1
|
Kakizawa S, Arasaki T, Yoshida A, Sato A, Takino Y, Ishigami A, Akaike T, Yanai S, Endo S. Essential role of ROS - 8-Nitro-cGMP signaling in long-term memory of motor learning and cerebellar synaptic plasticity. Redox Biol 2024; 70:103053. [PMID: 38340634 PMCID: PMC10869263 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to have harmful effects in organisms, recent studies have demonstrated expression of ROS synthases at various parts of the organisms and the controlled ROS generation, suggesting possible involvement of ROS signaling in physiological events of individuals. However, physiological roles of ROS in the CNS, including functional roles in higher brain functions or neuronal activity-dependent ROS production, remain to be elucidated. Here, we demonstrated involvement of ROS - 8-NO2-cGMP signaling in motor learning and synaptic plasticity in the cerebellum. In the presence of inhibitors of ROS signal or ROS synthases, cerebellar motor learning was impaired, and the stimulus inducing long-term depression (LTD), cellular basis for the motor learning, failed to induce LTD but induced long-term potentiation (LTP)-like change at cerebellar synapses. Furthermore, ROS was produced by LTD-inducing stimulus in enzyme-dependent manner, and excess administration of the antioxidant vitamin E impaired cerebellar motor learning, suggesting beneficial roles of endogenous ROS in the learning. As a downstream signal, involvement of 8-NO2-cGMP in motor learning and cerebellar LTD were also revealed. These findings indicate that ROS - 8-NO2-cGMP signal is activated by neuronal activity and is essential for cerebellum-dependent motor learning and synaptic plasticity, demonstrating involvement of the signal in physiological function of brain systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sho Kakizawa
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Tomoko Arasaki
- Aging Neuroscience Research Team, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Ayano Yoshida
- Aging Neuroscience Research Team, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Ayami Sato
- Molecular Regulation of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yuka Takino
- Molecular Regulation of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Akihito Ishigami
- Molecular Regulation of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shuichi Yanai
- Aging Neuroscience Research Team, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Shogo Endo
- Aging Neuroscience Research Team, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Furlan S, Paradiso B, Greotti E, Volpe P, Nori A. Calsequestrin in Purkinje cells of mammalian cerebellum. Acta Histochem 2023; 125:152001. [PMID: 36669254 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.152001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cerebellum is devoted to motor coordination and cognitive functions. Endoplasmic reticulum is the largest intracellular calcium store involved in all neuronal functions. Intralumenal calcium binding proteins play a pivotal role in calcium storage and contribute to both calcium release and uptake. Calsequestrin, a key calcium binding protein of sarco-endoplasmic reticulum in skeletal and cardiac muscles, was identified in chicken and fish cerebellum Purkinje cells, but its expression in mammals and human counterpart has not been studied in depth. Aim of the present paper was to investigate expression and localization of Calsequestrin in mammalian cerebellum. Calsequestrin was found to be expressed at low level in cerebellum, but specifically concentrated in Calbindin D28- and zebrin- immunopositive-Purkinje cells. Two additional fundamental calcium store markers, sarco-endoplasmic calcium pump isoform 2, SERCA2, and Inositol-trisphosphate receptor isoform 1, IP3R1, were found to be co-expressed in the region, with some localization peculiarities. In conclusion, a new marker was identified for Purkinje cells in adult mammals, including humans. Such a marker might help in staminal neuronal cells specification and in dissection of still unknown neurodegeneration and physio-pathological effects of dysregulated calcium homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Furlan
- National Research Council, Institute of Neuroscience, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Beatrice Paradiso
- General Pathology Unit, Dolo Hospital, Riviera XXIX Aprile, 2, 30031 Dolo, Venice, Italy
| | - Elisa Greotti
- National Research Council, Institute of Neuroscience, 35121 Padova, Italy; University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), 35131 Padova, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Pompeo Volpe
- University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Nori
- University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), 35131 Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|