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Wang H, Wang X, Shen W, Zhou Y, Cui J, Li H, Yu J. CircRNA (circ)_0007823 Contributes to Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Progression and Cisplatin Resistance via the miR-182-5p/FOXO1 Pathway. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10783-9. [PMID: 38557813 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10783-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Cisplatin (DDP) is used for the clinical management of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the development of drug resistance limits its therapeutic efficacy. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are known to be involved in tumor DDP resistance. In our previous study, we reported that circ_0007823 expression is downregulated and correlated with adverse prognosis in TNBC. However, its association with DDP resistance remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the role of circ_0007823 and miR-182-5p in DDP-resistant TNBC and explore the underlying mechanisms. First, expression profiles circ_0007823, microRNA (miR)-182-5p, and forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) in TNBC cells were determined. Additionally, biological characteristics of cells, including apoptosis, cell cycle, proliferation, and migration, were analyzed using various assays. Luciferase reporter and rescue assays were used to determine the correlations among circ_0007823, miR-182-5p, and FOXO1 expression. MiR-182-5p was overexpressed in DDP-resistant TNBC cells. MiR-182-5p knockdown suppressed the invasiveness and increased the apoptosis of drug-resistant cells, contributing to G1 arrest and S phase reduction. Mechanistically, circ_0007823 targeted miR-182-5p, and its overexpression drastically reduced the promotional effects of the miR-182-5p mimic on the aggression and transfer ability of drug-resistant cells. Furthermore, FOXO1 overexpression increased the sensitivity of cells to DDP and reduced their malignant progression. Therefore, FOXO1 was established as the downstream target of miR-182-5p that may be used to treat DDP-resistant TNBC. In summary, circ_0007823 overexpression attenuated DDP resistance in TNBC via the miR-182-5p-FOXO1 axis, indicating the therapeutic potential of circ_0007823 DDP-resistant TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofeng Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, No. 786, Yuyuan Road, Changning District, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Weida Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, No. 786, Yuyuan Road, Changning District, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Yingzi Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, No. 786, Yuyuan Road, Changning District, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Haichuan Li
- Department of Laboratory, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Jinling Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, No. 786, Yuyuan Road, Changning District, Shanghai, 200050, China.
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Jia X, Wang K, Zhuo Q, Zhao Z, Li M. PARP Inhibitor for Neoadjuvant Therapy in HER2-Negative Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Efficacy and Safety. Clin Breast Cancer 2024:S1526-8209(24)00059-4. [PMID: 38580572 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2024.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Poly-ADP ribose polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) is approved for HER2-negative advanced breast cancer with BRCA1/2 mutation. In recent years, many studies have explored the application of PARPi in neoadjuvant therapy, but failed to reach a unified conclusion. PubMed, Clinicaltrials.gov, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, and key oncological meetings for trials were searched for studies reporting neoadjuvant regimens with PARPi in HER2-negative breast cancer. Pathological complete response (pCR), residual cancer burden (RCB), breast-conservation surgery rate (BCSR), clinical response, and adverse events were extracted and pooled in a meta-analysis using the Mantel Haenszel random/fixed effects model. Subgroup analyses of pCR were conducted according to BRCA1/2 status, and hormone receptor (HR) status. Five studies (N = 1223) were included, the addition of PARPi to neoadjuvant regimens significantly increased pCR rates (HR 1.45, 95%CI 1.09-1.92, P = .01, I2 = 86%). In subgroup analysis, the addition of PARPi increased the pCR rate both in HR-positive (n = 383) and HR-negative (n = 431) subgroups, which showed a dominant effect of PARPi regardless of HR status (HR 2.07, 95%CI 1.33-3.23, P = .001, I2 = 0%; HR 1.85, 95%CI 1.39-2.26, P < .0001, I2 = 0%, respectively). However, when we performed a subgroup analysis based on the status of BRCA1/2, no further benefit for PARPi was found. Adverse reactions were generally tolerable. Other outcome indexes, including RCB, clinical response, BCSR, and PARPi did not show a clinical benefit. Regardless of BRCA1/2 status, PARPi in neoadjuvant therapy, can improve the pCR rate of HER2-negative breast cancer, especially in HR-positive patients. Thus, we should have performed larger randomized trials and provided a stronger evidence-based basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Jia
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Kainan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiping Zhuo
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zuowei Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Man Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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3
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Capuozzo M, Celotto V, Santorsola M, Fabozzi A, Landi L, Ferrara F, Borzacchiello A, Granata V, Sabbatino F, Savarese G, Cascella M, Perri F, Ottaiano A. Emerging treatment approaches for triple-negative breast cancer. Med Oncol 2023; 41:5. [PMID: 38038783 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Approximately, 15% of global breast cancer cases are diagnosed as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), identified as the most aggressive subtype due to the simultaneous absence of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2. This characteristic renders TNBC highly aggressive and challenging to treat, as it excludes the use of effective drugs such as hormone therapy and anti-HER2 agents. In this review, we explore standard therapies and recent emerging approaches for TNBC, including PARP inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitors, and cytotoxin-conjugated antibodies. The mechanism of action of these drugs and their utilization in clinical practice is explained in a pragmatic and prospective manner, contextualized within the current landscape of standard therapies for this pathology. These advancements present a promising frontier for tailored interventions with the potential to significantly improve outcomes for TNBC patients. Interestingly, while TNBC poses a complex challenge, it also serves as a paradigm and an opportunity for translational research and innovative therapies in the field of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Capuozzo
- Pharmaceutical Department, ASL Napoli 3, Ercolano, 80056, Naples, Italy
| | - Venere Celotto
- Pharmaceutical Department, ASL Napoli 3, Ercolano, 80056, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Santorsola
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Fabozzi
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Loris Landi
- Sanitary District, Ds. 58 ASL Napoli 3, Pompei, 80045, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferrara
- Pharmaceutical Department, ASL Napoli 3, Via Dell'amicizia 22, Nola, 80035, Naples, Italy
| | - Assunta Borzacchiello
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, IPCB-CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenza Granata
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Sabbatino
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giovanni Savarese
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale Srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, Casalnuovo Di, 80013, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Cascella
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Perri
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ottaiano
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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4
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Masci D, Naro C, Puxeddu M, Urbani A, Sette C, La Regina G, Silvestri R. Recent Advances in Drug Discovery for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2023; 28:7513. [PMID: 38005235 PMCID: PMC10672974 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most heterogeneous and aggressive breast cancer subtypes with a high risk of death on recurrence. To date, TNBC is very difficult to treat due to the lack of an effective targeted therapy. However, recent advances in the molecular characterization of TNBC are encouraging the development of novel drugs and therapeutic combinations for its therapeutic management. In the present review, we will provide an overview of the currently available standard therapies and new emerging therapeutic strategies against TNBC, highlighting the promises that newly developed small molecules, repositioned drugs, and combination therapies have of improving treatment efficacy against these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domiziana Masci
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (A.U.)
| | - Chiara Naro
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.N.); (C.S.)
- GSTeP-Organoids Research Core Facility, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Puxeddu
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia—Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (G.L.R.)
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (A.U.)
| | - Claudio Sette
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.N.); (C.S.)
- GSTeP-Organoids Research Core Facility, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Regina
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia—Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (G.L.R.)
| | - Romano Silvestri
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia—Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (G.L.R.)
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5
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El Gazzar WB, Albakri KA, Hasan H, Badr AM, Farag AA, Saleh OM. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in the treatment landscape of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). J Oncol Pharm Pract 2023; 29:1467-1479. [PMID: 37559370 DOI: 10.1177/10781552231188903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chemotherapy is the mainstay for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. Over the years, the use of chemotherapy for these patients has demonstrated many adversities, including toxicity and resistance, which suggested the need to develop novel alternative therapeutic options, such as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi). Herein, we provide an overview on PARPi, mechanisms of action and the role of biomarkers in PARPi sensitivity trials, clinical advances in PARPi therapy for TNBC patients based on the most recent studies and findings of clinical trials, and challenges that prevent PARP inhibitors from achieving high efficacy such as resistance and overlapping toxicities with other chemotherapies. DATA SOURCES Searching for relevant articles was done using PubMed and Cochrane Library databases by using the keywords including TNBC; chemotherapy; PARPi; BRCA; homologous recombination repair (HRR). Studies had to be published in full-text in English in order to be considered. DATA SUMMARY Although PARPi have been used in the treatment of local/metastatic breast malignancies that are HER2 negative and has a germline BRCA mutation, several questions are still to be answered in order to maximize the clinical benefit of PARP inhibitors in TNBC treatment, such as questions related to the optimal use in the neoadjuvant and metastatic settings as well as the best combinations with various chemotherapies. CONCLUSIONS PARPi are emerging treatment options for patients with gBRCA1/2 mutations. Determining patients that are most likely to benefit from PARPi and identifying the optimal treatment combinations with high efficacy and fewer side effects are currently ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Bayoumie El Gazzar
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha City, Egypt
| | | | - Hanan Hasan
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Amira M Badr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amina A Farag
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha City, Egypt
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6
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Ye F, Dewanjee S, Li Y, Jha NK, Chen ZS, Kumar A, Vishakha, Behl T, Jha SK, Tang H. Advancements in clinical aspects of targeted therapy and immunotherapy in breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:105. [PMID: 37415164 PMCID: PMC10324146 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01805-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death for women worldwide. The heterogeneity of this disease presents a big challenge in its therapeutic management. However, recent advances in molecular biology and immunology enable to develop highly targeted therapies for many forms of breast cancer. The primary objective of targeted therapy is to inhibit a specific target/molecule that supports tumor progression. Ak strain transforming, cyclin-dependent kinases, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, and different growth factors have emerged as potential therapeutic targets for specific breast cancer subtypes. Many targeted drugs are currently undergoing clinical trials, and some have already received the FDA approval as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs for the treatment of different forms of breast cancer. However, the targeted drugs have yet to achieve therapeutic promise against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In this aspect, immune therapy has come up as a promising therapeutic approach specifically for TNBC patients. Different immunotherapeutic modalities including immune-checkpoint blockade, vaccination, and adoptive cell transfer have been extensively studied in the clinical setting of breast cancer, especially in TNBC patients. The FDA has already approved some immune-checkpoint blockers in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs to treat TNBC and several trials are ongoing. This review provides an overview of clinical developments and recent advancements in targeted therapies and immunotherapies for breast cancer treatment. The successes, challenges, and prospects were critically discussed to portray their profound prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
- School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Ankush Kumar
- Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Career Point University, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vishakha
- Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Career Point University, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidholi, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India.
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India.
| | - Hailin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
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7
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Di Lisa FS, Krasniqi E, Pizzuti L, Barba M, Cannita K, De Giorgi U, Borella F, Foglietta J, Cariello A, Ferro A, Picardo E, Mitidieri M, Sini V, Stani S, Tonini G, Santini D, La Verde N, Gambaro AR, Grassadonia A, Tinari N, Garrone O, Sarobba G, Livi L, Meattini I, D’Auria G, Vergati M, Gamucci T, Pistelli M, Berardi R, Risi E, Giotta F, Lorusso V, Rinaldi L, Artale S, Cazzaniga ME, Zustovich F, Cappuzzo F, Landi L, Torrisi R, Scagnoli S, Botticelli A, Michelotti A, Fratini B, Saltarelli R, Paris I, Muratore M, Cassano A, Gianni L, Gaspari V, Veltri EM, Zoratto F, Fiorio E, Fabbri MA, Mazzotta M, Ruggeri EM, Pedersini R, Valerio MR, Filomeno L, Minelli M, Scavina P, Raffaele M, Astone A, De Vita R, Pozzi M, Riccardi F, Greco F, Moscetti L, Giordano M, Maugeri-Saccà M, Zennaro A, Botti C, Pelle F, Cappelli S, Cavicchi F, Vizza E, Sanguineti G, Tomao F, Cortesi E, Marchetti P, Tomao S, Speranza I, Sperduti I, Ciliberto G, Vici P. Adjuvant capecitabine in triple negative breast cancer patients with residual disease after neoadjuvant treatment: real-world evidence from CaRe, a multicentric, observational study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1152123. [PMID: 37260975 PMCID: PMC10227592 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1152123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In triple negative breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, residual disease at surgery is the most relevant unfavorable prognostic factor. Current guidelines consider the use of adjuvant capecitabine, based on the results of the randomized CREATE-X study, carried out in Asian patients and including a small subset of triple negative tumors. Thus far, evidence on Caucasian patients is limited, and no real-world data are available. Methods We carried out a multicenter, observational study, involving 44 oncologic centres. Triple negative breast cancer patients with residual disease, treated with adjuvant capecitabine from January 2017 through June 2021, were recruited. We primarily focused on treatment tolerability, with toxicity being reported as potential cause of treatment discontinuation. Secondarily, we assessed effectiveness in the overall study population and in a subset having a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Results Overall, 270 patients were retrospectively identified. The 50.4% of the patients had residual node positive disease, 7.8% and 81.9% had large or G3 residual tumor, respectively, and 80.4% a Ki-67 >20%. Toxicity-related treatment discontinuation was observed only in 10.4% of the patients. In the whole population, at a median follow-up of 15 months, 2-year disease-free survival was 62%, 2 and 3-year overall survival 84.0% and 76.2%, respectively. In 129 patients with a median follow-up of 25 months, 2-year disease-free survival was 43.4%, 2 and 3-year overall survival 78.0% and 70.8%, respectively. Six or more cycles of capecitabine were associated with more favourable outcomes compared with less than six cycles. Conclusion The CaRe study shows an unexpectedly good tolerance of adjuvant capecitabine in a real-world setting, although effectiveness appears to be lower than that observed in the CREATE-X study. Methodological differences between the two studies impose significant limits to comparability concerning effectiveness, and strongly invite further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eriseld Krasniqi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Pizzuti
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maddalena Barba
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Cannita
- Oncology Division, Mazzini Hospital, ASL Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Ugo De Giorgi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Fulvio Borella
- Gynecology and Obstetrics 1, Department of Surgical Sciences, City of Health and Science, Sant' Anna Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Elisa Picardo
- Gynecology and Obstetrics 4, Department of Surgical Sciences, City of Health and Science, Sant' Anna Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Mitidieri
- Gynecology and Obstetrics 4, Department of Surgical Sciences, City of Health and Science, Sant' Anna Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Tonini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Biomedico, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Santini
- Medical Oncology A, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicla La Verde
- Department of Oncology, Ospedale Luigi Sacco, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Gambaro
- Department of Oncology, Ospedale Luigi Sacco, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Grassadonia
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry and Centre for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G. D’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Nicola Tinari
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences and Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G. D’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ornella Garrone
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Livi
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “M. Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Radiotherapy Unit, Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Icro Meattini
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “M. Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Radiotherapy Unit, Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Vergati
- UOC of Medical Oncology, Sandro Pertini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Gamucci
- UOC of Medical Oncology, Sandro Pertini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirco Pistelli
- Oncology Clinic, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ospedali Riuniti Hospital, Ancona, Italy
| | - Rossana Berardi
- Oncology Clinic, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ospedali Riuniti Hospital, Ancona, Italy
| | - Emanuela Risi
- Sandro Pitigliani Medical Oncology Department, Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy
| | - Francesco Giotta
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Giovanni Paolo II Institute, Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Lorusso
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Giovanni Paolo II Institute, Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Rinaldi
- “Don Tonino Bello” Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Bari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Artale
- Oncology Department, Ospedale di Gallarate, ASST Valle Olona, Gallarate, Italy
| | - Marina Elena Cazzaniga
- Phase 1 Research Centre and Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, ASST Monza, Monza, Italy
- Oncology Unit, ASST Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Fable Zustovich
- Oncology Division, AULSS 1 Dolomiti, San Martino Medical Hospital, Belluno, Italy
| | - Federico Cappuzzo
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenza Landi
- Phase I Clinical Studies Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosalba Torrisi
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Scagnoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Botticelli
- Medical Oncology A, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Michelotti
- UO Medical Oncology I, S. Chiara Hospital, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Fratini
- UO Medical Oncology I, S. Chiara Hospital, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rosa Saltarelli
- Oncology Division, San Giovanni Evangelista Hospital, ASL RM5, Rome, Italy
| | - Ida Paris
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Margherita Muratore
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cassano
- Medical Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Gianni
- Oncology Unit Rimini, Azienda USL Romagna, Rimini, Italy
| | | | | | - Federica Zoratto
- Medical Oncology Unit, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy
| | - Elena Fiorio
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Marco Mazzotta
- Medical Oncology Unit, Belcolle Hospital, Viterbo, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Rosaria Valerio
- Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lorena Filomeno
- Phase IV Clinical Studies Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Minelli
- Division of Oncology, San Giovanni Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Scavina
- Division of Oncology, San Giovanni Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Mimma Raffaele
- Presidio Oncologico Cassia – S. Andrea, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Astone
- Oncology Division, San Pietro Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Roy De Vita
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Pozzi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Filippo Greco
- Medical Oncology Unit, AULSS 9 Regione Veneto, Scaligera - Ospedale Generale Mater Salutis, Legnago, Italy
| | - Luca Moscetti
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology-Hematology, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Marcello Maugeri-Saccà
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Zennaro
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Botti
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Pelle
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Cappelli
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Cavicchi
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Vizza
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sanguineti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Tomao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Cortesi
- Medical Oncology B, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Marchetti
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS IDI, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Rome, Italy
| | - Silverio Tomao
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Iolanda Speranza
- Medical Oncology A, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Vici
- Phase IV Clinical Studies Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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8
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Farheen J, Hosmane NS, Zhao R, Zhao Q, Iqbal MZ, Kong X. Nanomaterial-assisted CRISPR gene-engineering - A hallmark for triple-negative breast cancer therapeutics advancement. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100450. [PMID: 36267139 PMCID: PMC9576993 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most violent class of tumor and accounts for 20–24% of total breast carcinoma, in which frequently rare mutation occurs in high frequency. The poor prognosis, recurrence, and metastasis in the brain, heart, liver and lungs decline the lifespan of patients by about 21 months, emphasizing the need for advanced treatment. Recently, the adaptive immunity mechanism of archaea and bacteria, called clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) combined with nanotechnology, has been utilized as a potent gene manipulating tool with an extensive clinical application in cancer genomics due to its easeful usage and cost-effectiveness. However, CRISPR/Cas are arguably the efficient technology that can be made efficient via organic material-assisted approaches. Despite the efficacy of the CRISPR/Cas@nano complex, problems regarding successful delivery, biodegradability, and toxicity remain to render its medical implications. Therefore, this review is different in focus from past reviews by (i) detailing all possible genetic mechanisms of TNBC occurrence; (ii) available treatments and gene therapies for TNBC; (iii) overview of the delivery system and utilization of CRISPR-nano complex in TNBC, and (iv) recent advances and related toxicity of CRISPR-nano complex towards clinical trials for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jabeen Farheen
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China
| | - Narayan S. Hosmane
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, 60115, USA
| | - Ruibo Zhao
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China,Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Qingwei Zhao
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy & Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - M. Zubair Iqbal
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China,Corresponding author. Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Xiangdong Kong
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China,Corresponding author. Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China
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Treatment Strategies for Residual Disease following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Early-Stage Breast Cancer. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:5810-5822. [PMID: 36005196 PMCID: PMC9406771 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29080458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer continues to be the most diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the standard of care for breast cancer patients with locally advanced disease and patients with poor pathological features, such as triple-negative (TN) or human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive subtypes. Neoadjuvant therapy offers several advantages, including better surgical outcomes, early systemic treatment for micro-metastases, and accurate tumor biology and chemosensitivity assessment. Multiple studies have shown that achieving pathological complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy is associated with better prognosis and better treatment outcomes; almost half of such patients may fail to achieve pCR. Tumor proliferative index, hormone receptor (HR) status, and HER2 expression are the major predictors of pCR. Strategies to improve pCR have been dependent on augmenting neoadjuvant chemotherapy with the addition of taxanes and dual anti-HER2 targeted therapy in patients with HER2-positive tumor, and more recently, immunotherapy for patients with TN disease. The clinical management of patients with residual disease following neoadjuvant chemotherapy varies and depends mostly on the level of HR expression and HER2 status. Recent data have suggested that switching trastuzumab to trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) in patients with HER2-positive disease and the addition of capecitabine for patients with HER2-negative and HR-negative subtype is associated with a better outcome; both strategies are incorporated into current clinical practice guidelines. This paper reviews available and ongoing studies addressing strategies to better manage patients who continue to have residual disease following neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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10
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Functions of Breast Cancer Predisposition Genes: Implications for Clinical Management. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137481. [PMID: 35806485 PMCID: PMC9267387 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 5–10% of all breast cancer (BC) cases are caused by germline pathogenic variants (GPVs) in various cancer predisposition genes (CPGs). The most common contributors to hereditary BC are BRCA1 and BRCA2, which are associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). ATM, BARD1, CHEK2, PALB2, RAD51C, and RAD51D have also been recognized as CPGs with a high to moderate risk of BC. Primary and secondary cancer prevention strategies have been established for HBOC patients; however, optimal preventive strategies for most hereditary BCs have not yet been established. Most BC-associated CPGs participate in DNA damage repair pathways and cell cycle checkpoint mechanisms, and function jointly in such cascades; therefore, a fundamental understanding of the disease drivers in such cascades can facilitate the accurate estimation of the genetic risk of developing BC and the selection of appropriate preventive and therapeutic strategies to manage hereditary BCs. Herein, we review the functions of key BC-associated CPGs and strategies for the clinical management in individuals harboring the GPVs of such genes.
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Chai Y, Chen Y, Zhang D, Wei Y, Li Z, Li Q, Xu B. Homologous Recombination Deficiency (HRD) and BRCA 1/2 Gene Mutation for Predicting the Effect of Platinum-Based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy of Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12020323. [PMID: 35207810 PMCID: PMC8876589 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12020323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platinum-based agents may benefit patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) whose tumors are dysfunctional in DNA repair mechanisms associated with the homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the values of BRCA1/2 and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) in the prediction of the pathological complete response (pCR) rates of patients with TNBC treated with platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with TNBC with BRCA or HRD status from platinum-based NAC trials were analyzed. The odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the identified studies were calculated. RESULTS 13 eligible studies between January 2000 and September 2021 were included through systematic literature searches of Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases. In 12 trials with BRCA status, 629 of 1266 (49.7%) patients with TNBC achieved pCR with platinum-based NAC, including 134 out of 222 (60.4%) BRCA1/2-mutated patients and 495 out of 1044 (47.4%) BRCA wildtype patients (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.20-2.20). The prevalence of HRD was higher than BRCA1/2 mutations in patients with TNBC (69.2% vs. 17.5%). In six trials with HRD information, pCR rates of HRD-positive patients with TNBC were significantly higher than those of HRD-negative patients with TNBC (241/412, 58.5% vs. 60/183, 32.8%, OR, 3.01; 95% CI, 2.07-4.39, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS BRCA1/2-mutated and HRD-positive patients with TNBC could benefit from platinum-based NAC. In the future, a prospective study using unified HRD testing criteria is warranted for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chai
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; (Y.C.); (D.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (B.X.)
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100021, China;
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; (Y.C.); (D.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (B.X.)
| | - Yuce Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; (Y.C.); (D.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (B.X.)
| | - Zhijun Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; (Y.C.); (D.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (B.X.)
| | - Qiao Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; (Y.C.); (D.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (B.X.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Binghe Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; (Y.C.); (D.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (B.X.)
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Martorana F, Da Silva LA, Sessa C, Colombo I. Everything Comes with a Price: The Toxicity Profile of DNA-Damage Response Targeting Agents. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040953. [PMID: 35205700 PMCID: PMC8870347 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary DNA damage induces genome instability, which may elicit cancer development. Defects in the DNA repair machinery further enhance cancer predisposition, but can also be exploited as a therapeutic target. Indeed, targeted agents against specific components of DNA repair, such as PARP inhibitors, are employed in various tumor types, while others, such as ATR, CHK1 or WEE1 inhibitors, are in clinical development. Even though these molecules have proven to be effective in different settings, they display several on- and off-target toxicities, shared by the whole pharmacological class or are drug specific. Among these effects, hematological and gastrointestinal toxicities are the most common, while others are less frequent but potentially life-threatening (e.g., myelodysplastic syndromes). Particular caution is needed in the case of combinatorial therapeutic approaches, which are currently being developed in clinical trials. In any case, it is necessary to recognize and properly manage adverse events of these drugs. This review provides a comprehensive overview on the safety profile of DDR-targeting agents, including indications for their management in clinical practice. Abstract Targeting the inherent vulnerability of cancer cells with an impaired DNA Damage Repair (DDR) machinery, Poly-ADP-Ribose-Polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have yielded significant results in several tumor types, eventually entering clinical practice for the treatment of ovarian, breast, pancreatic and prostate cancer. More recently, inhibitors of other key components of DNA repair, such as ATR, CHK1 and WEE1, have been developed and are currently under investigation in clinical trials. The inhibition of DDR inevitably induces on-target and off-target adverse events. Hematological and gastrointestinal toxicities as well as fatigue are common with all DDR-targeting agents, while other adverse events are drug specific, such as hypertension with niraparib and transaminase elevation with rucaparib. Cases of pneumonitis and secondary hematological malignancies have been reported with PARP inhibitors and, despite being overly rare, they deserve particular attention due to their severity. Safety also represents a crucial issue for the development of combination regimens incorporating DDR-targeting agents with other treatments, such as chemotherapy, anti-angiogenics or immunotherapy. As such, overlapping and cumulative toxicities should be considered, especially when more than two classes of drugs are combined. Here, we review the safety profile of DDR-targeting agents when used as single agents or in combination and we provide principles of toxicity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Martorana
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Leandro Apolinario Da Silva
- Service of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), EOC, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; (L.A.D.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Cristiana Sessa
- Service of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), EOC, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; (L.A.D.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Ilaria Colombo
- Service of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), EOC, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; (L.A.D.S.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-91-811-8194
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13
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Zhu Y, Hu Y, Tang C, Guan X, Zhang W. Platinum-based systematic therapy in triple-negative breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188678. [PMID: 35026309 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Due to the lack of definitive hormone receptors, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients receive little clinical benefit from endocrine or molecular targeted therapies, leading to a highly aggressive disease with a high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. In the past decades, chemotherapy has been the mainstay of treatment for TNBC, with taxane/anthracyclines as the representative regimen. However, increasing irreversible cardiotoxicity of anthracyclines and drug-resistance had to be noticed. Gradually, platinum-based chemotherapy has become a topic of interest for researchers. Based on the accumulating studies on platinum-containing regimens for TNBC patients, we will summarize the progress of relevant clinical trials focusing on platinum monotherapy (e.g., cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin) or in combination with other therapeutic modalities (e.g., other chemotherapeutic agents, molecular targeted therapies and immunotherapy). To further evaluate patient response to platinum and screen for the optimal population to benefit from platinum, we will also analyze current potential biomarkers, such as breast cancer susceptibility genes (BRCA1/2), homologous recombination repair deficiency (HRD), tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), TP53 family and other emerging indicators (e.g., intrinsic subtype, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) expression, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxing Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yixuan Hu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cuiju Tang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiaoxiang Guan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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New Roles of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Breast Cancer. Cancer J 2021; 27:441-456. [PMID: 34904807 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Since the proof of concept of synthetic lethality between poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition and loss of BRCA1/2 homologous recombination (HR) function in preclinical models and early phase clinical trials, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) are increasing part of standard-of-care treatment for advanced breast cancers with BRCA gene mutations. The field has also recently seen benefits for PARPi in early breast cancer in those with germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic mutations, and signals that synthetic lethal affects may occur in tumors with deficiencies in HR caused by germline, somatic, or epigenetic dysregulation of a number of HR genes. Despite the evidence of the synthetic lethal effects of PARPi, they are not always effective in HR defective cancers, and as they become part of standard of care in breast cancer, the study of prevalence of distinct mechanisms of resistance to PARPi and cross-resistance with other DNA-damaging agents such as platinum in breast cancer will be important and may inform therapy choices.
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15
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Cirri D, Bartoli F, Pratesi A, Baglini E, Barresi E, Marzo T. Strategies for the Improvement of Metal-Based Chemotherapeutic Treatments. Biomedicines 2021; 9:504. [PMID: 34064364 PMCID: PMC8147839 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the various research approaches we have explored in recent years to improve metal-based agents for cancer or infection treatments. Although cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin remain the cornerstones in tumor chemotherapy, the discovery and approval of novel inorganic anticancer drugs is a very slow process. Analogously, although a few promising inorganic drugs have found clinical application against parasitic or bacterial infections, their use remains relatively limited. Moreover, the discovery process is often affected by small therapeutic enhancements that are not attractive for the pharmaceutical industry. However, the availability of increasing mechanistic information for the modes of action of established inorganic drugs is fueling the exploration of various approaches for developing effective inorganic chemotherapy agents. Through a series of examples, some from our own research experience, we focus our attention on a number of promising strategies, including (1) drug repurposing, (2) the simple modification of the chemical structures of approved metal-based drugs, (3) testing novel drug combinations, and (4) newly synthesized complexes coupling different anticancer drugs. Accordingly, we aim to suggest and summarize a series of reliable approaches that are exploitable for the development of improved and innovative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Cirri
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DCCI), Univerisity of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesco Bartoli
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, Univerisity of Pisa, Via Risorgimento, 36, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Pratesi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DCCI), Univerisity of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Emma Baglini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.)
| | - Elisabetta Barresi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.)
| | - Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.)
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