1
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Grattoni A, Korbutt G, Tomei AA, García AJ, Pepper AR, Stabler C, Brehm M, Papas K, Citro A, Shirwan H, Millman JR, Melero-Martin J, Graham M, Sefton M, Ma M, Kenyon N, Veiseh O, Desai TA, Nostro MC, Marinac M, Sykes M, Russ HA, Odorico J, Tang Q, Ricordi C, Latres E, Mamrak NE, Giraldo J, Poznansky MC, de Vos P. Harnessing cellular therapeutics for type 1 diabetes mellitus: progress, challenges, and the road ahead. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024:10.1038/s41574-024-01029-0. [PMID: 39227741 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-01029-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a growing global health concern that affects approximately 8.5 million individuals worldwide. T1DM is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells, leading to a disruption in glucose homeostasis. Therapeutic intervention for T1DM requires a complex regimen of glycaemic monitoring and the administration of exogenous insulin to regulate blood glucose levels. Advances in continuous glucose monitoring and algorithm-driven insulin delivery devices have improved the quality of life of patients. Despite this, mimicking islet function and complex physiological feedback remains challenging. Pancreatic islet transplantation represents a potential functional cure for T1DM but is hindered by donor scarcity, variability in harvested cells, aggressive immunosuppressive regimens and suboptimal clinical outcomes. Current research is directed towards generating alternative cell sources, improving transplantation methods, and enhancing cell survival without chronic immunosuppression. This Review maps the progress in cell replacement therapies for T1DM and outlines the remaining challenges and future directions. We explore the state-of-the-art strategies for generating replenishable β cells, cell delivery technologies and local targeted immune modulation. Finally, we highlight relevant animal models and the regulatory aspects for advancing these technologies towards clinical deployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Grattoni
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Gregory Korbutt
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alice A Tomei
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Andrés J García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Andrew R Pepper
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cherie Stabler
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael Brehm
- Program in Molecular Medicine, Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Klearchos Papas
- Department of Surgery, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Antonio Citro
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Haval Shirwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Millman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Juan Melero-Martin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Melanie Graham
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Michael Sefton
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Minglin Ma
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Norma Kenyon
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Omid Veiseh
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tejal A Desai
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Brown University, School of Engineering, Providence, RI, USA
| | - M Cristina Nostro
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Megan Sykes
- Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Holger A Russ
- Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jon Odorico
- UW Health Transplant Center, Madison, WI, USA
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Qizhi Tang
- Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, US
- Gladstone Institute of Genomic Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Camillo Ricordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Esther Latres
- Research Department, Breakthrough T1D, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Jaime Giraldo
- Research Department, Breakthrough T1D, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Mark C Poznansky
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
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2
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Pham JPA, Coronel MM. Unlocking Transplant Tolerance with Biomaterials. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400965. [PMID: 38843866 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
For patients suffering from organ failure due to injury or autoimmune disease, allogeneic organ transplantation with chronic immunosuppression is considered the god standard in terms of clinical treatment. However, the true "holy grail" of transplant immunology is operational tolerance, in which the recipient exhibits a sustained lack of alloreactivity toward unencountered antigen presented by the donor graft. This outcome is resultant from critical changes to the phenotype and genotype of the immune repertoire predicated by the activation of specific signaling pathways responsive to soluble and mechanosensitive cues. Biomaterials have emerged as a medium for interfacing with and reprogramming these endogenous pathways toward tolerance in precise, minimally invasive, and spatiotemporally defined manners. By viewing seminal and contemporary breakthroughs in transplant tolerance induction through the lens of biomaterials-mediated immunomodulation strategies-which include intrinsic material immunogenicity, the depot effect, graft coatings, induction and delivery of tolerogenic immune cells, biomimicry of tolerogenic immune cells, and in situ reprogramming-this review emphasizes the stunning diversity of approaches in the field and spotlights exciting future directions for research to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- John-Paul A Pham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Elizabeth Caswell Diabetes Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - María M Coronel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Elizabeth Caswell Diabetes Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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3
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Jafari N, Afshar A, Zare A, Salehpour A, Hashemi A, Zendehboudi F, Farrar Z, Mahdipour M, Khoradmehr A, Jahanfar F, Mussin NM, Kaliyev AA, Kameli A, Azari H, Nabipour I, Zhilisbayeva KR, Tamadon A. Proliferating and migrating effects of regenerating sea anemone Aulactinia stella cells-derived exosomes on human skin fibroblasts. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38824422 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2352144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Regenerative effects of sea anemone-derived exosomes on human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs) were investigated. Water-based extracts from regenerating Aulactinia stella tissue were collected at various time points, and exosomes were extracted after inducing wounds. Both the extract and exosomes were tested on HFF for proliferation and in vitro wound healing. In silico analysis explored protein-protein docking between regenerative exosome proteins and HFF receptors. The MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide proliferation assay and in vitro wound healing test of aquatic extract showed proliferative effects on HFF cell lines, with the 60 μg/mL concentration significantly enhancing cell migration. Exosomes were characterised. Exosomes showed a significantly positive effect on cell proliferation and migration at the 50 µg/mL concentration 48 h post-wound induction. In silico analysis revealed potential binding affinities between exosome proteins and HFF receptors. In conclusion, optimised concentrations of A. stella-derived exosomes exhibited positive effects on HFF regeneration and migration, suggesting their potential in accelerating wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza Afshar
- Department of Research and Development, Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | | | - Aria Salehpour
- Department of Research and Development, Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Zendehboudi
- Department of Research and Development, Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Zohreh Farrar
- Department of Research and Development, Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Firouzeh Jahanfar
- Department of Research and Development, Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Nadiar M Mussin
- Department of Surgery and Urology No. 2, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Asset A Kaliyev
- Department of Surgery and Urology No. 2, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Ali Kameli
- Department of Research and Development, Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Hossein Azari
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Kulyash R Zhilisbayeva
- Department of Scientific Work, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Amin Tamadon
- PerciaVista R&D Co, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Natural Sciences, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
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4
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Samadi A, Moammeri A, Azimi S, Bustillo-Perez BM, Mohammadi MR. Biomaterial engineering for cell transplantation. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 158:213775. [PMID: 38252986 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The current paradigm of medicine is mostly designed to block or prevent pathological events. Once the disease-led tissue damage occurs, the limited endogenous regeneration may lead to depletion or loss of function for cells in the tissues. Cell therapy is rapidly evolving and influencing the field of medicine, where in some instances attempts to address cell loss in the body. Due to their biological function, engineerability, and their responsiveness to stimuli, cells are ideal candidates for therapeutic applications in many cases. Such promise is yet to be fully obtained as delivery of cells that functionally integrate with the desired tissues upon transplantation is still a topic of scientific research and development. Main known impediments for cell therapy include mechanical insults, cell viability, host's immune response, and lack of required nutrients for the transplanted cells. These challenges could be divided into three different steps: 1) Prior to, 2) during the and 3) after the transplantation procedure. In this review, we attempt to briefly summarize published approaches employing biomaterials to mitigate the above technical challenges. Biomaterials are offering an engineerable platform that could be tuned for different classes of cell transplantation to potentially enhance and lengthen the pharmacodynamics of cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirmasoud Samadi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 6000 Interdisciplinary Science & Engineering Building (ISEB), Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Ali Moammeri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Shamim Azimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Bexi M Bustillo-Perez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - M Rezaa Mohammadi
- Dale E. and Sarah Ann Fowler School of Engineering, Chapman University, Orange, CA 92866, USA.
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5
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Hu W, Wang W, Chen Z, Chen Y, Wang Z. Engineered exosomes and composite biomaterials for tissue regeneration. Theranostics 2024; 14:2099-2126. [PMID: 38505616 PMCID: PMC10945329 DOI: 10.7150/thno.93088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, which are small vesicles enclosed by a lipid bilayer and released by many cell types, are widely dispersed and have garnered increased attention in the field of regenerative medicine due to their ability to serve as indicators of diseases and agents with therapeutic potential. Exosomes play a crucial role in mediating intercellular communication through the transfer of many biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, RNA, and other molecular constituents, between cells. The targeted transport of proteins and nucleic acids to specific cells has the potential to enhance or impair specific biological functions. Exosomes have many applications, and they can be used alone or in combination with other therapeutic approaches. The examination of the unique attributes and many functions of these factors has emerged as a prominent field of study in the realm of biomedical research. This manuscript summarizes the origins and properties of exosomes, including their structural, biological, physical, and chemical aspects. This paper offers a complete examination of recent progress in tissue repair and regenerative medicine, emphasizing the possible implications of these methods in forthcoming tissue regeneration attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Hu
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of the Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Wang Wang
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zesheng Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of the Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune Related Disease, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zijian Wang
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of the Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune Related Disease, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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6
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Madhan S, Dhar R, Devi A. Plant-derived exosomes: a green approach for cancer drug delivery. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:2236-2252. [PMID: 38351750 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02752j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Plant-derived exosomes (PDEs) are natural extracellular vesicles (EVs). In the current decade, they have been highlighted for cancer therapeutic development. Cancer is a global health crisis and it requires an effective, affordable, and less side effect-based treatment. Emerging research based on PDEs suggests that they have immense potential to be considered as a therapeutic option. Research evidences indicate that PDEs' internal molecular cargos show impressive cancer prevention activity with less toxicity. PDEs-based drug delivery systems overcome several limitations of traditional drug delivery tools. Extraction of PDEs from plant sources employ diverse methodologies, encompassing ultracentrifugation, immunoaffinity, size-based isolation, and precipitation, each with distinct advantages and limitations. The core constituents of PDEs comprise of lipids, proteins, DNA, and RNA. Worldwide, a few clinical trials on plant-derived exosomes are underway, and regulatory affairs for their use as therapeutic agents are still not understood with clarity. This review aims to comprehensively analyze the current state of research on plant-derived exosomes as a promising avenue for drug delivery, highlighting anticancer activity, challenges, and future orientation in effective cancer therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrishti Madhan
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District - 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Rajib Dhar
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District - 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Arikketh Devi
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District - 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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7
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Duan K, Liu J, Zhang J, Chu T, Liu H, Lou F, Liu Z, Gao B, Wei S, Wei F. Advancements in innate immune regulation strategies in islet transplantation. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1341314. [PMID: 38288129 PMCID: PMC10823010 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1341314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
As a newly emerging organ transplantation technique, islet transplantation has shown the advantages of minimal trauma and high safety since it was first carried out. The proposal of the Edmonton protocol, which has been widely applied, was a breakthrough in this method. However, direct contact between islets and portal vein blood will cause a robust innate immune response leading to massive apoptosis of the graft, and macrophages play an essential role in the innate immune response. Therefore, therapeutic strategies targeting macrophages in the innate immune response have become a popular research topic in recent years. This paper will summarize and analyze recent research on strategies for regulating innate immunity, primarily focusing on macrophages, in the field of islet transplantation, including drug therapy, optimization of islet preparation process, islet engineering and Mesenchymal stem cells cotransplantation. We also expounded the heterogeneity, plasticity and activation mechanism of macrophages in islet transplantation, providing a theoretical basis for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehang Duan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Tongjia Chu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Fengxiang Lou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ziyu Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Bing Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shixiong Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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8
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Li L, Li J, Guan H, Oishi H, Takahashi S, Zhang C. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in diabetes mellitus and its complications: applications and research advances. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:1492-1507. [PMID: 37790847 PMCID: PMC10542192 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.87472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and its complications pose a major threat to global health and affect the quality of life and life expectancy of patients. Currently, the application of traditional therapeutic drugs for diabetes mellitus has great limitations and can only temporarily control blood glucose but not fundamentally cure it. Mesenchymal stem cells, as pluripotent stromal cells, have multidirectional differentiation potential, high self-renewal, immune regulation, and low immunogenicity, which provide a new idea and possible development direction for diabetes mellitus treatment. Regenerative medicine with mesenchymal stem cells treatment as the core treatment will become another treatment option for diabetes mellitus after traditional treatment. Recently, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells have been widely used in basic and clinical research on diabetes mellitus and its complications because of their abundance, low ethical controversy, low risk of infection, and high proliferation and differentiation ability. This paper reviews the therapeutic role and mechanism of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in diabetes mellitus and its complications and highlights the challenges faced by the clinical application of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to provide a more theoretical basis for the application of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in diabetes mellitus patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Jicui Li
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Haifei Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Hisashi Oishi
- Department of Comparative and Experimental Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate 24 School of Medical Sciences, Aichi 467-8601, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin, P.R. China
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9
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Abbaszadeh S, Nosrati-Siahmazgi V, Musaie K, Rezaei S, Qahremani M, Xiao B, Santos HA, Shahbazi MA. Emerging strategies to bypass transplant rejection via biomaterial-assisted immunoengineering: Insights from islets and beyond. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:115050. [PMID: 37549847 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Novel transplantation techniques are currently under development to preserve the function of impaired tissues or organs. While current technologies can enhance the survival of recipients, they have remained elusive to date due to graft rejection by undesired in vivo immune responses despite systemic prescription of immunosuppressants. The need for life-long immunomodulation and serious adverse effects of current medicines, the development of novel biomaterial-based immunoengineering strategies has attracted much attention lately. Immunomodulatory 3D platforms can alter immune responses locally and/or prevent transplant rejection through the protection of the graft from the attack of immune system. These new approaches aim to overcome the complexity of the long-term administration of systemic immunosuppressants, including the risks of infection, cancer incidence, and systemic toxicity. In addition, they can decrease the effective dose of the delivered drugs via direct delivery at the transplantation site. In this review, we comprehensively address the immune rejection mechanisms, followed by recent developments in biomaterial-based immunoengineering strategies to prolong transplant survival. We also compare the efficacy and safety of these new platforms with conventional agents. Finally, challenges and barriers for the clinical translation of the biomaterial-based immunoengineering transplants and prospects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samin Abbaszadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Vahideh Nosrati-Siahmazgi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Kiyan Musaie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Saman Rezaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qahremani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Bo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715 China.
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands; Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands; W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands.
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10
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Qin T, Smink AM, de Vos P. Enhancing longevity of immunoisolated pancreatic islet grafts by modifying both the intracapsular and extracapsular environment. Acta Biomater 2023:S1742-7061(23)00362-8. [PMID: 37392934 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells. Transplantation of immunoisolated pancreatic islets might treat T1DM in the absence of chronic immunosuppression. Important advances have been made in the past decade as capsules can be produced that provoke minimal to no foreign body response after implantation. However, graft survival is still limited as islet dysfunction may occur due to chronic damage to islets during islet isolation, immune responses induced by inflammatory cells, and nutritional issues for encapsulated cells. This review summarizes the current challenges for promoting longevity of grafts. Possible strategies for improving islet graft longevity are also discussed, including supplementation of the intracapsular milieu with essential survival factors, promotion of vascularization and oxygenation near capsules, modulation of biomaterials, and co-transplantation of accessory cells. Current insight is that both the intracapsular as well as the extracapsular properties should be improved to achieve long-term survival of islet-tissue. Some of these approaches reproducibly induce normoglycemia for more than a year in rodents. Further development of the technology requires collective research efforts in material science, immunology, and endocrinology. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Islet immunoisolation allows for transplantation of insulin producing cells in absence of immunosuppression and might facilitate the use of xenogeneic cell sources or grafting of cells obtained from replenishable cell sources. However, a major challenge to date is to create a microenvironment that supports long-term graft survival. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the currently identified factors that have been demonstrated to be involved in either stimulating or reducing islet graft survival in immunoisolating devices and discussed current strategies to enhance the longevity of encapsulated islet grafts as treatment for type 1 diabetes. Although significant challenges remain, interdisciplinary collaboration across fields may overcome obstacles and facilitate the translation of encapsulated cell therapy from the laboratory to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Qin
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, EA 11, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Alexandra M Smink
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, EA 11, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, EA 11, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
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11
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Wei J, Wang Z, Han T, Chen J, Ou Y, Wei L, Zhu X, Wang K, Yan Z, Han YP, Zheng X. Extracellular vesicle-mediated intercellular and interorgan crosstalk of pancreatic islet in health and diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1170237. [PMID: 37305058 PMCID: PMC10248434 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1170237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a systemic metabolic disease with high mortality and morbidity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a novel class of signaling molecules, biomarkers and therapeutic agents. EVs-mediated intercellular and interorgan crosstalk of pancreatic islets plays a crucial role in the regulation of insulin secretion of β-cells and insulin action in peripheral insulin target tissues, maintaining glucose homeostasis under physiological conditions, and it's also involved in pathological changes including autoimmune response, insulin resistance and β-cell failure associated with DM. In addition, EVs may serve as biomarkers and therapeutic agents that respectively reflect the status and improve function and viability of pancreatic islets. In this review, we provide an overview of EVs, discuss EVs-mediated intercellular and interorgan crosstalk of pancreatic islet under physiological and diabetic conditions, and summarize the emerging applications of EVs in the diagnosis and treatment of DM. A better understanding of EVs-mediated intercellular and interorgan communication of pancreatic islets will broaden and enrich our knowledge of physiological homeostasis maintenance as well as the development, diagnosis and treatment of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlun Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenghao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tingrui Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaoting Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiran Ou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhe Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan-Ping Han
- The Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, The College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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12
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Hogrebe NJ, Ishahak M, Millman JR. Developments in stem cell-derived islet replacement therapy for treating type 1 diabetes. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:530-548. [PMID: 37146579 PMCID: PMC10167558 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The generation of islet-like endocrine clusters from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) has the potential to provide an unlimited source of insulin-producing β cells for the treatment of diabetes. In order for this cell therapy to become widely adopted, highly functional and well-characterized stem cell-derived islets (SC-islets) need to be manufactured at scale. Furthermore, successful SC-islet replacement strategies should prevent significant cell loss immediately following transplantation and avoid long-term immune rejection. This review highlights the most recent advances in the generation and characterization of highly functional SC-islets as well as strategies to ensure graft viability and safety after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel J Hogrebe
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, MSC 8127-057-08, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
| | - Matthew Ishahak
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, MSC 8127-057-08, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Millman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, MSC 8127-057-08, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
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13
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Samadi A, Moammeri A, Pourmadadi M, Abbasi P, Hosseinpour Z, Farokh A, Shamsabadipour A, Heydari M, Mohammadi MR. Cell Encapsulation and 3D Bioprinting for Therapeutic Cell Transplantation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1862-1890. [PMID: 36877212 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
The promise of cell therapy has been augmented by introducing biomaterials, where intricate scaffold shapes are fabricated to accommodate the cells within. In this review, we first discuss cell encapsulation and the promising potential of biomaterials to overcome challenges associated with cell therapy, particularly cellular function and longevity. More specifically, cell therapies in the context of autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer are reviewed from the perspectives of preclinical findings as well as available clinical data. Next, techniques to fabricate cell-biomaterials constructs, focusing on emerging 3D bioprinting technologies, will be reviewed. 3D bioprinting is an advancing field that enables fabricating complex, interconnected, and consistent cell-based constructs capable of scaling up highly reproducible cell-biomaterials platforms with high precision. It is expected that 3D bioprinting devices will expand and become more precise, scalable, and appropriate for clinical manufacturing. Rather than one printer fits all, seeing more application-specific printer types, such as a bioprinter for bone tissue fabrication, which would be different from a bioprinter for skin tissue fabrication, is anticipated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirmasoud Samadi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 6000 Interdisciplinary Science & Engineering Building (ISEB), Irvine, California 92617, United States
| | - Ali Moammeri
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Enghelab Square, 16 Azar Street, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
| | - Mehrab Pourmadadi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Enghelab Square, 16 Azar Street, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
| | - Parisa Abbasi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, Tehran 1458889694, Iran
| | - Zeinab Hosseinpour
- Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol 4714871167, Mazandaran Province, Iran
| | - Arian Farokh
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Enghelab Square, 16 Azar Street, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
| | - Amin Shamsabadipour
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Enghelab Square, 16 Azar Street, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
| | - Maryam Heydari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Kharazmi, Tehran 199389373, Iran
| | - M Rezaa Mohammadi
- Dale E. and Sarah Ann Fowler School of Engineering, Chapman University, Orange, California 92866, United States
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14
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Mechanisms of Foreign Body Giant Cell Formation in Response to Implantable Biomaterials. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051313. [PMID: 36904554 PMCID: PMC10007405 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Long term function of implantable biomaterials are determined by their integration with the host's body. Immune reactions against these implants could impair the function and integration of the implants. Some biomaterial-based implants lead to macrophage fusion and the formation of multinucleated giant cells, also known as foreign body giant cells (FBGCs). FBGCs may compromise the biomaterial performance and may lead to implant rejection and adverse events in some cases. Despite their critical role in response to implants, there is a limited understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in forming FBGCs. Here, we focused on better understanding the steps and mechanisms triggering macrophage fusion and FBGCs formation, specifically in response to biomaterials. These steps included macrophage adhesion to the biomaterial surface, fusion competency, mechanosensing and mechanotransduction-mediated migration, and the final fusion. We also described some of the key biomarkers and biomolecules involved in these steps. Understanding these steps on a molecular level would lead to enhance biomaterials design and improve their function in the context of cell transplantation, tissue engineering, and drug delivery.
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15
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Gangadaran P, Madhyastha H, Madhyastha R, Rajendran RL, Nakajima Y, Watanabe N, Velikkakath AKG, Hong CM, Gopi RV, Muthukalianan GK, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A, Jeyaraman M, Ahn BC. The emerging role of exosomes in innate immunity, diagnosis and therapy. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1085057. [PMID: 36726968 PMCID: PMC9885214 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1085057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, which are nano-sized transport bio-vehicles, play a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis by exchanging genetic or metabolic information between different cells. Exosomes can also play a vital role in transferring virulent factors between the host and parasite, thereby regulating host gene expression and the immune interphase. The association of inflammation with disease development and the potential of exosomes to enhance or mitigate inflammatory pathways support the notion that exosomes have the potential to alter the course of a disease. Clinical trials exploring the role of exosomes in cancer, osteoporosis, and renal, neurological, and pulmonary disorders are currently underway. Notably, the information available on the signatory efficacy of exosomes in immune-related disorders remains elusive and sporadic. In this review, we discuss immune cell-derived exosomes and their application in immunotherapy, including those against autoimmune connective tissue diseases. Further, we have elucidated our views on the major issues in immune-related pathophysiological processes. Therefore, the information presented in this review highlights the role of exosomes as promising strategies and clinical tools for immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Gangadaran
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Harishkumar Madhyastha
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Radha Madhyastha
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuichi Nakajima
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Nozomi Watanabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Anoop Kumar G. Velikkakath
- Center for System Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Chae Moon Hong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Rahul Velikkakath Gopi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration Technologies, Sree Chitra Thirunal Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | | | | | - Madhan Jeyaraman
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Byeong-Cheol Ahn
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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16
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Liu X, Cao R, Xu Y. Acidic hydrolyzed xylo-oligosaccharides bioactivity on the antioxidant and immune activities of macrophage. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112152. [PMID: 36596103 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) prepared by the acetic acid hydrolysis of corncob were adulterated with many impurities including pigments, salts, and monosaccharides. Monosaccharides, acids, and most of the pigment were removed by a combination of decolorization, bipolar membrane electrodialysis and catalysis by Gluconobacter oxydans. These steps retain 90% of XOS in the acidolysis slurry. In this study, the effects of purified-XOS (PXOS) and crude XOS (CXOS) on the antioxidant and immune activities of macrophage were compared to verify the bioactivity of acidic hydrolyzed XOS, mainly focusing on the benefits of the purification process. PXOS was more effective in increasing superoxide dismutase activity and reducing malondialdehyde content, and thus had more potent antioxidant activity. In addition, PXOS could more efficiently promote the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, nitric oxide, and interleukin-1β by macrophage. All these data, suggest that the purification process contributed to improve the immunomodulatory activity of XOS from acidolysis slurry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Rou Cao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Moise S, Dolcetti L, Dazzi F, Roach P, Buttery L, MacNeil S, Medcalf N. Assessing the immunosuppressive activity of alginate-encapsulated mesenchymal stromal cells on splenocytes. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 50:168-176. [PMID: 35726746 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2022.2088547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) show immunosuppressive effects both via cell-to-cell contact (direct) with immune cells and by producing paracrine factors and extracellular vesicles (indirect). A key challenge in delivering this therapeutic effect in vivo is retaining the MSCs at the site of injection. One way to address this is by encapsulating the MSCs within suitable biomaterial scaffolds. Here, we assess the immunosuppressive effect of alginate-encapsulated murine MSCs on proliferating murine splenocytes. Our results show that MSCs are able to significantly suppress splenocyte proliferation by ∼50% via the indirect mechanism and almost completely (∼98%) via the direct mechanism. We also show for the first time that MSCs as monolayers on tissue culture plastic or encapsulated within alginate, when physically isolated from the splenocytes via transwells, are able to sustain immunosuppressive activity with repeated exposure to fresh splenocytes, for as long as 9 days. These results indicate the need to identify design strategies to simultaneously deliver both modes of MSC immunosuppression. By designing cell-biomaterial constructs with tailored degradation profiles, we can achieve a more sustained (avoiding MSCs migration and apoptosis) and controlled release of both the paracrine signals and eventually the cells themselves enabling efficient MSC-based immunosuppressive therapies for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Moise
- Centre for Integrated Bioprocessing Research (CIBR), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- Centre for Therapeutic Innovation (CTI), University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Luigi Dolcetti
- Department of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Francesco Dazzi
- Department of Haematological malignancies and stem cell transplant, Kings College hospital NHS trust, London, UK
| | - Paul Roach
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Lee Buttery
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sheila MacNeil
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Nick Medcalf
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough, UK
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18
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Challenges with Cell-based Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 19:601-624. [PMID: 36434300 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10482-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic, lifelong metabolic disease. It is characterised by the autoimmune-mediated loss of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells in the islets of Langerhans (β-islets), resulting in disrupted glucose homeostasis. Administration of exogenous insulin is the most common management method for T1D, but this requires lifelong reliance on insulin injections and invasive blood glucose monitoring. Replacement therapies with beta cells are being developed as an advanced curative treatment for T1D. Unfortunately, this approach is limited by the lack of donated pancreatic tissue, the difficulties in beta cell isolation and viability maintenance, the longevity of the transplanted cells in vivo, and consequently high costs. Emerging approaches to address these limitations are under intensive investigations, including the production of insulin-producing beta cells from various stem cells, and the development of bioengineered devices including nanotechnologies for improving islet transplantation efficacy without the need for recipients taking toxic anti-rejection drugs. These emerging approaches present promising prospects, while the challenges with the new techniques need to be tackled for ultimately clinical treatment of T1D. This review discussed the benefits and limitations of the cell-based therapies for beta cell replacement as potential curative treatment for T1D, and the applications of bioengineered devices including nanotechnology to overcome the challenges associated with beta cell transplantation.
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Zhong JX, Raghavan P, Desai TA. Harnessing Biomaterials for Immunomodulatory-Driven Tissue Engineering. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 9:224-239. [PMID: 37333620 PMCID: PMC10272262 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-022-00279-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The immune system plays a crucial role during tissue repair and wound healing processes. Biomaterials have been leveraged to assist in this in situ tissue regeneration process to dampen the foreign body response by evading or suppressing the immune system. An emerging paradigm within regenerative medicine is to use biomaterials to influence the immune system and create a pro-reparative microenvironment to instigate endogenously driven tissue repair. In this review, we discuss recent studies that focus on immunomodulation of innate and adaptive immune cells for tissue engineering applications through four biomaterial-based mechanisms of action: biophysical cues, chemical modifications, drug delivery, and sequestration. These materials enable augmented regeneration in various contexts, including vascularization, bone repair, wound healing, and autoimmune regulation. While further understanding of immune-material interactions is needed to design the next generation of immunomodulatory biomaterials, these materials have already demonstrated great promise for regenerative medicine. Lay Summary The immune system plays an important role in tissue repair. Many biomaterial strategies have been used to promote tissue repair, and recent work in this area has looked into the possibility of doing repair by tuning. Thus, we examined the literature for recent works showcasing the efficacy of these approaches in animal models of injuries. In these studies, we found that biomaterials successfully tuned the immune response and improved the repair of various tissues. This highlights the promise of immune-modulating material strategies to improve tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin X. Zhong
- UC Berkeley – UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Preethi Raghavan
- UC Berkeley – UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Tejal A. Desai
- UC Berkeley – UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA
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20
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Extracellular vesicle-mediated immunoregulation in cancer. Int J Hematol 2022; 117:640-646. [PMID: 35951282 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-022-03436-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as immunomodulatory regulators during tumor progression. These small vesicles encapsulate a variety of molecules, including DNA, RNA, and proteins. When EVs come in contact with recipient cells, the EVs transmit various physiological characteristics; for example, proteins on the surface of EVs act as ligands. Immune checkpoint blockade targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) has shown promise in a subset of cancer patients. PD-L1 on EVs acts as a key immunomodulator. Suppression of EV secretion enhances the efficacy of immunotherapy using immune checkpoint blockade antibodies. In addition to immune checkpoint blockade therapy, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has also been used to successfully eliminate cancer cells. Interestingly, CAR-T-cell-derived EVs express CAR on their surface. Compared with CAR-T cells, CAR-expressing EVs do not express PD1, so their antitumor effect cannot be weakened. In this review, we describe the current understanding of EVs in cancer immunity and summarize their crucial roles in immunomodulation.
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21
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Jujuboside A inhibits oxidative stress damage and enhances immunomodulatory capacity of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells through up-regulating IDO expression. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:494-505. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(22)60176-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Abstract
The successful transplantation of stem cells has the potential to transform regenerative medicine approaches and open promising avenues to repair, replace, and regenerate diseased, damaged, or aged tissues. However, pre-/post-transplantation issues of poor cell survival, retention, cell fate regulation, and insufficient integration with host tissues constitute significant challenges. The success of stem cell transplantation depends upon the coordinated sequence of stem cell renewal, specific lineage differentiation, assembly, and maintenance of long-term function. Advances in biomaterials can improve pre-/post-transplantation outcomes by integrating biophysiochemical cues and emulating tissue microenvironments. This review highlights leading biomaterials-based approaches for enhancing stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhushan N Kharbikar
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Priya Mohindra
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Tejal A Desai
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
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Soltani S, Mansouri K, Emami Aleagha MS, Moasefi N, Yavari N, Shakouri SK, Notararigo S, Shojaeian A, Pociot F, Yarani R. Extracellular Vesicle Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:865782. [PMID: 35464488 PMCID: PMC9024141 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.865782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic disorder characterized by immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic insulin-producing β-cells. The primary treatment for T1D is multiple daily insulin injections to control blood sugar levels. Cell-free delivery packets with therapeutic properties, extracellular vesicles (EVs), mainly from stem cells, have recently gained considerable attention for disease treatments. EVs provide a great potential to treat T1D ascribed to their regenerative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. Here, we summarize the latest EV applications for T1D treatment and highlight opportunities for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setareh Soltani
- Clinical Research Development Center, Taleghani and Imam Ali Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kamran Mansouri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sajad Emami Aleagha
- Medical Technology Research Center (MTRC), School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Narges Moasefi
- Medical Technology Research Center (MTRC), School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Niloofar Yavari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Panum Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Seyed Kazem Shakouri
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Notararigo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ali Shojaeian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Flemming Pociot
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical, Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Reza Yarani
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical, Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Interventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Reza Yarani, ;
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Extracellular Vesicles in Type 1 Diabetes: A Versatile Tool. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9030105. [PMID: 35324794 PMCID: PMC8945706 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9030105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting nearly 35 million people. This disease develops as T-cells continually attack the β-cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, which leads to β-cell death, and steadily decreasing secretion of insulin. Lowered levels of insulin minimize the uptake of glucose into cells, thus putting the body in a hyperglycemic state. Despite significant progress in the understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease, there is a need for novel developments in the diagnostics and management of type 1 diabetes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-bound nanoparticles that contain diverse content from their cell of origin and can be used as a biomarker for both the onset of diabetes and transplantation rejection. Furthermore, vesicles can be loaded with therapeutic cargo and delivered in conjunction with a transplant to increase cell survival and long-term outcomes. Crucially, several studies have linked EVs and their cargos to the progression of type 1 diabetes. As a result, gaining a better understanding of EVs would help researchers better comprehend the utility of EVs in regulating and understanding type 1 diabetes. EVs are a composition of biologically active components such as nucleic acids, proteins, metabolites, and lipids that can be transported to particular cells/tissues through the blood system. Through their varied content, EVs can serve as a flexible aid in the diagnosis and management of type 1 diabetes. In this review, we provide an overview of existing knowledge about EVs. We also cover the role of EVs in the pathogenesis, detection, and treatment of type 1 diabetes and the function of EVs in pancreas and islet β-cell transplantation.
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