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Nguyen YT, Kim N, Lee HJ. Metal Complexes as Promising Matrix Metalloproteinases Regulators. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021258. [PMID: 36674771 PMCID: PMC9861486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, cancers and dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease, are the most fatal causes of death. Many studies tried to understand the pathogenesis of those diseases clearly and develop a promising way to treat the diseases. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been reported to be involved in the pathology of cancers and AD through tumor cell movement and amyloid degradation. Therefore, control of the levels and actions of MMPs, especially MMP-2 and MMP-9, is necessary to care for and/or cure cancer and AD. Various molecules have been examined for their potential application as regulators of MMPs expression and activity. Among the molecules, multiple metal complexes have shown advantages, including simple synthesis, less toxicity and specificity toward MMPs in cancer cells or in the brain. In this review, we summarize the recent studies and knowledge of metal complexes (e.g., Pt-, Ru-, Au-, Fe-, Cu-, Ni-, Zn-, and Sn-complexes) targeting MMPs and their potentials for treating and/or caring the most fatal human diseases, cancers and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Thi Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Namdoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Hyuck Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (H.J.L.)
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2
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Sonkar C, Sarkar S, Mukhopadhyay S. Ruthenium(ii)-arene complexes as anti-metastatic agents, and related techniques. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:22-38. [PMID: 35224494 PMCID: PMC8792825 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00220a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
With the discovery of cisplatin, a vast area of applications of metallodrugs in cancer treatment was opened but due to the side effects caused by the cisplatin complexes, researchers began to look for alternatives with similar anticancer properties but fewer side effects. Ruthenium was found to be a promising candidate, considering its significant anticancer properties and low side effects. Several ruthenium complexes, viz. NAMI-A, KP1019, KP1339, and TLD1433, have entered clinical trials. Some other arene ruthenium complexes such as RM175 and RAPTA-C have also entered clinical trials but very few of them have shown anti-metastatic properties. Herein, we provide information and probable mechanistic pathways for ruthenium(ii)-arene complexes that have been studied, so far, for their anti-metastatic activities. Also, we discuss the techniques and their significance for determining the anti-metastatic effects of the complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanchal Sonkar
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore Khandwa Road, Simrol Indore 453552 MP India
| | - Sayantan Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Indore Khandwa Road, Simrol Indore 453552 MP India
| | - Suman Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore Khandwa Road, Simrol Indore 453552 MP India
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Indore Khandwa Road, Simrol Indore 453552 MP India
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3
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Azmanova M, Pitto-Barry A. Oxidative stress in cancer therapy: Friend or enemy? Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202100641. [PMID: 35015324 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Excessive cellular oxidative stress is widely perceived as a key factor in pathophysiological conditions and cancer development. Healthy cells use several mechanisms to maintain intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and overall redox homeostasis to avoid damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids. Cancer cells, in contrast, exhibit elevated ROS levels and upregulated protective antioxidant pathways. Counterintuitively, such elevated oxidative stress and enhanced antioxidant defence mechanisms in cancer cells provide a therapeutic opportunity for the development of drugs with different anticancer mechanisms of action (MoA). In this review, oxidative stress and the role of ROS in cells are described. The tumour-suppressive and tumour-promotive functions of ROS are discussed to compare these two different therapeutic strategies (increasing or decreasing ROS to fight cancer). Clinically approved drugs with demonstrated oxidative stress anticancer MoAs are highlighted before describing examples of metal-based anticancer drug candidates causing oxidative stress in cancer cells via novel MoAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Azmanova
- University of Bradford, School of Chemistry and Biosciences, Richmond Road, BD7 1DP, Bradford, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Anaïs Pitto-Barry
- Université Paris-Saclay: Universite Paris-Saclay, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, FRANCE
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4
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Reaction mechanisms relevant to the formation and utilization of [Ru(edta)(NO)] complexes in aqueous media. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 225:111595. [PMID: 34555599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The advancement of Ru(edta) complexes (edta4- = ethylenediamineteraacetate) mediated reactions, including NO generation and its utilization, has not been systematically reviewed to date. This review aims to report the research progress that has been made in exploring the application of Ru(edta) complexes in trapping and generation of NO. Furthermore, utilization of the potential of Ru(edta) complexes to mimic NO synthase and nitrite reductase activity, including thermodynamics and kinetics of NO binding to Ru(edta) complexes, their NO scavenging (in vitro), and antitumor activity will be discussed. Also, the role of [Ru(edta)(NO)] in mediating electrochemical reduction of nitrite, S-nitrosylation of biological thiols, and cross-talk between NO and H2S, will be covered. Reports on the NO-related chemistry of Fe(edta) complexes showing similar behavior are contextualized in this review for comparison purposes. The research contributions compiled herein will provide in-depth mechanistic knowledge for understanding the diverse routes pertaining to the formation of the [Ru(edta)(NO)] species, and its role in effecting the aforementioned reactions of biochemical significance.
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Dorairaj DP, Lin YF, Haribabu J, Murugan T, Narwane M, Karvembu R, Neelakantan MA, Kao CL, Chiu CC, Hsu SCN. Binding mode transformation and biological activity on the Ru(II)-DMSO complexes bearing heterocyclic pyrazolyl ligands. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 223:111545. [PMID: 34303108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Three Ru(II)-DMSO complexes (1-3) containing 2-(3-pyrazolyl)pyridine (PzPy), 2-pyrazol-3-ylfuran (PzO), or 2-pyrazol-3-ylthiophene (PzS) ligand, were synthesized and characterized. The monodentate coordination of the heterocyclic pyrazolyl ligand (PzPy) with Ru(II) ion via N atom was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 could be converted to the known η2-bidentate PzPy complex cis(Cl), cis(S)-[RuCl2(PzPy)(DMSO)2] (4) under reflux conditions. The mechanism underlying binding mode transformation was studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The binding abilities of the complexes (1-4) with calf-thymus (CT) DNA and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated using spectroscopic and molecular docking techniques. Among the four Ru(II) complexes, complexes 1 and 3 inhibited the long-term proliferation of human breast cancer cells, whereas complexes 2 and 4 did not inhibit their proliferation to a considerable extent. Interestingly, complexes 1 and 3 did not induce significant cell death but rather attenuated the clonogenicity of breast cancer cells by upregulating reactive oxygen species (ROS), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and autophagic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy Priyanka Dorairaj
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Centre, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, India
| | - Ya-Fan Lin
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Centre, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jebiti Haribabu
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Centre, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, India
| | - Theetharappan Murugan
- Chemistry Research Centre, National Engineering College, K.R. Nagar, Kovilpatti, 628503 Thoothukudi District, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Manmath Narwane
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Centre, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ramasamy Karvembu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, India
| | | | - Chai-Lin Kao
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Centre, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Sodio C N Hsu
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Centre, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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6
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Marzo T, La Mendola D. The Effects on Angiogenesis of Relevant Inorganic Chemotherapeutics. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:73-86. [PMID: 33243124 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666201126163436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a key process allowing the formation of blood vessels. It is crucial for all the tissues and organs, ensuring their function and growth. Angiogenesis is finely controlled by several mechanisms involving complex interactions between pro- or antiangiogenic factors, and an imbalance in this control chain may result in pathological conditions. Metals as copper, zinc and iron cover an essential role in regulating angiogenesis, thus therapies having physiological metals as target have been proposed. In addition, some complexes of heavier metal ions (e.g., Pt, Au, Ru) are currently used as established or experimental anticancer agents targeting genomic or non-genomic targets. These molecules may affect the angiogenic mechanisms determining different effects that have been only poorly and non-systematically investigated so far. Accordingly, in this review article, we aim to recapitulate the impact on the angiogenic process of some reference anticancer drugs, and how it is connected to the overall pharmacological effects. In addition, we highlight how the activity of these drugs can be related to the role of biological essential metal ions. Overall, this may allow a deeper description and understanding of the antineoplastic activity of both approved or experimental metal complexes, providing important insights for the synthesis of new inorganic drugs able to overcome resistance and recurrence phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Diego La Mendola
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
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8
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Vivarelli S, Falzone L, Basile MS, Candido S, Libra M. Nitric Oxide in Hematological Cancers: Partner or Rival? Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:383-401. [PMID: 32027171 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Hematological malignancies represent the fourth most diagnosed cancer. Relapse and acquired resistance to anticancer therapy constitute two actual issues that need to be overcome. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a pivotal role in regulating cancer progression. At present, many studies are attempting to uncover the potentials of modulating NO levels to improve the efficacy of currently available treatments against lymphoma, leukemia, and myeloma. Recent Advances: It is becoming progressively clear that NO modulation may help hematological cancer management, either by targeting directly tumor cells or by driving the immune system to eliminate cancer cells. Critical Issues: NO is a dual molecule that can have a tumor-protecting or stimulating effect, depending on its local concentration. Moreover, NO is able to target a wide range of molecules involved in both cancer genesis and evolution. In this review, an overview of the recent findings regarding the pivotal role played by NO and nitric oxide synthase in cancer progression and anticancer therapy is presented, with particular focus on hematological malignancies. Future Directions: It is critical to establish the cancer-specific function of NO and critically drive its modulation to improve cancer management toward a personalized approach. This has a special importance in hematological tumors, where the urgency of finding eradicative therapies is constant. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 34, 383-401.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Vivarelli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Falzone
- Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia Basile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Saverio Candido
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Research Centre for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Research Centre for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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9
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Pereira ES, Rodrigues GLS, Rocha WR. Electronic structure and mechanism for the uptake of nitric oxide by the Ru(iii) antitumor complex NAMI-A. RSC Adv 2021; 11:7381-7390. [PMID: 35423255 PMCID: PMC8695036 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10622d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has well known vasodilation effects in living organisms and its participation in the metastasis of cancer cells through the angiogenesis process has been demonstrated experimentally. Therefore, the uptake of NO has become one focus of investigation to produce anti-metastatic drugs. In this article we have investigated the uptake of NO by the ruthenium based metallodrug trans-tetrachloride(dimethylsulfoxide)imidazole ruthenate(iii) [Im]trans-[RuCl4(Im)(DMSO)], known as New Anti-tumor Metastasis Inhibitor-A (NAMI-A). Electronic structure calculations using Density Functional Theory, DFT, and State-Averaged Complete Active Space Self Consistent Field, SA-CASSCF, with second order perturbation theory corrections, NEVPT2 were carried out to investigate the mechanism involved in the uptake of NO by the Ru-based anticancer metallodrug NAMI-A. The calculations revealed that the reaction takes place at the triplet potential energy surface, with the singlet surface being ∼15 kcal mol-1 shifted to higher energies, and there is a surface crossing to form the most stable singlet product after the reaction takes place at the triplet surface. The spin pairing and electron transfer from the nitric oxide to the metallic fragment takes place at the region of the minimum energy crossing point between the two surfaces. The Ru-NO bond in the {Ru-NO}6 product has ∼10% of the RuIII-NO0 character. The SA-CASSCF/NEVPT2 calculations revealed that the uptake of NO by NAMI-A has a small energy barrier of ∼8 kcal mol-1 and, therefore a rate constant of 11.3 × 106 s-1 at 300 K. In addition, the reaction is thermodynamically favorable, with a Gibbs free energy of ∼30 kcal mol-1. These results show that the uptake of nitric oxide by the NAMI-A complex is kinetically and thermodynamically feasible in biological medium and, therefore, gives support to the anti-angiogenesis theory associated to the mode of action of NAMI-A and other related compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eufrásia S Pereira
- Laboratório de Estudos Computacionais em Sistemas Moleculares, eCsMolab, Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais 31270-901 Pampulha Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Gabriel L S Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Estudos Computacionais em Sistemas Moleculares, eCsMolab, Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais 31270-901 Pampulha Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Willian R Rocha
- Laboratório de Estudos Computacionais em Sistemas Moleculares, eCsMolab, Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais 31270-901 Pampulha Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
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10
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Coimbra DF, Cintra CH, Lourenço LCL, Parreira RLT, Orenha RP, Caramori GF. Are DFT Methods Able to Predict Reduction Potentials of Ruthenium Nitrosyl Complexes Accurately? J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:6186-6192. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c03718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F. Coimbra
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Trindade, CP 476, Florianópolis, SC 88040−900, Brazil
| | - Claudia H. Cintra
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, 14404-600 Brazil
| | - Luiz C. L. Lourenço
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, 14404-600 Brazil
| | - Renato L. T. Parreira
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, 14404-600 Brazil
| | - Renato P. Orenha
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, 14404-600 Brazil
| | - Giovanni F. Caramori
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Trindade, CP 476, Florianópolis, SC 88040−900, Brazil
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11
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NAMI-A and KP1019/1339, Two Iconic Ruthenium Anticancer Drug Candidates Face-to-Face: A Case Story in Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24101995. [PMID: 31137659 PMCID: PMC6571951 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
NAMI-A ((ImH)[trans-RuCl4(dmso-S)(Im)], Im = imidazole) and KP1019/1339 (KP1019 = (IndH)[trans-RuCl4(Ind)2], Ind = indazole; KP1339 = Na[trans-RuCl4(Ind)2]) are two structurally related ruthenium(III) coordination compounds that have attracted a lot of attention in the medicinal inorganic chemistry scientific community as promising anticancer drug candidates. This has led to a considerable amount of studies on their respective chemico-biological features and to the eventual admission of both to clinical trials. The encouraging pharmacological performances qualified KP1019 mainly as a cytotoxic agent for the treatment of platinum-resistant colorectal cancers, whereas the non-cytotoxic NAMI-A has gained the reputation of being a very effective antimetastatic drug. A critical and strictly comparative analysis of the studies conducted so far on NAMI-A and KP1019 allows us to define the state of the art of these experimental ruthenium drugs in terms of the respective pharmacological profiles and potential clinical applications, and to gain some insight into the inherent molecular mechanisms. Despite their evident structural relatedness, deeply distinct biological and pharmacological profiles do emerge. Overall, these two iconic ruthenium complexes form an exemplary and unique case in the field of medicinal inorganic chemistry.
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12
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Pötsch I, Baier D, Keppler BK, Berger W. Challenges and Chances in the Preclinical to Clinical Translation of Anticancer Metallodrugs. METAL-BASED ANTICANCER AGENTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/9781788016452-00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite being “sentenced to death” for quite some time, anticancer platinum compounds are still the most frequently prescribed cancer therapies in the oncological routine and recent exciting news from late-stage clinical studies on combinations of metallodrugs with immunotherapies suggest that this situation will not change soon. It is perhaps surprising that relatively simple molecules like cisplatin, discovered over 50 years ago, are still widely used clinically, while none of the highly sophisticated metal compounds developed over the last decade, including complexes with targeting ligands and multifunctional (nano)formulations, have managed to obtain clinical approval. In this book chapter, we summarize the current status of ongoing clinical trials for anticancer metal compounds and discuss the reasons for previous failures, as well as new opportunities for the clinical translation of metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Pötsch
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Dina Baier
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
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Li H, Wang D, Zhao X, Lu LN, Liu C, Gong LD, Zhao DX, Yang ZZ. Reaction mechanism of NO with hydrolysates of NAMI-A: an MD simulation by combining the QM/MM(ABEEM) with the MD-FEP method. J Comput Chem 2019; 40:1141-1150. [PMID: 30375671 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Nitrosylation reaction mechanisms of the hydrolysates of NAMI-A and hydrolysis reactions of ruthenium nitrosyl complexes were investigated in the triplet state and the singlet state. Activation free energies were calculated by combining the QM/MM(ABEEM) method with free energy perturbation theory, and the explicit solvent environment was simulated by an ABEEMσπ polarizable force field. Our results demonstrate that nitrosylation reactions of the hydrolysates of NAMI-A occur in both the triplet and the singlet states. The Ru-N-O angle of the triplet ruthenium nitrosyl complexes is in the range of 132.0°-138.2°. However, all the ruthenium nitrosyl complexes at the singlet state show an almost linear Ru-N-O angle. The nitrosylation reaction happens prior to the hydrolysis reaction for the first-step hydrolysates. The activation free energies of the nitrosylation reactions show that the H2 O-NO exchange reaction of [RuCl4 (Im)(H2 O)] in the singlet spin sate is the most likely one. Comparing with the activation free energies of the hydrolysis reactions of the ruthenium nitrosyl complexes, the results indicate that the rate of the DMSO-H2 O exchange reaction of [RuCl3 (NO)(Im)(DMSO)] is faster than that of [RuCl3 (H2 O)(Im)(DMSO)] in both the triplet spin state and the singlet spin state. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China.,Department of Chemistry, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Nan Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Dong Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Xia Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Zhi Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
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14
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Abstract
After nearly 20 years of research on the use of ruthenium in the fight against cancer, only two Ru(III) coordination complexes have advanced to clinical trials. During this time, the field has produced excellent candidate drugs with outstanding in vivo and in vitro activity; however, we have yet to find a ruthenium complex that would be a viable alternative to platinum drugs currently used in the clinic. We aimed to explore what we have learned from the most prominent complexes in the area, and to challenge new concepts in chemical design. Particularly relevant are studies involving NKP1339, NAMI-A, RM175, and RAPTA-C, which have paved the way for current research. We explored the development of the ruthenium anticancer field considering that the mechanism of action of complexes no longer focuses solely on DNA interactions, but explores a diverse range of cellular targets involving multiple chemical strategies.
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15
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Lin K, Zhao ZZ, Bo HB, Hao XJ, Wang JQ. Applications of Ruthenium Complex in Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1323. [PMID: 30510511 PMCID: PMC6252376 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruthenium complexes are a new generation of metal antitumor drugs that are currently of great interest in multidisciplinary research. In this review article, we introduce the applications of ruthenium complexes in the diagnosis and therapy of tumors. We focus on the actions of ruthenium complexes on DNA, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum of cells, as well as signaling pathways that induce tumor cell apoptosis, autophagy, and inhibition of angiogenesis. Furthermore, we highlight the use of ruthenium complexes as specific tumor cell probes to dynamically monitor the active biological component of the microenvironment and as excellent photosensitizer, catalyst, and bioimaging agents for phototherapies that significantly enhance the diagnosis and therapeutic effect on tumors. Finally, the combinational use of ruthenium complexes with existing clinical antitumor drugs to synergistically treat tumors is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Lin
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Zhuo Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Ben Bo
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Hao
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jin-Quan Wang
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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de la Cueva-Alique I, Sierra S, Muñoz-Moreno L, Pérez-Redondo A, Bajo AM, Marzo I, Gude L, Cuenca T, Royo E. Biological evaluation of water soluble arene Ru(II) enantiomers with amino-oxime ligands. J Inorg Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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17
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Qu F, Park S, Martinez K, Gray JL, Thowfeik FS, Lundeen JA, Kuhn AE, Charboneau DJ, Gerlach DL, Lockart MM, Law JA, Jernigan KL, Chambers N, Zeller M, Piro NA, Kassel WS, Schmehl RH, Paul JJ, Merino EJ, Kim Y, Papish ET. Ruthenium Complexes are pH-Activated Metallo Prodrugs (pHAMPs) with Light-Triggered Selective Toxicity Toward Cancer Cells. Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengrui Qu
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Seungjo Park
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0203, United States
| | - Kristina Martinez
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Jessica L. Gray
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | | | - John A. Lundeen
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Ashley E. Kuhn
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - David J. Charboneau
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Deidra L. Gerlach
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Molly M. Lockart
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - James A. Law
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Katherine L. Jernigan
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Nicole Chambers
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Nicholas A. Piro
- Department
of Chemistry, Albright College, Reading, Pennsylvania 19612, United States
| | - W. Scott Kassel
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Russell H. Schmehl
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Jared J. Paul
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Edward J. Merino
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Yonghyun Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0203, United States
| | - Elizabeth T. Papish
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
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18
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Berndsen RH, Abdul UK, Weiss A, Zoetemelk M, te Winkel MT, Dyson PJ, Griffioen AW, Nowak-Sliwinska P. Epigenetic approach for angiostatic therapy: promising combinations for cancer treatment. Angiogenesis 2017; 20:245-267. [DOI: 10.1007/s10456-017-9551-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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19
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Oszajca M, Mrugała B, Brindell M. Aqueous behavior and reactivity towards nitric oxide of NAMI-A type complexes bearing bulky N-heterocyclic ligands. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2016.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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20
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Bergamo A, Pelillo C, Chambery A, Sava G. Influence of components of tumour microenvironment on the response of HCT-116 colorectal cancer to the ruthenium-based drug NAMI-A. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 168:90-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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21
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Wang JQ, Kou JF, Zhao ZZ, Qiu KQ, Chao H. Anthraquinone-bridged diruthenium(ii) complexes inhibit migration and invasion of human hepatocarcinoma MHCC97-H cells. Inorg Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qi00149e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Four diruthenium(ii) complexes exhibited anti-metastatic properties on MHCC97-H cells, which involved in the inhibition of migration and invasion, negative remodulation of the cytoskeleton, blocking cell cycles and regulation of relative signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Quan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Candidate Drug Research
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
| | - Jun-Feng Kou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Zi-Zhuo Zhao
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Kang-Qiang Qiu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Hui Chao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
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22
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Oszajca M, Collet G, Stochel G, Kieda C, Brindell M. Hypoxia-selective inhibition of angiogenesis development by NAMI-A analogues. Biometals 2016; 29:1035-1046. [PMID: 27812766 PMCID: PMC5116311 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-016-9974-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The antimetastatic ruthenium(III) complex (H2Im)[trans-RuCl4(HIm)(DMSO)] (NAMI-A) as well as its two analogues (H2Ind)[trans-RuCl4(HInd)(DMSO)] (Ru-Ind) and (HIsq)[trans-RuCl4(Isq)(DMSO)] (Ru-Isq) (HIm–imidazole, HInd–indazole, Isq–isoquinoline, DMSO–dimethyl sulfoxide) were tested for their effect on endothelial cell functions in vitro on human skin microvascular endothelial cells (HSkMEC) and human endothelial progenitor cells (HPEC-CB.2) under normoxic (21 % O2) and hypoxic (1 % O2) conditions. All studied complexes showed very low cytotoxicity profiles towards both mature microvascular and precursor endothelial cells (ECs), independently of oxygen concentration. Among tested compounds Ru-Ind exhibited the highest cytotoxicity. The antiangiogenic activity of ruthenium complexes was evaluated for their influence on pseudo-vessels formation by microvascular endothelial cells (HSkMEC) because of their involvement in melanoma progression. Our studies indicated that Ru-Ind and Ru-Isq exhibited hypoxia- and dose-dependent-inhibition of angiogenesis on Matrigel™. Significant hypoxia-selective downregulation of pseudo-vessels formation by Ru-Isq correlates with efficient inhibition of cell motility. Interestingly, in the applied concentration doses migration of endothelial cells was also inhibited by NAMI-A, but the pseudo-vessels formation on Matrigel™ was unaffected. Angiogenesis-related genes expression profile for both mature and precursor ECs indicated that inhibition of angiogenesis, mainly due to Ru-Isq, as compared to NAMI-A and Ru-Ind correlated with downregulation of CD31 and CD144 expression and upregulation of NOTCH4 expression in mature ECs, which is essential for endothelial cell motility and stalk cells organization control. The hypoxia-selective antiangiogenic activity of Ru-Ind and Ru-Isq, NAMI-A analogues makes them potent antimetastatic therapeutics for their selective action in hypoxia which controls tumor pathologic angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Oszajca
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Guillaume Collet
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, 45071, Orléans, France
| | - Grażyna Stochel
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060, Kraków, Poland
| | - Claudine Kieda
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, 45071, Orléans, France. .,Malopolska Biotechnology Centre, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Brindell
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060, Kraków, Poland
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23
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Dos Santos ER, Corrêa RS, Ribeiro JU, Graminha AE, Ellena J, Selistre-de-Araujo HS, Batista AA. Ru(II)/bisphosphine/diimine/amino acid complexes: diastereoisomerism, cytotoxicity, and inhibition of tumor cell adhesion to collagen type I. J COORD CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2016.1244334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodrigo S. Corrêa
- Departamento de Química, ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Juliana U. Ribeiro
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Javier Ellena
- Departamento de Física e Informática, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Alzir A. Batista
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
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24
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Alessio E. Thirty Years of the Drug Candidate NAMI-A and the Myths in the Field of Ruthenium Anticancer Compounds: A Personal Perspective. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Alessio
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Trieste; Via L. Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
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25
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Castellarin A, Zorzet S, Bergamo A, Sava G. Pharmacological Activities of Ruthenium Complexes Related to Their NO Scavenging Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17081254. [PMID: 27490542 PMCID: PMC5000652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is considered responsible for the growth of primary tumours and of their metastases. With the present study, the effects of three ruthenium compounds, potassiumchlorido (ethylendiamminotetraacetate)rutenate(III) (RuEDTA), sodium (bis-indazole)tetrachloro-ruthenate(III), Na[trans-RuCl₄Ind₂] (KP1339) and trans-imidazoledimethylsulphoxidetetrachloro-ruthenate (NAMI-A), are studied in vitro in models mimicking the angiogenic process. The ruthenium compounds reduced the production and the release of nitrosyls from either healthy macrophages and immortalized EA.hy926 endothelial cells. The effects of NAMI-A are qualitatively similar and sometimes quantitatively superior to those of RuEDTA and KP1339. NAMI-A reduces the production and release of nitric oxide (NO) by the EA.hy926 endothelial cells and correspondingly inhibits their invasive ability; it also strongly inhibits the angiogenesis in matrigel sponges implanted subcutaneously in healthy mice. Taken together, these data support the anti-angiogenic activity of the tested ruthenium compounds and they contribute to explain the selective activity of NAMI-A against solid tumour metastases, the tumour compartment on which angiogenesis is strongly involved. This anti-angiogenic effect may also contribute to the inhibition of the release of metastatic cells from the primary tumour. Investigations on the anti-angiogenic effects of NAMI-A at this level will increase knowledge of its pharmacological properties and it will give a further impulse to the development of this class of innovative metal-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Castellarin
- Callerio Foundation Onlus, via A. Fleming 22-31, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Sonia Zorzet
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Alberta Bergamo
- Callerio Foundation Onlus, via A. Fleming 22-31, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Gianni Sava
- Callerio Foundation Onlus, via A. Fleming 22-31, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
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Brescacin L, Masi A, Sava G, Bergamo A. Effects of the ruthenium-based drug NAMI-A on the roles played by TGF-β1 in the metastatic process. J Biol Inorg Chem 2015; 20:1163-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-015-1297-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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27
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Das D, Mondal P. Quantum Chemical Studies on Detail Mechanism of Nitrosylation of NAMI-A-HSA Adduct. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:10456-65. [PMID: 26151453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b05071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydrolysis of NAMI-A in NAMI-A-HSA (HSA = human serum albumin) and nitrosylation of hydrolyzed NAMI-A-HSA adduct have been studied in detail using density functional theory method. It has been observed that the chloride exchange reaction with water in the NAMI-A-HSA adduct follows an interchange dissociative mechanism passing through an unstable heptacoordinated activated complex. The computed free energy of activation (ΔG) and rate constant (k) for the hydrolysis process in aqueous medium are observed to be 24.85 kcal mol(-1) and 3.81 × 10(-6) s(-1), respectively. Nitrosylation of hydrolyzed NAMI-A-HSA adduct with nitric oxide is found to be thermodynamically more favorable with the incorporation of solvent effect and provides a detailed understanding related to the antimetastatic activity of the NAMI-A drug. This investigation shows that nitric oxide coordinates linearly to NAMI-A-HSA adduct leading to the reduction of ruthenium(III) to more active ruthenium(II), with the reduction potential of -2.32 V. Negative relative solvation and relative binding free energies suggest that the hydrolysis and nitrosylation reactions are found to be thermodynamically favorable and faster. Our computed results provide a detailed thermodynamics and kinetics which may be highly beneficial for understanding antimetastatic activity as well as the nitric oxide scavenging ability of NAMI-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharitri Das
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
| | - Paritosh Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
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Vadori M, Florio C, Groppo B, Cocchietto M, Pacor S, Zorzet S, Candussio L, Sava G. The antimetastatic drug NAMI-A potentiates the phenylephrine-induced contraction of aortic smooth muscle cells and induces a transient increase in systolic blood pressure. J Biol Inorg Chem 2015; 20:831-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-015-1269-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Clavel CM, Păunescu E, Nowak-Sliwinska P, Griffioen AW, Scopelliti R, Dyson PJ. Modulating the Anticancer Activity of Ruthenium(II)-Arene Complexes. J Med Chem 2015; 58:3356-65. [PMID: 25812075 DOI: 10.1021/jm501655t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Following the identification of [Ru(η(6)-p-cymene)Cl2(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl-3-(pyridin-3-yl)propanoate)], a ruthenium(II)-arene complex with a perfluoroalkyl-modified ligand that displays remarkable in vitro cancer cell selectivity, a series of structurally related compounds were designed. In the new derivatives, the p-cymene ring and/or the chloride ligands are substituted by other ligands to modulate the steric bulk or aquation kinetics. The new compounds were evaluated in both in vitro (cytotoxicity and migration assays) and in vivo (chicken chorioallantoic membrane) models and were found to exhibit potent antivascular effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Clavel
- †Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emilia Păunescu
- †Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrycja Nowak-Sliwinska
- †Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- ‡Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VUMC Cancer Center Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- †Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul J Dyson
- †Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Bergamo A, Sava G. Linking the future of anticancer metal-complexes to the therapy of tumour metastases. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:8818-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00134j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy is almost always applied to patients with one or more diagnosed metastases and is expected to impact these lesions, thus providing significant benefits to the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gianni Sava
- Callerio Foundation Onlus
- 34127 Trieste
- Italy
- Department of Life Sciences
- University of Trieste
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31
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Bergamo A, Gerdol M, Lucafò M, Pelillo C, Battaglia M, Pallavicini A, Sava G. RNA-seq analysis of the whole transcriptome of MDA-MB-231 mammary carcinoma cells exposed to the antimetastatic drug NAMI-A. Metallomics 2015; 7:1439-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c5mt00081e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Leijen S, Burgers SA, Baas P, Pluim D, Tibben M, van Werkhoven E, Alessio E, Sava G, Beijnen JH, Schellens JHM. Phase I/II study with ruthenium compound NAMI-A and gemcitabine in patients with non-small cell lung cancer after first line therapy. Invest New Drugs 2014; 33:201-14. [PMID: 25344453 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-014-0179-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This phase I/II study determined the maximal tolerable dose, dose limiting toxicities, antitumor activity, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ruthenium compound NAMI-A in combination with gemcitabine in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer patients after first line treatment. METHODS Initial dose escalation of NAMI-A was performed in a 28 day cycle: NAMI-A as a 3 h infusion through a port-a-cath at a starting dose of 300 mg/m(2) at day 1, 8 and 15, in combination with gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m(2) at days 2, 9 and 16. Subsequently, dose escalation of NAMI-A in a 21 day schedule was explored. At the maximal tolerable dose level of this schedule an expansion group was enrolled of which 15 patients were evaluable for response. RESULTS Due to frequent neutropenic dose interruptions in the third week, the 28 day schedule was amended into a 21 day schedule. The maximal tolerable dose was 300 and 450 mg/m(2) of NAMI-A (21 day schedule). Main adverse events consisted of neutropenia, anemia, elevated liver enzymes, transient creatinine elevation, nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, fatigue, and renal toxicity. CONCLUSION NAMI-A administered in combination with gemcitabine is only moderately tolerated and less active in NSCLC patients after first line treatment than gemcitabine alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Leijen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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33
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Trondl R, Heffeter P, Kowol CR, Jakupec MA, Berger W, Keppler BK. NKP-1339, the first ruthenium-based anticancer drug on the edge to clinical application. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc53243g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 489] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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34
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Rathgeb A, Böhm A, Novak MS, Gavriluta A, Dömötör O, Tommasino JB, Enyedy ÉA, Shova S, Meier S, Jakupec MA, Luneau D, Arion VB. Ruthenium-nitrosyl complexes with glycine, L-alanine, L-valine, L-proline, D-proline, L-serine, L-threonine, and L-tyrosine: synthesis, X-ray diffraction structures, spectroscopic and electrochemical properties, and antiproliferative activity. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:2718-29. [PMID: 24555845 PMCID: PMC3942006 DOI: 10.1021/ic4031359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of [Ru(NO)Cl5](2-) with glycine (Gly), L-alanine (L-Ala), L-valine (L-Val), L-proline (L-Pro), D-proline (D-Pro), L-serine (L-Ser), L-threonine (L-Thr), and L-tyrosine (L-Tyr) in n-butanol or n-propanol afforded eight new complexes (1-8) of the general formula [RuCl3(AA-H)(NO)](-), where AA = Gly, L-Ala, L-Val, L-Pro, D-Pro, L-Ser, L-Thr, and L-Tyr, respectively. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), (1)H NMR, UV-visible and ATR IR spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and X-ray crystallography. X-ray crystallography studies have revealed that in all cases the same isomer type (from three theoretically possible) was isolated, namely mer(Cl),trans(NO,O)-[RuCl3(AA-H)(NO)], as was also recently reported for osmium analogues with Gly, L-Pro, and D-Pro (see Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 2013, 639, 1590-1597). Compounds 1, 4, 5, and 8 were investigated by ESI-MS with regard to their stability in aqueous solution and reactivity toward sodium ascorbate. In addition, cell culture experiments in three human cancer cell lines, namely, A549 (nonsmall cell lung carcinoma), CH1 (ovarian carcinoma), and SW480 (colon carcinoma), were performed, and the results are discussed in conjunction with the lipophilicity of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rathgeb
- University of Vienna, Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Böhm
- University of Vienna, Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria S. Novak
- University of Vienna, Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anatolie Gavriluta
- Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux
et Interfaces (UMR 5615), Campus de La Doua, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Orsolya Dömötör
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University
of Szeged, Dóm
tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Jean Bernard Tommasino
- Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux
et Interfaces (UMR 5615), Campus de La Doua, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Éva A. Enyedy
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University
of Szeged, Dóm
tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sergiu Shova
- “Petru Poni”
Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Roumanian Academy, Aleea
Grigore Ghica Vodă 41-A, RO-700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Samuel Meier
- University of Vienna, Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael A. Jakupec
- University of Vienna, Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominique Luneau
- Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux
et Interfaces (UMR 5615), Campus de La Doua, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Vladimir B. Arion
- University of Vienna, Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Oszajca M, Kuliś E, Stochel G, Brindell M. Interaction of the NAMI-A complex with nitric oxide under physiological conditions. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj01631e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The NAMI-A ([ImH][RuCl4(Im)(DMSO)], Im – imidazole, DMSO – dimethyl sulfoxide) interact with nitric oxide (NO) under physiological-like conditions, however it is rather kinetically sluggish NO scavenger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Oszajca
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Kuliś
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Grażyna Stochel
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-060 Krakow, Poland
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36
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Robles-Escajeda E, Martínez A, Varela-Ramirez A, Sánchez-Delgado RA, Aguilera RJ. Analysis of the cytotoxic effects of ruthenium-ketoconazole and ruthenium-clotrimazole complexes on cancer cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2013; 29:431-43. [PMID: 24272524 PMCID: PMC4207122 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-013-9264-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium-based compounds have intriguing anti-cancer properties, and some of these novel compounds are currently in clinical trials. To continue the development of new metal-based drug combinations, we coupled ruthenium (Ru) with the azole compounds ketoconazole (KTZ) and clotrimazole (CTZ), which are well-known antifungal agents that also display anticancer properties. We report the activity of a series of 12 Ru-KTZ and Ru-CTZ compounds against three prostate tumor cell lines with different androgen sensitivity, as well as cervical cancer and lymphoblastic lymphoma cell lines. In addition, human cell lines were used to evaluate the toxicity against non-transformed cells and to establish selectivity indexes. Our results indicate that the combination of ruthenium and KTZ/CTZ in a single molecule results in complexes that are more cytotoxic than the individual components alone, displaying in some cases low micromolar CC50 values and high selectivity indexes. Additionally, all compounds are more cytotoxic against prostate cell lines with lower cytotoxicity against non-transformed epidermal cell lines. Some of the compounds were found to primarily induce cell death via apoptosis yet weakly interact with DNA. Our studies also demonstrate that the cytotoxicity induced by our Ru-based compounds is not directly related to their ability to interact with DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Robles-Escajeda
- Border Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
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37
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Romero-Canelón I, Sadler PJ. Next-Generation Metal Anticancer Complexes: Multitargeting via Redox Modulation. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:12276-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ic400835n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter J. Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong,
People’s Republic of China
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38
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Büchel G, Gavriluta A, Novak M, Meier S, Jakupec MA, Cuzan O, Turta C, Tommasino JB, Jeanneau E, Novitchi G, Luneau D, Arion VB. Striking difference in antiproliferative activity of ruthenium- and osmium-nitrosyl complexes with azole heterocycles. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:6273-85. [PMID: 23659478 PMCID: PMC3733131 DOI: 10.1021/ic400555k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium nitrosyl complexes of the general formulas (cation)(+)[cis-RuCl4(NO)(Hazole)](-), where (cation)(+) = (H2ind)(+), Hazole = 1H-indazole (Hind) (1c), (cation)(+) = (H2pz)(+), Hazole = 1H-pyrazole (Hpz) (2c), (cation)(+) = (H2bzim)(+), Hazole = 1H-benzimidazole (Hbzim) (3c), (cation)(+) = (H2im)(+), Hazole = 1H-imidazole (Him) (4c) and (cation)(+)[trans-RuCl4(NO)(Hazole)](-), where (cation)(+) = (H2ind)(+), Hazole = 1H-indazole (1t), (cation)(+) = (H2pz)(+), Hazole = 1H-pyrazole (2t), as well as osmium analogues of the general formulas (cation)(+)[cis-OsCl4(NO)(Hazole)](-), where (cation)(+) = (n-Bu4N)(+), Hazole =1H-indazole (5c), 1H-pyrazole (6c), 1H-benzimidazole (7c), 1H-imidazole (8c), (cation)(+) = Na(+); Hazole =1H-indazole (9c), 1H-benzimidazole (10c), (cation)(+) = (H2ind)(+), Hazole = 1H-indazole (11c), (cation)(+) = H2pz(+), Hazole = 1H-pyrazole (12c), (cation)(+) = (H2im)(+), Hazole = 1H-imidazole (13c), and (cation)(+)[trans-OsCl4(NO)(Hazole)](-), where (cation)(+) = n-Bu4N(+), Hazole = 1H-indazole (5t), 1H-pyrazole (6t), (cation)(+) = Na(+), Hazole = 1H-indazole (9t), (cation)(+) = (H2ind)(+), Hazole = 1H-indazole (11t), (cation)(+) = (H2pz)(+), Hazole = 1H-pyrazole (12t), have been synthesized. The compounds have been comprehensively characterized by elemental analysis, ESI mass spectrometry, spectroscopic techniques (IR, UV-vis, 1D and 2D NMR) and X-ray crystallography (1c·CHCl3, 1t·CHCl3, 2t, 3c, 6c, 6t, 8c). The antiproliferative activity of water-soluble compounds (1c, 1t, 3c, 4c and 9c, 9t, 10c, 11c, 11t, 12c, 12t, 13c) in the human cancer cell lines A549 (nonsmall cell lung carcinoma), CH1 (ovarian carcinoma), and SW480 (colon adenocarcinoma) has been assayed. The effects of metal (Ru vs Os), cis/trans isomerism, and azole heterocycle identity on cytotoxic potency and cell line selectivity have been elucidated. Ruthenium complexes (1c, 1t, 3c, and 4c) yielded IC50 values in the low micromolar concentration range. In contrast to most pairs of analogous ruthenium and osmium complexes known, they turned out to be considerably more cytotoxic than chemically related osmium complexes (9c, 9t, 10c, 11c, 11t, 12c, 12t, 13c). The IC50 values of Os/Ru homologs differ by factors (Os/Ru) of up to ~110 and ~410 in CH1 and SW480 cells, respectively. ESI-MS studies revealed that ascorbic acid may activate the ruthenium complexes leading to hydrolysis of one M-Cl bond, whereas the osmium analogues tend to be inert. The interaction with myoglobin suggests nonselective adduct formation; i.e., proteins may act as carriers for these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel
E. Büchel
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Laboratoire des Multimatériaux
et Interfaces (UMR5615), Université Claude Bernard
Lyon 1, Campus de La Doua, 69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex,
France
| | - Anatolie Gavriluta
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Laboratoire des Multimatériaux
et Interfaces (UMR5615), Université Claude Bernard
Lyon 1, Campus de La Doua, 69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex,
France
| | - Maria Novak
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Samuel
M. Meier
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael A. Jakupec
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Olesea Cuzan
- Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Academiei Str. 3, MD-2028
Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Constantin Turta
- Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Academiei Str. 3, MD-2028
Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Jean-Bernard Tommasino
- Laboratoire des Multimatériaux
et Interfaces (UMR5615), Université Claude Bernard
Lyon 1, Campus de La Doua, 69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex,
France
| | - Erwann Jeanneau
- Laboratoire des Multimatériaux
et Interfaces (UMR5615), Université Claude Bernard
Lyon 1, Campus de La Doua, 69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex,
France
| | - Ghenadie Novitchi
- Laboratoire
National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses-CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, 25 Avenue des Martyrs,
38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Dominique Luneau
- Laboratoire des Multimatériaux
et Interfaces (UMR5615), Université Claude Bernard
Lyon 1, Campus de La Doua, 69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex,
France
| | - Vladimir B. Arion
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Bučinský L, Büchel GE, Ponec R, Rapta P, Breza M, Kožíšek J, Gall M, Biskupič S, Fronc M, Schiessl K, Cuzan O, Prodius D, Turta C, Shova S, Zając DA, Arion VB. On the Electronic Structure ofmer,trans-[RuCl3(1H-indazole)2(NO)], a Hypothetical Metabolite of the Antitumor Drug Candidate KP1019: An Experimental and DFT Study. Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201201526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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40
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Barry NPE, Sadler PJ. Exploration of the medical periodic table: towards new targets. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:5106-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc41143e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 570] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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41
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Meyer A, Bagowski CP, Kokoschka M, Stefanopoulou M, Alborzinia H, Can S, Vlecken DH, Sheldrick WS, Wölfl S, Ott I. Über die biologischen Eigenschaften von Alkinyl(phosphan)gold(I)-Komplexen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201202939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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42
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Meyer A, Bagowski CP, Kokoschka M, Stefanopoulou M, Alborzinia H, Can S, Vlecken DH, Sheldrick WS, Wölfl S, Ott I. On the Biological Properties of Alkynyl Phosphine Gold(I) Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:8895-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201202939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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43
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Chatterjee D, van Eldik R. Polyaminecarboxylateruthenium(III) complexes on the mosaic of bioinorganic reactions. Kinetic and mechanistic impact. ADVANCES IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-396462-5.00006-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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44
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Approaching tumour therapy beyond platinum drugs: status of the art and perspectives of ruthenium drug candidates. J Inorg Biochem 2011; 106:90-9. [PMID: 22112845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2011.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 433] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The study of metal complexes for the treatment of cancer diseases has resulted in the identification of some unique properties of ruthenium-based compounds. Among these inorganic-based agents, two of them, namely the ruthenium(III) drugs NAMI-A and KP1019 have undertaken with some success the clinical evaluations of phase I and preliminary phase II trials in patients. Here we highlight the strategies that have led to the discovery of metal-based (NAMI-A and KP1019) and of organometallic (RM175, RAPTA-T, RDC11 and DW1/2) ruthenium-based complexes, and we report their main biological/pharmacological characteristics and expectations for further development.
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45
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Jungwirth U, Kowol CR, Keppler BK, Hartinger CG, Berger W, Heffeter P. Anticancer activity of metal complexes: involvement of redox processes. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 15:1085-127. [PMID: 21275772 PMCID: PMC3371750 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 360] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cells require tight regulation of the intracellular redox balance and consequently of reactive oxygen species for proper redox signaling and maintenance of metal (e.g., of iron and copper) homeostasis. In several diseases, including cancer, this balance is disturbed. Therefore, anticancer drugs targeting the redox systems, for example, glutathione and thioredoxin, have entered focus of interest. Anticancer metal complexes (platinum, gold, arsenic, ruthenium, rhodium, copper, vanadium, cobalt, manganese, gadolinium, and molybdenum) have been shown to strongly interact with or even disturb cellular redox homeostasis. In this context, especially the hypothesis of "activation by reduction" as well as the "hard and soft acids and bases" theory with respect to coordination of metal ions to cellular ligands represent important concepts to understand the molecular modes of action of anticancer metal drugs. The aim of this review is to highlight specific interactions of metal-based anticancer drugs with the cellular redox homeostasis and to explain this behavior by considering chemical properties of the respective anticancer metal complexes currently either in (pre)clinical development or in daily clinical routine in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Jungwirth
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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46
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Li ZZ, Liang ZH, Huang HL, Liu YJ. Ruthenium(II) complexes: Cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, DNA-binding, photocleavage and antioxidant activity studies. J Mol Struct 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2011.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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47
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Bieda R, Kitanovic I, Alborzinia H, Meyer A, Ott I, Wölfl S, Sheldrick WS. Antileukemic activity and cellular effects of rhodium(III) crown thiaether complexes. Biometals 2011; 24:645-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-011-9414-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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48
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Martínez A, Rajapakse CS, Varela-Ramírez A, Lema C, Aguilera RJ, Sánchez-Delgado RA. Arene-Ru(II)-chloroquine complexes interact with DNA, induce apoptosis on human lymphoid cell lines and display low toxicity to normal mammalian cells. J Inorg Biochem 2010; 104:967-77. [PMID: 20605217 PMCID: PMC2910123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Revised: 05/06/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The complexes [Ru(eta(6)-p-cymene)(CQ)Cl(2)] (1), [Ru(eta(6)-benzene)(CQ)Cl(2)] (2), [Ru(eta(6)-p-cymene)(CQ)(H(2)O)(2)][BF(4)](2) (3), [Ru(eta(6)-p-cymene)(en)(CQ)][PF(6)](2) (4), [Ru(eta(6)-p-cymene)(eta(6)-CQDP)][BF(4)](2) (5) (CQ = chloroquine base; CQDP = chloroquine diphosphate; en = ethylenediamine) interact with DNA to a comparable extent to that of CQ and in analogous intercalative manner with no evidence for any direct contribution of the metal, as shown by spectrophotometric and fluorimetric titrations, thermal denaturation measurements, circular dichroism spectroscopy and electrophoresis mobility shift assays. Complexes 1-5 induced cytotoxicity in Jurkat and SUP-T1 cancer cells primarily via apoptosis. Despite the similarities in the DNA binding behavior of complexes 1-5 with those of CQ the antitumor properties of the metal drugs do not correlate with those of CQ, indicating that DNA is not the principal target in the mechanism of cytotoxicity of these compounds. Importantly, the Ru-CQ complexes are generally less toxic toward normal mouse splenocytes and human foreskin fibroblast cells than the standard antimalarial drug CQDP and therefore this type of compound shows promise for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Martínez
- Chemistry Department, Brooklyn College and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11210
| | - Chandima S.K. Rajapakse
- Chemistry Department, Brooklyn College and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11210
| | - Armando Varela-Ramírez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biosciences Research Building, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968
| | - Carolina Lema
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biosciences Research Building, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968
| | - Renato J. Aguilera
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biosciences Research Building, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968
| | - Roberto A. Sánchez-Delgado
- Chemistry Department, Brooklyn College and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11210
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Ruthenium versus platinum: interactions of anticancer metallodrugs with duplex oligonucleotides characterised by electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. J Biol Inorg Chem 2010; 15:677-88. [PMID: 20213306 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-010-0635-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2009] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The binding of the ruthenium-based anticancer drug candidates KP1019, NAMI-A and RAPTA-T towards different double-stranded oligonucleotides was probed by electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry and compared with that of the widely used platinum-based chemotherapeutics cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin. It was found that the extent of adduct formation decreased in the following order: cisplatin > oxaliplatin > NAMI-A > RAPTA-T > carboplatin > KP1019. In addition to the characterisation of the adducts formed with the DNA models, the binding sites of the metallodrugs on the oligonucleotides were elucidated employing top-down tandem mass spectrometry and were found to be similar for all the metallodrugs studied, irrespective of the sequence of the oligonucleotide. A strong preference for guanine residues was established.
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50
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Chen JC, Chen LM, Liao SY, Zheng KC, Ji LN. A DFT study on the hydrolysis mechanism of the potential antitumor Ru(III) complex TzNAMI. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2009.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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