1
|
Poller W, Sahoo S, Hajjar R, Landmesser U, Krichevsky AM. Exploration of the Noncoding Genome for Human-Specific Therapeutic Targets-Recent Insights at Molecular and Cellular Level. Cells 2023; 12:2660. [PMID: 37998395 PMCID: PMC10670380 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
While it is well known that 98-99% of the human genome does not encode proteins, but are nevertheless transcriptionally active and give rise to a broad spectrum of noncoding RNAs [ncRNAs] with complex regulatory and structural functions, specific functions have so far been assigned to only a tiny fraction of all known transcripts. On the other hand, the striking observation of an overwhelmingly growing fraction of ncRNAs, in contrast to an only modest increase in the number of protein-coding genes, during evolution from simple organisms to humans, strongly suggests critical but so far essentially unexplored roles of the noncoding genome for human health and disease pathogenesis. Research into the vast realm of the noncoding genome during the past decades thus lead to a profoundly enhanced appreciation of the multi-level complexity of the human genome. Here, we address a few of the many huge remaining knowledge gaps and consider some newly emerging questions and concepts of research. We attempt to provide an up-to-date assessment of recent insights obtained by molecular and cell biological methods, and by the application of systems biology approaches. Specifically, we discuss current data regarding two topics of high current interest: (1) By which mechanisms could evolutionary recent ncRNAs with critical regulatory functions in a broad spectrum of cell types (neural, immune, cardiovascular) constitute novel therapeutic targets in human diseases? (2) Since noncoding genome evolution is causally linked to brain evolution, and given the profound interactions between brain and immune system, could human-specific brain-expressed ncRNAs play a direct or indirect (immune-mediated) role in human diseases? Synergistic with remarkable recent progress regarding delivery, efficacy, and safety of nucleic acid-based therapies, the ongoing large-scale exploration of the noncoding genome for human-specific therapeutic targets is encouraging to proceed with the development and clinical evaluation of novel therapeutic pathways suggested by these research fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Poller
- Department for Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum Charité (DHZC), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200 Berlin, Germany;
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Susmita Sahoo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1030, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Roger Hajjar
- Gene & Cell Therapy Institute, Mass General Brigham, 65 Landsdowne St, Suite 143, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department for Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum Charité (DHZC), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200 Berlin, Germany;
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna M. Krichevsky
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Farzaneh M, Abouali Gale Dari M, Anbiyaiee A, Najafi S, Dayer D, Mousavi Salehi A, Keivan M, Ghafourian M, Uddin S, Azizidoost S. Emerging roles of the long non-coding RNA NEAT1 in gynecologic cancers. J Cell Commun Signal 2023; 17:531-547. [PMID: 37310654 PMCID: PMC10409959 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00746-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynecologic cancers are a worldwide problem among women. Recently, molecular targeted therapy opened up an avenue for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA molecules (> 200 nt) that are not translated into protein, and interact with DNA, RNA, and proteins. LncRNAs were found to play pivotal roles in cancer tumorigenesis and progression. Nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) is a lncRNA that mediates cell proliferation, migration, and EMT in gynecologic cancers by targeting several miRNAs/mRNA axes. Therefore, NEAT1 may function as a potent biomarker for the prediction and treatment of breast, ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers. In this narrative review, we summarized various NEAT1-related signaling pathways that are critical in gynecologic cancers. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) by targeting various signaling pathways involved in its target genes can regulate the occurrence of gynecologic cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahrokh Abouali Gale Dari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amir Anbiyaiee
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dian Dayer
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Abdolah Mousavi Salehi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mona Keivan
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehri Ghafourian
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, 3050, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 22602 India
| | - Shirin Azizidoost
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Confined environments induce polarized paraspeckle condensates. Commun Biol 2023; 6:145. [PMID: 36737664 PMCID: PMC9898560 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04528-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells experience confinement as they navigate the tumour microenvironment during metastasis. Recent studies have revealed that the nucleus can function as a 'ruler' for measuring physical confinement via membrane tension, allowing for compression-sensitive changes in migration. Cell nuclei contain many nuclear bodies that form when their components phase separate and condense within permissive local regions within the nucleus. However, how sub-nuclear organisation and phase separation changes with cell confinement and compression is largely unknown. Here we focus on paraspeckles, stress-responsive subnuclear bodies that form by phase separation around the long non-coding RNA NEAT1. As cells entered moderate confinement, a significant increase in paraspeckle number and size was observed compared to unconfined cells. Paraspeckle polarization bias towards the leading edge was also observed in confinement, correlating with regions of euchromatin. Increasing paraspeckle abundance resulted in increases in confined migration likelihood, speed, and directionality, as well as an enhancement of paraspeckle polarization towards the leading edge. This polarization of paraspeckle condensates may play a key role in regulating confined migration and invasion in cancer cells, and illustrates the utility of microchannel-based assays for identifying phenomena not observed on 2D or 3D bulk substrates.
Collapse
|
4
|
Gast M, Nageswaran V, Kuss AW, Tzvetkova A, Wang X, Mochmann LH, Rad PR, Weiss S, Simm S, Zeller T, Voelzke H, Hoffmann W, Völker U, Felix SB, Dörr M, Beling A, Skurk C, Leistner DM, Rauch BH, Hirose T, Heidecker B, Klingel K, Nakagawa S, Poller WC, Swirski FK, Haghikia A, Poller W. tRNA-like Transcripts from the NEAT1-MALAT1 Genomic Region Critically Influence Human Innate Immunity and Macrophage Functions. Cells 2022; 11:cells11243970. [PMID: 36552736 PMCID: PMC9777231 DOI: 10.3390/cells11243970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolutionary conserved NEAT1-MALAT1 gene cluster generates large noncoding transcripts remaining nuclear, while tRNA-like transcripts (mascRNA, menRNA) enzymatically generated from these precursors translocate to the cytosol. Whereas functions have been assigned to the nuclear transcripts, data on biological functions of the small cytosolic transcripts are sparse. We previously found NEAT1-/- and MALAT1-/- mice to display massive atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation. Here, employing selective targeted disruption of menRNA or mascRNA, we investigate the tRNA-like molecules as critical components of innate immunity. CRISPR-generated human ΔmascRNA and ΔmenRNA monocytes/macrophages display defective innate immune sensing, loss of cytokine control, imbalance of growth/angiogenic factor expression impacting upon angiogenesis, and altered cell-cell interaction systems. Antiviral response, foam cell formation/oxLDL uptake, and M1/M2 polarization are defective in ΔmascRNA/ΔmenRNA macrophages, defining first biological functions of menRNA and describing new functions of mascRNA. menRNA and mascRNA represent novel components of innate immunity arising from the noncoding genome. They appear as prototypes of a new class of noncoding RNAs distinct from others (miRNAs, siRNAs) by biosynthetic pathway and intracellular kinetics. Their NEAT1-MALAT1 region of origin appears as archetype of a functionally highly integrated RNA processing system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Gast
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 12200 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Berlin, 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vanasa Nageswaran
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 12200 Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas W Kuss
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ana Tzvetkova
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - Liliana H Mochmann
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pegah Ramezani Rad
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan Simm
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, University Heart and Vascular Center, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henry Voelzke
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hoffmann
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan B Felix
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marcus Dörr
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Antje Beling
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Berlin, 12200 Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Biochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Skurk
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 12200 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Berlin, 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - David-Manuel Leistner
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 12200 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Berlin, 12200 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard H Rauch
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Pharmacology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
- Department Human Medicine, Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Tetsuro Hirose
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Bettina Heidecker
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- RNA Biology Laboratory, RIKEN Advanced Research Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Wolfram C Poller
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Filip K Swirski
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Arash Haghikia
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 12200 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Berlin, 12200 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Poller
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 12200 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Berlin, 12200 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Integrated Tissue and Blood miRNA Expression Profiles Identify Novel Biomarkers for Accurate Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Breast Cancer: Preliminary Results and Future Clinical Implications. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13111931. [DOI: 10.3390/genes13111931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to identify miRNAs that were closely related to breast cancer (BRCA). By integrating several methods including significance analysis of microarrays, fold change, Pearson’s correlation analysis, t test, and receiver operating characteristic analysis, we developed a decision-tree-based scoring algorithm, called Optimized Scoring Mechanism for Primary Synergy MicroRNAs (O-PSM). Five synergy miRNAs (hsa-miR-139-5p, hsa-miR-331-3p, hsa-miR-342-5p, hsa-miR-486-5p, and hsa-miR-654-3p) were identified using O-PSM, which were used to distinguish normal samples from pathological ones, and showed good results in blood data and in multiple sets of tissue data. These five miRNAs showed accurate categorization efficiency in BRCA typing and staging and had better categorization efficiency than experimentally verified miRNAs. In the Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network, the target genes of hsa-miR-342-5p have the most regulatory relationships, which regulate carcinogenesis proliferation and metastasis by regulating Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis and the Rap1 signaling pathway. Moreover, hsa-miR-342-5p showed potential clinical application in survival analysis. We also used O-PSM to generate an R package uploaded on github (SuFei-lab/OPSM accessed on 22 October 2021). We believe that miRNAs included in O-PSM could have clinical implications for diagnosis, prognostic stratification and treatment of BRCA, proposing potential significant biomarkers that could be utilized to design personalized treatment plans in BRCA patients in the future.
Collapse
|
6
|
The Long and the Short of It: NEAT1 and Cancer Cell Metabolism. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184388. [PMID: 36139550 PMCID: PMC9497099 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Altered metabolism is a hallmark of most cancers. The way that cancer cells regulate their energy production to fuel constant proliferation has been of interest with the hope that it may be exploited therapeutically. The long noncoding RNA, NEAT1, is often dysregulated in tumours. NEAT1 RNA can be transcribed as two isoforms with different lengths, with each variant responsible for different functions. This review explores how the isoforms contribute to cancer metabolism. Abstract The long noncoding RNA NEAT1 is known to be heavily dysregulated in many cancers. A single exon gene produces two isoforms, NEAT1_1 and NEAT1_2, through alternative 3′-end processing. As the longer isoform, NEAT1_2 is an essential scaffold for nuclear paraspeckle formation. It was previously thought that the short NEAT1_1 isoform only exists to keep the NEAT1 locus active for rapid paraspeckle formation. However, a recent glycolysis-enhancing function for NEAT1_1, contributing to cancer cell proliferation and the Warburg effect, has been demonstrated. Previous studies have mainly focused on quantifying total NEAT1 and NEAT1_2 expression levels. However, in light of the NEAT1_1 role in cancer cell metabolism, the contribution from specific NEAT1 isoforms is no longer clear. Here, the roles of NEAT1_1 and NEAT1_2 in metabolism and cancer progression are discussed.
Collapse
|
7
|
NEAT1 can be a diagnostic biomarker in the breast cancer and gastric cancer patients by targeting XIST, hsa-miR-612, and MTRNR2L8: integrated RNA targetome interaction and experimental expression analysis. Genes Environ 2022; 44:16. [PMID: 35581633 PMCID: PMC9112444 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-022-00244-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The most frequent malignancy in women is breast cancer (BC). Gastric cancer (GC) is also the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are thought to be important neurotic regulators in malignant tumors. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the expression level of NEAT1 and the interaction of this non-coding RNA with correlated microRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs or protein coding genes, experimentally and bioinformatically. Methods For the bioinformatics analyses, we performed RNA-RNA and protein–protein interaction analyses, using ENCORI and STRING. The expression analyses were performed by five tools: Microarray data analysis, TCGA data analysis (RNA-seq, R Studio), GEPIA2, ENCORI, and real-time PCR experiment. qRT-PCR experiment was performed on 50 GC samples and 50 BC samples, compared to adjacent control tissue. Results Based on bioinformatics and experimental analyses, lncRNA NEAT1 have a significant down-regulation in the breast cancer samples with tumor size lower than 2 cm. Also, it has a significant high expression in the gastric cancer patients. Furthermore, NEAT1 have a significant interaction with XIST, hsa-miR-612 and MTRNR2L8. High expression of NEAT1 have a correlation with the lower survival rate of breast cancer samples and higher survival rate of gastric cancer patients. Conclusion This integrated computational and experimental investigation revealed some new aspects of the lncRNA NEAT1 as a potential prognostic biomarker for the breast cancer and gastric cancer samples. Further investigations about NEA1 and correlated mRNAs, lncRNAs, and microRNAs – specially the mentioned RNAs in this study – can lead the researchers to more clear information about the role of NEAT1 in the breast cancer and gastric cancer.
Collapse
|
8
|
Shil R, Ghosh R, Banerjee AK, Mal C. LncRNA, miRNA and transcriptional co-regulatory network of breast and ovarian cancer reveals hub molecules. Meta Gene 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2022.101024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
9
|
Expression and functions of long non-coding RNA NEAT1 and isoforms in breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:551-561. [PMID: 34671127 PMCID: PMC8854383 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01588-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NEAT1 is a highly abundant nuclear architectural long non-coding RNA. There are two overlapping NEAT1 isoforms, NEAT1_1 and NEAT1_2, of which the latter is an essential scaffold for the assembly of a class of nuclear ribonucleoprotein bodies called paraspeckles. Paraspeckle formation is elevated by a wide variety of cellular stressors and in certain developmental processes, either through transcriptional upregulation of the NEAT1 gene or through a switch from NEAT1_1 to NEAT1_2 isoform production. In such conditions, paraspeckles modulate cellular processes by sequestering proteins or RNA molecules. NEAT1 is abnormally expressed in many cancers and a growing body of evidence suggests that, in many cases, high NEAT1 levels are associated with therapy resistance and poor clinical outcome. Here we review the current knowledge of NEAT1 expression and functions in breast cancer, highlighting its established role in postnatal mammary gland development. We will discuss possible isoform-specific roles of NEAT1_1 and NEAT1_2 in different breast cancer subtypes, which critically needs to be considered when studying NEAT1 and breast cancer.
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhou H, Wang Y, Liu Z, Zhang Z, Xiong L, Wen Y. Recent advances of NEAT1-miRNA interactions in cancer. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:153-162. [PMID: 35538025 PMCID: PMC9827865 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2021022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
With high incidence rate, cancer is the main cause of death in humans. Non-coding RNAs, as novel master regulators, especially long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), play important roles in the regulation of tumorigenesis. lncRNA NEAT1 has recently gained much attention, as it is dysregulated in a broad spectrum of cancers, where it acts as either an oncogene or a tumor suppressor gene. Accumulating evidence shows that NEAT1 is correlated with the process of carcinogenesis, including proliferation, invasion, survival, drug resistance, and metastasis. NEAT1 is considered to be a biomarker and a novel therapeutic target for the diagnosis and prognosis of different cancer types. The mechanisms by which NEAT1 plays a critical role in cancers are mainly via interactions with miRNAs. NEAT1-miRNA regulatory networks play significant roles in tumorigenesis, which has attracted much attention from researchers around the world. In this review, we summarize the interaction of NEAT1 with miRNAs in the regulation of protein-coding genes in cancer. A better understanding of the NEAT1-miRNA interactions in cancer will help develop new diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yu Wen
- Correspondence address. Tel: +86-731-85294099; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Han L, Zheng C, Wu S. Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 promotes the malignancy of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating the microRNA-204-5p/SEMA4B axis. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:802. [PMID: 34630709 PMCID: PMC8477075 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a highly invasive malignant tumor in the head and neck area. As an oncogene, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion several types of cancer. The present study aimed to reveal the effects of NEAT1 on the progression of LSCC. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect relative mRNA expression levels of NEAT1, microRNA (miR)-204-5p and semaphorin (SEMA) 4B. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to analyze overall survival times. RNA in-situ hybridization (ISH) exhibited the distribution of NEAT1 and miR-204-5p in tissues. RNA fluorescence ISH was used to analyze the distribution of NEAT1 and miR-204-5p in the cells. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression level of target proteins. Cell viability was analyzed using a MTT assay, while flow cytometry was used to determine cell apoptosis. Wound healing and Transwell invasion assays were used to value cell migration and invasion, respectively. RNA immunoprecipitation assay, bioinformatics prediction and a dual luciferase reporter assay were used to analyze the target relationship. The RT-qPCR results showed that NEAT1 was highly expressed and miR-204-5p had decreased expression in LSCC tissues and cells compared with that in the normal tissue and the 16HBE-14o cell line, respectively. Knockdown of NEAT1 using small interfering (si) RNA and overexpressed miR-204-5p both effectively inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of LSCC cells. Besides, further experiments revealed that miR-204-5p was a target of NEAT1. At the same time, silenced miR-204-5p reversed the anti-tumor effects of si-NEAT1. In addition, SEMA4B was targeted by miR-204-5p in LSCC cells and upregulated SEMA4B weakened the antitumor effects of miR-204-5p in LSCC cells. NEAT1 regulated the expression of SEMA4B by targeting miR-204-5p in LSCC cells. Overall, NEAT1 promoted the proliferation and invasion of LSCC cells by regulating the miR-204-5p/SEMA4B axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Chaopan Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Shihai Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yan H, Wang Z, Sun Y, Hu L, Bu P. Cytoplasmic NEAT1 Suppresses AML Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Leukemogenesis through Inactivation of Wnt Signaling. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100914. [PMID: 34609794 PMCID: PMC8596104 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
As an essential component of paraspeckles, nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) localizes in the nucleus, promoting progression of various malignant solid tumors. Herein, an adverse effect of NEAT1 is reported, showing that the short isoform, NEAT1_1 suppresses acute myeloid leukemia (AML) development. NEAT1_1 is downregulated in leukemia stem cells (LSCs) and its decreased expression correlates with recurrence in AML patients. It is demonstrated that NEAT1_1 suppresses leukemogenesis and LSC function but is dispensable for normal hematopoiesis. Mechanistically, NEAT1_1 is released from the nucleus into the cytoplasm of AML cells, regulated by transcription factor C/EBPβ and nuclear protein NAP1L1. Cytoplasmic NEAT1_1 interacts with Wnt component DVL2 and E3 ubiquitin ligase Trim56, facilitates Trim56-mediated DVL2 degradation, and thus suppresses Wnt signaling. Collectively, the findings show NEAT1_1 is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and acts as a tumor suppressor in AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Yan
- Key Laboratory of RNA BiologyKey Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of RNA BiologyKey Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantationthe Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100071China
| | - Liangding Hu
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantationthe Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100071China
| | - Pengcheng Bu
- Key Laboratory of RNA BiologyKey Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- Center for Excellence in BiomacromoleculesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bhatt U, Kretzmann AL, Guédin A, Ou A, Kobelke S, Bond CS, Evans CW, Hurley LH, Mergny JL, Iyer KS, Fox AH, Smith NM. The role of G-Quadruplex DNA in Paraspeckle formation in cancer. Biochimie 2021; 190:124-131. [PMID: 34329720 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Paraspeckles are RNA-protein structures within the nucleus of mammalian cells, capable of orchestrating various biochemical processes. An overexpression of the architectural component of paraspeckles, a long non-coding RNA called NEAT1 (Nuclear Enriched Abundant Transcript 1), has been linked to a variety of cancers and is often associated with poor patient prognosis. Thus, there is an accumulating interest in the role of paraspeckles in carcinogenesis, however there is a limited understanding of how NEAT1 expression is regulated. Here, we demonstrate that both nuclear G-quadruplex (G4) and paraspeckle formation are significantly increased in a human breast cancer cell line compared to non-tumorigenic breast cells. Moreover, we identified and characterized G4-forming sequences within the NEAT1 promoter and demonstrate stabilization of G4 DNA with a G4-stabilizing small molecule results in a significant alteration in both paraspeckle formation and NEAT1 expression. This G4-mediated alteration of NEAT1 at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels was evident in U2OS osteosarcoma cells, MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma and MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uditi Bhatt
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Amy L Kretzmann
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Aurore Guédin
- ARNA Laboratory, IECB, INSERM U1212, CNRS UMR5320, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Arnold Ou
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Simon Kobelke
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Charles S Bond
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Cameron W Evans
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Jean-Louis Mergny
- ARNA Laboratory, IECB, INSERM U1212, CNRS UMR5320, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, Brno, 612 65, Czech Republic; Laboratoire D'Optique et Biosciences, École Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - K Swaminathan Iyer
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Archa H Fox
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Nicole M Smith
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Stone JK, Vukadin L, Ahn EYE. eNEMAL, an enhancer RNA transcribed from a distal MALAT1 enhancer, promotes NEAT1 long isoform expression. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251515. [PMID: 34019552 PMCID: PMC8139514 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has shown that active enhancers are abundantly transcribed, generating long non-coding RNAs, called enhancer RNAs (eRNAs). While putative eRNAs are often observed from RNA sequencing, the roles of most eRNAs remain largely unknown. Previously, we identified putative enhancer regions at the MALAT1 locus that form chromatin-chromatin interactions under hypoxia, and one of these enhancers is located about 30 kb downstream of the NEAT1 gene and -20 kb upstream of the MALAT1 gene (MALAT1–20 kb enhancer). Here, we report that a novel eRNA, named eRNA of the NEAT1-MALAT1-Locus (eNEMAL), is transcribed from the MALAT1–20 kb enhancer and conserved in primates. We found that eNEMAL is upregulated in response to hypoxia in multiple breast cancer cell lines, but not in non-tumorigenic MCF10A cells. Overexpression and knockdown of eNEMAL revealed that alteration of eNEMAL level does not affect MALAT1 expression. Instead, we found that eNEMAL upregulates the long isoform of NEAT1 (NEAT1_2) without increasing the total NEAT1 transcript level in MCF7 breast cancer cells, suggesting that eNEMAL has a repressive effect on the 3’-end polyadenylation process required for generating the short isoform of NEAT1 (NEAT1_1). Altogether, we demonstrated that an eRNA transcribed from a MALAT1 enhancer regulates NEAT1 isoform expression, implicating the MALAT1–20 kb enhancer and its transcript eNEMAL in co-regulation of MALAT1 and NEAT1 in response to hypoxia in breast cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua K. Stone
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Lana Vukadin
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Eun-Young Erin Ahn
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Comparative genomics in the search for conserved long noncoding RNAs. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:741-749. [PMID: 33885137 PMCID: PMC8564735 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20200069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as prominent regulators of gene expression in eukaryotes. The identification of lncRNA orthologs is essential in efforts to decipher their roles across model organisms, as homologous genes tend to have similar molecular and biological functions. The relatively high sequence plasticity of lncRNA genes compared with protein-coding genes, makes the identification of their orthologs a challenging task. This is why comparative genomics of lncRNAs requires the development of specific and, sometimes, complex approaches. Here, we briefly review current advancements and challenges associated with four levels of lncRNA conservation: genomic sequences, splicing signals, secondary structures and syntenic transcription.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zan J, Zhao X, Deng X, Ding H, Wang B, Lu M, Wei Z, Huang Z, Wang S. Paraspeckle Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Immune Escape by Sequestering IFNGR1 mRNA. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 12:465-487. [PMID: 33667716 PMCID: PMC8255817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of hepatic malignancies, with poor prognosis and low survival rate. Paraspeckles, which are unique subnuclear structures, are recently found to be involved in the development of various tumors, including HCC, and are related to induction in chemoresistance of HCC. This study aimed to investigate the possibility of paraspeckle in HCC cells participating in immune escape and its underlying mechanism in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Expression of NEAT1_2, the framework of paraspeckle, in HCC cells and tissues was detected by qRT-PCR and RNA-FISH. mRNAs interacted with NEAT1_2 were pull-downed and sequenced in C-terminal S1-aptamer-tagged NEAT1_2 endogenously expressed HCC cells constructed using CRISPR-CAS9 knock-in technology. The effects of paraspeckle on HCC sensitivity to T-cell-mediated cytolysis were detected by T-cell mediated tumor cell killing assay. The roles of NEAT1_2 or NONO on IFNGR1 expression and IFN-γ signaling by applying gene function loss analysis in HCC cells were detected by qRT-PCR, RNA immunoprecipitation, Western blotting, and ELISA. The role of paraspeckle during adoptive T-cell transfer therapy for HCC in vivo was performed with a subcutaneous xenograft mouse. RESULTS Paraspeckle in HCC cells is negatively related to T-cell-mediated cytolysis. Destruction of paraspeckle in HCC cells by knockdown of NEAT1_2 or NONO significantly improved the sensibility of resistant HCC cells to T-cell killing effects. Furthermore, IFNGR1 mRNA, which is sequestered by NEAT1_2 and NONO, is abundant in paraspeckle of T-cell killing-resistant HCC cells. Incapable IFN-γ-IFNGR1 signaling accounts for paraspeckle mediated-adoptive T-cell therapy resistance. Moreover, NEAT1_2 expression negatively correlates with IFNGR1 expression in clinical HCC tissues. CONCLUSIONS Paraspeckle in HCC cells helps tumor cells escape from immunosurveillance through sequestering IFNGR1 mRNA to inhibiting IFN-γ-IFNGR1 signaling, thereby avoiding T-cell killing effects. Collectively, our results hint that NEAT1_2 highly expressed HCC patient is more resistant to T-cell therapy in clinic, and NEAT1_2 may be potential target for HCC immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zan
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou
| | - Xuya Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang
| | - Xiya Deng
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou
| | - Hongda Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bi Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Minyi Lu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou
| | - Zijing Wei
- Department of interventional radiology, the Affiliated Hosptial of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhi Huang
- Department of interventional radiology, the Affiliated Hosptial of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ghafouri-Fard S, Tamizkar KH, Hussen BM, Taheri M. An update on the role of long non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 219:153373. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
18
|
Thankachan S, Bhardwaj BK, Venkatesh T, Suresh PS. Long Non-coding RNA NEAT1 as an Emerging Biomarker in Breast and Gynecologic Cancers: a Systematic Overview. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:2436-2447. [PMID: 33569749 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00481-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging regulators of cellular pathways, especially in cancer development. Among the lncRNAs, nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) forms a scaffold for a nuclear body; the paraspeckle and aberrant expression of NEAT1 have been reported in breast and gynecologic cancers (ovarian, cervical, endometrial, and vulvar). Abundantly expressed NEAT1 in breast and gynecologic cancers generally contribute to tumor development by sponging its corresponding tumor-suppressive microRNAs or interacting with various regulatory proteins. The distinct expression of NEAT1 and its contribution to tumorigenic pathways make it a promising therapeutic target in breast and gynecologic cancers. Herein, we summarize the functions and molecular mechanisms of NEAT1 in human breast, ovarian, cervical, endometrial, and vulvar cancers. Furthermore, we emphasize its critical role in the formation of paraspeckle development and its functions. Conclusively, NEAT1 is a considerable biomarker with a bright prospect and can be therapeutically targeted to manage breast and gynecologic cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanu Thankachan
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, Kerala, 673601, India
| | | | - Thejaswini Venkatesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Kasargod, Kerala, 671316, India
| | - Padmanaban S Suresh
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, Kerala, 673601, India.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li O, Jiang B, Yi WM, Zhang Y, Yang PZ, Guo C, Sun ZP, Peng C. LncRNA NEAT1 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via the miR-186-5p/PTP4A1 axis in cholangiocarcinoma. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:379-391. [PMID: 33502823 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly aggressive and malignant tumor. In this study, the effect and molecular mechanism of nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) in CCA were elucidated. The expressions of NEAT1, microRNA-186-5p (miR-186-5p), and PTP4A1 were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. The protein levels were measured by Western blotting. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to create survival curves. The interactions between NEAT1, miR-186-5p, and PTP4A1 were assessed through the dual luciferase reporter assay. Additionally, the cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were measured by colony formation, flow cytometry, the Transwell assay, and the wound healing assay, respectively. NEAT1 and PTP4A1 were significantly upregulated in CCA tissues and cells, but miR-186-5p was downregulated. NEAT1 expression was negatively correlated with the survival of CCA patients and has remarkable correlation with serum CA199 levels and lymph node metastasis. Besides, NEAT1 could act as a molecular sponge for miR-186-5p to upregulate PTP4A1 expression. More importantly, the knockdown of NEAT1 or overexpression of miR-186-5p inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of CCA cells, and the inhibition of miR-186-5p reversed the effects of the knockdown of NEAT1. In addition, NEAT1 could also activate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and regulate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through the miR-186-5p/PTP4A1 axis. In conclusion, NEAT1 was involved in cell proliferation, migration and invasion in CCA, and the NEAT1/miR-186-5p/PTP4A1/PI3K/AKT axis indicated novel regulatory mechanisms and therapeutics for the treatment of CCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ou Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei-Min Yi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Pin-Zhou Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Chao Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zeng-Peng Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Chuang Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Boros FA, Vécsei L, Klivényi P. NEAT1 on the Field of Parkinson's Disease: Offense, Defense, or a Player on the Bench? JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2021; 11:123-138. [PMID: 33325399 PMCID: PMC7990444 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-202374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Considering the devastating symptoms, high prevalence, and lack of definitive diagnostic test, there is an urgent need to identify possible biomarkers and new therapeutic targets. Genes identified and/or proposed to be linked to PD encode proteins that fulfill diverse roles in cellular functions. There is a growing interest in identifying common traits which lead to the disease. Long non-coding RNAs have recently emerged as possible regulatory hubs of complex molecular changes affecting PD development. Among them, NEAT1 has attracted particular interest. It is a major component and the initiator of nuclear paraspeckles, thus regulating transcription and modifying protein functions. This review summarizes data available on the role of NEAT1 in PD. NEAT1 upregulation in PD has repeatedly been reported, however, whether this is part of a protective or a damaging mechanism is still a topic of debate. It has been proposed that NEAT1 propagates PD via its interaction with PINK1 and several micro RNAs and by modulating SNCA expression. On the other hand, findings of NEAT1 acting as a bona fide LRRK2 inhibitor argue for its protective role. These contradictory results could be due to the different disease models implemented. This calls attention to the difficulties posed by the complex patho-mechanisms of neurodegenerative disorders and the limitations of disease models. However, the potential of NEAT1 as a biomarker and as a therapeutic target for PD highly warrants further research to elucidate its exact role in this neurodegenerative disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanni Annamária Boros
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Vécsei
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Klivényi
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Aprile M, Katopodi V, Leucci E, Costa V. LncRNAs in Cancer: From garbage to Junk. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113220. [PMID: 33142861 PMCID: PMC7692075 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequencing-based transcriptomics has significantly redefined the concept of genome complexity, leading to the identification of thousands of lncRNA genes identification of thousands of lncRNA genes whose products possess transcriptional and/or post-transcriptional regulatory functions that help to shape cell functionality and fate. Indeed, it is well-established now that lncRNAs play a key role in the regulation of gene expression through epigenetic and posttranscriptional mechanims. The rapid increase of studies reporting lncRNAs alteration in cancers has also highlighted their relevance for tumorigenesis. Herein we describe the most prominent examples of well-established lncRNAs having oncogenic and/or tumor suppressive activity. We also discuss how technical advances have provided new therapeutic strategies based on their targeting, and also report the challenges towards their use in the clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Aprile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati-Traverso”, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Vicky Katopodi
- Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KULeuven, LKI, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (V.K.); (E.L.)
| | - Eleonora Leucci
- Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KULeuven, LKI, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (V.K.); (E.L.)
| | - Valerio Costa
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati-Traverso”, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zubor P, Wang Y, Liskova A, Samec M, Koklesova L, Dankova Z, Dørum A, Kajo K, Dvorska D, Lucansky V, Malicherova B, Kasubova I, Bujnak J, Mlyncek M, Dussan CA, Kubatka P, Büsselberg D, Golubnitschaja O. Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma (CAP) as a New Tool for the Management of Vulva Cancer and Vulvar Premalignant Lesions in Gynaecological Oncology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217988. [PMID: 33121141 PMCID: PMC7663780 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vulvar cancer (VC) is a specific form of malignancy accounting for 5–6% of all gynaecologic malignancies. Although VC occurs most commonly in women after 60 years of age, disease incidence has risen progressively in premenopausal women in recent decades. VC demonstrates particular features requiring well-adapted therapeutic approaches to avoid potential treatment-related complications. Significant improvements in disease-free survival and overall survival rates for patients diagnosed with post-stage I disease have been achieved by implementing a combination therapy consisting of radical surgical resection, systemic chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Achieving local control remains challenging. However, mostly due to specific anatomical conditions, the need for comprehensive surgical reconstruction and frequent post-operative healing complications. Novel therapeutic tools better adapted to VC particularities are essential for improving individual outcomes. To this end, cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment is a promising option for VC, and is particularly appropriate for the local treatment of dysplastic lesions, early intraepithelial cancer, and invasive tumours. In addition, CAP also helps reduce inflammatory complications and improve wound healing. The application of CAP may realise either directly or indirectly utilising nanoparticle technologies. CAP has demonstrated remarkable treatment benefits for several malignant conditions, and has created new medical fields, such as “plasma medicine” and “plasma oncology”. This article highlights the benefits of CAP for the treatment of VC, VC pre-stages, and postsurgical wound complications. There has not yet been a published report of CAP on vulvar cancer cells, and so this review summarises the progress made in gynaecological oncology and in other cancers, and promotes an important, understudied area for future research. The paradigm shift from reactive to predictive, preventive and personalised medical approaches in overall VC management is also considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavol Zubor
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (Y.W.); (A.D.)
- OBGY Health & Care, Ltd., 010 01 Zilina, Slovakia
- Correspondence: or
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (Y.W.); (A.D.)
| | - Alena Liskova
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; (A.L.); (M.S.); (L.K.); (P.K.)
| | - Marek Samec
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; (A.L.); (M.S.); (L.K.); (P.K.)
| | - Lenka Koklesova
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; (A.L.); (M.S.); (L.K.); (P.K.)
| | - Zuzana Dankova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; (Z.D.); (D.D.); (V.L.); (B.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Anne Dørum
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (Y.W.); (A.D.)
| | - Karol Kajo
- Department of Pathology, St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute Hospital, 81250 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Dana Dvorska
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; (Z.D.); (D.D.); (V.L.); (B.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Vincent Lucansky
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; (Z.D.); (D.D.); (V.L.); (B.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Bibiana Malicherova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; (Z.D.); (D.D.); (V.L.); (B.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Ivana Kasubova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; (Z.D.); (D.D.); (V.L.); (B.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Jan Bujnak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kukuras Michalovce Hospital, 07101 Michalovce, Slovakia;
| | - Milos Mlyncek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty Hospital Nitra, Constantine the Philosopher University, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Carlos Alberto Dussan
- Department of Surgery, Orthopaedics and Oncology, University Hospital Linköping, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; (A.L.); (M.S.); (L.K.); (P.K.)
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 24144 Doha, Qatar;
| | - Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|