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Madadjim R, An T, Cui J. MicroRNAs in Pancreatic Cancer: Advances in Biomarker Discovery and Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3914. [PMID: 38612727 PMCID: PMC11011772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains a formidable malignancy characterized by high mortality rates, primarily attributable to late-stage diagnosis and a dearth of effective therapeutic interventions. The identification of reliable biomarkers holds paramount importance in enhancing early detection, prognostic evaluation, and targeted treatment modalities. Small non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs, have emerged as promising candidates for pancreatic cancer biomarkers in recent years. In this review, we delve into the evolving role of cellular and circulating miRNAs, including exosomal miRNAs, in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic targeting of pancreatic cancer. Drawing upon the latest research advancements in omics data-driven biomarker discovery, we also perform a case study using public datasets and address commonly identified research discrepancies, challenges, and limitations. Lastly, we discuss analytical approaches that integrate multimodal analyses incorporating clinical and molecular features, presenting new insights into identifying robust miRNA-centric biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan Cui
- School of Computing, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; (R.M.); (T.A.)
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2
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Pinkeova A, Kosutova N, Jane E, Lorencova L, Bertokova A, Bertok T, Tkac J. Medical Relevance, State-of-the-Art and Perspectives of "Sweet Metacode" in Liquid Biopsy Approaches. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:713. [PMID: 38611626 PMCID: PMC11011756 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14070713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This review briefly introduces readers to an area where glycomics meets modern oncodiagnostics with a focus on the analysis of sialic acid (Neu5Ac)-terminated structures. We present the biochemical perspective of aberrant sialylation during tumourigenesis and its significance, as well as an analytical perspective on the detection of these structures using different approaches for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. We also provide a comparison to other established liquid biopsy approaches, and we mathematically define an early-stage cancer based on the overall prognosis and effect of these approaches on the patient's quality of life. Finally, some barriers including regulations and quality of clinical validations data are discussed, and a perspective and major challenges in this area are summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pinkeova
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.P.); (N.K.); (E.J.); (L.L.)
- Glycanostics, Ltd., Kudlakova 7, 841 08 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Natalia Kosutova
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.P.); (N.K.); (E.J.); (L.L.)
| | - Eduard Jane
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.P.); (N.K.); (E.J.); (L.L.)
| | - Lenka Lorencova
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.P.); (N.K.); (E.J.); (L.L.)
| | - Aniko Bertokova
- Glycanostics, Ltd., Kudlakova 7, 841 08 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Tomas Bertok
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.P.); (N.K.); (E.J.); (L.L.)
| | - Jan Tkac
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.P.); (N.K.); (E.J.); (L.L.)
- Glycanostics, Ltd., Kudlakova 7, 841 08 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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Singh N, Khan IA, Rashid S, Rashid S, Roy S, Kaushik K, Kumar A, Das P, Lalwani S, Gupta D, Gunjan D, Dash NR, Chauhan SS, Gupta S, Saraya A. MicroRNA Signatures for Pancreatic Cancer and Chronic Pancreatitis: Expression Profiling by NGS. Pancreas 2024; 53:e260-e267. [PMID: 38345909 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly disease due to the lack of early detection. Because chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients are a high-risk group for pancreatic cancer, this study aimed to assess the differential miRNA profile in pancreatic tissue of patients with CP and pancreatic cancer. METHODS MiRNAs were isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded pancreatic tissue of 22 PDAC patients, 18 CP patients, and 10 normal pancreatic tissues from autopsy (C) cases and processed for next-generation sequencing. Known and novel miRNAs were identified and analyzed for differential miRNA expression, target prediction, and pathway enrichment between groups. RESULTS Among the miRNAs identified, 166 known and 17 novel miRNAs were found exclusively in PDAC tissues, while 106 known and 10 novel miRNAs were found specifically in CP tissues. The pathways targeted by PDAC-specific miRNAs and differentially expressed miRNAs between PDAC versus CP tissues and PDAC versus control tissues were the proteoglycans pathway, Hippo signaling pathway, adherens junction, and transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study resulted in a set of exclusive and differentially expressed miRNAs in PDAC and CP can be assessed for their diagnostic value. In addition, studying the role of miRNA-target gene interactions in carcinogenesis may open new therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Singh
- From the Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
| | - Imteyaz Ahmad Khan
- From the Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
| | - Safoora Rashid
- From the Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
| | - Sumaira Rashid
- From the Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
| | - Shikha Roy
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
| | | | - Amit Kumar
- ICMR AIIMS Computational Genomics Centre
| | | | | | - Dinesh Gupta
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
| | - Deepak Gunjan
- From the Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
| | | | | | - Surabhi Gupta
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anoop Saraya
- From the Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
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4
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Трухина ДА, Мамедова ЕО, Никитин АГ, Кошкин ФА, Белая ЖЕ, Мельниченко ГА. [Plasma miRNA expression in patients with genetically confirmed multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome and its phenocopies]. PROBLEMY ENDOKRINOLOGII 2024; 69:70-85. [PMID: 38311997 PMCID: PMC10848189 DOI: 10.14341/probl13357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MEN-1 is a rare autosomal dominant disease caused by mutations in MEN1 gene encoding the menin protein. This syndrome is characterized by the occurrence of parathyroid tumors, gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, pituitary adenomas, as well as other endocrine and non-endocrine tumors. If a patient with the MEN-1 phenotype carry no mutations in the MEN1 gene, the condition considers a phenocopy of syndrome (phMEN1). The possible cause of this changes could be changes in epigenetic regulation, particularly in microRNA expression that might affect menin signaling pathways. AIM to identify differently expressed circulating miRNAs in plasma in patients with genetically confirmed MEN-1 syndrome, its phenocopies and healthy controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS single-center, case-control study was conducted. We assessed plasma microRNA expression in patients with genetically confirmed MEN-1 (gMEN1), phMEN1 and healthy controls. Morning plasma samples were collected from fasting patients and stored at -80°C. Total RNA isolation was performed using miRNeasy Mini Kit with QIAcube. The libraries were prepared by the QIAseq miRNA Library Kit following the manufacturer. Circulating miRNA sequencing was done on Illumina NextSeq 500 (Illumina). Subsequent data processing was performed using the DESeq2 bioinformatics algorithm. RESULTS we enrolled 21 consecutive patients with gMEN1 and 11 patients with phMEN1, along with 12 gender matched controls. Median age of gMEN1 was 38,0 [34,0; 41,0]; in phMEN1 - 59,0 [51,0; 60,0]; control - 59,5 [51,5; 62,5]. The gMEN1 group differed in age (p<0.01) but not gender (р=0.739) or BMI (р=0.116) compared to phMEN1 and controls group, the last two groups did not differ by these parameters (p>0.05). 25 microRNA were differently expressed in groups gMEN1 and phMEN1 (21 upregulated microRNAs, 4 - downregulated). Comparison of samples from the phMEN-1 group and relatively healthy controls revealed 10 differently expressed microRNAs: 5 - upregulated; 5 - downregulated. In the gMEN-1 and control groups, 26 differently expressed microRNAs were found: 24 - upregulated; 2 - downregulated. The miRNAs most differing in expression among the groups were selected for further validation by RT-qPCR (in the groups of gMEN1 vs phMEN1 - miR-3613-5p, miR-335-5p, miR-32-5p, miR-425-3p, miR-25-5p, miR-576-5p, miR-215-5p, miR-30a-3p, miR-141-3p, miR-760, miR-501-3p; gMEN1 vs control - miR-1976, miR-144-5p miR-532-3p, miR-375; as well as in phMEN1 vs control - miR-944, miR-191-5p, miR-98-5p). CONCLUSION In a pilot study, we detected microRNAs that may be expressed differently between patients with gMEN-1 and phMEN-1. The results need to be validated using different measurement method with larger sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Д. А. Трухина
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии
| | - Е. О. Мамедова
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии
| | | | | | - Ж. Е. Белая
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии
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Huang B, Xin C, Yan H, Yu Z. A Machine Learning Method for a Blood Diagnostic Model of Pancreatic Cancer Based on microRNA Signatures. Crit Rev Immunol 2024; 44:13-23. [PMID: 38421702 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2023051250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to construct a blood diagnostic model for pancreatic cancer (PC) using miRNA signatures by a combination of machine learning and biological experimental verification. Gene expression profiles of patients with PC and transcriptome normalization data were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Using random forest algorithm, lasso regression algorithm, and multivariate cox regression analyses, the classifier of differentially expressed miRNAs was identified based on algorithms and functional properties. Next, the ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive performance of the diagnostic model. Finally, we analyzed the expression of two specific miRNAs in Capan-1, PANC-1, and MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cells using qRT-PCR. Integrated microarray analysis revealed that 33 common miRNAs exhibited significant differences in expression profiles between tumor and normal groups (P value < 0.05 and |logFC| > 0.3). Pathway analysis showed that differentially expressed miRNAs were related to P00059 p53 pathway, hsa04062 chemokine signaling pathway, and cancer-related pathways including PC. In ENCORI database, the hsa-miR-4486 and hsa-miR-6075 were identified by random forest algorithm and lasso regression algorithm and introduced as major miRNA markers in PC diagnosis. Further, the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis achieved the area under curve score > 80%, showing good sensitivity and specificity of the two-miRNA signature model in PC diagnosis. Additionally, hsa-miR-4486 and hsa-miR-6075 genes expressions in three pancreatic cells were all up-regulated by qRT-PCR. In summary, these findings suggest that the two miRNAs, hsa-miR-4486 and hsa-miR-6075, could serve as valuable prognostic markers for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huang
- The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University
| | - Chang Xin
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huanjun Yan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhewei Yu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Mohd Isa NI, Syafruddin SE, Mokhtar MH, Zainal Abidin S, Jaffar FHF, Ugusman A, Hamid AA. Potential Roles of microRNAs for Assessing Cardiovascular Risk in Pre-Eclampsia-Exposed Postpartum Women and Offspring. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16842. [PMID: 38069164 PMCID: PMC10706476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia, which is part of the spectrum of hypertensive pregnancy disorders, poses a significant health burden, contributing to maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Pre-eclampsia is widely associated with persistent adverse effects on the cardiovascular health of women with a history of pre-eclampsia. Additionally, there is increasing evidence demonstrating that offspring of pre-eclamptic pregnancies have altered cardiac structure and function, as well as different vascular physiology due to the decrease in endothelial function. Therefore, early detection of the likelihood of developing pre-eclampsia-associated cardiovascular diseases is vital, as this could facilitate the undertaking of the necessary clinical measures to avoid disease progression. The utilisation of microRNAs as biomarkers is currently on the rise as microRNAs have been found to play important roles in regulating various physiological and pathophysiological processes. In regard to pre-eclampsia, recent studies have shown that the expression of microRNAs is altered in postpartum women and their offspring who have been exposed to pre-eclampsia, and that these alterations may persist for several years. This review, therefore, addresses changes in microRNA expression found in postpartum women and offspring exposed to pre-eclampsia, their involvement in cardiovascular disease, and the potential role of microRNAs to be used as predictive tools and therapeutic targets in future cardiovascular disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Iffah Mohd Isa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (N.I.M.I.); (M.H.M.); (F.H.F.J.); (A.U.)
| | - Saiful Effendi Syafruddin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Mohd Helmy Mokhtar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (N.I.M.I.); (M.H.M.); (F.H.F.J.); (A.U.)
| | - Shahidee Zainal Abidin
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Malaysia;
| | - Farah Hanan Fathihah Jaffar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (N.I.M.I.); (M.H.M.); (F.H.F.J.); (A.U.)
| | - Azizah Ugusman
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (N.I.M.I.); (M.H.M.); (F.H.F.J.); (A.U.)
| | - Adila A. Hamid
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (N.I.M.I.); (M.H.M.); (F.H.F.J.); (A.U.)
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7
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Khan IA, Saraya A. Circulating MicroRNAs as Noninvasive Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Pancreatic Cancer: A Review. J Gastrointest Cancer 2023; 54:720-730. [PMID: 36322366 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-022-00877-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal human cancers. Currently, most PC cases are diagnosed at an already advanced stage. Early detection of PC is critical to improving survival rates. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify biomarkers for the early detection of PC. Recently, circulating miRNAs in whole blood and other body fluids have been reported as promising biomarkers for the early detection of various cancers, including PC. Furthermore, due to minimal invasiveness and technical availability, circulating miRNAs hold promise for further wide usage. As a potential novel molecular marker, circulating miRNAs not only represent promising noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic tools but could also improve the evaluation of tumor classification, metastasis, and curative effect. The purpose of this review is to outline the available information regarding circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for the early detection of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imteyaz Ahmad Khan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Anoop Saraya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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8
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Senaratne M, Swami SS, Aye SL, Trivedi Y, Bolgarina Z, Desai HN, Mohammed L. Clinical Value of Circulating microRNAs in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e43931. [PMID: 37746488 PMCID: PMC10513118 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancers and has a high mortality rate due to high invasiveness and rapid progression. Microribonucleic acid (microRNA) plays an essential role in diagnosing PC in the early stages, which improves the five-year survival rate. This systematic review aims to highlight the different subtypes of serum and plasma microRNAs and panel-based assays of microRNAs and how they play a crucial role in the diagnosis and prognosis of PC as a high-sensitive and specific novel biomarker. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, an in-depth search was performed by using regular keywords and major Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) keywords in PubMed (MEDLINE), PubMed Central, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library for articles related to this topic and published between 2013 and 2023, up to April 18, 2023. Further eligibility criteria and quality assessment tools were employed to assess the risk of bias, and 13 articles were finalized to be used in this review. The chosen articles included five cross-sectional studies, six systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and two literature reviews. This review provides strong evidence of the usage of microRNA for early diagnosis. It can also be used to exclude differential diagnoses of other diseases, and its prognostic value for determining metastasis and therapeutic efficacy in PC patients. Also, combining microRNA panels with carbohydrate antigen 19.9 (CA19-9) improves the sensitivity and specificity of microRNA as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithum Senaratne
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Shivling S Swami
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Soe Lwin Aye
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Yash Trivedi
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Zoryana Bolgarina
- Obstetrics & Gynecology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Heet N Desai
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Lubna Mohammed
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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9
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Liou GY, Byrd CJ. Diagnostic Bioliquid Markers for Pancreatic Cancer: What We Have vs. What We Need. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2446. [PMID: 37173913 PMCID: PMC10177101 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most common type of pancreatic cancer, currently has a dismal five-year survival rate of approximately 10% due to late diagnosis and a lack of efficient treatment options such as surgery. Furthermore, the majority of PDAC patients have surgically unresectable cancer, meaning cancer cells have either reached the surrounding blood vessels or metastasized to other organs distant from the pancreas area, resulting in low survival rates as compared to other types of cancers. In contrast, the five-year survival rate of surgically resectable PDAC patients is currently 44%. The late diagnosis of PDAC is a result of little or no symptoms in its early stage of development and a lack of specific biomarkers that may be utilized in routine examinations in the clinic. Although healthcare professionals understand the importance of early detection of PDAC, the research on the subject has lagged and no significant changes in the death toll of PDAC patients has been observed. This review is focused on understanding potential biomarkers that may increase the early diagnosis of PDAC patients at its surgically resectable stage. Here, we summarize the currently available biomarkers used in the clinic as well as those being developed with the hope of providing insight into the future of liquid biomarkers to be used in routine examinations for the early diagnosis of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geou-Yarh Liou
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
| | - Crystal J. Byrd
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
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Marin AM, Sanchuki HBS, Namur GN, Uno M, Zanette DL, Aoki MN. Circulating Cell-Free Nucleic Acids as Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Pancreatic Cancer. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041069. [PMID: 37189687 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A lack of reliable early diagnostic tools represents a major challenge in the management of pancreatic cancer (PCa), as the disease is often only identified after it reaches an advanced stage. This highlights the urgent need to identify biomarkers that can be used for the early detection, staging, treatment monitoring, and prognosis of PCa. A novel approach called liquid biopsy has emerged in recent years, which is a less- or non-invasive procedure since it focuses on plasmatic biomarkers such as DNA and RNA. In the blood of patients with cancer, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cell-free nucleic acids (cfNAs) have been identified such as DNA, mRNA, and non-coding RNA (miRNA and lncRNA). The presence of these molecules encouraged researchers to investigate their potential as biomarkers. In this article, we focused on circulating cfNAs as plasmatic biomarkers of PCa and analyzed their advantages compared to traditional biopsy methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelis Maria Marin
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Prof Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 Street, Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Bruna Soligo Sanchuki
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Prof Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 Street, Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Naccache Namur
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Miyuki Uno
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Dalila Luciola Zanette
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Prof Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 Street, Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Mateus Nóbrega Aoki
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Prof Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 Street, Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil
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11
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Dysregulation of Serum MicroRNA after Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Aged Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030822. [PMID: 36979801 PMCID: PMC10044892 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the most common diseases that leads to brain injury and mortality in patients, and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most devastating subtype of stroke. Though the prevalence of ICH increases with aging, the effect of aging on the pathophysiology of ICH remains largely understudied. Moreover, there is no effective treatment for ICH. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of circulating microRNAs as non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in various pathological conditions. While many studies have identified microRNAs that play roles in the pathophysiology of brain injury, few demonstrated their functions and roles after ICH. Given this significant knowledge gap, the present study aims to identify microRNAs that could serve as potential biomarkers of ICH in the elderly. To this end, sham or ICH was induced in aged C57BL/6 mice (18–24 months), and 24 h post-ICH, serum microRNAs were isolated, and expressions were analyzed. We identified 28 significantly dysregulated microRNAs between ICH and sham groups, suggesting their potential to serve as blood biomarkers of acute ICH. Among those microRNAs, based on the current literature, miR-124-3p, miR-137-5p, miR-138-5p, miR-219a-2-3p, miR-135a-5p, miR-541-5p, and miR-770-3p may serve as the most promising blood biomarker candidates of ICH, warranting further investigation.
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12
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Wnuk J, Strzelczyk JK, Gisterek I. Clinical Value of Circulating miRNA in Diagnosis, Prognosis, Screening and Monitoring Therapy of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma-A Review of the Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065113. [PMID: 36982210 PMCID: PMC10049684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is considered to be the seventh most common cause of cancer-related deaths. The number of deaths caused by PC is estimated to increase in the future. An early diagnosis of PC is crucial for improving treatment outcomes. The most common histopathological subtype of PC is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs)-which are endogenous non-coding RNAs involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of multiple gene expression-constitute useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in various neoplasms, including PDAC. Circulating miRNAs detected in a patient's serum or plasma are drawing more and more attention. Hence, this review aims at evaluating the clinical value of circulating miRNA in the screening, diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Wnuk
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 35 Ceglana St., 40-515 Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Iwona Gisterek
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 35 Ceglana St., 40-515 Katowice, Poland
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Zhao Z, Luo Q, Liu Y, Jiang K, Zhou L, Dai R, Wang H. Multi-level integrative analysis of the roles of lncRNAs and differential mRNAs in the progression of chronic pancreatitis to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:101. [PMID: 36879212 PMCID: PMC9990329 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09209-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most malignant tumors and approximately 5% of patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) inevitably develop PDAC. This study aims explore the key gene regulation involved in the progression of CP to PDAC, with a particular emphasis on the function of lncRNAs. RESULTS A total of 103 pancreatic tissue samples collected from 11 to 92 patients with CP and PDAC, respectively, were included in this study. After normalizing and logarithmically converting the original data, differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and mRNAs (DEGs) in each dataset were selected. To determine the main functional pathways of differential mRNAs, we further annotated DEGs using gene ontology (GO) and analyzed the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment. In addition, the interaction between lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA was clarified and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to screen for key modules and determine hub genes. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the changes in non-coding RNAs and key mRNAs in the pancreatic tissues of patients with CP and PDAC. In this study, 230 lncRNAs and 17,668 mRNAs were included. There were nine upregulated lncRNAs and 188 downregulated lncRNAs. Furthermore, 2334 upregulated differential mRNAs and 10,341 downregulated differential mRNAs were included in the enrichment analysis. From the KEGG enrichment analysis, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, calcium signaling pathway, cAMP signaling pathway, and nicotine addiction exhibited significant differences. Additionally, a total of 52 lncRNAs, 104 miRNAs, and 312 mRNAs were included in the construction of a potential lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. PPI network was established and two of the five central DEGs were created in this module, suggesting that lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPAR1) and regulator of calcineurin 2 (RCAN2) may play significant roles in the progression from CP to PDAC. Finally, the PCR results suggested that LINC01547/hsa-miR-4694-3p/LPAR1 and LINC00482/hsa-miR-6756-3p/RCAN2 play important roles in the carcinogenesis process of CP. CONCLUSION Two signaling axes critical in the progression of CP to PDAC were screened out. Our findings will be useful for novel insights into the molecular mechanism and potential diagnostic or therapeutic biomarkers for CP and PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirong Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China.,Pancreatic injury and repair Key laboratory of Sichuan Province, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, 430056, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kexin Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Lichen Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruiwu Dai
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China. .,Pancreatic injury and repair Key laboratory of Sichuan Province, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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14
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Khan MM, Serajuddin M, Bharadwaj M. Potential plasma microRNAs signature miR-190b-5p, miR-215-5p and miR-527 as non-invasive biomarkers for prostate cancer. Biomarkers 2023; 28:227-237. [PMID: 36644827 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2022.2163694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundProstate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent (20%) pathological cancer among males globally. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (19-22 nucleotide), conserved, noncoding molecules that regulate post-transcriptional processes either by repressing or degrading mRNA or by translation inhibition binding to complementary sites on mRNA. The goal of this study was to find out whether differentially expressed microRNA (DEM) could be used as a potential marker in the prognosis and diagnosis of PCa.MethodologyThe miRNAs profiling was done both from plasma and tissue samples of the same PCa patient (n = 3) by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and compared with BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia) patients (n = 3) as controls and further validation of selected miRNAs.ResultsWe found 55 significant overexpressed DEMs, 44 significant underexpressed DEMs in plasma and 6 significant overexpressed DEMs, 27 significant underexpressed DEMs in tissue compared between PCa and BPH. Furthermore, there were eight miRNAs namely miR-190b, miR-215, miR-300, miR-329, miR-504, miR-525-3p, miR-527, miR-548a-3p found to be significantly differentially expressed in plasma and tissue samples via profiling, however only three showed concordant expression. After validation, miR-190b-5p were shown to be significantly downexpressed with fold changes of 0.4177 (p value - 0.0072) and 0.7264 (p value - 0.0143) in plasma and tissue samples, respectively. The expression of miR-215-5p was shown to be significantly overexpressed with fold change of 1.820 (p - 0.0016) and 1.476 (p - 0.0407) in plasma and tissue samples, respectively. Furthermore, miR-527 was shown to be significantly downexpressed with fold changes of 0.6018 (p - 0.0095) and 0.6917 (p - 0.0155) in plasma and tissue samples, respectively.ConclusionAccording to our findings, plasma miR-190b-5p, miR-215-5p, miR-527 levels alteration is consistently linked with PCa tissue. For establishing significant miRNAs as biomarkers, additional research of a larger population is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Mabood Khan
- Division of Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, National Institute of Cancer Prevention & Research (ICMR-NICPR), Noida, India.,Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Mausumi Bharadwaj
- Division of Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, National Institute of Cancer Prevention & Research (ICMR-NICPR), Noida, India
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15
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Van Goethem A, Deleu J, Yigit N, Everaert C, Moreno-Smith M, Vasudevan S, Zeka F, Demuynck F, Barbieri E, Speleman F, Mestdagh P, Shohet J, Vandesompele J, Van Maerken T. Longitudinal evaluation of serum microRNAs as biomarkers for neuroblastoma burden and therapeutic p53 reactivation. NAR Cancer 2023; 5:zcad002. [PMID: 36683916 PMCID: PMC9846426 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcad002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate assessment of treatment response and residual disease is indispensable for the evaluation of cancer treatment efficacy. However, performing tissue biopsies for longitudinal follow-up poses a major challenge in the management of solid tumours like neuroblastoma. In the present study, we evaluated whether circulating miRNAs are suitable to monitor neuroblastoma tumour burden and whether treatment-induced changes of miRNA abundance in the tumour are detectable in serum. We performed small RNA sequencing on longitudinally collected serum samples from mice carrying orthotopic neuroblastoma xenografts that were exposed to treatment with idasanutlin or temsirolimus. We identified 57 serum miRNAs to be differentially expressed upon xenograft tumour manifestation, out of which 21 were also found specifically expressed in the serum of human high-risk neuroblastoma patients. The murine serum levels of these 57 miRNAs correlated with tumour tissue expression and tumour volume, suggesting potential utility for monitoring tumour burden. In addition, we describe serum miRNAs that dynamically respond to p53 activation following treatment of engrafted mice with idasanutlin. We identified idasanutlin-induced serum miRNA expression changes upon one day and 11 days of treatment. By limiting to miRNAs with a tumour-related induction, we put forward hsa-miR-34a-5p as a potential pharmacodynamic biomarker of p53 activation in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Van Goethem
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jill Deleu
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nurten Yigit
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Celine Everaert
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Myrthala Moreno-Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sanjeev A Vasudevan
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fjoralba Zeka
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fleur Demuynck
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eveline Barbieri
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Frank Speleman
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- PPOL, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Mestdagh
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jason Shohet
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jo Vandesompele
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Van Maerken
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AZ Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium
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Pancreatic Cancer in Chronic Pancreatitis: Pathogenesis and Diagnostic Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030761. [PMID: 36765725 PMCID: PMC9913572 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis is one of the main risk factors for pancreatic cancer, but it is a rare event. Inflammation and oncogenes work hand in hand as key promoters of this disease. Tobacco is another co-factor. During alcoholic chronic pancreatitis, the cumulative risk of cancer is estimated at 4% after 15 to 20 years. This cumulative risk is higher in hereditary pancreatitis: 19 and 12% in the case of PRSS1 and SPINK1 mutations, respectively, at an age of 60 years. The diagnosis is difficult due to: (i) clinical symptoms of cancer shared with those of chronic pancreatitis; (ii) the parenchymal and ductal remodeling of chronic pancreatitis rendering imaging analysis difficult; and (iii) differential diagnoses, such as pseudo-tumorous chronic pancreatitis and paraduodenal pancreatitis. Nevertheless, the occurrence of cancer during chronic pancreatitis must be suspected in the case of back pain, weight loss, unbalanced diabetes, and jaundice, despite alcohol withdrawal. Imaging must be systematically reviewed. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy can contribute by targeting suspicious tissue areas with the help of molecular biology (search for KRAS, TP53, CDKN2A, DPC4 mutations). Short-term follow-up of patients is necessary at the clinical and paraclinical levels to try to diagnose cancer at a surgically curable stage. Pancreatic surgery is sometimes necessary if there is any doubt.
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17
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Qu Y, Ding Y, Lu J, Jia Y, Bian C, Guo Y, Zheng Z, Mei W, Cao F, Li F. Identification of key microRNAs in exosomes derived from patients with the severe acute pancreatitis. Asian J Surg 2023; 46:337-347. [PMID: 35691812 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exosomes have been identified as important carriers of various genetic materials, including microRNAs (miRNAs). Increasing evidence indicates that the course of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is associated with miRNAs transported by exosomes. We aimed to identify the signature miRNAs as biomarkers of SAP. METHODS We obtained exosomes from the SAP patients' blood. After separation, purification, and identification, we performed high-throughput sequencing and screened the differentially expressed(DE) miRNAs in the exosomes. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to identified the target genes of the miRNAs and the pathways enriched based on Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses, and selected the key miRNAs related to SAP. Total RNA was extracted from patient serum exosomes to detect the expression levels of the selected miRNAs in exosomes of three experimental groups (mild -, moderately severe -, and severe AP) and a control group, using Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). RESULTS 272 DE miRNAs were identified between SAP and control group. Using bioinformatics analysis, we determined that the functions of the target genes were enriched in six signaling pathways including focal adhesion. Based on this, seven candidate signature miRNAs were selected: miR-603, miR-548ad-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-4477a, miR-192-5p, miR-215-5p, and miR-583. The RT-qPCR results of the seven miRNAs in the SAP group were consistent with the sequencing results. CONCLUSION Exosome-derived miR-603, miR-548ad-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-4477a, miR-192-5p, miR-215-5p, miR-583 are positively correlated with SAP, which might provide new insights into the pathogenesis of SAP and serve as the biomarkers of SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxu Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Clinical Center for Acute Pancreatitis, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Yixuan Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Clinical Center for Acute Pancreatitis, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Jiongdi Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Clinical Center for Acute Pancreatitis, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Yuchen Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Clinical Center for Acute Pancreatitis, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Chunjing Bian
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Clinical Center for Acute Pancreatitis, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Yulin Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Clinical Center for Acute Pancreatitis, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Clinical Center for Acute Pancreatitis, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Wentong Mei
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Clinical Center for Acute Pancreatitis, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Clinical Center for Acute Pancreatitis, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China.
| | - Fei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Clinical Center for Acute Pancreatitis, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China.
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Sharma N, Srivastava S. Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer Using miRNA30e Biosensor. Interdiscip Sci 2022; 14:804-813. [PMID: 35781212 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-022-00531-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This work describes miRNA-based electrochemical biosensor for detection of miRNA30e, a pancreatic cancer biomarker. The screen-printed gold electrode was functionalized using cysteine hydrochloride followed by immobilization of synthesized colloidal gold nanorods (10-12 nm diameter and 25-65 nm length). The gold nanorods modified electrode surface was amino functionalized for covalent attachment of single-stranded DNA probe against miRNA30e (miR30e). This platform was utilized for electrochemical measurements and response analysis of target miRNA30e. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopic measurements showed very poor sensitivity (13.51 Ω/µg/mL/cm2) using charge transfer resistance calibration plots. Cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry-based miR30e quantification showed decreasing current response with increasing concentration of miR30e with detection range of 0.1 fg/mL-0.1 µg/mL (14.9 aM-14.9 nM). The sensitivity of DPV sensing (104.4 µA/µg/mL/cm2) was found to be 1.3 times higher than that of CV-based quantification (79.6 µA/µg/mL/cm2). miRNA-based biosensors have the potential of replacing current invasive, time consuming and technically difficult diagnostic procedures. Furthermore, the lower limit of detection of 14.9 aM miRNA30e makes it a promising tool for detection of cancer at early stages and hence increasing survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namita Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector-62, Noida, UP, India
| | - Sudha Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector-62, Noida, UP, India.
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The Emerging Role of MicroRNAs and Autophagy Mechanism in Pancreatic Cancer Progression: Future Therapeutic Approaches. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101868. [PMID: 36292753 PMCID: PMC9602304 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer constitutes the fourth most frequent cause of death due to malignancy in the US. Despite the new therapeutic modalities, the management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is considered a difficult task for clinicians due to the fact that is usually diagnosed in already advanced stages and it is relatively resistant to the current chemotherapeutic agents. The molecular background analysis of pancreatic malignant tumors, which includes various epigenetic and genetic alterations, opens new horizons for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The interplay between miRNAs, autophagy pathway, and pancreatic carcinogenesis is in the spotlight of the current research. There is strong evidence that miRNAs take part in carcinogenesis either as tumor inhibitors that combat the oncogene expression or as promoters (oncomiRs) by acting as oncogenes by interfering with various cell functions such as proliferation, programmed cell death, and metabolic and signaling pathways. Deregulation of the expression levels of various miRNAs is closely associated with tumor growth, progression, and dissemination, as well as low sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. Similarly, autophagy despite constituting a pivotal homeostatic mechanism for cell survival has a binary role in PDAC, either as an inhibitor or promoter of carcinogenesis. The emerging role of miRNAs in autophagy gets a great deal of attention as it opens new opportunities for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the management of this aggressive and chemoresistant malignancy. In this review, we will shed light on the interplay between miRNAs and the autophagy mechanism for pancreatic cancer development and progression.
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20
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Chen JW, Dhahbi J. Identification of four serum miRNAs as potential markers to screen for thirteen cancer types. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269554. [PMID: 35687572 PMCID: PMC9187062 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cancer consistently remains one of the top causes of death in the United States every year, with many cancer deaths preventable if detected early. Circulating serum miRNAs are a promising, minimally invasive supplement or even an alternative to many current screening procedures. Many studies have shown that different serum miRNAs can discriminate healthy individuals from those with certain types of cancer. Although many of those miRNAs are often reported to be significant in one cancer type, they are also altered in other cancer types. Currently, very few studies have investigated serum miRNA biomarkers for multiple cancer types for general cancer screening purposes. Method To identify serum miRNAs that would be useful in screening multiple types of cancers, microarray cancer datasets were curated, yielding 13 different types of cancer with a total of 3352 cancer samples and 2809 non-cancer samples. The samples were divided into training and validation sets. One hundred random forest models were built using the training set to select candidate miRNAs. The selected miRNAs were then used in the validation set to see how well they differentiate cancer from normal samples in an independent dataset. Furthermore, the interactions between these miRNAs and their target mRNAs were investigated. Result The random forest models achieved an average of 97% accuracy in the training set with 95% bootstrap confidence interval of 0.9544 to 0.9778. The selected miRNAs were hsa-miR-663a, hsa-miR-6802-5p, hsa-miR-6784-5p, hsa-miR-3184-5p, and hsa-miR-8073. Each miRNA exhibited high area under the curve (AUC) value using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Moreover, the combination of four out of five miRNAs achieved the highest AUC value of 0.9815 with high sensitivity of 0.9773, indicating that these miRNAs have a high potential for cancer screening. miRNA-mRNA and protein-protein interaction analysis provided insights into how these miRNAs play a role in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe W. Chen
- California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA, United States of America
| | - Joseph Dhahbi
- California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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21
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Lin KW, Ang TL, Li JW. Role of artificial intelligence in early detection and screening for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Artif Intell Med Imaging 2022; 3:21-32. [DOI: 10.35711/aimi.v3.i2.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma remains to be one of the deadliest malignancies in the world despite treatment advancement over the past few decades. Its low survival rates and poor prognosis can be attributed to ambiguity in recommendations for screening and late symptom onset, contributing to its late presentation. In the recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) as emerged as a field to aid in the process of clinical decision making. Considerable efforts have been made in the realm of AI to screen for and predict future development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. This review discusses the use of AI in early detection and screening for pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and factors which may limit its use in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Weicong Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore 529889, Singapore
| | - Tiing Leong Ang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore 529889, Singapore
| | - James Weiquan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore 529889, Singapore
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Powrózek T, Ochieng Otieno M. Blood Circulating Non-Coding RNAs for the Clinical Management of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:803. [PMID: 35159070 PMCID: PMC8833777 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, and is related to unfavorable prognosis and limited treatment strategies. Currently, there is a lack of reliable biomarkers allowing for the clinical management of TNBC. This is probably caused by a complex molecular background, leading to the development and establishment of a unique tumor phenotype. Recent studies have reported non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) not only as the most promising class of molecular agents with a high applicability to manage human cancers, including TNBC, but also as robust and non-invasive biomarkers that are able to be monitored in blood circulation, with the application of liquid biopsy. There is a lack of papers discussing the role of blood-circulating ncRNAs as diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic biomarkers for TNBC. In this paper, we summarized the available literature reports on the utility of blood-circulating ncRNAs for TNBC management. Additionally, we supplemented this review by bioinformatics analysis, for better understanding of the role of ncRNAs' machinery in the development of a unique TNBC phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Powrózek
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Michael Ochieng Otieno
- Haematological Malignancies H12O Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
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Lutsenko A, Belaya Z, Nikitin A, Solodovnikov A, Lapshina A, Koshkin P, Vorontsova M, Rozhinskaya L, Melnichenko G, Dedov I. Circulating Plasma MicroRNA in Patients With Active Acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:500-511. [PMID: 34550352 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Excessive production of growth hormone causes marked multiorgan changes in patients with acromegaly, which may involve epigenetic mechanisms. OBJECTIVE To evaluate differences in circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with chronic growth hormone overproduction in adults. DESIGN AND SETTING A cross-sectional case-control study was conducted at a tertiary medical center. PARTICIPANTS We enrolled 12 consecutive patients with acromegaly along with 12 age- and sex-matched controls in the discovery phase of the study and then extended this cohort to 47 patients with acromegaly and 28 healthy controls for the validation study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Plasma miRNAs were quantified by next-generation sequencing (NGS) in the discovery phase. Levels of selected miRNAs were validated on extended cohorts using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), compared between groups, and correlated with clinical parameters. RESULTS Based on NGS data, we selected 3 plasma miRNAs downregulated in patients with acromegaly compared to healthy controls: miR-4446-3p -1.317 (P = 0.001), miR-215-5p -3.040 (P = 0.005), and miR-342-5p -1.875 (P = 0.013) without multiplicity correction for all 3 miRNAs. These results were confirmed by RT-qPCR in the validation phase for 2 miRNAs out of 3: miR-4446-3p (P < 0.001, Padjusted < 0.001), area under the receiver-operator curve (AUC) 0.862 (95% CI 0.723-0.936; P < 0.001) and miR-215-5p (P < 0.001, Padjusted < 0.001), AUC 0.829 (95% CI 0.698-0.907; P < 0.001) to differentiate patients with acromegaly from healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS In a 2-phase experiment using 2 different techniques we found and validated the downregulation of plasma miR-4446-3p and miR-215-5p in patients with acromegaly compared to healthy subjects, which makes them promising biomarkers for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lutsenko
- Department of Neuroendocrinology and Bone Diseases, Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zhanna Belaya
- Department of Neuroendocrinology and Bone Diseases, Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Nikitin
- Genetics Laboratory, Federal Research and Clinical Center FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Solodovnikov
- Department of Preventive and Family Medicine, Ural State Medical University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia Lapshina
- Department of Fundamental Pathomorphology, Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Philipp Koshkin
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Center of Medical Genetics (Genomed), Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Vorontsova
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Institute for Regenerative medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Paediatric Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Liudmila Rozhinskaya
- Department of Neuroendocrinology and Bone Diseases, Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina Melnichenko
- Institute of Clinical Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Dedov
- Department of Neuroendocrinology and Bone Diseases, Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
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Osei-Bordom DC, Sachdeva G, Christou N. Liquid Biopsy as a Prognostic and Theranostic Tool for the Management of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:788869. [PMID: 35096878 PMCID: PMC8795626 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.788869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) represent one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. Survival is still low due to diagnosis at an advanced stage and resistance to treatment. Herein, we review the main types of liquid biopsy able to help in both prognosis and adaptation of treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Osei-Bordom
- Department of General Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Centre for Liver and Gastroenterology Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gagandeep Sachdeva
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Niki Christou
- Department of General Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Limoges, Limoges, France
- EA3842 CAPTuR Laboratory "Cell Activation Control, Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Resistance", Faculty of Medicine, Limoges, France
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25
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Jin L, Ma X, Zhang N, Zhang Q, Chen X, Zhang Z, Ding G, Yu H. Targeting Oncogenic miR-181a-2-3p Inhibits Growth and Suppresses Cisplatin Resistance of Gastric Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:8599-8609. [PMID: 34815714 PMCID: PMC8605795 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s332713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to explore the value of miR-181a-2-3p in cisplatin (DDP) treatment effectiveness prediction, and to reveal the function underlying the reversal of DDP resistance in patients with gastric cancer (GC). Methods miRNA expression dataset of three DDP-resistant GC cell lines and their DDP-sensitive parental cell lines obtained from GEO DataSets and GenBank, and functional miRNAs were annotated by bioinformatics analyses. Serum specimens and tumor samples were collected from 91 GC patients for understanding of the interrelation between chemotherapy response and miRNA expression. RT-qPCR validated these miRNAs at the transcriptional level in both gastric cancer cells and 91 gastric cancer patients. The correlation between the miRNAs expression and clinical parameters of the patients were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis has been utilized to assess the diagnostic performance. The MTT and colony formation assays were performed to assess cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was conducted to detect cell apoptosis. DDP-resistant GC cells and their DDP-sensitive parental cells were transfected with miRNA mimic or inhibitor vector to overexpress or downregulate miRNA expression. Results miR-181a-2-3p as a unique miRNA was found in the common differentially expressed-miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) after miRNA screening and validation from three DDP-resistant and DDP-sensitive gastric cancer cell lines. Clinical data analysis displayed that miR-181a-2-3p expression was apparently increased in larger tumor size (≥5 cm), higher T stage (T4), and chemotherapy resistance. miR-181a-2-3p (AUC=0.926, SE=0.028, 95% CI: 0.872-0.980, p< 0.0001) differentiated chemosensitive GC patients from chemoresistant GC patients. miR-181a-2-3p presented a higher level in gastric cancer, and could serve as a valid biomarker to predict the overall survival of GC patients. Upregulation of miR-181a-2-3p rendered the apoptosis-inducing and anti-proliferative effects of DDP, while downregulating it decreased these effects. Conclusion miR-181a-2-3p can function as a therapeutic target and a tumor biomarker. Targeting oncogenic miR-181a-2-3p inhibits growth and suppresses cisplatin resistance of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Clinical Epidemiology and EBM Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueming Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqian Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi Yu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Andreeva OE, Sorokin DV, Mikhaevich EI, Bure IV, Shchegolev YY, Nemtsova MV, Gudkova MV, Scherbakov AM, Krasil’nikov MA. Towards Unravelling the Role of ERα-Targeting miRNAs in the Exosome-Mediated Transferring of the Hormone Resistance. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216661. [PMID: 34771077 PMCID: PMC8588049 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hormone therapy is one of the most effective breast cancer treatments, however, its application is limited by the progression of hormonal resistance, both primary or acquired. The development of hormonal resistance is caused either by an irreversible block of hormonal signalling (suppression of the activity or synthesis of hormone receptors), or by activation of oestrogen-independent signalling pathways. Recently the effect of exosome-mediated intercellular transfer of hormonal resistance was revealed, however, the molecular mechanism of this effect is still unknown. Here, the role of exosomal miRNAs (microRNAs) in the transferring of hormonal resistance in breast cancer cells has been studied. The methods used in the work include extraction, purification and RNAseq of miRNAs, transfection of miRNA mimetics, immunoblotting, reporter analysis and the MTT test. Using MCF7 breast cancer cells and MCF7/T tamoxifen-resistant sub-line, we have found that some miRNAs, suppressors of oestrogen receptor signalling, are overexpressed in the exosomes of the resistant breast cancer cells. The multiple (but not single) transfection of one of the identified miRNA, miR-181a-2, into oestrogen-dependent MCF7 cells induced the irreversible tamoxifen resistance associated with the continuous block of the oestrogen receptor signalling and the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway. We suppose that the miRNAs-ERα suppressors may act as trigger agents inducing the block of oestrogen receptor signalling and breast cancer cell transition to an aggressive oestrogen-independent state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga E. Andreeva
- Department of Experimental Tumour Biology, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (O.E.A.); (D.V.S.); (E.I.M.); (Y.Y.S.); (M.V.G.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Danila V. Sorokin
- Department of Experimental Tumour Biology, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (O.E.A.); (D.V.S.); (E.I.M.); (Y.Y.S.); (M.V.G.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Ekaterina I. Mikhaevich
- Department of Experimental Tumour Biology, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (O.E.A.); (D.V.S.); (E.I.M.); (Y.Y.S.); (M.V.G.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Irina V. Bure
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.B.); (M.V.N.)
| | - Yuri Y. Shchegolev
- Department of Experimental Tumour Biology, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (O.E.A.); (D.V.S.); (E.I.M.); (Y.Y.S.); (M.V.G.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Marina V. Nemtsova
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.B.); (M.V.N.)
| | - Margarita V. Gudkova
- Department of Experimental Tumour Biology, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (O.E.A.); (D.V.S.); (E.I.M.); (Y.Y.S.); (M.V.G.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Alexander M. Scherbakov
- Department of Experimental Tumour Biology, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (O.E.A.); (D.V.S.); (E.I.M.); (Y.Y.S.); (M.V.G.); (M.A.K.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Mikhail A. Krasil’nikov
- Department of Experimental Tumour Biology, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (O.E.A.); (D.V.S.); (E.I.M.); (Y.Y.S.); (M.V.G.); (M.A.K.)
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Micheel J, Safrastyan A, Wollny D. Advances in Non-Coding RNA Sequencing. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:70. [PMID: 34842804 PMCID: PMC8628893 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7040070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) comprise a set of abundant and functionally diverse RNA molecules. Since the discovery of the first ncRNA in the 1960s, ncRNAs have been shown to be involved in nearly all steps of the central dogma of molecular biology. In recent years, the pace of discovery of novel ncRNAs and their cellular roles has been greatly accelerated by high-throughput sequencing. Advances in sequencing technology, library preparation protocols as well as computational biology helped to greatly expand our knowledge of which ncRNAs exist throughout the kingdoms of life. Moreover, RNA sequencing revealed crucial roles of many ncRNAs in human health and disease. In this review, we discuss the most recent methodological advancements in the rapidly evolving field of high-throughput sequencing and how it has greatly expanded our understanding of ncRNA biology across a large number of different organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Damian Wollny
- RNA Bioinformatics/High Throughput Analysis, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany; (J.M.); (A.S.)
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28
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The Role of Circulating MicroRNAs in Patients with Early-Stage Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101468. [PMID: 34680585 PMCID: PMC8533318 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is increasing in incidence and is still associated with a high rate of mortality. Only a minority of patients are diagnosed in the early stage. Radical surgery is the only potential curative procedure. However, radicality is reached in 20% of patients operated on. Despite the multidisciplinary approach in resectable tumors, early tumor recurrences are common. Options on how to select optimal candidates for resection remain limited. Nevertheless, accumulating evidence shows an important role of circulating non-coding plasma and serum microRNAs (miRNAs), which physiologically regulate the function of a target protein. miRNAs also play a crucial role in carcinogenesis. In PDAC patients, the expression levels of certain miRNAs vary and may modulate the function of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. As they can be detected in a patient's blood, they have the potential to become promising non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Moreover, they may also serve as markers of chemoresistance. Thus, miRNAs could be useful for early and accurate diagnosis, prognostic stratification, and individual treatment planning. In this review, we summarize the latest findings on miRNAs in PDAC patients, focusing on their potential use in the early stage of the disease.
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29
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Chen X, Liu F, Xue Q, Weng X, Xu F. Metastatic pancreatic cancer: Mechanisms and detection (Review). Oncol Rep 2021; 46:231. [PMID: 34498718 PMCID: PMC8444192 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a lethal malignancy. Its prevalence rate remains low but continues to grow each year. Among all stages of PC, metastatic PC is defined as late-stage (stage IV) PC and has an even higher fatality rate. Patients with PC do not have any specific clinical manifestations. Most cases are inoperable at the time-point of diagnosis. Prognosis is also poor even with curative-intent surgery. Complications during surgery, postoperative pancreatic fistula and recurrence with metastatic foci make the management of metastatic PC difficult. While extensive efforts were made to improve survival outcomes, further elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of metastasis poses a formidable challenge. The present review provided an overview of the mechanisms of metastatic PC, summarizing currently known signaling pathways (e.g. epithelial-mesenchymal transition, NF-κB and KRAS), imaging that may be utilized for early detection and biomarkers (e.g. carbohydrate antigen 19-9, prostate cancer-associated transcript-1, F-box/LRR-repeat protein 7 and tumor stroma), giving insight into promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangling Chen
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, P.R. China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Department of Art, Art College, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Qingping Xue
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, P.R. China
| | - Xiechuan Weng
- Department of Neuroscience, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Fan Xu
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, P.R. China
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30
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Tarasiuk A, Mackiewicz T, Małecka-Panas E, Fichna J. Biomarkers for early detection of pancreatic cancer - miRNAs as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic tool? Cancer Biol Ther 2021; 22:347-356. [PMID: 34224317 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2021.1941584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest malignancies, with poor prognosis resulting mostly from late diagnosis. Surgery remains the most effective treatment and early detection significantly increases the overall survival. Biomarkers used for diagnosis and to monitor the response to treatment, such as carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), are not adequate as early detection markers of PDAC, partly due to low sensitivity/specificity. Therefore, new biomarkers for PDAC are critically needed. This review aims at recent advancements in the identification and characterization of new biomarkers, microRNAs, which might prove useful in the early detection of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Tarasiuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Mackiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Małecka-Panas
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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