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Madkour M, Aboelenin MM, Habashy WS, Matter IA, Shourrap M, Hemida MA, Elolimy AA, Aboelazab O. Effects of oregano and/or rosemary extracts on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, cecal bacteria, tight junction proteins, and antioxidants-related genes in heat-stressed broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103996. [PMID: 39024691 PMCID: PMC11315179 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The study examined the impact of adding oregano extract and/or rosemary to broiler diets to counteract the growth inhibition caused by heat stress (HS). It also investigated the effects on the activity of digestive enzymes, microbiological composition, and the expression of antioxidant and tight junction-related proteins. Three hundred- and fifty-day-old male broilers, were randomly assigned to 7 treatment groups, with each group comprising 5 replicates, and each replicate containing 10 chicks in a cage. The diets were: 1) a basal diet, 2) a diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg of rosemary, 3) a diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg of rosemary, 4) a diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg of oregano, 5) a diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg of oregano, 6) a combination diet containing 50 mg/kg each of rosemary and oregano, and 7) a combination diet containing 100 mg/kg each of rosemary and oregano. Dietary oregano extract enhanced the growth and feed utilization of heat-stressed birds, especially at a concentration of 50 mg/kg. Moreover, oregano extract improved jejunal protease and amylase activities. The extracts of rosemary and oregano significantly reduced IgG and IgM levels. Dietary 50 mg oregano extract significantly upregulated intestinal integrity-related genes including jejunal CLDNI, ZO-1, ZO-2, and MUC2. Dietary 50 mg oregano extract significantly downregulated hepatic NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) and nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) expressions. Our results suggest that incorporating oregano leaf extract into the diet at a concentration of 50 mg/kg improves the growth performance of broilers exposed to heat stress. This improvement could be attributed to enhanced gut health and the modulation of genes associated with oxidative stress and tight junction proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Madkour
- Animal Production Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.
| | | | - Walid S Habashy
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Al-Behira, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim A Matter
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Shourrap
- Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo 11241, Egypt
| | - Mona A Hemida
- Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima, Cairo 11241, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Elolimy
- Department of Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, 15551, United Arab Emirates; Animal Production Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.
| | - Osama Aboelazab
- Animal Production Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
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Mink S, Reimann P, Fraunberger P. Prognostic value of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies: a systematic review. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:1029-1043. [PMID: 38349073 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-1487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Globally, over 772 million cases of COVID-19 have been reported. New variants of interest with corresponding spikes in case numbers continue to be identified. Vulnerable patients, including older adults or patients with severe comorbidities, continue to be at risk. A large body of evidence has been accumulated regarding anti-SARS-CoV-2-antibodies and COVID-19 but the usefulness of antibody measurements remains unclear. This systematic review aims to assess the prognostic value of anti-SARS-CoV-2-antibodies and their usefulness for guiding booster vaccinations. METHODS Studies in English and published between January 2020 and October 2023 were included. Studies that relied on multiparameter-models or comprised fewer than 100 participants were excluded. PubMed and via the WHO COVID-19 research database, Embase and Medline databases were searched. Study selection and quality assessment was conducted independently by two researchers. RESULTS After screening 1,160 studies, 33 studies comprising >30 million individuals were included. Anti-SARS-CoV-2-antibodies were strongly associated with reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2-infection and better outcomes, including mortality. Risk of infection and COVID-19 severity decreased with increasing antibody levels. CONCLUSIONS Anti-SARS-CoV-2-antibodies are useful for early identification of high-risk patients and timely adjustment of therapy. Protective thresholds may be applied to advise booster vaccinations but verification in separate cohorts is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Mink
- Central Medical Laboratories, Feldkirch, Austria
- Private University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Principality of Liechtenstein
| | - Patrick Reimann
- Private University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Principality of Liechtenstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Peter Fraunberger
- Central Medical Laboratories, Feldkirch, Austria
- Private University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Principality of Liechtenstein
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Liu Q, Zhang W, Wang B, Shi J, He P, Jia L, Huang Y, Xu M, Ma Y, Cheng Q, Lei Z. Effects of Oregano Essential Oil on IgA +, IgG +, and IgM + Cells in the Jejunum of Castrated Holstein Bulls. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3766. [PMID: 38136804 PMCID: PMC10740482 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of oregano essential oil on IgA+, IgG+, and IgM+ cells in the jejunum of castrated Holstein bulls. Twelve castrated Holstein bulls were randomly divided into control (YCK) and oregano essential oil (YEO) groups. Pathological changes in the jejunum were observed by HE staining, and the expression levels of IgA, IgG, and IgM in the jejunum were detected by ELISA. The distributions of IgA+, IgG+, and IgM+ cells in the jejunum were analysed by multiplex immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. The results showed that the jejunal villi were detached in the YCK group, which may have been related to inflammation, while the intestinal epithelium was clear and intact in the YEO group. The expressions of IgA, IgG, and IgM were significantly reduced by 40.75%, 30.76%, and 50.87%. The IgA+, IgG+, and IgM+ cells were diffusely distributed in the lamina propria of the jejunum, and were reduced by 17.07%, 6.44%, and 6.15%, respectively. Oregano essential oil did not alter the distribution characteristics of IgA+, IgG+, or IgM+ cells in the jejunum, but it suppressed inflammatory response, decreased immunoglobulin content, and significantly enhanced the formation of an immune barrier in the gastrointestinal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Q.L.); (J.S.); (P.H.); (L.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.)
| | - Wangdong Zhang
- College of Animal Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.Z.); (B.W.)
| | - Baoshan Wang
- College of Animal Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.Z.); (B.W.)
| | - Jinping Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Q.L.); (J.S.); (P.H.); (L.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.)
| | - Pengjia He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Q.L.); (J.S.); (P.H.); (L.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.)
| | - Li Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Q.L.); (J.S.); (P.H.); (L.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yongliang Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Q.L.); (J.S.); (P.H.); (L.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.)
| | - Meiling Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Q.L.); (J.S.); (P.H.); (L.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yue Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Q.L.); (J.S.); (P.H.); (L.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.)
| | - Qiang Cheng
- Jing Chuan Xu Kang Food Co., Ltd., Pingliang 745000, China;
| | - Zhaomin Lei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Q.L.); (J.S.); (P.H.); (L.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.)
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