1
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Guo S, Zhang Y, Yu Z, Dai M, Liu X, Wang H, Liu S, Koh JJ, Sun W, Feng Y, Chen Y, Yang L, Sun P, Lu G, Yu C, Chen W, De Wolf S, Wang Z, Tan SC. Leaf-based energy harvesting and storage utilizing hygroscopic iron hydrogel for continuous power generation. Nat Commun 2025; 16:5267. [PMID: 40480977 PMCID: PMC12144242 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60341-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2025] [Accepted: 05/19/2025] [Indexed: 06/11/2025] Open
Abstract
In the era of big data, developing next-generation self-powered continuous energy harvesting systems is of great importance. Taking advantage of fallen leaves' specific structural advantage gifted by nature, we propose a facile approach to convert fallen leaves into energy harvesters from ubiquitous moisture, based on surface treatments and asymmetric coating of hygroscopic iron hydrogels. Upon moisture absorption, a water gradient is established between areas with/without hydrogel coating, and maintained due to gel-like behaviors and leaf veins for water retention and diffusion restriction, thus forming electrical double layers over the leaf surface and showing capacitance-like behavior for energy charging and discharging. Besides, the specific leaf cell structures with small grooves enabled uniform carbon coatings instead of aggregations, and high electrical conductivity, resulting in 49 μA/cm2 and 497 μW/cm3 electrical output, achieving competitive performance with the state-of-art and potential for lower environmental impact compared to other types of energy harvesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Yaoxin Zhang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201306, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Ming Dai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P.R. China
| | - Xuanchen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Siqi Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - J Justin Koh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Wanxin Sun
- Division of Nano Surfaces, Bruker Corporation, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Yuanping Feng
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117551, Singapore
| | - Yuanzheng Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P.R. China
| | - Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Geyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Cunjiang Yu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Materials Research Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Nick Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Wenshuai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P.R. China.
| | - Stefaan De Wolf
- Physical and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Zuankai Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, P.R. China.
| | - Swee Ching Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore.
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2
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Yuan R, Li H, Zhao Z, Li A, Xue L, Li K, Deng X, Yu X, Li R, Liu Q, Song Y. Hermetic hydrovoltaic cell sustained by internal water circulation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:9796. [PMID: 39532866 PMCID: PMC11557918 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54216-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 11/01/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous efforts have been devoted to harvesting sustainable energy from environment. Among the promising renewable resources, ambient heat exhibits attractive prospects due to its ubiquity and inexhaustibility, and has been converted into electricity through water evaporation-induced hydrovoltaic approaches. However, current hydrovoltaic approaches function only in low-humidity environments and continuously consume water. Herein, we fabricate a hermetic hydrovoltaic cell (HHC) to harvest ambient heat, and have fully addressed the limitations posed by environmental conditions. Meanwhile, for the first time we develop an internal circulation hydrovoltaic mechanism. Taking advantage of the heterogeneous wicking bilayer structure, we verify that inside the hermetic cell, the ambient temperature fluctuation-induced evaporation and further the water circulation can persist, which sustains the hydrovoltaic effect to convert ambient heat into electricity. More importantly, the hermetic design enables the cell to work continuously and reliably for 160 h with negligible water consumption, unaffected by external influences such as wind and light, making it an excellent candidate for extreme situations such as water-scarce deserts, highly humid tropical rain forests, rainy days, and dark underground engineering. These findings provide an easily accessible and widely applicable route for stably harnessing renewable energy, and more notably, offer a novel paradigm toward leveraging low-grade ambient heat energy via circulation design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renxuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Huizeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhipeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - An Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Luanluan Xue
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Kaixuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Deng
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xinye Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Rujun Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
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3
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Xiao H, Yu Z, Liang J, Ding L, Zhu J, Wang Y, Chen S, Xin JH. Wetting Behavior-Induced Interfacial transmission of Energy and Signal: Materials, Mechanisms, and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2407856. [PMID: 39032113 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202407856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Wetting behaviors can significantly affect the transport of energy and signal (E&S) through vapor, solid, and liquid interfaces, which has prompted increased interest in interfacial science and technology. E&S transmission can be achieved using electricity, light, and heat, which often accompany and interact with each other. Over the past decade, their distinctive transport phenomena during wetting processes have made significant contributions to various domains. However, few studies have analyzed the intricate relationship between wetting behavior and E&S transport. This review summarizes and discusses the mechanisms of electrical, light, and heat transmission at wetting interfaces to elucidate their respective scientific issues, technical characteristics, challenges, commonalities, and potential for technological convergence. The materials, structures, and devices involved in E&S transportation are also analyzed. Particularly, harnessing synergistic advantages in practical applications and constructing advanced, multifunctional, and highly efficient smart systems based on wetted interfaces is the aim to provide strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Xiao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zilin Yu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jiechang Liang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Lei Ding
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jingshuai Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yuanfeng Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Shiguo Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - John H Xin
- Research Centre of Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
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4
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Han Y, Wang Y, Wang M, Lv Z, Zhang Z, He H. Selective ion migration in a polyelectrolyte driving a high-performance flexible moisture-electric generator. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:6178-6181. [PMID: 38804854 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01652a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
We propose a novel moisture-electric generator that utilizes the unique properties of a blended poly(4-styrene sulfonic acid) and poly(vinyl alcohol) with phytic acid by screen printing and scrape coating, achieving an impressive open-circuit voltage of 0.88 V from ambient humidity. This innovative design significantly enhances ion transport, moisture adsorption, and flexibility, making a marked improvement in converting environmental humidity to electrical energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Han
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Yanlei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- Longzihu New Energy Laboratory, Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450000, P. R. China
| | - Mi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaoyang Lv
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Ziqi Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Hongyan He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Longzihu New Energy Laboratory, Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450000, P. R. China
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5
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Zuo S, Wu ZP, Zhang G, Chen C, Ren Y, Liu Q, Zheng L, Zhang J, Han Y, Zhang H. Correlating Structural Disorder in Metal (Oxy)hydroxides and Catalytic Activity in Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316762. [PMID: 38038365 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the correlation between the structural evolution of electrocatalysts and their catalytic activity is both essential and challenging. In this study, we investigate this correlation in the context of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) by examining the influence of structural disorder during and after dynamic structural evolution on the OER activity of Fe-Ni (oxy)hydroxide catalysts using operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy, alongside other experiments and theoretical calculations. The Debye-Waller factors obtained from extended X-ray absorption fine structure analyses reflect the degree of structural disorder and exhibit a robust correlation with the intrinsic OER activities of the electrocatalysts. The enhanced OER activity of in situ-generated metal (oxy)hydroxides derived from different pre-catalysts is linked to increased structural disorder, offering a promising approach for designing efficient OER electrocatalysts. This strategy may inspire similar investigations in related electrocatalytic energy-conversion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouwei Zuo
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhi-Peng Wu
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Guikai Zhang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cailing Chen
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuanfu Ren
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Qiao Liu
- Institute of Micro/Nano Materials and Devices, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Lirong Zheng
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yu Han
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Electron Microscopy Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Huabin Zhang
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Han Y, Wang Y, Wang M, Dong H, Nie Y, Zhang S, He H. Nanofluid-Guided Janus Membrane for High-Efficiency Electricity Generation from Water Evaporation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2312209. [PMID: 38262622 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Harvesting electricity from widespread water evaporation provides an alternative route to cleaner power generation technology. However, current evaporation power generation (EPG) mainly depends on the dissociation process of certain functional groups (e.g., SO3 H) in water, which suffers from low power density and short-term output. Herein, the Janus membrane is prepared by combining nanofluid and water-grabbing material for EPG, where the nanoconfined ionic liquids (NCILs) serve as ion sources instead of the functional groups. Benefiting from the selective and fast transport of anions in NCILs, such EPG demonstrates excellent power performance with a voltage of 0.63 V, a short-circuit current of 140 µA, and a maximum power density of 16.55 µW cm-2 while operating for at least 180 h consistently. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and surface potential analysis reveal the molecular mechanism, that is, the diffusion of Cl- anions during evaporation is much faster than that of cations, generating the voltage and current across the membrane. Furthermore, the device performs well in varying environmental conditions, including different water temperatures and sources of evaporating water, showcasing its adaptability and integrability. Overall, the nanofluid-guided Janus membrane can efficiently transform low-grade thermal energy in evaporation into electricity, showing a competitive advantage over other sustainable applied approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yanlei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Longzihu New Energy Laboratory, Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, P. R. China
| | - Mi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi Nie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Longzihu New Energy Laboratory, Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, P. R. China
| | - Suojiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Hongyan He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Longzihu New Energy Laboratory, Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, P. R. China
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Cao YM, Su Y, Zheng M, Luo P, Xue YB, Han BB, Zheng M, Wang Z, Liao LS, Zhuo MP. Vertical Phase-Engineering MoS 2 Nanosheet-Enhanced Textiles for Efficient Moisture-Based Energy Generation. ACS NANO 2024; 18:492-505. [PMID: 38117279 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Flexible moisture-electric generators (MEGs) capture chemical energy from atmospheric moisture for sustainable electricity, gaining attention in wearable electronics. However, challenges persist in the large-scale integration and miniaturization of MEGs for long-term, high-power output. Herein, a vertical heterogeneous phase-engineering MoS2 nanosheet structure based silk and cotton were rationally designed and successfully applied to construct wearable MEGs for moisture-energy conversion. The prepared METs exhibit ∼0.8 V open-circuit voltage, ∼0.27 mA/cm2 current density for >10 h, and >36.12 μW/cm2 peak output power density, 3 orders higher than current standards. And the large-scale device realizes a current output of 0.145 A. An internal phase gradient between the 2H semiconductor MoS2 in carbonized silks and 1T metallic MoS2 in cotton fibers enables a phase-engineering-based heterogeneous electric double layer functioning as an equivalent parallel circuit, leading to enhanced high-power output. Owing to their facile customization for seamless adaptation to the human body, we envision exciting possibilities for these wearable METs as integrated self-power sources, enabling real-time monitoring of physiological parameters in wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Ming Cao
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Su
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Zheng
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Luo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Biao Xue
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin-Bin Han
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zheng
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuoshan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Sheng Liao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Peng Zhuo
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
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8
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Ni K, Xu B, Wang Z, Ren Q, Gu W, Sun B, Liu R, Zhang X. Ion-Diode-Like Heterojunction for Improving Electricity Generation from Water Droplets by Capillary Infiltration. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2305438. [PMID: 37526223 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Water-droplet-based electricity generators are emerging hydrovoltaic technologies that harvest energy from water circulation through strong interactions between water and nanomaterials. However, such devices exhibit poor current performance owing to their unclear driving force (evaporation or infiltration) and undesirable reverse diffusion current. Herein, a water-droplet-based hydrovoltaic electricity generator induced by capillary infiltration with an asymmetric structure composed of a diode-like heterojunction formed by negatively and positively charged materials is fabricated. This device can generate current densities of 160 and 450 µA cm-2 at room temperature and 65 °C, respectively. The heterojunction achieves a rectification ratio of 12, which effectively suppresses the reverse current caused by concentration differences. This results in an improved charge accumulation of ≈60 mC cm-2 in 1000 s, which is three times the value observed in the control device. When the area of the device is increased to 6 cm2 , the current increases linearly to 1 mA, thus demonstrating the scale-up potential of the generator. It has been proven that the streaming potential originates from capillary infiltration, and the presence of ion rectification. The proposed method of constructing ion-diode-like structures provides a new strategy for improving generator performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ni
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Bentian Xu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Qinyi Ren
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Baoquan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Ruiyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow Institute of Energy and Material Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
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Zhao K, Lee JW, Yu ZG, Jiang W, Oh JW, Kim G, Han H, Kim Y, Lee K, Lee S, Kim H, Kim T, Lee CE, Lee H, Jang J, Park JW, Zhang YW, Park C. Humidity-Tolerant Moisture-Driven Energy Generator with MXene Aerogel-Organohydrogel Bilayer. ACS NANO 2023; 17:5472-5485. [PMID: 36779414 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Free-standing and film-type moisture-driven energy generators (MEGs) that harness the preferential interaction of ionized moisture with hydrophilic materials are interesting because of their wearability and portability without needing a water container. However, most such MEGs work in limited humidity conditions, which provide a substantial moisture gradient. Herein, we present a high-performance MEG with sustainable power-production capability in a wide range of environments. The bilayer-based device comprises a negatively surface-charged, hydrophilic MXene (Ti3C2Tx) aerogel and polyacrylamide (PAM) ionic hydrogel. The preferential selection on the MXene aerogel of positive charges supplied from the salts and water in the hydrogel is predicted by the first-principle simulation, which results in a high electric output in a wide relative humidity range from 20% to 95%. Furthermore, by replacing the hydrogel with an organohydrogel of PAM that has excellent water retention and structural stability, a device with long-term electricity generation is realized for more than 15 days in a broad temperature range (from -20 to 80 °C). Our MXene aerogel MEGs connected in series supply sufficient power for commercial electronic components in various outdoor environments. Moreover, an MXene aerogel MEG works as a self-powered sensor for recognizing finger bending and facial expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiying Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jae Won Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Samcheok 25913, Korea
| | - Zhi Gen Yu
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jin Woo Oh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Gwanho Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hyowon Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Yeonji Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Kyuho Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Seokyeong Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - HoYeon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Taebin Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Chang Eun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hyeokjung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jihye Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jong Woong Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Yong-Wei Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Cheolmin Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
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