1
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Chang CW, Chen IY, Fittschen C, Luo PL. Measurements of absolute line strength of the ν1 fundamental transitions of OH radical and rate coefficient of the reaction OH + H2O2 with mid-infrared two-color time-resolved dual-comb spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:184203. [PMID: 37962448 DOI: 10.1063/5.0176311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Absolute line strengths of several transitions in the ν1 fundamental band of the hydroxyl radical (OH) have been measured by simultaneous determination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and OH upon laser photolysis of H2O2. Based on the well-known quantum yield for the generation of OH radicals in the 248-nm photolysis of H2O2, the line strength of the OH radicals can be accurately derived by adopting the line strength of the well-characterized transitions of H2O2 and analyzing the difference absorbance time traces of H2O2 and OH obtained upon laser photolysis. Employing a synchronized two-color dual-comb spectrometer, we measured high-resolution time-resolved absorption spectra of H2O2 near 7.9 µm and the OH radical near 2.9 µm, simultaneously, under varied conditions. In addition to the studies of the line strengths of the selected H2O2 and OH transitions, the kinetics of the reaction between OH and H2O2 were investigated. A pressure-independent rate coefficient kOH+H2O2 was determined to be [1.97 (+0.10/-0.15)] × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 at 296 K and compared with other experimental results. By carefully analyzing both high-resolution spectra and temporal absorbance profiles of H2O2 and OH, the uncertainty of the obtained OH line strengths can be achieved down to <10% in this work. Moreover, the proposed two-color time-resolved dual-comb spectroscopy provides a new approach for directly determining the line strengths of transient free radicals and holds promise for investigations on their self-reaction kinetics as well as radical-radical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Wei Chang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
| | - I-Yun Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
| | - Christa Fittschen
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8522, PC2A-Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l'Atmosphère, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Pei-Ling Luo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
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2
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Zhang C, Li C, Zhang W, Tang X, Pillier L, Schoemaecker C, Fittschen C. Rate constant and branching ratio of the reaction of ethyl peroxy radicals with methyl peroxy radicals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 37377107 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01141k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The cross-reaction of ethyl peroxy radicals (C2H5O2) with methyl peroxy radicals (CH3O2) (R1) has been studied using laser photolysis coupled to time resolved detection of the two different peroxy radicals by continuous wave cavity ring down spectroscopy (cw-CRDS) in their AÃ-X̃ electronic transition in the near-infrared region, C2H5O2 at 7602.25 cm-1, and CH3O2 at 7488.13 cm-1. This detection scheme is not completely selective for both radicals, but it is demonstrated that it has great advantages compared to the widely used, but unselective UV absorption spectroscopy. Peroxy radicals were generated from the reaction of Cl-atoms with the appropriate hydrocarbon (CH4 and C2H6) in the presence of O2, whereby Cl-atoms were generated by 351 nm photolysis of Cl2. For different reasons detailed in the manuscript, all experiments were carried out under excess of C2H5O2 over CH3O2. The experimental results were best reproduced by an appropriate chemical model with a rate constant for the cross-reaction of k = (3.8 ± 1.0) × 10-13 cm3 s-1 and a yield for the radical channel, leading to CH3O and C2H5O, of (ϕ1a = 0.40 ± 0.20).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuihong Zhang
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
- Science Island Branch, Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
- Université Lille, CNRS, UMR 8522-PC2A-Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l'Atmosphère, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Chuanliang Li
- Université Lille, CNRS, UMR 8522-PC2A-Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l'Atmosphère, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement and Online Detection Equipment and School of Applied Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tang
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Laure Pillier
- Université Lille, CNRS, UMR 8522-PC2A-Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l'Atmosphère, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Coralie Schoemaecker
- Université Lille, CNRS, UMR 8522-PC2A-Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l'Atmosphère, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Christa Fittschen
- Université Lille, CNRS, UMR 8522-PC2A-Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l'Atmosphère, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Cho J, Mulvihill CR, Klippenstein SJ, Sivaramakrishnan R. Bimolecular Peroxy Radical (RO 2) Reactions and Their Relevance in Radical Initiated Oxidation of Hydrocarbons. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:300-315. [PMID: 36562763 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c06960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of peroxy radical (RO2) reactions have been of long-standing interest in atmospheric and combustion chemistry. Nevertheless, the lack of kinetic studies at higher temperatures for their reactions with other radicals such as OH has precluded the inclusion of this class of reactions in detailed kinetics models developed for combustion applications. In this work, guided by the limited room-temperature experimental studies on selected alkyl-peroxy radicals and literature theoretical kinetics on the prototypical CH3O2 + OH system, we have performed parametric studies on the effect of uncertainties in the rate coefficients and branching ratios to potential product channels for RO2 + OH reactions at higher temperatures. Literature kinetics models were used to simulate autoignition delays, laminar flame speeds, and speciation profiles in flow and stirred reactors for a variety of common combustion-relevant fuels. Inclusion of RO2 + OH reactions was found to retard autoignition in fuel-lean (φ = 0.5) mixtures of ethane and dimethyl ether in air. The observed effects were noticeably more pronounced in ozone-enriched combustion of ethane and dimethyl ether. The simulations also examined the influence of ozone doping levels, pressures, and equivalence ratios for both ethane and dimethyl ether oxidation. Sensitivity and flux analyses revealed that the RO2 + OH reaction is a significant sink of RO2 radicals at the early stage of autoignition, affecting fuel oxidation through RO2 ↔ QOOH, RO2 ↔ alkene + HO2, or RO2 + HO2 ↔ ROOH + O2. Additionally, the kinetic stability of the trioxide formed from RO2 + OH reactions was investigated using master equation analyses. Last, we discuss other bimolecular reactions that are missing in literature kinetics models but are relevant to hydrocarbon oxidation initiated by external radical sources (plasma-enhanced, ozone-enriched combustion, etc.). The present simulations provide a strong motivation for better characterizing the bimolecular kinetics of peroxy radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyoung Cho
- Chemical Sciences & Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Clayton R Mulvihill
- Chemical Sciences & Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Stephen J Klippenstein
- Chemical Sciences & Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Raghu Sivaramakrishnan
- Chemical Sciences & Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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4
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Smith Lewin C, Herbinet O, Battin-Leclerc F, Bourgalais J. Ozone-assisted oxidation of ethylene in a jet-stirred reactor: An experimental and modeling study. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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5
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Berndt T, Chen J, Kjærgaard ER, Møller KH, Tilgner A, Hoffmann EH, Herrmann H, Crounse JD, Wennberg PO, Kjaergaard HG. Hydrotrioxide (ROOOH) formation in the atmosphere. Science 2022; 376:979-982. [PMID: 35617402 DOI: 10.1126/science.abn6012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic hydrotrioxides (ROOOH) are known to be strong oxidants used in organic synthesis. Previously, it has been speculated that they are formed in the atmosphere through the gas-phase reaction of organic peroxy radicals (RO2) with hydroxyl radicals (OH). Here, we report direct observation of ROOOH formation from several atmospherically relevant RO2 radicals. Kinetic analysis confirmed rapid RO2 + OH reactions forming ROOOH, with rate coefficients close to the collision limit. For the OH-initiated degradation of isoprene, global modeling predicts molar hydrotrioxide formation yields of up to 1%, which represents an annual ROOOH formation of about 10 million metric tons. The atmospheric lifetime of ROOOH is estimated to be minutes to hours. Hydrotrioxides represent a previously omitted substance class in the atmosphere, the impact of which needs to be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Berndt
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Eva R Kjærgaard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Kristian H Møller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Andreas Tilgner
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Erik H Hoffmann
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hartmut Herrmann
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - John D Crounse
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Paul O Wennberg
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.,Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Henrik G Kjaergaard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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6
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Watson PD, McKinley AJ, Wild DA. Photoelectron Spectroscopy and High-Level Ab Initio Calculations of the Iodide-Methylperoxy Radical Complex. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:3072-3079. [PMID: 35549219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Anion photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to investigate the structure and dynamics of CH3OOI- van der Waals complexes. Peaks within the photoelectron spectrum are attributed to photodetachment to the perturbed 2P3/2 state of I···CH3OO (3.46 eV) and the two 2P states of bare iodine. A broad feature at 1.7-2.4 eV is attributed to detachment to the excited singlet states from two O2-···CH3I complexes. This represents the first anion photoelectron spectroscopy of a halide-bound methylperoxy radical species. Complex structures have been optimized using MP2/aug-cc-pVQZ with single-point energies at W1w theory for ground-state complexes and NEVPT2 for photodetachment to excited O2. Interactions are dominated by electrostatics, with the anion species interacting with the methyl pocket of the solvating molecule, suggesting conversion via an SN2 mechanism, and excess energy leading to complex dissociation within the timescale of mass spectrometry. The calculated W1w Gibbs energies suggest that while an electron transfer (ET) pathway to conversion is available, it is comparatively unfavored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Watson
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Allan J McKinley
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Duncan A Wild
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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7
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Rösch D, Almeida R, Sztáray B, Osborn DL. High-Resolution Double Velocity Map Imaging Photoelectron Photoion Coincidence Spectrometer for Gas-Phase Reaction Kinetics. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:1761-1774. [PMID: 35258948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c10293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We present a new photoelectron photoion coincidence (PEPICO) spectrometer that combines high mass resolution of cations with independently adjustable velocity map imaging of both cations and electrons. We photoionize atoms and molecules using fixed-frequency vacuum ultraviolet radiation. Mass-resolved photoelectron spectra associated with each cation's mass-to-charge ratio can be obtained by inversion of the photoelectron image. The mass-resolved photoelectron spectra enable kinetic time-resolved probing of chemical reactions with isomeric resolution using fixed-frequency radiation sources amenable to small laboratory settings. The instrument accommodates a variety of sample delivery sources to explore a broad range of physical chemistry. To demonstrate the time-resolved capabilities of the instrument, we study the 193 nm photodissociation of SO2 via the C̃(1B2) ← X̃(1A1) transition. In addition to the well-documented O(3Pj) + SO(3Σ-) channel, we observe direct evidence for a small yield of S(3Pj) + O2(3Σg-) as a primary photodissociation product channel, which may impact sulfur mass-independent fractionation chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rösch
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Mail Stop 9055, Livermore, California 94551-0969, United States
| | - Raybel Almeida
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Mail Stop 9055, Livermore, California 94551-0969, United States
| | - Bálint Sztáray
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California 95211, United States
| | - David L Osborn
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Mail Stop 9055, Livermore, California 94551-0969, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
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8
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Nguyen TL, Perera A, Peeters J. High-accuracy first-principles-based rate coefficients for the reaction of OH and CH 3OOH. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:26684-26691. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03919b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The ˙OH-initiated oxidation of methyl hydroperoxide was theoretically characterized using high-accuracy composite amHEAT-345(Q) coupled-cluster calculations followed by a two-dimensional E,J resolved master equation analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Lam Nguyen
- Quantum Theory Project, Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Ajith Perera
- Quantum Theory Project, Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Jozef Peeters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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9
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Klippenstein SJ. Spiers Memorial Lecture: theory of unimolecular reactions. Faraday Discuss 2022; 238:11-67. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00125j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One hundred years ago, at an earlier Faraday Discussion meeting, Lindemann presented a mechanism that provides the foundation for contemplating the pressure dependence of unimolecular reactions. Since that time, our...
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10
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Cai M, An C, Guy C, Lu C, Mafakheri F. Assessing the regional biogenic methanol emission from spring wheat during the growing season: A Canadian case study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117602. [PMID: 34182392 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As a volatile organic compound existing in the atmosphere, methanol plays a key role in atmospheric chemistry due to its comparatively high abundance and long lifetime. Croplands are a significant source of biogenic methanol, but there is a lack of systematic assessment for the production and emission of methanol from crops in various phases. In this study, methanol emissions from spring wheat during the growing period were estimated using a developed emission model. The temporal and spatial variations of methanol emissions of spring wheat in a Canadian province were investigated. The averaged methanol emission of spring wheat is found to be 37.94 ± 7.5 μg·m-2·h-1, increasing from north to south and exhibiting phenological peak to valley characteristics. Moreover, cold crop districts are projected to be with higher increase in air temperature and consequent methanol emissions during 2020-2099. Furthermore, the seasonality of methanol emissions is found to be positively correlated to concentrations of CO, filterable particulate matter, and PM10 but negatively related to NO2 and O3. The uncertainty and sensitivity analysis results suggest that methanol emissions show a Gamma probabilistic distribution, and growth length, air temperature, solar radiation and leafage are the most important influencing variables. In most cases, methanol emissions increase with air temperature in the range of 3-35 °C while the excessive temperature may result in decreased methanol emissions because of inactivated enzyme activity or increased instant methanol emissions due to heat injury. Notably, induced emission might be the major source of biogenic methanol of mature leaves. The results of this study can be used to develop appropriate strategies for regional emission management of cropping systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfan Cai
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Chunjiang An
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada.
| | - Christophe Guy
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Chen Lu
- Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Fereshteh Mafakheri
- Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1M8, Canada
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11
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Simultaneous determination of transient free radicals and reaction kinetics by high-resolution time-resolved dual-comb spectroscopy. Commun Chem 2020; 3:95. [PMID: 36703338 PMCID: PMC9814257 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-020-00353-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative determination of multiple transient species is critical in investigating reaction mechanisms and kinetics under various conditions. Dual-comb spectroscopy, a comb-laser-based multi-heterodyne interferometric technique that enables simultaneous achievement of broadband, high-resolution, and rapid spectral acquisition, opens a new era of time-resolved spectroscopic measurements. Employing an electro-optic dual-comb spectrometer with central wavelength near 3 µm coupled with a Herriott multipass absorption cell, here we demonstrate simultaneous determination of multiple species, including methanol, formaldehyde, HO2 and OH radicals, and investigate the reaction kinetics. In addition to quantitative spectral analyses of high-resolution and tens of microsecond time-resolved spectra recorded upon flash photolysis of precursor mixtures, we determine a rate coefficient of the HO2 + NO reaction by directly detecting both HO2 and OH radicals. Our approach exhibits potential in discovering reactive intermediates and exploring complex reaction mechanisms, especially those of radical-radical reactions.
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12
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Water Catalysis of the Reaction of Methanol with OH Radical in the Atmosphere is Negligible. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Wu J, Gao LG, Varga Z, Xu X, Ren W, Truhlar DG. Water Catalysis of the Reaction of Methanol with OH Radical in the Atmosphere is Negligible. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:10826-10830. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering & Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Lu Gem Gao
- Center for Combustion Energy Department of Energy and Power Engineering Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Zoltan Varga
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center and Supercomputing Institute University of Minnesota Minneapolis USA
| | - Xuefei Xu
- Center for Combustion Energy Department of Energy and Power Engineering Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering & Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center and Supercomputing Institute University of Minnesota Minneapolis USA
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14
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Wen Z, Tang X, Fittschen C, Zhang C, Wang T, Wang C, Gu X, Zhang W. Online analysis of gas-phase radical reactions using vacuum ultraviolet lamp photoionization and time-of-flight mass spectrometry. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:043201. [PMID: 32357716 DOI: 10.1063/1.5135387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A home-made vacuum ultraviolet photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer has been developed and coupled to an atmospheric simulation chamber operated at atmospheric pressure and to a fast flow tube at low pressure (1-10 Torr). Gas sampling from the simulation chamber is realized directly via a capillary effusive beam, and sampling from the flow tube is via a continuous molecular beam inlet. Both devices are connected simultaneously to the ionization chamber of the mass spectrometer and can be switched in-between within minutes to study gas-phase radical reactions of atmospheric interest in a large range of reaction conditions and reaction times (from milliseconds in the flow tube to hours in the simulation chamber). A cage-shaped photoionization source combined with a commercial 10.6 eV krypton lamp has been developed to provide a high ion collection efficiency along the long light path in the cage. This way, a multiplexed detection with high sensitivity down to the sub-parts per billion volume concentration range, e.g., a limit of detection of 0.3 ppbv with an accumulation time of 60 s for benzene and 1.3 ppbv for the methyl radical, is obtained. The performance and suitability of the setup are illustrated by the study of the chlorine-initiated oxidation reaction of toluene in the atmospheric simulation chamber and in the fast flow tube. Stable products and reactive intermediates have been well-determined and their reaction dynamics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoying Wen
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 Anhui, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tang
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 Anhui, China
| | - Christa Fittschen
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8522, PC2A - Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l'Atmosphère, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Cuihong Zhang
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 Anhui, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 Anhui, China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 Anhui, China
| | - Xuejun Gu
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 Anhui, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 Anhui, China
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15
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Weber I, Bouzidi H, Krumm B, Schoemaecker C, Tomas A, Fittschen C. Water does not catalyze the reaction of OH radicals with ethanol. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:7165-7168. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00467g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
H2O2 as an OH precursor in simulation chambers induces an increase in the apparent rate constant with an increase in the humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Weber
- Univ. Lille
- CNRS
- UMR 8522 – PC2A – Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l’Atmosphère
- F-59000 Lille
- France
| | - Hichem Bouzidi
- IMT Lille Douai
- Univ. Lille
- SAGE – Sciences de l’Atmosphère et Génie de l’Environnement
- 59500 Lille
- France
| | - Bianca Krumm
- Univ. Lille
- CNRS
- UMR 8522 – PC2A – Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l’Atmosphère
- F-59000 Lille
- France
| | - Coralie Schoemaecker
- Univ. Lille
- CNRS
- UMR 8522 – PC2A – Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l’Atmosphère
- F-59000 Lille
- France
| | - Alexandre Tomas
- IMT Lille Douai
- Univ. Lille
- SAGE – Sciences de l’Atmosphère et Génie de l’Environnement
- 59500 Lille
- France
| | - Christa Fittschen
- Univ. Lille
- CNRS
- UMR 8522 – PC2A – Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l’Atmosphère
- F-59000 Lille
- France
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16
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Yan C, Krasnoperov LN. Pressure-Dependent Kinetics of the Reaction between CH3O2 and OH: TRIOX Formation. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:8349-8357. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b03861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yan
- Department of Mechanical Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Lev N. Krasnoperov
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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17
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Zhang F, Huang C. Pressure-Dependent Kinetics of the Reaction between CH 3OO and OH Focusing on the Product Yield of Methyltrioxide (CH 3OOOH). J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:3598-3603. [PMID: 31192603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The reaction kinetics of methyl peroxy radical (CH3OO) and hydroxyl radical (OH) has attracted an increasing level of interest in the past decade, while the branching yields of various product channels are still under debate. In this work, a comprehensive theoretical effort was made to investigate the branching yield of the stabilized methyltrioxide (CH3OOOH, TRIOX) adduct, which has recently been a research focus. Our computed branching ratio of TRIOX at 298 K and 760 Torr is ∼0.04, in agreement with the result of multiplexed photoionization mass spectrometry. We show that the large branching yield obtained in an early theoretical study mainly originated from the collision-induced strong stabilization presented in their simulation. Our findings clarify the controversial product yield results for this important species in recent studies. The computed rate constants over wide temperature and pressure ranges allow better integration of this reaction into global atmospheric models and low-temperature combustion kinetic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230029 , P. R. China
| | - Can Huang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230029 , P. R. China
- Center for Combustion Energy and Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of MOE , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , P. R. China
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18
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Chen X, Millet DB, Singh HB, Wisthaler A, Apel EC, Atlas EL, Blake DR, Bourgeois I, Brown SS, Crounse JD, de Gouw JA, Flocke FM, Fried A, Heikes BG, Hornbrook RS, Mikoviny T, Min KE, Müller M, Neuman JA, O'Sullivan DW, Peischl J, Pfister GG, Richter D, Roberts JM, Ryerson TB, Shertz SR, Thompson CR, Treadaway V, Veres PR, Walega J, Warneke C, Washenfelder RA, Weibring P, Yuan B. On the sources and sinks of atmospheric VOCs: an integrated analysis of recent aircraft campaigns over North America. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 2019; 19:9097-9123. [PMID: 33688334 PMCID: PMC7939023 DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-9097-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We apply a high-resolution chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem CTM) with updated treatment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and a comprehensive suite of airborne datasets over North America to (i) characterize the VOC budget and (ii) test the ability of current models to capture the distribution and reactivity of atmospheric VOCs over this region. Biogenic emissions dominate the North American VOC budget in the model, accounting for 70 % and 95 % of annually emitted VOC carbon and reactivity, respectively. Based on current inventories anthropogenic emissions have declined to the point where biogenic emissions are the dominant summertime source of VOC reactivity even in most major North American cities. Methane oxidation is a 2x larger source of nonmethane VOCs (via production of formaldehyde and methyl hydroperoxide) over North America in the model than are anthropogenic emissions. However, anthropogenic VOCs account for over half of the ambient VOC loading over the majority of the region owing to their longer aggregate lifetime. Fires can be a significant VOC source episodically but are small on average. In the planetary boundary layer (PBL), the model exhibits skill in capturing observed variability in total VOC abundance (R 2 = 0:36) and reactivity (R 2 = 0:54). The same is not true in the free troposphere (FT), where skill is low and there is a persistent low model bias (~ 60 %), with most (27 of 34) model VOCs underestimated by more than a factor of 2. A comparison of PBL: FT concentration ratios over the southeastern US points to a misrepresentation of PBL ventilation as a contributor to these model FT biases. We also find that a relatively small number of VOCs (acetone, methanol, ethane, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, isoprene C oxidation products, methyl hydroperoxide) drive a large fraction of total ambient VOC reactivity and associated model biases; research to improve understanding of their budgets is thus warranted. A source tracer analysis suggests a current overestimate of biogenic sources for hydroxyacetone, methyl ethyl ketone and glyoxal, an underestimate of biogenic formic acid sources, and an underestimate of peroxyacetic acid production across biogenic and anthropogenic precursors. Future work to improve model representations of vertical transport and to address the VOC biases discussed are needed to advance predictions of ozone and SOA formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis-Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Dylan B. Millet
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis-Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | | | - Armin Wisthaler
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eric C. Apel
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Elliot L. Atlas
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Donald R. Blake
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ilann Bourgeois
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Steven S. Brown
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - John D. Crounse
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Joost A. de Gouw
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Frank M. Flocke
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Alan Fried
- Institute of Arctic & Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Brian G. Heikes
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - Rebecca S. Hornbrook
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Tomas Mikoviny
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kyung-Eun Min
- School of Earth Science and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Markus Müller
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J. Andrew Neuman
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Jeff Peischl
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Gabriele G. Pfister
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Dirk Richter
- Institute of Arctic & Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - James M. Roberts
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Thomas B. Ryerson
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Stephen R. Shertz
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Chelsea R. Thompson
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Victoria Treadaway
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - Patrick R. Veres
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - James Walega
- Institute of Arctic & Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Carsten Warneke
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Petter Weibring
- Institute of Arctic & Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Bin Yuan
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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20
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Iyer S, Rissanen MP, Kurtén T. Reaction between Peroxy and Alkoxy Radicals Can Form Stable Adducts. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:2051-2057. [PMID: 30958011 PMCID: PMC6727596 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Peroxy (RO2) and alkoxy (RO) radicals are prototypical intermediates in any hydrocarbon oxidation. In this work, we use computational methods to (1) study the mechanism and kinetics of the RO2 + OH reaction for previously unexplored "R" structures (R = CH(O)CH2 and R = CH3C(O)) and (2) investigate a hitherto unaccounted channel of molecular growth, R'O2 + RO. On the singlet surface, these reactions rapidly form ROOOH and R'OOOR adducts, respectively. The former decomposes to RO + HO2 and R(O)OH + O2 products, while the main decomposition channel for the latter is back to the reactant radicals. Decomposition rates of R'OOOR adducts varied between 103 and 0.015 s-1 at 298 K and 1 atm. The most long-lived R'OOOR adducts likely account for some fraction of the elemental compositions detected in the atmosphere that are commonly assigned to stable covalently bound dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Iyer
- Department of Chemistry and Institute
for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti P. Rissanen
- Aerosol
Physics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere
University, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
- Department
of Physics and Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research
(INAR), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Theo Kurtén
- Department of Chemistry and Institute
for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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21
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Chao W, Jr‐Min Lin J, Takahashi K, Tomas A, Yu L, Kajii Y, Batut S, Schoemaecker C, Fittschen C. Water Vapor Does Not Catalyze the Reaction between Methanol and OH Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5013-5017. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201900711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chao
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular SciencesAcademia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Jim Jr‐Min Lin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular SciencesAcademia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Kaito Takahashi
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular SciencesAcademia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Alexandre Tomas
- Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement SAGEIMT Lille Douai 941 Rue Charles Bourseul 59508 Douai France
| | - Lu Yu
- Atmospheric ChemistryDepartment of Natural SourcesUniversity of Kyoto Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Yoshizumi Kajii
- Atmospheric ChemistryDepartment of Natural SourcesUniversity of Kyoto Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Sébastien Batut
- Physical Chemistry of Combustion and Atmospheric ProcessesUniversity Lille/ CNRS UMR 8522 Cité Scientifique, Bât. C11 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | - Coralie Schoemaecker
- Physical Chemistry of Combustion and Atmospheric ProcessesUniversity Lille/ CNRS UMR 8522 Cité Scientifique, Bât. C11 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | - Christa Fittschen
- Physical Chemistry of Combustion and Atmospheric ProcessesUniversity Lille/ CNRS UMR 8522 Cité Scientifique, Bât. C11 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
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22
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Chao W, Jr‐Min Lin J, Takahashi K, Tomas A, Yu L, Kajii Y, Batut S, Schoemaecker C, Fittschen C. Water Vapor Does Not Catalyze the Reaction between Methanol and OH Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201900711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chao
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular SciencesAcademia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Jim Jr‐Min Lin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular SciencesAcademia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Kaito Takahashi
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular SciencesAcademia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Alexandre Tomas
- Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement SAGEIMT Lille Douai 941 Rue Charles Bourseul 59508 Douai France
| | - Lu Yu
- Atmospheric ChemistryDepartment of Natural SourcesUniversity of Kyoto Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Yoshizumi Kajii
- Atmospheric ChemistryDepartment of Natural SourcesUniversity of Kyoto Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Sébastien Batut
- Physical Chemistry of Combustion and Atmospheric ProcessesUniversity Lille/ CNRS UMR 8522 Cité Scientifique, Bât. C11 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | - Coralie Schoemaecker
- Physical Chemistry of Combustion and Atmospheric ProcessesUniversity Lille/ CNRS UMR 8522 Cité Scientifique, Bât. C11 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | - Christa Fittschen
- Physical Chemistry of Combustion and Atmospheric ProcessesUniversity Lille/ CNRS UMR 8522 Cité Scientifique, Bât. C11 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
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23
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Long B, Bao JL, Truhlar DG. Kinetics of the Strongly Correlated CH3O + O2 Reaction: The Importance of Quadruple Excitations in Atmospheric and Combustion Chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:611-617. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Long
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Junwei Lucas Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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24
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Assaf E, Schoemaecker C, Vereecken L, Fittschen C. Experimental and theoretical investigation of the reaction of RO2radicals with OH radicals: Dependence of the HO2yield on the size of the alkyl group. INT J CHEM KINET 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Assaf
- Université Lille; CNRS; UMR 8522, PC2A - Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l'Atmosphère; Lille France
| | - Coralie Schoemaecker
- Université Lille; CNRS; UMR 8522, PC2A - Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l'Atmosphère; Lille France
| | - Luc Vereecken
- Institut für Energie und Klimaforschung; Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH; Jülich Germany
| | - Christa Fittschen
- Université Lille; CNRS; UMR 8522, PC2A - Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l'Atmosphère; Lille France
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