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Ozan S, Bilgin A, Kasman Ş. Laser textured Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy for biomedical applications: An investigation of texturing parameters on surface properties. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2023; 237:1139-1153. [PMID: 37776151 DOI: 10.1177/09544119231200537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Surface texturing with a laser beam is an effective method for engraving on the surface of biomaterials. The four laser texturing parameters (scan speed, frequency, fill spacing, and pulse width) having five different values were associated with five different scanning strategies (scan direction), and a total of 25 texturing conditions were tested on the Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy surface. The surface roughness and wettability of the textures created with a 20 W nanosecond fiber laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm on the surface of Ti-6Al-7Nb biocompatible alloy were investigated. Laser texturing parameters were analyzed according to the lowest surface roughness and a hydrophilic surface by creating L25 orthogonal arrays. The surface roughness values ranged between 2 and 26 µm. The lowest surface roughness with a value of 2.21 µm was achieved when the texture was processed with a frequency of 150 kHz, a fill spacing of 0.02 mm, a scan speed of 800 mm/s, a pulse width of 250 ns, and a cross-hatch strategy of 0°/90°. Considering the wettability test results, it was revealed that most of the textured surfaces have super hydrophilic and hydrophilic characteristics except the surface with a contact angle of 92.93°. The relevant surface was textured with 75 kHz frequency, 1000 mm/s scan speed, 0.05 mm fill spacing, 200 ns pulse width, and 45°/-45° cross-hatch strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sertan Ozan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahman Bilgin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Şefika Kasman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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Bae JH, Nyamaa O, Lee JS, Yun SD, Woo SM, Yang JH, Kim MS, Noh JP. Electrochemical properties of the Si thin-film anode deposited on Ti-Nb-Zr shape memory alloy in Li-ion batteries. Electrochem commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2022.107315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Glowka K, Zubko M, Świec P, Prusik K, Szklarska M, Chrobak D, Lábár JL, Stróż D. Influence of Molybdenum on the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of Ti 20Ta 20Nb 20(ZrHf) 20-xMo x (Where: x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20) High Entropy Alloys. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:393. [PMID: 35009538 PMCID: PMC8746432 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The presented work was focused on investigating the influence of the (hafnium and zirconium)/molybdenum ratio on the microstructure and properties of Ti20Ta20Nb20(ZrHf)20-xMox (where: x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 at.%) high entropy alloys in an as-cast state. The designed chemical composition was chosen due to possible future biomedical applications. Materials were obtained from elemental powders by vacuum arc melting technique. Phase analysis revealed the presence of dual body-centered cubic phases. X-ray diffraction showed the decrease of lattice parameters of both phases with increasing molybdenum concentration up to 10% of molybdenum and further increase of lattice parameters. The presence of two-phase matrix microstructure and hafnium and zirconium precipitates was proved by scanning and transmission electron microscopy observation. Mechanical property measurements revealed decreased micro- and nanohardness and reduced Young's modulus up to 10% of Mo content, and further increased up to 20% of molybdenum addition. Additionally, corrosion resistance measurements in Ringers' solution confirmed the high biomedical ability of studied alloys due to the presence of stable oxide layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Glowka
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A St., 41-500 Chorzow, Poland; (K.G.); (P.Ś.); (K.P.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (D.S.)
| | - Maciej Zubko
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A St., 41-500 Chorzow, Poland; (K.G.); (P.Ś.); (K.P.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (D.S.)
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Paweł Świec
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A St., 41-500 Chorzow, Poland; (K.G.); (P.Ś.); (K.P.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (D.S.)
| | - Krystian Prusik
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A St., 41-500 Chorzow, Poland; (K.G.); (P.Ś.); (K.P.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (D.S.)
| | - Magdalena Szklarska
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A St., 41-500 Chorzow, Poland; (K.G.); (P.Ś.); (K.P.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (D.S.)
| | - Dariusz Chrobak
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A St., 41-500 Chorzow, Poland; (K.G.); (P.Ś.); (K.P.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (D.S.)
| | - János L. Lábár
- Centre for Energy Research, Institute for Technical Physics and Materials Science, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Danuta Stróż
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A St., 41-500 Chorzow, Poland; (K.G.); (P.Ś.); (K.P.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (D.S.)
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Lai BW, Chang YY, Shieh TM, Huang HL. Biocompatibility and Microstructure-Based Stress Analyses of TiNbZrTa Composite Films. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 15:29. [PMID: 35009171 PMCID: PMC8745842 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND the clinical application of orthopedic or dental implants improves the quality of the lives of patients. However, the long-term use of implants may lead to implant loosening and related complications. The purpose of this study is to deposit titanium (Ti)-niobium (Nb)-zirconium (Zr)-tantalum (Ta) alloys on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V to increase structural strength and biocompatibility for the possible future application of implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ti, Nb, Zr, and Ta served as the materials for the surface modification of the titanium alloy. TiNbZr and TiNbZrTa coatings were produced using cathodic arc evaporation, and a small amount of nitrogen was added to produce TiNbZrTa(N) film. Annealing and oxidation were then conducted to produce TiNbZrTa-O and TiNbZrTa(N)-O coatings. In this study, biological tests and finite element analyses of those five alloy films, as well as uncoated Ti-6Al-4V, were performed. Human osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) and mouse fibroblast cells (L-929) were used to analyze cytotoxicity, cell viability, and cell morphology, and the bone differentiation of MG-63 was evaluated in an alkaline phosphatase experiment. Furthermore, for measuring the gene expression level of L-929, reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted. The three-dimensional (3D) computational models of the coated and uncoated sample films were constructed using images of transmission electron microscopy and computer-aided design software and, then, the stress distributions of all models were evaluated by finite element analysis. RESULT the cytotoxicity test revealed that the surface treatment had no significant cytotoxic effects on MG-63 and L-929 cells. According to the results of the cell viability of L-929, more cell activity was observed in the surface-treated experimental group than in the control group; for MG-63, the cell viability of the coated samples was similar to that of the uncoated samples. In the cell morphology analysis, both MG-63 and L-929 exhibited attached filopodia and lamellipodia, verifying that the cells were well attached. The alkaline phosphatase experiment demonstrated that the surface treatment did not affect the characteristics of early osteogenic differentiation, whereas RT-qPCR analysis showed that surface treatment can promote better performance of L-929 cells in collagen, type I, α1, and fibronectin 1. Finally, the results of the finite element analysis revealed that the coated TiNb interlayer can effectively reduce the stress concentration inside the layered coatings. CONCLUSIONS TiNbZrTa series films deposited using cathodic arc evaporation had excellent biocompatibility with titanium alloys, particularly in regard to soft tissue cells, which exhibited an active performance. The finite element analysis verified that the TiNb interlayer can reduce the stress concentration inside TiNbZrTa series films, increasing their suitability for application in biomedical implants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Wei Lai
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Yin-Yu Chang
- Department of Mechanical and Computer-Aided Engineering, National Formosa University, Yunlin 632, Taiwan;
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Heng-Li Huang
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
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Sidhu SS, Singh H, Gepreel MAH. A review on alloy design, biological response, and strengthening of β-titanium alloys as biomaterials. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 121:111661. [PMID: 33579432 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
From the past few years, developments of β-Ti alloys have been the subject of active research in the medical domain. The current paper highlights significant findings in the area of β-Ti alloy design, biological responses, strengthening mechanisms, and developing low-cost implants with a high degree of biocompatibility. It is evident that an astonishing demand for developing the low modulus-high strength implants can be fulfilled by synchronizing β stabilizer content and incorporating tailored thermo-mechanical techniques. Furthermore, the biological response of the implants is as important as the physical properties that regulate healing response; hence, the optimum selection of alloying elements plays a curial role for clinical success. The paper also presents the evolution of patents in this field from the year 2010 to 2020 showing the relevant innovations that may benefit a wide range of researchers.
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Lubas M, Przerada I, Zawada A, Jasinski J, Jelen P. Spectroscopic and microstructural investigation of novel Ti–10Zr–45S5 bioglass composite for dental applications. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
The influence of complex thermo-mechanical processing (TMP) on the mechanical properties of a Ti-Nb-Zr-Fe-O bio-alloy was investigated in this study. The proposed TMP program involves a schema featuring a series of severe plastic deformation (SPD) and solution treatment (STs). The purpose of this study was to find the proper parameter combination for the applied TMP and thus enhance the mechanical strength and diminish the Young’s modulus. The proposed chemical composition of the studied β-type Ti-alloy was conceived from already-appreciated Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr alloys with high β-stability by replacing the expensive Ta with more accessible Fe and O. These chemical additions are expected to better enhance β-stability and thus avoid the generation of ω, α’, and α” during complex TMP, as well as allow for the processing of a single bcc β-phase with significant grain diminution, increased mechanical strength, and a low elasticity value/Young’s modulus. The proposed TMP program considers two research directions of TMP experiments. For comparisons using structural and mechanical perspectives, the two categories of the experimental samples were analyzed using SEM microscopy and a series of tensile tests. The comparison also included some already published results for similar alloys. The analysis revealed the advantages and disadvantages for all compared categories, with the conclusions highlighting that the studied alloys are suitable for expanding the database of possible β-Ti bio-alloys that could be used depending on the specific requirements of different biomedical implant applications.
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de Camargo Reis Mello D, Rodrigues LM, D'Antola Mello FZ, Gonçalves TF, Ferreira B, Schneider SG, de Oliveira LD, de Vasconcellos LMR. Biological and microbiological interactions of Ti-35Nb-7Zr alloy and its basic elements on bone marrow stromal cells: good prospects for bone tissue engineering. Int J Implant Dent 2020; 6:65. [PMID: 33099690 PMCID: PMC7585585 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-020-00261-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An effective biomaterial for bone replacement should have properties to avoid bacterial contamination and promote bone formation while inducing rapid cell differentiation simultaneously. Bone marrow stem cells are currently being investigated because of their known potential for differentiation in osteoblast lineage. This makes these cells a good option for stem cell-based therapy. We have aimed to analyze, in vitro, the potential of pure titanium (Ti), Ti-35Nb-7Zr alloy (A), niobium (Nb), and zirconia (Zr) to avoid the microorganisms S. aureus (S.a) and P. aeruginosa (P.a). Furthermore, our objective was to evaluate if the basic elements of Ti-35Nb-7Zr alloy have any influence on bone marrow stromal cells, the source of stem cells, and observe if these metals have properties to induce cell differentiation into osteoblasts. METHODS Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) were obtained from mice femurs and cultured in osteogenic media without dexamethasone as an external source of cell differentiation. The samples were divided into Ti-35Nb-7Zr alloy (A), pure titanium (Ti), Nb (niobium), and Zr (zirconia) and were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). After predetermined periods, cell interaction, cytotoxicity, proliferation, and cell differentiation tests were performed. For monotypic biofilm formation, standardized suspensions (106 cells/ml) with the microorganisms S. aureus (S.a) and P. aeruginosa (P.a) were cultured for 24 h on the samples and submitted to an MTT test. RESULTS All samples presented cell proliferation, growth, and spreading. All groups presented cell viability above 70%, but the alloy (A) showed better results, with statistical differences from Nb and Zr samples. Zr expressed higher ALP activity and was statistically different from the other groups (p < 0.05). In contrast, no statistical difference was observed between the samples as regards mineralization nodules. Lower biofilm formation of S.a and P.a. was observed on the Nb samples, with statistical differences from the other samples. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the basic elements present in the alloy have osteoinductive characteristics, and Zr has a good influence on bone marrow stromal cell differentiation. We also believe that Nb has the best potential for reducing the formation of microbial biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne de Camargo Reis Mello
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil.
| | - Lais Morandini Rodrigues
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
- Oakland University, Mathematics and Science, 318 Meadow Brook Rd, Rochester Hills, USA
| | - Fabia Zampieri D'Antola Mello
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Thais Fernanda Gonçalves
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Bento Ferreira
- Escola de Engenharia de Lorena (EEL-USP), Pólo-Urbo Industrial, Gleba Al-6, S/N, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luciane Dias de Oliveira
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil
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Ozan S, Munir K, Biesiekierski A, Ipek R, Li Y, Wen C. Titanium Alloys, Including Nitinol. Biomater Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816137-1.00018-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ozan S, Lin J, Weng W, Zhang Y, Li Y, Wen C. Effect of thermomechanical treatment on the mechanical and microstructural evolution of a β-type Ti-40.7Zr-24.8Nb alloy. Bioact Mater 2019; 4:303-311. [PMID: 31709313 PMCID: PMC6829099 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of a newly developed Ti-40.7Zr–24.8Nb (TZN) alloy after different thermomechanical processes were examined. As-cast TZN alloy plates were solution-treated at 890 °C for 1 h, after which the thickness of the alloy plates was reduced by cold rolling at reduction ratios of 20%, 56%, 76%, and 86%. Stress-induced α” formation, {332} <113> β mechanical twinning, and kink band formation were observed in the cold-rolled TZN alloy samples. In the TZN sample after cold rolling at the 86% reduction ratio plus a recrystallization annealing at 890 °C for 1 h, the deformation products of a stress-induced α” phase, {332}<113> β mechanical twinning, and kink bands disappeared, resulting in a fine, equiaxed single β phase. The alloy samples exhibited elongation at rupture ranging from 7% to 20%, Young's modulus ranging from 63 to 72 GPa and tensile strength ranging from 753 to 1158 MPa. The TZN alloy sample after cold rolling and recrystallization annealing showed a yield strength of 803 MPa, a tensile strength of 848 MPa, an elongation at rupture of 20%, and an elastic admissible strain of 1.22%, along with the most ductile fractures during tensile testing. A newly developed Ti-40.7Zr–24.8Nb (TZN) alloy was thermomechanically processed. Deformation occurred via kink bands, mechanical twinning, and stress-induced α”. Cold rolling resulted in an increase in the tensile strength. Deformation products were disappeared after recrystallization annealing. TZN alloy can be considered as a promising candidate biomedical material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sertan Ozan
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yozgat Bozok University, 66100, Yozgat, Turkey
- Corresponding author. School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia.
| | - Jixing Lin
- Advanced Material Research and Development Center, Zhejiang Industry & Trade Vocational College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325003, China
| | - Weijie Weng
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - Yaowu Zhang
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - Yuncang Li
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - Cuie Wen
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
- Corresponding author.
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Ataee A, Li Y, Wen C. A comparative study on the nanoindentation behavior, wear resistance and in vitro biocompatibility of SLM manufactured CP-Ti and EBM manufactured Ti64 gyroid scaffolds. Acta Biomater 2019; 97:587-596. [PMID: 31398474 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigates the nanoindentation behavior, wear resistance and in vitro biocompatibility of SLM manufactured CP-Ti and EBM manufactured Ti64 gyroid scaffolds and the results were compared to those of casting CP-Ti. Both the SLM- and EBM manufactured scaffolds exhibited anisotropic properties with higher reduced modulus (up to 10%) and nanohardness (up to 30%) in the transverse direction than those in building direction. The wear resistance of scaffolds in transverse direction was higher than those of in building direction by up to ∼25% and ∼82% for SLM manufactured CP-Ti and EBM manufactured Ti64 scaffolds, respectively. The SLM manufactured CP-Ti scaffolds displayed significant enhancement in wear resistance over cast dense CP-Ti with 75% lower mean worn height during a nanowear test. The coefficient of friction was varied between 0.11 and 0.24 and exhibited a steady mean value of 0.15-0.18 for CP-Ti and Ti64 scaffolds, respectively. During in vitro cell culture study, CP-Ti scaffolds showed higher cell viability and cell adhesion density in comparison to Ti64 scaffolds for all unit cell sizes. Moreover, cell adhesion density of scaffolds with smaller unit cell sizes (G2) are lower than those of larger unit cells (G3). SEM observations confirmed that both the inner space and surfaces of gyroid scaffolds provided a suitable environment for cell migration, attachment and proliferation after cell culture for 7 d. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: It is essential to evaluate the properties of EBM/SLM manufactured scaffolds and to determine whether they can meet the tough performance requirements of the biomedical industry. In this study, nanoindentation and nanowear properties of SLM manufactured CP-Ti and EBM manufactured Ti64 gyroid scaffolds with different unit cell sizes and sample orientations were evaluated and compared to cast dense CP-Ti samples. Moreover, the in vitro biocompatibility of the scaffolds was assessed and compared to each other. To our best of knowledge, this type of study on EBM/SLM manufactured CP-Ti and Ti64 scaffolds have not been reported, to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Ataee
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Yuncang Li
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Cuie Wen
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
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Mello DDCR, de Oliveira JR, Cairo CAA, Ramos LSDB, Vegian MRDC, de Vasconcellos LGO, de Oliveira FE, de Oliveira LD, de Vasconcellos LMR. Titanium alloys: in vitro biological analyzes on biofilm formation, biocompatibility, cell differentiation to induce bone formation, and immunological response. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:108. [PMID: 31535222 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biological effects of titanium (Ti) alloys were analyzed on biofilms of Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus sanguinis, as well as on osteoblast-like cells (MG63) and murine macrophages (RAW 264.7). Standard samples composed of aluminum and vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V), and sample containing niobium (Ti-35Nb) and zirconium (Ti-13Nb-13Zr) were analyzed. Monomicrobial biofilms were formed on the Ti alloys. MG63 cells were grown with the alloys and the biocompatibility (MTT), total protein (TP) level, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineralization nodules (MN) formation were verified. Levels of interleukins (IL-1β and IL-17), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and oxide nitric (NO) were checked, from RAW 264.7 cells supernatants. Data were statically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test, or T-test (P ≤ 0.05). Concerning the biofilm formation, Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy showed the best inhibitory effect on E. faecalis, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus. And, it also acted similarly to the Ti-6Al-4V alloy on C. albicans and Streptococcus spp. Both alloys were biocompatible and similar to the Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Additionally, Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy was more effective for cell differentiation, as observed in the assays of ALP and MN. Regarding the stimulation for release of IL-1β and TNF-α, Ti-35Nb and Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloys inhibited similarly the synthesis of these molecules. However, both alloys stimulated the production of IL-17. Additionally, all Ti alloys showed the same effect for NO generation. Thus, Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy was the most effective for inhibition of biofilm formation, cell differentiation, and stimulation for release of immune mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne de Camargo Reis Mello
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, CEP12245-000, Brazil
| | - Jonatas Rafael de Oliveira
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, CEP12245-000, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Alberto Alves Cairo
- Division of Materials, Air and Space Institute (CTA), Praça Marechal do Ar Eduardo Gomes, 14, São José dos Campos, SP, CEP 12904-000, Brazil
| | - Lais Siebra de Brito Ramos
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, CEP12245-000, Brazil
| | - Mariana Raquel da Cruz Vegian
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, CEP12245-000, Brazil
| | - Luis Gustavo Oliveira de Vasconcellos
- Department of Materials and Dental Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, CEP12245-000, Brazil
| | - Felipe Eduardo de Oliveira
- Brazcubas Faculty of Dentistry, University Center Brazcubas, Av. Francisco Rodrigues Filho, 1233, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, CEP 08773-380, Brazil
| | - Luciane Dias de Oliveira
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, CEP12245-000, Brazil
| | - Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, CEP12245-000, Brazil
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