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Zhu Y, Yang G, Ding Y, Wu L. First-Line Treatment After the Failure of Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Non-Metastatic, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Men. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.714.720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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2
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Ueda T, Shiraishi T, Ito S, Ohashi M, Matsugasumi T, Yamada Y, Fujihara A, Hongo F, Okihara K, Ukimura O. Abiraterone acetate versus bicalutamide in combination with gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist therapy for high risk metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10094. [PMID: 33980956 PMCID: PMC8115638 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89609-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of abiraterone acetate with that of bicalutamide in combination with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist treatment for patients with high-risk metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). A total of 149 patients with mHSPC who underwent treatment at our hospital and affiliated hospitals between December 2013 and July 2020 were retrospectively identified. Fifty patients were administered abiraterone acetate (1000 mg/day) plus prednisolone (5 mg/day) with a GnRH antagonist (degarelix) (group A), and 99 patients were administered bicalutamide (80 mg/day) with a GnRH antagonist (group B). The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression-free survival (PSA-PFS) was significantly longer in group A than in group B. Abiraterone acetate therapy and Gleason score were significant independent factors of PSA-PFS. Using propensity score matching, 56 matched patients were obtained. The PSA-PFS (p < 0.001) and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.0071) of patients with high-risk mHSPC were significantly longer in group A of matched patients. Abiraterone acetate therapy and Gleason score were significant independent factors for PSA-PFS in matched patients. The PSA-PFS and OS of patients treated with abiraterone acetate in combination with a GnRH antagonist were significantly better than those treated with bicalutamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ueda
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine (KPUM), Kyoto, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Takumi Shiraishi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine (KPUM), Kyoto, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Saya Ito
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine (KPUM), Kyoto, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Munehiro Ohashi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine (KPUM), Kyoto, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Toru Matsugasumi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine (KPUM), Kyoto, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamada
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine (KPUM), Kyoto, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Atsuko Fujihara
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine (KPUM), Kyoto, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Fumiya Hongo
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine (KPUM), Kyoto, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Koji Okihara
- Department of Urology, North Medical Center, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine (KPUM), Yosano-Gun, Kyoto, 629-2261, Japan
| | - Osamu Ukimura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine (KPUM), Kyoto, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
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Maluf FC, Pereira FMT, Silva AG, Dettino ALA, Cardoso APG, Sasse AS, Soares A, Kann AG, Herchenhorn D, Jardim DLF, Cortés DEL, Kater FR, Morbeck IAP, Reolon JFN, Rinck JA, Zarbá JJ, Sade JP, da Trindade KM, Costa LAGA, Dos Santos LV, Maia MC, Siqueira MB, Gillessen S. Consensus on the Treatment and Follow-Up for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Report From the First Global Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference for Developing Countries (PCCCDC). JCO Glob Oncol 2021; 7:559-571. [PMID: 33856891 PMCID: PMC8162971 DOI: 10.1200/go.20.00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a summary of the recommendations for the treatment and follow-up for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) as acquired through a questionnaire administered to 99 physicians working in the field of prostate cancer in developing countries who attended the Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference for Developing Countries. METHODS A total of 106 questions out of more than 300 questions addressed the use of imaging in staging mCRPC, treatment recommendations across availability and response to prior drug treatments, appropriate drug treatments, and follow-up, and those same scenarios when limited resources needed to be considered. Responses were compiled and the percentages were presented by clinicians to support each response. Most questions had five to seven relevant options for response including abstain and/or unqualified to answer, or in the case of yes or no questions, the option to abstain was offered. RESULTS Most of the recommendations from this panel were in line with prior consensus, including the preference of a new antiandrogen for first-line therapy of mCRPC. Important aspects highlighted in the scenario of limited resources included the option of docetaxel as treatment preference as first-line treatment in several scenarios, docetaxel retreatment, consideration for reduced doses of abiraterone, and alternative schedules of an osteoclast-targeted therapy. CONCLUSION There was wide-ranging consensus in the treatment for men with mCRPC in both optimal and limited resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Cotait Maluf
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.,Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Latin American Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Adriano Gonçalves Silva
- Latin American Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Oncologia Clínica ICTr, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Garcia Cardoso
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.,Latin American Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - André Seeke Sasse
- Latin American Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Grupo Sonhe, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Andrey Soares
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.,Latin American Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Centro Paulista de Oncologia, Oncoclínicas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ariel Galapo Kann
- Latin American Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Herchenhorn
- Latin American Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Grupo de oncologia D'Or, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto D'Or de ensino e pesquisa, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fábio Roberto Kater
- Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Latin American Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Igor A Protzner Morbeck
- Latin American Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Hospital Sírio Libanês, Brasília, Brazil.,Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - João Francisco Navarro Reolon
- Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Latin American Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - José Augusto Rinck
- Latin American Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Hospital AC Camargo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juan Jose Zarbá
- Hospital Zenon Santillán, Nacional University of Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Juan Pablo Sade
- Latin American Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Instituto Alexander Fleming y de la Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karine Martins da Trindade
- Latin American Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,IEP-Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa Oncocentro, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Atem G A Costa
- Latin American Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Grupo de oncologia D'Or, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Manuel Caitano Maia
- Latin American Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Centro de Oncologia do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Mariana Bruno Siqueira
- Latin American Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Grupo de oncologia D'Or, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Silke Gillessen
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona and Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.,Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Altavilla A, Casadei C, Lolli C, Menna C, Ravaglia G, Gurioli G, Farolfi A, Brighi N, Conteduca V, Burgio SL, Schepisi G, Rossi L, Gargiulo S, Lisotti I, De Giorgi U. Enzalutamide for the treatment of nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2020; 21:2091-2099. [PMID: 32783772 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2020.1803281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Enzalutamide is the first characterized second-generation nonsteroidal androgen receptor inhibitor (ARi). Its efficacy has been established in several clinical trials evaluating its role in different settings of prostate cancer. Recently, enzalutamide has been approved for the treatment of nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC). AREAS COVERED In this paper, the authors describe the chemical structure and pharmacologic characteristics of enzalutamide, providing a summary of clinical trials evaluating its efficacy and safety in prostate cancer patients. EXPERT OPINION Enzalutamide adds to the growing arsenal of ARi used in nmCRPC. An improvement in metastasis-free survival was observed with the use of these new treatment options; recently released preliminary data report also an OS benefit. These novel agents are generally well tolerated, but their safety profiles differ slightly. Since head-to-head comparisons between ARi in nmCRPC are lacking, the adverse events profile, as well as drug availability, costs, and considerations on treatment-sequencing, would most likely influence the selection of the individual agent in this setting. Further research is needed to improve treatment selection and clarify many unsolved issues. Abbreviations ARi: nonsteroidal androgen receptor inhibitor; nmCRPC: nonmetastatic castration resistant prostate cancer; ADT: androgen deprivation therapy; OS: overall survival; PSA: prostate specific antigen; FDA: Food and Drug Administration; AR: Androgen Receptor; MFS: metastasis free survival; PSA-DT: PSA doubling time; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; AEs: adverse events; mCRPC: metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer; mHSPC: metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer; rPFS: radiographic progression-free survival; OR: odds ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Altavilla
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola, Italy
| | - Chiara Casadei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola, Italy
| | - Cristian Lolli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola, Italy
| | - Cecilia Menna
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola, Italy
| | - Giorgia Ravaglia
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola, Italy
| | - Giorgia Gurioli
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola, Italy
| | - Alberto Farolfi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola, Italy
| | - Nicole Brighi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola, Italy
| | - Vincenza Conteduca
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola, Italy
| | - Salvatore Luca Burgio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Schepisi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola, Italy
| | - Lorena Rossi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola, Italy
| | - Stefania Gargiulo
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola, Italy
| | - Ivana Lisotti
- Pharmacy Unit, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola, Italy
| | - Ugo De Giorgi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS , Meldola, Italy
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5
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Bicalutamide Elicits Renal Damage by Causing Mitochondrial Dysfunction via ROS Damage and Upregulation of HIF-1. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093400. [PMID: 32403414 PMCID: PMC7247665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Combined androgen blockade using bicalutamide (Bic) is a therapeutic choice for treating prostate cancer (PCa). However, even at regular clinical dosages, Bic frequently shows adverse effects associated with cardiovascular and renal damage. Previously, we found that Bic selectively damaged mesangial cells compared to tubular cells and in an in vivo rat model, we also found renal damage caused by Bic. In the present study, a rat mesangial cell model was used to further the investigation. Results indicated that Bic enhanced lactate dehydrogenase release, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lysosome population and kidney injury molecule-1 and decreased N-cadherin. Bic elicited mitochondrial swelling and reduced the mitochondrial potential, resulting in severe suppression of the oxygen consumption rate (OCR), maximum respiration and ATP production. The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α transcriptional activity and messenger RNA were significantly upregulated in dose-dependent manners. The HIF-1α protein reached a peak value at 24 h then rapidly decayed. BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa protein-interacting protein 3 and cleaved caspase-3 were dose-dependently upregulated by Bic (60 μM) and that eventually led to cell apoptosis. It is suggested that Bic induces renal damage via ROS and modulates HIF-1α pathway and clinically, some protective agents like antioxidants are recommended for co-treatment.
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6
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Gul A, Garcia JA, Barata PC. Treatment of non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: focus on apalutamide. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:7253-7262. [PMID: 31534371 PMCID: PMC6682169 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s165706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is an important component of systemic therapy in advanced prostate cancer; however, resistance to ADT is inevitable. Three large studies demonstrated the efficacy of novel androgen receptor (AR)-targeted therapies in prolonging metastasis-free survival and time to symptomatic progression in patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC). Enzalutamide and apalutamide have been approved by the FDA in the nmCRPC setting. This review discusses the role of AR and ADT in prostate cancer, mechanism of ADT resistance and the nmCRPC stage. In addition, pharmacologic characteristics and clinical development of apalutamide, role of apalutamide in nmCRPC, and ongoing clinical studies of apalutamide in different stages of prostate cancer are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Gul
- Department of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jorge A Garcia
- Department of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
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7
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Atchia KS, Wallis CJD, Fleshner N, Toren P. Switching from a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist to a GnRH antagonist in prostate cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Can Urol Assoc J 2019; 14:36-41. [PMID: 31348745 DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.5996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We sought to address whether there are clinical responses when patients who are failing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist therapy are switched to degarelix. Androgen-deprivation therapy remains the backbone of treatment for disseminated prostate cancer and may be achieved with orchiectomy, GnRH agonists, or degarelix, a GnRH antagonist. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis with a search of the BIOSIS Previews, Embase, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar databases using key terms. Quantitative meta-analysis was performed to provide a pooled estimate of prostate specific antigen (PSA) response at three months. RESULTS Thirteen studies were identified, eight of which were included in the qualitative and quantitative analyses. Patient characteristics were broadly similar between the studies. Out of 155 patients across all included studies, 20 had stable PSA after the switch (12.9%), 14 had a 10-30% decrease in PSA (9.0%), three had a 30-50% decrease (1.9%), and 13 had a more than 50% decrease (8.4%). Random effects meta-analysis of these data demonstrated a pooled response rate of 27.75% (95% confidence interval 18.9-36.5%; I2=7.9%). Changes in testosterone levels following the switch could not be quantitatively assessed due to lack of sufficient data. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that a switch to GnRH antagonist following progression on a GnRH agonist may result in a stable or decreased PSA at three months in about 30% of patients. This information should be considered among the potential options to discuss with patients with a rising PSA on GnRH agonist therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaleem S Atchia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec Research Centre, Oncology Division, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | | | - Neil Fleshner
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul Toren
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec Research Centre, Oncology Division, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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8
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Kunath F, Goebell PJ, Wullich B, Sikic D, Kahlmeyer A. Timing of androgen deprivation monotherapy and combined treatments in castration-sensitive and castration-resistant prostate cancer: a narrative review. World J Urol 2019; 38:601-611. [PMID: 30830274 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-019-02704-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Standard androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) can be initiated early at the time of diagnosis in asymptomatic castration-sensitive advanced prostate cancer. This definition has recently been expanded to also include an early combined treatment with standard ADT and new antihormonal drugs. We aimed to present the best available evidence for the timing of initiation of ADT monotherapy and combined treatments in castration-sensitive/-resistant prostate cancer. METHODS For this narrative review, we searched Cochrane reviews in the Cochrane Library, systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials in MEDLINE, phase III and ongoing trials in ClinicalTrials.gov and screened the reference lists to extract articles of interest. One author screened the references which were finally included after assessing their relevance through discussion with other experts in the field. RESULTS The identified references were grouped by medication (standard ADT, androgen biosynthesis inhibitor, androgen receptor antagonists or combined therapies) and tumor stage (castration sensitive or resistant). The evidence was narratively summarized and discussed in the context of the current therapeutic landscape. CONCLUSIONS Early standard ADT can reduce symptoms of disease progression and may extend progression-free and overall survival. The patient should be well informed about the higher rates of treatment-related side effects. Deferring standard ADT might be indicated only for well-informed or unfit patients. Early standard ADT is increasingly combined with new antihormonal drugs in castration-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer to gain additional survival and quality of life benefits. Combined treatment at the time of development of castration-resistant disease is well established.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kunath
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Krankenhausstrasse 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. .,UroEvidence@Deutsche Gesellschaft für Urologie, Berlin, Germany.
| | - P J Goebell
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Krankenhausstrasse 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - B Wullich
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Krankenhausstrasse 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.,UroEvidence@Deutsche Gesellschaft für Urologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Sikic
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Krankenhausstrasse 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Kahlmeyer
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Krankenhausstrasse 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
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9
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Management of non-metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer: A systematic review. Cancer Treat Rev 2018; 70:223-231. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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10
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Iscaife A, Reis ST, Morais DR, Viana NI, da Silva IA, Pimenta R, Bordini A, Dip N, Srougi M, Leite KRM. Treating metastatic prostate cancer with microRNA-145. Apoptosis 2018; 23:388-395. [PMID: 29858716 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-018-1461-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is an incurable disease at the metastatic stage. Although there are different options for treatment, the results are limited. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small, noncoding, regulatory RNAs with important roles in regulating gene expression. miR-145 is reported to be a key tumor suppressor miRNA (tsmiR) that controls important oncogenes, such as MYC and RAS. In this study, in vitro studies were performed to show the control of MYC and RAS by miR-145. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell proliferation and apoptosis. The efficacy of miR-145 in treating metastatic PCa was tested in nude mice using a model of bone metastasis promoted by intraventricular injection of PC-3MLuc-C6 cells. Tumor growth was evaluated by an in vivo bioluminescence system. After the full establishment of metastases on day 21, six animals were treated with three intravenous doses of miR-145 (on days 21, 24 and 27), and six were injected with scramble miRNA as controls. Compared to the controls, tumor growth was significantly reduced in animals receiving miR-145, most importantly on day 7 after the third and last dose of miRNA. After discontinuing the treatment, tumor growth resumed, becoming similar to the group of non-treated animals. A decrease in MYC and RAS expression was observed in all cell lines after treatment with miR-145, although statistical significance was achieved only in experiments with LNCaP and PC3 cell lines, with a decrease in 56% (p = 0.012) and 31% (p = 0.013) of RAS expression, respectively. Our results suggest that miR-145 is a potential molecule to be tested for treatment of metastatic, castration-resistant PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Iscaife
- Laboratorio de Investigação Medica da Disciplina de Urologia - LIM 55, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 455, Sala 2145, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Sabrina Thalita Reis
- Laboratorio de Investigação Medica da Disciplina de Urologia - LIM 55, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 455, Sala 2145, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Denis Reis Morais
- Laboratorio de Investigação Medica da Disciplina de Urologia - LIM 55, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 455, Sala 2145, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Nayara Izabel Viana
- Laboratorio de Investigação Medica da Disciplina de Urologia - LIM 55, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 455, Sala 2145, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Iran Amorim da Silva
- Laboratorio de Investigação Medica da Disciplina de Urologia - LIM 55, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 455, Sala 2145, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ruan Pimenta
- Laboratorio de Investigação Medica da Disciplina de Urologia - LIM 55, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 455, Sala 2145, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andre Bordini
- Laboratorio de Investigação Medica da Disciplina de Urologia - LIM 55, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 455, Sala 2145, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Nelson Dip
- Laboratorio de Investigação Medica da Disciplina de Urologia - LIM 55, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 455, Sala 2145, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Miguel Srougi
- Laboratorio de Investigação Medica da Disciplina de Urologia - LIM 55, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 455, Sala 2145, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Katia Ramos Moreira Leite
- Laboratorio de Investigação Medica da Disciplina de Urologia - LIM 55, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 455, Sala 2145, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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11
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Stein MN, Jang TL. Reply to C.G. Drake. J Clin Oncol 2017; 35:471-472. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.70.7745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mark N. Stein
- Mark N. Stein and Thomas L. Jang, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Thomas L. Jang
- Mark N. Stein and Thomas L. Jang, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
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12
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Şendur MAN, Yalçın B. Does Enzalutamide Really Reduce the Risk of Progression Compared With Bicalutamide in Patients With Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer? J Clin Oncol 2016; 35:122. [PMID: 28034074 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.68.0389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bülent Yalçın
- Mehmet Ali Nahit Şendur and Bülent Yalçın, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
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Michaelsen FW, Saeed MEM, Schwarzkopf J, Efferth T. Activity of Artemisia annua and artemisinin derivatives, in prostate carcinoma. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 22:1223-1231. [PMID: 26655404 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artemisia annua L, artemisinin and artesunate reveal profound activity not only against malaria, but also against cancer in vivo and clinical trials. Longitudinal observations on the efficacy of A. annua in patients are, however missing as of yet. METHODS Clinical diagnosis was performed by imaging techniques (MRT, scintigraphy, SPECT/CT) and blood examinations of standard parameters from clinical chemistry. Immunohistochemistry of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor material was performed to determine the expression of several biomarkers (cycloxygenase-2 (COX2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1), Ki-67, MYC, oxidized low density lipoprotein (lectin-like) receptor 1 (LOX1), p53, P-glycoprotein, transferrin receptor (TFR, CD71), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), von Willebrand factor (CD31)). The immunohistochemical expression has been compared with the microarray-based mRNA expression of these markers in two prostate carcinoma cell lines (PC-3, DU-145). RESULTS A patient with prostate carcinoma (pT3bN1M1, Gleason score 8 (4+4)) presented with a prostate specific antigen (PSA) level >800 µg/l. After short-term treatment with bacalitumide (50 mg/d for 14 days) and long-term oral treatment with A. annua capsules (continuously 5 × 50 mg/d), the PSA level dropped down to 0.98 µg/l. MRT, scintigraphy and SPECT/CT verified tumor remission. Seven months later, PSA and ostase levels increased, indicating tumor recurrence and skeletal metastases. Substituting A. annua capsules by artesunate injections (2 × 150 mg twice weekly i.v.) did not prohibit tumor recurrence. PSA and ostase levels rose to 1245 µg/l and 434 U/l, respectively, and MRT revealed progressive skeletal metastases, indicating that the tumor acquired resistance. The high expression of MYC, TFR, and VEGFC in the patient biopsy corresponded with high expression of these markers in the artemisinin-sensitive PC-3 cells compared to artemisinin-resistant DU-145 cells. CONCLUSION Long-term treatment with A. annua capsules combined with short-term bicalitumide treatment resulted in considerable regression of advanced metastasized prostate carcinoma. Controlled clinical trials are required to evaluate the clinical benefit of A. annua in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed E M Saeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
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Bicalutamide 150 mg as secondary hormonal therapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer. Int Urol Nephrol 2015; 47:479-84. [PMID: 25665794 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-015-0919-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was aimed to evaluate the effect and tolerability of bicalutamide 150 mg therapy in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). METHODS A total of 48 patients with histologically confirmed prostate cancer were included. They had been treated with continuous maximal androgen blockade therapy, but their serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) increased after initial hormonal therapy. Patients were given bicalutamide (150 mg per day). Serum PSA testing was performed every 3 months. The response was defined according to PSA decline from baseline: PSA decline ≥85% as complete response, ≥50 % but <85% as partial response, and <50 % as failure. Response duration was defined as the time from PSA response until PSA increased ≥25 % or ≥2 ng/mL from the nadir. The potential predictive factors (Gleason score, clinical stage and serum PSA) were investigated. RESULTS The time of follow-up was 3-30 months. A PSA decline ≥50% was observed in 37 of 48 patients including 18 ≥ 50% but <85% and 19 ≥ 85% responders. The median response duration was 12 months for partial responders and 20 months for complete responders. Patients with lower Gleason score, lower serum PSA and using flutamide as first-line nonsteroidal antiandrogen achieved more benefits. Moreover, bicalutamide 150 mg therapy was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS Bicalutamide 150 mg therapy was an appropriate therapeutic method for patients of CRPC, especially for those with lower Gleason score, lower serum PSA and using flutamide as first-line nonsteroidal antiandrogen.
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