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Wang H, Yin B, Bai J, Wei X, Huang W, Chang Q, Jia H, Chen R, Zhai Y, Wu Y, Zhang C. Giant magneto-photoluminescence at ultralow field in organic microcrystal arrays for on-chip optical magnetometer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3995. [PMID: 38734699 PMCID: PMC11088683 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48464-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Optical detection of magnetic field is appealing for integrated photonics; however, the light-matter interaction is usually weak at low field. Here we observe that the photoluminescence (PL) decreases by > 40% at 10 mT in rubrene microcrystals (RMCs) prepared by a capillary-bridge assembly method. The giant magneto-PL (MPL) relies on the singlet-triplet conversion involving triplet-triplet pairs, through the processes of singlet fission (SF) and triplet fusion (TF) during radiative decay. Importantly, the size of RMCs is critical for maximizing MPL as it influences on the photophysical processes of spin state conversion. The SF/TF process is quantified by measuring the prompt/delayed PL with time-resolved spectroscopies, which shows that the geminate SF/TF associated with triplet-triplet pairs are responsible for the giant MPL. Furthermore, the RMC-based magnetometer is constructed on an optical chip, which takes advantages of remarkable low-field sensitivity over a broad range of frequencies, representing a prototype of emerging opto-spintronic molecular devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baipeng Yin
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junli Bai
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Ji Hua Laboratory Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Qingda Chang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaxin Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Chuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Suresh MI, Schwefel HGL, Vogt DW. Gallium arsenide whispering gallery mode resonators for terahertz photonics. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:33056-33063. [PMID: 37859093 DOI: 10.1364/oe.498406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
As the field of terahertz (THz) photonics advances, we present a monolithic gallium arsenide (GaAs) disk-shaped whispering gallery mode resonator that has potential as a component in THz nonlinear optics. GaAs is a material with significant optical nonlinearity which can be enhanced when the crystal is shaped into a microdisk resonator. A 4-mm-disk-resonator was fabricated using single-point diamond turning and was characterized to obtain a quality (Q) factor of 2.21k at ∼150 GHz and 1.41k at ∼300 GHz. We also demonstrated the blue-shifting of up to ∼0.3 GHz of the THz modes using a block of metal. This post-fabrication degree of freedom could be useful for phase-matching requirements for nonlinear optical processes, such as detection based on optical up-conversion of THz radiation. This proof-of-concept demonstration can pave the way for the implementation of a compact, tunable and efficient device which could be integrated into nonlinear photonic platforms for THz generation, manipulation and detection.
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Sun J, Liu YQ, Li J, Zhang X, Cai H, Zhu X, Yin H. Flexible Metamaterial Quarter-Wave Plate and Its Application in Blocking the Backward Reflection of Terahertz Waves. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1279. [PMID: 37049372 PMCID: PMC10097020 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A terahertz flexible metamaterial quarter-wave plate (QWP) is designed and fabricated using polyimide as the substrate in this paper, with a 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of 0.51 THz and high polarization conversion efficiency and transmittance. The effect of the incidence angle on the polarization conversion performance of the QWP is discussed by measuring the transmissions at multiple incidence angles. The blocking effect of this QWP combined with a polarizer on the backward reflection of terahertz waves is investigated by terahertz time-domain spectral transmission experiments. By adjusting the angle of the QWP and polarizer with respect to the incident light in the optical path, a blocking efficiency of 20 dB can be achieved at a 20° incidence angle, with a bandwidth of 0.25 THz, a maximum blocking efficiency of 58 dB at 1.73 THz, and an insertion loss of only 1.4 dB. Flexible terahertz metamaterial QWPs and polarizers can effectively block harmful reflected waves in terahertz communication and other systems. They have the advantages of a simple structure, ultra-thinness and flexibility, easy integration, no external magnetic field, and no low-temperature and other environmental requirements, thus having broad application prospects for terahertz on-chip integrated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhai Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Scattering and Radiation, Beijing 100854, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Scattering and Radiation, Beijing 100854, China
| | - Jining Li
- Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics, School of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xutao Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Scattering and Radiation, Beijing 100854, China
| | - He Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Scattering and Radiation, Beijing 100854, China
| | - Xianli Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Scattering and Radiation, Beijing 100854, China
| | - Hongcheng Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Scattering and Radiation, Beijing 100854, China
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Peng R, Zhang WZ, Chao S, Zhao C, Yang Z, Yang J, Zhou L. Unidirectional amplification in optomechanical system coupling with a structured bath. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:21649-21663. [PMID: 36224879 DOI: 10.1364/oe.457931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nonreciprocity plays an indispensable role in quantum information transmission. We theoretically study the unidirectional amplification in the non-Markovian regime, in which a nanosphere surrounded by a structured bath is trapped in a single (dual)-mode cavity. The global mechanical response function of the nanosphere is markedly altered by the non-Markovian structured bath through shifting the effective frequency and magnifying the response function. Consequently, when there is a small difference in the transmission rate within the regime of Markovian, the unidirectional amplification is achieved in the super-Ohmic spectral environment. In the double-optomechanical coupling system, the phase difference between two optomechanical couplings can reverse the transmission direction. Meanwhile, the non-Markovian bath still can amplify the signal because of the XX-type coupling between nanosphere and its bath.
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Peng P, Thapa G, Zhou J, Talbayev D. Magneto-optical nonreciprocity without chirality: Archimedean spirals on InSb. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:17193-17203. [PMID: 36221547 DOI: 10.1364/oe.456422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of magneto-optical nonreciprocity in Faraday geometry in a hybrid metamaterial consisting of an Archimedean spiral metasurface and semiconductor InSb that serves as the magneto-optical medium. None of the metamaterial constituents possesses chirality, which is usually a necessary ingredient for optical nonreciprocity in natural materials when the light travels along the magnetic field direction. We also find that our metamaterial can serve as an optical element for polarization control via magnetic field. Another significant property of our hybrid metamaterial is the emergence of the four different transmittance states, which are observed for the four combinations of the positive and negative magnetic field and the direction of the wavevector of light.
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Abstract
Terahertz (THz) electromagnetic spectrum ranging from 0.1THz to 10THz has become critical for sixth generation (6G) applications, such as high-speed communication, fingerprint chemical sensing, non-destructive biosensing, and bioimaging. However, the limited response of naturally existing materials THz waves has induced a gap in the electromagnetic spectrum, where a lack of THz functional devices using natural materials has occurred in this gap. Metamaterials, artificially composed structures that can engineer the electromagnetic properties to manipulate the waves, have enabled the development of many THz devices, known as "metadevices". Besides, the tunability of THz metadevices can be achieved by tunable structures using microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technologies, as well as tunable materials including phase change materials (PCMs), electro-optical materials (EOMs), and thermo-optical materials (TOMs). Leveraging various tuning mechanisms together with metamaterials, tremendous research works have demonstrated reconfigurable functional THz devices, playing an important role to fill the THz gap toward the 6G applications. This review introduces reconfigurable metadevices from fundamental principles of metamaterial resonant system to the design mechanisms of functional THz metamaterial devices and their related applications. Moreover, we provide perspectives on the future development of THz photonic devices for state-of-the-art applications.
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