1
|
Mamada M, Yada S, Hayakawa M, Uchida R, Katagiri H, Hatakeyama T, Adachi C. Donor-only substituted benzene achieves thermally activated delayed fluorescence. Commun Chem 2024; 7:212. [PMID: 39294436 PMCID: PMC11410811 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01301-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) is a promising mechanism for harvesting triplet excitons in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The donor-acceptor (D-A) design is the most conventional strategy for developing efficient TADF emitters. A subsequently emerged approach, known as the multiple resonance (MR) effect, also employs electron-donating and electron-withdrawing functional groups. Thus, developing TADF materials has traditionally relied on ingenuity in selecting and combining two functional units. Here, we have realized a TADF molecule by utilizing only a carbazole donor moiety. This molecule is an unusual example in the family of TADF materials and offers better insight into the electronic structures in the excited states for luminescent materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Mamada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Sawako Yada
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hayakawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ryota Uchida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katagiri
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Takuji Hatakeyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fujii S, Seko S, Tanaka T, Yoshihara Y, Furukawa S, Nishino T, Saito M. Charge Transport through Single-Molecule Junctions with σ-Delocalized Systems. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:19566-19571. [PMID: 38957924 PMCID: PMC11258778 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Single-molecule junctions, formed by a single molecule bridging a gap between two metal electrodes, are attracting attention as basic models of ultrasmall electronic devices. Although charge transport through π-conjugated molecules with π-delocalized system has been widely studied for a number of molecular junctions, there has been almost no research on charge transport through molecular junctions with a σ-delocalized orbital system. Compounds with hexa-selenium-substituted benzene form a σ-delocalized orbital system on the periphery of the benzene ring. In this study, we fabricated single-molecule junctions with the σ-delocalized orbital systems arising from lone-pair interactions of selenium atoms and clarified their electronic properties using the break-junction method. The single-molecule junctions with the σ-orbital systems show efficient charge transport properties and can be one of the alternatives to those with conventional π-orbital systems as minute electronic conductors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Fujii
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute
of Technology, 2-12-1
W4-10 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Saya Seko
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama-city, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Taichi Tanaka
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama-city, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshihara
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute
of Technology, 2-12-1
W4-10 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Furukawa
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama-city, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Nishino
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute
of Technology, 2-12-1
W4-10 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Masaichi Saito
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama-city, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Madushani B, Mamada M, Goushi K, Katagiri H, Nakanotani H, Hatakeyama T, Adachi C. Hexacarbazolylbenzene: An Excellent Host Molecule Causing Strong Guest Molecular Orientation and the High-Performance OLEDs. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2402275. [PMID: 38865445 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Hexacarbazolylbenzene (6CzPh), which is benzene substituted by six carbazole rings, is a simple and attractive compound. Despite the success of a wide variety of carbazole derivatives in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), 6CzPh has not received attention so far. Here, excellent performances of 6CzPh are revealed as a host material in OLEDs regarding conventional host materials. Various strategies are implemented to improve the performance of OLEDs, e.g., triplet utilization by thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and phosphorescence emitters for maximizing internal quantum efficiency, and molecular orientation control for increasing outcoupling efficiency. The present host material is suited for both criteria. Robustness of the structure and sufficiently high triplet energy enables a high external quantum efficiency with a long device lifetime. Besides, the host material boosts the horizontal molecular orientations of several guest emitters. It is noteworthy that disk-shaped 4CzIPN marks the complete horizontal molecular orientations (Θh = 100%, S = -0.50). These results provide an effective way of improving efficiencies without sacrificing device durability for future OLEDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhagya Madushani
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masashi Mamada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kenichi Goushi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katagiri
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Hajime Nakanotani
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takuji Hatakeyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xue S, Tkachenko NV, Wu F, Lv X, Liu N, Muñoz-Castro A, Ueno S, Matsuo K, Kuzuhara D, Aratani N, Shen Z, Yamada H, Boldyrev AI, Qiu F. Conflicting Aromaticity in Trirhodium(I) Rosarin. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:11494-11500. [PMID: 38838269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Aromaticity is one of the most important and widely used concepts in chemistry. Among the various experimentally discovered and theoretically predicted compounds that possess different types of aromaticity, conflicting aromaticity, where aromatic and antiaromatic electron delocalization is present in one molecule simultaneously, remains one of the most controversial and elusive concepts, although theoretically predicted 15 years ago. In this work, we synthesized a novel conflicting aromatic trirhodium complex that contains a σ-aromatic metal fragment surrounded by the π-antiaromatic organic ligand and characterized it by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and X-ray single crystal structure analysis. Experimental characterization and quantum chemical calculations confirm the unique conflicting aromaticity of the synthesized trirhodium molecule. Thus, this novel conflicting aromatic molecule expands the family of aromatic compounds. This discovery will enable researchers to develop and understand the phenomena of conflicting aromaticity in chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Nikolay V Tkachenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Fan Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaojuan Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ningchao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Bellavista 7, Santiago 8420524, Chile
| | - So Ueno
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kyohei Matsuo
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Daiki Kuzuhara
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka 020-8551, Japan
| | - Naoki Aratani
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Zhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Alexander I Boldyrev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Fengxian Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Poater J, Escayola S, Poater A, Teixidor F, Ottosson H, Viñas C, Solà M. Single─Not Double─3D-Aromaticity in an Oxidized Closo Icosahedral Dodecaiodo-Dodecaborate Cluster. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22527-22538. [PMID: 37728951 PMCID: PMC10591335 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
3D-aromatic molecules with (distorted) tetrahedral, octahedral, or spherical structures are much less common than typical 2D-aromatic species or even 2D-aromatic-in-3D systems. Closo boranes, [BnHn]2- (5 ≤ n ≤ 14) and carboranes are examples of compounds that are singly 3D-aromatic, and we now explore if there are species that are doubly 3D-aromatic. The most widely known example of a species with double 2D-aromaticity is the hexaiodobenzene dication, [C6I6]2+. This species shows π-aromaticity in the benzene ring and σ-aromaticity in the outer ring formed by the iodine substituents. Inspired by the hexaiodobenzene dication example, in this work, we explore the potential for double 3D-aromaticity in [B12I12]0/2+. Our results based on magnetic and electronic descriptors of aromaticity together with 11B{1H} NMR experimental spectra of boron-iodinated o-carboranes suggest that these two oxidized forms of a closo icosahedral dodecaiodo-dodecaborate cluster, [B12I12] and [B12I12]2+, behave as doubly 3D-aromatic compounds. However, an evaluation of the energetic contribution of the potential double 3D-aromaticity through homodesmotic reactions shows that delocalization in the I12 shell, in contrast to the 10σ-electron I62+ ring in the hexaiodobenzene dication, does not contribute to any stabilization of the system. Therefore, the [B12I12]0/2+ species cannot be considered as doubly 3D-aromatic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Poater
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica & IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís
Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Escayola
- Departament
de Química, Institut de Química
Computacional i Catàlisi, Universitat de Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany,
69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia Spain
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Euskadi Spain
| | - Albert Poater
- Departament
de Química, Institut de Química
Computacional i Catàlisi, Universitat de Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany,
69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Francesc Teixidor
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Henrik Ottosson
- Department
of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751
20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Clara Viñas
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Miquel Solà
- Departament
de Química, Institut de Química
Computacional i Catàlisi, Universitat de Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany,
69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kalita AJ, Gohain N, Bordoloi A, Guha AK. Planar pentacoordinate carbon in a 16-electron neutral CCu 2Be 3H 4 cluster. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 37486198 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00758h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Planar hypercoordination in carbon is a fascinating area, which departs from the usual view of coordination geometry in carbon. Herein, we propose a planar pentacoordinate carbon species in the global minimum of the CCu2Be3H4 cluster. The cluster is a 16-electron species that is thermodynamically and kinetically very stable. Bonding analyses reveal 2π/6σ double aromaticity in the cluster. A low-energy isomerization pathway also reveals that the cluster has a sufficient lifetime for its experimental detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amlan J Kalita
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, 781001, India.
| | - Namrata Gohain
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, 781001, India.
| | - Abhik Bordoloi
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, 781001, India.
| | - Ankur K Guha
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, 781001, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Takase M, Takata T, Oki K, Mori S, Uno H. Substituent effects on paratropicity and diatropicity in π-extended hexapyrrolohexaazacoronene. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7036-7043. [PMID: 37389264 PMCID: PMC10306074 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc07037e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Research into the application of antiaromatic compounds as molecular materials is an attractive strategy in the development of electronic materials. Antiaromatic compounds have traditionally been considered to be unstable, and thus, the creation of stable antiaromatic compounds has been sought in the field of organic chemistry. Recently, some studies have been reported on the synthesis, isolation, and elucidation of the physical properties of compounds with stability and definitive antiaromatic properties. In general, antiaromatic compounds are considered to be more susceptible to substituents due to their inherently narrow HOMO-LUMO gap compared to aromatic compounds. However, there have been no studies examining substituent effects in antiaromatic compounds. In this study, we have developed a synthetic method to introduce various substituents into π-extended hexapyrrolohexaazacoronene (homoHPHAC+), one of the stable and clearly antiaromatic compounds, and investigated the substituent effects on the optical, redox, and geometrical properties and paratropicity of a series of compounds. In addition, the properties of the two-electron oxidized form, homoHPHAC3+, were investigated. Control of electronic properties by introducing substituents into antiaromatic compounds provides a new design guideline for molecular materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Takase
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
- Research Unit on Molecular Materials Science for Toroidal π-Electron Systems, Ehime University Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Toranosuke Takata
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Kosuke Oki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Research Unit on Molecular Materials Science for Toroidal π-Electron Systems, Ehime University Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
- Advanced Research Support Center (ADRES), Ehime University Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Hidemitsu Uno
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Catenazzi M, Nitti A, Boiocchi M, Bianchi G, Po R, Pasini D. Supramolecular Weaving by Halogen-Bonding in Functionality-Rich Hexasubstituted Aromatic Synthons. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1678. [PMID: 36837309 PMCID: PMC9967865 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hexasubstituted benzenes are interesting platforms for the generation of functional materials, whose applications span from supramolecular recognition to organic electronics. Their synthesis is difficult to achieve by controlling multiple substitution steps of all hydrogen atoms on the aromatic benzene skeleton, so, often, cycloaddition reactions from disubsituted alkynes are used. In this work, we report a novel, straightforward route to C3-symmetrical hexasubstituted aromatic synthons with a diverse and rich pattern of functionalities, and we report about their packing mode in the crystals, in which, unprecedentedly, directional, strong halogen bonding interactions are capable of forming bidimensional supramolecular weaving.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Catenazzi
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM Research Unit, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Nitti
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM Research Unit, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Massimo Boiocchi
- Centro Grandi Strumenti, University of Pavia, Via Bassi 21, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bianchi
- New Energies, Renewable Energies and Material Science Research Center, Eni SpA, Via Fauser 4, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Po
- New Energies, Renewable Energies and Material Science Research Center, Eni SpA, Via Fauser 4, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Dario Pasini
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM Research Unit, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bigi F, Cauzzi D, Della Ca’ N, Malacria M, Maggi R, Motti E, Wang Y, Maestri G. Evolution of Triangular All-Metal Aromatic Complexes from Bonding Quandaries to Powerful Catalytic Platforms. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2022; 2:373-385. [PMID: 36855666 PMCID: PMC9955218 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.2c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript describes an overview on the literature detailing the observation of trinuclear complexes that present delocalized metal-metal bonds similar to those of regular aromatics, which are formed combining main group elements. A particular emphasis is given to the structural and electronic features of aromatic clusters that are sufficiently stable to allow their isolation. In parallel to the description of their key bonding properties, the work presents reported catalytic applications of these complexes, which already span from elaborated C-C-forming cascades to highly efficient cross-coupling methods. These examples present peculiar aspects of the unique reactivity exerted by all-metal aromatic complexes, which can often be superior to their established, popular mononuclear peers in terms of chemoselectivity and chemical robustness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franca Bigi
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy,IMEM-CNR, Parco Area
delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Cauzzi
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Nicola Della Ca’
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Max Malacria
- Faculty
of Science and Engineering, IPCM, UMR CNRS 8232, Sorbonne Université, 4 place Jussieu, Paris 75252 Cedex 05, France
| | - Raimondo Maggi
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Motti
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Yanlan Wang
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng
University, 252059 Liaocheng, China
| | - Giovanni Maestri
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Osman Abdelkarim OI, Asiri AM. NBO Technique as a Descriptor of Aromaticity. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
11
|
Shelar DS, Malankar GS, M. M, Patra M, Butcher RJ, Manjare ST. Selective detection of hypochlorous acid in living cervical cancer cells with an organoselenium-based BOPPY probe. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02956a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and crystal structure of the first selenium-containing BOPPY probe. The probe is selective for exogenous and endogenous HOCl detection in HeLa cells with a “turn-on” fluorescence response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divyesh S. Shelar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, 400098, India
| | - Gauri S. Malankar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, 400098, India
| | - Manikandan M.
- Department of Chemical Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - Malay Patra
- Department of Chemical Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | | | - Sudesh T. Manjare
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, 400098, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tkachenko NV, Muñoz-Castro A, Boldyrev AI. Occurrence of Double Bond in π-Aromatic Rings: An Easy Way to Design Doubly Aromatic Carbon-Metal Structures. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237232. [PMID: 34885812 PMCID: PMC8659221 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A chemical bonding of several metallabenzenes and metallabenzynes was studied via an adaptive natural density partitioning (AdNDP) algorithm and the induced magnetic field analysis. A unique chemical bonding pattern was discovered where the M=C (M: Os, Re) double bond coexists with the delocalized 6c-2e π-bonding elements responsible for aromatic properties of the investigated complexes. In opposition to the previous description where 8 delocalized π-electrons were reported in metallabenzenes and metallabenzynes, we showed that only six delocalized π-electrons are present in those molecules. Thus, there is no deviation from Hückel's aromaticity rule for metallabenzynes/metallabenzenes complexes. Based on the discovered bonding pattern, we propose two thermodynamically stable novel molecules that possess not only π-delocalization but also retain six σ-delocalized electrons, rendering them as doubly aromatic species. As a result, our investigation gives a new direction for the search for carbon-metal doubly aromatic molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay V. Tkachenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-0300, USA;
- Grupo de Química Inorgánica y Materiales Moleculares, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, El Llano Subercaseaux, Santiago 2801, Chile;
| | - Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Grupo de Química Inorgánica y Materiales Moleculares, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, El Llano Subercaseaux, Santiago 2801, Chile;
| | - Alexander I. Boldyrev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-0300, USA;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bigi F, Cera G, Maggi R, Wang Y, Malacria M, Maestri G. Is Aromaticity a Driving Force in Catalytic Cycles? A Case from the Cycloisomerization of Enynes Catalyzed by All-Metal Aromatic Pd 3+ Clusters and Carboxylic Acids. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:10035-10043. [PMID: 34784222 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c07253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The work details a mechanistic study based on density functional theory modeling on the cycloisomerization of polyunsaturated substrates catalyzed by all-metal aromatic tripalladium complexes and carboxylic acids. These clusters are an emerging class of catalysts for a variety of relevant transformations, including C-C forming processes that occur under mild conditions and display synthetic features complementary to those of established mononuclear complexes. This study is the first computational one devoted to the comprehension of the series of elementary steps involved in a synthetic transformation catalyzed by an all-metal aromatic complex. Present results confirm previous experimental hints on the striking mechanistic differences exerted by these clusters with respect to the usual cyclization pathways of related substrates. Moreover, the catalytic cycle involving present all-metal aromatic clusters closely parallels the mechanism of the aromatic substitution of regular arenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franca Bigi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.,IMEM-CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Gianpiero Cera
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Raimondo Maggi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Yanlan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, 252059 Liaocheng, China
| | - Max Malacria
- Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Science and Engineering, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (UMR CNRS 8232), 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Giovanni Maestri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
On the Aromaticity and 13C-NMR Pattern of Pentagonal-Pyramidal Hexamethylbenzene Dication [C6(CH3)6]2+: A {C5(CH3)5}−–{CCH3}3+ Aggregate. CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry3040097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The experimentally characterized hexamethylbenzene dication C6(CH3)62+ shows a pentagonal-pyramidal structure involving a carbon-capped five-membered ring. The structural characterization of this hypercoordination (or hypervalency) gives rise if the aromatic behavior remains in the resulting pentagon ring. Here, we investigated the induced magnetic field of C6(CH3)62+ to gain a deeper understanding of the resulting non-classical structural situation in a representative pentagonal-pyramidal structure. Our results support the view of a C5(CH3)5−/CCH33+ structure, depicting a π-aromatic pentamethylcyclopentadienyl anion with a 6π-electron kernel, with a capped carbon which does not decrease the characteristic shielding cone property of the aromatic ring. Hence, carbon-capped rings are suggested to retain the aromatic behavior from the former aromatic ring. We expect that the analysis of both the overall magnetic response and NMR chemical shifts may be informative to unravel the characteristic patterns in the formation of hypervalent carbon atoms involving non-classical chemical environments.
Collapse
|
15
|
Kimura T, Nakahodo T, Suzuki E, Nakanishi Y, Misaki Y, Ogawa S. Preparation, Structure Determination, and Electrochemical Properties of 4,5‐Dialkylbenzo[1,2‐
d
:4,5‐
d’
]bis[1,2,3]triselenoles and Their Singlet and Triplet‐State Dications. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kimura
- Center for Instrumental Analysis Iwate University Morioka 020-8551 Japan
| | - Tsukasa Nakahodo
- Department of Applied Chemistry Kindai University Higashi Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Eiichi Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences Faculty of Science and Engineering Iwate University Morioka 020-8551 Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nakanishi
- Department of Physical Science and Materials Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Iwate University Morioka 020-8551 Japan
| | - Yohji Misaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Engineering Ehime University Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Satoshi Ogawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences Faculty of Science and Engineering Iwate University Morioka 020-8551 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fowler PW, Havenith RWA. Periodoannulenes: A Generalized Annulene-within-an-Annulene Paradigm for Combined σ and π Ring Currents. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:6374-6383. [PMID: 34279938 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c03170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Periodoannulene molecules and ions CxIxq in planar geometry offer examples of systems with the potential for outer σ and inner π ring-current double aromaticity, given a sufficient overlap of tangential pσ-orbital manifolds on the large atoms of the outer cycle. Previous theoretical work indicated concentric diatropic currents in the dication C6I62+. Ab initio ipsocentric calculations support an account in terms of frontier-orbital selection rules for current contributions in C6I62+ (and radical C6I6+, implicated in recent experimental work on the oxidation of periodobenzene). A σ/π analogue of the annulene-within-an-annulene model is applied here to periodo systems based on cyclooctatetraene. Model species C8I8q with charges q = 0, +1, +2, +4, -2 and structures constrained to a planar D4h symmetry exhibit maps with all combinations of σ/π con- and counter-rotation, comprising global σ ring currents on the iodine perimeter and central π ring currents on the carbocycle. All can be rationalized by the separate application of the tropicity selection rules to the two subsystems, whether in singlet or triplet states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W Fowler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Remco W A Havenith
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,Ghent Quantum Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S3), B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kurian J, Shurooque KS, Ramkumar V, Chakkumkumarath L, Kannoth M M. Delocalization Effects and Tunable Emission in a Class of Charged Cyclazines with Nitrogen on the Periphery. Org Lett 2021; 23:3354-3358. [PMID: 33904737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new class of cyclazine analogues with periphery reminiscent of an aza[10]annulene framework, tethered internally by an sp3 carbon, is presented. In depth structure analysis based on NMR and X-ray diffraction data gave a deeper insight into the effect of electron delocalization on their structure and properties. A characteristic change in chemical shift positions suggested an aromatic ring current in these systems. Attractive emission properties in solid and solution states involving charge transfer is another highlight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jais Kurian
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Kanneth S Shurooque
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kerala 673 601, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Camani PH, Souza AG, Barbosa RFS, Zanini NC, Mulinari DR, Rosa DS. Comprehensive insight into surfactant modified-PBAT physico-chemical and biodegradability properties. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 269:128708. [PMID: 33168282 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to prepare surfactant modified-PBAT (poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)) sheets with superior properties to increase the PBAT applicability and be a possible solution for plastic disposal environmental problems. Three different surfactant contents (0, 1, 5, and 10 wt%) were investigated, and their effects on PBAT chemical structure, mechanical and morphological properties, wettability, and water absorption were investigated. Modified-PBAT samples showed high hydrogen bond coefficients (0.57) than the pristine PBAT (0.54), indicating an excellent electrostatic interaction between both components and the formation of a rigid hydrogen-bonded network, as confirmed by mechanical tests, where the elastic modulus values for PBAT and PBAT+10% surfactant were 44 and 60 MPa. SEM images and roughness measurements showed changes in PBAT morphology after surfactant addition, improving the roughness and wettability by the voids and polar groups presence, altering the water absorption (WA) behavior. The higher water affinity resulted in high water absorption for PBAT-10%S (17%) compared to the pristine PBAT (2%), which improves hydrolysis tendency, which is the initial step to biodegradation. Biodegradation results indicated that the roughness and WA behavior influenced the biodegradation rate, facilitating hydrolysis and microbial attack, and accelerating modified samples weight loss. Our results suggested developing a material with superior mechanical properties, mainly for PBAT-10%S, that can be applied in several applications, such as packaging and furniture. After discharge, it is not an environmental problem, being a biodegradable material with a green character.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo H Camani
- Center for Engineering, Modeling, and Applied Social Sciences (CECS), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Brazil
| | - Alana G Souza
- Center for Engineering, Modeling, and Applied Social Sciences (CECS), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Brazil
| | - Rennan F S Barbosa
- Center for Engineering, Modeling, and Applied Social Sciences (CECS), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Brazil
| | - Noelle C Zanini
- Department of Mechanic and Energy, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Resende, CEP 27537-000, Brazil
| | - Daniella R Mulinari
- Department of Mechanic and Energy, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Resende, CEP 27537-000, Brazil
| | - Derval S Rosa
- Center for Engineering, Modeling, and Applied Social Sciences (CECS), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Malankar GS, Sakunthala A, Navalkar A, Maji SK, Raju S, Manjare ST. Organoselenium-based BOPHY as a sensor for detection of hypochlorous acid in mammalian cells. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1150:338205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
20
|
Abstract
Dissociation pathways of the global minimum geometry of Si2C5H2 with a planar tetracoordinate carbon (ptC) atom, 2,7-disilatricyclo[4.1.0.01,3]hept-2,4,6-trien-2,7-diyl (1), have been theoretically investigated using density functional theory and coupled-cluster (CC) methods. Dissociation of Si-C bond connected to the ptC atom leads to the formation of 4,7-disilabicyclo[4.1.0]hept-1(6),4(5)-dien-2-yn-7-ylidene (4) through a single transition state. Dissociation of C-C bond connected to the ptC atom leads to an intermediate with two identical transition states and leads back to 1 itself. Simultaneous breaking of both Si-C and C-C bonds leads to an acyclic transition state, which forms an acyclic product, cis-1,7-disilahept-1,2,3,5,6-pentaen-1,7-diylidene (19). Overall, two different products, four transition states, and an intermediate have been identified at the B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,2p) level of theory. Intrinsic reaction coordinate calculations have also been done at the latter level to confirm the isomerization pathways. CC calculations have been done at the CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ level of theory for all minima. Importantly, all reaction profiles for 1 are found be endothermic in Si2C5H2. These results are in stark contrast compared to the structurally similar and isovalent lowest-energy isomer of C7H2 with a ptC atom as the overall reaction profiles there have been found to be exothermic. The activation energies for Si-C, C-C, and Si-C/C-C breaking are found to be 30.51, 64.05, and 61.85 kcal mol−1, respectively. Thus, it is emphasized here that 1 is a kinetically stable molecule. However, it remains elusive in the laboratory to date. Therefore, energetic and spectroscopic parameters have been documented here, which may be of relevance to molecular spectroscopists in identifying this key anti-van’t-Hoff-Le Bel molecule.
Collapse
|
21
|
Kalita AJ, Rohman SS, Kashyap C, Ullah SS, Baruah I, Guha AK. Planar Pentacoordinate Nitrogen in a Pseudo-Double-Aromatic NBe 5H 4+ Cluster. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:17880-17883. [PMID: 33300785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High-level quantum-chemical calculations have been used to predict a cationic ternary NBe5H4+ cluster containing a planar pentacoordinate nitrogen atom. The proposed cluster has pseudo dual aromaticity and is kinetically and thermodynamically very stable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amlan J Kalita
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India
| | - Shahnaz S Rohman
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India
| | - Chayanika Kashyap
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India
| | - Sabnam S Ullah
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India
| | - Indrani Baruah
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India
| | - Ankur K Guha
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kulichenko M, Fedik N, Monfredini A, Muñoz-Castro A, Balestri D, Boldyrev AI, Maestri G. "Bottled" spiro-doubly aromatic trinuclear [Pd 2Ru] + complexes. Chem Sci 2020; 12:477-486. [PMID: 34163610 PMCID: PMC8178750 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04469e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Following an ongoing interest in the study of transition metal complexes with exotic bonding networks, we report herein the synthesis of a family of heterobimetallic triangular clusters involving Ru and Pd atoms. These are the first examples of trinuclear complexes combining these nuclei. Structural and bonding analyses revealed both analogies and unexpected differences for these [Pd2Ru]+ complexes compared to their parent [Pd3]+ peers. Noticeably, participation of the Ru atom in the π-aromaticity of the coordinated benzene ring makes the synthesized compound the second reported example of ‘bottled’ double aromaticity. This can also be referred to as spiroaromaticity due to the participation of Ru in two aromatic systems at a time. Moreover, the [Pd2Ru]+ kernel exhibits unprecedented orbital overlap of Ru dz2 AO and two Pd dxy or dx2−y2 AOs. The present findings reveal the possibility of synthesizing stable clusters with delocalized metal–metal bonding from the combination of non-adjacent elements of the periodic table which has not been reported previously. Synthesis of a triangular [Pd2Ru]+ complex with delocalized metal–metal bonding between non-adjacent elements of the periodic table, double aromaticity and overlap of d-AOs with different angular momentum.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maksim Kulichenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University Logan UT 84322 USA
| | - Nikita Fedik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University Logan UT 84322 USA
| | - Anna Monfredini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Grupo de Química Inorgánica y Materiales Moleculares, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autonoma de Chile El Llano Subercaseaux 2801 Santiago Chile
| | - Davide Balestri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Alexander I Boldyrev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University Logan UT 84322 USA
| | - Giovanni Maestri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kalita AJ, Rohman SS, Kashyap C, Ullah SS, Guha AK. Double aromaticity in a BBe 6H 6+ cluster with a planar hexacoordinate boron structure. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12597-12599. [PMID: 32945297 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05668e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aromaticity is one of the central concepts in chemistry and stabilizes many clusters that have interesting structural motifs. Herein, a cationic BBe6H6 cluster featuring a planar hexacoordinate boron structure stabilized by 2π/6σ double aromaticity was predicted theoretically. The cluster was predicted to be dynamically stable well above room temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amlan J Kalita
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India.
| | - Shahnaz S Rohman
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India.
| | - Chayanika Kashyap
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India.
| | - Sabnam S Ullah
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India.
| | - Ankur K Guha
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Monaco G, Zanasi R. The molecular electronic structure revealed by the magnetically induced Lorentz force density. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:104114. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0021928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmo Monaco
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli,” Università di Salerno, Via G. Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisiciano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Zanasi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli,” Università di Salerno, Via G. Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisiciano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pino-Rios R, Vásquez-Espinal A, Yañez O, Tiznado W. Searching for double σ- and π-aromaticity in borazine derivatives. RSC Adv 2020; 10:29705-29711. [PMID: 35518239 PMCID: PMC9056176 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05939k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inspired by the double-aromatic (σ and π) C6H3 +, C6I6 2+, and C6(SePh)6 2+ ring-shaped compounds, herein we theoretically study their borazine derivative analogues. The systems studied are the cation and dications with formulas B3N3H3 +, B3N3Br6 2+, B3N3I6 2+, B3N3(SeH)6 2+, and B3N3(TeH)6 2+. Our DFT calculations indicate that the ring-shaped planar structures of B3N3H3 +, B3N3I6 2+, and B3N3(TeH)6 2+ are more stable in the singlet state, while those of B3N3Br6 2+ and B3N3(SeH)6 2+ prefer the triplet state. Besides, exploration of the potential energy surface shows that the ring-shaped structure is the putative global minimum only for B3N3I6 2+. According to chemical bonding analysis, B3N3H3 +, B3N3I6 2+, and B3N3(TeH)6 2+ have σ and π delocalized bonds. The number of delocalized σ/π electrons is 2/6 for the first, and 10/6 for the second and third, similar to what their carbon analogs exhibit. Finally, the analysis of the magnetically induced current density allows B3N3H3 +, B3N3I6 2+, and B3N3(TeH)6 2+ to be classified as strongly σ aromatic, and poorly π aromatic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Pino-Rios
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH) Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363 Santiago Estación Central, Región Metropolitana Chile
| | - Alejandro Vásquez-Espinal
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello República 498 Santiago Chile
| | - Osvaldo Yañez
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello República 498 Santiago Chile
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello Av. Republica 330 Santiago 8370146 Chile
| | - William Tiznado
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello República 498 Santiago Chile
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lu W, Do DCH, Kinjo R. A flat carborane with multiple aromaticity beyond Wade-Mingos' rules. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3370. [PMID: 32632316 PMCID: PMC7338440 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17166-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely known that the skeletal structure of clusters reflects the number of skeletal bonding electron pairs involved, which is called the polyhedral skeletal electron pair theory (PSEPT) or Wade and Mingos rules. While recent computational studies propose that the increase of skeletal electrons of polyhedral clusters leads to the flat structure beyond the PSEPT, little experimental evidence has been demonstrated. Herein, we report the synthesis of a C2B4R4 carborane 2 featuring a flat ribbon-like structure. The C2B4 core of 2 bearing 16 skeletal electrons in the singlet-ground state defies both the [4n + 2] Hückel's rule and Baird's rule. Nevertheless, the delocalization of those electrons simultaneously induces two independent π- and two independent σ-aromatic ring currents, rendering quadruple aromaticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Dinh Cao Huan Do
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Weng T, Baryshnikov G, Deng C, Li X, Wu B, Wu H, Ågren H, Zou Q, Zeng T, Zhu L. A Fluorescence-Phosphorescence-Phosphorescence Triple-Channel Emission Strategy for Full-Color Luminescence. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1906475. [PMID: 31994360 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201906475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Organic luminogens constitute promising prototypes for various optoelectronic applications. Since gaining distinct color emissions normally requires the alternation of the conjugated backbone, big issues remain in material synthetic cost and skeleton compatibility while pursuing full-color luminescence. Upon a facile one-step coupling, three simple but smart perchalcogenated (O, S, and Se) arenes are synthesized. They exhibit strong luminescent tricolor primaries (i.e., blue, green, and red, respectively) in the solid state with a superior quantum yield up to >40% (5-10 times higher than that in corresponding solutions). The properties originate from a fluorescence-phosphorescence-phosphorescence triple-channel emission effect, which is regulated by S and Se heavy atoms-dependent intersystem crossing upon molecular packing, as well as Se-Se atom interaction-caused energy splittings. Consequently, full-color luminescence, including a typical white-light luminescence with a Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage coordinate of (0.30, 0.35), is realized by complementarily incorporating these tricolor luminescent materials in the film. Moreover, mechanochromic luminescent color conversions are also observed to achieve the fine-tuning of the luminescent tints. This strategy can be smart to address full-color luminescence on the same molecular skeleton, showing better material compatibility as an alternative to the traditional multiple-luminophore engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taoyu Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Gleb Baryshnikov
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chao Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xuping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Bin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Hongwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Hans Ågren
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qi Zou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Materials Application and Evaluation, Shanghai Research Institute of Materials, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Liangliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Fedik N, Kulichenko M, Steglenko D, Boldyrev AI. Can aromaticity be a kinetic trap? Example of mechanically interlocked aromatic [2-5]catenanes built from cyclo[18]carbon. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:2711-2714. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09483k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Aromaticity serves as a kinetic trap for mechanically interlocked cyclo[18]carbon rings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Fedik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Utah State University
- Logan
- USA
| | - Maksim Kulichenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Utah State University
- Logan
- USA
| | - Dmitriy Steglenko
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry
- Southern Federal University
- Rostov-on-Don 344090
- Russia
| | - Alexander I. Boldyrev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Utah State University
- Logan
- USA
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang YJ, Guo MM, Wang GL, Miao CQ, Zhang N, Xue TD. The structure and chemical bonding in inverse sandwich B6Ca2 and B8Ca2 clusters: conflicting aromaticity vs. double aromaticity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:20362-20367. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03703f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Boron-based B6Ca2 and B8Ca2 clusters adopt unique inverse sandwich architectures, which are stabilized by interesting conflicting aromaticity and double aromaticity, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Xinzhou Teachers University
- Xinzhou 034000
- China
| | - Min-Min Guo
- Department of Chemistry
- Xinzhou Teachers University
- Xinzhou 034000
- China
| | - Gui-Lin Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Xinzhou Teachers University
- Xinzhou 034000
- China
| | - Chang-Qing Miao
- Department of Chemistry
- Xinzhou Teachers University
- Xinzhou 034000
- China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Xinzhou Teachers University
- Xinzhou 034000
- China
| | - Teng-Dan Xue
- Department of Chemistry
- Xinzhou Teachers University
- Xinzhou 034000
- China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Saito M. Expansion of the Concept of Aromaticity by the Introduction of Heavy Atoms and Application to Coordination Chemistry. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2019. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.77.960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaichi Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
|
32
|
Molčanov K, Kojić-Prodić B. Towards understanding π-stacking interactions between non-aromatic rings. IUCRJ 2019; 6:156-166. [PMID: 30867913 PMCID: PMC6400184 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252519000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The first systematic study of π interactions between non-aromatic rings, based on the authors' own results from an experimental X-ray charge-density analysis assisted by quantum chemical calculations, is presented. The landmark (non-aromatic) examples include quinoid rings, planar radicals and metal-chelate rings. The results can be summarized as: (i) non-aromatic planar polyenic rings can be stacked, (ii) interactions are more pronounced between systems or rings with little or no π-electron delocalization (e.g. quinones) than those involving delocalized systems (e.g. aromatics), and (iii) the main component of the interaction is electrostatic/multipolar between closed-shell rings, whereas (iv) interactions between radicals involve a significant covalent contribution (multicentric bonding). Thus, stacking covers a wide range of interactions and energies, ranging from weak dispersion to unlocalized two-electron multicentric covalent bonding ('pancake bonding'), allowing a face-to-face stacking arrangement in some chemical species (quinone anions). The predominant interaction in a particular stacked system modulates the physical properties and defines a strategy for crystal engineering of functional materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krešimir Molčanov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Biserka Kojić-Prodić
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Đorđević S, Radenković S. Magnetically induced current density in triple-layered beryllium–boron clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:7105-7114. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00541b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Magnetically induced current densities reveal the double aromatic character of the examined Be–B clusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Slađana Đorđević
- Faculty of Science
- University of Kragujevac
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Fedik N, Boldyrev AI, Muñoz-Castro A. Aromatic character of [Au13]5+ and [MAu12]4+/6+ (M = Pd, Pt) cores in ligand protected gold nanoclusters – interplay between spherical and planar σ-aromatics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:25215-25219. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04477a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ligand-protected superatoms are able to behave as both spherical and planar aromatic species, providing a strong link between spherical and planar σ-aromatics, which can be controlled selectively by tuning their redox charge states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Fedik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Utah State University
- Logan
- USA
| | | | - Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Grupo de Química Inorgánica y Materiales Moleculares
- Facultad de Ingenieria
- Universidad Autonoma de Chile
- Santiago
- Chile
| |
Collapse
|