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Lo YC, Chan TF, Jeon S, Maskarinec G, Taparra K, Nakatsuka N, Yu M, Chen CY, Lin YF, Wilkens LR, Le Marchand L, Haiman CA, Chiang CWK. The accuracy of polygenic score models for anthropometric traits and Type II Diabetes in the Native Hawaiian Population. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.12.25.23300499. [PMID: 38234828 PMCID: PMC10793530 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.25.23300499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Polygenic scores (PGS) are promising in stratifying individuals based on the genetic susceptibility to complex diseases or traits. However, the accuracy of PGS models, typically trained in European- or East Asian-ancestry populations, tend to perform poorly in other ethnic minority populations, and their accuracies have not been evaluated for Native Hawaiians. Using body mass index, height, and type-2 diabetes as examples of highly polygenic traits, we evaluated the prediction accuracies of PGS models in a large Native Hawaiian sample from the Multiethnic Cohort with up to 5,300 individuals. We evaluated both publicly available PGS models or genome-wide PGS models trained in this study using the largest available GWAS. We found evidence of lowered prediction accuracies for the PGS models in some cases, particularly for height. We also found that using the Native Hawaiian samples as an optimization cohort during training did not consistently improve PGS performance. Moreover, even the best performing PGS models among Native Hawaiians would have lowered prediction accuracy among the subset of individuals most enriched with Polynesian ancestry. Our findings indicate that factors such as admixture histories, sample size and diversity in GWAS can influence PGS performance for complex traits among Native Hawaiian samples. This study provides an initial survey of PGS performance among Native Hawaiians and exposes the current gaps and challenges associated with improving polygenic prediction models for underrepresented minority populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chu Lo
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tsz Fung Chan
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Soyoung Jeon
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gertraud Maskarinec
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i, Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Kekoa Taparra
- Standard Health Care, Department of Radiation Oncology, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Mingrui Yu
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Chen
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yen-Feng Lin
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health & Medical Humanities, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i, Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i, Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Charleston W K Chiang
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Native Hawaiian wellbeing and transdiagnostic trauma symptoms: The protective role of physical activity in dissociation. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF TRAUMA & DISSOCIATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejtd.2022.100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Wang ML, Narcisse MR, Alatorre S, Kozak AT, McElfish PA. Neighborhood social cohesion and physical activity and obesity outcomes among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander individuals. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2022; 30:249-256. [PMID: 34910366 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) individuals report high obesity rates and low physical activity (PA) levels. This study examined associations between neighborhood social cohesion, obesity, and PA among NHPI adults. METHODS Cross-sectional data from the 2014 NHPI National Health Interview Survey were analyzed. Social cohesion was assessed using a summative scale and categorized as low, medium, and high. PA was measured via self-report and categorized as insufficiently active (0-149 min/wk) or sufficiently active (150+ min/wk). Obesity status was based on self-reported height and weight measures converted into standard BMI categories. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated odds of obesity and sufficient PA associated with social cohesion level. RESULTS The study sample included n = 2,590 NHPI adults. Compared with those in low social cohesion neighborhoods, participants in high social cohesion neighborhoods had increased sufficient PA odds (odds ratio [OR] = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.19-2.12; p = 0.003) and decreased obesity odds (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.40-0.83; p = 0.005). No associations were observed between social cohesion and obesity and PA outcomes comparing individuals in medium versus low social cohesion neighborhoods. CONCLUSIONS High social cohesion was associated with reduced obesity odds and increased sufficient PA odds. Findings highlight the importance of enhancing social connectivity as a potential strategy to promote PA and healthy weight among NHPI individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica L Wang
- School of Public Health, Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Boston University Center for Antiracist Research, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marie-Rachelle Narcisse
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Selenne Alatorre
- School of Public Health, Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrea T Kozak
- Department of Psychology, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Pearl A McElfish
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
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Chiang CWK. The Opportunities and Challenges of Integrating Population Histories Into Genetic Studies for Diverse Populations: A Motivating Example From Native Hawaiians. Front Genet 2021; 12:643883. [PMID: 34646295 PMCID: PMC8503554 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.643883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a well-recognized need to include diverse populations in genetic studies, but several obstacles continue to be prohibitive, including (but are not limited to) the difficulty of recruiting individuals from diverse populations in large numbers and the lack of representation in available genomic references. These obstacles notwithstanding, studying multiple diverse populations would provide informative, population-specific insights. Using Native Hawaiians as an example of an understudied population with a unique evolutionary history, I will argue that by developing key genomic resources and integrating evolutionary thinking into genetic epidemiology, we will have the opportunity to efficiently advance our knowledge of the genetic risk factors, ameliorate health disparity, and improve healthcare in this underserved population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charleston W K Chiang
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Kwon S, Wan N, Burns RD, Brusseau TA, Kim Y, Kumar S, Ertin E, Wetter DW, Lam CY, Wen M, Byun W. The Validity of MotionSense HRV in Estimating Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity under Free-Living and Simulated Activity Settings. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21041411. [PMID: 33670507 PMCID: PMC7922785 DOI: 10.3390/s21041411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MotionSense HRV is a wrist-worn accelerometery-based sensor that is paired with a smartphone and is thus capable of measuring the intensity, duration, and frequency of physical activity (PA). However, little information is available on the validity of the MotionSense HRV. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the concurrent validity of the MotionSense HRV in estimating sedentary behavior (SED) and PA. A total of 20 healthy adults (age: 32.5 ± 15.1 years) wore the MotionSense HRV and ActiGraph GT9X accelerometer (GT9X) on their non-dominant wrist for seven consecutive days during free-living conditions. Raw acceleration data from the devices were summarized into average time (min/day) spent in SED and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Additionally, using the Cosemed K5 indirect calorimetry system (K5) as a criterion measure, the validity of the MotionSense HRV was examined in simulated free-living conditions. Pearson correlations, mean absolute percent errors (MAPE), Bland–Altman (BA) plots, and equivalence tests were used to examine the validity of the MotionSense HRV against criterion measures. The correlations between the MotionSense HRV and GT9X were high and the MAPE were low for both the SED (r = 0.99, MAPE = 2.4%) and MVPA (r = 0.97, MAPE = 9.1%) estimates under free-living conditions. BA plots illustrated that there was no systematic bias between the MotionSense HRV and criterion measures. The estimates of SED and MVPA from the MotionSense HRV were significantly equivalent to those from the GT9X; the equivalence zones were set at 16.5% for SED and 29% for MVPA. The estimates of SED and PA from the MotionSense HRV were less comparable when compared with those from the K5. The MotionSense HRV yielded comparable estimates for SED and PA when compared with the GT9X accelerometer under free-living conditions. We confirmed the promising application of the MotionSense HRV for monitoring PA patterns for practical and research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunku Kwon
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (S.K.); (R.D.B.); (T.A.B.)
| | - Neng Wan
- Department of Geography, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;
| | - Ryan D. Burns
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (S.K.); (R.D.B.); (T.A.B.)
| | - Timothy A. Brusseau
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (S.K.); (R.D.B.); (T.A.B.)
| | - Youngwon Kim
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong;
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Computer Science, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA;
| | - Emre Ertin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - David W. Wetter
- Department of Population Health Sciences and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (D.W.W.); (C.Y.L.)
| | - Cho Y. Lam
- Department of Population Health Sciences and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (D.W.W.); (C.Y.L.)
| | - Ming Wen
- Department of Sociology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;
| | - Wonwoo Byun
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (S.K.); (R.D.B.); (T.A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-801-585-1119
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Sun H, Lin M, Russell EM, Minster RL, Chan TF, Dinh BL, Naseri T, Reupena MS, Lum-Jones A, Cheng I, Wilkens LR, Le Marchand L, Haiman CA, Chiang CWK. The impact of global and local Polynesian genetic ancestry on complex traits in Native Hawaiians. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009273. [PMID: 33571193 PMCID: PMC7877570 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies of obesity, Type-2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular diseases and several common cancers have revealed an increased risk in Native Hawaiians compared to European- or Asian-Americans living in the Hawaiian islands. However, there remains a gap in our understanding of the genetic factors that affect the health of Native Hawaiians. To fill this gap, we studied the genetic risk factors at both the chromosomal and sub-chromosomal scales using genome-wide SNP array data on ~4,000 Native Hawaiians from the Multiethnic Cohort. We estimated the genomic proportion of Native Hawaiian ancestry ("global ancestry," which we presumed to be Polynesian in origin), as well as this ancestral component along each chromosome ("local ancestry") and tested their respective association with binary and quantitative cardiometabolic traits. After attempting to adjust for non-genetic covariates evaluated through questionnaires, we found that per 10% increase in global Polynesian genetic ancestry, there is a respective 8.6%, and 11.0% increase in the odds of being diabetic (P = 1.65×10-4) and having heart failure (P = 2.18×10-4), as well as a 0.059 s.d. increase in BMI (P = 1.04×10-10). When testing the association of local Polynesian ancestry with risk of disease or biomarkers, we identified a chr6 region associated with T2D. This association was driven by an uniquely prevalent variant in Polynesian ancestry individuals. However, we could not replicate this finding in an independent Polynesian cohort from Samoa due to the small sample size of the replication cohort. In conclusion, we showed that Polynesian ancestry, which likely capture both genetic and lifestyle risk factors, is associated with an increased risk of obesity, Type-2 diabetes, and heart failure, and that larger cohorts of Polynesian ancestry individuals will be needed to replicate the putative association on chr6 with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Sun
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Meng Lin
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Emily M. Russell
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ryan L. Minster
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Tsz Fung Chan
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Bryan L. Dinh
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Take Naseri
- Ministry of Health, Government of Samoa, Apia, Samoa
| | | | - Annette Lum-Jones
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center, University of Hawai‘i, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | | | - Iona Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center, University of Hawai‘i, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center, University of Hawai‘i, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Charleston W. K. Chiang
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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Sinclair KA, Zamora-Kapoor A, Townsend-Ing C, McElfish PA, Kaholokula JK. Implementation outcomes of a culturally adapted diabetes self-management education intervention for Native Hawaiians and Pacific islanders. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1579. [PMID: 33081736 PMCID: PMC7576821 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09690-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders (NHPIs) experience a disproportionate burden of type 2 diabetes and related complications. Although diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) interventions have generally yielded positive results, few NHPIs have been included in these studies, and even fewer studies have been evaluated using a randomized controlled trial design and/or implementation research methods. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate implementation outcomes of a culturally adapted diabetes self-management education intervention delivered by peer educators to Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders residing in Honolulu, Hawai'i. METHODS In three study sites, the peer educators and 48 participants randomized to the intervention were invited to participate in the mixed methods implementation research. We used a convergent parallel design to collect implementation data including fidelity, feasibility, acceptability, appropriateness, adoption, and sustainability. Data were collected from class observations, participants' class feedback, and post-intervention focus groups with participants and peer educators. RESULTS In 314 end-of-class feedback surveys, 97% of respondents expressed that they were satisfied or highly satisfied with the class content and activities, 98% reported that the classes and materials were very useful, 94% reported very applicable, and 93% reported materials were culturally appropriate. Respondents identified several aspects of the program as especially enjoyable: interactions with peer educators, meeting in groups, learning about other participants' experiences with diabetes, and the information presented in each class. Major themes that emerged from the end-of-intervention focus groups were the relevance of the educational materials, strategies to manage blood glucose, hands-on activities, cultural aspects of the program, including the stories and analogies used to convey information, and appreciation of the group format and peer educators. CONCLUSIONS Results from this research support a culturally tailored, peer educator approach to DSMES among NHPIs. Delivery of the Partners in Care program is feasible in health care and community settings and is a reimbursable DSMES program. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01093924 prospectively registered 01.20.09.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaʻimi A. Sinclair
- Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, College of Nursing, Washington State University, 1100 Olive Way, Suite 1200, Seattle, WA 98101 USA
| | - Anna Zamora-Kapoor
- Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, Washington State University, 1100 Olive Way, Suite 1200, Seattle, WA 98101 USA
| | - Claire Townsend-Ing
- Department of Native Hawaiian Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaiʻi, 677 Ala Moana Blvd, Suite 1016, Honolulu, Hawaiʻi 96813 USA
| | - Pearl A. McElfish
- University of Arkansas Medical Sciences, 1125 N. College Avenue, Fayetteville, AR 72703-1908 USA
| | - Joseph Keaweʻaimoku Kaholokula
- Department of Native Hawaiian Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaiʻi, 677 Ala Moana Blvd, Suite 1016, Honolulu, Hawaiʻi 96813 USA
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Burnette CE, Ka'apu K, Scarnato JM, Liddell J. Cardiovascular Health among U.S. Indigenous Peoples: A Holistic and Sex-Specific Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE-BASED SOCIAL WORK (2019) 2020; 17:24-48. [PMID: 32133411 PMCID: PMC7055486 DOI: 10.1080/26408066.2019.1617817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review is to examine mental, sociocultural, behavioral, and physical risk and protective factors related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and related outcomes among U.S. Indigenous peoples. METHODS A total of 51 articles met the inclusion criteria of research focusing factors for CVD among U.S. Indigenous peoples (Mental n= 15; Sociocultural, n =17; Behavioral/Physical, n =19). RESULTS This review reveals clear risks for CVD, which tended to be elevated for females. Mental health problems (depression, anxiety, PTSD/trauma, alcohol and other drug (AOD) abuse) were clearly associated with CVD, along with enculturation, social support, and the social environment-including discrimination and trauma. Poor diet and obesity, diabetes, hypertension, cholesterol were behavioral or physical factors. DISCUSSION Overall, identified research was limited and in beginning stages, lacking more information on etiology of the interconnections across sex and the mental, sociocultural, and behavioral determinants of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jessica Liddell
- City, Culture, & Community Doctoral Program, Tulane University
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Navarro P, Ramallo V, Cintas C, Ruderman A, de Azevedo S, Paschetta C, Pérez O, Pazos B, Delrieux C, González-José R. Body shape: Implications in the study of obesity and related traits. Am J Hum Biol 2019; 32:e23323. [PMID: 31506993 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The diagnosis and treatment of obesity are usually based on traditional anthropometric variables including weight, height, and several body perimeters. Here we present a three-dimensional (3D) image-based computational approach aimed to capture the distribution of abdominal adipose tissue as an aspect of shape rather than a relationship among classical anthropometric measures. METHODS A morphometric approach based on landmarks and semilandmarks placed upon the 3D torso surface was performed in order to quantify abdominal adiposity shape variation and its relation to classical indices. Specifically, we analyzed sets of body cross-sectional circumferences, collectively defining each, along with anthropometric data taken on 112 volunteers. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed on 250 circumferences located along the abdominal region of each volunteer. An analysis of covariance model was used to compare shape variables (PCs) against anthropometric data (weight, height, and waist and hip circumferences). RESULTS The observed shape patterns were mainly related to nutritional status, followed by sexual dimorphism. PC1 (12.5%) and PC2 (7.5%) represented 20% of the total variation. In PCAs calculated independently by sex, linear regression analyses provide statistically significant associations between PC1 and the three classical indexes: body mass index, waist-to-height ratio, and waist-hip ratio. CONCLUSION Shape indicators predict well the behavior of classical markers, but also evaluate 3D and geometric features with more accuracy as related to the body shape under study. This approach also facilitates diagnosis and follow-up of therapies by using accessible 3D technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Navarro
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas (IPCSH), Centro Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT - CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Argentina.,Departamento de Informática (DIT), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Trelew, Chubut, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Ciencias de las Imágenes, Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y Computadoras, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahia Blanca, Argentina
| | - Virginia Ramallo
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas (IPCSH), Centro Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT - CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | | | - Anahí Ruderman
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas (IPCSH), Centro Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT - CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - Soledad de Azevedo
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas (IPCSH), Centro Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT - CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - Carolina Paschetta
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas (IPCSH), Centro Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT - CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - Orlando Pérez
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas (IPCSH), Centro Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT - CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - Bruno Pazos
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas (IPCSH), Centro Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT - CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Argentina.,Departamento de Informática (DIT), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Trelew, Chubut, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Ciencias de las Imágenes, Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y Computadoras, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahia Blanca, Argentina
| | - Claudio Delrieux
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de las Imágenes, Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y Computadoras, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahia Blanca, Argentina
| | - Rolando González-José
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas (IPCSH), Centro Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT - CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Argentina
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Dela Cruz R, Grant J, Heck JE, Cash HL. Disparities in Adverse Perinatal Outcomes Among Pacific Islanders in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Prev Chronic Dis 2018. [PMID: 29522702 PMCID: PMC5858154 DOI: 10.5888/pcd15.170385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although other studies have found evidence for perinatal health disparities among Pacific Islanders in other regions, no studies have evaluated racial/ethnic disparities in adverse perinatal health outcomes in the small US island territory of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). Methods We used retrospective cohort data on 8,427 singleton births from 2007 to 2014 at the Commonwealth Healthcare Corporation (CHCC), the only hospital in the CNMI. We used multivariate logistic regression to estimate risk for preterm birth (<37 weeks) and macrosomia (>4,000 g) among the racial/ethnic groups in the CNMI. Results Indigenous CNMI mothers (Chamorros and Carolinians, hereinafter Chamorro/Carolinian) and other Pacific Islander mothers were significantly more likely to have a preterm birth than Chinese mothers (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.0–3.6 for Chamorro/Carolinians and AOR = 2.9; 95% CI, 2.1–4.1 for other Pacific Islanders). Additionally, Chamorro/Carolinian mothers and other Pacific Islander mothers were also significantly more likely to deliver babies with macrosomia (AOR = 2.4; 95% CI, 1.7–3.5 and 2.3; 95% CI 1.4–3.6 respectively) than Filipino mothers. Conclusion Although underlying causes for these disparities are still unknown, these findings add to the limited knowledge on maternal and neonatal health among Pacific Islanders and provide support for further research and intervention development to aid in reducing racial/ethnic disparities of perinatal health in the CNMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rica Dela Cruz
- Commonwealth Healthcare Corporation, 1 Lower Navy Hill Rd, Saipan, MP 96950. .,Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jeanolivia Grant
- Commonwealth Healthcare Corporation, Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands
| | - Julia E Heck
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California
| | - Haley L Cash
- Regional Epidemiology Unit, Pacific Island Health Officers' Association, Honolulu, Hawaii
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Ju AC, Heyman MB, Garber AK, Wojcicki JM. Maternal Obesity and Risk of Preterm Birth and Low Birthweight in Hawaii PRAMS, 2000–2011. Matern Child Health J 2018; 22:893-902. [DOI: 10.1007/s10995-018-2464-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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12
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Lorenzoni G, Rtskhladze IL, Azzolina D, Manza E, Soriani N, Gregori D. How different is the country of Georgia in developing obesity? An international comparison from the OBEY-AD database. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2017. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-17154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lorenzoni
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | | | - Danila Azzolina
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Emiliano Manza
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Soriani
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Dario Gregori
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
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Nakagawa K, Lim E, Harvey S, Miyamura J, Juarez DT. Racial/Ethnic Disparities in the Association Between Preeclampsia Risk Factors and Preeclampsia Among Women Residing in Hawaii. Matern Child Health J 2017; 20:1814-24. [PMID: 27000850 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-016-1984-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective To assess differences in the rates of preeclampsia among a multiethnic population in Hawaii. Methods We performed a retrospective study on statewide inpatient data for delivery hospitalizations in Hawaii between January 1995 and December 2013. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the impact of maternal race/ethnicity on the rates of preeclampsia after adjusting for age, multiple gestation, multiparity, chronic hypertension, pregestational diabetes, obesity and smoking. Results A total of 271,569 hospital discharges for delivery were studied. The rates of preeclampsia ranged from 2.0 % for Chinese to 4.6 % for Filipinos. Preeclampsia rates were higher among Native Hawaiians who are age <35 and non-obese (OR 1.54; 95 % CI 1.43-1.66), age ≥35 and non-obese (OR 2.31; 95 % CI 2.00-2.68), age ≥35 and obese (OR 1.80; 95 % CI 1.24-2.60); other Pacific Islanders who are age <35 and non-obese (OR 1.40; 95 % CI 1.27-1.54), age ≥35 and non-obese (OR 2.18; 95 % CI 1.79-2.64), age ≥35 and obese (OR 1.68; 95 % CI 1.14-2.49); and Filipinos who are age <35 and non-obese (OR 1.55; 95 % CI 1.43-1.67), age ≥35 and non-obese (OR 2.26; 95 % CI 1.97-2.60), age ≥35 and obese (OR 1.64; 95 % CI 1.04-2.59) compared to whites. Pregestational diabetes (OR 3.41; 95 % CI 3.02-3.85), chronic hypertension (OR 5.98; 95 % CI 4.98-7.18), and smoking (OR 1.19; 95 % CI 1.07-1.33) were also independently associated with preeclampsia. Conclusions for Practice In Hawaii, Native Hawaiians, other Pacific Islanders and Filipinos have a higher risk of preeclampsia compared to whites. For these high-risk ethnic groups, more frequent monitoring for preeclampsia may be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Nakagawa
- The Queen's Medical Center, 1301 Punchbowl Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA. .,Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA.
| | - Eunjung Lim
- Office of Biostatistics and Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Scott Harvey
- The Queen's Medical Center, 1301 Punchbowl Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Jill Miyamura
- Hawaii Health Information Corporation, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Deborah T Juarez
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii, Hilo, HI, USA
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Abstract
Racial/ethnic minorities experience a disproportionate risk of both suboptimal sleep and obesity, and the relationship between sleep and obesity may differ by race/ethnicity for modifiable and non-modifiable reasons. Because many people of color have historically lived and continue to largely live in disadvantaged, obesogenic physical and social environments, these greater adverse exposures likely negatively affect sleep, resulting in physiological dysregulation. Physiological dysregulation may, in turn, lead to increased obesity risk and subsequent health consequences, which are likely more influential than potential genetic differences in race, a social construct. The purpose of this article is to describe potential environmental, genetic, and epigenetic determinants of racial/ethnic differences in the sleep-obesity relationship and to review current epidemiological findings regarding either racial/ethnic minority specific estimates of the association or disparities in the relationship. Using the socioecological framework as a conceptual model, I describe sleep and obesity as socially patterned and embedded in modifiable physical and social contexts with common causes that are influenced by upstream social conditions. I also provide examples of sleep and obesity-related studies that correspond with the downstream, intermediate, and upstream factors that likely contribute to commonly observed racial/ethnic disparities in the sleep-obesity relationship. The review concludes with broad recommendations for (1) advancing research methodology for epidemiological studies of disparities in the link between sleep and obesity, (2) future research topics, as well as (3) several broad policies and structures needed to address racial/ethnic disparities in sleep health and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra L Jackson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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15
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Hafoka SF. Assessing the active living environment in three rural towns with a high proportion of Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders. Health Promot Perspect 2017; 7:134-139. [PMID: 28695101 PMCID: PMC5497364 DOI: 10.15171/hpp.2017.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Existing literature on the built environment and physical activity in rural areas is very limited. Studies have shown that residents in rural areas are less likely to meet physical activity requirements than their counterparts living in urban and suburban areas. They are also less likely to have access to amenities and programs that promote physical activity. This study seeks to fill gaps in the literature by assessing the built environment in three rural towns in Hawai'i that have a high proportion of Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders. Methods: The Rural Active Living Assessment (RALA) tools will be used to assess the built environment. The RALA has three components - Policy and Program Assessment (PPA), Town Wide Assessment (TWA), and Street Segment Assessment (SSA) which will be used to provide a comprehensive assessment of the active living environment. Assessments were completed in September and October 2016. Results: One assessment was completed in each town for the TWA and PPA. The SSA was completed with 60 segments (20 from each town). Conclusion: The RALA tools identified supports in these three rural towns. The assessment also identified barriers and gaps - especially with the town and school polices of each town.
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16
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Bacong AM, Holub C, Porotesano L. Comparing Obesity-Related Health Disparities among Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders, Asians, and Whites in California: Reinforcing the Need for Data Disaggregation and Operationalization. HAWAI'I JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & PUBLIC HEALTH : A JOURNAL OF ASIA PACIFIC MEDICINE & PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 75:337-344. [PMID: 27920944 PMCID: PMC5125359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Since the 2000 Census, Asians and Pacific Islanders have been categorized as separate races. Government initiatives have called for greater study of Asian, Native Hawaiian, and other Pacific Islander (NHPI) health outcomes. NHPI often have worse health outcomes than Asians and Whites. Despite this, the lack of operationalization of racial definitions may affect the magnitude of health disparities. This analysis examined how utilizing different sociological race definitions could influence NHPI health outcomes when compared to Asians and Whites. Utilizing data from the 2009 California Health Interview Survey, NHPI had significantly higher age adjusted obesity prevalence than Whites under the UCLA Center for Health Policy Research (CHPR) (OR = 1.72, P = .03) and Self-Report (OR = 1.57, P = .01) definitions, but not the Census definition (OR = 1.42, P = .11). NHPI had significantly higher age adjusted obesity prevalence than Asians under all definitions (Census OR = 4.05, P < .01; CHPR OR = 4.81, P < .01; Self-Report OR = 4.46, P < .01). NHPI had significantly higher age adjusted diabetes/pre-diabetes prevalence than Whites across all definitions (Census OR = 3.27, P < .01, CHPR OR = 3.03, P < .01, Self-Report OR = 1.99, P = .01) but only the Census (OR = 2.12, P = .01) and CHPR (OR = 1.86, P = .04) when NHPI were compared to Asians. Overall, race definition changed the identification of health disparities. Future studies should operationalize racial definitions, as health disparities are masked post-hoc when utilizing different race definitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Matias Bacong
- San Diego State University Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego, CA (all)
| | - Christina Holub
- San Diego State University Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego, CA (all)
| | - Liki Porotesano
- San Diego State University Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego, CA (all)
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Abstract
Previous reports have suggested a high prevalence of overweight and obesity among individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Few studies, however, systematically analyze the relationship between PTSD and body mass index (BMI). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at estimating the association between PTSD and BMI. Fifty-four articles were reviewed, 30 of which (with 191,948 individuals with PTSD and 418,690 trauma-exposed individuals or healthy controls) were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The pooled standard mean difference, based on a random-effects model, was 0.41 (95% confidence interval, 0.28-0.54; z = 6.26; p < .001). Statistical heterogeneity between the included studies was high (p < .001; I = 99%). Despite limitations, the findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest an association between PTSD and BMI. Furthermore, longitudinal studies tentatively indicate that PTSD may lead to an increase in BMI and, as such, to the development of overweight/obesity, particularly in women. Further prospective studies and research elaborating the nature and etiology of the association are required.
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18
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Yamasato K, Yoshino K, Chang AL, Caughey AB, Tsai PJ. Cesarean delivery complications in women with morbid obesity. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016; 29:3885-8. [DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2016.1151869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Yamasato
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA,
| | - Kurt Yoshino
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA,
| | - Ann L. Chang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA,
| | - Aaron B. Caughey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA, and
| | - Pai-Jong Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Harmon BE, Boushey CJ, Shvetsov YB, Ettienne R, Reedy J, Wilkens LR, Le Marchand L, Henderson BE, Kolonel LN. Associations of key diet-quality indexes with mortality in the Multiethnic Cohort: the Dietary Patterns Methods Project. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 101:587-97. [PMID: 25733644 PMCID: PMC4340063 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.090688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy dietary patterns have been linked positively with health and longevity. However, prospective studies in diverse populations in the United States addressing dietary patterns and mortality are limited. OBJECTIVE We assessed the ability of the following 4 diet-quality indexes [the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010), the Alternative HEI-2010 (AHEI-2010), the alternate Mediterranean diet score (aMED), and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)] to predict the reduction in risk of mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer. DESIGN White, African American, Native Hawaiian, Japanese American, and Latino adults (n = 215,782) from the Multiethnic Cohort completed a quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Scores for each dietary index were computed and divided into quintiles for men and women. Mortality was documented over 13-18 y of follow-up. HRs and 95% CIs were computed by using adjusted Cox models. RESULTS High HEI-2010, AHEI-2010, aMED, and DASH scores were all inversely associated with risk of mortality from all causes, CVD, and cancer in both men and women (P-trend < 0.0001 for all models). For men, the HEI-2010 was consistently associated with a reduction in risk of mortality for all causes (HR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.71, 0.79), CVD (HR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.81), and cancer (HR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.83) when lowest and highest quintiles were compared. In women, the AHEI and aMED showed large reductions for all-cause mortality (HR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.74, 0.82), the AHEI showed large reductions for CVD (HR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.83), and the aMED showed large reductions for cancer (HR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.76, 0. 92). CONCLUSION These results, in a US multiethnic population, suggest that consuming a dietary pattern that achieves a high diet-quality index score is associated with lower risk of mortality from all causes, CVD, and cancer in adult men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brook E Harmon
- From the Departmental and Institutional Affiliations, Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI (BE Harmon, CJB, YBS, RE, LRW, LLM, and LNK); the Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (JR); and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (BE Henderson)
| | - Carol J Boushey
- From the Departmental and Institutional Affiliations, Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI (BE Harmon, CJB, YBS, RE, LRW, LLM, and LNK); the Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (JR); and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (BE Henderson)
| | - Yurii B Shvetsov
- From the Departmental and Institutional Affiliations, Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI (BE Harmon, CJB, YBS, RE, LRW, LLM, and LNK); the Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (JR); and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (BE Henderson)
| | - Reynolette Ettienne
- From the Departmental and Institutional Affiliations, Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI (BE Harmon, CJB, YBS, RE, LRW, LLM, and LNK); the Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (JR); and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (BE Henderson)
| | - Jill Reedy
- From the Departmental and Institutional Affiliations, Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI (BE Harmon, CJB, YBS, RE, LRW, LLM, and LNK); the Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (JR); and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (BE Henderson)
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- From the Departmental and Institutional Affiliations, Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI (BE Harmon, CJB, YBS, RE, LRW, LLM, and LNK); the Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (JR); and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (BE Henderson)
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- From the Departmental and Institutional Affiliations, Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI (BE Harmon, CJB, YBS, RE, LRW, LLM, and LNK); the Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (JR); and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (BE Henderson)
| | - Brian E Henderson
- From the Departmental and Institutional Affiliations, Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI (BE Harmon, CJB, YBS, RE, LRW, LLM, and LNK); the Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (JR); and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (BE Henderson)
| | - Laurence N Kolonel
- From the Departmental and Institutional Affiliations, Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI (BE Harmon, CJB, YBS, RE, LRW, LLM, and LNK); the Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (JR); and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (BE Henderson)
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Brook JS, Lee JY, Finch SJ, Balka EB, Brook DW. Physical factors, personal characteristics, and substance use: associations with obesity. Subst Abus 2014; 34:273-6. [PMID: 23844958 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2013.770425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because obesity has become a major public health problem, attention to a range of its predictors is needed. This study examined the association of physical factors, personal characteristics, and substance use with obesity in a sample (N = 815) of African American and Puerto Rican young adults with a mean age of 32. METHODS Body mass index (BMI) was calculated to assess obesity. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS Bivariate analyses showed that protective factors such as physical activity (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = .82, 95% confidence interval [CI] = .74-.91), healthy diet (AOR = .96, 95% CI = .93-.99), self-control (AOR = .93, 95% CI = .87-.98), and life satisfaction (AOR = .97, 95% CI = .95-.99) were associated with a reduced probability of being obese. Marijuana use was also associated with a decreased probability of obesity (AOR = .89, 95% CI = .80-.99), but was not considered a protective factor. Risk factors such as short sleep duration (AOR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.24-2.33) and depressive mood (AOR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.01-1.09) were associated with an increased probability of being obese. CONCLUSIONS For African Americans and Puerto Ricans, programs to treat obesity should focus on increasing sleep, physical activity, and life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith S Brook
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Wada RK, Glaser DW, Bantum EO, Orimoto T, Steffen AD, Elia JL, Albright CL. Hawai'i's multiethnic adolescent and young adult survivors of childhood cancer: are their health behavior risks similar to state and national samples? HAWAI'I JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & PUBLIC HEALTH : A JOURNAL OF ASIA PACIFIC MEDICINE & PUBLIC HEALTH 2013; 72:380-385. [PMID: 24251083 PMCID: PMC3831565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Due to toxicities associated with their malignancies and treatments, adolescent and young adult survivors of childhood cancer (AYASCC) are at high risk for developing chronic diseases. This can be compounded by a greater prevalence of unhealthy behaviors relative to similarly aged non-cancer peers. Disparities in health behaviors have been noted for Black and Hispanic AYASCC, but data on Asian American (AA) or Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander (NHOPI) minorities are lacking. The purpose of this study was to help bridge these information gaps by gathering data from Hawai'i AA and NHOPI AYSCC. Telephone surveys were used to collect health behavior data from survivors 13-24 years of age (N=64); 55% of the sample was female, 77% AA or NHOPI, 63% leukemia/lymphoma survivors, and 32% overweight/obese. These were compared to state/national survey data for similarly aged individuals (Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System data for 13-17 year olds, and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data for 18-24 year olds). While Hawai'i AYASCC had significantly lower rates of tobacco/alcohol use, a higher proportion did not eat five fruits/vegetables a day (96%) compared to state (83%) and national (78%) samples (P < .001). Although many met age-specific physical activity recommendations, 44% of <18 year olds and 29% of ≥18 year olds still failed to meet national guidelines. Low intake of fruits/vegetables and suboptimal levels of physical activity place these vulnerable, ethnic minority cancer survivors at higher risk for chronic disease. These findings underscore the need to assess and advise survivors about their diet and exercise habits as part of post-treatment care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randal K Wada
- University of Hawai'i at Manoa, School of Nursing and Dental Hygiene, Honolulu, HI (R.K.W., C.L.A.)
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Tucker CM, Butler A, Kaye LB, Nolan SEM, Flenar DJ, Marsiske M, Bragg M, Hoover E, Daly K. Impact of a Culturally Sensitive Health Self-Empowerment Workshop Series on Health Behaviors/Lifestyles, BMI, and Blood Pressure of Culturally Diverse Overweight/Obese Adults. Am J Lifestyle Med 2013; 8:122-132. [PMID: 24910589 DOI: 10.1177/1559827613503117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Examine the impact of the Health Self-Empowerment Theory-based, culturally sensitive Health Self-Empowerment (HSE) Workshop Series to Modify and Prevent Obesity on levels of health promoting (health-smart) behaviors, motivators of and barriers to these behaviors, health promoting lifestyle variables, and health status indicators (Body Mass Index [BMI] and blood pressure) among a culturally diverse sample of overweight/obese adults from mostly low income households. DESIGN 153 overweight/obese adults participated in an Immediate Treatment (IT) Group (n = 100) or a Waitlist Control (WC) Group (n = 53). RESULTS Post-intervention, the IT Group compared to the WC Group reported (a) significantly higher engagement in physical activity and healthy eating, (b) significantly less intake of calories, total fat, transfat, saturated fat, sugar, and added sugar, (c) significantly higher motivators for engaging in two of four specific health-smart behaviors, (d) significantly lower barriers to engaging in three of four specific health-smart behaviors, and (e) significantly lower BMI and systolic blood pressure. CONCLUSION The HSE Workshop Series may be an effective intervention for treating and preventing obesity among diverse low-income adults - individuals who often perceive/experience limited power over their health. Health care providers, particularly physicians, have important health empowerment roles in this intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashley Butler
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine,
| | - Lillian B Kaye
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida (now with the Psychological Group of Washington),
| | | | | | - Michael Marsiske
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida,
| | - Marie Bragg
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida (now with Department of Psychology, Yale University),
| | - Eddie Hoover
- Department of Surgery, State University of New York at Buffalo,
| | - Katherine Daly
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida (now with St. Mary's College of Maryland),
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