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Turchi L, Sakakini N, Saviane G, Polo B, Saurty-Seerunghen MS, Gabut M, Gouillou CA, Guerlais V, Pasquier C, Vignais ML, Almairac F, Chneiweiss H, Junier MP, Burel-Vandenbos F, Virolle T. CELF2 Sustains a Proliferating/OLIG2+ Glioblastoma Cell Phenotype via the Epigenetic Repression of SOX3. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5038. [PMID: 37894405 PMCID: PMC10605641 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBs) are incurable brain tumors. The persistence of aggressive stem-like tumor cells after cytotoxic treatments compromises therapeutic efficacy, leading to GBM recurrence. Forcing the GBM cells to irreversibly abandon their aggressive stem-like phenotype may offer an alternative to conventional cytotoxic treatments. Here, we show that the RNA binding protein CELF2 is strongly expressed in mitotic and OLIG2-positive GBM cells, while it is downregulated in differentiated and non-mitotic cells by miR-199a-3p, exemplifying GBM intra-tumor heterogeneity. Using patient-derived cells and human GBM samples, we demonstrate that CELF2 plays a key role in maintaining the proliferative/OLIG2 cell phenotype with clonal and tumorigenic properties. Indeed, we show that CELF2 deficiency in patient-derived GSCs drastically reduced tumor growth in the brains of nude mice. We further show that CELF2 promotes TRIM28 and G9a expression, which drive a H3K9me3 epigenetic profile responsible for the silencing of the SOX3 gene. Thus, CELF2, which is positively correlated with OLIG2 and Ki67 expression in human GBM samples, is inversely correlated with SOX3 and miR-199a-3p. Accordingly, the invalidation of SOX3 in CELF2-deficient patient-derived cells rescued proliferation and OLIG2 expression. Finally, patients expressing SOX3 above the median level of expression tend to have a longer life expectancy. CELF2 is therefore a crucial target for the malignant potential of GBM and warrants attention when developing novel anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Turchi
- CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Team INSERM “Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity and Functional Intra-tumor Heterogeneity”, Université Côte D’Azur, 06107 Nice, France; (L.T.); (N.S.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (F.A.); (F.B.-V.)
- DRCI, CHU de Nice, 06107 Nice, France
| | - Nathalie Sakakini
- CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Team INSERM “Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity and Functional Intra-tumor Heterogeneity”, Université Côte D’Azur, 06107 Nice, France; (L.T.); (N.S.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (F.A.); (F.B.-V.)
| | - Gaelle Saviane
- CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Team INSERM “Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity and Functional Intra-tumor Heterogeneity”, Université Côte D’Azur, 06107 Nice, France; (L.T.); (N.S.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (F.A.); (F.B.-V.)
| | - Béatrice Polo
- CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Team INSERM “Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity and Functional Intra-tumor Heterogeneity”, Université Côte D’Azur, 06107 Nice, France; (L.T.); (N.S.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (F.A.); (F.B.-V.)
| | - Mirca Saras Saurty-Seerunghen
- CNRS UMR8246, INSERM U1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Glial Plasticity and NeuroOncology, Sorbonne Université, 75252 Paris, France; (M.S.S.-S.); (H.C.); (M.-P.J.)
| | - Mathieu Gabut
- Stemness in Gliomas Laboratory, Cancer Initiation and Tumoral Cell Identity (CITI) Department, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France;
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon 1, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Vincent Guerlais
- CNRS, I3S, Université Côte d’Azur, 06560 Valbonne, France; (V.G.); (C.P.)
| | - Claude Pasquier
- CNRS, I3S, Université Côte d’Azur, 06560 Valbonne, France; (V.G.); (C.P.)
| | - Marie Luce Vignais
- CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, IGF, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France;
| | - Fabien Almairac
- CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Team INSERM “Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity and Functional Intra-tumor Heterogeneity”, Université Côte D’Azur, 06107 Nice, France; (L.T.); (N.S.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (F.A.); (F.B.-V.)
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Pasteur, CHU de Nice, 06107 Nice, France
| | - Hervé Chneiweiss
- CNRS UMR8246, INSERM U1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Glial Plasticity and NeuroOncology, Sorbonne Université, 75252 Paris, France; (M.S.S.-S.); (H.C.); (M.-P.J.)
| | - Marie-Pierre Junier
- CNRS UMR8246, INSERM U1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Team Glial Plasticity and NeuroOncology, Sorbonne Université, 75252 Paris, France; (M.S.S.-S.); (H.C.); (M.-P.J.)
| | - Fanny Burel-Vandenbos
- CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Team INSERM “Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity and Functional Intra-tumor Heterogeneity”, Université Côte D’Azur, 06107 Nice, France; (L.T.); (N.S.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (F.A.); (F.B.-V.)
- Service d’Anatomopathologie, Hôpital Pasteur, CHU de Nice, 06107 Nice, France
| | - Thierry Virolle
- CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Team INSERM “Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity and Functional Intra-tumor Heterogeneity”, Université Côte D’Azur, 06107 Nice, France; (L.T.); (N.S.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (F.A.); (F.B.-V.)
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2
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Li Z, Duan Y, Yan S, Zhang Y, Wu Y. The miR-302/367 cluster: Aging, inflammation, and cancer. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:752-766. [PMID: 37555645 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs that occupy a significant role in biological processes as important regulators of intracellular homeostasis. First, we will discuss the biological genesis and functions of the miR-302/367 cluster, including miR-302a, miR-302b, miR-302c, miR-302d, and miR-367, as well as their roles in physiologically healthy tissues. The second section of this study reviews the progress of the miR-302/367 cluster in the treatment of cancer, inflammation, and diseases associated with aging. This cluster's aberrant expression in cells and/or tissues exhibits similar or different effects in various diseases through molecular mechanisms such as proliferation, apoptosis, cycling, drug resistance, and invasion. This article also discusses the upstream and downstream regulatory networks of miR-302/367 clusters and their related mechanisms. Particularly because studies on the upstream regulatory molecules of miR-302/367 clusters, which include age-related macular degeneration, myocardial infarction, and cancer, have become more prevalent in recent years. MiR-302/367 cluster can be an important therapeutic target and the use of miRNAs in combination with other molecular markers may improve diagnostic or therapeutic capabilities, providing unique insights and a more dynamic view of various diseases. It is noted that miRNAs can be an important bio-diagnostic target and offer a promising method for illness diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Li
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yan Duan
- Department of Stomatology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Shaofu Yan
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yunxia Wu
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
- Department of Stomatology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
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3
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Dock4 Is Required for the Maintenance of Cochlear Hair Cells and Hearing Function. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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4
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Qin T, Yang J, Huang D, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Chen H, Xu G. DOCK4 stimulates MUC2 production through its effect on goblet cell differentiation. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6507-6519. [PMID: 33559155 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal mucosa is in continuous contact with milliard of microorganisms, thus intestinal epithelial barrier is a critical component in the arsenal of defense mechanisms required to prevent infection and inflammation. Mucin 2 (MUC2), which is produced by the goblet cells, forms the skeleton of the intestinal mucus and protects the intestinal tract from self-digestion and numerous microorganisms. Dedicator of cytokinesis 4 (DOCK4) is a member of the DOCK-B subfamily of the DOCK family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors. It is reported that DOCK4 plays a critical role in the repair of the barrier function of the intestinal epithelium after chemical damage. In this study, the role of DOCK4 in the goblet cell differentiation and MUC2 production is explored. Disordered intestinal epithelium and shortage of goblet cells were observed in DOCK4 gene knockout mice. Furthermore, DOCK4 deletion contributed to the low expression of MUC2 and the goblet cell differentiation/maturation factors including growth factor independent 1 (Gfi1) and SAM pointed domain epithelial-specific transcription factor (Spdef) in mouse ileums and colons. Overexpression of DOCK4 caused a marked increase in Gfi1, Spdef, and MUC2, while siRNA knockdown of endogenous DOCK4 significantly decreased Gfi1, Spdef, and MUC2 in HT-29 cells. In addition, MUC2, DOCK4, and the goblet cell differentiation/maturation factors mRNA levels were decreased in colorectal cancer samples compared with normal colons. A significant positive correlation was found between MUC2 and DOCK4. In conclusion, DOCK4 may serve as a critical regulator of goblet cell differentiation and MUC2 production in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfeng Qin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dayin Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanling Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Cell-Gene Therapy Translational Medicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Geyang Xu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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5
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Sun Z, Wang X, Wang J, Wang J, Liu X, Huang R, Chen C, Deng M, Wang H, Han F. Key radioresistance regulation models and marker genes identified by integrated transcriptome analysis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Med 2021; 10:7404-7417. [PMID: 34432380 PMCID: PMC8525106 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy that is endemic to China and Southeast Asia. Radiotherapy is the usual treatment, however, radioresistance remains a major reason for failure. This study aimed to find key radioresistance regulation models and marker genes of NPC and clarify the mechanism of NPC radioresistance by RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of the differences in gene expression profiles between radioresistant and radiosensitive NPC tissues. A total of 21 NPC biopsy specimens with different radiosensitivity were analyzed by RNA sequencing. Differentially expressed genes in RNA sequencing data were identified using R software. The differentially expressed gene data derived from RNA sequencing as well as prior knowledge in the form of pathway databases were integrated to find sub‐networks of related genes. The data of RNA sequencing with the GSE48501 data from the GEO database were combined to further search for more reliable genes associated with radioresistance of NPC. Survival analyses using the Kaplan–Meier method based on the expression of the genes were conducted to facilitate the understanding of the clinical significance of the differentially expressed genes. RT‐qPCR was performed to validate the expression levels of the differentially expressed genes. We identified 1182 differentially expressed genes between radioresistant and radiosensitive NPC tissue samples. Compared to the radiosensitive group, 22 genes were significantly upregulated and 1160 genes were downregulated in the radioresistant group. In addition, 10 major NPC radiation resistance network models were identified through integration analysis with known NPC radiation resistance‐associated genes and mechanisms. Furthermore, we identified three core genes, DOCK4, MCM9, and POPDC3 among 12 common downregulated genes in the two datasets, which were validated by RT‐qPCR. The findings of this study provide new clues for clarifying the mechanism of NPC radioresistance, and further experimental studies of these core genes are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyun Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Runda Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiling Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanyu Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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6
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Yeon M, Kim Y, Pathak D, Kwon E, Kim DY, Jeong MS, Jung HS, Jeoung D. The CAGE-MiR-181b-5p-S1PR1 Axis Regulates Anticancer Drug Resistance and Autophagy in Gastric Cancer Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:666387. [PMID: 34113619 PMCID: PMC8185229 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.666387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated gene (CAGE), a cancer/testis antigen, has been known to promote anticancer drug resistance. Since the underlying mechanisms of CAGE-promoted anticancer drug resistance are poorly understood, we established Anticancer drug-resistant gastric cancer cells (AGSR) to better elucidate possible mechanisms. AGSR showed an increased expression level of CAGE and autophagic flux compared with anticancer drug-sensitive parental gastric cancer cells (AGS cells). AGSR cells showed higher invasion potential, growth rate, tumor spheroid formation, and angiogenic potential than AGS cells. CAGE exerted effects on the response to anticancer drugs and autophagic flux. CAGE was shown to bind to Beclin1, a mediator of autophagy. Overexpression of CAGE increased autophagic flux and invasion potential but inhibited the cleavage of PARP in response to anticancer drugs in CAGE CRISPR–Cas9 cell lines. TargetScan analysis was utilized to predict the binding of miR-302b-5p to the promoter sequences of CAGE, and the results show that miR-302b-5p directly regulated CAGE expression as illustrated by luciferase activity. MiR-302b-5p regulated autophagic flux and the response to anticancer drugs. CAGE was shown to bind the promoter sequences of miR-302b-5p. The culture medium of AGSR cells increased CAGE expression and autophagic flux in AGS cells. ImmunoEM showed CAGE was present in the exosomes of AGSR cells; exosomes of AGSR cells and human recombinant CAGE protein increased CAGE expression, autophagic flux, and resistance to anticancer drugs in AGS cells. MicroRNA array revealed miR-181b-5p as a potential negative regulator of CAGE. MiR-181b-5p inhibitor increased the expression of CAGE and autophagic flux in addition to preventing anticancer drugs from cleaving poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in AGS cells. TargetScan analysis predicted sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (SIPR1) as a potential target for miR-181b-5p. CAGE showed binding to the promoter sequences of S1PR1. The downregulation or inhibition of S1PR1 led to decreased autophagic flux but enhanced the sensitivity to anticancer drugs in AGSR cells. This study presents a novel role of the CAGE–miR-181b-5p–S1PR1 axis in anticancer drug resistance and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjeong Yeon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Youngmi Kim
- Institute of New Frontier Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Deepak Pathak
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Eunju Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Dong Young Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Myeong Seon Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Dooil Jeoung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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7
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Zhu S, Hou S, Lu Y, Sheng W, Cui Z, Dong T, Feng H, Wan Q. USP36-Mediated Deubiquitination of DOCK4 Contributes to the Diabetic Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Injury via Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:638477. [PMID: 33968925 PMCID: PMC8102983 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.638477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease but the efficacy of current treatment remains unsatisfactory. The pathogenesis of DKD needs a more in-depth research. Ubiquitin specific proteases 36 (USP36), a member of deubiquitinating enzymes family, has aroused wide concerns for its role in deubiquitinating and stabilizing target proteins. Nevertheless, the role of USP36 in diabetes has never been reported yet. Herein, we identified an increased expression of USP36 both in vitro and in vivo in diabetic renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs), and its overexpression is related to the enhanced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Further investigation into the mechanisms proved that USP36 could directly bind to and mediate the deubiquitination of dedicator of cytokinesis 4 (DOCK4), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that could activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and induce EMT. Our study revealed a new mechanism that USP36 participates in the pathogenesis of DKD, and provided potential intervening targets accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwei Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shaoshuai Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Sheng
- Department of Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhengguo Cui
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tianyi Dong
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Hong Feng
- Department of Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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8
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The adaptive transition of glioblastoma stem cells and its implications on treatments. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:124. [PMID: 33753720 PMCID: PMC7985200 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00491-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most malignant tumor occurring in the human central nervous system with overall median survival time <14.6 months. Current treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy cannot reach an optimal remission since tumor resistance to therapy remains a challenge. Glioblastoma stem cells are considered to be responsible for tumor resistance in treating glioblastoma. Previous studies reported two subtypes, proneural and mesenchymal, of glioblastoma stem cells manifesting different sensitivity to radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Mesenchymal glioblastoma stem cells, as well as tumor cells generate from which, showed resistance to radiochemotherapies. Besides, two metabolic patterns, glutamine or glucose dependent, of mesenchymal glioblastoma stem cells also manifested different sensitivity to radiochemotherapies. Glutamine dependent mesenchymal glioblastoma stem cells are more sensitive to radiotherapy than glucose-dependent ones. Therefore, the transition between proneural and mesenchymal subtypes, or between glutamine-dependent and glucose-dependent, might lead to tumor resistance to radiochemotherapies. Moreover, neural stem cells were also hypothesized to participate in glioblastoma stem cells mediated tumor resistance to radiochemotherapies. In this review, we summarized the basic characteristics, adaptive transition and implications of glioblastoma stem cells in glioblastoma therapy.
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9
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Rezaei O, Honarmand K, Nateghinia S, Taheri M, Ghafouri-Fard S. miRNA signature in glioblastoma: Potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 117:104550. [PMID: 33010295 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are transcripts with sizes of about 22 nucleotides, which are produced through a multistep process in the nucleus and cytoplasm. These transcripts modulate the expression of their target genes through binding with certain target regions, particularly 3' suntranslated regions. They are involved in the pathogenesis of several kinds of cancers, such as glioblastoma. Several miRNAs, including miR-10b, miR-21, miR-17-92-cluster, and miR-93, have been up-regulated in glioblastoma cell lines and clinical samples. On the other hand, expression of miR-7, miR-29b, miR-32, miR-34, miR-181 family members, and a number of other miRNAs have been decreased in this type of cancer. In the current review, we explain the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma through providing a summary of studies that reported dysregulation of these epigenetic effectors in this kind of brain cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omidvar Rezaei
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kasra Honarmand
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Nateghinia
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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DOCK6 promotes chemo- and radioresistance of gastric cancer by modulating WNT/β-catenin signaling and cancer stem cell traits. Oncogene 2020; 39:5933-5949. [PMID: 32753649 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01390-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and prognosis after potentially curative gastrectomy remains poor. Administration of GC-targeting molecules in combination with adjuvant chemo- or radiotherapy following surgical resection has been proposed as a potentially effective treatment option. Here, we have identified DOCK6, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rac1 and CDC42, as an independent biomarker for GC prognosis. Clinical findings indicate the positive correlation of higher DOCK6 expression with tumor size, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion, and pathological stage. Furthermore, elevated DOCK6 expression was significantly associated with shorter cumulative survival in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Gene ontology analysis of three independent clinical GC cohorts revealed significant involvement of DOCK6-correlated genes in the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. Ectopic expression of DOCK6 promoted GC cancer stem cell (CSC) characteristics and chemo- or radioresistance concomitantly through Rac1 activation. Conversely, depletion of DOCK6 suppressed CSC phenotypes and progression of GC, further demonstrating the pivotal role of DOCK6 in GC progression. Our results demonstrate a novel mechanistic link between DOCK6, Rac1, and β-catenin in GCCSC for the first time, supporting the utility of DOCK6 as an independent marker of GC.
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11
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Almairac F, Turchi L, Sakakini N, Debruyne DN, Elkeurti S, Gjernes E, Polo B, Bianchini L, Fontaine D, Paquis P, Chneiweiss H, Junier MP, Verrando P, Burel-Vandenbos F, Virolle T. ERK-Mediated Loss of miR-199a-3p and Induction of EGR1 Act as a "Toggle Switch" of GBM Cell Dedifferentiation into NANOG- and OCT4-Positive Cells. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3236-3250. [PMID: 32366479 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is great interest in understanding how the cancer stem cell population may be maintained in solid tumors. Here, we show that tumor cells exhibiting stem-like properties and expression of pluripotency markers NANOG and OCT4 can arise from original differentiated tumor cells freshly isolated from human glioblastomas (GBM) and that have never known any serum culture conditions. Induction of EGR1 by EGFR/ERK signaling promoted cell conversion from a less aggressive, more differentiated cellular state to a self-renewing and strongly tumorigenic state, expressing NANOG and OCT4. Expression of these pluripotency markers occurred before the cells re-entered the cell cycle, demonstrating their capacity to change and dedifferentiate without any cell divisions. In differentiated GBM cells, ERK-mediated repression of miR-199a-3p induced EGR1 protein expression and triggered dedifferentiation. Overall, this signaling pathway constitutes an ERK-mediated "toggle switch" that promotes pluripotency marker expression and stem-like features in GBM cells. SIGNIFICANCE: This study defines an ERK-mediated molecular mechanism of dedifferentiation of GBM cells into a stem-like state, expressing markers of pluripotency.See related commentary by Koncar and Agnihotri, p. 3195.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Almairac
- Université Côte D'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, France.,Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Pasteur, CHU de Nice, France
| | - Laurent Turchi
- Université Côte D'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, France.,DRCI, CHU de Nice, France
| | - Nathalie Sakakini
- Université Côte D'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, France
| | | | - Sarah Elkeurti
- Université Côte D'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, France
| | - Elisabet Gjernes
- Université Côte D'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, France
| | - Beatrice Polo
- Université Côte D'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, France
| | - Laurence Bianchini
- Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), CNRS UMR7284, INSERM U1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Denys Fontaine
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Pasteur, CHU de Nice, France
| | - Philippe Paquis
- Université Côte D'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, France.,Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Pasteur, CHU de Nice, France
| | - Herve Chneiweiss
- CNRS UMR8246 Neuroscience Paris Seine - IBPS; Team Glial Plasticity; 7 quai Saint-Bernard, Paris, France.,Inserm U1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine - IBPS; Team Glial Plasticity; 7 quai Saint-Bernard, Paris, France.,Sorbonne University, Neuroscience Paris Seine - IBPS; Team Glial Plasticity; 7 quai Saint-Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Junier
- CNRS UMR8246 Neuroscience Paris Seine - IBPS; Team Glial Plasticity; 7 quai Saint-Bernard, Paris, France.,Inserm U1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine - IBPS; Team Glial Plasticity; 7 quai Saint-Bernard, Paris, France.,Sorbonne University, Neuroscience Paris Seine - IBPS; Team Glial Plasticity; 7 quai Saint-Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Verrando
- Université Côte D'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, France
| | - Fanny Burel-Vandenbos
- Université Côte D'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, France.,Service d'Anatomopathologie, Hôpital Pasteur, CHU de Nice, France
| | - Thierry Virolle
- Université Côte D'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, France.
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12
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Liu J, Wang Y, Ji P, Jin X. Application of the microRNA-302/367 cluster in cancer therapy. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:1065-1075. [PMID: 31957939 PMCID: PMC7156871 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As a novel class of noncoding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) can effectively silence their target genes at the posttranscriptional level. Various biological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and motility, are regulated by miRNAs. In different diseases and different stages of disease, miRNAs have various expression patterns, which makes them candidate prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. Abnormal miRNA expression has been detected in numerous neoplastic diseases in humans, which indicates the potential role of miRNAs in tumorigenesis. Previous studies have indicated that miRNAs are involved in nearly the entire process of tumor development. MicroRNA‐302a, miR‐302b, miR‐302c, miR‐302d, and miR‐367 are members of the miR‐302/367 cluster that plays various biological roles in diverse neoplastic diseases by targeting different genes. These miRNAs have been implicated in several unique characteristics of cancer, including the evasion of growth suppressors, the sustained activation of proliferative signaling, the evasion of cell death and senescence, and the regulation of angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. This review provides a critical overview of miR‐302/367 cluster dysregulation and the subsequent effects in cancer and highlights the vast potential of members of this cluster as therapeutic targets and novel biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Ji
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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13
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Yu DH, Huang JY, Liu XP, Ruan XL, Chen C, Hu WD, Li S. Effects of hub genes on the clinicopathological and prognostic features of lung adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:1203-1214. [PMID: 31966050 PMCID: PMC6956410 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a common malignancy; however, the majority of its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. In the present study, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was applied to construct gene co-expression networks for the GSE19804 dataset, in order to screen hub genes associated with the pathogenesis of LUAD. In addition, with the aid of the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery, Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, pathway enrichment analyses were performed on the genes in the selected module. Using the GSE40791 dataset and The Cancer Genome Atlas database, the hub genes were identified. It was discovered that the turquoise module was the most significant module associated with the tumor stage of LUAD. After performing functional enrichment analyses, it was indicated that the turquoise module was mainly enriched in signal transduction. Additionally, at the transcriptional and translational level, nine hub genes were identified and validated: Carbonic anhydrase 4 (CA4), platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM1), DnaJ member B4 (DNAJB4), advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER), GTPase, IMAP family member 6 (GIMAP6), chromosome 10 open reading frame 54 (C10orf54), dedicator of cytokinesis 4 (DOCK4), Golgi membrane protein 1 (GOLM1) and platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase 1b catalytic subunit 3 (PAFAH1B3). CA4, PECAM1, DNAJB4, AGER, GIMAP6, C10orf54 and DOCK4 were expressed at lower levels in the tumor samples, whereas GOLM1 and PAFAH1B3 were highly expressed in tumor samples. In addition, all hub genes were associated with prognosis. In conclusion, one module and nine genes were recognized to be associated with the tumor stage of LUAD. These findings may enhance the understanding of the progression and prognosis of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hu Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Yu Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Lan Ruan
- Department of Hematology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
- Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Dong Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
- Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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14
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Extracellular Vesicles Involvement in the Modulation of the Glioblastoma Environment. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:3961735. [PMID: 32411235 PMCID: PMC7204270 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3961735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most deadly primary brain tumour and is a paradigmatic example of heterogeneous cancer. Although expanding data propose the phenotypic plasticity exhibited by glioblastoma cells, as a critical feature involved in the tumour development and posttherapy recurrence, the central machinery responsible for their aggressiveness remains elusive. Despite decades of research, the complex biology of the glioblastoma is still unknown. Progress in genetic and epigenetic discoveries has improved diagnostic classification, prognostic information, and therapeutic planning. In the complex model of intercellular signalling, several studies have shown that extracellular vesicles have a key role in the intercellular communication among GBM cells and the tumour microenvironment modulation. The purpose of this review is to summarize the role of the EV-mediated intercellular crosstalk in the glioblastoma physiopathology.
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15
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Di Giorgio E, Paluvai H, Picco R, Brancolini C. Genetic Programs Driving Oncogenic Transformation: Lessons from in Vitro Models. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246283. [PMID: 31842516 PMCID: PMC6940909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer complexity relies on the intracellular pleiotropy of oncogenes/tumor suppressors and in the strong interplay between tumors and micro- and macro-environments. Here we followed a reductionist approach, by analyzing the transcriptional adaptations induced by three oncogenes (RAS, MYC, and HDAC4) in an isogenic transformation process. Common pathways, in place of common genes became dysregulated. From our analysis it emerges that, during the process of transformation, tumor cells cultured in vitro prime some signaling pathways suitable for coping with the blood supply restriction, metabolic adaptations, infiltration of immune cells, and for acquiring the morphological plasticity needed during the metastatic phase. Finally, we identified two signatures of genes commonly regulated by the three oncogenes that successfully predict the outcome of patients affected by different cancer types. These results emphasize that, in spite of the heterogeneous mutational burden among different cancers and even within the same tumor, some common hubs do exist. Their location, at the intersection of the various signaling pathways, makes a therapeutic approach exploitable.
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16
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Chong WC, Cain JE. Lessons learned from the developmental origins of childhood renal cancer. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 303:2561-2577. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.24315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wai Chin Chong
- Centre for Cancer ResearchHudson Institute of Medical Research Clayton Victoria Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Nursing and Health SciencesMonash University Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Jason E. Cain
- Centre for Cancer ResearchHudson Institute of Medical Research Clayton Victoria Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Nursing and Health SciencesMonash University Clayton Victoria Australia
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17
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Saurty-Seerunghen MS, Bellenger L, El-Habr EA, Delaunay V, Garnier D, Chneiweiss H, Antoniewski C, Morvan-Dubois G, Junier MP. Capture at the single cell level of metabolic modules distinguishing aggressive and indolent glioblastoma cells. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:155. [PMID: 31619292 PMCID: PMC6796454 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0819-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma cell ability to adapt their functioning to microenvironment changes is a source of the extensive intra-tumor heterogeneity characteristic of this devastating malignant brain tumor. A systemic view of the metabolic pathways underlying glioblastoma cell functioning states is lacking. We analyzed public single cell RNA-sequencing data from glioblastoma surgical resections, which offer the closest available view of tumor cell heterogeneity as encountered at the time of patients’ diagnosis. Unsupervised analyses revealed that information dispersed throughout the cell transcript repertoires encoded the identity of each tumor and masked information related to cell functioning states. Data reduction based on an experimentally-defined signature of transcription factors overcame this hurdle. It allowed cell grouping according to their tumorigenic potential, regardless of their tumor of origin. The approach relevance was validated using independent datasets of glioblastoma cell and tissue transcriptomes, patient-derived cell lines and orthotopic xenografts. Overexpression of genes coding for amino acid and lipid metabolism enzymes involved in anti-oxidative, energetic and cell membrane processes characterized cells with high tumorigenic potential. Modeling of their expression network highlighted the very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis pathway at the core of the network. Expression of its most downstream enzymatic component, ELOVL2, was associated with worsened patient survival, and required for cell tumorigenic properties in vivo. Our results demonstrate the power of signature-driven analyses of single cell transcriptomes to obtain an integrated view of metabolic pathways at play within the heterogeneous cell landscape of patient tumors.
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18
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Sundaravel S, Kuo WL, Jeong JJ, Choudhary GS, Gordon-Mitchell S, Liu H, Bhagat TD, McGraw KL, Gurbuxani S, List AF, Verma A, Wickrema A. Loss of Function of DOCK4 in Myelodysplastic Syndromes Stem Cells is Restored by Inhibitors of DOCK4 Signaling Networks. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:5638-5649. [PMID: 31308061 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-0924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with deletion of chromosome 7q/7 [-7/(del)7q MDS] is associated with worse outcomes and needs novel insights into pathogenesis. Reduced expression of signaling protein dedicator of cytokinesis 4 (DOCK4) in patients with -7/(del)7q MDS leads to a block in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) differentiation. Identification of targetable signaling networks downstream of DOCK4 will provide means to restore hematopoietic differentiation in MDS.Experimental Design: We utilized phosphoproteomics approaches to identify signaling proteins perturbed as a result of reduced expression of DOCK4 in human HSCs and tested their functional significance in primary model systems. RESULTS We demonstrate that reduced levels of DOCK4 lead to increased global tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins in primary human HSCs. LYN kinase and phosphatases INPP5D (SHIP1) and PTPN6 (SHP1) displayed greatest levels of tyrosine phosphorylation when DOCK4 expression levels were reduced using DOCK4-specific siRNA. Our data also found that increased phosphorylation of SHIP1 and SHP1 phosphatases were due to LYN kinase targeting these phosphatases as substrates. Increased migration and impediment of HSC differentiation were consequences of these signaling alterations. Pharmacologic inhibition of SHP1 reversed these functional aberrations in HSCs expressing low DOCK4 levels. In addition, differentiation block seen in DOCK4 haplo-insufficient [-7/(del)7q] MDS was rescued by inhibition of SHP1 phosphatase. CONCLUSIONS LYN kinase and phosphatases SHP1 and SHIP1 are perturbed when DOCK4 expression levels are low. Inhibition of SHP1 promotes erythroid differentiation in healthy HSCs and in -7/(del)7q MDS samples with low DOCK4 expression. Inhibitors of LYN, SHP1 and SHIP1 also abrogated increased migratory properties in HSCs expressing reduced levels of DOCK4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Sundaravel
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Wen-Liang Kuo
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jong Jin Jeong
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gaurav S Choudhary
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | | | - Hui Liu
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tushar D Bhagat
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | | | - Sandeep Gurbuxani
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Amit Verma
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Amittha Wickrema
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
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Zhu B, Xue F, Zhang C, Li G. Ginkgolide B promotes osteoblast differentiation via activation of canonical Wnt signalling and alleviates osteoporosis through a bone anabolic way. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:5782-5793. [PMID: 31225702 PMCID: PMC6653448 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis has become a worldwide problem as the population ages. Although many advances have been made in the treatment of osteoporosis in the past few years, the outcome are sometimes disturbing because of the adverse effects of these treatments. Further studies are still needed to identify novel alternate agents to improve the therapeutic effect. Ginkgolide B (GB), a derivative of Ginkgo biloba leaves, has numerous pharmacological effects, including anticancer and anti-inflammation activities. However, the effect of GB on the regulation of osteoblast activity and bone formation effect has not yet been investigated. In this study, we showed the in vitro and in vivo effects of GB on osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. We found that GB promotes osteoblast differentiation of Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) and MC3T3-E1 cells in vitro in a Wnt/β-catenin-dependent manner. In an in vivo study, we constructed a cranial defect model in rats and treated with GB. Histomorphometric and histological analyses confirmed that the usage of GB significantly promotes bone formation. Further study on ovariectomy (OVX) rats demonstrated that GB is capable of alleviating ovariectomy-induced bone loss by enhancing osteoblast activity. Our findings indicate that GB is a potential therapeutic agent of osteoporosis through an anabolic way in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangyi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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miR-302a inhibits human HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells proliferation and promotes apoptosis by targeting MAP3K2 and PBX3. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2032. [PMID: 30765768 PMCID: PMC6375964 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38435-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver cancer and has a poor prognosis. miR-302a is an important regulator of tumor occurrence and deterioration, while MAP3K2 and PBX3 genes are involved in cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. In this study, the expression of miR-302a and MAP3K2/PBX3 were evaluated by qPCR in liver cancer cell lines. Next, the target relationship between miR-302a and MAP3K2/PBX3 was verified using luciferase assays. Meanwhile, the expression correlation between miR-302a and target genes was analyzed in cancer tissue and para-cancerous tissue. In addition, an increased miR-302a level in HepG2 cells and SMMC-7721 cells were achieved through transfection with miR-302a mimics, and the effects on HepG2 cell and SMMC-7721 cell proliferation, apoptosis and MAPK pathways were determined using MTT, flow cytometry, qPCR and western blot assays. The results showed that liver cancer cell lines exhibited low miR-302a expression and MAP3K2 and PBX3 were confirmed to be the target genes of miR-302a. Meanwhile, the HE results showed that cells became enlarged with loose cytoplasm and formed balloon-like lesions in HCC specimens and we found a significant negative correlation between miR-302a and MAP3K2/PBX3 expression. In addition, treatment with miR-302a mimics inhibited HepG2 cells and SMMC-7721 cells proliferation and increased the apoptosis rate. Further research revealed that the MAPK key factors p-p38, p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK were significantly reduced in miR-302a transfected cells and MAP3K2/PBX3 silenced cells. Besides, MAP3K2 and PBX3 overexpression in miR-302a mimics-treated cells exerted the opposite effects. In conclusion, miR-302a inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis in human hepatoma cells by targeting MAP3K2 and PBX3.
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Changes in chromatin state reveal ARNT2 at a node of a tumorigenic transcription factor signature driving glioblastoma cell aggressiveness. Acta Neuropathol 2018; 135:267-283. [PMID: 29149419 PMCID: PMC5773658 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-017-1783-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although a growing body of evidence indicates that phenotypic plasticity exhibited by glioblastoma cells plays a central role in tumor development and post-therapy recurrence, the master drivers of their aggressiveness remain elusive. Here we mapped the changes in active (H3K4me3) and repressive (H3K27me3) histone modifications accompanying the repression of glioblastoma stem-like cells tumorigenicity. Genes with changing histone marks delineated a network of transcription factors related to cancerous behavior, stem state, and neural development, highlighting a previously unsuspected association between repression of ARNT2 and loss of cell tumorigenicity. Immunohistochemistry confirmed ARNT2 expression in cell sub-populations within proliferative zones of patients’ glioblastoma. Decreased ARNT2 expression was consistently observed in non-tumorigenic glioblastoma cells, compared to tumorigenic cells. Moreover, ARNT2 expression correlated with a tumorigenic molecular signature at both the tissue level within the tumor core and at the single cell level in the patients’ tumors. We found that ARNT2 knockdown decreased the expression of SOX9, POU3F2 and OLIG2, transcription factors implicated in glioblastoma cell tumorigenicity, and repressed glioblastoma stem-like cell tumorigenic properties in vivo. Our results reveal ARNT2 as a pivotal component of the glioblastoma cell tumorigenic signature, located at a node of a transcription factor network controlling glioblastoma cell aggressiveness.
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Molecular Determinants of Malignant Brain Cancers: From Intracellular Alterations to Invasion Mediated by Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122774. [PMID: 29261132 PMCID: PMC5751372 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioma cells invade the surrounding brain parenchyma, by migrating along the blood vessels, thus promoting cancer growth. The biological bases of these activities are grounded in profound alterations of the metabolism and the structural organization of the cells, which consequently acquire the ability to modify the surrounding microenvironment, by altering the extracellular matrix and affecting the properties of the other cells present in the brain, such as normal glial-, endothelial- and immune-cells. Most of the effects on the surrounding environment are probably exerted through the release of a variety of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contain many different classes of molecules, from genetic material to defined species of lipids and enzymes. EV-associated molecules can be either released into the extracellular matrix (ECM) and/or transferred to neighboring cells: as a consequence, both deep modifications of the recipient cell phenotype and digestion of ECM components are obtained, thus causing cancer propagation, as well as a general brain dysfunction. In this review, we first analyze the main intracellular and extracellular transformations required for glioma cell invasion into the brain parenchyma; then we discuss how these events may be attributed, at least in part, to EVs that, like the pawns of a dramatic chess game with cancer, open the way to the tumor cells themselves.
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