite 20-HETE could serve as effective prognostic markers and attractive therapeutic targets for novel anticancer drug development about ER + BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Yin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Tianjiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Ding Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Qiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Lizhong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Ya Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Zhoujun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Zhenkun Fu
- Department of Immunology & Wu Lien-Teh Institute & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University & Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Changjun Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Chenggang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
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Mi L, Liu J, Zhang Y, Su A, Tang M, Xing Z, He T, Wei T, Li Z, Wu W. The EPRS-ATF4-COLI pathway axis is a potential target for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma therapy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155670. [PMID: 38704915 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is recognized as the most aggressive and malignant form of thyroid cancer, underscoring the critical need for effective therapeutic strategies to curb its progression and improve patient prognosis. Halofuginone (HF), a derivative of febrifugine, has displayed antitumor properties across various cancer types. However, there is a paucity of published research focused on the potential of HF to enhance the clinical efficacy of treating ATC. OBJECTIVE In this study, we thoroughly investigated the antitumor effects and mechanisms of HF in ATC, aiming to discover lead compounds for treating ATC and reveal novel therapeutic targets for ATC tumors. METHODS A series of assays, including CCK8, colony formation, tumor xenograft models, and ATC tumor organoid experiments, were conducted to evaluate the anticancer properties of HF both in vitro and in vivo. Techniques such as drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS), western blot, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry were employed to pinpoint HF target proteins within ATC. Furthermore, we harnessed the GEPIA and GEO databases and performed immunohistochemistry to validate the therapeutic potential of the glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA-synthetase (EPRS)- activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)- type I collagen (COLI) pathway axis in the context of ATC. The study also incorporated RNA sequencing analysis, confocal imaging, and flow cytometry to delve into the molecular mechanisms of HF in ATC. RESULTS HF exhibited a substantial inhibitory impact on cell proliferation in vitro and on tumor growth in vivo. The DARTS results highlighted HF's influence on EPRS within ATC cells, triggering an amino acid starvation response (AASR) by suppressing EPRS expression, consequently leading to a reduction in COLI expression in ATC cells. The introduction of proline mitigated the effect of HF on ATF4 and COLI expression, indicating that the EPRS-ATF4-COLI pathway axis was a focal target of HF in ATC. Analysis of the expression levels of the EPRS, ATF4, and COLI proteins in thyroid tumors, along with an examination of the relationship between COLI expression and thyroid tumor stage, revealed that HF significantly inhibited the growth of ATC tumor organoids, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of targeting the EPRS-ATF4-COLI pathway axis in ATC. RNA sequencing analysis revealed significant differences in the pathways associated with metastasis and apoptosis between control and HF-treated cells. Transwell assays and flow cytometry experiments provided evidence of the capacity of HF to impede cell migration and induce apoptosis in ATC cells. Furthermore, HF hindered cell metastasis by suppressing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway, acting through the inhibition of FAK-AKT-NF-κB/Wnt-β-catenin signaling and restraining angiogenesis via the VEGF pathway. HF also promoted apoptosis through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. CONCLUSION This study provided inaugural evidence suggesting that HF could emerge as a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of ATC. The EPRS-ATF4-COLI pathway axis stood out as a prospective biomarker and therapeutic target for ATC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Mi
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jiaye Liu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Anping Su
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Minghai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhichao Xing
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ting He
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Tao Wei
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Wenshuang Wu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
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Bhusare N, Gade A, Kumar MS. Using nanotechnology to progress the utilization of marine natural products in combating multidrug resistance in cancer: A prospective strategy. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23732. [PMID: 38769657 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Achieving targeted, customized, and combination therapies with clarity of the involved molecular pathways is crucial in the treatment as well as overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer. Nanotechnology has emerged as an innovative and promising approach to address the problem of drug resistance. Developing nano-formulation-based therapies using therapeutic agents poses a synergistic effect to overcome MDR in cancer. In this review, we aimed to highlight the important pathways involved in the progression of MDR in cancer mediated through nanotechnology-based approaches that have been employed to circumvent them in recent years. Here, we also discussed the potential use of marine metabolites to treat MDR in cancer, utilizing active drug-targeting nanomedicine-based techniques to enhance selective drug accumulation in cancer cells. The discussion also provides future insights for developing complex targeted, multistage responsive nanomedical drug delivery systems for effective cancer treatments. We propose more combinational studies and their validation for the possible marine-based nanoformulations for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilam Bhusare
- Somaiya Institute for Research and Consultancy, Somaiya Vidyavihar University, Vidyavihar (E), Mumbai, India
| | - Anushree Gade
- Somaiya Institute for Research and Consultancy, Somaiya Vidyavihar University, Vidyavihar (E), Mumbai, India
| | - Maushmi S Kumar
- Somaiya Institute for Research and Consultancy, Somaiya Vidyavihar University, Vidyavihar (E), Mumbai, India
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Guo X, Fu Y, Peng J, Fu Y, Dong S, Ding RB, Qi X, Bao J. Emerging anticancer potential and mechanisms of snake venom toxins: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:131990. [PMID: 38704067 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Animal-derived venom, like snake venom, has been proven to be valuable natural resources for the drug development. Previously, snake venom was mainly investigated in its pharmacological activities in regulating coagulation, vasodilation, and cardiovascular function, and several marketed cardiovascular drugs were successfully developed from snake venom. In recent years, snake venom fractions have been demonstrated with anticancer properties of inducing apoptotic and autophagic cell death, restraining proliferation, suppressing angiogenesis, inhibiting cell adhesion and migration, improving immunity, and so on. A number of active anticancer enzymes and peptides have been identified from snake venom toxins, such as L-amino acid oxidases (LAAOs), phospholipase A2 (PLA2), metalloproteinases (MPs), three-finger toxins (3FTxs), serine proteinases (SPs), disintegrins, C-type lectin-like proteins (CTLPs), cell-penetrating peptides, cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISPs). In this review, we focus on summarizing these snake venom-derived anticancer components on their anticancer activities and underlying mechanisms. We will also discuss their potential to be developed as anticancer drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yuanfeng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Junbo Peng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shuai Dong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ren-Bo Ding
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China
| | - Xingzhu Qi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Jiaolin Bao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China.
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Zhang Q, Zhang L, Lin G, Luo F. The protective role of vagus nerve stimulation in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30952. [PMID: 38770302 PMCID: PMC11103530 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) encompasses the damage resulting from the restoration of blood supply following tissue ischemia. This phenomenon commonly occurs in clinical scenarios such as hemorrhagic shock, severe trauma, organ transplantation, and thrombolytic therapy. Despite its prevalence, existing treatments exhibit limited efficacy against IRI. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a widely utilized technique for modulating the autonomic nervous system. Numerous studies have demonstrated that VNS significantly reduces IRI in various organs, including the heart, brain, and liver. This article reviews the pathological processes during IRI and summarizes the role and possible mechanisms of VNS in IRI of different organs. Furthermore, this review addresses the current challenges of VNS clinical applications, providing a novel perspective on IRI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Guoqiang Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Fanyan Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
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Chu CS, Chen YT, Liang WZ. Investigation of the mechanisms behind ochratoxin A-induced cytotoxicity in human astrocytes and the protective effects of N-acetylcysteine. J Appl Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 38812125 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a type of mycotoxin commonly found in raw and processed foods. It is essential to be aware of this toxin, as it can harm your health if consumed in high quantities. OTA can induce toxic effects in various cell models. However, a more comprehensive understanding of the harmful effects of OTA on human astrocytes is required. This study evaluated OTA's neurotoxic effects on the Gibco® Human Astrocyte (GHA) cell line, its underlying mechanisms, and the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) ability to prevent them. OTA exposure within 5-30 μM has induced concentration-dependent cytotoxicity. In the OTA-treated cells, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were found to be significantly increased, while the glutathione (GSH) contents were found to decrease considerably. The western blotting of OTA-treated cells has revealed increased Bax, cleaved caspase-9/caspase-3 protein levels, and increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. In addition, exposure to OTA has resulted in the induction of antioxidant responses associated with the protein expressions of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1. On the other hand, the pretreatment with NAC has partially alleviated the significant toxic effects of OTA. In conclusion, our findings suggest that oxidative stress and apoptosis are involved in the OTA-induced cytotoxicity in GHA cells. NAC could act as a protective agent against OTA-induced oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Sheng Chu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Tso Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Zhe Liang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County, Taiwan
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Montero V, Montana M, Carré M, Vanelle P. Quinoxaline derivatives: Recent discoveries and development strategies towards anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116360. [PMID: 38614060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death and a major health problem worldwide. While many effective anticancer agents are available, most drugs currently on the market are not specific, raising issues like the common side effects of chemotherapy. However, recent research hold promises for the development of more efficient and safer anticancer drugs. Quinoxaline and its derivatives are becoming recognized as a novel class of chemotherapeutic agents with activity against different tumors. The present review compiles and discusses studies concerning the therapeutic potential of the anticancer activity of quinoxaline derivatives, covering articles published between January 2018 and January 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Montero
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, Equipe Pharmaco-Chimie Radicalaire, Faculté de Pharmacie, CEDEX 05, 13385, Marseille, France; AP-HM, Service de Pharmacologie Clinique et Pharmacovigilance, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille CEDEX 05, 13385, France.
| | - Marc Montana
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, Equipe Pharmaco-Chimie Radicalaire, Faculté de Pharmacie, CEDEX 05, 13385, Marseille, France; AP-HM, Oncopharma, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Manon Carré
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm UMR1068, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille Université UM105, Institut Paoli Calmettes - Faculté de Pharmacie, Marseille, France
| | - Patrice Vanelle
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, Equipe Pharmaco-Chimie Radicalaire, Faculté de Pharmacie, CEDEX 05, 13385, Marseille, France; AP-HM, Service Central de la Qualité et de l'Information Pharmaceutiques, Hôpital Conception, Marseille, 13005, France
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8
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Wang W, Albadari N, Du Y, Fowler JF, Sang HT, Xian W, McKeon F, Li W, Zhou J, Zhang R. MDM2 Inhibitors for Cancer Therapy: The Past, Present, and Future. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:414-453. [PMID: 38697854 PMCID: PMC11068841 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.001026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery over 35 years ago, MDM2 has emerged as an attractive target for the development of cancer therapy. MDM2's activities extend from carcinogenesis to immunity to the response to various cancer therapies. Since the report of the first MDM2 inhibitor more than 30 years ago, various approaches to inhibit MDM2 have been attempted, with hundreds of small-molecule inhibitors evaluated in preclinical studies and numerous molecules tested in clinical trials. Although many MDM2 inhibitors and degraders have been evaluated in clinical trials, there is currently no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved MDM2 inhibitor on the market. Nevertheless, there are several current clinical trials of promising agents that may overcome the past failures, including agents granted FDA orphan drug or fast-track status. We herein summarize the research efforts to discover and develop MDM2 inhibitors, focusing on those that induce MDM2 degradation and exert anticancer activity, regardless of the p53 status of the cancer. We also describe how preclinical and clinical investigations have moved toward combining MDM2 inhibitors with other agents, including immune checkpoint inhibitors. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future directions to accelerate the clinical application of MDM2 inhibitors. In conclusion, targeting MDM2 remains a promising treatment approach, and targeting MDM2 for protein degradation represents a novel strategy to downregulate MDM2 without the side effects of the existing agents blocking p53-MDM2 binding. Additional preclinical and clinical investigations are needed to finally realize the full potential of MDM2 inhibition in treating cancer and other chronic diseases where MDM2 has been implicated. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Overexpression/amplification of the MDM2 oncogene has been detected in various human cancers and is associated with disease progression, treatment resistance, and poor patient outcomes. This article reviews the previous, current, and emerging MDM2-targeted therapies and summarizes the preclinical and clinical studies combining MDM2 inhibitors with chemotherapy and immunotherapy regimens. The findings of these contemporary studies may lead to safer and more effective treatments for patients with cancers overexpressing MDM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (W.W., Y.D., J.F.F., H.T.S., R.Z.), Drug Discovery Institute (W.W., R.Z.), Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry (W.X., F.M.), University of Houston, Houston, Texas; College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (N.A., W.L.); and Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (J.Z.)
| | - Najah Albadari
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (W.W., Y.D., J.F.F., H.T.S., R.Z.), Drug Discovery Institute (W.W., R.Z.), Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry (W.X., F.M.), University of Houston, Houston, Texas; College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (N.A., W.L.); and Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (J.Z.)
| | - Yi Du
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (W.W., Y.D., J.F.F., H.T.S., R.Z.), Drug Discovery Institute (W.W., R.Z.), Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry (W.X., F.M.), University of Houston, Houston, Texas; College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (N.A., W.L.); and Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (J.Z.)
| | - Josef F Fowler
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (W.W., Y.D., J.F.F., H.T.S., R.Z.), Drug Discovery Institute (W.W., R.Z.), Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry (W.X., F.M.), University of Houston, Houston, Texas; College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (N.A., W.L.); and Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (J.Z.)
| | - Hannah T Sang
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (W.W., Y.D., J.F.F., H.T.S., R.Z.), Drug Discovery Institute (W.W., R.Z.), Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry (W.X., F.M.), University of Houston, Houston, Texas; College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (N.A., W.L.); and Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (J.Z.)
| | - Wa Xian
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (W.W., Y.D., J.F.F., H.T.S., R.Z.), Drug Discovery Institute (W.W., R.Z.), Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry (W.X., F.M.), University of Houston, Houston, Texas; College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (N.A., W.L.); and Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (J.Z.)
| | - Frank McKeon
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (W.W., Y.D., J.F.F., H.T.S., R.Z.), Drug Discovery Institute (W.W., R.Z.), Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry (W.X., F.M.), University of Houston, Houston, Texas; College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (N.A., W.L.); and Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (J.Z.)
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (W.W., Y.D., J.F.F., H.T.S., R.Z.), Drug Discovery Institute (W.W., R.Z.), Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry (W.X., F.M.), University of Houston, Houston, Texas; College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (N.A., W.L.); and Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (J.Z.)
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (W.W., Y.D., J.F.F., H.T.S., R.Z.), Drug Discovery Institute (W.W., R.Z.), Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry (W.X., F.M.), University of Houston, Houston, Texas; College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (N.A., W.L.); and Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (J.Z.)
| | - Ruiwen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (W.W., Y.D., J.F.F., H.T.S., R.Z.), Drug Discovery Institute (W.W., R.Z.), Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry (W.X., F.M.), University of Houston, Houston, Texas; College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (N.A., W.L.); and Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (J.Z.)
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Koyuncu I, Temiz E, Güler EM, Durgun M, Yuksekdag O, Giovannuzzi S, Supuran CT. Effective Anticancer Potential of a New Sulfonamide as a Carbonic Anhydrase IX Inhibitor Against Aggressive Tumors. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202300680. [PMID: 38323458 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
This study examines efficiency of a newly synthesized sulfonamide derivative 2-bromo-N-(4-sulfamoylphenyl)propanamide (MMH-1) on the inhibition of Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CA IX), which is overexpressed in many solid tumors including breast cancer. The inhibitory potential of MMH-1 compound against its four major isoforms, including cytosolic isoforms hCA I and II, as well as tumor-associated membrane-bound isoforms hCA IX and XII, was evaluated. To this context, the cytotoxic effect of MMH-1 on cancer and normal cells was tested and found to selectively affect MDA-MB-231 cells. MMH-1 reduced cell proliferation by holding cells in the G0/G1 phase (72 %) and slowed the cells' wound healing capacity. MMH-1 inhibited CA IX under both hypoxic and normoxic conditions and altered the morphology of triple negative breast cancer cells. In MDA-MB-231 cells, inhibition of CA IX was accompanied by a decrease in extracellular pH acidity (7.2), disruption of mitochondrial membrane integrity (80 %), an increase in reactive oxygen levels (25 %), and the triggering of apoptosis (40 %). In addition, the caspase cascade (CASP-3, -8, -9) was activated in MDA-MB-231 cells, triggering both the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. The expression of pro-apoptotic regulatory proteins (Bad, Bax, Bid, Bim, Cyt-c, Fas, FasL, TNF-a, TNF-R1, HTRA, SMAC, Casp-3, -8, P21, P27, and P53) was increased, while the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, apoptosis inhibitor proteins (IAPs), and heat shock proteins (HSPs) (Bcl-2, Bcl-w, cIAP-2, HSP27, HSP60, HSP70, Survivin, Livin, and XIAP) was decreased. These results propose that the MMH-1 compound could triggers apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells via the pH/MMP/ROS pathway through the inhibition of CA IX. This compound is thought to have high potential and promising anticancer properties in the treatment of aggressive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Koyuncu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey Tel
| | - Ebru Temiz
- Program of Medical Promotion and Marketing, Health Services Vocational School, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Eray Metin Güler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Hamidiye Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Durgun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey Tel
| | - Ozgür Yuksekdag
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey Tel
| | - Simone Giovannuzzi
- Department of Neurofarba, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy Tel
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of Neurofarba, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy Tel
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10
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Damare R, Engle K, Kumar G. Targeting epidermal growth factor receptor and its downstream signaling pathways by natural products: A mechanistic insight. Phytother Res 2024; 38:2406-2447. [PMID: 38433568 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that maintains normal tissues and cell signaling pathways. EGFR is overactivated and overexpressed in many malignancies, including breast, lung, pancreatic, and kidney. Further, the EGFR gene mutations and protein overexpression activate downstream signaling pathways in cancerous cells, stimulating the growth, survival, resistance to apoptosis, and progression of tumors. Anti-EGFR therapy is the potential approach for treating malignancies and has demonstrated clinical success in treating specific cancers. The recent report suggests most of the clinically used EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors developed resistance to the cancer cells. This perspective provides a brief overview of EGFR and its implications in cancer. We have summarized natural products-derived anticancer compounds with the mechanistic basis of tumor inhibition via the EGFR pathway. We propose that developing natural lead molecules into new anticancer agents has a bright future after clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutuja Damare
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kritika Engle
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Gautam Kumar
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
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11
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Zhang G, Samarawickrama PN, Gui L, Ma Y, Cao M, Zhu H, Li W, Yang H, Li K, Yang Y, Zhu E, Li W, He Y. Revolutionizing Diabetic Foot Ulcer Care: The Senotherapeutic Approach. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0065. [PMID: 38739931 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a prevalent and profoundly debilitating complication that afflicts individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). These ulcers are associated with substantial morbidity, recurrence rates, disability, and mortality, imposing substantial economic, psychological, and medical burdens. Timely detection and intervention can mitigate the morbidity and disparities linked to DFU. Nevertheless, current therapeutic approaches for DFU continue to grapple with multifaceted limitations. A growing body of evidence emphasizes the crucial role of cellular senescence in the pathogenesis of chronic wounds. Interventions that try to delay cellular senescence, eliminate senescent cells (SnCs), or suppress the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) have shown promise for helping chronic wounds to heal. In this context, targeting cellular senescence emerges as a novel therapeutic strategy for DFU. In this comprehensive review, we look at the pathology and treatment of DFU in a systematic way. We also explain the growing importance of investigating SnCs in DFU and highlight the great potential of senotherapeutics that target SnCs in DFU treatment. The development of efficacious and safe senotherapeutics represents a pioneering therapeutic approach aimed at enhancing the quality of life for individuals affected by DFU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University (the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Priyadarshani Nadeeshika Samarawickrama
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Li Gui
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University (the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Mei Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University (the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University (the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University (the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Honglin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Kecheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Enfang Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University (the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University (the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Yonghan He
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
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12
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Cen P, Cui C, Huang J, Chen H, Wu F, Niu J, Zhong Y, Jin C, Zhu WH, Zhang H, Tian M. Cellular senescence imaging and senolysis monitoring in cancer therapy based on a β-galactosidase-activated aggregation-induced emission luminogen. Acta Biomater 2024; 179:340-353. [PMID: 38556136 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a permanent state of cell cycle arrest characterized by increased activity of senescence associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal). Notably, cancer cells have been also observed to exhibit the senescence response and are being considered for sequential treatment with pro-senescence therapy followed by senolytic therapy. However, there is currently no effective agent targeting β-galactosidase (β-Gal) for imaging cellular senescence and monitoring senolysis in cancer therapy. Aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen) demonstrates strong fluorescence, good photostability, and biocompatibility, making it a potential candidate for imaging cellular senescence and monitoring senolysis in cancer therapy when endowed with β-Gal-responsive capabilities. In this study, we introduced a β-Gal-activated AIEgen named QM-β-gal for cellular senescence imaging and senolysis monitoring in cancer therapy. QM-β-gal exhibited good amphiphilic properties and formed aggregates that emitted a fluorescence signal upon β-Gal activation. It showed high specificity towards the activity of β-Gal in lysosomes and successfully visualized DOX-induced senescent cancer cells with intense fluorescence both in vitro and in vivo. Encouragingly, QM-β-gal could image senescent cancer cells in vivo for over 14 days with excellent biocompatibility. Moreover, it allowed for the monitoring of senescent cancer cell clearance during senolytic therapy with ABT263. This investigation indicated the potential of the β-Gal-activated AIEgen, QM-β-gal, as an in vivo approach for imaging cellular senescence and monitoring senolysis in cancer therapy via highly specific and long-term fluorescence imaging. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This work reported a β-galactosidase-activated AIEgen called QM-β-gal, which effectively imaged DOX-induced senescent cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. QM-β-gal specifically targeted the increased expression and activity of β-galactosidase in senescent cancer cells, localized within lysosomes. It was cleared rapidly before activation but maintained stability after activation in the DOX-induced senescent tumor. The AIEgen exhibited a remarkable long-term imaging capability for senescent cancer cells, lasting over 14 days and enabled monitoring of senescent cancer cell clearance through ABT263-induced apoptosis. This approach held promise for researchers seeking to achieve prolonged imaging of senescent cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peili Cen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Chunyi Cui
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Jiani Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Hetian Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Jiaqi Niu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Yan Zhong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Chentao Jin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Wei-Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
| | - Mei Tian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
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13
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Di Pasqua LG, Abdallah MM, Feletti F, Vairetti M, Ferrigno A. Venetoclax-Related Neutropenia in Leukemic Patients: A Comprehensive Review of the Underlying Causes, Risk Factors, and Management. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:484. [PMID: 38675444 PMCID: PMC11054081 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Venetoclax is a Bcl-2 homology domain 3 (BH3) mimetic currently approved for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that has proven to be highly effective in reinstating apoptosis in leukemic cells through the highly selective inhibition of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). Clinically, venetoclax has provided lasting remissions through the inhibition of CLL and AML blasts. However, this activity has often come at the cost of grade III/IV neutropenia due to hematopoietic cells' dependence on Bcl-2 for survival. As life-threatening infections are an important complication in these patients, an effective management of neutropenia is indispensable to maximize patient outcomes. While there is general consensus over dose reduction and scheduling modifications to minimize the risk of neutropenia, the impact of these modifications on survival is uncertain. Moreover, guidelines do not yet adequately account for patient-specific and disease-specific risk factors that may predict toxicity, or the role combination treatment plays in exacerbating neutropenia. The objective of this review is to discuss the venetoclax-induced mechanism of hematological toxicity, the potential predictive risk factors that affect patient vulnerability to neutropenia, and the current consensus on practices for management of neutropenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Ferrigno
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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14
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Zhao Q, Han B, Peng C, Zhang N, Huang W, He G, Li JL. A promising future of metal-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes in medicinal chemistry: The emerging bioorganometallic antitumor agents. Med Res Rev 2024. [PMID: 38591229 DOI: 10.1002/med.22039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Metal complexes based on N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have emerged as promising broad-spectrum antitumor agents in bioorganometallic medicinal chemistry. In recent decades, studies on cytotoxic metal-NHC complexes have yielded numerous compounds exhibiting superior cytotoxicity compared to cisplatin. Although the molecular mechanisms of these anticancer complexes are not fully understood, some potential targets and modes of action have been identified. However, a comprehensive review of their biological mechanisms is currently absent. In general, apoptosis caused by metal-NHCs is common in tumor cells. They can cause a series of changes after entering cells, such as mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) variation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cytochrome c (cyt c) release, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, lysosome damage, and caspase activation, ultimately leading to apoptosis. Therefore, a detailed understanding of the influence of metal-NHCs on cancer cell apoptosis is crucial. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of recent advances in metal-NHC complexes that trigger apoptotic cell death via different apoptosis-related targets or signaling pathways, including B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2 family), p53, cyt c, ER stress, lysosome damage, thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibition, and so forth. We also discuss the challenges, limitations, and future directions of metal-NHC complexes to elucidate their emerging application in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Dermatology & Venerolog, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Gu He
- Department of Dermatology & Venerolog, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun-Long Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Anti-Infective Agent Creation Engineering Research Centre of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
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15
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Rich AL, Lin P, Gamazon ER, Zinkel SS. The broad impact of cell death genes on the human disease phenome. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:251. [PMID: 38589365 PMCID: PMC11002008 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06632-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Cell death mediated by genetically defined signaling pathways influences the health and dynamics of all tissues, however the tissue specificity of cell death pathways and the relationships between these pathways and human disease are not well understood. We analyzed the expression profiles of an array of 44 cell death genes involved in apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis cell death pathways across 49 human tissues from GTEx, to elucidate the landscape of cell death gene expression across human tissues, and the relationship between tissue-specific genetically determined expression and the human phenome. We uncovered unique cell death gene expression profiles across tissue types, suggesting there are physiologically distinct cell death programs in different tissues. Using summary statistics-based transcriptome wide association studies (TWAS) on human traits in the UK Biobank (n ~ 500,000), we evaluated 513 traits encompassing ICD-10 defined diagnoses and laboratory-derived traits. Our analysis revealed hundreds of significant (FDR < 0.05) associations between genetically regulated cell death gene expression and an array of human phenotypes encompassing both clinical diagnoses and hematologic parameters, which were independently validated in another large-scale DNA biobank (BioVU) at Vanderbilt University Medical Center (n = 94,474) with matching phenotypes. Cell death genes were highly enriched for significant associations with blood traits versus non-cell-death genes, with apoptosis-associated genes enriched for leukocyte and platelet traits. Our findings are also concordant with independently published studies (e.g. associations between BCL2L11/BIM expression and platelet & lymphocyte counts). Overall, these results suggest that cell death genes play distinct roles in their contribution to human phenotypes, and that cell death genes influence a diverse array of human traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail L Rich
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Phillip Lin
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eric R Gamazon
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Sandra S Zinkel
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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16
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Guo Q, Zhao M, Wang Q, Lu T, Luo P, Chen L, Xia F, Pang H, Shen S, Cheng G, Dai C, Meng Y, Zhong T, Qiu C, Wang J. Glycyrrhetinic acid inhibits non-small cell lung cancer via promotion of Prdx6- and caspase-3-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116304. [PMID: 38401519 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) shows great efficiency against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the detailed mechanism is unclear, which has limited its clinical application. Herein, we investigated the potential targets of GA against NSCLC by activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) technology and the combination of histopathology and proteomics validation. In vitro and in vivo results indicated GA significantly inhibited NSCLC via promotion of peroxiredoxin-6 (Prdx6) and caspase-3 (Casp3)-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis. This original finding will provide theoretical and data support to improve the treatment of NSCLC with the application of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Minghong Zhao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 23, Qingnian Road, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Qixin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Tianming Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Piao Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Fei Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Huanhuan Pang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shengnan Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Guangqing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chuanhao Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuqing Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Tianyu Zhong
- First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 23, Qingnian Road, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China.
| | - Chong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Jigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital; First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology; Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
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17
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Nayak D, Lv D, Yuan Y, Zhang P, Hu W, Nayak A, Ruben EA, Lv Z, Sung P, Hromas R, Zheng G, Zhou D, Olsen SK. Development and crystal structures of a potent second-generation dual degrader of BCL-2 and BCL-xL. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2743. [PMID: 38548768 PMCID: PMC10979003 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46922-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of BCL-xL and BCL-2 play key roles in tumorigenesis and cancer drug resistance. Advances in PROTAC technology facilitated recent development of the first BCL-xL/BCL-2 dual degrader, 753b, a VHL-based degrader with improved potency and reduced toxicity compared to previous small molecule inhibitors. Here, we determine crystal structures of VHL/753b/BCL-xL and VHL/753b/BCL-2 ternary complexes. The two ternary complexes exhibit markedly different architectures that are accompanied by distinct networks of interactions at the VHL/753b-linker/target interfaces. The importance of these interfacial contacts is validated via functional analysis and informed subsequent rational and structure-guided design focused on the 753b linker and BCL-2/BCL-xL warhead. This results in the design of a degrader, WH244, with enhanced potency to degrade BCL-xL/BCL-2 in cells. Using biophysical assays followed by in cell activities, we are able to explain the enhanced target degradation of BCL-xL/BCL-2 in cells. Most PROTACs are empirically designed and lack structural studies, making it challenging to understand their modes of action and specificity. Our work presents a streamlined approach that combines rational design and structure-based insights backed with cell-based studies to develop effective PROTAC-based cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Digant Nayak
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology and Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Dongwen Lv
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology and Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Yaxia Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology and Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Peiyi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Wanyi Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Anindita Nayak
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology and Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Eliza A Ruben
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology and Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Zongyang Lv
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology and Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Patrick Sung
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology and Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Robert Hromas
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Guangrong Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - Daohong Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology and Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
| | - Shaun K Olsen
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology and Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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18
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Wu Z, Yang Y, Wang M. Silencing p75NTR regulates osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis of BMSCs to enhance bone healing in fractured rats. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:192. [PMID: 38504358 PMCID: PMC10953090 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04653-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fractures heal through a process that involves angiogenesis and osteogenesis but may also lead to non-union or delayed healing. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been reported to play a pivotal role in bone formation and vascular regeneration and the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) as being an important regulator of osteogenesis. Herein, we aim to determine the potential mediation of BMSCs by p75NTR in bone healing. METHODS Rat BMSCs were identified by flow cytometry (FCM) to detect cell cycle and surface markers. Then transfection of si/oe-p75NTR was performed in BMSCs, followed by Alizarin red staining to detect osteogenic differentiation of cells, immunofluorescence double staining was performed to detect the expression of p75NTR and sortilin, co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP) was conducted to analyze the interaction between p75NTR and sortilin, and EdU staining and cell scratch assay to assess the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The expression of HIF-1α, VEGF, and apoptosis-related proteins were also detected. In addition, a rat fracture healing model was constructed, and BMSCs-si-p75NTR were injected, following which the fracture condition was observed using micro-CT imaging, and the expression of platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) was assessed. RESULTS The results showed that BMSCs were successfully isolated, p75NTR inhibited apoptosis and the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, while si-p75NTR led to a decrease in sortilin expression in BMSCs, increased proliferation and migration in HUVECs, and upregulation of HIF-1α and VEGF expression. In addition, an interaction was observed between p75NTR and sortilin. The knockdown of p75NTR was found to reduce the severity of fracture in rats and increase the expression of CD31 and osteogenesis-related proteins. CONCLUSION Silencing p75NTR effectively modulates BMSCs to promote osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis, offering a novel perspective for improving fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Wu
- Department of Trauma and Arthrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yongming Yang
- Department of Trauma and Arthrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Trauma and Arthrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China.
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19
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Khan S, Cao L, Wiegand J, Zhang P, Zajac-Kaye M, Kaye FJ, Zheng G, Zhou D. PROTAC-Mediated Dual Degradation of BCL-xL and BCL-2 Is a Highly Effective Therapeutic Strategy in Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cells 2024; 13:528. [PMID: 38534371 PMCID: PMC10968744 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BCL-xL and BCL-2 are validated therapeutic targets in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Targeting these proteins with navitoclax (formerly ABT263, a dual BCL-xL/2 inhibitor) induces dose-limiting thrombocytopenia through on-target BCL-xL inhibition in platelets. Therefore, platelet toxicity poses a barrier in advancing the clinical translation of navitoclax. We have developed a strategy to selectively target BCL-xL in tumors, while sparing platelets, by utilizing proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) that hijack the cellular ubiquitin proteasome system for target ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. In our previous study, the first-in-class BCL-xL PROTAC, called DT2216, was shown to have synergistic antitumor activities when combined with venetoclax (formerly ABT199, BCL-2-selective inhibitor) in a BCL-xL/2 co-dependent SCLC cell line, NCI-H146 (hereafter referred to as H146), in vitro and in a xenograft model. Guided by these findings, we evaluated our newly developed BCL-xL/2 dual degrader, called 753b, in three BCL-xL/2 co-dependent SCLC cell lines and the H146 xenograft models. 753b was found to degrade both BCL-xL and BCL-2 in these cell lines. Importantly, it was considerably more potent than DT2216, navitoclax, or DT2216 + venetoclax in reducing the viability of BCL-xL/2 co-dependent SCLC cell lines in cell culture. In vivo, 5 mg/kg weekly dosing of 753b was found to lead to significant tumor growth delay, similar to the DT2216 + venetoclax combination in H146 xenografts, by degrading both BCL-xL and BCL-2. Additionally, 753b administration at 5 mg/kg every four days induced tumor regressions. At this dosage, 753b was well tolerated in mice, without observable induction of severe thrombocytopenia as seen with navitoclax, and no evidence of significant changes in mouse body weights. These results suggest that the BCL-xL/2 dual degrader could be an effective and safe therapeutic for a subset of SCLC patients, warranting clinical trials in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Khan
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Lin Cao
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Janet Wiegand
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Peiyi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Maria Zajac-Kaye
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Frederic J. Kaye
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Guangrong Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Daohong Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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20
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Niu P, Xu H, Fan M. Discovery and optimization of (2-naphthylthio)acetic acid derivative as selective Bfl-1 inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 101:129658. [PMID: 38373466 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic protein family suppresses cell death by deploying a surface groove to capture the critical BH3 α-helix of pro-apoptotic members. Bfl-1 is a relatively understudied member of this family, though it has been implicated in the pathogenesis and chemoresistance of a variety of human cancers. Reported small molecular Bfl-1 inhibitors encountered the issue of either lack in potency or poor selectivity against its most homologous member Mcl-1. In order to tackle this issue, compound library was screened and a hit compound UMI-77 was identified. We modified its chemical structure to remove the characteristic of PAINS (pan-assay interference compounds), demonstrated the real binding affinity and achieved selectivity against Mcl-1 under the guidance of computational modeling. After optimization 15 was obtained as leading compound to block Bfl-1/BIM interaction in vitro with more than 10-fold selectivity over Mcl-1. We believe 15 is of great value for the exploration of Bfl-1 biological function and its potential as therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Niu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine (AMT), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Huiqi Xu
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Mengyang Fan
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
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21
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Mei W, Mei B, Chang J, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Zhu N, Hu M. Role and regulation of FOXO3a: new insights into breast cancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1346745. [PMID: 38505423 PMCID: PMC10949727 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1346745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in the world, particularly affecting female cancer patients. Enhancing the therapeutic strategies for breast cancer necessitates identifying molecular drug targets that effectively eliminate tumor cells. One of these prominent targets is the forkhead and O3a class (FOXO3a), a member of the forkhead transcription factor subfamily. FOXO3a plays a pivotal role in various cellular processes, including apoptosis, proliferation, cell cycle regulation, and drug resistance. It acts as a tumor suppressor in multiple cancer types, although its specific role in cancer remains unclear. Moreover, FOXO3a shows promise as a potential marker for tumor diagnosis and prognosis in breast cancer patients. In addition, it is actively influenced by common anti-breast cancer drugs like paclitaxel, simvastatin, and gefitinib. In breast cancer, the regulation of FOXO3a involves intricate networks, encompassing post-translational modification post-translational regulation by non-coding RNA (ncRNA) and protein-protein interaction. The specific mechanism of FOXO3a in breast cancer urgently requires further investigation. This review aims to systematically elucidate the role of FOXO3a in breast cancer. Additionally, it reviews the interaction of FOXO3a and its upstream and downstream signaling pathway-related molecules to uncover potential therapeutic drugs and related regulatory factors for breast cancer treatment by regulating FOXO3a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiu Mei
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
- Department of Neurology, Ezhou Central Hospital, Ezhou, China
| | - Bingyin Mei
- Department of Neurology, Ezhou Central Hospital, Ezhou, China
| | - Jing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Medical School of Facial Features, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Ni Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Meichun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
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22
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Maji A, Paul A, Sarkar A, Nahar S, Bhowmik R, Samanta A, Nahata P, Ghosh B, Karmakar S, Kumar Maity T. Significance of TRAIL/Apo-2 ligand and its death receptors in apoptosis and necroptosis signalling: Implications for cancer-targeted therapeutics. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 221:116041. [PMID: 38316367 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The human immune defensesystem routinely expresses the tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), which is the most prevalent element for antitumor immunity. TRAIL associates with its death receptors (DRs), DR4 (TRAIL-R1), and DR5 (TRAIL-R2), in cancer cells to initiate the intracellular apoptosis cascade. Accordingly, numerous academic institutions and pharmaceutical companies havetried to exploreTRAIL's capacity to kill tumourcells by producing recombinant versions of it (rhTRAIL) or TRAIL receptor agonists (TRAs) [monoclonal antibody (mAb), synthetic and natural compounds, etc.] and molecules that sensitize TRAIL signalling pathway for therapeutic applications. Recently, several microRNAs (miRs) have been found to activate or inhibit death receptor signalling. Therefore, pharmacological regulation of these miRs may activate or resensitize the TRAIL DRs signal, and this is a novel approach for developing anticancer therapeutics. In this article, we will discuss TRAIL and its receptors and molecular pathways by which it induces various cell death events. We will unravel potential innovative applications of TRAIL-based therapeutics, and other investigated therapeutics targeting TRAIL-DRs and summarize the current preclinical pharmacological studies and clinical trials. Moreover, we will also emphasizea few situations where future efforts may be addressed to modulate the TRAIL signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avik Maji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata 700 032, India.
| | - Abhik Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata 700 032, India.
| | - Arnab Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata 700 032, India; Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Sourin Nahar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata 700 032, India.
| | - Rudranil Bhowmik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata 700 032, India; Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Ajeya Samanta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata 700 032, India.
| | - Pankaj Nahata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata 700 032, India.
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad-500078, India.
| | - Sanmoy Karmakar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata 700 032, India; Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Tapan Kumar Maity
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata 700 032, India.
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23
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Shen XY, Zhang XY, Han PP, Zhao YN, Xu GH, Bi X. Mechanisms of intermittent theta-burst stimulation attenuating nerve injury after ischemic reperfusion in rats through endoplasmic reticulum stress and ferroptosis. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:377. [PMID: 38427114 PMCID: PMC10907498 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09241-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) exerts neuroprotective effects early in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Intermittent theta-brust stimulation (iTBS), a more time-efficient modality of rTMS, improves the efficiency without at least decreasing the efficacy of the therapy. iTBS elevates cortical excitability, and in recent years it has become increasingly common to apply iTBS to patients in the early post-IS period. However, little is known about the neuroprotective mechanisms of iTBS. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and ferroptosis have been shown to be involved in the development of I/R injury. We aimed to investigate the potential regulatory mechanisms by which iTBS attenuates neurological injury after I/R in rats. METHODS Rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operated group, MCAO/R group, and MCAO/R + iTBS group, and were stimulated with iTBS 36 h after undergoing middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) or sham-operated. The expression of ERS, ferroptosis, and apoptosis-related markers was subsequently detected by western blot assays. We also investigated the mechanism by which iTBS attenuates nerve injury after ischemic reperfusion in rats by using the modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) and the balance beam test to measure nerve function. RESULTS iTBS performed early in I/R injury attenuated the levels of ERS, ferroptosis, and apoptosis, and improved neurological function, including mNSS and balance beam experiments. It is suggested that this mode of stimulation reduces the cost per treatment by several times without compromising the efficacy of the treatment and could be a practical and less costly intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ya Shen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing-Yu Zhang
- Graduate School of Shanghai, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping-Ping Han
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ning Zhao
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Hui Xu
- Huadong Hospital, Affiliated to Fudan University, 221 West Yan'an Road, Jing'an District, 200040, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xia Bi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.
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24
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Khan S, Cao L, Wiegand J, Zhang P, Zajac-Kaye M, Kaye FJ, Zheng G, Zhou D. PROTAC-mediated dual degradation of BCL-xL and BCL-2 is a highly effective therapeutic strategy in small-cell lung cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.27.582353. [PMID: 38464204 PMCID: PMC10925307 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.27.582353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BCL-xL and BCL-2 are validated therapeutic targets in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Targeting these proteins with navitoclax (formerly ABT263, a dual BCL-xL/2 inhibitor) induces dose-limiting thrombocytopenia through on-target BCL-xL inhibition in platelets. Therefore, platelet toxicity poses a barrier in advancing the clinical translation of navitoclax. We have developed a strategy to selectively target BCL-xL in tumors, while sparing platelets, by utilizing proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) that hijack the cellular ubiquitin proteasome system for target ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. In our previous study, the first-in-class BCL-xL PROTAC, called DT2216, was shown to have synergistic antitumor activities when combined with venetoclax (formerly ABT199, BCL-2-selective inhibitor) in a BCL-xL/2 co-dependent SCLC cell line, NCI-H146 (hereafter referred to as H146), in vitro and in a xenograft model. Guided by these findings, we evaluated our newly developed BCL-xL/2 dual degrader, called 753b, in three BCL-xL/2 co-dependent SCLC cell lines and the H146 xenograft models. 753b was found to degrade both BCL-xL and BCL-2 in these cell lines. Importantly, it was considerably more potent than DT2216, navitoclax, or DT2216+venetoclax to reduce the viability of BCL-xL/2 co-dependent SCLC cell lines in cell culture. In vivo, 5 mg/kg weekly dosing of 753b leads to significant tumor growth delay similar to the DT2216+venetoclax combination in H146 xenografts by degrading both BCL-xL and BCL-2. Additionally, 753b administration at 5 mg/kg every four days induced tumor regressions. 753b at this dosage was well tolerated in mice without induction of severe thrombocytopenia as seen with navitoclax nor induced significant changes in mouse body weights. These results suggest that the BCL-xL/2 dual degrader could be an effective and safe therapeutic for a subset of SCLC patients warranting clinical trials in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Khan
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Lin Cao
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Janet Wiegand
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Peiyi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Maria Zajac-Kaye
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Frederic J. Kaye
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Guangrong Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Daohong Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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25
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Menendez JA, Cuyàs E, Encinar JA, Vander Steen T, Verdura S, Llop‐Hernández À, López J, Serrano‐Hervás E, Osuna S, Martin‐Castillo B, Lupu R. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) signalome: A molecular guide for precision oncology. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:479-516. [PMID: 38158755 PMCID: PMC10920094 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The initial excitement generated more than two decades ago by the discovery of drugs targeting fatty acid synthase (FASN)-catalyzed de novo lipogenesis for cancer therapy was short-lived. However, the advent of the first clinical-grade FASN inhibitor (TVB-2640; denifanstat), which is currently being studied in various phase II trials, and the exciting advances in understanding the FASN signalome are fueling a renewed interest in FASN-targeted strategies for the treatment and prevention of cancer. Here, we provide a detailed overview of how FASN can drive phenotypic plasticity and cell fate decisions, mitochondrial regulation of cell death, immune escape and organ-specific metastatic potential. We then present a variety of FASN-targeted therapeutic approaches that address the major challenges facing FASN therapy. These include limitations of current FASN inhibitors and the lack of precision tools to maximize the therapeutic potential of FASN inhibitors in the clinic. Rethinking the role of FASN as a signal transducer in cancer pathogenesis may provide molecularly driven strategies to optimize FASN as a long-awaited target for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A. Menendez
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE)Catalan Institute of OncologyGironaSpain
- Girona Biomedical Research InstituteGironaSpain
| | - Elisabet Cuyàs
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE)Catalan Institute of OncologyGironaSpain
- Girona Biomedical Research InstituteGironaSpain
| | - Jose Antonio Encinar
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cell Biology Institute (IBMC)Miguel Hernández University (UMH)ElcheSpain
| | - Travis Vander Steen
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
- Mayo Clinic Cancer CenterRochesterMNUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology LaboratoryMayo Clinic LaboratoryRochesterMNUSA
| | - Sara Verdura
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE)Catalan Institute of OncologyGironaSpain
- Girona Biomedical Research InstituteGironaSpain
| | - Àngela Llop‐Hernández
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE)Catalan Institute of OncologyGironaSpain
- Girona Biomedical Research InstituteGironaSpain
| | - Júlia López
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE)Catalan Institute of OncologyGironaSpain
- Girona Biomedical Research InstituteGironaSpain
| | - Eila Serrano‐Hervás
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE)Catalan Institute of OncologyGironaSpain
- Girona Biomedical Research InstituteGironaSpain
- CompBioLab Group, Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de QuímicaUniversitat de GironaGironaSpain
| | - Sílvia Osuna
- CompBioLab Group, Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de QuímicaUniversitat de GironaGironaSpain
- ICREABarcelonaSpain
| | - Begoña Martin‐Castillo
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE)Catalan Institute of OncologyGironaSpain
- Girona Biomedical Research InstituteGironaSpain
- Unit of Clinical ResearchCatalan Institute of OncologyGironaSpain
| | - Ruth Lupu
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
- Mayo Clinic Cancer CenterRochesterMNUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology LaboratoryMayo Clinic LaboratoryRochesterMNUSA
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Dou Z, Lei H, Su W, Zhang T, Chen X, Yu B, Zhen X, Si J, Sun C, Zhang H, Di C. Modification of BCLX pre-mRNA splicing has antitumor efficacy alone or in combination with radiotherapy in human glioblastoma cells. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:160. [PMID: 38383492 PMCID: PMC10881996 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06507-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Dysregulation of anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic protein isoforms arising from aberrant splicing is a crucial hallmark of cancers and may contribute to therapeutic resistance. Thus, targeting RNA splicing to redirect isoform expression of apoptosis-related genes could lead to promising anti-cancer phenotypes. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common type of malignant brain tumor in adults. In this study, through RT-PCR and Western Blot analysis, we found that BCLX pre-mRNA is aberrantly spliced in GBM cells with a favored splicing of anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL. Modulation of BCLX pre-mRNA splicing using splice-switching oligonucleotides (SSOs) efficiently elevated the pro-apoptotic isoform Bcl-xS at the expense of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL. Induction of Bcl-xS by SSOs activated apoptosis and autophagy in GBM cells. In addition, we found that ionizing radiation could also modulate the alternative splicing of BCLX. In contrast to heavy (carbon) ion irradiation, low energy X-ray radiation-induced an increased ratio of Bcl-xL/Bcl-xS. Inhibiting Bcl-xL through splicing regulation can significantly enhance the radiation sensitivity of 2D and 3D GBM cells. These results suggested that manipulation of BCLX pre-mRNA alternative splicing by splice-switching oligonucleotides is a novel approach to inhibit glioblastoma tumorigenesis alone or in combination with radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Dou
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Huiwen Lei
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Wei Su
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Taotao Zhang
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Boyi Yu
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhen
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Jing Si
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516029, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516029, China.
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China.
| | - Cuixia Di
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516029, China.
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China.
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Rad AN, Grillari J. Current senolytics: Mode of action, efficacy and limitations, and their future. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 217:111888. [PMID: 38040344 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Senescence is a cellular state characterized by its near-permanent halted cell cycle and distinct secretory phenotype. Although senescent cells have a variety of beneficial physiological functions, progressive accumulation of these cells due to aging or other conditions has been widely shown to provoke deleterious effects on the normal functioning of the same or higher-level biological organizations. Recently, erasing senescent cells in vivo, using senolytics, could ameliorate diseases identified with an elevated number of senescent cells. Since then, researchers have struggled to develop new senolytics each with different selectivity and potency. In this review, we have gathered and classified the proposed senolytics and discussed their mechanisms of action. Moreover, we highlight the heterogeneity of senolytics regarding their effect sizes, and cell type specificity as well as comment on the exploited strategies to improve these features. Finally, we suggest some prospective routes for the novel methods for ablation of senescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Nayeri Rad
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71468-64685, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
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28
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Meng XY, Wang KJ, Ye SZ, Chen JF, Chen ZY, Zhang ZY, Yin WQ, Jia XL, Li Y, Yu R, Ma Q. Sinularin stabilizes FOXO3 protein to trigger prostate cancer cell intrinsic apoptosis. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 220:116011. [PMID: 38154548 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.116011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Sinularin, a natural product that purified from soft coral, exhibits anti-tumor effects against various human cancers. However, the mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we demonstrated that Sinularin inhibited the viability of human prostate cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner and displayed significant cytotoxicity only at high concentration against normal prostate epithelial cell RWPE-1. Flow cytometry assay demonstrated that Sinularin induced tumor cell apoptosis. Further investigations revealed that Sinularin exerted anti-tumor activity through intrinsic apoptotic pathway along with up-regulation of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and PUMA, inhibition of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, mitochondrial membrane potential collapses, and release of mitochondrial proteins. Furthermore, we illustrated that Sinularin induced cell apoptosis via up-regulating PUMA through inhibition of FOXO3 degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. To explore how Sinularin suppress FOXO3 ubiquitin-proteasome degradation, we tested two important protein kinases AKT and ERK that regulate FOXO3 stabilization. The results revealed that Sinularin stabilized and up-regulated FOXO3 via inhibition of AKT- and ERK1/2-mediated FOXO3 phosphorylation and subsequent ubiquitin-proteasome degradation. Our findings illustrated the potential mechanisms by which Sinularin induced cell apoptosis and Sinularin may be applied as a therapeutic agent for human prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yu Meng
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, the Key Laboratory of Ningbo City, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China; Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Urological Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ke-Jie Wang
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, the Key Laboratory of Ningbo City, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China; Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Urological Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sha-Zhou Ye
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, the Key Laboratory of Ningbo City, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China; Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Urological Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun-Feng Chen
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, the Key Laboratory of Ningbo City, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China; Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Urological Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhao-Yu Chen
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, the Key Laboratory of Ningbo City, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China; Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Urological Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zuo-Yan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei-Qi Yin
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Urological Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China; Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Long Jia
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Urological Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China; Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Rui Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, #818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qi Ma
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, the Key Laboratory of Ningbo City, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China; Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Urological Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China; Comprehensive Genitourinary Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, #59 Liuting Street, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China; Yi-Huan Genitourinary Cancer Group, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China.
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29
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Yang B, Yang Z. Deterministic and stochastic approaches to a minimal model for the transition from autophagy to apoptosis. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2024; 21:3207-3228. [PMID: 38454725 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2024142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy and apoptosis are crucial cellular mechanisms. The cytoprotective function of autophagy is mediated by the negative regulation of apoptosis, which in turn inhibits autophagy. Although research into the molecular connection between autophagy and apoptosis is booming, the intricate regulatory mechanisms of this process are still not completely understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a minimal model to explore the transition from autophagy to apoptosis. This biological system was analyzed by comprehensively integrating both the deterministic and the stochastic dynamics of the cells. The system exhibited bistability, and the statistical properties of cells undergoing autophagy and apoptosis were analyzed at two different stress levels with varying noise strengths. Moreover, we investigated how noise affected the double negative feedback loops between autophagy and apoptosis and further triggered transitions at two different stress levels and initial conditions. Finally, the effect of noise on transition was comprehensively studied under continuous stress variations and the two different initial conditions, showing that stronger noise results in more randomness during the switching process. Our work may provide novel insights for further experiments and modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojie Yang
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhuoqin Yang
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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30
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Zhang X, Zhang Q, Yu M, Zhang Y, He T, Qiu Z, Qiu Y, Wang W. Integrating serum pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology to explore the molecular mechanisms of Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Harms on attenuating doxorubicin-induced myocardial injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117349. [PMID: 38380572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Harms (AS), also known as Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim. or Siberian ginseng, has a rich history of use as an adaptogen, a substance believed to increase the body's resistance to stress, fatigue, and infectious diseases. As a traditional Chinese medicine, AS is popular for its cardioprotective effects which can protect the cardiovascular system from hazardous conditions. Doxorubicin (DOX), on the other hand, is a first-line chemotherapeutic agent against a variety of cancers, including breast cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, and leukemia, etc. Despite its effectiveness, the clinical use of DOX is limited by its side effects, the most serious of which is cardiotoxicity. Considering AS could be applied as an adjuvant to anticancer agents, the combination of AS and DOX might exert synergistic effects on certain malignancies with mitigated cardiotoxicity. Given this, it is necessary and meaningful to confirm whether AS would neutralize the DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and its underlying molecular mechanisms. AIM OF THE STUDY This paper aims to validate the cardioprotective effects of AS against DOX-induced myocardial injury (MI) while deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying such effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, the cardioprotective effects of AS against DOX-induced MI were confirmed both in vitro and in vivo. Secondly, serum pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology were orchestrated to explore the in vivo active compounds of AS and predict their ways of functioning in the treatment of DOX-induced MI. Finally, the predicted mechanisms were validated by Western blot analysis during in vivo experiments. RESULTS The results demonstrated that AS possessed excellent antioxidative ability, and could alleviate the apoptosis of H9C2 cells and the damage to mitochondria induced by DOX. In vivo experiments indicated that AS could restore the conduction abnormalities and ameliorate histopathological changes according to the electrocardiogram and cardiac morphology. Meanwhile, it markedly downregulated the inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β), decreased plasma ALT, AST, LDH, CK, CK-MB, and MDA levels, as well as increased SOD and GSH levels compared to the model group, which collectively substantiate the effectiveness of AS. Afterward, 14 compounds were identified from different batches of AS-dosed serum and selected for mechanism prediction through HPLC-HRMS analysis and network pharmacology. Consequently, the MAPKs and caspase cascade were confirmed as primary targets among which the interplay between the JNK/Caspase 3 feedback loop and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 were highlighted. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the integrated approach employed in this paper illuminated the molecular mechanism of AS against DOX-induced MI, whilst providing a valuable strategy to elucidate the therapeutic effects of complicated TCM systems more reliably and efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Menghan Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Yanfei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China; School of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, China.
| | - Tianzhu He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Zhidong Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Ye Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Weinan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
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31
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Chen Y, Li S, Yang Z, Wang T, Yin F, Zhao X, Zhang Y. Value of Bax and Bcl2 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells for clinical prognosis of patients with chronic heart failure. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36943. [PMID: 38241555 PMCID: PMC10798729 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate the expression of Bax and Bcl2 protein in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), and to analyze their value for predicting major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) in CHF patients. A total of 154 fasting venous blood samples from CHF patients were collected in our hospital from January 2017 to June 2019, and they were divided into 2 group according to whether MACE occurred during 3 years follow-up, MACE group and No-MACE group. Levels of Bax and Bcl2 protein expression in PBMC of CHF patients using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and then evaluated the predictive power of Bax and Bcl2 expression for MACE using logistic regression analysis and ROC curve. 62 (40.26%) of 154 CHF patients occurred MACE during follow-up, and there were significant differences in age, diabetes, LVEF, LDL-C and NYHA grade between MACE group and No-MACE group. Levels of Bax protein expression in PBMC of CHF patients in MACE group were significantly higher than those in No-MACE group, while levels of Bcl2 protein expression were significantly lower than those in No-MACE group, and Bax and Bcl2 protein levels increased and decreased with NYHA grades in MACE group and No-MACE group, respectively. Results of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Bax (OR, 1.026; 95% CI, 1.003-1.049; P = .027) and Bcl2 levels (OR, 0.952; 95% CI, 0.908-0.998; P = .041) were independent predictive factors for MACE in CHF patients. In addition, Bax and Bcl2 levels could be used to differentiate CHF patients at risk for MACE with an AUC of 0.744 (95% CI: 0.660-0.827) and an AUC of 0.743 (95% CI: 0.667-0.819), respectively. Levels of Bax and Bcl2 protein in PBMC could be used as independent predictive factors for MACE in CHF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangang Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Liangzhou Hospital of Wuwei City, Wuwei City, Gansu Province, China
| | - Shuiquan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Liangzhou Hospital of Wuwei City, Wuwei City, Gansu Province, China
| | - Zhenwen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Liangzhou Hospital of Wuwei City, Wuwei City, Gansu Province, China
| | - Tianlu Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Liangzhou Hospital of Wuwei City, Wuwei City, Gansu Province, China
| | - Fahui Yin
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Liangzhou Hospital of Wuwei City, Wuwei City, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Liangzhou Hospital of Wuwei City, Wuwei City, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Liangzhou Hospital of Wuwei City, Wuwei City, Gansu Province, China
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Finlay D, Murad R, Hong K, Lee J, Pang AWC, Lai CY, Clifford B, Burian C, Mason J, Hastie AR, Yin J, Vuori K. Detection of Genomic Structural Variations Associated with Drug Sensitivity and Resistance in Acute Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:418. [PMID: 38254907 PMCID: PMC10814465 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute leukemia is a particularly problematic collection of hematological cancers, and, while somewhat rare, the survival rate of patients is typically abysmal without bone marrow transplantation. Furthermore, traditional chemotherapies used as standard-of-care for patients cause significant side effects. Understanding the evolution of leukemia to identify novel targets and, therefore, drug treatment regimens is a significant medical need. Genomic rearrangements and other structural variations (SVs) have long been known to be causative and pathogenic in multiple types of cancer, including leukemia. These SVs may be involved in cancer initiation, progression, clonal evolution, and drug resistance, and a better understanding of SVs from individual patients may help guide therapeutic options. Here, we show the utilization of optical genome mapping (OGM) to detect known and novel SVs in the samples of patients with leukemia. Importantly, this technology provides an unprecedented level of granularity and quantitation unavailable to other current techniques and allows for the unbiased detection of novel SVs, which may be relevant to disease pathogenesis and/or drug resistance. Coupled with the chemosensitivities of these samples to FDA-approved oncology drugs, we show how an impartial integrative analysis of these diverse datasets can be used to associate the detected genomic rearrangements with multiple drug sensitivity profiles. Indeed, an insertion in the gene MUSK is shown to be associated with increased sensitivity to the clinically relevant agent Idarubicin, while partial tandem duplication events in the KMT2A gene are related to the efficacy of another frontline treatment, Cytarabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Finlay
- NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (R.M.)
| | - Rabi Murad
- NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (R.M.)
| | - Karl Hong
- Bionano Genomics Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Joyce Lee
- Bionano Genomics Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | | | - Chi-Yu Lai
- Bionano Genomics Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | | | | | - James Mason
- Scripps MD Anderson, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Jun Yin
- NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (R.M.)
| | - Kristiina Vuori
- NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (R.M.)
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Li S, Xu B, Luo Y, Luo J, Huang S, Guo X. Autophagy and Apoptosis in Rabies Virus Replication. Cells 2024; 13:183. [PMID: 38247875 PMCID: PMC10814280 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Rabies virus (RABV) is a single-stranded negative-sense RNA virus belonging to the Rhabdoviridae family and Lyssavirus genus, which is highly neurotropic and can infect almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans. Autophagy and apoptosis are two evolutionarily conserved and genetically regulated processes that maintain cellular and organismal homeostasis, respectively. Autophagy recycles unnecessary or dysfunctional intracellular organelles and molecules in a cell, whereas apoptosis eliminates damaged or unwanted cells in an organism. Studies have shown that RABV can induce both autophagy and apoptosis in target cells. To advance our understanding of pathogenesis of rabies, this paper reviews the molecular mechanisms of autophagy and apoptosis induced by RABV and the effects of the two cellular events on RABV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Bowen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
| | - Yongwen Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jun Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA;
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.L.); (Y.L.)
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Maru V, Ismail B M, Langaliya A, Karthikeyan B, Habiba S. Evaluation of cytotoxicity of 3.8 % SDF and BioAKT solutions on the viability of dental pulp stem cells. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2024; 14:86-91. [PMID: 38293570 PMCID: PMC10825334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nonsurgical endodontic therapies have evolved from classic endodontic therapies to regenerative endodontic treatments (RETs) in recent years. In context of the cytotoxic activity of the most commonly used endodontic irrigant, NaOCl, newer endodontic irrigating solutions should be tested for its effective use in RETs. The aim of this trial was to examine and assess the cytotoxic response of 3.8 % SDF and BioAKT irrigating solutions on the viability of DPSCs. Methods The viability of DPSCs cultivated in 5.25 % NaOCl, 3.8 % SDF & BioAKT at dilutions of 1:100,1:20 &1:10 were evaluated through MTT assay after 10 min, 60 min and 24 h incubation, detection of apoptosis and ALP activity after 7,14 & 21-days incubation. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post hoc Turkey HSD was performed to determine significant differences between the specimens tested. Results When compared to the control at all time periods, all test specimens at varied dilutions (1:100, 1:20, and 1:10) caused no cytotoxic effects. The maximum number of live cells and ALP activity was observed with DPSCs cultivated in BioAKT followed by 3.8 % SDF and 5.25 % NaOCl at all time intervals. Conclusion Different doses of 3.8 % SDF and BioAKT solution revealed encouraging outcomes when compared to 5.25 % NaOCl in terms of viability, proliferation and long-term ALP functioning potential when cultivated in DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viral Maru
- Dept. Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, Government Dental College & Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Mohammed Ismail B
- Dept of Periodontology, Guardian College of Dental Sciences, Ambernath, India
| | - Akshayraj Langaliya
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, AMC Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Syeda Habiba
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Rajasthan Dental College, Jaipur, India
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Lin Y, Ding Y, Wu Y, Yang Y, Liu Z, Xiang L, Zhang C. The underestimated role of mitochondria in vitiligo: From oxidative stress to inflammation and cell death. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e14856. [PMID: 37338012 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentary disorder characterized by the depletion of melanocytes in the skin. Mitochondria shoulder multiple functions in cells, such as production of ATP, maintenance of redox balance, initiation of inflammation and regulation of cell death. Increasing evidence has implicated the involvement of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Mitochondria alteration will cause the abnormalities of mitochondria functions mentioned above, ultimately leading to melanocyte loss through various cell death modes. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a critical role in mitochondrial homeostasis, and the downregulation of Nrf2 in vitiligo may correlate with mitochondria damage, making both mitochondria and Nrf2 promising targets in treatment of vitiligo. In this review, we aim to discuss the alterations of mitochondria and its role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuecen Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwen Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziqi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Leihong Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengfeng Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Wang W, Wang H, Long Y, Li Z, Li J. Controlling Hair Loss by Regulating Apoptosis in Hair Follicles: A Comprehensive Overview. Biomolecules 2023; 14:20. [PMID: 38254620 PMCID: PMC10813359 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is a physiological process that occurs in all cell types of the human body, and it profoundly changes the fate of hair by affecting hair follicle cells. This review outlines the cellular changes, intrinsic biochemical characteristics, and mechanisms underlying apoptosis and summarizes the hair follicle life cycle, including development, cycle stages, and corresponding cellular changes. Finally, the relationship between apoptosis and the hair cycle is discussed and the significance of apoptosis in hair loss conditions and drug treatments is highlighted. Apoptosis induces cellular changes and exhibits distinctive properties through intricate signaling pathways. Hair follicles undergo cyclic periods of growth, regression, and dormancy. Apoptosis is closely correlated with the regression phase by triggering hair follicle cell death and shedding. Regulation of apoptosis in hair follicles plays an essential role in hair loss due to maladies and drug treatments. Mitigating apoptosis can enhance hair growth and minimize hair loss. A comprehensive understanding of the correlation between apoptosis and the hair cycle can facilitate the development of novel treatments to prevent hair loss and stimulate hair regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China; (W.W.); (H.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Honglan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China; (W.W.); (H.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Yunluan Long
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China; (W.W.); (H.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China; (W.W.); (H.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Jingjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China; (W.W.); (H.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
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Wang W, Mai H, Xu H, Jing B, Yu C, Li X, Chen D, Huang Y, Shao M, Pan T. 4,8-Dicarboxyl-8,9-iridoid-1-glycoside inhibits apoptosis in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes via enhanced c-MYC-mediated cholesterol metabolism in vitro. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:240. [PMID: 38082328 PMCID: PMC10712063 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03217-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease related to cholesterol metabolism disorders. However, current therapies for OA are insufficient and no convincing disease-modifying OA drugs exist. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which borojoa iridoid glycoside (BIG) inhibits chondrocyte apoptosis in OA. METHODS Borojoa pulp was heated to 70 °C, and the main active substance in borojoa, BIG, was extracted by fractionation at an ultraviolet 254-nm absorption peak. Chondrocytes were identified by immunohistochemistry and visualized by immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. The proliferation of chondrocytes cultured with BIG was determined by MTS assay. The apoptosis of chondrocytes cultured with BIG was tested by Annexin V-FITC/PI, and the cytokine, protein, and cholesterol levels in chondrocytes were detected by ELISA, RT‒qPCR, Western blot, and biochemistry analyses. Protein‒protein interactions were verified by a coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay. RESULTS BIG promoted chondrocyte proliferation and reduced apoptosis in vitro. BIG induced an alteration of the total RNA profiles in chondrocytes, and bioinformatic analysis showed that BIG inhibited chondrocyte apoptosis by promoting c-MYC expression; KEGG analysis confirmed that BIG-inhibited apoptosis was enriched in the cell cycle pathway. Flow cell cycle experiments confirmed that BIG promoted chondrocyte proliferation by significantly increasing the S phase cell number. The c-MYC inhibitor 10058-F4 stimulated the increased expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and AGEs and suppressed the cholesterol metabolism, which promoted chondrocyte apoptosis and autophagy. Co-IP analysis showed that BIG promoted the interaction of c-MYC and CH25H, Bcl-2, which suggests that BIG could inhibit chondrocyte apoptosis in part by enhancing c-MYC-mediated cholesterol metabolism. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed that BIG promotes chondrocyte proliferation and inhibits apoptosis and autophagy, and BIG improving OA is associated with cholesterol metabolism. The results identify a potential mechanism by which BIG enhances c-MYC-mediated CH25H regulation of cholesterol metabolism in vitro and suggest that BIG might be a promising new drug against OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- WeiBing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Anqing Municipal Hospitals, Anhui Medical University, Anqing, 246000, People's Republic of China
| | - HaiMin Mai
- Department of Orthopedic, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510008, People's Republic of China
| | - Huang Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Anqing Municipal Hospitals, Anhui Medical University, Anqing, 246000, People's Republic of China
| | - BaoSheng Jing
- Department of Orthopedics, Anqing Municipal Hospitals, Anhui Medical University, Anqing, 246000, People's Republic of China
| | - CuiYu Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Anqing Municipal Hospitals, Anhui Medical University, Anqing, 246000, People's Republic of China
| | - XiaoTing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Anqing Municipal Hospitals, Anhui Medical University, Anqing, 246000, People's Republic of China
| | - DanGui Chen
- Department of Hematology, Anqing Municipal Hospitals, Anhui Medical University, Anqing, 246000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Department of Science and Education, Anqing Municipal Hospitals, Anhui Medical University, Anqing, 246000, People's Republic of China
| | - MeiMang Shao
- Department of Science and Education, Anqing Municipal Hospitals, Anhui Medical University, Anqing, 246000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Pan
- Department of Orthopedic, Anqing Municipal Hospitals, Anhui Medical University, Anqing, 246000, People's Republic of China.
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Ni LL, Che YH, Sun HM, Wang B, Wang MY, Yang ZZ, Liu H, Xiao H, Yang DS, Zhu HL, Yang ZB. The therapeutic effect of wasp venom (Vespa magnifica, Smith) and its effective part on rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes through modulating inflammation, redox homeostasis and ferroptosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116700. [PMID: 37315652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that is related to the aberrant proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). Wasp venom (WV, Vespa magnifica, Smith), an insect secretion, has been used to treat RA in Chinese Jingpo national minority's ancient prescription. However, the potential mechanisms haven't been clarified. AIM OF THE STUDY The purposes of this paper were two-fold. First, to investigate which was the best anti-RA effective part of WV-I (molecular weight less than 3 kDa), WV-II (molecular weight 3-10 kDa) and WV-III (molecular weight more than 10 kDa) that were separated from WV. Second, to explore the underlying molecular mechanism of WV and WV-II that was best effective part in RA. MATERIALS AND METHODS The wasps were electrically stimulated and the secretions were collected. WV-I, WV-II and WV-III were acquired by ultracentrifuge method according to molecular weight. Next, WV, WV-I, WV-II and WV-III were identified by HPLC. Functional annotation and pathway analysis of WV used to bioinformatics analysis. RNA-seq analyses were constructed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). GO and KEGG pathway analyses were performed by Metascape database. STRING was used to analyze the PPI network from DEGs. Next, PPI network was visualized using Cytoscape that based on MCODE. The pivotal genes of PPI network and MCODE analysis were verified by qRT-PCR. Subsequently, MH7A cells were performed by MTT assay to evaluate the ability of inhibiting cell proliferation. Luciferase activity assay was conducted in HepG2/STAT1 or HepG2/STAT3 cells to assess STAT1/3 sensitivity of WV, WV-I, WV-II and WV-III. Additionally, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 expression levels were detected by ELISA kits. Intracellular thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) enzyme was evaluated by TrxR activity assay kit. ROS levels, lipid ROS levels and Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were assessed by fluorescence probe. Cell apoptosis and MMP were measured by using flow cytometry. Furthermore, the key proteins of JAK/STAT signaling pathway, protein levels of TrxR and glutathione peroxidase 4 axis (GPX4) were examined by Western blotting assay. RESULTS RNA-sequencing analysis of WV displayed be related to oxidation-reduction, inflammation and apoptosis. The data displayed that WV, WV-II and WV-III inhibited significantly cells proliferation in human MH7A cell line compared to WV-I treatment group, but WV-III had no significant suppressive effect on luciferase activity of STAT3 compared with IL-6-induced group. Combined with earlier reports that WV-III contained major allergens, we selected WV and WV-II further to study the mechanism of anti-RA. In addition, WV and WV-II decreased the level of IL-1β and IL-6 in TNF-α-induced MH7A cells via inactivating of JAK/STAT signaling pathway. On the other hand, WV and WV-II down-regulated the TrxR activity to produce ROS and induce cell apoptosis. Furthermore, WV and WV-II could accumulate lipid ROS to induce GPX4-mediated ferroptosis. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the experimental results revealed that WV and WV-II were potential therapeutic agents for RA through modulating JAK/STAT signaling pathways, redox homeostasis and ferroptosis in MH7A cells. Of note, WV-II was an effective part and the predominant active monomer in WV-II will be further explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Li Ni
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China; College of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Hao Che
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Mei Sun
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Clinical Pharmacy Office, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Mei-Yu Wang
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zi-Zhong Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Huai Xiao
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Da-Song Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Hui-Lin Zhu
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhi-Bin Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China; School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Meanwell NA. Applications of Bioisosteres in the Design of Biologically Active Compounds. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:18087-18122. [PMID: 36961953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The design of bioisosteres represents a creative and productive approach to improve a molecule, including by enhancing potency, addressing pharmacokinetic challenges, reducing off-target liabilities, and productively modulating physicochemical properties. Bioisosterism is a principle exploited in the design of bioactive compounds of interest to both medicinal and agricultural chemists, and in this review, we provide a synopsis of applications where this kind of molecular editing has proved to be advantageous in molecule optimization. The examples selected for discussion focus on bioisosteres of carboxylic acids, applications of fluorine and fluorinated motifs in compound design, some applications of the sulfoximine functionality, the design of bioisosteres of drug-H2O complexes, and the design of bioisosteres of the phenyl ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Meanwell
- The Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, 3805 Old Easton Rd, Doylestown, Pennsylvania 18902, United States
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Leśniak M, Lipniarska J, Majka P, Lejman M, Zawitkowska J. Recent Updates in Venetoclax Combination Therapies in Pediatric Hematological Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16708. [PMID: 38069030 PMCID: PMC10706781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Venetoclax is a strongly effective B-cell lymphoma-2 inhibitor (BCL-2) with an ability to selectively restore the apoptotic potential of cancerous cells. It has been proven that in combination with immunotherapy, targeted therapies, and lower-intensity therapies such as hypomethylating agents (HMAs) or low-dose cytarabine (LDAC), the drug can improve overall outcomes for adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and multiple myeloma (MM), amongst other hematological malignancies, but its benefit in pediatric hematology remains unclear. With a number of preclinical and clinical trials emerging, the newest findings suggest that in many cases of younger patients, venetoclax combination treatment can be well-tolerated, with a safety profile similar to that in adults, despite often leading to severe infections. Studies aim to determine the activity of BCL-2 inhibitor in the treatment of both primary and refractory acute leukemias in combination with standard and high-dose chemotherapy. Although more research is required to identify the optimal venetoclax-based regimen for the pediatric population and its long-term effects on patients' outcomes, it can become a potential therapeutic agent for pediatric oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Leśniak
- Student Scientific Society of Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.L.); (J.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Justyna Lipniarska
- Student Scientific Society of Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.L.); (J.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Patrycja Majka
- Student Scientific Society of Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.L.); (J.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Monika Lejman
- Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Joanna Zawitkowska
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Zhang J, Tian Y. Construction of prognostic risk markers for cervical cancer combined with anoikis-related genes and their clinical significance. Reprod Fertil Dev 2023; 35:677-691. [PMID: 37899003 DOI: 10.1071/rd23050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Several studies have demonstrated that anoikis affects the development, metastasis and prognosis of cancer. AIMS This study aimed to identify anoikis-related marker genes in cervical cancer (CC). METHODS Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) combined with Cox regression analysis was used to construct a prognostic model and analyse the independent prognostic ability of riskscore. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and survival curves were used to evaluate and verify the performance and accuracy of the model. The nomogram of CC prognostic model was drawn using riskscore combined with clinical information. We analysed the relationship between prognostic riskscore and immune infiltration level and analysed immunophenoscore. Finally, qRT-PCR assay was used to verify the feature genes. KEY RESULTS By Cox analysis, we found that the prognostic risk model could effectively predict the risk of CC in patients independently of other clinical factors. Both the levels of immune infiltration and the immunophenoscore were significantly lower in high-risk CC patients than those in low-risk patients, revealing that high-risk patients were likely to have bad response to immunotherapy. The qRT-PCR results of the feature genes were consistent with the results of gene expression in the database. CONCLUSIONS The prognostic model constructed, based on anoikis-related genes in CC, could predict the prognosis of CC patients. IMPLICATIONS The model described here can provide effective support for assessing prognostic risk and devising personalised protocols during clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmei Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, Northwest Women and Children's Hospital (Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yanni Tian
- Department of Gynaecology, Northwest Women and Children's Hospital (Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, China
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Zhao L, Liu P, Mao M, Zhang S, Bigenwald C, Dutertre CA, Lehmann CHK, Pan H, Paulhan N, Amon L, Buqué A, Yamazaki T, Galluzzi L, Kloeckner B, Silvin A, Pan Y, Chen H, Tian AL, Ly P, Dudziak D, Zitvogel L, Kepp O, Kroemer G. BCL2 Inhibition Reveals a Dendritic Cell-Specific Immune Checkpoint That Controls Tumor Immunosurveillance. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:2448-2469. [PMID: 37623817 PMCID: PMC7615270 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-1338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
We developed a phenotypic screening platform for the functional exploration of dendritic cells (DC). Here, we report a genome-wide CRISPR screen that revealed BCL2 as an endogenous inhibitor of DC function. Knockout of BCL2 enhanced DC antigen presentation and activation as well as the capacity of DCs to control tumors and to synergize with PD-1 blockade. The pharmacologic BCL2 inhibitors venetoclax and navitoclax phenocopied these effects and caused a cDC1-dependent regression of orthotopic lung cancers and fibrosarcomas. Thus, solid tumors failed to respond to BCL2 inhibition in mice constitutively devoid of cDC1, and this was reversed by the infusion of DCs. Moreover, cDC1 depletion reduced the therapeutic efficacy of BCL2 inhibitors alone or in combination with PD-1 blockade and treatment with venetoclax caused cDC1 activation, both in mice and in patients. In conclusion, genetic and pharmacologic BCL2 inhibition unveils a DC-specific immune checkpoint that restrains tumor immunosurveillance. SIGNIFICANCE BCL2 inhibition improves the capacity of DCs to stimulate anticancer immunity and restrain cancer growth in an immunocompetent context but not in mice lacking cDC1 or mature T cells. This study indicates that BCL2 blockade can be used to sensitize solid cancers to PD-1/PD-L1-targeting immunotherapy. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 2293.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Zhao
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Peng Liu
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Misha Mao
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- Surgical Oncology Department, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- Department of Respiratory and Critical care Medicine, Union Hospital,Wuhan
| | - Camille Bigenwald
- INSERM U1015, Equipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif Cedex, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France
| | - Charles-Antoine Dutertre
- INSERM U1015, Equipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Christian H. K. Lehmann
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen (MICE), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen - European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hui Pan
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Nicolas Paulhan
- INSERM U1015, Equipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Lukas Amon
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen - European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aitziber Buqué
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Takahiro Yamazaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benoit Kloeckner
- INSERM U1015, Equipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Aymeric Silvin
- INSERM U1015, Equipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Yuhong Pan
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Hui Chen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Ai-Ling Tian
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Pierre Ly
- INSERM U1015, Equipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif Cedex, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France
| | - Diana Dudziak
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen (MICE), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen - European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- INSERM U1015, Equipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif Cedex, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
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Milnerowicz S, Maszewska J, Skowera P, Stelmach M, Lejman M. AML under the Scope: Current Strategies and Treatment Involving FLT3 Inhibitors and Venetoclax-Based Regimens. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15849. [PMID: 37958832 PMCID: PMC10647248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease that mainly affects elderly patients who are more often unfit for intensive chemotherapy (median age of diagnosis is 68). The regimens, including venetoclax, a highly specific BCL-2 (B-cell lymphoma-2) inhibitor, are a common alternative because of their safer profile and fewer side effects. However, the resistance phenomenon of leukemic cells necessitates the search for drugs that would help to overcome the resistance and improve treatment outcomes. One of the resistance mechanisms takes place through the upregulation of MCL-1 and BCL-XL, preventing BAX/BAK-driven MOMP (mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization), thus stopping the apoptosis process. Possible partners for BCL-2 inhibitors may include inhibitors from the FLT3i (FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 inhibitor) group. They resensitize cancer cells through the downregulation of MCL-1 expression in the FLT3 mutated cells, resulting in the stronger efficacy of BCL-2 inhibitors. Also, they provide an additional pathway for targeting the clonal cell. Both preclinical and clinical data suggest that the combination might show a synergistic effect and improve patients' outcomes. The aim of this review is to determine whether the combination of venetoclax and FLT3 inhibitors can impact the therapeutic approaches and what other agents they can be combined with.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Milnerowicz
- Student Scientific Society, Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (S.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Julia Maszewska
- Student Scientific Society, Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (S.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Paulina Skowera
- Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Magdalena Stelmach
- Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Monika Lejman
- Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.S.); (M.S.)
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Matsuyama M, Ortega JT, Fedorov Y, Scott-McKean J, Muller-Greven J, Buck M, Adams D, Jastrzebska B, Greenlee W, Matsuyama S. Development of novel cytoprotective small compounds inhibiting mitochondria-dependent cell death. iScience 2023; 26:107916. [PMID: 37841588 PMCID: PMC10568349 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We identified cytoprotective small molecules (CSMs) by a cell-based high-throughput screening of Bax inhibitors. Through a medicinal chemistry program, M109S was developed, which is orally bioactive and penetrates the blood-brain/retina barriers. M109S protected retinal cells in ocular disease mouse models. M109S directly interacted with Bax and inhibited the conformational change and mitochondrial translocation of Bax. M109S inhibited ABT-737-induced apoptosis both in Bax-only and Bak-only mouse embryonic fibroblasts. M109S also inhibited apoptosis induced by staurosporine, etoposide, and obatoclax. M109S decreased maximal mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate and reactive oxygen species production, whereas it increased glycolysis. These effects on cellular metabolism may contribute to the cytoprotective activity of M109S. M109S is a novel small molecule protecting cells from mitochondria-dependent apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. M109S has the potential to become a research tool for studying cell death mechanisms and to develop therapeutics targeting mitochondria-dependent cell death pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieko Matsuyama
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Joseph T. Ortega
- Department of Pharmacology and Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Yuri Fedorov
- Department of Genetics and Genome Science, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jonah Scott-McKean
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jeannie Muller-Greven
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Matthias Buck
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Drew Adams
- Department of Genetics and Genome Science, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Beata Jastrzebska
- Department of Pharmacology and Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | | | - Shigemi Matsuyama
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Xu J, Dong X, Huang DCS, Xu P, Zhao Q, Chen B. Current Advances and Future Strategies for BCL-2 Inhibitors: Potent Weapons against Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4957. [PMID: 37894324 PMCID: PMC10605442 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting the intrinsic apoptotic pathway regulated by B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) antiapoptotic proteins can overcome the evasion of apoptosis in cancer cells. BCL-2 inhibitors have evolved into an important means of treating cancers by inducing tumor cell apoptosis. As the most extensively investigated BCL-2 inhibitor, venetoclax is highly selective for BCL-2 and can effectively inhibit tumor survival. Its emergence and development have significantly influenced the therapeutic landscape of hematological malignancies, especially in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia, in which it has been clearly incorporated into the recommended treatment regimens. In addition, the considerable efficacy of venetoclax in combination with other agents has been demonstrated in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma and certain lymphomas. Although venetoclax plays a prominent antitumor role in preclinical experiments and clinical trials, large individual differences in treatment outcomes have been characterized in real-world patient populations, and reduced drug sensitivity will lead to disease recurrence or progression. The therapeutic efficacy may vary widely in patients with different molecular characteristics, and key genetic mutations potentially result in differential sensitivities to venetoclax. The identification and validation of more novel biomarkers are required to accurately predict the effectiveness of BCL-2 inhibition therapy. Furthermore, we summarize the recent research progress relating to the use of BCL-2 inhibitors in solid tumor treatment and demonstrate that a wealth of preclinical models have shown promising results through combination therapies. The applications of venetoclax in solid tumors warrant further clinical investigation to define its prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxuan Xu
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (J.X.); (X.D.); (P.X.)
| | - Xiaoqing Dong
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (J.X.); (X.D.); (P.X.)
| | - David C. S. Huang
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia;
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Peipei Xu
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (J.X.); (X.D.); (P.X.)
| | - Quan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (J.X.); (X.D.); (P.X.)
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (J.X.); (X.D.); (P.X.)
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Peroni E, Randi ML, Rosato A, Cagnin S. Acute myeloid leukemia: from NGS, through scRNA-seq, to CAR-T. dissect cancer heterogeneity and tailor the treatment. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:259. [PMID: 37803464 PMCID: PMC10557350 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02841-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant blood cancer with marked cellular heterogeneity due to altered maturation and differentiation of myeloid blasts, the possible causes of which are transcriptional or epigenetic alterations, impaired apoptosis, and excessive cell proliferation. This neoplasm has a high rate of resistance to anticancer therapies and thus a high risk of relapse and mortality because of both the biological diversity of the patient and intratumoral heterogeneity due to the acquisition of new somatic changes. For more than 40 years, the old gold standard "one size fits all" treatment approach included intensive chemotherapy treatment with anthracyclines and cytarabine.The manuscript first traces the evolution of the understanding of the pathology from the 1970s to the present. The enormous strides made in its categorization prove to be crucial for risk stratification, enabling an increasingly personalized diagnosis and treatment approach.Subsequently, we highlight how, over the past 15 years, technological advances enabling single cell RNA sequencing and T-cell modification based on the genomic tools are affecting the classification and treatment of AML. At the dawn of the new millennium, the advent of high-throughput next-generation sequencing technologies has enabled the profiling of patients evidencing different facets of the same disease, stratifying risk, and identifying new possible therapeutic targets that have subsequently been validated. Currently, the possibility of investigating tumor heterogeneity at the single cell level, profiling the tumor at the time of diagnosis or after treatments exist. This would allow the identification of underrepresented cellular subclones or clones resistant to therapeutic approaches and thus responsible for post-treatment relapse that would otherwise be difficult to detect with bulk investigations on the tumor biopsy. Single-cell investigation will then allow even greater personalization of therapy to the genetic and transcriptional profile of the tumor, saving valuable time and dangerous side effects. The era of personalized medicine will take a huge step forward through the disclosure of each individual piece of the complex puzzle that is cancer pathology, to implement a "tailored" therapeutic approach based also on engineered CAR-T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Peroni
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padova, 35128, Italy.
| | - Maria Luigia Randi
- First Medical Clinic, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padova, 35128, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefano Cagnin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy
- CIR-Myo Myology Center, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy
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Guo H, Hu Z, Yang X, Yuan Z, Gao Y, Chen J, Xie L, Chen C, Guo Y, Bai Y. STAT3 inhibition enhances gemcitabine sensitivity in pancreatic cancer by suppressing EMT, immune escape and inducing oxidative stress damage. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110709. [PMID: 37515849 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly-malignant tumor of the digestive system with a very poor prognosis and high mortality. Chemotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade are important treatment strategies for advanced PC. However, chemotherapy resistance and poor therapeutic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors is are the main clinical problems to be solved urgently at present. The effects of combined application of gemcitabine and STAT3 inhibition on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of PC cells (PCCs) were investigated. In addition, oxidative stress (OS), ferroptosis, immune escape, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were evaluated. STAT3 inhibition with Stattic enhanced the inhibitory activity of gemcitabine on PCC proliferation by regulating the cell cycle. STAT3 inhibition enhanced mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in gemcitabine-treated PCCs, but did not induce autophagy and ferroptosis. Further study showed that the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects may be associated with increased OS damage by inactivating Nrf2-HO-1 signaling, as well as DNA damage by inducing the imbalance between ATM andATR-Chk1 pathway. In addition, STAT3 inhibition strengthened gemcitabine-mediated suppression in PCC invasion and migration by antagonizing Smad2/3-dependent EMT. Moreover, the anti-tumorimmuneresponse of gemcitabine was upregulated by Stattic through reducing the expression of PD-L1 and CD47. Mechanistically, combined application of gemcitabine and Stattic suppressed the phosphorylation and nuclear expression of STAT3. Interestingly, the activities of AKT and β-catenin signaling were also regulated, suggesting that drug combination has a broad-spectrum signal regulation effect. STAT3 inhibition enhanced the sensitivity of PCCs to the chemotherapy drug gemcitabine by suppressing EMT and immune escape and inducing OS damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangcheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; The 404th Hospital of Mianyang, 621000 Sichuan, China
| | - Zujian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xuejia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Ziwei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Lili Xie
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Chaoyue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yangyang Guo
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Yongheng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; National Key Clinical Specialty (General Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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48
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Bhole RP, Kute PR, Chikhale RV, Bonde CG, Pant A, Gurav SS. Unlocking the potential of PROTACs: A comprehensive review of protein degradation strategies in disease therapy. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106720. [PMID: 37480814 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
The technology known asPROTACs (PROteolysisTArgeting Chimeras) is a method of protein degradation. Utilising bifunctional small molecules, the ubiquitin-proteosome system (UPS) is used to induce the ubiquitination and degradation of target proteins. In addition to being novel chemical knockdown agents for biological studies that are catalytic, reversible, and rapid, PROTACs used in the treatment for disorders like cancer, immunological disorders, viral diseases, and neurological disorders. The protein degradation field has advanced quickly over the last two years, with a significant rise in research articles on the subject as well as a quick rise in smallmolecule degraders that are currently in or will soon enter the clinical stage. Other new degrading technologies, in addition to PROTAC and molecular glue technology, are also emerging rapidly. In this review article, we mainly focuses on various PROTAC molecules designed with special emphasis on targeted cellular pathways for different diseases i.e., cancer, Viral diseases Immune disorders, Neurodegenerative diseases, etc. We discussed about new technologies based on PROTACs such as Antibody PROTAC, Aptamers, Dual target, Folate caged, TF PROTAC, etc. Also, we listed out the PROTACs which are in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh P Bhole
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra 411018, India.
| | - Payal R Kute
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra 411018, India
| | | | - C G Bonde
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Shirpur Campus 425 405, India.
| | - Amit Pant
- School of Medicine Creighton University, Omaha, Neraska, USA.
| | - Shailendra S Gurav
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Goa College of Pharmacy, Panaji, Goa University, Goa 403001, India.
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49
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Wu D, Li Y, Zheng L, Xiao H, Ouyang L, Wang G, Sun Q. Small molecules targeting protein-protein interactions for cancer therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:4060-4088. [PMID: 37799384 PMCID: PMC10547922 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are fundamental to many biological processes that play an important role in the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases. Targeting the interaction between tumour-related proteins with emerging small molecule drugs has become an attractive approach for treatment of human diseases, especially tumours. Encouragingly, selective PPI-based therapeutic agents have been rapidly advancing over the past decade, providing promising perspectives for novel therapies for patients with cancer. In this review we comprehensively clarify the discovery and development of small molecule modulators of PPIs from multiple aspects, focusing on PPIs in disease, drug design and discovery strategies, structure-activity relationships, inherent dilemmas, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defa Wu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lang Zheng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Huan Xiao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liang Ouyang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guan Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiu Sun
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- West China Medical Publishers, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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50
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Yang T, Shi X, Li S, Zhao Z, Wang J, Yu P, Li H, Wang R, Chen Z. Targeting DHODH reveals therapeutic opportunities in ATRA-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115314. [PMID: 37579695 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Although all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced differentiation has transformed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) from the most fatal to the most curable hematological disease, resistance to ATRA in high-risk APL patients remains a clinical challenge. In this paper, we discovered that dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibition overcame ATRA resistance. 416, a potent DHODH inhibitor previously obtained in our group, inhibited the occurrence of APL in cells and model mice. Excitingly, 416 effectively overcame ATRA resistance in vitro and in vivo by inducing apoptosis and differentiation. Further mechanistic studies showed that PML/RARα lost the regulation of Bcl-2 and c-Myc in NB4-R1 cells, which probably contributed to ATRA resistance. Notably, 416 maintained its Bcl-2 and c-Myc down-regulation effect in NB4-R1 cells and overcome ATRA resistance by inhibiting DHODH. In conclusion, our study highlights the potential of 416 for APL therapy and overcoming ATRA resistance, supporting the further development of DHODH inhibitors for clinical use in refractory and relapsed APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyuan Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiayu Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shiliang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhenjiang Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Panpan Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Honglin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Innovation Center for AI and Drug Discovery, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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