1
|
Alvarez-Monell A, Subias-Gusils A, Mariné-Casadó R, Boqué N, Caimari A, Solanas M, Escorihuela RM. Impact of Calorie-Restricted Cafeteria Diet and Treadmill Exercise on Sweet Taste in Diet-Induced Obese Female and Male Rats. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010144. [PMID: 36615803 PMCID: PMC9823820 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of the present study was to evaluate the sweet taste function in obese rats fed with a 30% calorie-restricted cafeteria diet (CAFR) and/or subjected to moderate treadmill exercise (12-17 m/min, 35 min, 5 days per week) for 9 weeks. A two-bottle preference test, a taste reactivity test, and a brief-access licking test were carried out when animals were aged 21 weeks; biometric and metabolic parameters were also measured along the interventions. Two separate experiments for females and males were performed. Behaviorally, CAF diet decreased sucrose intake and preference, as well as perceived palatability, in both sexes and decreased hedonic responses in males. Compared to the CAF diet, CAFR exerted a corrective effect on sweet taste variables in females by increasing sucrose intake in the preference test and licking responses, while exercise decreased sucrose intake in both sexes and licking responses in females. As expected, CAF diet increased body weight and Lee index and worsened the metabolic profile in both sexes, whereas CAFR diet ameliorated these effects mainly in females. Exercise had no noticeable effects on these parameters. We conclude that CAF diet might diminish appetitive behavior toward sucrose in both sexes, and that this effect could be partially reverted by CAFR diet in females only, while exercise might exert protective effects against overconsumption of sucrose in both sexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Alvarez-Monell
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08913 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Alex Subias-Gusils
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Department de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Roger Mariné-Casadó
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Noemi Boqué
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Antoni Caimari
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Montserrat Solanas
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08913 Bellaterra, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (R.M.E.); Tel.: +34-93-5811373 (M.S.); +34-93-5813296 (R.M.E.)
| | - Rosa M. Escorihuela
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Department de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (R.M.E.); Tel.: +34-93-5811373 (M.S.); +34-93-5813296 (R.M.E.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Baiges-Gaya G, Rodríguez-Tomàs E, Castañé H, Jiménez-Franco A, Amigó N, Camps J, Joven J. Combining Dietary Intervention with Metformin Treatment Enhances Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Remission in Mice Fed a High-Fat High-Sucrose Diet. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121787. [PMID: 36551216 PMCID: PMC9775246 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are serious health concerns for which lifestyle interventions are the only effective first-line treatment. Dietary interventions are effective in body weight reduction, but not in improving insulin sensitivity and hepatic lipid mobilization. Conversely, metformin increases insulin sensitivity and promotes the inhibition of de novo hepatic lipogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the metformin effectiveness in NASH prevention and treatment, when combined with dietary intervention in male mice fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHSD). Eighty 5-week-old C57BL/6J male mice were fed a chow or HFHSD diet and sacrificed at 20 or 40 weeks. The HFHSD-fed mice developed NASH after 20 weeks. Lipoprotein and lipidomic analyses showed that the changes associated with diet were not prevented by metformin administration. HFHSD-fed mice subject to dietary intervention combined with metformin showed a 19.6% body weight reduction compared to 9.8% in those mice subjected to dietary intervention alone. Lower hepatic steatosis scores were induced. We conclude that metformin should not be considered a preventive option for NAFLD, but it is effective in the treatment of this disorder when combined with dietary intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Baiges-Gaya
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Rovira i Virgili University (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Santiària Pere i Virgili (IISPV), 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Elisabet Rodríguez-Tomàs
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Rovira i Virgili University (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Santiària Pere i Virgili (IISPV), 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Helena Castañé
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Rovira i Virgili University (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Santiària Pere i Virgili (IISPV), 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Andrea Jiménez-Franco
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Rovira i Virgili University (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Núria Amigó
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Rovira i Virgili University (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disease (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Biosfer Teslab, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Jordi Camps
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Rovira i Virgili University (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Santiària Pere i Virgili (IISPV), 43201 Reus, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (J.J.)
| | - Jorge Joven
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Rovira i Virgili University (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Santiària Pere i Virgili (IISPV), 43201 Reus, Spain
- Campus of International Excellence Southern Catalonia, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (J.J.)
| |
Collapse
|