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Lilliu E, Hackl B, Zabrodska E, Gewessler S, Karge T, Marksteiner J, Sauer J, Putz EM, Todt H, Hilber K, Koenig X. Cell size induced bias of current density in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. Channels (Austin) 2024; 18:2361416. [PMID: 38836323 PMCID: PMC11155701 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2024.2361416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Alterations in ion channel expression and function known as "electrical remodeling" contribute to the development of hypertrophy and to the emergence of arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. However, comparing current density values - an electrophysiological parameter commonly utilized to assess ion channel function - between normal and hypertrophied cells may be flawed when current amplitude does not scale with cell size. Even more, common routines to study equally sized cells or to discard measurements when large currents do not allow proper voltage-clamp control may introduce a selection bias and thereby confound direct comparison. To test a possible dependence of current density on cell size and shape, we employed whole-cell patch-clamp recording of voltage-gated sodium and calcium currents in Langendorff-isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes and Purkinje myocytes, as well as in cardiomyocytes derived from trans-aortic constriction operated mice. Here, we describe a distinct inverse relationship between voltage-gated sodium and calcium current densities and cell capacitance both in normal and hypertrophied cells. This inverse relationship was well fit by an exponential function and may be due to physiological adaptations that do not scale proportionally with cell size or may be explained by a selection bias. Our study emphasizes the need to consider cell size bias when comparing current densities in cardiomyocytes of different sizes, particularly in hypertrophic cells. Conventional comparisons based solely on mean current density may be inadequate for groups with unequal cell size or non-proportional current amplitude and cell size scaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lilliu
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin Hackl
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Zabrodska
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stefanie Gewessler
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tobias Karge
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jessica Marksteiner
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jakob Sauer
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva M. Putz
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hannes Todt
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karlheinz Hilber
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xaver Koenig
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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2
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Liu S, Su L, Li J, Zhang Y, Hu X, Wang P, Liu P, Ye J. Inhibition of miR-146b-5p alleviates isoprenaline-induced cardiac hypertrophy via regulating DFCP1. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 589:112252. [PMID: 38649132 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy often precedes heart failure due to various stimuli, yet effective clinical interventions remain limited. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as critical regulators of cardiovascular development. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-146b-5p and its underlying mechanisms of action in cardiac hypertrophy. Isoprenaline (ISO) treatment induced significant hypertrophy and markedly enhanced the expression of miR-146b-5p in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and hearts of C57BL/6 mice. Transfection with the miR-146b-5p mimic led to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy accompanied by autophagy inhibition. Conversely, miR-146b-5p inhibition significantly alleviated ISO-induced autophagy depression, thereby mitigating cardiac hypertrophy both in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that the autophagy-related mediator double FYVE domain-containing protein 1 (DFCP1) is a target of miR-146b-5p. MiR-146b-5p blocked autophagic flux in cardiomyocytes by suppressing DFCP1, thus contributing to hypertrophy. These findings revealed that miR-146b-5p is a potential regulator of autophagy associated with the onset of cardiac hypertrophy, suggesting a possible therapeutic strategy involving the inhibition of miR-146b-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siling Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, China
| | - Linjie Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, China
| | - Yuexin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, China
| | - Xiaopei Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, China.
| | - Jiantao Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, China.
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3
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Zhou M, Li R, Hua H, Dai Y, Yin Z, Li L, Zeng J, Yang M, Zhao J, Tan R. The role of tetrahydrocurcumin in disease prevention and treatment. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 38836693 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05739a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, natural compounds derived from herbal medicine or dietary sources have played important roles in prevention and treatment of various diseases and have attracted more and more attention. Curcumin, extracted from the Curcumae Longae Rhizoma and widely used as food spice and coloring agent, has been proven to possess high pharmacological value. However, the pharmacological application of curcumin is limited due to its poor systemic bioavailability. As a major active metabolite of curcumin, tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) has higher bioavailability and stability than curcumin. Increasing evidence confirmed that THC had a wide range of biological activities and significant treatment effects on diseases. In this paper, we reviewed the research progress on the biological activities and therapeutic potential of THC on different diseases such as neurological disorders, metabolic syndromes, cancers, and inflammatory diseases. The extensive pharmacological effects of THC involve the modulation of various signaling transduction pathways including MAPK, JAK/STAT, NF-κB, Nrf2, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, AMPK, Wnt/β-catenin. In addition, the pharmacokinetics, drug combination and toxicology of THC were discussed, thus providing scientific basis for the safe application of THC and the development of its dietary supplements and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Hua
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Ying Dai
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhujun Yin
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Li Li
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jin Zeng
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Mengni Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Junning Zhao
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Beijing 100038, China.
| | - Ruirong Tan
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
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Li T, Sun M, Sun Q, Ren X, Xu Q, Sun Z, Duan J. PM 2.5-induced iron homeostasis imbalance triggers cardiac hypertrophy through ferroptosis in a selective autophagy crosstalk manner. Redox Biol 2024; 72:103158. [PMID: 38631121 PMCID: PMC11033202 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposure to PM2.5 is correlated with cardiac remodeling, of which cardiac hypertrophy is one of the main clinical manifestations. Ferroptosis plays an important role in cardiac hypertrophy. However, the potential mechanism of PM2.5-induced cardiac hypertrophy through ferroptosis remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of cardiac hypertrophy caused by PM2.5 and the intervention role of MitoQ involved in this process. The results showed that PM2.5 could induce cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in mice. Meanwhile, the characteristics of ferroptosis were observed, such as iron homeostasis imbalance, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial damage and abnormal expression of key molecules. MitoQ treatment could effectively mitigate these alternations. After treating human cardiomyocyte AC16 with PM2.5, ferroptosis activator (Erastin) and inhibitor (Fer-1), it was found that PM2.5 could promote ferritinophagy and lead to lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction as well as the accumulation of intracellular and mitochondrial labile iron. Subsequently, mitophagy was activated and provided an additional source of labile iron, enhancing the sensitivity of AC16 cells to ferroptosis. Furthermore, Fer-1 alleviated PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity and iron overload in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of AC16 cells. It was worth noting that during the process of PM2.5 caused ferroptosis, abnormal iron metabolism mediated the activation of ferritinophagy and mitophagy in a temporal order. In addition, NCOA4 knockdown reversed the iron homeostasis imbalance and lipid peroxidation caused by PM2.5, thereby alleviating ferroptosis. In summary, our study found that iron homeostasis imbalance-mediated the crosstalk of ferritinophagy and mitophagy played an important role in PM2.5-induced ferroptosis and cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Mengqi Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Qinglin Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Xiaoke Ren
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Qing Xu
- Core Facilities for Electrophysiology, Core Facilities Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
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5
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He W, Wei J, Liu X, Zhang Z, Huang R, Jiang Z. Semaglutide ameliorates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy by improving cardiac mitophagy to suppress the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11824. [PMID: 38782946 PMCID: PMC11116553 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62465-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is an important cause of heart failure(HF). Recent studies reveal that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) agonists can improve mortality and left ventricular ejection fraction in the patients with type 2 diabetes and HF. The present study aims to investigate whether semaglutide, a long-acting GLP1R agonist, can ameliorate cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload, and explore the potential mechanism. The rats were performed transverse aortic constriction (TAC) to mimic pressure overload model. The rats were divided into four groups including Sham, TAC, TAC + semaglutide, and TAC + semaglutide + HCQ (hydroxychloroquine, an inhibitor of mitophagy). The rats in each experimental group received their respective interventions for 4 weeks. The parameters of left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH) were measured by echocardiography, Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, western-blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively. The changes of mitophagy were reflected by detecting cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COXII), LC3II/LC3I, mitochondria, and autophagosomes. Meanwhile, NLRP3, Caspase-1, and interleukin-18 were detected to evaluate the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in each group. The results suggest that LVH, impaired mitophagy, and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome were present in TAC rats. Semaglutide significantly reduced LVH, improve mitophagy, and down-regulated NLRP3 inflammatory signal pathway in TAC rats. However, the reversed effect of semaglutide on cardiac hypertrophy was abolished by HCQ, which restored the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome suppressed by improved mitophagy. In conclusion, semaglutide ameliorates the cardiac hypertrophy by improving cardiac mitophagy to suppress the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Semaglutide may be a novel potential option for intervention of cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu He
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jiahe Wei
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zhongyin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Rongjie Huang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, China.
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6
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Cuspidi C, Facchetti R, Quarti-Trevano F, Dell'Oro R, Mancia G, Grassi G. Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index as a Marker of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Treated Hypertensives: Findings From the Pamela Study. Am J Hypertens 2024; 37:399-406. [PMID: 38441300 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpae022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Findings regarding the association between Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) and cardiac hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD), such as left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) assessed by echocardiography, in elderly hypertensive patients are scanty. We sought to investigate this issue in the hypertensive fraction of the general population treated with anti-hypertensive drugs enrolled in the Pressioni Monitorate E Loro Associazioni (PAMELA) study. METHODS The study included 239 out of 562 participants who attended the second and third surveys of the PAMELA study performed after 10 and 25 years from the initial evaluation. Data collection included medical history, anthropometric parameters, office, home, ambulatory blood pressure (BP), blood examinations, echocardiography, and CAVI measurements. RESULTS In the whole study sample (age 69 ± 9 years, 54% males), CAVI was positively correlated with age, office, home, ambulatory systolic BP, LV mass (LVM) index, and negatively associated with body mass index (BMI). In multivariate analysis, CAVI was associated with the LVM index (P < 0.05) independently of major confounders. The participants with LVH exhibited significantly higher CAVI (10.6 ± 2.8 vs. 9.2 ± 1.8 m/s P < 0.001), larger left atrial diameter, and lower LV ejection fraction values than their counterparts without it. The CAVI value of 9.4 m/s was the best cut-off for prediction of LVH in the whole sample. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides new evidence of an independent association between CAVI and LVH in treated elderly hypertensive patients and suggests that the use of this metric of arterial stiffness could not only be used to evaluate vascular damage but also to stratify the risk of LVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Cuspidi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Rita Facchetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Raffaella Dell'Oro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mancia
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Guido Grassi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
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7
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Kawasoe S, Ohishi M. Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:1225-1226. [PMID: 38467796 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01634-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Shin Kawasoe
- Department of Prevention and Analysis of Cardiovascular Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Mitsuru Ohishi
- Department of Prevention and Analysis of Cardiovascular Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan
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Liu Y, Li Q, Shao C, She Y, Zhou H, Guo Y, An H, Wang T, Yang J, Wan H. Exploring the Potential Mechanisms of Guanxinshutong Capsules in Treating Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy based on Network Pharmacology, Computer-Aided Drug Design, and Animal Experiments. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:18083-18098. [PMID: 38680308 PMCID: PMC11044149 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and pathological cardiac hypertrophy (PCH) is an essential predictor of many heart diseases. Guanxinshutong capsule (GXST) is a Chinese patent medicine widely used in the clinical treatment of CVD, In our previous research, we identified 111 compounds of GXST. In order to reveal the potential molecular mechanisms by which GXST treats PCH, this study employed network pharmacology methods to screen for the active ingredients of GXST in treating PCH and predicted the potential targets. The results identified 26 active ingredients of GXST and 110 potential targets for PCH. Through a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, gene ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, we confirmed AKT1, MAPK1, and MAPK3 as the core proteins in GXST treatment of PCH, thus establishing the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways as the significant mechanisms of GXST in treating PCH. The results of molecular docking (MD) demonstrate that flavonoid naringenin and diterpenoid tanshinone iia have the highest binding affinity with the core protein. Before performing molecular dynamics simulations (MDSs), the geometric structure of naringenin and tanshinone iia was optimized using density functional theory (DFT) at the B97-3c level, and RESP2 atomic charge calculations were carried out at the B3LYP-D3(BJ)/def2-TZVP level. Further MDS results demonstrated that in the human body environment, the complex of naringenin and tanshinone iii with core proteins exhibited high stability, flexibility, and low binding free energy. Additionally, naringenin and tanshinone iia showed favorable absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) characteristics and passed the drug similarity (DS) assessment. Ultrasound cardiograms and cardiac morphometric measurements in animal experiments demonstrate that GXST can improve the PCH induced by isoproterenol (ISO). Protein immunoblotting results indicate that GXST increases the expression of P-eNOS and eNOS by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and the MAPK signaling pathway, further elucidating the mechanism of action of GXST in treating PCH. This study contributes to the elucidation of the key ingredients and molecular mechanisms of GXST in treating PCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Liu
- College
of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical
University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Qixiang Li
- College
of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese
Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Chongyu Shao
- College
of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese
Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
- Key
Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, No.548, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Yong She
- College
of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical
University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Huifen Zhou
- College
of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese
Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
- Key
Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, No.548, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Hangzhou
TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Huiyan An
- College
of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical
University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Ting Wang
- College
of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese
Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Jiehong Yang
- College
of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese
Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
- Key
Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, No.548, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Haitong Wan
- College
of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese
Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
- Key
Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, No.548, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
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9
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Godoy Coto J, Pereyra EV, Cavalli FA, Valverde CA, Caldiz CI, Maté SM, Yeves AM, Ennis IL. Exercise-induced cardiac mitochondrial reorganization and enhancement in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Pflugers Arch 2024:10.1007/s00424-024-02956-7. [PMID: 38625371 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02956-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The myocardium is a highly oxidative tissue in which mitochondria are essential to supply the energy required to maintain pump function. When pathological hypertrophy develops, energy consumption augments and jeopardizes mitochondrial capacity. We explored the cardiac consequences of chronic swimming training, focusing on the mitochondrial network, in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Male adult SHR were randomized to sedentary or trained (T: 8-week swimming protocol). Blood pressure and echocardiograms were recorded, and hearts were removed at the end of the training period to perform molecular, imaging, or isolated mitochondria studies. Swimming improved cardiac midventricular shortening and decreased the pathological hypertrophic marker atrial natriuretic peptide. Oxidative stress was reduced, and even more interesting, mitochondrial spatial distribution, dynamics, function, and ATP were significantly improved in the myocardium of T rats. In the signaling pathway triggered by training, we detected an increase in the phosphorylation level of both AKT and glycogen synthase kinase-3 β, key downstream targets of insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling that are crucially involved in mitochondria biogenesis and integrity. Aerobic exercise training emerges as an effective approach to improve pathological cardiac hypertrophy and bioenergetics in hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Godoy Coto
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Erica V Pereyra
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Fiorella A Cavalli
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Valverde
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Claudia I Caldiz
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Sabina M Maté
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner" - Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Alejandra M Yeves
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Irene L Ennis
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina.
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10
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Simko F, Stanko P, Repova K, Baka T, Krajcirovicova K, Aziriova S, Domenig O, Zorad S, Adamcova M, Paulis L. Effect of sacubitril/valsartan on the hypertensive heart in continuous light-induced and lactacystin-induced pre-hypertension: Interactions with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116391. [PMID: 38461685 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated whether sacubitril/valsartan or valsartan are able to prevent left ventricular (LV) fibrotic remodelling and dysfunction in two experimental models of pre-hypertension induced by continuous light (24 hours/day) exposure or by chronic lactacystin treatment, and how this potential protection interferes with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Nine groups of three-month-old male Wistar rats were treated for six weeks as follows: untreated controls (C), sacubitril/valsartan (ARNI), valsartan (Val), continuous light (24), continuous light plus sacubitril/valsartan (24+ARNI) or valsartan (24+Val), lactacystin (Lact), lactacystin plus sacubitil/valsartan (Lact+ARNI) or plus valsartan (Lact+Val). Both the 24 and Lact groups developed a mild but significant systolic blood pressure (SBP) increase, LV hypertrophy and fibrosis, as well as LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Yet, no changes in serum renin-angiotensin were observed either in the 24 or Lact groups, though aldosterone was increased in the Lact group compared to the controls. In both models, sacubitril/valsartan and valsartan reduced elevated SBP, LV hypertrophy and fibrosis and attenuated LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Sacubitril/valsartan and valsartan increased the serum levels of angiotensin (Ang) II, Ang III, Ang IV, Ang 1-5, Ang 1-7 in the 24 and Lact groups and reduced aldosterone in the Lact group. We conclude that both continuous light exposure and lactacystin treatment induced normal-to-low serum renin-angiotensin models of pre-hypertension, whereas aldosterone was increased in lactacystin-induced pre-hypertension. The protection by ARNI or valsartan in the hypertensive heart in either model was related to the Ang II blockade and the protective Ang 1-7, while in lactacystin-induced pre-hypertension this protection seems to be additionally related to the reduced aldosterone level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedor Simko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava 81108, Slovak Republic; 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava 83305, Slovak Republic; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 84505, Slovak Republic.
| | - Peter Stanko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava 81108, Slovak Republic; Department of Pneumology, Phthisiology and Functional Diagnostics, Slovak Medical University and Bratislava University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Kristina Repova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava 81108, Slovak Republic
| | - Tomas Baka
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava 81108, Slovak Republic
| | - Kristina Krajcirovicova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava 81108, Slovak Republic
| | - Silvia Aziriova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava 81108, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Stefan Zorad
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 84505, Slovak Republic
| | - Michaela Adamcova
- Department of Physiology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 50003, Czech Republic
| | - Ludovit Paulis
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava 81108, Slovak Republic; Centre of Experimental Medicine SAS, Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 813 71, Slovak Republic
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11
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Lin S, Zhang S, Zhan A, Feng J, Yang Q, Li T, Liu Z, Mo Q, Fan H, Wang K, Wang L. Palmatine alleviates cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting fibroblast activation through the STAT3 pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 967:176395. [PMID: 38350592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis, the hallmark of cardiovascular disease, is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix in the heart. Emerging evidence indicates that cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) play pivotal roles in driving cardiac fibrosis. However, due to incomplete insights into CFs, there are limited effective approaches to prevent or reverse cardiac fibrosis currently. Palmatine, a protoberberine alkaloid extracted from traditional Chinese botanical remedies, possesses diverse biological effects. This study investigated the potential therapeutic value and mechanism of palmatine against cardiac fibrosis. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were treated with vehicle, isoproterenol (ISO), or ISO plus palmatine for one week. After echocardiography assessment, mice hearts were collected for histopathology, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analyses. Primary rat CFs were utilized in vitro. Compared to control, ISO-treated mice exhibited cardiac hypertrophy and structural abnormalities; however, treatment with palmatine ameliorated these effects of ISO. Moreover, palmatine treatment mitigated ISO-induced cardiac fibrosis. Network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis showed that palmatine strongly binds the regulators of cardiac fibrosis including signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and mammalian target of rapamycin. Furthermore, palmatine reduced the elevated fibrotic factor expressions and overactivated STAT3 induced by ISO, Transformed growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), or interleukin-6 both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, blocking STAT3 suppressed the TGF-β1-induced CF activation. Collectively, these data demonstrated that palmatine attenuated cardiac fibrosis partly by inhibiting fibroblast activation through the STAT3 pathway. This provides an experimental basis for the clinical treatment of cardiac fibrosis with palmatine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoling Lin
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glycolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shengxi Zhang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glycolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Hydropower Group Hospital, Guangzhou, 511340, China
| | - Angyu Zhan
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glycolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiaojiao Feng
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glycolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glycolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Tongjun Li
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glycolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zijian Liu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Quqian Mo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glycolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hui Fan
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glycolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Keke Wang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Lexun Wang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glycolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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12
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Kesidou D, Beqqali A, Baker AH. The dual effects of miR-222 in cardiac hypertrophy: bridging pathological and physiological paradigms. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:217-219. [PMID: 38484215 PMCID: PMC10939457 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Kesidou
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, EH16 4TJ Edinburgh, UK
| | - Abdelaziz Beqqali
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, EH16 4TJ Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew H Baker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, EH16 4TJ Edinburgh, UK
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
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13
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Zhang X, Nie Y, Zhang R, Yu J, Ge J. Reduced DNMT1 levels induce cell apoptosis via upregulation of METTL3 in cardiac hypertrophy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24572. [PMID: 38314261 PMCID: PMC10837504 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is also involved in the development and progression of cardiac diseases. Although studies have shown that DNA methylation and RNA m6A methylation play an important role in the development of myocardial hypertrophy, whether DNA methylation and RNA m6A methylation have a coordinated role in the development of myocardial hypertrophy and influence each other is still unknown. Here, we found that DNMT1 expression was downregulated in TAC mice and Ang II-treated NRCMs. Moreover, DNMT1 overexpression inhibited Ang II-induced apoptosis of NRCMs. Furthermore, we found that the expression of METTL3 was up-regulated after inhibiting the expression of DNMT1 by a DNMT1 inhibitor or small interfering RNA. In addition, ectopic expression DNMT1 inhibited METTL3 expression in NRCMs. Furthermore, METTL3 expression was elevated in NRCMs treated with Ang II, and suppression of METTL3 inhibited cell apoptosis induced by Ang II in NRCMs.In addition, this study revealed that the DNMT1/METTL3 pathway affected Ang II-induced apoptosis in NRCMs. Finally, this study found that DNMT1, but not METTL3, might directly regulated the ANP and BNP expression. Collectively, our findings revealed the role of the DNMT1/METTL3 pathway in cardiac hypertrophy and provided a novel molecular mechanism describing the physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Cardiac surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Jiquan Yu
- Department of Cardiac surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Jianjun Ge
- Department of Cardiac surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, 230001, China
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14
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Faggiano A, Gherbesi E, Tadic M, Carugo S, Grassi G, Cuspidi C. Do We Need New Electrocardiographic Criteria for Left Ventricular Hypertrophy? The Case of the Peguero-Lo Presti Criterion. A Narrative Review. Am J Hypertens 2024; 37:155-162. [PMID: 38112655 PMCID: PMC10906064 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpad117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The cardiovascular risk associated with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in the community and, particularly, in the hypertensive fraction of the general population, represents the rationale for its timely and accurate identification in order to implement adequate preventive strategies. Although electrocardiography (ECG) is the first-line and most economical method of diagnosing LVH its accuracy is largely suboptimal. Over the last 70 years, dozens of different ECG criteria, mostly based on measurements of QRS voltages, have been proposed. In this long journey, a few years ago Peguero et al. developed a novel ECG voltage criterion, currently recognized as Peguero-Lo Presti (PLP) suggesting that it has greater sensitivity than traditional ECG-LVH criteria. Considering that in the last 5 years numerous studies have investigated the diagnostic value of this new index, this review aimed to summarize the data published so far on this topic focusing both on the accuracy in identifying the presence of LVH compared with imaging techniques such as echocardiography (ECHO) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the value in predicting hard outcomes. The evidence in favor of the greater diagnostic accuracy of the PLP criterion in detecting LVH, phenotyped by ECHO or MRI, and in the stratification of hard outcomes compared with traditional ECG criteria does not appear to be sufficiently proven. Given that the diagnosis of LVH by all ECG criteria (including the PLP) exclusively based on the QRS amplitude is largely imprecise, the development of new multiparametric ECG criteria based on artificial intelligence could represent a real improvement in the diagnostic capacity of the ECG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Faggiano
- Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Gherbesi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marijana Tadic
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Diseases, University Heart Center Ulm, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stefano Carugo
- Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Guido Grassi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Cesare Cuspidi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
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15
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Forte M, Sarto G, Sciarretta S. miR-93 and synaptotagmin-7: two novel players in the regulation of autophagy during cardiac hypertrophy. FEBS J 2024; 291:441-444. [PMID: 38037874 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms involved in the transition of cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure (HF) are not fully characterized. Autophagy is a catabolic, self-renewal intracellular mechanism, which protects the heart during HF. In the heart of a mouse model of angiotensin-II-induced hypertrophy, Sun and colleagues demonstrated that reduced levels of miR-93 lead to synaptotagmin-7 (Syt-7) upregulation and consequent inhibition of autophagy. miR-93 overexpression or syt-7 inhibition rescues autophagy and maladaptive hypertrophy. This research identifies new players in the pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy, opening innovative therapeutic perspectives. miR-93 may also be considered in the future as a novel circulating biomarker for patients at high risk to develop HF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
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16
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Wu KJ, Chen Q, Leung CH, Sun N, Gao F, Chen Z. Recent discoveries of the role of histone modifications and related inhibitors in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103878. [PMID: 38211819 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.103878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is a common response of the heart to various pathological stimuli. In recent years, various histone modifications, including acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation and ubiquitination, have been identified to have crucial roles in regulating chromatin remodeling and cardiac hypertrophy. Novel drugs targeting these epigenetic changes have emerged as potential treatments for pathological cardiac hypertrophy. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the roles of histone modifications in regulating the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy, and discuss potential therapeutic targets that could be utilized for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jia Wu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu 214082, PR China
| | - Qi Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu 214082, PR China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau; Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau; MoE Frontiers Science Centre for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau.
| | - Ning Sun
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu 214082, PR China.
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Zhaoyang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xin-Quan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, PR China.
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17
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Martin TG, Hunt DR, Langer SJ, Tan Y, Ebmeier CC, Crocini C, Chung E, Leinwand LA. A Conserved Mechanism of Cardiac Hypertrophy Regression through FoxO1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.27.577585. [PMID: 38328143 PMCID: PMC10849654 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.27.577585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The heart is a highly plastic organ that responds to diverse stimuli to modify form and function. The molecular mechanisms of adaptive physiological cardiac hypertrophy are well-established; however, the regulation of hypertrophy regression is poorly understood. To identify molecular features of regression, we studied Burmese pythons which experience reversible cardiac hypertrophy following large, infrequent meals. Using multi-omics screens followed by targeted analyses, we found forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) transcription factor signaling, and downstream autophagy activity, were downregulated during hypertrophy, but re-activated with regression. To determine whether these events were mechanistically related to regression, we established an in vitro platform of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and regression from treatment with fed python plasma. FoxO1 inhibition prevented regression in this system, while FoxO1 activation reversed fed python plasma-induced hypertrophy in an autophagy-dependent manner. We next examined whether FoxO1 was implicated in mammalian models of reversible hypertrophy from exercise and pregnancy and found that in both cases FoxO1 was activated during regression. In these models, as in pythons, activation of FoxO1 was associated with increased expression FoxO1 target genes involved in autophagy. Taken together, our findings suggest FoxO1-dependent autophagy is a conserved mechanism for regression of physiological cardiac hypertrophy across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G. Martin
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
| | - Dakota R. Hunt
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
| | - Stephen J. Langer
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
| | - Yuxiao Tan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
| | - Christopher C. Ebmeier
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
| | - Claudia Crocini
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
| | - Eunhee Chung
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Leslie A. Leinwand
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
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18
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Reiter RJ, Sharma R, Chuffa LGDA, Simko F, Dominguez-Rodriguez A. Mitochondrial Melatonin: Beneficial Effects in Protecting against Heart Failure. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:88. [PMID: 38255703 PMCID: PMC10820220 DOI: 10.3390/life14010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the cause of physical infirmity and thousands of deaths annually. Typically, during heart failure, cardiomyocyte mitochondria falter in terms of energy production and metabolic processing. Additionally, inflammation and the accumulation of non-contractile fibrous tissue contribute to cardiac malfunction. Melatonin, an endogenously produced molecule, experimentally reduces the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic lesions, which are often the basis of coronary artery disease. The current review critically analyzes published data related to the experimental use of melatonin to forestall coronary artery pathologies. Collectively, these studies document melatonin's anti-atherosclerotic actions in reducing LDL oxidation and triglyceride levels, lowering endothelial malfunction, limiting adhesion molecule formation, preventing macrophage polarization to the M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype, changing cellular metabolism, scavenging destructive reactive oxygen species, preventing the proliferation and invasion of arterial smooth muscle cells into the lesioned area, restricting the ingrowth of blood vessels from the vasa vasorum, and solidifying the plaque cap to reduce the chance of its rupture. Diabetic hyperglycemia, which aggravates atherosclerotic plaque formation, is also inhibited by melatonin supplementation in experimental animals. The potential value of non-toxic melatonin as a possible inhibitor of cardiac pathology in humans should be seriously considered by performing clinical trials using this multifunctional molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Ramaswamy Sharma
- Applied Biomedical Sciences, School of Osteopathic Medicine, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78235, USA
| | - Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology-IBB/UNESP, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Fedor Simko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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19
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Wang X, Bai R. Advances in smart delivery of magnetic field-targeted drugs in cardiovascular diseases. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2256495. [PMID: 37702067 PMCID: PMC10501169 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2256495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic Drug Targeting (MDT) is of particular interest to researchers because of its good loading efficiency, targeting accuracy, and versatile use in vivo. Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is a global chronic disease with a high mortality rate, and the development of more precise and effective treatments is imminent. A growing number of studies have begun to explore the feasibility of MDT in CVD, but an up-to-date systematic summary is still lacking. This review discusses the current research status of MDT from guiding magnetic fields, magnetic nanocarriers, delivery channels, drug release control, and safety assessment. The current application status of MDT in CVD is also critically introduced. On this basis, new insights into the existing problems and future optimization directions of MDT are further highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ruru Bai
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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20
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Arnaud C, Billoir E, de Melo Junior AF, Pereira SA, O'Halloran KD, Monteiro EC. Chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced cardiovascular and renal dysfunction: from adaptation to maladaptation. J Physiol 2023; 601:5553-5577. [PMID: 37882783 DOI: 10.1113/jp284166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) is the dominant pathological feature of human obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), which is highly prevalent and associated with cardiovascular and renal diseases. CIH causes hypertension, centred on sympathetic nervous overactivity, which persists following removal of the CIH stimulus. Molecular mechanisms contributing to CIH-induced hypertension have been carefully delineated. However, there is a dearth of knowledge on the efficacy of interventions to ameliorate high blood pressure in established disease. CIH causes endothelial dysfunction, aberrant structural remodelling of vessels and accelerates atherosclerotic processes. Pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant pathways converge on disrupted nitric oxide signalling driving vascular dysfunction. In addition, CIH has adverse effects on the myocardium, manifesting atrial fibrillation, and cardiac remodelling progressing to contractile dysfunction. Sympatho-vagal imbalance, oxidative stress, inflammation, dysregulated HIF-1α transcriptional responses and resultant pro-apoptotic ER stress, calcium dysregulation, and mitochondrial dysfunction conspire to drive myocardial injury and failure. CIH elaborates direct and indirect effects in the kidney that initially contribute to the development of hypertension and later to chronic kidney disease. CIH-induced morphological damage of the kidney is dependent on TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1 inflammasome activation and associated pyroptosis. Emerging potential therapies related to the gut-kidney axis and blockade of aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhR) are promising. Cardiorenal outcomes in response to intermittent hypoxia present along a continuum from adaptation to maladaptation and are dependent on the intensity and duration of exposure to intermittent hypoxia. This heterogeneity of OSA is relevant to therapeutic treatment options and we argue the need for better stratification of OSA phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Arnaud
- Université Grenoble-Alpes INSERM U1300, Laboratoire HP2, Grenoble, France
| | - Emma Billoir
- Université Grenoble-Alpes INSERM U1300, Laboratoire HP2, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Sofia A Pereira
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ken D O'Halloran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Emilia C Monteiro
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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21
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Zhang D, Liu J, Xiao H, Li J, Cao L, Li G. Deciphering transcriptional dynamics of cardiac hypertrophy and failure in a chamber-specific manner. BIOMOLECULES & BIOMEDICINE 2023; 23:984-996. [PMID: 37334749 PMCID: PMC10655874 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2023.8997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Pressure overload-induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is a complexed and adaptive remodeling of the heart, predominantly involving an increase in cardiomyocyte size and thickening of ventricular walls. Over time, these changes can lead to heart failure (HF). However, the individual and shared biological mechanisms of both processes remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify key genes and signaling pathways associated with CH and HF following aortic arch constriction (TAC) at four weeks and six weeks, respectively, and to investigate potential underlying molecular mechanisms in this dynamic transition from CH to HF at the whole cardiac transcriptome level. Initially, a total of 363, 482, and 264 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for CH, and 317, 305, and 416 DEGs for HF were identified in the left atrium (LA), left ventricle (LV), and right ventricle (RV), respectively. These identified DEGs could serve as biomarkers for the two conditions in different heart chambers. Additionaly, two communal DEGs, elastin (ELN) and hemoglobin beta chain-beta S variant (HBB-BS), were found in all chambers, with 35 communal DEGs in the LA and LV and 15 communal DEGs in the LV and RV in both CH and HF. Functional enrichment analysis of these genes emphasized the crucial roles of the extracellular matrix and sarcolemma in CH and HF. Lastly, three groups of hub genes, including the lysyl oxidase (LOX) family, fibroblast growth factors (FGF) family, and NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (NDUF) family, were determined to be essential genes of dynamic changes from CH to HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Haiying Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ling Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Guang Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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22
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Cuspidi C, Faggiano A, Mancia G, Grassi G. Echocardiographic Phenotypes of Subclinical Organ Damage: Clinical and Prognostic Value in the General Population. Findings from the Pamela Study. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2023; 30:497-511. [PMID: 38032423 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-023-00610-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Subclinical alterations in cardiac structure and function include a variety of abnormal phenotypes of established adverse prognostic significance such as left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), alterations of LV geometry, left atrial (LA) enlargement, and aortic root (AR) dilatation. The excess cardiovascular (CV) risk associated with these phenotypes has been consistently demonstrated in different clinical settings such in patients with systemic hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, heart failure and in geneal population samples. The Pressioni Monitorate e Loro Associazioni (PAMELA), a longitudinal population-based study originally designed to assess the normality values, prognostic significance of office, home and 24-hour blood pressure, including among the many clinical and laboratory variables the collection of echocardiographic data, allowed to gather important information on the clinical prognostic significance of subclinical cardiac damage during a long follow-up period. This article summarizes the original findings provided by the PAMELA study on the clinical correlates and prognostic significance of echocardiographic markers of subclinical organa damage namely LVH, left atrial enlargement (LA) and AR dilatation at the community level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Cuspidi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
| | - Andrea Faggiano
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Diseases, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mancia
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Guido Grassi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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23
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Wan J, Zhang Z, Wu C, Tian S, Zang Y, Jin G, Sun Q, Wang P, Luan X, Yang Y, Zhan X, Ye LL, Duan DD, Liu X, Zhang W. Astragaloside IV derivative HHQ16 ameliorates infarction-induced hypertrophy and heart failure through degradation of lncRNA4012/9456. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:414. [PMID: 37857609 PMCID: PMC10587311 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01660-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Reversing ventricular remodeling represents a promising treatment for the post-myocardial infarction (MI) heart failure (HF). Here, we report a novel small molecule HHQ16, an optimized derivative of astragaloside IV, which effectively reversed infarction-induced myocardial remodeling and improved cardiac function by directly acting on the cardiomyocyte to reverse hypertrophy. The effect of HHQ16 was associated with a strong inhibition of a newly discovered Egr2-affiliated transcript lnc9456 in the heart. While minimally expressed in normal mouse heart, lnc9456 was dramatically upregulated in the heart subjected to left anterior descending coronary artery ligation (LADL) and in cardiomyocytes subjected to hypertrophic stimulation. The critical role of lnc9456 in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was confirmed by specific overexpression and knockout in vitro. A physical interaction between lnc9456 and G3BP2 increased NF-κB nuclear translocation, triggering hypertrophy-related cascades. HHQ16 physically bound to lnc9456 with a high-affinity and induced its degradation. Cardiomyocyte-specific lnc9456 overexpression induced, but knockout prevented LADL-induced, cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction. HHQ16 reversed the effect of lnc9456 overexpression while lost its protective role when lnc9456 was deleted, further confirming lnc9456 as the bona fide target of HHQ16. We further identified the human ortholog of lnc9456, also an Egr2-affiliated transcript, lnc4012. Similarly, lnc4012 was significantly upregulated in hypertrophied failing hearts of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. HHQ16 also specifically bound to lnc4012 and caused its degradation and antagonized its hypertrophic effects. Targeted degradation of pathological increased lnc4012/lnc9456 by small molecules might serve as a novel promising strategy to regress infarction-induced cardiac hypertrophy and HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chennan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Saisai Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yibei Zang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ge Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qingyan Sun
- China Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Pin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xin Luan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yili Yang
- China Regional Research Centre, International Centre of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Taizhou, PR China
| | - Xuelin Zhan
- China Regional Research Centre, International Centre of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Taizhou, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Lingyu Linda Ye
- Center for Phenomics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Dayue Darrel Duan
- Center for Phenomics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Autoimmune Diseases and Precision Medicine, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, PR China.
| | - Xia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Weidong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China.
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China.
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24
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Ottaviani A, Mansour D, Molinari LV, Galanti K, Mantini C, Khanji MY, Chahal AA, Zimarino M, Renda G, Sciarra L, Pelliccia F, Gallina S, Ricci F. Revisiting Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Current Practice and Novel Perspectives. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5710. [PMID: 37685777 PMCID: PMC10489039 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12175710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomeric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a prevalent genetic disorder characterised by left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial disarray, and an increased risk of heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Despite advances in understanding its pathophysiology, treatment options for HCM remain limited. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current clinical practice and explore emerging therapeutic strategies for sarcomeric HCM, with a focus on cardiac myosin inhibitors. We first discuss the conventional management of HCM, including lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapies, and invasive interventions, emphasizing their limitations and challenges. Next, we highlight recent advances in molecular genetics and their potential applications in refining HCM diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment. We delve into emerging therapies, such as gene editing, RNA-based therapies, targeted small molecules, and cardiac myosin modulators like mavacamten and aficamten, which hold promise in modulating the underlying molecular mechanisms of HCM. Mavacamten and aficamten, selective modulators of cardiac myosin, have demonstrated encouraging results in clinical trials by reducing left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and improving symptoms in patients with obstructive HCM. We discuss their mechanisms of action, clinical trial outcomes, and potential implications for the future of HCM management. Furthermore, we examine the role of precision medicine in HCM management, exploring how individualised treatment strategies, including exercise prescription as part of the management plan, may optimise patient outcomes. Finally, we underscore the importance of multidisciplinary care and patient-centred approaches to address the complex needs of HCM patients. This review also aims to encourage further research and collaboration in the field of HCM, promoting the development of novel and more effective therapeutic strategies, such as cardiac myosin modulators, to hopefully improve the quality of life and outcome of patients with sarcomeric HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ottaviani
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Davide Mansour
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Lorenzo V. Molinari
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Kristian Galanti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Cesare Mantini
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Mohammed Y. Khanji
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London EC1A 7BE, UK
- Newham University Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London E13 8SL, UK
- NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1A 7BE, UK
| | - Anwar A. Chahal
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London EC1A 7BE, UK
- Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, WellSpan Health, Lancaster, PA 17605, USA
- Cardiac Electrophysiology, Cardiovascular Division, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 17605, USA
| | - Marco Zimarino
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Heart Department, SS. Annunziata Hospital, ASL 2 Abruzzo, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giulia Renda
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Heart Department, SS. Annunziata Hospital, ASL 2 Abruzzo, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Luigi Sciarra
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Pelliccia
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Sabina Gallina
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Heart Department, SS. Annunziata Hospital, ASL 2 Abruzzo, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ricci
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Heart Department, SS. Annunziata Hospital, ASL 2 Abruzzo, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
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25
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Martin TG, Juarros MA, Cleveland JC, Bristow MR, Ambardekar AV, Buttrick PM, Leinwand LA. Assessment of Autophagy Markers Suggests Increased Activity Following LVAD Therapy. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:1043-1056. [PMID: 37791310 PMCID: PMC10544085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Left ventricular reverse remodeling in heart failure is associated with improved clinical outcomes. However, the molecular features that drive this process are poorly defined. Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are the therapy associated with the greatest reverse remodeling and lead to partial myocardial recovery in most patients. In this study, we examined whether autophagy may be implicated in post-LVAD reverse remodeling. We found expression of key autophagy factors increased post-LVAD, while autophagic substrates decreased. Autolysosome numbers increased post-LVAD, further indicating increased autophagy. These findings support the conclusion that mechanical unloading activates autophagy, which may underly the reverse remodeling observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G. Martin
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Miranda A. Juarros
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Joseph C. Cleveland
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael R. Bristow
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Amrut V. Ambardekar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Peter M. Buttrick
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Leslie A. Leinwand
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
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