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Nawa N, Nishimura H, Matsuyama Y, Doi S, Isumi A, Fujiwara T. Association between the number of convenience stores and caries status in permanent teeth among elementary school children: results from the A-CHILD population-based longitudinal cohort study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1228197. [PMID: 37954054 PMCID: PMC10637395 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1228197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In Japan, people have rich access to 24-h convenience stores where they can buy sweets, juice and fluoride hygiene products, among others. However, the association between the number of convenience stores in a neighbourhood and caries in elementary school children status has not been studied. This study aimed to investigate this particular association. Methods Data were derived from a population-based longitudinal cohort study (A-CHILD study) of elementary school children from first-grade to fourth-grade in Adachi City, Tokyo. Caregivers were asked to complete a questionnaire in 2015, 2016, and 2018. A total of 3,136 caregivers provided a valid response. We analysed the association using multilevel Poisson regression. Results The mean number of caries among children in school districts with low, middle, and high number of convenience stores was 0.31 (SD: 0.81), 0.21 (SD: 0.69), and 0.16 (SD: 0.58). After covariate adjustment, children in the school districts with high and middle number of convenience stores had 44% (mean ratio 0.56, 95% CI: 0.31, 0.998) and 31% (mean ratio 0.69, 95% CI: 0.42, 1.13) fewer caries in their permanent teeth, respectively, than children in the school districts with low number of convenience stores. We also found dose-response relationship (p for trend: 0.042). Conclusion Higher number of convenience stores in a school district was associated with fewer caries in permanent teeth among elementary school children. Further study elucidating the mechanism on this protective association is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobutoshi Nawa
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisaaki Nishimura
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Matsuyama
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satomi Doi
- Department of Health Policy, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Isumi
- Department of Health Policy, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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Hasheminejad N, Mahmoodi MR, Malek Mohammadi T, Karamoozian A. Meal patterns and the quality of breakfast and snacks in relation to adolescents' dental health in southeast of Iran. Nutr Health 2022:2601060221130426. [PMID: 36259151 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221130426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aim: The objective was to determine the frequency pattern and nutritional quality of breakfast and snacks in Iranian adolescents and to investigate these dietary habits in relation to tooth decay and tooth erosion. Methods: A multistage cluster random sampling method was adopted to recruit 600 adolescents with equal sex distribution in the city of Kerman/southeast of Iran. Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) and Tooth Wear Index (TWI) were recorded for each subject. Snacking and breakfast quality, frequency of snacking and regular/irregular use of main meals were also recorded. Poisson regression and Firth's bias-reduced penalized-likelihood logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results: DMFT score of adolescents who consumed low-quality snacks were 1.13 times more than those who consumed high-quality snacks. Regular use of all three main meals was associated with a lower DMFT score. DMFT score of adolescents who did not have regular use of breakfast was 1.19 times more than those who consumed breakfast on a regular basis. Also, regarding adolescents who had an irregular use of lunch, the DMFT score was 1.3 times more than those who had a regular lunch schedule. In addition, participants with irregular dinner consumption had 1.24 times more DMFT scores compared to those with a regular dinner schedule. Conclusions: Regular breakfast consumption, decreased snacking occasions, use of higher nutritional quality snacks, and increased nutritional education are important in order to prevent a higher chance of dental caries and promote dental health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naimeh Hasheminejad
- Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, 48463Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mahmoodi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology & Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, 48463Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Malek Mohammadi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Department of Dental Public Health, 48463Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Karamoozian
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, 48463Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Children's and Parents' Marburg Sugar Index (MSI) Values: Are They Comparable? Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081630. [PMID: 35458192 PMCID: PMC9029305 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on children’s nutritional behaviour (CNB) rarely compare children’s answers regarding the frequency of their sugar intake with the respective statements of their parents. Therefore, data from a prevention study were used to analyse this aspect, as well as a potential correlation between Marburg Sugar Index (MSI) values and caries experience of children. The present study based its questionnaire data on CNB and caries data. Pairs of questionnaires filled in separately by children and parents of the participating families were dichotomised by either having completed the diet section entirely (Group A) or in part (Group B). The MSI scores were calculated separately for children and parents. The statistical confidence level was set at α = 0.05 (two-sided). Furthermore, the Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated and tested for “r = 0”. Additionally, a test for equality of the correlations was applied. The number of available questionnaire pairs was 429 in Group A and 400 in Group B. In both groups, significant correlations between children’s and parents’ MSI scores (A: r = 0.301, p < 0.001; B: r = 0.226, p < 0.001) were found. Using Spearman’s Rho, a significant correlation between MSI scores and children’s caries experiences was observed in Group A. MSI scores based on dietary questionnaires can be used to obtain consistent information on children’s CNB provided by the children themselves or their parents. This is true even when the MSI score has to be calculated on the basis of incomplete questionnaires. Questionnaire-based CNB information can improve the effectiveness of individual or group preventive measures supplemented by individually adapted nutritional counselling.
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Neighbourhood school environment and dental care needs amongst 5-to-11-year-old children attending a local dental facility in South-East England. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-022-01706-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Fleitas Alfonzo L, Bentley R, Singh A. Home ownership, income and oral health of children in Australia-A population-based study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2021; 50:156-163. [PMID: 33870544 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Income inequalities in children's oral health have been well described. It is plausible that the security of tenure reflected by the ownership status of children's housing dynamically interacts with household income to shape these inequalities. We examined whether housing tenure modifies the known association between household income and oral health. METHODS Data were analysed on 3344 10- to 11-year-old children from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. Multivariable regression models tested associations between household income and dental caries and tooth loss due to caries. Effect modification by home ownership (yes/no) was tested on the additive and multiplicative scales. Models were adjusted for sex, Indigenous status, main language spoken at home, area of residence, main carer education and family arrangement. RESULTS Children in households in the low income group had worse oral health than children in the high group for caries and tooth loss. Models only weakly supported an additive interaction for tooth loss; that is, the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) for low household income was -0.903 (-2.38; 0.571) for tooth loss and -0.076 (-0.42; 0.271) for dental decay, although we note that the low proportion of children from low-income homeowning households (6%) reduces the power to detect interactions. Notably, our models suggest renters in both high- and low-income categories had the highest risk of tooth loss compared to owners (PR for high-income renters: 2.19 (95% CI: 1.25, 3.85); PR for low-income renters: 2.11 (95% CI: 1.42, 3.16)). CONCLUSION Our study confirms that children in low-income households have poorer oral health outcomes than their high-income counterparts. Our findings additionally suggest that children in rental households may fare the worst of all housing and income combinations considered. Improving the security of housing for families privately renting may have wider health benefits that currently acknowledged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Fleitas Alfonzo
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Rebecca Bentley
- Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Ankur Singh
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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Stey AM, Byskosh A, Etkin C, Mackersie R, Stein DM, Bilimoria KY, Crandall ML. Describing the density of high-level trauma centers in the 15 largest US cities. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2020; 5:e000562. [PMID: 33083559 PMCID: PMC7549441 DOI: 10.1136/tsaco-2020-000562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There has been a proliferation of urban high-level trauma centers. The aim of this study was to describe the density of high-level adult trauma centers in the 15 largest cities in the USA and determine whether density was correlated with urban social determinants of health and violence rates. Methods The largest 15 US cities by population were identified. The American College of Surgeons' (ACS) and states' department of health websites were cross-referenced for designated high-level (levels 1 and 2) trauma centers in each city. Trauma centers and associated 20 min drive radius were mapped. High-level trauma centers per square mile and per population were calculated. The distance between high-level trauma centers was calculated. Publicly reported social determinants of health and violence data were tested for correlation with trauma center density. Results Among the 15 largest cities, 14 cities had multiple high-level adult trauma centers. There was a median of one high-level trauma center per every 150 square kilometers with a range of one center per every 39 square kilometers in Philadelphia to one center per596 square kilometers in San Antonio. There was a median of one high-level trauma center per 285 034 people with a range of one center per 175 058 people in Columbus to one center per 870 044 people in San Francisco. The median minimum distance between high-level trauma centers in the 14 cities with multiple centers was 8 kilometers and ranged from 1 kilometer in Houston to 43 kilometers in San Antonio. Social determinants of health, specifically poverty rate and unemployment rate, were highly correlated with violence rates. However, there was no correlation between trauma center density and social determinants of health or violence rates. Discussion High-level trauma centers density is not correlated with social determinants of health or violence rates. Level of evidence VI. Study type Economic/decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Stey
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alexandria Byskosh
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Caryn Etkin
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert Mackersie
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Deborah M Stein
- R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Karl Y Bilimoria
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Marie L Crandall
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine - Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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Campbell LZ, Pitt M, Mclennan P. Robust statistical methods for point of sale designs, the example of healthcare snack and drink vending. FACILITIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1108/f-02-2019-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The experiment introduces nutritional labelling, healthier products and product placement designs to the hospital vending machines, to promote healthy lifestyles.
Design/methodology/approach
The site where this experiment happens is a major London hospital, serving over a million patients every year. In the experiment, the hospital’s snack and drink vending machines are redesigned. The impact on product sales are then analysed using robust statistical methods.
Findings
Nutritional labelling has a statistically significant impact on product sales. Less of the unhealthiest products are sold. Healthier products and product placement designs have a larger impact but with less statistical significance. They require further testing.
Research limitations/implications
Experts in service operations can use this experiment’s regression modelling methods. The methods are ideal for measuring change over time in counting data sets in complex real world environments.
Practical implications
There are suggestions for practical vending service change in this research. They are in line and add a practical example to Government policy guidance.
Social implications
People using the redesigned vending machines have more opportunity for healthy lifestyle choices.
Originality/value
The experiment provides statistical evidence in support of catering for healthier lifestyles.
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Anttila J, Tolvanen M, Kankaanpää R, Lahti S. School-level changes in factors related to oral health inequalities after national recommendation on sweet selling. Scand J Public Health 2018; 47:576-582. [PMID: 30486749 DOI: 10.1177/1403494818812641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aims: In 2007, Finnish authorities gave a national recommendation that schools should not sell sweet products. This study aimed to determine the effects of the national recommendation on school-level intermediary determinants (factors related to oral health inequalities) and if the changes were different according to school-level socio-economic position (SEP). Methods: This ecological and longitudinal study combined school-level data from two independent studies from Finnish upper comprehensive schools (N = 970): the School Health Promotion study (SHPS) and the School Sweet Selling survey (SSSS). The baseline data (SHPS from 2006-2007 and SSSS from 2007) and the post-intervention data (SHPS and SSSS from 2008-2009) were combined into a longitudinal school-level data set (n = 360 and response rate = 37%). The intermediary determinants were: attitudes and access to intoxicants, school health services, school environment, home environment, schools' health-promoting actions (including sweet product selling) and pupils' eating habits. Three equal-sized school-level SEP group - slow, middle and high - were formed. The changes in the intermediary determinants were analysed using Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test. Differences between school SEP groups were analysed the using Kruskal-Wallis test. Longitudinal linear mixed modelling was used to determine the contribution of intermediary determinants to the changes in pupils' eating habits. Results: The national recommendation was effective in decreasing sweet product selling at schools and the effect was equal in each school-level SEP group. Intermediary determinants contributed differently to eating habits in the three SEP groups. Conclusions: A national recommendation seems to be an effective tool in making the school environment healthier without increasing inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaakko Anttila
- 1 Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Mimmi Tolvanen
- 1 Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Rami Kankaanpää
- 1 Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Satu Lahti
- 1 Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Finland.,2 Turku Clinical Research Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Pachori A, Kambalimath H, Maran S, Niranjan B, Bhambhani G, Malhotra G. Evaluation of Changes in Salivary pH after Intake of Different Eatables and Beverages in Children at Different Time Intervals. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:177-182. [PMID: 30131637 PMCID: PMC6102436 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dissolution of the enamel in the form of erosion has increased due to shift in eating habits toward carbonated drinks like soft drink and chocolates. Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in the salivary pH after intake of different eatables and beverages in children at different time intervals. Study design Using standard salivary tests, this study was conducted as a case-control study. Fifty children between ages of 8 and 12 years having strict vegetarian diet were included in the study. Materials and methods Oral prophylaxis was done and salivary buffer capacity for stimulated saliva was measured. Before the saliva collection, each of the children was informed not to eat or drink anything for up to 2 hours just before the appointment. Results On pairwise evaluation, all the differences were found to be significant statistically except between baseline vs 30 minutes. Maximum mean difference was calculated and observed between baseline and immediately after intake of fruit juice and immediate after 30 minutes, 0.953 and 0.963 respectively, while minimum difference was calculated and observed between baseline and 30 minutes after intake of fruit juice (0.010). Conclusion Maximum drop was seen in cold drink when compared with fruit juice. The maximum pH increase was observed in cream biscuits with 7.63 ± 0.20. It was observed that in all the groups, the pH gradually got back to near normal levels due to the buffering mechanism of saliva.How to cite this article: Pachori A, Kambalimath H, Maran S, Niranjan B, Bhambhani G, Malhotra G. Evaluation of Changes in Salivary pH after Intake of Different Eatables and Beverages in Children at Different Time Intervals. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(3):177-182.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Pachori
- Postgraduate Student (Final Year), Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Haalaswamy Kambalimath
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Satish Maran
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Babita Niranjan
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Garima Bhambhani
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Peoples College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Garima Malhotra
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Maharana Pratap College of Dental Sciences, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh India
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Socioeconomic inequality in the provision of specific preventive dental interventions among children in the UK: Children's Dental Health Survey 2003. Br Dent J 2017; 222:865-869. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2017.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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van der Tas JT, Kragt L, Elfrink MEC, Bertens LCM, Jaddoe VWV, Moll HA, Ongkosuwito EM, Wolvius EB. Social inequalities and dental caries in six-year-old children from the Netherlands. J Dent 2017; 62:18-24. [PMID: 28450065 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of our study was to investigate the association of different socioeconomic and sociodemographic factors with dental caries in six-year-old children. Furthermore, we applied a district based approach to explore the distribution of dental caries among districts of low and high socioeconomic position (SEP). METHODS In our cross-sectional study 5189 six-year-olds were included. This study was embedded in a prospective population-based birth cohort study in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, the Generation R Study. Parental education level, parental employment status, net household income, single parenting, and teenage pregnancy were considered as indicators for SEP. Dental caries was scored on intraoral photographs by using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) index. We compared children without caries (dmft=0) to children with mild caries (dmft=1-3) or severe caries (dmft >3). Multinomial logistic regression analyses and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to study the association between SEP and caries, and between district and caries, respectively. RESULTS Only maternal education level remained significantly associated with mild caries after adjusting for all other SEP-indicators. Paternal educational level, parental employment status, and household income additionally served as independent indicators of SEP in children with severe caries. Furthermore, living in more disadvantaged districts was significantly associated with higher odds of dental caries. CONCLUSION Dental caries is more prevalent among six-year-old children with a low SEP, which is also visible at the district level. Maternal educational level is the most important indicator of SEP in the association with caries. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Our results should raise concerns about the existing social inequalities in dental caries and should encourage development of dental caries prevention strategies. New knowledge about the distribution of oral health inequalities between districts should be used to target the right audience for these strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin T van der Tas
- The Generation R Study Group, ErasmusMC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics, ErasmusMC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Lea Kragt
- The Generation R Study Group, ErasmusMC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics, ErasmusMC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marlies E C Elfrink
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics, ErasmusMC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Loes C M Bertens
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ErasmusMC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, ErasmusMC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, ErasmusMC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Paediatrics, ErasmusMC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Henriëtte A Moll
- The Generation R Study Group, ErasmusMC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Paediatrics, ErasmusMC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Edwin M Ongkosuwito
- The Generation R Study Group, ErasmusMC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics, ErasmusMC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Eppo B Wolvius
- The Generation R Study Group, ErasmusMC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics, ErasmusMC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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12
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Anttila J, Rytkönen T, Kankaanpää R, Tolvanen M, Lahti S. Effect of national recommendation on sweet selling as an intervention for a healthier school environment. Scand J Public Health 2014; 43:27-34. [PMID: 25425227 DOI: 10.1177/1403494814558150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aims: In 2007, the Finnish National Board of Education (FNBE) and the National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) gave a national recommendation that Finnish upper comprehensive schools should not sell sweet products. The aim was to find out how the national recommendation changed the schools’ selling of sweet products. Methods: This longitudinal survey was conducted in Finnish upper comprehensive school classes 7–9 (13–15-year-old pupils) in 2007 and 2010. All the schools ( N=970) were invited to answer the questionnaire and 237 schools answered in both years (response rate 24%). The questionnaires contained questions concerning the selling of sweet and healthy products and school policy on sweet selling guidelines. Of the nine items in the questionnaire, three weighted sum scores were formed for oral health promotion: Exposure, enabling and policy (higher score indicating better actions). These sum scores were also trichotomized. Statistical significances of the changes were analyzed using nonparametric Wilcoxon’s test, McNemar’s test, and McNemar-Bowker’s test. Results: Schools had decreased exposure of pupils to sweet products ( p<0.001), more often provided oral health protecting items ( p=0.047) and had improved their oral health-promoting policy ( p<0.001). The selling of some sweet products, candies and soft drinks had decreased ( p<0.001) whereas the selling of other sweet products had not changed ( p=0.665). Schools tended to improve their exposure and policy status ( p<0.001). Conclusion: It is possible to improve school environments by means of a national recommendation. Other actions are needed both inside and outside schools in order to decrease the total consumption of sweet products among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaakko Anttila
- Licentiate in Dentistry, Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tatu Rytkönen
- Licentiate in Dentistry, Department of Community Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Rami Kankaanpää
- Licentiate in Dentistry, Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mimmi Tolvanen
- Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Community Dentistry, FinnBrain study group, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Satu Lahti
- Professor, Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Riggs E, Gussy M, Gibbs L, van Gemert C, Waters E, Priest N, Watt R, Renzaho AMN, Kilpatrick N. Assessing the cultural competence of oral health research conducted with migrant children. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2013; 42:43-52. [DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisha Riggs
- Jack Brockhoff Child Health and Wellbeing Program; McCaughey VicHealth Centre for Community Wellbeing; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Healthy Mothers Healthy Families Research Group; Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Mark Gussy
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health; La Trobe Rural Health School; La Trobe University; Bendigo Vic. Australia
| | - Lisa Gibbs
- Jack Brockhoff Child Health and Wellbeing Program; McCaughey VicHealth Centre for Community Wellbeing; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | | | - Elizabeth Waters
- Jack Brockhoff Child Health and Wellbeing Program; McCaughey VicHealth Centre for Community Wellbeing; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Naomi Priest
- McCaughey VicHealth Centre for Community Wellbeing; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Richard Watt
- Epidemiology and Public Health; University College London; London UK
| | - Andre M. N. Renzaho
- Global Health and Society Unit; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine; Monash University; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Centre for International Health; Burnet Institute; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Nicky Kilpatrick
- Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery Research Group; Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Department of Paediatrics; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
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Bourzgui F, Sebbar M, Hamza M. [Risk of caries in orthodontics: descriptive study on 155 patients]. REVUE DE STOMATOLOGIE ET DE CHIRURGIE MAXILLO-FACIALE 2010; 111:276-9. [PMID: 20797740 DOI: 10.1016/j.stomax.2010.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2009] [Revised: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/21/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this survey was to study the prevalence of tooth decay, to assess oral hygiene control, to analyze the different risk factors for caries in orthodontics, and to determine recommendations. PATIENTS AND METHODS We studied 155 patients managed in the unit, for three months and 19 days. The main indicators used were: the DMF index; Loe and Silness's gingival index, and Silness and Loe's plate index. RESULTS The plate index ranged between 0.08 and 2.4, with a mean of 1.12 ± 0.48; the gingival index ranged between 0 and 2, with a mean of 0.67 ± 0.43; the DMF index ranged between 0 and 21, with a mean of 5.77 ± 4.52. DISCUSSION The orthodontist has a major role to play in the prevention of caries before and after treatment. Recommendations and patient information should be adapted to risk for dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bourzgui
- Département d'orthopédie dentofaciale, faculté de médecine dentaire, Casablanca, Maroc
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Abstract
The aim of this analysis was to investigate the strength of the association between sugar intake and treatment for dental decay in children in Scotland, and the impact of tooth brushing frequency on this association. The Survey of Sugar Intake among Children in Scotland was carried out in 2006 in those aged 3-17 years. Diet was assessed using the Scottish Collaborative Group FFQ, and interviews were carried out by trained fieldworkers who asked about dental health. A total of 1700 interviews were carried out, and 1512 FFQ were returned. Of the children, 56% had received treatment for decay (fillings or teeth removed due to decay). Intake of non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES), but not total sugar, increased the risk of having had treatment for decay: adjusted OR 1.84 (95% CI 1.28, 2.64) for the highest ( ≥ 20.0% food energy) v. lowest ( ≤ 14.8% food energy) tertile of NMES intake. This raised risk remained in children who reported brushing their teeth at least twice a day. Compared with children who reported brushing their teeth at least twice a day and were in the lowest tertile of NMES intake, children who reported brushing their teeth once a day or less and were in the highest tertile of NMES intake were over three times more likely to have received treatment for decay (adjusted OR 3.39, 95% CI 1.97, 5.82). In order to improve dental health in children in Scotland, dental health strategies must continue to stress the importance of both reduced NMES intake and good oral hygiene.
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