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Sivaganesh V, Peethambaran B. Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 inhibitor strictinin exhibits anti-cancer properties against highly aggressive androgen-independent prostate cancer. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:1188-1209. [PMID: 38213538 PMCID: PMC10784114 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim It is important to identify anti-cancer compounds that can inhibit specific molecular targets to eradicate androgen-receptor negative (ARneg), androgen-independent (AI) prostate cancer, which is an aggressive form of prostate cancer with limited treatment options. The goal of this study was to selectively target prostate cancer cells that have high levels of oncogenic protein Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) by using strictinin, a small molecule ROR1 inhibitor. Methods The methods performed in this study include western blots, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) proliferation assays, phosphatidylserine apoptosis assays, apoptosis flow cytometry (Annexin V, caspase 3/7), migration scratch assays, Boyden chamber invasion assays, and cell cycle flow cytometry. Results Strictinin was most lethal against PC3 [half-maximal drug inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 277.2 µmol/L], an ARneg-AI cell type that expresses the highest levels of ROR1. Strictinin inhibited ROR1 expression, downstream phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT)-glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3β) pro-survival signaling, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers in PC3 cells. Additionally, strictinin decreased PC3 cell migration and invasion, while increasing S-phase cell cycle arrest. In ARneg-AI DU145 cells, strictinin inhibited ROR1 expression and modulated downstream AKT-GSK3β signaling. Furthermore, strictinin exhibited anti-migratory, anti-invasive, but minimal pro-apoptotic effects in DU145 cells likely due to DU145 having less ROR1 expression in comparison to PC3 cells. Throughout the study, strictinin minimally impacted the phenotype of normal prostatic epithelial cells RWPE-1 (IC50 of 658.5 µmol/L). Strictinin was further identified as synergistic with docetaxel [combination index (CI) = 0.311] and the combination therapy was found to reduce the IC50 of strictinin to 38.71 µmol/L in PC3 cells. Conclusions ROR1 is an emerging molecular target that can be utilized for treating prostate cancer. The data from this study establishes strictinin as a potential therapeutic agent that targets ARneg-AI prostate cancer with elevated ROR1 expression to reduce the migration, invasion, cell cycle progression, and survival of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Sivaganesh
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph’s University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Bela Peethambaran
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph’s University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Varaprasad GL, Gupta VK, Prasad K, Kim E, Tej MB, Mohanty P, Verma HK, Raju GSR, Bhaskar L, Huh YS. Recent advances and future perspectives in the therapeutics of prostate cancer. Exp Hematol Oncol 2023; 12:80. [PMID: 37740236 PMCID: PMC10517568 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-023-00444-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancers in males and the fifth leading reason of death. Age, ethnicity, family history, and genetic defects are major factors that determine the aggressiveness and lethality of PC. The African population is at the highest risk of developing high-grade PC. It can be challenging to distinguish between low-risk and high-risk patients due to the slow progression of PC. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a revolutionary discovery for the identification of PC. However, it has led to an increase in over diagnosis and over treatment of PC in the past few decades. Even if modifications are made to the standard PSA testing, the specificity has not been found to be significant. Our understanding of PC genetics and proteomics has improved due to advances in different fields. New serum, urine, and tissue biomarkers, such as PC antigen 3 (PCA3), have led to various new diagnostic tests, such as the prostate health index, 4K score, and PCA3. These tests significantly reduce the number of unnecessary and repeat biopsies performed. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and prostatectomy are standard treatment options. However, newer novel hormone therapy drugs with a better response have been identified. Androgen deprivation and hormonal therapy are evolving as new and better options for managing hormone-sensitive and castration-resistant PC. This review aimed to highlight and discuss epidemiology, various risk factors, and developments in PC diagnosis and treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganji Lakshmi Varaprasad
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Vivek Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiran Prasad
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Eunsu Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Mandava Bhuvan Tej
- Department of Health Care Informatics, Sacred Heart University, 5151 Park Avenue, Fair Fields, CT, 06825, USA
| | - Pratik Mohanty
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Henu Kumar Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of Lungs Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Zentrum, 85764, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Ganji Seeta Rama Raju
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea.
| | - Lvks Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India.
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
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Rocha SM, Nascimento D, Coelho RS, Cardoso AM, Passarinha LA, Socorro S, Maia CJ. STEAP1 Knockdown Decreases the Sensitivity of Prostate Cancer Cells to Paclitaxel, Docetaxel and Cabazitaxel. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076643. [PMID: 37047621 PMCID: PMC10095014 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Six Transmembrane Epithelial Antigen of the Prostate 1 (STEAP1) protein has been indicated as an overexpressed oncoprotein in prostate cancer (PCa), associated with tumor progression and aggressiveness. Taxane-based antineoplastic drugs such as paclitaxel, docetaxel, or cabazitaxel, have been investigated in PCa treatment, namely for the development of combined therapies with the improvement of therapeutic effectiveness. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of STEAP1 in response to taxane-based drugs and assess whether the sensitivity of PCa cells to treatment with paclitaxel, docetaxel, or cabazitaxel may change when the STEAP1 gene is silenced. Thus, wild-type and STEAP1 knockdown LNCaP and C4-2B cells were exposed to paclitaxel, docetaxel or cabazitaxel, and STEAP1 expression, cell viability, and survival pathways were evaluated. The results obtained showed that STEAP1 knockdown or taxane-based drugs treatment significantly reduced the viability and survival of PCa cells. Relatively to the expression of proliferation markers and apoptosis regulators, LNCaP cells showed a reduced proliferation, whereas apoptosis was increased. However, the effect of paclitaxel, docetaxel, or cabazitaxel treatment was reversed when combined with STEAP1 knockdown. Besides, these chemotherapeutic drugs may stimulate the cell growth of PCa cells knocked down for STEAP1. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that STEAP1 expression levels might influence the response of PCa cells to chemotherapeutics drugs, indicating that the use of paclitaxel, docetaxel, or cabazitaxel may lead to harmful effects in PCa cells with decreased expression of STEAP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M. Rocha
- CICS-UBI–Health Sciences Research Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Daniel Nascimento
- CICS-UBI–Health Sciences Research Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Rafaella S. Coelho
- CICS-UBI–Health Sciences Research Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Cardoso
- CICS-UBI–Health Sciences Research Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Luís A. Passarinha
- CICS-UBI–Health Sciences Research Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia-UBIMedical, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-284 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Socorro
- CICS-UBI–Health Sciences Research Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- C4-UBI—Cloud Computing Competence Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-501 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Cláudio J. Maia
- CICS-UBI–Health Sciences Research Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- C4-UBI—Cloud Computing Competence Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-501 Covilhã, Portugal
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Wenzel M, Borkowetz A, Lieb V, Hoffmann MA, Borgmann H, Höfner T, Dotzauer R, Neuberger M, Worst TS, von Hardenberg J, Linxweiler J, Klümper N. Efficacy of cabazitaxel in fourth or later line of therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: Multi-institutional real-world experience in Germany. Urol Oncol 2022; 40:538.e7-538.e14. [PMID: 36244915 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since multiple oncological treatment options in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) are available, optimal sequencing of therapies are under investigation. However, the efficacy of Cabazitaxel (CAB) in fourth and later lines of therapy is rarely investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty three patients with mCRPC treated with CAB in fourth line or later were included in our retrospective study, which involved eight uro-oncology centers in Germany. Clinical and tumor characteristics, as well as PSA-response rates were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier plots addressed overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Logistic regression models predicted risk factors of overall mortality (OM). RESULTS Of 53 patients, 79% (n=42), 19% (n=10) and 2% (n=1) received CAB in fourth, fifth and sixth line. A median of 4 cycles of CAB were administered. Median PSA at start of CAB was 199ng/ml (interquartile range (IQR) 70-869). In total, 89% had bone and 40% visceral metastases prior to the start of CAB. Moreover, 30% of patients received Docetaxel in first line therapy for mCRPC. Most frequent sequence of therapy was abiraterone followed by docetaxel and followed by enzalutamide. Overall, median PSA-response rate was -20% (IQR -80 to +10%). Patients with docetaxel in first line had a significantly better median PSA-response on CAB (-80 vs. 20%, P=0.03). Median OS, radiographic PFS and overall PFS were 14.8 (Confidence interval (CI): 11.0-20.8), 3.0 (CI: 2.9-4.0) and 2.9 (CI: 2.0-3.3) months, respectively. In multivariable analyses, visceral metastases, PSA >100ng/ml, ISUP4+5 and later administration of Docetaxel were predictors of OM. CONCLUSION Real-world experiences indicate that favorable oncologic outcomes can be achieved with CAB especially regarding PSA-response and OS even in the fourth line or later in patients with mCRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Wenzel
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt, Germany; GeSRU Academics Prostate Cancer Working Group.
| | - Angelika Borkowetz
- GeSRU Academics Prostate Cancer Working Group; Department of Urology, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Verena Lieb
- GeSRU Academics Prostate Cancer Working Group; Department of Urology, University Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manuela A Hoffmann
- GeSRU Academics Prostate Cancer Working Group; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hendrik Borgmann
- GeSRU Academics Prostate Cancer Working Group; Department of Urology, University Hospital Medical School Brandenburg, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Höfner
- GeSRU Academics Prostate Cancer Working Group; Department of Urology, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Robert Dotzauer
- GeSRU Academics Prostate Cancer Working Group; Department of Urology, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manuel Neuberger
- GeSRU Academics Prostate Cancer Working Group; Department of Urology and Urosurgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg
| | - Thomas S Worst
- GeSRU Academics Prostate Cancer Working Group; Department of Urology and Urosurgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg
| | - Jost von Hardenberg
- GeSRU Academics Prostate Cancer Working Group; Department of Urology and Urosurgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg
| | - Johannes Linxweiler
- GeSRU Academics Prostate Cancer Working Group; Department of Urology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Niklas Klümper
- GeSRU Academics Prostate Cancer Working Group; Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
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Lim EA, Bendell JC, Falchook GS, Bauer TM, Drake CG, Choe JH, George DJ, Karlix JL, Ulahannan S, Sachsenmeier KF, Russell DL, Moorthy G, Sidders BS, Pilling EA, Chen H, Hattersley MM, Das M, Kumar R, Pouliot GP, Patel MR. Phase Ia/b, Open-Label, Multicenter Study of AZD4635 (an Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist) as Monotherapy or Combined with Durvalumab, in Patients with Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:4871-4884. [PMID: 36044531 PMCID: PMC9660540 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-0612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate AZD4635, an adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, as monotherapy or in combination with durvalumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS In phase Ia (dose escalation), patients had relapsed/refractory solid tumors; in phase Ib (dose expansion), patients had checkpoint inhibitor-naïve metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) or colorectal carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer with prior anti-PD-1/PD-L1 exposure, or other solid tumors (checkpoint-naïve or prior anti-PD-1/PD-L1 exposure). Patients received AZD4635 monotherapy (75-200 mg once daily or 125 mg twice daily) or in combination with durvalumab (AZD4635 75 or 100 mg once daily). The primary objective was safety; secondary objectives included antitumor activity and pharmacokinetics; exploratory objectives included evaluation of an adenosine gene signature in patients with mCRPC. RESULTS As of September 8, 2020, 250 patients were treated (AZD4635, n = 161; AZD4635+durvalumab, n = 89). In phase Ia, DLTs were observed with monotherapy (125 mg twice daily; n = 2) and with combination treatment (75 mg; n = 1) in patients receiving nanosuspension. The most common treatment-related adverse events included nausea, fatigue, vomiting, decreased appetite, dizziness, and diarrhea. The RP2D of the AZD4635 capsule formulation was 75 mg once daily, as monotherapy or in combination with durvalumab. The pharmacokinetic profile was dose-proportional, and exposure was adequate to cover target with 100 mg nanosuspension or 75 mg capsule once daily. In patients with mCRPC receiving monotherapy or combination treatment, tumor responses (2/39 and 6/37, respectively) and prostate-specific antigen responses (3/60 and 10/45, respectively) were observed. High versus low blood-based adenosine signature was associated with median progression-free survival of 21 weeks versus 8.7 weeks. CONCLUSIONS AZD4635 monotherapy or combination therapy was well tolerated. Objective responses support additional phase II combination studies in patients with mCRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emerson A. Lim
- Columbia University Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Corresponding Author: Emerson A. Lim, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, 9th Floor, New York, NY 10032. Phone: 212-305-5098; Fax: 212-305-6762; E-mail:
| | - Johanna C. Bendell
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Gerald S. Falchook
- Drug Development Unit, Sarah Cannon Research Institute at HealthONE, Denver, Colorado
| | - Todd M. Bauer
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Charles G. Drake
- Columbia University Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | - Susanna Ulahannan
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | | | | | - Ganesh Moorthy
- Clinical Pharmacology & Quantitative Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ben S. Sidders
- Oncology Biometrics R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom
| | | | - Huifang Chen
- Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Mayukh Das
- Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | | | - Manish R. Patel
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Florida Cancer Specialists, Sarasota, Florida
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Yanagisawa T, Kawada T, Rajwa P, Mostafaei H, Motlagh RS, Quhal F, Laukhtina E, König F, Pallauf M, Pradere B, Karakiewicz PI, Nyirady P, Kimura T, Egawa S, Shariat SF. Sequencing impact and prognostic factors in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with cabazitaxel: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Urol Oncol 2022; 41:177-191. [PMID: 35970698 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2022.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cabazitaxel is an effective treatment of post-docetaxel metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). We aimed to assess the sequencing impact and identify prognostic factors of oncologic outcomes in mCRPC patients treated with cabazitaxel. METHODS PUBMED, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for articles published before January 2022 according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses) statement. Studies were deemed eligible if they investigated pretreatment clinical or hematological prognostic factors of overall survival (OS) in mCRPC patients with progression after docetaxel treated with available treatments including cabazitaxel. RESULTS Overall, 22 studies were eligible for the meta-analysis. In mCRPC patients treated with docetaxel, subsequent treatment with cabazitaxel was associated with better OS compared to that without cabazitaxel (pooled hazard ratio [HR]: 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.56-0.89). Among the patients treated with cabazitaxel, several pretreatment clinical features and hematologic biomarkers were associated with worse OS as follows: poor performance status (PS) (pooled HR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.33-2.77), presence of visceral metastasis (pooled HR: 2.13, 95% CI: 1.62-2.81), symptomatic disease (pooled HR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.25-1.73), high PSA (pooled HR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.27-2.44), high alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (pooled HR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.28-1.65), high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (pooled HR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.00-2.38), high c-reactive protein (CRP) (pooled HR: 4.40, 95% CI: 1.52-12.72), low albumin (pooled HR:1.09, 95% CI: 1.05-1.12) and low hemoglobin (pooled HR:1.55, 95% CI: 1.20-1.99). CONCLUSIONS Sequential therapy with cabazitaxel significantly improves OS in post-docetaxel mCRPC patients. In mCRPC patients treated with cabazitaxel, patients with poor PS, visceral metastasis, and symptomatic disease were associated with worse OS. Further, pretreatment high PSA, ALP, LDH or CRP as well as low hemoglobin or albumin, were blood-based prognostic factors for OS. These findings might help guide the clinical decision-making for the use of cabazitaxel and prognostication of its OS benefit.
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Kazama H, Kawaguchi O, Seto T, Suzuki K, Matsuyama H, Matsubara N, Tajima Y, Fukao T. Comprehensive analysis of the associations between clinical factors and outcomes by machine learning, using post marketing surveillance data of cabazitaxel in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:470. [PMID: 35484517 PMCID: PMC9052565 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09509-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to evaluate relationships between clinical outcomes and explanatory variables by network clustering analysis using data from a post marketing surveillance (PMS) study of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients. METHODS The PMS was a prospective, multicenter, observational study of patients with metastatic, docetaxel-refractory CRPC treated with cabazitaxel in Japan after its launch in 2014. Graphical Markov (GM) model-based simulations and network clustering in 'R' package were conducted to identify correlations between clinical factors and outcomes. Factors shown to be associated with overall survival (OS) in the machine learning analysis were confirmed according to the clinical outcomes observed in the PMS. RESULTS Among the 660 patients analyzed, median patient age was 70.0 years, and median OS and time-to-treatment failure (TTF) were 319 and 116 days, respectively. In GM-based simulations, factors associated with OS were liver metastases, performance status (PS), TTF, and neutropenia (threshold 0.05), and liver metastases, PS, and TTF (threshold 0.01). Factors associated with TTF were OS and relative dose intensity (threshold 0.05), and OS (threshold 0.01). In network clustering in 'R' package, factors associated with OS were number of treatment cycles, discontinuation due to disease progression, and TTF (threshold 0.05), and liver and lung metastases, PS, discontinuation due to adverse events, and febrile neutropenia (threshold 0.01). Kaplan-Meier analysis of patient subgroups demonstrated that visceral metastases and poor PS at baseline were associated with worse OS, while neutropenia or febrile neutropenia and higher number of cabazitaxel cycles were associated with better OS. CONCLUSIONS Neutropenia may be a predictive factor for treatment efficacy in terms of survival. Poor PS and distant metastases to the liver and lungs were shown to be associated with worse outcomes, while factors related to treatment duration were shown to positively correlate with better OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Kazama
- Sanofi Specialty Care Medical Oncology, 3-20-2 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 163-1488, Japan
| | - Osamu Kawaguchi
- Sanofi Research and Development, 3-20-2 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 163-1488, Japan
| | - Takeshi Seto
- Sanofi Medical Affairs, 3-20-2 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 163-1488, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Suzuki
- Department of Urology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Hideyasu Matsuyama
- Department of Urology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Matsubara
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Yuki Tajima
- Sanofi Medical Affairs, 3-20-2 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 163-1488, Japan
| | - Taro Fukao
- Sanofi Global Oncology, 450 Water Street, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.
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Watson AS, Gagnon R, Batuyong E, Alimohamed N, Lee-Ying R. Real-world cabazitaxel use and outcomes in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer: the impact of response to first ARPI. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2022; 20:496.e1-496.e9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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9
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Pharmacoepidemiology for oncology clinical practice: Foundations, state of the art and perspectives. Therapie 2022; 77:229-240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.therap.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Jianfeng W, Yutao W, Jianbin B. TACR2 is associated with the immune microenvironment and inhibits migration and proliferation via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in prostate cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:415. [PMID: 34364377 PMCID: PMC8349497 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02126-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The tachykinin receptor 2 (TACR2) is encoded by the tachykinin receptor correlation gene. Recent microarray analysis for prostate cancer suggests that TACR2 expression is associated with clinical phenotype and disease-free survival among patients with prostate cancer. Results TACR2 protein levels were lower in prostate cancer tissues than in adjacent normal prostate tissue. TACR2 expression significantly correlated with clinical stage, Gleason scores, and survival outcomes. TACR2 expression positively correlated with mast cells and negatively correlated with M2 macrophages. Overexpression of TACR2 promoted the migration and proliferation of prostate cancer cells by regulating the Wnt signaling pathway. Conclusions The TACR2-Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is critical in prostate cancer. TACR2 may affect tumor cells’ occurrence and development by changing the content of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. These findings suggest that TACR2 may be a candidate molecular biomarker for prostate cancer therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02126-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Jianfeng
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Yutao
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Bi Jianbin
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Miyake H, Sato R, Watanabe K, Matsushita Y, Watanabe H, Motoyama D, Ito T, Sugiyama T, Otsuka A. Prognostic significance of third-line treatment for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: comparative assessments between cabazitaxel and other agents. Int J Clin Oncol 2021; 26:1745-1751. [PMID: 34255227 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-021-01956-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cabazitaxel has played an important role in the treatment of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC); however, several types of sequential therapy against mCRPC have been performed in routine clinical practice. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of third-line treatment on prognostic outcomes of mCRPC patients. METHODS This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical outcomes of 166 patients who received 3 agents following the diagnosis of mCRPC, consisting of 81 sequentially treated with either abiraterone or enzalutamide and then docetaxel, followed by third-line cabazitaxel (group A) and 85 treated with 3 agents, including abiraterone, enzalutamide, and docetaxel (group B). RESULTS There were no significant differences in major characteristics at the introduction of the third-line agent between these 2 groups. The proportion of patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) reduction > 50% by cabazitaxel in group A was significantly greater than that by either third-line agent in group B. Both PSA progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) following third-line therapy in group A were significantly longer than those in group B. Furthermore, OS after the diagnosis of mCRPC in group A was significantly longer than that in group B. Multivariate analysis identified independent predictors of favorable prognostic outcomes after third-line therapy as follows: high-performance status (PS), low PSA level and third-line cabazitaxel for PSA PFS, and high PS, low lactate dehydrogenase level and third-line cabazitaxel for OS. CONCLUSIONS The introduction of cabazitaxel as a third-line agent could markedly improve the prognostic outcomes of mCRPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Miyake
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-Ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan.
| | - Ryo Sato
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-Ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Kyohei Watanabe
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-Ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yuto Matsushita
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-Ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Watanabe
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-Ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Daisuke Motoyama
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-Ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Toshiki Ito
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-Ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sugiyama
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-Ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Atsushi Otsuka
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-Ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
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12
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Kreis K, Horenkamp-Sonntag D, Schneider U, Zeidler J, Glaeske G, Weissbach L. Safety and survival of docetaxel and cabazitaxel in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. BJU Int 2021; 129:470-479. [PMID: 34242474 DOI: 10.1111/bju.15542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate real-world haematological toxicity, overall survival (OS) and the treatment characteristics of docetaxel and cabazitaxel chemotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective claims data study followed patients with mCRPC receiving cabazitaxel or docetaxel from their first chemotherapy infusion. Haematological toxicities were measured using treatment codes and inpatient diagnoses. OS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. A multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to identify OS predictors. RESULTS Data from 539 patients administered docetaxel and 240 administered cabazitaxel were analysed. Regarding adverse events, within 8 months of treatment initiation, some kind of treatment for haematological toxicity was documented in 31% of patients given docetaxel and in 61% of patients given cabazitaxel. In the same period, hospitalization associated with haematological toxicity was documented in 11% of the patients in the docetaxel cohort and in 15% of the patients in the cabazitaxel cohort. In the docetaxel cohort, 9.9% of patients required reverse isolation and 13% were diagnosed with sepsis during hospitalization. In the cabazitaxel cohort, the cumulative incidence was 7.9% and 15%, respectively. The median OS was reached at 21.9 months in the docetaxel cohort and, because of a later line of therapy, at 11.3 months in the cabazitaxel cohort. A multivariate Cox regression revealed that indicators of locally advanced and metastatic disease, severe comorbidities, and prior hormonal/cytotoxic therapies were independent predictors of early death. CONCLUSION Cabazitaxel patients face an increased risk of haematological toxicities during treatment. Together with their short survival time, this calls for a strict indication when using cabazitaxel in patients with mCRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Kreis
- Center for Health Economics Research Hannover (CHERH), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Udo Schneider
- Techniker Krankenkasse, Versorgungsmanagement, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Zeidler
- Center for Health Economics Research Hannover (CHERH), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gerd Glaeske
- Forschungszentrum Ungleichheit und Sozialpolitik, Universität Bremen - SOCIUM, Bremen, Germany
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Grayson KA, Jyotsana N, Ortiz-Otero N, King MR. Overcoming TRAIL-resistance by sensitizing prostate cancer 3D spheroids with taxanes. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246733. [PMID: 33661931 PMCID: PMC7932526 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional spheroid cultures have been shown to better physiologically mimic the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions that occur in solid tumors more than traditional 2D cell cultures. One challenge in spheroid production is forming and maintaining spheroids of uniform size. Here, we developed uniform, high-throughput, multicellular spheroids that self-assemble using microwell plates. DU145 and PC3 cells were cultured as 2D monolayers and 3D spheroids to compare sensitization of TRAIL-resistance cancer cells to TRAIL mediated apoptosis via chemotherapy based on dimensionality. Monocultured monolayers and spheroids were treated with soluble TRAIL alone (24 hr), DTX or CBZ alone (24 hr), or a combination of taxane and TRAIL (24 + 24 hr) to determine the effectiveness of taxanes as TRAIL sensitizers. Upon treatment with soluble TRAIL or taxanes solely, monolayer cells and spheroids exhibited no significant reduction in cell viability compared to the control, indicating that both cell lines are resistant to TRAIL and taxane alone in 2D and 3D. Pretreatment with CBZ or DTX followed by TRAIL synergistically amplified apoptosis in 2D and 3D DU145 cell cultures. PC3 spheroids were more resistant to the combination therapy, displaying a more additive effect in the DTX + TRAIL group compared to 2D. There was a downregulation of DR4/5 expression in spheroid form compared to monolayers in each cell line. Additionally, normal fibroblasts (NFs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) were cocultured with both PCa cell lines as spheroids to determine if CAFs confer additional resistance to chemotherapy. We determined that co-cultured spheroids show similar drug resistance to monocultured spheroids when treated with taxane plus TRAIL treatment. Collectively, these findings suggest how the third dimension and cocultures of different cell types effect the sensitization of androgen-independent prostate cancer cells to TRAIL, suggesting therapeutic targets that could overcome TRAIL-resistance in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Korie A. Grayson
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Nidhi Jyotsana
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Nerymar Ortiz-Otero
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Michael R. King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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14
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Pobel C, Auclin E, Procureur A, Clément-Zhao A, Simonaggio A, Delanoy N, Vano YA, Thibault C, Oudard S. Cabazitaxel schedules in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a review. Future Oncol 2021; 17:91-102. [PMID: 33463373 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cabazitaxel (25 mg/m2 every 3 weeks) is the standard second-line chemotherapy for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer previously treated with docetaxel. It is associated with a risk of neutropenic complications, which may be a barrier to its use in daily clinical practice, particularly in frail elderly patients. Here the authors reviewed key studies conducted with cabazitaxel (TROPIC, PROSELICA, AFFINITY, CARD and the European compassionate use program) and pilot studies with adapted schedules. Based on this review, the use of prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor from cycle 1 appears crucial to maximize the benefit-risk ratio of cabazitaxel in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Preliminary data with alternative schedules look promising, especially for frail patients. Results of the ongoing Phase III CABASTY trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02961257) are awaited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric Pobel
- Department of Medical Oncology, European Hospital Georges Pompidou & University of Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Edouard Auclin
- Department of Medical Oncology, European Hospital Georges Pompidou & University of Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Adrien Procureur
- Department of Medical Oncology, European Hospital Georges Pompidou & University of Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Alice Clément-Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, European Hospital Georges Pompidou & University of Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Audrey Simonaggio
- Department of Medical Oncology, European Hospital Georges Pompidou & University of Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Nicolas Delanoy
- Department of Medical Oncology, European Hospital Georges Pompidou & University of Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Yann-Alexandre Vano
- Department of Medical Oncology, European Hospital Georges Pompidou & University of Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Constance Thibault
- Department of Medical Oncology, European Hospital Georges Pompidou & University of Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Stéphane Oudard
- Department of Medical Oncology, European Hospital Georges Pompidou & University of Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, Paris, 75015, France
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15
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Quality of Life and Pain During Treatment of Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer With Cabazitaxel In Routine Clinical Practice. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2020; 18:e510-e516. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Takai M, Kato S, Nakano M, Fujimoto S, Iinuma K, Ishida T, Taniguchi M, Tamaki M, Uno M, Takahashi Y, Komeda H, Koie T. Efficacy of cabazitaxel and the influence of clinical factors on the overall survival of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer: A local experience of a multicenter retrospective study. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2020; 17:238-244. [PMID: 32970933 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM To date, the optimal sequencing of life-prolonging therapies for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains unclear owing to a lack of prospective trials. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cabazitaxel (CBZ) treatment and examine the prognostic factors for oncological outcomes in patients with mCRPC who received CBZ after docetaxel (DOC). METHODS This multi-institutional retrospective study included 44 patients with mCRPC who received CBZ. All enrolled patients had histologically confirmed prostate cancer (PCa) with distant metastases and had received DOC before CBZ administration. The primary endpoint was the oncological outcomes, including the overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints were adverse events due to CBZ and rates of ≥30% reduction in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. RESULTS The median follow-up period was 9.2 months (range, 0.2-34 months). During this time, 34 patients (77%) died of PCa. The median OS and PFS were 12.2 (range, 0.2-34 months) and 1.4 months (range, 0.4-17 months), respectively. According to the PSA decline rate, patients who achieved a ≥30% reduction in PSA levels had significantly longer OS than those who showed a <30% reduction in PSA levels (P = 0.002). Regarding the number of cycles of CBZ, patients who received ≥4 cycles of CBZ showed significantly longer OS than those who received <4 cycles of CBZ (P < 0.001). Patients who had visceral metastasis showed significantly shorter OS than those without visceral metastasis (P = 0.012). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that CBZ was effective and safe in Japanese local patients in a real-world setting. Patients with mCRPC who received ≥4 cycles of CBZ showed a ≥30% reduction in the serum PSA levels, and did not have visceral metastasis might achieve longer OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Takai
- Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Seiichi Kato
- Department of Urology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakano
- Department of Urology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shota Fujimoto
- Department of Urology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Koji Iinuma
- Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takashi Ishida
- Department of Urology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | | | | | - Masahiro Uno
- Department of Urology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Yoshito Takahashi
- Department of Urology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hisao Komeda
- Department of Urology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takuya Koie
- Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
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Choi PJ, Park TI, Cooper E, Dragunow M, Denny WA, Jose J. Heptamethine Cyanine Dye Mediated Drug Delivery: Hype or Hope. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:1724-1739. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Choi
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Thomas I−H. Park
- Department of Pharmacology & The Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Neurosurgical Research Unit, The Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Private Bag
92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Elizabeth Cooper
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Department of Pharmacology & The Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Neurosurgical Research Unit, The Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Private Bag
92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Mike Dragunow
- Department of Pharmacology & The Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Neurosurgical Research Unit, The Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Private Bag
92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - William A. Denny
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jiney Jose
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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18
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Moussa M, Papatsoris A, Abou Chakra M, Sryropoulou D, Dellis A. Pharmacotherapeutic strategies for castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2020; 21:1431-1448. [PMID: 32469248 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2020.1767069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a potentially symptomatic disease with an eventual lethal outcome. Novel pharmaceutical agents are continuously studied with encouraging results in CRPC. AREAS COVERED In this perspective, the authors present established and promising pharmacotherapeutic strategies for the management of CRPC; both with and without metastases. Apart from the different treatment strategies, the authors present the relevant sequence of treatment through disease progression. EXPERT OPINION Usually, docetaxel should be considered the first line treatment in mCRPC. Abiraterone acetate (AA) plus prednisone or enzalutamide (ENZ) could be alternative treatments in chemotherapy naïve patients. Sipuleucel-T has been approved for the treatment of asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic mCRPC. Ra-223 has been approved for patients with mCRPC with symptomatic bone metastases (not visceral metastases). Cabazitaxel has been approved as the second line treatment to docetaxel in mCRPC. No differences in the overall survival has been observed between sequences starting with docetaxel versus AA/ENZ. Between AA-to-ENZ and ENZ-to-AA sequence, the AA-to-ENZ sequence appeared to be more favorable than the ENZ-to-AA regarding progression-free survival but not overall survival. Carbazitaxel seemed to retain its activity regardless of the treatment sequence. Of note, ENZ and apalutamide have been approved in non-metastatic CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Moussa
- Department of Urology, Al Zahraa Hospital, University Medical Center, Lebanese University , Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Athanasios Papatsoris
- 2nd Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Sismanoglio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece
| | - Mohamed Abou Chakra
- Department of Urology, Al Zahraa Hospital, University Medical Center, Lebanese University , Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Athanasios Dellis
- 2nd Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Sismanoglio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens
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Barreca M, Stathis A, Barraja P, Bertoni F. An overview on anti-tubulin agents for the treatment of lymphoma patients. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 211:107552. [PMID: 32305312 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Anti-tubulin agents constitute a large class of compounds with broad activity both in solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, due to the interference with microtubule dynamics. Since microtubules play crucial roles in the regulation of the mitotic spindles, the interference with their function usually leads to a block in cell division with arrest at the metaphase/anaphase junction of mitosis, followed to apoptosis. This explains the reason why tubulin-binding agents (TBAs) proved to be extremely active in patients with cancer. Several anti-tubulin agents are indicated in the treatment of patients with lymphomas both alone and in combination chemotherapy regimens. The article reviews the literature on classic and more recent anti-tubulin agents, providing an insight into their mechanisms of action and their use in the treatment of lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilia Barreca
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Anastasios Stathis
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland,; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Paola Barraja
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland,; Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland,.
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