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Yang C, Yang Z, Zhang W, Chen A, Li Y. Catalysts for C-N coupling in urea electrosynthesis under ambient conditions from carbon dioxide and nitrogenous species. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5666-5682. [PMID: 38742398 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00981a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Urea is an indispensable nitrogen-containing organic compound in modern human life. However, the current industrial synthesis of urea involves ammonia, which is produced through the Haber-Bosch process under harsh reaction conditions, causing huge energy consumption and heavy environmental pollution. Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogenous species (N2, NOx- and NO) have achieved significant progress, offering a promising approach for the electrochemical C-N coupling to produce urea under ambient conditions. Urea synthesis driven by renewable electricity represents a suitable alternative to the traditional process, contributing to the goal of carbon neutrality and nitrogen cycles. However, challenges such as low yield rate, poor selectivity and unveiled reaction mechanisms still need to be addressed. This review provides a summary of the latest catalysts utilized in urea electrosynthesis, aiming to provide guidance and prospects for the development of high-performance catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqi Yang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ziyan Yang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenxuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Aiping Chen
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuhang Li
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Jiang M, Wang H, Zhu M, Luo X, He Y, Wang M, Wu C, Zhang L, Li X, Liao X, Jiang Z, Jin Z. Review on strategies for improving the added value and expanding the scope of CO 2 electroreduction products. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:5149-5189. [PMID: 38566609 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00857f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The electrochemical reduction of CO2 into value-added chemicals has been explored as a promising solution to realize carbon neutrality and inhibit global warming. This involves utilizing the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to produce a variety of single-carbon (C1) and multi-carbon (C2+) products. Additionally, the electrolyte solution in the CO2RR system can be enriched with nitrogen sources (such as NO3-, NO2-, N2, or NO) to enable the synthesis of organonitrogen compounds via C-N coupling reactions. However, the electrochemical conversion of CO2 into valuable chemicals still faces challenges in terms of low product yield, poor faradaic efficiency (FE), and unclear understanding of the reaction mechanism. This review summarizes the promising strategies aimed at achieving selective production of diverse carbon-containing products, including CO, formate, hydrocarbons, alcohols, and organonitrogen compounds. These approaches involve the rational design of electrocatalysts and the construction of coupled electrocatalytic reaction systems. Moreover, this review presents the underlying reaction mechanisms, identifies the existing challenges, and highlights the prospects of the electrosynthesis processes. The aim is to offer valuable insights and guidance for future research on the electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 into carbon-containing products of enhanced value-added potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghang Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Tianchang New Materials and Energy Technology Research Center, Institute of Green Chemistry and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Huaizhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Tianchang New Materials and Energy Technology Research Center, Institute of Green Chemistry and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Mengfei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Tianchang New Materials and Energy Technology Research Center, Institute of Green Chemistry and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Xiaojun Luo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China.
| | - Yi He
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China.
| | - Mengjun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China.
| | - Caijun Wu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China.
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China.
| | - Xiao Li
- College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, Guangxi, 537000, China.
| | - Xuemei Liao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China.
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Zhenju Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China.
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Zhong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Tianchang New Materials and Energy Technology Research Center, Institute of Green Chemistry and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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3
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Liu M, Ma Y, Zhang S, Chen M, Wu L. Regulating Interfacial Microenvironment in Aqueous Electrolyte via a N 2 Filtering Membrane for Efficient Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2309200. [PMID: 38733091 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia (NH3) in aqueous electrolyte has long been suffered from poor nitrogen (N2) supply owing to its low solubility and sluggish diffusion kinetics. Therefore, creating a N2 rich microenvironment around catalyst surface may potentially improve the efficiency of nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). Herein, a delicately designed N2 filtering membrane consisted of polydimethylsiloxane is covered on catalyst surface via superspreading. Because this membrane let the dissolved N2 molecules be accessible to the catalyst but block excess water, the designed N2 rich microenvironment over catalyst leads to an optimized Faradaic efficiency of 39.4% and an NH3 yield rate of 109.2 µg h-1 mg-1, which is superior to those of the most report metal-based catalysts for electrochemical NRR. This study offers alternative strategy for enhancing NRR performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Liu
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Limin Wu
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Li S, Cheng K, Ma L, Zhang L, Li F, Cheng Q. Interface Engineering-Modulated Nanoscale Bimetallic CoFe-MIL-88A In-Situ-Grown on 2D V 2CT x MXene for Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:8366-8375. [PMID: 38655801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (eNRR) provides a sustainable green development route for the nitrogen-neutral cycle. In this work, bimetallic CoFe-MIL-88A with two active sites (Fe, Co) were immobilized on a 2D V2CTx MXene surface by in situ growth method to achieve the purpose of the control interface. A large number of heterostructures are formed between small CoFe-MIL-88A and V2CTx, which regulate the electron transfer between the catalyst interfaces. The adsorption and activation of nitrogen on the active sites were enhanced, and the NRR reaction kinetics was accelerated. CoFe-MIL-88A is tightly arranged on V2CTx, which makes CoFe-MIL-88A/V2CTx have better hydrophobicity and can significantly inhibit the hydrogen evolution reaction. The synergistic effect of multicatalytic active sites and multi-interface structure of CoFe-MIL-88A/V2CTx MXene is propitious to nitrogen efficiently and stably to convert into ammonia under environmental conditions with superior selectivity and good catalytic activity. The NH3 yield rate is 29.47 μg h-1 mgcat-1 at -0.3 V vs RHE, and the Faradaic efficiency (FE) is 28.86% at -0.1 V vs RHE. The catalytic mechanism was verified to conform to the distal pathway. This work will provide a new way to develop an MXene-based electrocatalyst for eNRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobin Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composite Materials of Heilongjiang Province, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, P. R. China
| | - Kun Cheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composite Materials of Heilongjiang Province, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, P. R. China
| | - Lin Ma
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composite Materials of Heilongjiang Province, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composite Materials of Heilongjiang Province, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, P. R. China
| | - Fengbo Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Qingyu Cheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composite Materials of Heilongjiang Province, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, P. R. China
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Zhang S, Chen D, Chen P, Zhang R, Hou Y, Guo Y, Li P, Liang X, Xing T, Chen J, Zhao Y, Huang Z, Lei D, Zhi C. Concurrent Mechanisms of Hot Electrons and Interfacial Water Molecule Ordering in Plasmon-Enhanced Nitrogen Fixation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310776. [PMID: 38234149 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The participation of high-energy hot electrons generated from the non-radiative decay of localized surface plasmons is an important mechanism for promoting catalytic processes. Herein, another vital mechanism associated with the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect, significantly contributing to the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), is found. That is to say, the LSPR-induced strong localized electric fields can weaken the intermolecular hydrogen bonds and regulate the arrangement of water molecules at the solid-liquid interface. The AuCu pentacle nanoparticles with excellent light absorption ability and the capability to generate strong localized electric fields are chosen to demonstrate this effect. The in situ Raman spectra and theoretical calculations are employed to verify the mechanism at the molecular scale in a nitrogen fixation process. Meanwhile, due to the promoted electron transfer at the interface by the well-ordered interfacial water, as well as the participation of high-energy hot electrons, the optimal catalyst exhibits excellent performance with an NH3 yield of 52.09 µg h-1 cm-2 and Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 45.82% at ─0.20 V versus RHE. The results are significant for understanding the LSPR effect in catalysis and provide a new approach for regulating the reaction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoce Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Peigang Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yue Hou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xiu Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Tingyang Xing
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yuwei Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zhaodong Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Centre for Functional Photonics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Dangyuan Lei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Centre for Functional Photonics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Centre, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Chunyi Zhi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Centre for Functional Photonics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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6
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Yu Y, Wei X, Chen W, Qian G, Chen C, Wang S, Min D. Design of Single-Atom Catalysts for E lectrocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301105. [PMID: 37985420 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The Electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (ENRR) can be used to solve environmental problems as well as energy shortage. However, ENRR still faces the problems of low NH3 yield and low selectivity. The NH3 yield and selectivity in ENRR are affected by multiple factors such as electrolytic cells, electrolytes, and catalysts, etc. Among these catalysts are at the core of ENRR research. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) with intrinsic activity have become an emerging technology for numerous energy regeneration, including ENRR. In particular, regulating the microenvironment of SACs (hydrogen evolution reaction inhibition, carrier engineering, metal-carrier interaction, etc.) can break through the limitation of intrinsic activity of SACs. Therefore, this Review first introduces the basic principles of NRR and outlines the key factors affecting ENRR. Then a comprehensive summary is given of the progress of SACs (precious metals, non-precious metals, non-metallic) and diatomic catalysts (DACs) in ENRR. The impact of SACs microenvironmental regulation on ENRR is highlighted. Finally, further research directions for SACs in ENRR are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Yu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxsi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wei
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxsi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
| | - Wangqian Chen
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxsi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
| | - Guangfu Qian
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxsi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
| | - Changzhou Chen
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxsi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
| | - Shuangfei Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxsi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
| | - Douyong Min
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxsi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
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Araujo RB, Edvinsson T. Supervised AI and Deep Neural Networks to Evaluate High-Entropy Alloys as Reduction Catalysts in Aqueous Environments. ACS Catal 2024; 14:3742-3755. [PMID: 38510666 PMCID: PMC10949192 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c05017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Competitive surface adsorption energies on catalytic surfaces constitute a fundamental aspect of modeling electrochemical reactions in aqueous environments. The conventional approach to this task relies on applying density functional theory, albeit with computationally intensive demands, particularly when dealing with intricate surfaces. In this study, we present a methodological exposition of quantifying competitive relationships within complex systems. Our methodology leverages quantum-mechanical-guided deep neural networks, deployed in the investigation of quinary high-entropy alloys composed of Mo-Cr-Mn-Fe-Co-Ni-Cu-Zn. These alloys are under examination as prospective electrocatalysts, facilitating the electrochemical synthesis of ammonia in aqueous media. Even in the most favorable scenario for nitrogen fixation identified in this study, at the transition from O and OH coverage to surface hydrogenation, the probability of N2 coverage remains low. This underscores the fact that catalyst optimization alone is insufficient for achieving efficient nitrogen reduction. In particular, these insights illuminate that system consideration with oxygen- and hydrogen-repelling approaches or high-pressure solutions would be necessary for improved nitrogen reduction within an aqueous environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael B. Araujo
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Solid State Physics, Uppsala University, Box 35, 75103 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tomas Edvinsson
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Solid State Physics, Uppsala University, Box 35, 75103 Uppsala, Sweden
- Energy
Materials Laboratory, School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU Newcastle Upon Tyne, U.K.
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8
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Zhang S, Li D, Ge S, Wu C, Xu X, Liu X, Li R, Zhang F, Wang G. Elucidating the Mechanism on the Transition-Metal Ion-Synergetic-Catalyzed Oxidation of SO 2 with Implications for Sulfate Formation in Beijing Haze. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:2912-2921. [PMID: 38252977 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Currently, atmospheric sulfate aerosols cannot be predicted reliably by numerical models because the pathways and kinetics of sulfate formation are unclear. Here, we systematically investigated the synergetic catalyzing role of transition-metal ions (TMIs, Fe3+/Mn2+) in the oxidation of SO2 by O2 on aerosols using chamber experiments. Our results showed that the synergetic effect of TMIs is critically dependent on aerosol pH due to the solubility of Fe(III) species sensitive to the aqueous phase acidity, which is effective only under pH < 3 conditions. The sulfate formation rate on aerosols is 2 orders of magnitude larger than that in bulk solution and increases significantly on smaller aerosols, suggesting that such a synergetic-catalyzed oxidation occurs on the aerosol surface. The kinetic reaction rate can be described as R = k*[H+]-2.95[Mn(II)][Fe(III)][S(IV)] (pH ≤ 3.0). We found that TMI-synergetic-catalyzed oxidation is the dominant pathway of sulfate formation in Beijing when haze particles are very acidic, while heterogeneous oxidation of SO2 by NO2 is the most important pathway when haze particles are weakly acidic. Our work for the first time clarified the role and kinetics of TMI-synergetic-catalyzed oxidation of SO2 by O2 in haze periods, which can be parameterized into models for future studies of sulfate formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Zhang
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Rd., Chongming, Shanghai 202150, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Shanghai Energy Construction Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200434, China
| | | | - Can Wu
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Rd., Chongming, Shanghai 202150, China
| | - Xinbei Xu
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaodi Liu
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Rui Li
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Rd., Chongming, Shanghai 202150, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Rd., Chongming, Shanghai 202150, China
| | - Gehui Wang
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Rd., Chongming, Shanghai 202150, China
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9
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Lu K, Ren T, Yan N, Huang X, Zhang X. Revisit the Role of Salinity in Heterogeneous Catalytic Ozonation: The Trade-Off between Reaction Inhibition and Mass Transfer Enhancement. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:18888-18897. [PMID: 37387610 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous catalytic ozonation (HCO) is an effective technology for advanced wastewater treatment, while the influence of coexisting salts remains unclear and controversial. Here, we systematically explored the influence of NaCl salinity on the reaction and mass transfer of HCO through lab experiments, kinetic simulation, and computational fluid dynamics modeling, and proposed that the trade-off between reaction inhibition and mass transfer enhancement would affect the pollutants degradation pattern under varying salinity. The increase of NaCl salinity decreased ozone solubility and accelerated the futile consumption of ozone and hydroxyl radicals (•OH), and the maximum •OH concentration under 50 g/L salinity was only 23% of that without salinity. However, the increase of NaCl salinity also significantly reduced the ozone bubble size and enhanced the interphase and intraliquid mass transfer, with the volumetric mass transfer coefficient being 130% higher than that without salinity. The trade-off between reaction inhibition and mass transfer enhancement shifted under different pH values and aerator pore sizes, and the oxalate degradation pattern would change correspondingly. Besides, the trade-off was also identified for Na2SO4 salinity. These results emphasized the dual influence of salinity and offered a new theoretical perspective on the role of salinity in the HCO process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kechao Lu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tengfei Ren
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ni Yan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xia Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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10
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Ellingsson V, Iqbal A, Skúlason E, Abghoui Y. Nitrogen Reduction Reaction to Ammonia on Transition Metal Carbide Catalysts. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300947. [PMID: 37702376 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of a low-cost, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly alternative to the currently utilized Haber-Bosch process to produce ammonia is of great importance. Ammonia is an essential chemical used in fertilizers and a promising high-density fuel source. The nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) has been explored intensively as a potential avenue for ammonia production using water as proton source, but to this day a catalyst capable of producing this chemical at high Faradaic efficiency (FE) and commercial yield and rates has not been reported. Here, we investigate the activity of transition metal carbide (TMC) surfaces in the (100) facets of the rocksalt (RS) structure as potential catalysts for the NRR. In this study, we use density functional theory (DFT) to model reaction pathways, estimate stability, assess kinetic barriers, and compare adsorbate energies to determine the overall performance of each TMC surface. For pristine TMC surfaces (with no defects) we find that none of the studied TMCs possess both exergonic adsorption of nitrogen and the capability to selectively protonate nitrogen to form ammonia in the desired aqueous solution. ZrC, however, is shown to be a potential catalyst if used in a non-aqueous electrolyte. To circumvent the endergonic adsorption of nitrogen onto the surface, a carbon vacancy was introduced. This provides a well-defined high coordination active site on the surface. In the presence of a vacancy VC, NbC, and WC showed efficient nitrogen adsorption, selectivity towards ammonia, and a low overpotential (OP). NbC did, however, display an unfeasible kinetic barrier to nitrogen dissociation for ambient-condition purposes, and thus it is suggested for high tempearture/pressure ammonia synthesis. Both WC and VC in their RS (100) structure are promising materials for experimental investigations in aqueous electrolytes, and ZrC could potentially be interesting for non-aqueous electrolytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Ellingsson
- Science Institute of the University of Iceland, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Atef Iqbal
- Science Institute of the University of Iceland, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Egill Skúlason
- Science Institute of the University of Iceland, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Iceland, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Younes Abghoui
- Science Institute of the University of Iceland, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
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11
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Cao W, Hu C, Zhang P, Qiu T, Wang S, Huang G, Lyu L. Salinity-mediated water self-purification via bond network distorting of H 2O molecules on DRC-surface. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2311920120. [PMID: 37922324 PMCID: PMC10636312 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311920120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
High salinity has plagued wastewater treatment for a long time by hindering pollutant removal, thereby becoming a global challenge for water pollution control that is difficult to overcome even with massive energy consumption. Herein, we propose a novel process for rapid salinity-mediated water self-purification in a dual-reaction-centers (DRC) system with cation-π structures. In this process, local hydrogen bond networks of H2O molecules can be distorted through the mediation of salinity, thereby opening the channels for the preferential contact of pollutants on the DRC interface. As the result, the elimination rate of pollutants increased approximately 32-fold at high salinity (100 mM) without any external energy consumption. Our findings provide a novel technology for high-efficiency and low-consumption water self-purification, which is of great significance in environmental remediation and even fine chemical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Cao
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China
| | - Chun Hu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Ting Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Shuguang Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China
| | - Guohe Huang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China
- Environmental Systems Engineering Program, University of Regina, Regina, SKS4S0A2, Canada
| | - Lai Lyu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, China
- Institute of Rural Revitalization, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, China
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12
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Thapa L, Retna Raj C. Nitrogen Electrocatalysis: Electrolyte Engineering Strategies to Boost Faradaic Efficiency. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300465. [PMID: 37401159 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical activation of dinitrogen at ambient temperature and pressure for the synthesis of ammonia has drawn increasing attention. The faradaic efficiency (FE) as well as ammonia yield in the electrochemical synthesis is far from reaching the requirement of industrial-scale production. In aqueous electrolytes, the competing electron-consuming hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and poor solubility of nitrogen are the two major bottlenecks. As the electrochemical reduction of nitrogen involves proton-coupled electron transfer reaction, rationally engineered electrolytes are required to boost FE and ammonia yield. In this Review, we comprehensively summarize various electrolyte engineering strategies to boost the FE in aqueous and non-aqueous medium and suggest possible approaches to further improve the performance. In aqueous medium, the performance can be improved by altering the electrolyte pH, transport velocity of protons, and water activity. Other strategies involve the use of hybrid and water-in-salt electrolytes, ionic liquids, and non-aqueous electrolytes. Existing aqueous electrolytes are not ideal for industrial-scale production. Suppression of HER and enhanced nitrogen solubility have been observed with hybrid and non-aqueous electrolytes. The engineered electrolytes are very promising though the electrochemical activation has several challenges. The outcome of lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction reaction with engineered non-aqueous electrolyte is highly encouraging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loknath Thapa
- Functional Materials and Electrochemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - C Retna Raj
- Functional Materials and Electrochemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
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13
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Lv Y, Dong L, Cheng L, Gao T, Wu C, Chen X, He T, Cui Y, Liu W. Tailoring Monovalent Ion Sieving in Graphene-Oxide Membranes with High Flux by Rationally Intercalating Crown Ethers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:46261-46268. [PMID: 37738535 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional membranes have shown promising potential for ion-selective separation due to their well-defined interlayer channels. However, the typical "trade-off" effect of throughput and selectivity limits their developments. Herein, we report a precise tailoring of monovalent cation sieving technology with enhanced water throughput via the intercalation of graphene-oxide membranes with selective crown ethers. By tuning the lamellar spacing of graphene oxide, a critical interlayer distance (∼11.04 Å) is revealed to maximize water flux (53.4 mol m-2 h-2 bar-1) without sacrificing ion selectivity. As a result, the elaborately enlarged interlayer distance offers improved water permeance. Meanwhile, various specific cations with remarkably high selectivity can be separated in mixed solutions because of the strong chelation with crown ethers. This work opens up a new avenue for high-throughput and precise regulation of ion separations for various application scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjie Lv
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Lei Dong
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Lvyang Cheng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tianyi Gao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Cong Wu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tao He
- Laboratory for Membrane Materials and Separation Technology, Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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14
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Gao R, Dai TY, Meng Z, Sun XF, Liu DX, Shi MM, Li HR, Kang X, Bi B, Zhang YT, Xu TW, Yan JM, Jiang Q. A Bifunctional Catalyst for Green Ammonia Synthesis from Ubiquitous Air and Water. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303455. [PMID: 37363875 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3 ) is essential for modern agriculture and industry, and, due to its high hydrogen density and no carbon emission, it is also expected to be the next-generation of "clean" energy carrier. Herein, directly from air and water, a plasma-electrocatalytic reaction system for NH3 production, which combines two steps of plasma-air-to-NOx - and electrochemical NOx - reduction reaction (eNOx RR) with a bifunctional catalyst, is successfully established. Especially, the bifunctional catalyst of CuCo2 O4 /Ni can simultaneously promote plasma-air-to-NOx - and eNOx RR processes. The easy adsorption and activation of O2 by CuCo2 O4 /Ni greatly improve the NOx - production rate at the first step. Further, CuCo2 O4 /Ni can also resolve the overbonding of the key intermediate of * NO, and thus reduce the energy barrier of the second step of eNOx RR. Finally, the "green" NH3 production achieves excellent FENH3 (96.8%) and record-high NH3 yield rate of 145.8 mg h-1 cm-2 with large partial current density (1384.7 mA cm-2 ). Moreover, an enlarged self-made H-type electrolyzer improves the NH3 yield to 3.6 g h-1 , and the obtained NH3 is then rapidly converted to a solid of magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate, which favors the easy storage and transportation of NH3 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Tian-Yi Dai
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Zhe Meng
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Xue-Feng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Dong-Xue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Miao-Miao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Hong-Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Xia Kang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Bo Bi
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Yu-Tian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Tong-Wen Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Jun-Min Yan
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China
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15
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Gao Y, Li M, Zhan C, Zhang H, Yin M, Lu W, Xu B. A Nanoconfined Water-Ion Coordination Network for Flexible Energy-Dissipation Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303759. [PMID: 37410996 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Water-ion interaction in a nanoconfined environment that deeply constrains spatial freedoms of local atomistic motion with unconventional coupling mechanisms beyond that in a free, bulk state is essential to spark designs of a broad spectrum of nanofluidic devices with unique properties and functionalities. Here, it is reported that the interaction between ions and water molecules in a hydrophobic nanopore forms a coordination network with an interaction density that is nearly fourfold that of the bulk counterpart. Such strong interaction facilitates the connectivity of the water-ion network and is uncovered by corroborating the formation of ion clusters and the reduction of particle dynamics. A liquid-nanopore energy-dissipation system is designed and demonstrated in both molecular simulations and experiments that the formed coordination network controls the outflow of confined electrolytes along with a pressure reduction, capable of providing flexible protection for personnel and devices and instrumentations against external mechanical impact and attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Mingzhe Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Chi Zhan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Haozhe Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Mengtian Yin
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Weiyi Lu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Baoxing Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
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16
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Zhang C, Fang M, Gao Y, Li Y, Fan L, Li X. Valence-Engineered Oxidase-Mimicking Nanozyme with Specificity for Aromatic Amine Oxidation and Identification. Anal Chem 2023. [PMID: 37402320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidase-mimicking nanozymes with specificity for catalyzing oxidation of aromatic amines are of great significance for recognition of aromatic amines but rarely reported. Herein, Cu-A nanozyme (synthesized with Cu2+ as a node and adenine as a linker) could specifically catalyze oxidation of o-phenylenediamine (OPD) in Britton-Robinson buffer solution. Such a specific catalytic performance was also corroborated with other aromatic amines, such as p-phenylenediamine (PPD), 1,5-naphthalene diamine (1,5-NDA), 1,8-naphthalene diamine (1,8-NDA), and 2-aminoanthracene (2-AA). Moreover, the presence of salts (1 mM NaNO2, NaHCO3, NH4Cl, KCl, NaCl, NaBr, and NaI) greatly mediated the catalytic activity with the order of NaNO2 < blank ≈ NaHCO3 < NH4Cl ≈ KCl ≈ NaCl < NaBr < NaI, which was due to anions sequentially increasing interfacial Cu+ content via anionic redox reaction, while the effect of cations was negligible. With the increased Cu+ content, Km decreased and Vmax increased, indicating valence-engineered catalytic activity. Based on high specificity and satisfactory activity, a colorimetric sensor array with NaCl, NaBr, and NaI as sensing channels was constructed to identify five representative aromatic amines (OPD, PPD, 1,5-NDA, 1,8-NDA, and 2-AA) as low as 50 μM, quantitatively analyze single aromatic amine (with OPD and PPD as model analysts), and even identify 20 unknown samples with an accuracy of 100%. In addition, the performance was further validated through accurately recognizing various concentration ratios of binary, ternary, quaternary, and quinary mixtures. Finally, the practical applications were demonstrated by successfully discriminating five aromatic amines in tap, river, sewage, and sea water, providing a simple and feasible assay for large-scale scanning aromatic amine levels in environmental water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Man Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yuanbo Gao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yunchao Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Louzhen Fan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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17
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Zhang X, Lyu Y, Zhou H, Zheng J, Huang A, Ding J, Xie C, De Marco R, Tsud N, Kalinovych V, Jiang SP, Dai L, Wang S. Photoelectrochemical N 2 -to-NH 3 Fixation with High Efficiency and Rates via Optimized Si-Based System at Positive Potential versus Li 0/. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211894. [PMID: 36905214 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
As a widely used commodity chemical, ammonia is critical for producing nitrogen-containing fertilizers and serving as the promising zero-carbon energy carrier. Photoelectrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (PEC NRR) can provide a solar-powered green and sustainable route for synthesis of ammonia (NH3 ). Herein, an optimum PEC system is reported with an Si-based hierarchically-structured PdCu/TiO2 /Si photocathode and well-thought-out trifluoroethanol as the proton source for lithium-mediated PEC NRR, achieving a record high NH3 yield of 43.09 µg cm-2 h-1 and an excellent faradaic efficiency of 46.15% under 0.12 MPa O2 and 3.88 MPa N2 at 0.07 V versus lithium(0/+) redox couple (vs Li0/+ ). PEC measurements coupled with operando characterization reveal that the PdCu/TiO2 /Si photocathode under N2 pressures facilitate the reduction of N2 to form lithium nitride (Li3 N), which reacts with active protons to produce NH3 while releasing the Li+ to reinitiate the cycle of the PEC NRR. The Li-mediated PEC NRR process is further enhanced by introducing small amount of O2 or CO2 under pressure by accelerating the decomposition of Li3 N. For the first time, this work provides mechanistic understanding of the lithium-mediated PEC NRR process and opens new avenues for efficient solar-powered green conversion of N2 -to-NH3 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Foshan, 528216, China
| | - Yanhong Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Huaijuan Zhou
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jianyun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Aibin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingjing Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Roland De Marco
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pure Science, College of Engineering, Science and Technology, Fiji National University, Samabula, P.O. Box 3722, Suva, Fiji
| | - Nataliya Tsud
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Holešovičkách 2, Prague, 18000, Czech Republic
| | - Viacheslav Kalinovych
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Holešovičkách 2, Prague, 18000, Czech Republic
| | - San Ping Jiang
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Foshan, 528216, China
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Liming Dai
- Australian Carbon Materials Centre (A-CMC), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
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18
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Liu S, Wang M, Ji H, Zhang L, Ni J, Li N, Qian T, Yan C, Lu J. Solvent-in-Gas System for Promoted Photocatalytic Ammonia Synthesis on Porous Framework Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211730. [PMID: 36646430 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (PNRR) is emerging as a sustainable ammonia synthesis approach to meet global carbon neutrality. Porous framework materials with well-designed structures have great opportunities in PNRR; however, they suffer from unsatisfactory activity in the conventional gas-in-solvent system (GIS), owing to the hindrance of nitrogen utilization and strong competing hydrogen evolution caused by overwhelming solvent. In this study, porous framework materials are combined with a novel "solvent-in-gas" system, which can bring their superiority into full play. This system enables photocatalysts to directly operate in a gas-dominated environment with a limited proton source uniformly suspended in it, achieving the accumulation of high-concentrated nitrogen within porous framework while efficiently restricting the solvent-photocatalyst contact. An over eightfold increase in ammonia production rate (1820.7 µmol g-1 h-1 ) compared with the conventional GIS and an apparent quantum efficiency as high as ≈0.5% at 400 nm are achieved. This system-level strategy further finds applicability in photocatalytic CO2 reduction, featuring it as a staple for photosynthetic methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Liu
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Mengfan Wang
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Haoqing Ji
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Jiajie Ni
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Najun Li
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Tao Qian
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Chenglin Yan
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jianmei Lu
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
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19
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Lv C, Jia N, Qian Y, Wang S, Wang X, Yu W, Liu C, Pan H, Zhu Q, Xu J, Tao X, Loh KP, Xue C, Yan Q. Ammonia Electrosynthesis with a Stable Metal-Free 2D Silicon Phosphide Catalyst. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205959. [PMID: 36564359 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free 2D phosphorus-based materials are emerging catalysts for ammonia (NH3 ) production through a sustainable electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction route under ambient conditions. However, their efficiency and stability remain challenging due to the surface oxidization. Herein, a stable phosphorus-based electrocatalyst, silicon phosphide (SiP), is explored. Density functional theory calculations certify that the N2 activation can be realized on the zigzag Si sites with a dimeric end-on coordinated mode. Such sites also allow the subsequent protonation process via the alternating associative mechanism. As the proof-of-concept demonstration, both the crystalline and amorphous SiP nanosheets (denoted as C-SiP NSs and A-SiP NSs, respectively) are obtained through ultrasonic exfoliation processes, but only the crystalline one enables effective and stable electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction, in terms of an NH3 yield rate of 16.12 µg h-1 mgcat. -1 and a Faradaic efficiency of 22.48% at -0.3 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. The resistance to oxidization plays the decisive role in guaranteeing the NH3 electrosynthesis activity for C-SiP NSs. This surface stability endows C-SiP NSs with the capability to serve as appealing electrocatalysts for nitrogen reduction reactions and other promising applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chade Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Ning Jia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yumin Qian
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Shanpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xuechun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Chuntai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Hongge Pan
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Xutang Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Can Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Qingyu Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
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20
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Jiang M, Zhu M, Wang M, He Y, Luo X, Wu C, Zhang L, Jin Z. Review on Electrocatalytic Coreduction of Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogenous Species for Urea Synthesis. ACS NANO 2023; 17:3209-3224. [PMID: 36786415 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical coreduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogenous species (such as NO3-, NO2-, N2, and NO) for urea synthesis under ambient conditions provides a promising solution to realize carbon/nitrogen neutrality and mitigate environmental pollution. Although an increasing number of studies have made some breakthroughs in electrochemical urea synthesis, the unsatisfactory Faradaic efficiency, low urea yield rate, and ambiguous C-N coupling reaction mechanisms remain the major obstacles to its large-scale applications. In this review, we present the recent progress on electrochemical urea synthesis based on CO2 and nitrogenous species in aqueous solutions under ambient conditions, providing useful guidance and discussion on the rational design of metal nanocatalyst, the understanding of the C-N coupling reaction mechanism, and existing challenges and prospects for electrochemical urea synthesis. We hope that this review can stimulate more insights and inspiration toward the development of electrocatalytic urea synthesis technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghang Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Mengfei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Mengjun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Xiaojun Luo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Caijun Wu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Zhong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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21
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Liu S, Wang M, He Y, Cheng Q, Qian T, Yan C. Covalent organic frameworks towards photocatalytic applications: Design principles, achievements, and opportunities. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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22
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Excluding false positives: A perspective toward credible ammonia quantification in nitrogen reduction reaction. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(22)64148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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23
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Liu S, Wang M, Cheng Q, He Y, Ni J, Liu J, Yan C, Qian T. Turning Waste into Wealth: Sustainable Production of High-Value-Added Chemicals from Catalytic Coupling of Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogenous Small Molecules. ACS NANO 2022; 16:17911-17930. [PMID: 36315472 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c09168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Carbon neutrality is one of the central topics of not only the scientific community but also the majority of human society. The development of highly efficient carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and utilization (CCU) techniques is expected to stimulate routes and concepts to go beyond fossil fuels and provide more economic benefits for a carbon-neutral economy. While various single-carbon (C1) and multi-carbon (C2+) products have been selectively produced to date, the scope of CCU can be further expanded to more valuable chemicals beyond simple carbon species by integration of nitrogenous reactants into CO2 reduction. In this Review, research progress toward sustainable production of high-value-added chemicals (urea, methylamine, ethylamine, formamide, acetamide, and glycine) from catalytic coupling of CO2 and nitrogenous small molecules (NH3, N2, NO3-, and NO2-) is highlighted. C-N bond formation is a key mechanistic step in N-integrated CO2 reduction, so we focus on the possible pathways of C-N coupling starting from the CO2 reduction and nitrogenous small molecules reduction processes as well as the catalytic attributes that enable the C-N coupling. We also propose research directions and prospects in the field, aiming to inspire future investigations and achieve comprehensive improvement of the performance and product scope of C-N coupling systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Mengfan Wang
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Qiyang Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yanzheng He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jiajie Ni
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Chenglin Yan
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Tao Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
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24
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Zhou A, Zhang J, Chen M, Yue J, Lv T, Liu B, Zhu X, Qin K, Feng G, Suo L. An Electric-Field-Reinforced Hydrophobic Cationic Sieve Lowers the Concentration Threshold of Water-In-Salt Electrolytes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2207040. [PMID: 36121604 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High-concentration water-in-salt (WIS) electrolytes expand the stable electrochemical window of aqueous electrolytes, leading to the advent of high-voltage (above 2 V) aqueous Li-ion batteries (ALIBs). However, the high lithium salt concentration electrolytes of ALIBs result in their high cost and deteriorate kinetic performance. Therefore, it is challenging for ALIBs to explore aqueous electrolytes with appropriate concentration to balance the electrochemical window and kinetic performance as well as the cost. In contrast to maintaining high concentrations of aqueous electrolytes (>20 m), a small number of hydrophobic cations are introduced to a much lower electrolyte concentration (13.8 m), and it is found that, compared with WIS electrolytes, ALIBs with these concentration-lowered electrolytes possess a compatible stable electrochemical window (3.23 V) and achieve better kinetic performance. These findings originate from the added cations, which form an electric-field-reinforced hydrophobic cationic sieve (HCS) that blocks water away from the anode and suppresses the hydrogen evolution reaction. Meanwhile, the lower electrolyte concentration provides significant benefits to ALIBs, including lower cost, better rate capability (lower viscosity of 18 cP and higher ionic conductivity of 22 mS cm-1 at 25 °C), and improved low-temperature performance (liquidus temperature of -10.18 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anxing Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinkai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jinming Yue
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tianshi Lv
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Binghang Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiangzhen Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kun Qin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Liumin Suo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Yangtze River Delta Physics Research Center Co. Ltd, Liyang, 213300, China
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25
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Lv C, Liu J, Lee C, Zhu Q, Xu J, Pan H, Xue C, Yan Q. Emerging p-Block-Element-Based Electrocatalysts for Sustainable Nitrogen Conversion. ACS NANO 2022; 16:15512-15527. [PMID: 36240028 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Artificial nitrogen conversion reactions, such as the production of ammonia via dinitrogen or nitrate reduction and the synthesis of organonitrogen compounds via C-N coupling, play a pivotal role in the modern life. As alternatives to the traditional industrial processes that are energy- and carbon-emission-intensive, electrocatalytic nitrogen conversion reactions under mild conditions have attracted significant research interests. However, the electrosynthesis process still suffers from low product yield and Faradaic efficiency, which highlight the importance of developing efficient catalysts. In contrast to the transition-metal-based catalysts that have been widely studied, the p-block-element-based catalysts have recently shown promising performance because of their intriguing physiochemical properties and intrinsically poor hydrogen adsorption ability. In this Perspective, we summarize the latest breakthroughs in the development of p-block-element-based electrocatalysts toward nitrogen conversion applications, including ammonia electrosynthesis from N2 reduction and nitrate reduction and urea electrosynthesis using nitrogen-containing feedstocks and carbon dioxide. The catalyst design strategies and the underlying reaction mechanisms are discussed. Finally, major challenges and opportunities in future research directions are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chade Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Carmen Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, 138634 Singapore
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, 138634 Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, 627833 Singapore
| | - Hongge Pan
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Can Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Qingyu Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, 138634 Singapore
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26
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Xu L, Huang Z, Yang M, Wu J, Chen W, Wu Y, Pan Y, Lu Y, Zou Y, Wang S. Salting‐Out Aldehyde from the Electrooxidation of Alcohols with 100 % Selectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210123. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leitao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha China
| | - Zhifeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha China
| | - Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha China
| | - Jingcheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha China
| | - Yandong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha China
| | - Yuping Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha China
| | - Yuxuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha China
| | - Yuqin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha China
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha China
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27
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Xu L, Huang Z, Yang M, Wu J, Chen W, Wu Y, Pan Y, Lu Y, Zou Y, Wang S. Salting‐out aldehyde from electrooxidation of alcohol with 100% selectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leitao Xu
- Hunan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Zhifeng Huang
- Hunan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Ming Yang
- Hunan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Jingcheng Wu
- Hunan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Wei Chen
- Hunan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yandong Wu
- Hunan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yuping Pan
- Hunan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yuxuan Lu
- Hunan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yuqin Zou
- Hunan University Yuelu Road Changsha CHINA
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- Hunan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
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28
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Lewis acid-dominated aqueous electrolyte acting as co-catalyst and overcoming N 2 activation issues on catalyst surface. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2204638119. [PMID: 35939713 PMCID: PMC9388088 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204638119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing demands for ammonia in agriculture and transportation fuel stimulate researchers to develop sustainable electrochemical methods to synthesize ammonia ambiently, to get past the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process. However, the conventionally used aqueous electrolytes limit N2 solubility, leading to insufficient reactant molecules in the vicinity of the catalyst during electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). This hampers the yield and production rate of ammonia, irrespective of how efficient the catalyst is. Herein, we introduce an aqueous electrolyte (NaBF4), which not only acts as an N2-carrier in the medium but also works as a full-fledged "co-catalyst" along with our active material MnN4 to deliver a high yield of NH3 (328.59 μg h-1 mgcat-1) at 0.0 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. BF3-induced charge polarization shifts the metal d-band center of the MnN4 unit close to the Fermi level, inviting N2 adsorption facilely. The Lewis acidity of the free BF3 molecules further propagates their importance in polarizing the N≡N bond of the adsorbed N2 and its first protonation. This push-pull kind of electronic interaction has been confirmed from the change in d-band center values of the MnN4 site as well as charge density distribution over our active model units, which turned out to be effective enough to lower the energy barrier of the potential determining steps of NRR. Consequently, a high production rate of NH3 (2.45 × 10-9 mol s-1 cm-2) was achieved, approaching the industrial scale where the source of NH3 was thoroughly studied and confirmed to be chiefly from the electrochemical reduction of the purged N2 gas.
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29
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Yao D, Tang C, Wang P, Cheng H, Jin H, Ding LX, Qiao SZ. Electrocatalytic green ammonia production beyond ambient aqueous nitrogen reduction. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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30
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Li X, Shen P, Luo Y, Li Y, Guo Y, Zhang H, Chu K. PdFe Single-Atom Alloy Metallene for N 2 Electroreduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205923. [PMID: 35522475 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Single-atom alloys hold great promise for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), while the comprehensive experimental/theoretical investigations of SAAs for the NRR are still missing. Herein, PdFe1 single-atom alloy metallene, in which the Fe single atoms are confined on a Pd metallene support, is first developed as an effective and robust NRR electrocatalyst, delivering exceptional NRR performance with an NH3 yield of 111.9 μg h-1 mg-1 , a Faradaic efficiency of 37.8 % at -0.2 V (RHE), as well as a long-term stability for 100 h electrolysis. In-depth mechanistic investigations by theoretical computations and operando X-ray absorption/Raman spectroscopy indentify Pd-coordinated Fe single atoms as active centers to enable efficient N2 activation via N2 -to-Fe σ-donation, reduced protonation energy barriers, suppressed hydrogen evolution and excellent thermodynamic stability, thus accounting for the high activity, selectivity and stability of PdFe1 for the NRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchuan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Peng Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yaojing Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yunhe Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yali Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ke Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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31
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Li T, Han S, Cheng C, Wang Y, Du X, Yu Y, Zhang B. Sulfate-Enabled Nitrate Synthesis from Nitrogen Electrooxidation on a Rhodium Electrocatalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204541. [PMID: 35441770 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic nitrogen oxidation reaction (NOR) to generate nitrate is gaining increasing attention as an alternative approach to the conventional industrial manufacture. But, current progress in NOR is limited by the difficulties in activation and conversion of the strong N≡N bond (941 kJ mol-1 ). Herein, we designed to utilize sulfate to enhance NOR performance over an Rh electrocatalyst. After the addition of sulfate, the inert Rh nanoparticles exhibited superior NOR performance with a nitrate yield of 168.0 μmol gcat -1 h-1 . The 15 N isotope-labeling experiment confirmed the produced nitrate from nitrogen electrooxidation. A series of electrochemical in situ characterizations and theoretical calculation unveiled that sulfate promoted nitrogen adsorption and decreased the reaction energy barrier, and in situ formed sulfate radicals reduced the activation energy of the potential-determining step, thus accelerating NOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieliang Li
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Shuhe Han
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chuanqi Cheng
- Institute of New Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiwen Du
- Institute of New Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yifu Yu
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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32
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Shen P, Li X, Luo Y, Guo Y, Zhao X, Chu K. High-Efficiency N 2 Electroreduction Enabled by Se-Vacancy-Rich WSe 2-x in Water-in-Salt Electrolytes. ACS NANO 2022; 16:7915-7925. [PMID: 35451836 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a promising approach for renewable NH3 production, while developing the NRR electrocatalysis systems with both high activity and selectivity remains a significant challenge. Herein, we combine catalyst and electrolyte engineering to achieve a high-efficiency NRR enabled by a Se-vacancy-rich WSe2-x catalyst in water-in-salt electrolyte (WISE). Extensive characterizations, theoretical calculations, and in situ X-ray photoelectron/Raman spectroscopy reveal that WISE ensures suppressed H2 evolution, improved N2 affinity on the catalyst surface, as well as an enhanced π-back-donation ability of active sites, thereby promoting both activity and selectivity for the NRR. As a result, an excellent faradaic efficiency of 62.5% and NH3 yield of 181.3 μg h-1 mg-1 is achieved with WSe2-x in 12 m LiClO4, which is among the highest NRR performances reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xingchuan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yaojing Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yali Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ke Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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33
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Yang P, Guo H, Zhang F, Zhou Y, Niu X. 电催化合成氨反应原位表征技术研究进展. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2022. [DOI: 10.1360/tb-2022-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Li X, Shen P, Luo Y, Li Y, Guo Y, Zhang H, Chu K. PdFe Single‐Atom Alloy Metallene for N2 Electroreduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingchuan Li
- Lanzhou Jiaotong University School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Peng Shen
- Lanzhou Jiaotong University School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Yaojing Luo
- Lanzhou Jiaotong University School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Yunhe Li
- Lanzhou Jiaotong University School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Yali Guo
- Lanzhou Jiaotong University School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Hu Zhang
- University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Ke Chu
- Lanzhou Jiaotong University School of Materials Science and Engineering Anning district, Lanzhou, Gansu, China Lanzhou CHINA
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Li T, Han S, Cheng C, Wang Y, Du X, Yu Y, Zhang B. Sulfate‐Enabled Nitrate Synthesis from Nitrogen Electrooxidation on a Rhodium Electrocatalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tieliang Li
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Shuhe Han
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Chuanqi Cheng
- Institute of New Energy Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Xiwen Du
- Institute of New Energy Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Yifu Yu
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
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36
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Construction of C–N bonds from small-molecule precursors through heterogeneous electrocatalysis. Nat Rev Chem 2022; 6:303-319. [PMID: 37117934 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-022-00379-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Energy-intensive thermochemical processes within chemical manufacturing are a major contributor to global CO2 emissions. With the increasing push for sustainability, the scientific community is striving to develop renewable energy-powered electrochemical technologies in lieu of CO2-emitting fossil-fuel-driven methods. However, to fully electrify chemical manufacturing, it is imperative to expand the scope of electrosynthetic technologies, particularly through the innovation of reactions involving nitrogen-based reactants. This Review focuses on a rapidly emerging area, namely the formation of C-N bonds through heterogeneous electrocatalysis. The C-N bond motif is found in many fertilizers (such as urea) as well as commodity and fine chemicals (with functional groups such as amines and amides). The ability to generate C-N bonds from reactants such as CO2, NO3- or N2 would provide sustainable alternatives to the thermochemical routes used at present. We start by examining thermochemical, enzymatic and molecular catalytic systems for C-N bond formation, identifying how concepts from these can be translated to heterogeneous electrocatalysis. Next, we discuss successful heterogeneous electrocatalytic systems and highlight promising research directions. Finally, we discuss the remaining questions and knowledge gaps and thus set the trajectory for future advances in heterogeneous electrocatalytic formation of C-N bonds.
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Zhao Y, Yan L, Zhao X. Development of Carbon‐Based Electrocatalysts for Ambient Nitrogen Reduction Reaction: Challenges and Perspectives. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202101126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanchao Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing College of Chemical Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 People's Republic of China
| | - Liting Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 People's Republic of China
| | - Xuebo Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing College of Chemical Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 People's Republic of China
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38
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39
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Mu H, Huang X, Wang W, Tian X, An Z, Wang G. High-Performance-Integrated Stretchable Supercapacitors Based on a Polyurethane Organo/Hydrogel Electrolyte. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:622-632. [PMID: 34928149 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable supercapacitors (SSCs) are promising energy storage devices for emerging wearable electronics. However, the low-energy density and poor deformation performance are still a challenge. Herein, an amphiphilic polyurethane-based organo/hydrogel electrolyte (APUGE) with a H2O/AN-in-salt (H2O/AN-NaClO4) is prepared for the first time. The as-prepared APUGE shows a wide voltage window (∼2.3 V), good adhesion, and excellent resilience. In addition, the intrinsically stretchable electrodes are prepared by coating the activated carbon slurry onto the PU/carbon black/MWCNT conductive elastic substrate. Based on the strong interface adhesion of the PU matrix, the as-assembled SSC delivers high-energy density (5.65 mW h cm-3 when the power density is 0.0256 W cm-3) and excellent deformation stability with 94.5% capacitance retention after 500 stretching cycles at 100% strain. This fully integrated construction concept is expected to be extended to multisystem stretchable metal ion batteries, stretchable lithium-sulfur batteries, and other stretchable energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchun Mu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xinming Huang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Wenqiang Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Tian
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Zhongxun An
- Shanghai Aowei Technology Development Co., Limited, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Gengchao Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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Zhang H, Song B, Zhang W, Cheng Y, Chen Q, Lu K. Activation of MoS2 Monolayer Electrocatalysts via Reduction and Phase Control in Molten Sodium for Selective Hydrogenation of Nitrogen to Ammonia. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9498-9506. [PMID: 36091910 PMCID: PMC9400674 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03804h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical nitrogen fixation under ambient conditions is promising for sustainable ammonia production but is hampered by high reaction barrier and strong competition from hydrogen evolution, leading to low specificity and faradaic efficiency with existing catalysts. Here we describe the activation of MoS2 in molten sodium that leads to simultaneous formation of a sulfur vacancy-rich heterostructured 1T/2H-MoSx monolayer via reduction and phase transformation. The resultant catalyst exhibits intrinsic activities for electrocatalytic N2-to-NH3 conversion, delivering a faradaic efficiency of 20.5% and an average NH3 rate of 93.2 μg h−1 mgcat−1. The interfacial heterojunctions with sulfur vacancies function synergistically to increase electron localization for locking up nitrogen and suppressing proton recombination. The 1T phase facilitates H–OH dissociation, with S serving as H-shuttling sites and to stabilize . The subsequently couple with nearby N2 and NHx intermediates bound at Mo sites, thus greatly promoting the activity of the catalyst. First-principles calculations revealed that the heterojunction with sulfur vacancies effectively lowered the energy barrier in the potential-determining step for nitrogen reduction, and, in combination with operando spectroscopic analysis, validated the associative electrochemical nitrogen reduction pathway. This work provides new insights on manipulating chalcogenide vacancies and phase junctions for preparing monolayered MoS2 with unique catalytic properties. We describe the activation of MoS2 in molten sodium that leads to the simultaneous formation of a sulfur vacancy-rich heterostructured 1T/2H-MoSx monolayer electrocatalyst via reduction and phase transformation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University Hefei Anhui 230601 China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Bin Song
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 China
| | - Yingwen Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University DeKalb IL 60115 USA
| | - Qianwang Chen
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University Hefei Anhui 230601 China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Ke Lu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University Hefei Anhui 230601 China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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Li H, Chong B, Xu B, Wells N, Yan X, Yang G. Nanoconfinement-Induced Conversion of Water Chemical Adsorption Properties in Nanoporous Photocatalysts to Improve Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- XJTU-Oxford International Joint Laboratory for Catalysis, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Ben Chong
- XJTU-Oxford International Joint Laboratory for Catalysis, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Baorong Xu
- XJTU-Oxford International Joint Laboratory for Catalysis, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Nathan Wells
- XJTU-Oxford International Joint Laboratory for Catalysis, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yan
- XJTU-Oxford International Joint Laboratory for Catalysis, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Guidong Yang
- XJTU-Oxford International Joint Laboratory for Catalysis, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
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