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Sun H, Meng S, Xu Z, Cai H, Pei X, Wan Q, Chen J. Vascular and lymphatic heterogeneity and age-related variations of dental pulps. J Dent 2023; 138:104695. [PMID: 37714450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dental pulp tissue is highly vascularized. However, age-related vascular changes of the dental pulp in mice and humans remain poorly understood. We modified a novel tissue clearing method, mapped the vasculature, pericytes, and perivascular matrix in the dental pulp via high-resolution 3D imaging. METHODS We isolated young and aged pulps from mouse teeth, and mapped vasculature through a high-resolution thick frozen sections imaging method and a modified tissue clearing method. Human dental pulps were also mapped for vasculature studying. Furthermore, young and aged human dental pulps were collected and were compared with mouse pulps through RNA- sequencing. RESULTS Five vascular subtypes of blood vessels were found in the mouse dental pulp, which constituted the arterioles-capillaries-venules network. The density of capillaries and venules of molars declined obviously in aged mice. Among the age-dependent changes in the perivascular pulp matrix, the perivascular macrophages remarkably increased, lymphatic capillaries increased, while the nerves and extracellular matrix remained unchanged. Furthermore, the vascular patterns of human formed a complex vascular network. Both mouse and human dental pulps exhibited an inflammaging state. TNF pathway and Rap1 pathway might become promising targets for combating inflammaging and promoting angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Five subtypes of blood vessels were identified within the dental pulp of mice. Notably, the density of capillaries and venules in pulps of aged mice was reduced. Furthermore, partial similarities were observed in the vascular patterns between the dental pulps of humans and mice. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that both mouse and human dental pulps exhibit indications of an inflammaging state. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study may contribute to unraveling potential therapeutic targets in the pulp regeneration and treatment of relevant diseases in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuhuai Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - He Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xibo Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianbing Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Junyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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2
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Erdogan O, Xia J, Chiu IM, Gibbs JL. Dynamics of Innate Immune Response in Bacteria-Induced Mouse Model of Pulpitis. J Endod 2023; 49:1529-1536. [PMID: 37678750 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During pulpitis, as bacteria penetrate deeper into the dentin and pulp tissue, a pulpal innate immune response is initiated. However, the kinetics of the immune response, how this relates to bacterial infiltration during pulpitis and an understanding of the types of immune cells in the pulp is limited. METHODS Dental pulp exposure in the molars of mice was used as an animal model of pulpitis. To investigate the kinetics of immune response, pulp tissue was collected from permanent molars at different time points after injury (baseline, day 1, and day 7). Flow cytometry analysis of CD45+ leukocytes, including macrophages, neutrophils monocytes, and T cells, was performed. 16S in situ hybridization captured bacterial invasion of the pulp, and immunohistochemistry for F4/80 investigated spatial and morphological changes of macrophages during pulpitis. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparisons. RESULTS Bacteria mostly remained close to the injury site, with some expansion towards noninjured pulp horns. We found that F4/80+ macrophages were the primary immune cell population in the healthy pulp. Upon injury, CD11b + Ly6Ghigh neutrophils and CD11b + Ly6GintLy6Cint monocytes constituted 70-90% of all immune populations up to 7 days after injury. Even though there was a slight increase in T cells at day 7, myeloid cells remained the main drivers of the immune response during the seven-day time period. CONCLUSIONS As bacteria proliferate within the pulp chamber, innate immune cells, including macrophages, neutrophils, and monocytes, predominate as the major immune populations, with some signs of transitioning to an adaptive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Erdogan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jingya Xia
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Isaac M Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Jennifer L Gibbs
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
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3
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Gonzalez Lopez M, Huteckova B, Lavicky J, Zezula N, Rakultsev V, Fridrichova V, Tuaima H, Nottmeier C, Petersen J, Kavkova M, Zikmund T, Kaiser J, Lav R, Star H, Bryja V, Henyš P, Vořechovský M, Tucker AS, Harnos J, Buchtova M, Krivanek J. Spatiotemporal monitoring of hard tissue development reveals unknown features of tooth and bone development. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi0482. [PMID: 37531427 PMCID: PMC10396306 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi0482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Mineralized tissues, such as bones or teeth, are essential structures of all vertebrates. They enable rapid movement, protection, and food processing, in addition to providing physiological functions. Although the development, regeneration, and pathogenesis of teeth and bones have been intensely studied, there is currently no tool to accurately follow the dynamics of growth and healing of these vital tissues in space and time. Here, we present the BEE-ST (Bones and tEEth Spatio-Temporal growth monitoring) approach, which allows precise quantification of development, regeneration, remodeling, and healing in any type of calcified tissue across different species. Using mouse teeth as model the turnover rate of continuously growing incisors was quantified, and role of hard/soft diet on molar root growth was shown. Furthermore, the dynamics of bones and teeth growth in lizards, frogs, birds, and zebrafish was uncovered. This approach represents an effective, highly reproducible, and versatile tool that opens up diverse possibilities in developmental biology, bone and tooth healing, tissue engineering, and disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Gonzalez Lopez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Huteckova
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Lavicky
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nikodem Zezula
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladislav Rakultsev
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Fridrichova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Haneen Tuaima
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Cita Nottmeier
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julian Petersen
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michaela Kavkova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Zikmund
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Kaiser
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rupali Lav
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Haza Star
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Vítězslav Bryja
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Henyš
- Institute of New Technologies and Applied Informatics, Faculty of Mechatronics, Informatics and Interdisciplinary Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Vořechovský
- Institute of Structural Mechanics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
| | - Abigail S. Tucker
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, London, UK
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Harnos
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Buchtova
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Krivanek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Tazawa K, Sasaki H. Three-dimensional cellular visualization in mouse apical periodontitis using combined whole-mount staining and optical tissue clearing. J Oral Biosci 2023; 65:132-135. [PMID: 36587735 PMCID: PMC10299740 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Apical periodontitis is an inflammatory disease involving lesions located within the jawbone. Histological evaluations generally require decalcification and sectioning, which has limited our understanding of the three-dimensional (3D) organization and spatial distribution of different immune cell types in these lesions. A recently developed technique combining tissue clearing and whole-mount immunofluorescent labeling allows us to acquire such information from the deep tissue without sectioning. However, whole-mount immunofluorescent labeling in the jawbone requires further development. Here we provide a straightforward and efficient protocol to achieve 3D immunofluorescent imaging of murine periapical lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Tazawa
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Sasaki
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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5
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Yang D, Ortinau L, Jeong Y, Park D. Advances and challenges in intravital imaging of craniofacial and dental progenitor cells. Genesis 2022; 60:e23498. [PMID: 35980285 PMCID: PMC10015615 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Craniofacial and appendicular bone homeostasis is dynamically regulated by a balance between bone formation and resorption by osteoblasts and osteoclasts, respectively. Despite the developments in multiple imaging techniques in bone biology, there are still technical challenges and limitations in the investigation of spatial/anatomical location of rare stem/progenitor cells and their molecular regulation in tooth and craniofacial bones of living animals. Recent advances in live animal imaging techniques for the craniofacial and dental apparatus can provide new insights in real time into bone stem/progenitor cell dynamics and function in vivo. Here, we review the current inventions and applications of the noninvasive intravital imaging technique and its practical uses and limitations in the analysis of stem/progenitor cells in craniofacial and dental apparatus in vivo. Furthermore, we also explore the potential applications of intravital microscopy in the dental field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwook Yang
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Center for Skeletal Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Laura Ortinau
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Center for Skeletal Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Youngjae Jeong
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Center for Skeletal Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dongsu Park
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Center for Skeletal Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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6
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Piriou M, Lorenzo C, Raymond-Letron I, Coronas-Dupuis S, Pieruccioni L, Rouquette J, Guissard C, Chaumont J, Casteilla L, Planat-Benard V, Kemoun P, Monsarrat P. A Spectral Principal Component Analysis-Based Framework for Composite Hard/Soft Tissue Fluorescence Image Investigation. Front Physiol 2022; 13:899626. [PMID: 35910575 PMCID: PMC9325997 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.899626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional thin sectioning microscopy of large bone and dental tissue samples using demineralization may disrupt structure morphologies and even damage soft tissues, thus compromising the histopathological investigation. Here, we developed a synergistic and original framework on thick sections based on wide-field multi-fluorescence imaging and spectral Principal Component Analysis (sPCA) as an alternative, fast, versatile, and reliable solution, suitable for highly mineralized tissue structure sustain and visualization. Periodontal 2-mm thick sections were stained with a solution containing five fluorescent dyes chosen for their ability to discriminate close tissues, and acquisitions were performed with a multi-zoom macroscope for blue, green, red, and NIR (near-infrared) emissions. Eigen-images derived from both standard scaler (Std) and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (Clahe) pre-preprocessing significantly enhanced tissue contrasts, highly suitable for histopathological investigation with an in-depth detail for sub-tissue structure discrimination. Using this method, it is possible to preserve and delineate accurately the different anatomical/morphological features of the periodontium, a complex tooth-supporting multi-tissue. Indeed, we achieve characterization of gingiva, alveolar bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament tissues. The ease and adaptability of this approach make it an effective method for providing high-contrast features that are not usually available in standard staining histology. Beyond periodontal investigations, this first proof of concept of an sPCA solution for optical microscopy of complex structures, especially including mineralized tissues opens new perspectives to deal with other chronic diseases involving complex tissue and organ defects. Overall, such an imaging framework appears to be a novel and convenient strategy for optical microscopy investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Piriou
- Dental Faculty and Hospital of Toulouse—Toulouse Institute of Oral Medicine and Science, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Corinne Lorenzo
- Restore Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Raymond-Letron
- Restore Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
- LabHPEC, Université de Toulouse, ENVT (Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse), Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Coronas-Dupuis
- Restore Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
- LabHPEC, Université de Toulouse, ENVT (Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse), Toulouse, France
| | - Laetitia Pieruccioni
- Restore Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Jacques Rouquette
- Restore Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Guissard
- Dental Faculty and Hospital of Toulouse—Toulouse Institute of Oral Medicine and Science, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Restore Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Jade Chaumont
- Dental Faculty and Hospital of Toulouse—Toulouse Institute of Oral Medicine and Science, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Louis Casteilla
- Restore Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Valérie Planat-Benard
- Restore Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Kemoun
- Dental Faculty and Hospital of Toulouse—Toulouse Institute of Oral Medicine and Science, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Restore Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Paul Monsarrat
- Dental Faculty and Hospital of Toulouse—Toulouse Institute of Oral Medicine and Science, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Restore Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
- Artificial and Natural Intelligence Toulouse Institute ANITI, Toulouse, France
- *Correspondence: Paul Monsarrat,
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7
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Bošnjak B, Do KTH, Förster R, Hammerschmidt SI. Imaging dendritic cell functions. Immunol Rev 2021; 306:137-163. [PMID: 34859450 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for the appropriate initiation of adaptive immune responses. During inflammation, DCs capture antigens, mature, and migrate to lymphoid tissues to present foreign material to naïve T cells. These cells get activated and differentiate either into pathogen-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells that destroy infected cells or into CD4+ T helper cells that, among other effector functions, orchestrate antibody production by B cells. DC-mediated antigen presentation is equally important in non-inflammatory conditions. Here, DCs mediate induction of tolerance by presenting self-antigens or harmless environmental antigens and induce differentiation of regulatory T cells or inactivation of self-reactive immune cells. Detailed insights into the biology of DCs are, therefore, crucial for the development of novel vaccines as well as the prevention of autoimmune diseases. As in many other life science areas, our understanding of DC biology would be extremely restricted without bioimaging, a compilation of methods that visualize biological processes. Spatiotemporal tracking of DCs relies on various imaging tools, which not only enable insights into their positioning and migration within tissues or entire organs but also allow visualization of subcellular and molecular processes. This review aims to provide an overview of the imaging toolbox and to provide examples of diverse imaging techniques used to obtain fundamental insights into DC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berislav Bošnjak
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kim Thi Hoang Do
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Reinhold Förster
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155) Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover, Germany
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8
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Hong S, Park YH, Lee J, Moon J, Kong E, Jeon J, Park JC, Kim HR, Kim P. 3D Visualization of Dynamic Cellular Reaction of Pulpal CD11c+ Dendritic Cells against Pulpitis in Whole Murine Tooth. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312683. [PMID: 34884488 PMCID: PMC8657593 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In dental pulp, diverse types of cells mediate the dental pulp immunity in a highly complex and dynamic manner. Yet, 3D spatiotemporal changes of various pulpal immune cells dynamically reacting against foreign pathogens during immune response have not been well characterized. It is partly due to the technical difficulty in detailed 3D comprehensive cellular-level observation of dental pulp in whole intact tooth beyond the conventional histological analysis using thin tooth slices. In this work, we validated the optical clearing technique based on modified Murray’s clear as a valuable tool for a comprehensive cellular-level analysis of dental pulp. Utilizing the optical clearing, we successfully achieved a 3D visualization of CD11c+ dendritic cells in the dentin-pulp complex of a whole intact murine tooth. Notably, a small population of unique CD11c+ dendritic cells extending long cytoplasmic processes into the dentinal tubule while located at the dentin-pulp interface like odontoblasts were clearly visualized. 3D visualization of whole murine tooth enabled a reliable observation of these rarely existing cells with a total number less than a couple of tens in one tooth. These CD11c+ dendritic cells with processes in the dentinal tubule were significantly increased in the dental pulpitis model induced by mechanical and chemical irritation. Additionally, the 3D visualization revealed a distinct spatial 3D arrangement of pulpal CD11c+ cells in the pulp into a front-line barrier-like formation in the pulp within 12 h after the irritation. Collectively, these observations demonstrated the unique capability of optical clearing-based comprehensive 3D cellular-level visualization of the whole tooth as an efficient method to analyze 3D spatiotemporal changes of various pulpal cells in normal and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujung Hong
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (S.H.); (J.L.); (J.M.)
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (E.K.); (J.J.)
| | - Yeoung-Hyun Park
- Department of Oral Histology-Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.-H.P.); (J.-C.P.)
| | - Jingu Lee
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (S.H.); (J.L.); (J.M.)
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (E.K.); (J.J.)
| | - Jieun Moon
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (S.H.); (J.L.); (J.M.)
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (E.K.); (J.J.)
| | - Eunji Kong
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (E.K.); (J.J.)
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jehwi Jeon
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (E.K.); (J.J.)
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Joo-Cheol Park
- Department of Oral Histology-Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.-H.P.); (J.-C.P.)
| | - Hyung-Ryong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-R.K.); (P.K.)
| | - Pilhan Kim
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (S.H.); (J.L.); (J.M.)
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (E.K.); (J.J.)
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-R.K.); (P.K.)
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9
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Tian T, Yang Z, Li X. Tissue clearing technique: Recent progress and biomedical applications. J Anat 2021; 238:489-507. [PMID: 32939792 PMCID: PMC7812135 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Organisms are inherently three dimensional, thus comprehensive understanding of the complicated biological system requires analysis of organs or even whole bodies in the context of three dimensions. However, this is a tremendous task since the biological specimens are naturally opaque, a major obstacle in whole-body and whole-organ imaging. Tissue clearing technique provides a prospective solution and has become a powerful tool for three-dimensional imaging and quantification of organisms. Tissue clearing technique aims to make tissue transparent by minimizing light scattering and light absorption, thus allowing deep imaging of large volume samples. When combined with diverse molecular labeling methods and high-throughput optical sectioning microscopes, tissue clearing technique enables whole-body and whole-organ imaging at cellular or subcellular resolution, providing detailed and comprehensive information about the intact biological systems. Here, we give an overview of recent progress and biomedical applications of tissue clearing technique. We introduce the mechanisms and basic principles of tissue clearing, and summarize the current tissue clearing methods. Moreover, the available imaging techniques and software packages for data processing are also presented. Finally, we introduce the recent advances in applications of tissue clearing in biomedical fields. Tissue clearing contributes to the investigation of structure-function relationships in intact mammalian organs, and opens new avenues for cellular and molecular mapping of intact human organs. We hope this review contributes to a better understanding of tissue clearing technique and can help researchers to select the best-suited clearing protocol for their experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural RegenerationSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhaoyang Yang
- Department of NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina,Beijing International Cooperation Bases for Science and Technology on Biomaterials and Neural RegenerationBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural RegenerationSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina,Department of NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina,Beijing International Cooperation Bases for Science and Technology on Biomaterials and Neural RegenerationBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina
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10
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Lee DJ, Miguez P, Kwon J, Daniel R, Padilla R, Min S, Zalal R, Ko CC, Shin HW. Decellularized pulp matrix as scaffold for mesenchymal stem cell mediated bone regeneration. J Tissue Eng 2020; 11:2041731420981672. [PMID: 33414903 PMCID: PMC7750895 DOI: 10.1177/2041731420981672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Scaffolds that are used for bone repair should provide an adequate environment for biomineralization by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Recently, decellularized pulp matrices (DPM) have been utilized in endodontics for their high regenerative potential. Inspired by the dystrophic calcification on the pulp matrix known as pulp stone, we developed acellular pulp bioscaffolds and examined their potential in facilitating MSCs mineralization for bone defect repair. Pulp was decellularized, then retention of its structural integrity was confirmed by histological, mechanical, and biochemical evaluations. MSCs were seeded and proliferation, osteogenic gene expression, and biomineralization were assessed to verify DPM's osteogenic effects in vitro. MicroCT, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and histological analyses were used to confirm that DPM seeded with MSCs result in greater mineralization on rat critical-sized defects than that without MSCs. Overall, our study proves DPM's potential to serve as a scaffolding material for MSC-mediated bone regeneration for future craniofacial bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Joon Lee
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Science Institute, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Patricia Miguez
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Science Institute, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jane Kwon
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Science Institute, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Renie Daniel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ricardo Padilla
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Samuel Min
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Science Institute, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rahim Zalal
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Science Institute, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ching-Chang Ko
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hae Won Shin
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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