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Angela S, You T, Pham D, Le T, Hsiao W. Surface Modification of Nanodiamonds. NANODIAMONDS IN ANALYTICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2023:52-72. [DOI: 10.1002/9781394202164.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
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Zandieh M, Liu J. Metal-Mediated DNA Adsorption on Carboxylated, Hydroxylated, and Hydrogenated Nanodiamonds. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:11596-11602. [PMID: 37552885 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds (NDs) have attracted considerable attention owing to their quantum properties and versatility in biological applications. In this study, we systematically investigated the adsorption of DNA oligonucleotides onto NDs with three types of surface groups: carboxylated (COOH-), hydroxylated (OH-), and hydrogenated (H-). Among them, only the H-NDs showed fluorescence quenching property that is useful for real-time DNA adsorption kinetic studies. The effect of common metal ions on DNA adsorption was studied. In the presence of Na+, the order of DNA adsorption efficiency was H- > OH- > COOH-, whereas all the NDs showed a similar DNA adsorption efficiency in the presence of divalent metal ions such as Ca2+ and Zn2+. Desorption studies revealed that hydrogen bonding and metal-mediated interactions were dominant for the adsorption of DNA, and the H-NDs exhibited extraordinarily tight DNA adsorption. Finally, a fluorescently labeled DNA was adsorbed on NDs for DNA detection, and the COOH-NDs had the highest target specificity, and a detection limit of 1.4 nM was achieved. This study indicates the feasibility of using metal ions to mediate the physical adsorption of DNA to NDs and compares various NDs with graphene oxide for fundamental understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Zandieh
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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Al Qtaish NH, Villate-Beitia I, Gallego I, Martínez-Navarrete G, Soto-Sánchez C, Sainz-Ramos M, Lopez-Mendez TB, Paredes AJ, Javier Chichón F, Zamarreño N, Fernández E, Puras G, Luis Pedraz J. Long-term biophysical stability of nanodiamonds combined with lipid nanocarriers for non-viral gene delivery to the retina. Int J Pharm 2023; 639:122968. [PMID: 37080363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds were combined with niosome, and resulting formulations were named as nanodiasomes, which were evaluated in terms of physicochemical features, cellular internalization, cell viability and transfection efficiency both in in vitro and in in vivo conditions. Such parameters were analyzed at 4 and 25 °C, and at 15 and 30 days after their elaboration. Nanodiasomes showed a particle size of 128 nm that was maintained over time inside the ±10% of deviation, unless after 30 days of storage at 25°C. Something similar occurred with the initial zeta potential value, 35.2 mV, being both formulations more stable at 4°C. The incorporation of nanodiamonds into niosomes resulted in a 4-fold increase of transfection efficiency that was maintained over time at 4 and 25°C. In vivo studies reported high transgene expression of nanodiasomes after subretinal and intravitreal administration in mice, when injected freshly prepared and after 30 days of storage at 4°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuseibah H Al Qtaish
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Ilia Villate-Beitia
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Idoia Gallego
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Gema Martínez-Navarrete
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Neuroprothesis and Neuroengineering Research Group, Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Cristina Soto-Sánchez
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Neuroprothesis and Neuroengineering Research Group, Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Myriam Sainz-Ramos
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Tania B Lopez-Mendez
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Alejandro J Paredes
- Research and Development Unit in Pharmaceutical Technology (UNITEFA), CONICET and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chemistry Sciences Faculty, National University of Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, X5000XHUA Córdoba, Argentina; School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Francisco Javier Chichón
- CryoEM CSIC Facility. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC). Structure of macromolecules Department. Calle Darwin n°3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Zamarreño
- CryoEM CSIC Facility. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC). Structure of macromolecules Department. Calle Darwin n°3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Fernández
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Neuroprothesis and Neuroengineering Research Group, Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Gustavo Puras
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - José Luis Pedraz
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
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Design of Smart Nanodiamonds: Introducing pH Sensitivity to Improve Nucleic Acid Carrier Efficiency of Diamoplexes. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091794. [PMID: 36145542 PMCID: PMC9501119 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of cellular uptake and intracellular fate of nanodiamond/nucleic acid complexes (diamoplexes) are major determinants of its performance as a gene carrier. Our group designed lysine-nanodiamonds (K-NDs) as vectors for nucleic acid delivery. In this work, we modified the surface of K-NDs with histidine to overcome endo-lysosomal entrapment diamoplexes, the major rate limiting step in gene transfer. Histidine is conjugated onto the NDs in two configurations: lysyl-histidine-NDs (HK-NDs) where histidine is loaded on 100% of the lysine moieties and lysine/lysyl-histidine-NDs (H50K50-NDs) where histidine is loaded on 50% of the lysine moieties. Both HK-NDs and H50K50-NDs maintained the optimum size distribution (i.e., <200 nm) and a cationic surface (zeta potential > 20 mV), similar to K-NDs. HK-NDs binds plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (pDNA) and small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) forming diamoplexes at mass ratios of 10:1 and 60:1, respectively. H50K50-NDs significantly improved nucleic acid binding, forming diamoplexes at a 2:1 mass ratio with pDNA and a 30:1 mass ratio with siRNA, which are at values similar to the K-NDs. The amount of histidine on the surface also impacted the interactions with mammalian cells. The HK-NDs reduced the cell viability by 30% at therapeutic concentrations, while H50K50-NDs maintained more than 90% cell viability, even at the highest concentrations. H50K50-NDs also showed highest cellular uptake within 24 h, followed by K-NDs and HK-NDs. Most functionalized NDs show cellular exit after 5 days, leaving less than 10% of cells with internalized diamonds. The addition of histidine to the ND resulted in higher transfection of anti-green fluorescent protein siRNA (anti-GFP siRNA) with the fraction of GFP knockdown being 0.8 vs. 0.6 for K-NDs at a mass ratio of 50:1. H50K50-NDs further improved transfection by achieving a similar fraction of GFP knockdown (0.8) at a lower mass ratio of 30:1. Overall, this study provides evidence that the addition of histidine, a pH-modulating entity in the functionalization design at an optimized ratio, renders high efficiency to the diamoplexes. Further studies will elucidate the uptake mechanism and intracellular fate to build the relationship between physicochemical characteristics and biological efficacy and create a platform for solid-core nanoparticle-based gene delivery.
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Characterization of Carbon Nanostructures by Photoelectron Spectroscopies. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15134434. [PMID: 35806559 PMCID: PMC9267296 DOI: 10.3390/ma15134434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the scientific community experienced two revolutionary events. The first was the synthesis of single-layer graphene, which boosted research in many different areas. The second was the advent of quantum technologies with the promise to become pervasive in several aspects of everyday life. In this respect, diamonds and nanodiamonds are among the most promising materials to develop quantum devices. Graphene and nanodiamonds can be coupled with other carbon nanostructures to enhance specific properties or be properly functionalized to tune their quantum response. This contribution briefly explores photoelectron spectroscopies and, in particular, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and then turns to the present applications of this technique for characterizing carbon nanomaterials. XPS is a qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis technique. It is surface-sensitive due to its limited sampling depth, which confines the analysis only to the outer few top-layers of the material surface. This enables researchers to understand the surface composition of the sample and how the chemistry influences its interaction with the environment. Although the chemical analysis remains the main information provided by XPS, modern instruments couple this information with spatial resolution and mapping or with the possibility to analyze the material in operando conditions at nearly atmospheric pressures. Examples of the application of photoelectron spectroscopies to the characterization of carbon nanostructures will be reviewed to present the potentialities of these techniques.
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AL Qtaish N, Gallego I, Paredes AJ, Villate-Beitia I, Soto-Sánchez C, Martínez-Navarrete G, Sainz-Ramos M, Lopez-Mendez TB, Fernández E, Puras G, Pedraz JL. Nanodiamond Integration into Niosomes as an Emerging and Efficient Gene Therapy Nanoplatform for Central Nervous System Diseases. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:13665-13677. [PMID: 35289181 PMCID: PMC8949757 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds (NDs) are promising materials for gene delivery because of their unique physicochemical and biological features, along with their possibility of combination with other nonviral systems. Our aim was to evaluate the biophysical performance of NDs as helper components of niosomes, named nanodiasomes, to address a potential nonviral gene delivery nanoplatform for therapeutic applications in central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Nanodiasomes, niosomes, and their corresponding complexes, obtained after genetic material addition at different ratios (w/w), were evaluated in terms of physicochemical properties, cellular uptake, intracellular disposition, biocompatibility, and transfection efficiency in HEK-293 cells. Nanodiasomes, niosomes, and complexes fulfilled the physicochemical features for gene therapy applications. Biologically, the incorporation of NDs into niosomes enhanced 75% transfection efficiency (p < 0.001) and biocompatibility (p < 0.05) to values over 90%, accompanied by a higher cellular uptake (p < 0.05). Intracellular trafficking analysis showed higher endocytosis via clathrins (p < 0.05) in nanodiaplexes compared with nioplexes, followed by higher lysosomal colocalization (p < 0.05), that coexisted with endosomal escape properties, whereas endocytosis mediated by caveolae was the most efficient pathway in the case of nanodiaplexes. Moreover, studies in CNS primary cells revealed that nanodiaplexes successfully transfected neuronal and retinal cells. This proof-of-concept study points out that ND integration into niosomes represents an encouraging nonviral nanoplatform strategy for the treatment of CNS diseases by gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuseibah AL Qtaish
- NanoBioCel
Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque
Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Networking
Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Idoia Gallego
- NanoBioCel
Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque
Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Networking
Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba,
NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Alejandro J. Paredes
- Research
and Development Unit in Pharmaceutical Technology (UNITEFA), CONICET
and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chemistry Sciences Faculty, National University of Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, X5000XHUA Córdoba, Argentina
- School
of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast,
Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, U.K.
| | - Ilia Villate-Beitia
- NanoBioCel
Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque
Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Networking
Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba,
NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Cristina Soto-Sánchez
- Networking
Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Neuroprothesis
and Neuroengineering Research Group, Institute
of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Gema Martínez-Navarrete
- Networking
Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Neuroprothesis
and Neuroengineering Research Group, Institute
of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Myriam Sainz-Ramos
- NanoBioCel
Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque
Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Networking
Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba,
NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Tania B. Lopez-Mendez
- NanoBioCel
Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque
Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Networking
Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba,
NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Eduardo Fernández
- Networking
Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Neuroprothesis
and Neuroengineering Research Group, Institute
of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Gustavo Puras
- NanoBioCel
Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque
Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Networking
Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba,
NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - José Luis Pedraz
- NanoBioCel
Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque
Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Networking
Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba,
NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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DNA nanotechnology-facilitated ligand manipulation for targeted therapeutics and diagnostics. J Control Release 2021; 340:292-307. [PMID: 34748871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ligands, mostly binding to proteins to form complexes and catalyze chemical reactions, can serve as drug and probe molecules, as well as sensing elements. DNA nanotechnology can integrate the high editability of DNA nanostructures and the biological activity of ligands into functionalized DNA nanostructures in a manner of controlled ligand stoichiometry, type, and arrangement, which provides significant advantages for targeted therapeutics and diagnostics. As therapeutic agents, multiple- and multivalent-ligands functionalized DNA nanostructures increase ligand-receptor affinity and activate multivalent ligand-receptor interactions, enabling improved regulation of cell signaling and enhanced control of cell behavior. As diagnostic agents, multiple ligands interaction via DNA nanostructures endows DNA nanosensors with high sensitivity and excellent signal transduction capability. Herein, we review the principles and advantages of using DNA nanostructures to manipulate ligands for targeted therapeutics and diagnostics and provide future perspectives.
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Kazakov AG, Garashchenko BL, Yakovlev RY, Vinokurov SE, Myasoedov BF. Study of Technetium Sorption Behavior on Nanodiamonds Using 99,99mTc Isotopes. RADIOCHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1066362220060077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kaźmierczak T, Niedzielski P, Kaczorowski W. The Influence of Plasma-Assisted Production and Milling Processes of DLC Flakes on Their Size, Composition and Chemical Structure. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13051209. [PMID: 32182647 PMCID: PMC7085027 DOI: 10.3390/ma13051209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Diamond-like carbon (DLC) flakes were produced using a dual-frequency method: microwave/radiofrequency plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition (MW/RF PACVD) with the use of methane or its mixture with gases such as hydrogen, argon, oxygen or nitrogen. Their modification was performed using a planetary ball mill with and without a fluid: deionised water or methanol. Changes occurring in the morphology of flake surfaces were presented in pictures taken using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Their composition and chemical structure were analysed using Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The presented research results show that it is possible to control the size of flakes and their chemical structure. An increase in the C-C sp3 bond content in produced carbon-based materials is only possible by modifying DLC flakes during their production process by introducing oxygen or argon into the working chamber together with the carbon-carrying gas. In the processes of mechanical DLC flake modification, it is necessary to add fluid to limit the occurrence of graphitisation processes. The research conducted shows that methanol is best used for this purpose as its use results in a decrease in the percentage of C-C sp3 bonds as compared to the materials, before milling, of only 1.7%. A frequent problem both in the production of DLC flakes and during their mechanical modification is the introduction of additional elements into their structure. Admixing electrode materials from the plasma-chemical device (iron) or grinding beads (zirconium) to DLC flakes was observed in our studies. These processes can be limited by the appropriate selection of production conditions or by mechanical modifications.
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10
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AL Qtaish N, Gallego I, Villate-Beitia I, Sainz-Ramos M, López-Méndez TB, Grijalvo S, Eritja R, Soto-Sánchez C, Martínez-Navarrete G, Fernández E, Puras G, Pedraz JL. Niosome-Based Approach for In Situ Gene Delivery to Retina and Brain Cortex as Immune-Privileged Tissues. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12030198. [PMID: 32106545 PMCID: PMC7150807 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-viral vectors have emerged as a promising alternative to viral gene delivery systems due to their safer profile. Among non-viral vectors, recently, niosomes have shown favorable properties for gene delivery, including low toxicity, high stability, and easy production. The three main components of niosome formulations include a cationic lipid that is responsible for the electrostatic interactions with the negatively charged genetic material, a non-ionic surfactant that enhances the long-term stability of the niosome, and a helper component that can be added to improve its physicochemical properties and biological performance. This review is aimed at providing recent information about niosome-based non-viral vectors for gene delivery purposes. Specially, we will discuss the composition, preparation methods, physicochemical properties, and biological evaluation of niosomes and corresponding nioplexes that result from the addition of the genetic material onto their cationic surface. Next, we will focus on the in situ application of such niosomes to deliver the genetic material into immune-privileged tissues such as the brain cortex and the retina. Finally, as future perspectives, non-invasive administration routes and different targeting strategies will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuseibah AL Qtaish
- NanoBioCel group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (N.A.Q.); (I.G.); (I.V.-B.); (M.S.-R.); (T.B.L.-M.)
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), E-01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Idoia Gallego
- NanoBioCel group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (N.A.Q.); (I.G.); (I.V.-B.); (M.S.-R.); (T.B.L.-M.)
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), E-01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Ilia Villate-Beitia
- NanoBioCel group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (N.A.Q.); (I.G.); (I.V.-B.); (M.S.-R.); (T.B.L.-M.)
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), E-01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Myriam Sainz-Ramos
- NanoBioCel group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (N.A.Q.); (I.G.); (I.V.-B.); (M.S.-R.); (T.B.L.-M.)
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), E-01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Tania Belén López-Méndez
- NanoBioCel group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (N.A.Q.); (I.G.); (I.V.-B.); (M.S.-R.); (T.B.L.-M.)
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), E-01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Santiago Grijalvo
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; (S.G.); (R.E.)
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, (IQAC-CSIC), E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Eritja
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; (S.G.); (R.E.)
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, (IQAC-CSIC), E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Soto-Sánchez
- Neuroprothesis and Neuroengineering Research Group, Miguel Hernández University, E-03202 Elche, Spain; (C.S.-S.); (G.M.-N.); (E.F.)
| | - Gema Martínez-Navarrete
- Neuroprothesis and Neuroengineering Research Group, Miguel Hernández University, E-03202 Elche, Spain; (C.S.-S.); (G.M.-N.); (E.F.)
- Networking Research Centre for Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), E-03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Eduardo Fernández
- Neuroprothesis and Neuroengineering Research Group, Miguel Hernández University, E-03202 Elche, Spain; (C.S.-S.); (G.M.-N.); (E.F.)
- Networking Research Centre for Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), E-03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Gustavo Puras
- NanoBioCel group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (N.A.Q.); (I.G.); (I.V.-B.); (M.S.-R.); (T.B.L.-M.)
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), E-01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Correspondence: (G.P.); (J.L.P.); Tel.: +34-945014536 (G.P.); +34-945013091 (J.L.P.)
| | - José Luis Pedraz
- NanoBioCel group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (N.A.Q.); (I.G.); (I.V.-B.); (M.S.-R.); (T.B.L.-M.)
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), E-01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Correspondence: (G.P.); (J.L.P.); Tel.: +34-945014536 (G.P.); +34-945013091 (J.L.P.)
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11
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Functionalization of Carbon Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications. C — JOURNAL OF CARBON RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/c5040072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, carbon nanostructures (CNSs) have been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications. Examples are the use of CNSs for drug and protein delivery or in tools to locally dispense nucleic acids to fight tumor affections. CNSs were successfully utilized in diagnostics and in noninvasive and highly sensitive imaging devices thanks to their optical properties in the near infrared region. However, biomedical applications require a complete biocompatibility to avoid adverse reactions of the immune system and CNSs potentials for biodegradability. Water is one of the main constituents of the living matter. Unfortunately, one of the disadvantages of CNSs is their poor solubility. Surface functionalization of CNSs is commonly utilized as an efficient solution to both tune the surface wettability of CNSs and impart biocompatible properties. Grafting functional groups onto the CNSs surface consists in bonding the desired chemical species on the carbon nanoparticles via wet or dry processes leading to the formation of a stable interaction. This latter may be of different nature as the van Der Waals, the electrostatic or the covalent, the π-π interaction, the hydrogen bond etc. depending on the process and on the functional molecule at play. Grafting is utilized for multiple purposes including bonding mimetic agents such as polyethylene glycol, drug/protein adsorption, attaching nanostructures to increase the CNSs opacity to selected wavelengths or provide magnetic properties. This makes the CNSs a very versatile tool for a broad selection of applications as medicinal biochips, new high-performance platforms for magnetic resonance (MR), photothermal therapy, molecular imaging, tissue engineering, and neuroscience. The scope of this work is to highlight up-to-date using of the functionalized carbon materials such as graphene, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, fullerene and nanodiamonds in biomedical applications.
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Shakun A, Anyszka R, Sarlin E, Blume A, Vuorinen J. Influence of Surface Modified Nanodiamonds on Dielectric and Mechanical Properties of Silicone Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1104. [PMID: 31261923 PMCID: PMC6681107 DOI: 10.3390/polym11071104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Detonation nanodiamonds, also known as ultradispersed diamonds, possess versatile chemically active surfaces, which can be adjusted to improve their interaction with elastomers. Such improvements can result in decreased dielectric and viscous losses of the composites without compromising other in-rubber properties, thus making the composites suitable for new demanding applications, such as energy harvesting. However, in most cases, surface modification of nanodiamonds requires the use of strong chemicals and high temperatures. The present study offers a less time-consuming functionalization method at 40 °C via reaction between the epoxy-rings of the modifier and carboxylic groups at the nanodiamond surface. This allows decorating the nanodiamond surface with chemical groups that are able to participate in the crosslinking reaction, thus creating strong interaction between filler and elastomer. Addition of 0.1 phr (parts per hundred rubber) of modified nanodiamonds into the silicone matrix results in about fivefold decreased electric losses at 1 Hz due to a reduced conductivity. Moreover, the mechanical hysteresis loss is reduced more than 50% and dynamic loss tangent at ambient temperature is lowered. Therefore, such materials are recommended for the dielectric energy harvesting application, and they are expected to increase its efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Shakun
- Materials Science and Environmental Engineering, Tampere University, P.O. Box 589, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Rafal Anyszka
- Elastomer Technology and Engineering, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Essi Sarlin
- Materials Science and Environmental Engineering, Tampere University, P.O. Box 589, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Anke Blume
- Elastomer Technology and Engineering, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jyrki Vuorinen
- Materials Science and Environmental Engineering, Tampere University, P.O. Box 589, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
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Top-down fabrication of high-uniformity nanodiamonds by self-assembled block copolymer masks. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6914. [PMID: 31061512 PMCID: PMC6502864 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43304-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanodiamonds hosting colour centres are a promising material platform for various quantum technologies. The fabrication of non-aggregated and uniformly-sized nanodiamonds with systematic integration of single quantum emitters has so far been lacking. Here, we present a top-down fabrication method to produce 30.0 ± 5.4 nm uniformly-sized single-crystal nanodiamonds by block copolymer self-assembled nanomask patterning together with directional and isotropic reactive ion etching. We show detected emission from bright single nitrogen vacancy centres hosted in the fabricated nanodiamonds. The lithographically precise patterning of large areas of diamond by self-assembled masks and their release into uniformly sized nanodiamonds open up new possibilities for quantum information processing and sensing.
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14
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Saraf J, Kalia K, Bhattacharya P, Tekade RK. Growing synergy of nanodiamonds in neurodegenerative interventions. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:584-594. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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15
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Kharissova OV, Oliva González CM, Kharisov BI. Solubilization and Dispersion of Carbon Allotropes in Water and Non-aqueous Solvents. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oxana V. Kharissova
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ave. Universidad, 66455 San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico
| | | | - Boris I. Kharisov
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ave. Universidad, 66455 San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico
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