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Lema C, Moscoso R, Yáñez C, Squella JA. Exploring novel electroanalytical approach using MWCNT nanostructures to quantify nimodipine. Talanta 2024; 269:125494. [PMID: 38043339 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
A new type of buckypaper of MWCNT with entrapped Nimodipine (NMD) drug was constructed. NMD features a nitroaromatic group that is electroreducible, and a dihydropyridine ring that can be electrooxidized. From the perspective of the nitroaromatic group's reductive capability, we have devised amperometric and voltammetric analytical strategies, including both differential pulse and linear voltammetric techniques. These methods are implemented using glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) modified with buckypaper (BP) disks composed of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), which are capable of adsorbing NMD. Furthermore, by capitalizing on the oxidative capacity of the dihydropyridine ring, we have designed strategies that involve amperometry using screen-printed electrodes (SPE) modified with BP-MWCNT mini discs within a Batch Injection Analysis Cell (BIAS) designed for SPE. The developed sensor was applied successfully to determine the drug in commercial tablets. The analytical parameters of this sensor were adequate, with a recovery value of 98.24 % and detection and quantification limits of 7.01 mgL-1 and 23.35 mgL-1, respectively using the DPV method.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lema
- Redox Processes Research Center (CiPRex) and Organic and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Postal Code 838492, Santiago, Chile
| | - R Moscoso
- Redox Processes Research Center (CiPRex) and Organic and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Postal Code 838492, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Yáñez
- Redox Processes Research Center (CiPRex) and Organic and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Postal Code 838492, Santiago, Chile
| | - J A Squella
- Redox Processes Research Center (CiPRex) and Organic and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Postal Code 838492, Santiago, Chile.
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Lema C, Cheng KW, Anderson DM, Miller CC, Karp DD, McPherson DD, Kolar SSN. Simultaneous submission of seven CTSA proposals: UM1, K12, R25, T32-predoctoral, T32-postdoctoral, and RC2: strategies, evaluation, and lessons learned. J Clin Transl Sci 2024; 8:e33. [PMID: 38384924 PMCID: PMC10880001 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2024.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Translation is the process of turning observations in the research laboratory, clinic, and community into interventions that improve people's health. The Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) program is a National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) initiative to advance translational science and research. Currently, 64 "CTSA hubs" exist across the nation. Since 2006, the Houston-based Center for Clinical Translational Sciences (CCTS) has assembled a well-integrated, high-impact hub in Texas that includes six partner institutions within the state, encompassing ∼23,000 sq. miles and over 16 million residents. To achieve the NCATS goal of "more treatments for all people more quickly," the CCTS promotes diversity and inclusion by integrating underrepresented populations into clinical studies, workforce training, and career development. In May 2023, we submitted the UM1 application and six "companion" proposals: K12, R25, T32-Predoctoral, T32-Postdoctoral, and RC2 (two applications). In October 2023, we received priority scores for the UM1 (22), K12 (25), T32-Predoctoral (20), and T32-Postdoctoral (23), which historically fall within the NCATS funding range. This report describes the grant preparation and submission approach, coupled with data from an internal survey designed to assimilate feedback from principal investigators, writers, reviewers, and administrative specialists. Herein, we share the challenges faced, the approaches developed, and the lessons learned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Lema
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), The
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston,
TX, USA
| | - Kwai Wa Cheng
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), The
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston,
TX, USA
| | - Delanderia M. Anderson
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), The
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston,
TX, USA
| | - Charles C. Miller
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), The
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston,
TX, USA
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, The
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical
School, Memorial Hermann Heart & Vascular Institute, Houston,
TX, USA
| | - Daniel D. Karp
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), The
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston,
TX, USA
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston,
TX, USA
| | - David D. McPherson
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), The
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston,
TX, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical
School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Satya Sree N. Kolar
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), The
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston,
TX, USA
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Chao C, Lema C, Redfern R, Richdale K. Changes in tear glucose and insulin concentrations following an oral glucose tolerance test. Clin Exp Optom 2023; 106:752-758. [PMID: 35977531 DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2022.2111204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CLINICAL RELEVANCE Tear glucose and insulin are responsible for the health of the ocular surface; thus, it is important for clinicians to detect the tear glucose and insulin using point-of-care methods. AIM To determine if changes in blood glucose and insulin levels following an oral glucose tolerance test are reflected in the tears and to test the association between gene expression and tear insulin and glucose. METHODS Twenty healthy young adults were enrolled. Basal tears and peripheral blood samples were collected to assess glucose and insulin using a point-of-care glucometer and ELISA assays in fasted subjects, and 1.5 and 3 h after an oral glucose challenge. Conjunctival impression cytology was collected to determine gene expression of insulin receptor (INSR) and glucose transporters (GLUT1 and GLUT4). Changes were examined using non-parametric one-way ANOVA. Spearman tests were conducted to examine associations between variables. RESULTS Glucose and insulin levels increased 1.5 h after oral glucose in both blood (P < 0.001) and tears (P < 0.049) and returned to near baseline values after 3 h. There was a positive correlation between glucose levels in the blood and tears (rho = 0.57, P < 0.001), but not between blood and tear insulin levels (P = 0.18). Glucose and insulin levels in tears were correlated (rho = 0.32, P = 0.048). Tear glucose concentration at 1.5 h after oral glucose was associated with INSR expression (rho = 0.49, P = 0.03), and there was a trend with GLUT1 (P = 0.06) but not GLUT4. CONCLUSION Tear glucose reflected blood glucose levels but this correspondence was not observed for insulin. Further studies are required to determine the role of glucose and insulin on the ocular surface in both health and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Chao
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Carolina Lema
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rachel Redfern
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Lema C, Baidouri H, Sun M, Pohl S, Cookson S, Redfern R, McDermott AM. Anti-inflammatory and wound healing potential of medicinal maggot excretions/secretions at the ocular surface. Ocul Surf 2022; 26:244-254. [PMID: 36130696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the skin, Lucilia sericata maggot excretions/secretions (ES) accelerate wound healing and limit inflammation. This study aimed to determine whether ES have similar beneficial effects at the ocular surface. METHODS Human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC) were cultured with ES and cell viability was determined by the MTT assay. Additionally, mRNA expression of growth factors, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and cytokines was assessed by qPCR. ES ability to modulate TLR-induced IL-6 and IL-8 expression was determined by qPCR and ELISA. ES potential to promote corneal healing was evaluated in vitro by a migration assay in HCEC, and in vivo using a mouse model. RESULTS ES did not impair HCEC viability up to 25 μg/ml. Among the factors evaluated, only hBD-2 was upregulated (2.5-fold) by 1.5 μg/ml ES after 6 hrs (P = 0.04). In HCEC, ES reduced Poly I:C-induced IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA (P ≤ 0.001) and protein (P ≤ 0.0001) expression. A similar effect was observed with Flagellin (TLR5 agonist) but it was less robust for FSL-1 (TLR2/6 agonist) and Pam3CSK4 (TLR1/2 agonist). The greatest in vitro migration effect was observed with 6.2 μg/ml ES after 44 hrs where gap area compared to vehicle was 53.3 ± 3.7% vs. 72.6 ± 5.4% (P = 0.001). In the mouse model, the maximum healing effect was present with 1.5 μg/ml ES after 12 hrs with a wound area of 19.0 ± 2.7% vs. 60.1 ± 21.6% (P = 0.003) or 77% reduction of the wound area compared to the negative control. CONCLUSIONS ES significantly reduce in vitro TLR-induced production of inflammatory cytokines and promote corneal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Lema
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Hasna Baidouri
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Mingxia Sun
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Susanne Pohl
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Sharon Cookson
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Rachel Redfern
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| | - Alison M McDermott
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, Houston, TX, 77204, USA; Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Dry eye is one of the leading causes for individuals to seek eye care, whereas the pathogenesis is poorly understood. One mechanism in which dry eye inflammation may ensue is by the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) by damaged cells to stimulate the production of cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases. Examining DAMP levels on the ocular surface during dry eye disease (DED) will increase our understanding of their potential involvement in the pathogenesis of DED. PURPOSE This study aimed to quantitate DAMPs, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and heat shock proteins on the ocular surface of normal and dry eye subjects and to examine the impact of low-humidity environment (LHE) on DAMPs and inflammation in dry eye subjects. METHODS Basal tears (10 to 20 μL) and conjunctival impression cytology samples were analyzed for HMGB1, HSP-27, HSP-60, HSP-70, and HSP-90α by ELISA or Luminex assays in normal (n = 15) and DED (n = 15) subjects. In addition, a subset of DED subjects were exposed to LHE for 2 hours. The level of DAMPs in the tear film was evaluated by ELISA or Luminex assay. Interleukin 6, interleukin 8, or metalloproteinase (MMP) 9 mRNA were quantitated by real-time polymerase chain reaction from conjunctival impression cytology samples. RESULTS Compared with age-matched normal subjects, HMGB1 was significantly elevated in the tear film of DED subjects (P = .03), whereas there was no significant difference in heat shock proteins. Conjunctival impression cytology samples revealed no significant difference in intracellular DAMP levels between both groups. After exposure to an LHE, there was an increase in corneal staining (P = .005), HSP-60 levels in the tear film (P = .01), and MMP-9 mRNA in the conjunctiva (P = .001). CONCLUSIONS Dry eye subjects had higher levels of HMGB1 in their tear film. Exposure to an LHE worsened corneal staining, increased conjunctival MMP-9 mRNA expression, and increased tear film HSP-60 levels. Larger studies are needed to understand the involvement of DAMPs in stimulating dry eye inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyce Alven
- The Ocular Surface Institute, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Carolina Lema
- The Ocular Surface Institute, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
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Menon NG, Goyal R, Lema C, Woods PS, Tanguay AP, Morin AA, Das N, Jay GD, Krawetz RJ, Dufour A, Shapiro LH, Redfern RL, Ghosh M, Schmidt TA. Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) expression and function in dry eye associated inflammation. Exp Eye Res 2021; 208:108628. [PMID: 34048779 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines as well as damaging matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) at the ocular surface. While proteoglycan 4 (PRG4), a mucin-like glycoprotein present at the ocular surface, is most well known as a boundary lubricant that contributes to ocular surface integrity, it has been shown to blunt inflammation in various cell types, suggesting a dual mechanism of action. Recently, full-length recombinant human PRG4 (rhPRG4) has been shown to improve signs and symptoms of DED in humans. However, there remains a significant need for basic science research on rhPRG4's biological properties and its potential therapeutic mechanisms of action in treating DED. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to characterize endogenous PRG4 expression by telomerase-immortalized human corneal epithelial (hTCEpi) cells, examine whether exogenous rhPRG4 modulates cytokine and chemokine secretion in response to dry eye associated inflammation (TNFα and IL-1β), explore interactions between rhPRG4 and MMP-9, and understand how experimental dry eye (EDE) in mice affects PRG4 expression. PRG4 secretion from hTCEpi cells was quantified by Western blot and expression visualized by immunocytochemistry. Cytokine/chemokine production was measured by ELISA and Luminex, while rhPRG4's effect on MMP-9 activity, binding, and expression was quantified using an MMP-9 inhibitor kit, surface plasmon resonance, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. Finally, EDE was induced in mice, and PRG4 was visualized by immunohistochemistry in the cornea and by Western blot in lacrimal gland lysate. In vitro results demonstrate that hTCEpi cells synthesize and secrete PRG4, and PRG4 secretion is inhibited by TNFα and IL-1β. In response to these pro-inflammatory stresses, exogenous rhPRG4 significantly reduced the stimulated production of IP-10, RANTES, ENA-78, GROα, MIP-3α, and MIG, and trended towards a reduction of MIP-1α and MIP-1β. The hTCEpi cells were also able to internalize fluorescently-labelled rhPRG4, consistent with a mechanism of action that includes downstream biological signaling pathways. rhPRG4 was not digested by MMP-9, and it did not modulate MMP-9 gene expression in hTCEpi cells, but it was able to bind to MMP-9 and inhibited in vitro activity of exogenous MMP-9 in the presence of human tears. Finally, in vivo results demonstrate that EDE significantly decreased immunolocalization of PRG4 on the corneal epithelium and trended towards a reduction of PRG4 in lacrimal gland lysate. Collectively these results demonstrate rhPRG4 has anti-inflammatory properties on corneal epithelial cells, particularly as it relates to mitigating chemokine production, and is an inhibitor of MMP-9 activity, as well as that in vivo expression of PRG4 can be altered in preclinical models of DED. In conclusion, these findings contribute to our understanding of PRG4's immunomodulatory properties in the context of DED inflammation and provide the foundation and motivation for further mechanistic research of PRG4's properties on the ocular surface as well as expanding clinical evaluation of its ability as a multifunctional therapeutic agent to effectively provide relief to those who suffer from DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil G Menon
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ruchi Goyal
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Carolina Lema
- The Ocular Surface Institute, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paige S Woods
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Adam P Tanguay
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Alyssa A Morin
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Nabangshu Das
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Gregory D Jay
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School & School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Roman J Krawetz
- Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Antoine Dufour
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Linda H Shapiro
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Rachel L Redfern
- The Ocular Surface Institute, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mallika Ghosh
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Tannin A Schmidt
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA.
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Walker MK, Lema C, Redfern R. Scleral lens wear: Measuring inflammation in the fluid reservoir. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2020; 43:577-584. [PMID: 32165121 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2020.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To measure inflammatory mediators in the scleral lens fluid reservoir (FR) in healthy eyes and to compare them to basal tear samples after 8-hs (8h) and 4-days (4d) of scleral lens (SL) wear. METHODS Fifteen normal, habitual soft contact lens wearers were fitted with 14.8- or 15.4-mm SLs (Zenlens, Alden Optical, USA). Basal ocular surface tears and FR samples were collected after 8h and 4d of daily SL wear. Levels of interleukin (IL) -4 and -8, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-7, -9, and -10, and tissue inhibitor of MMPs (TIMPs) 1-4 were measured in all samples using Luminex assays. Visual acuity, corneal and conjunctival staining, and comfort assessments were completed at the baseline, 8h and 4d time points. RESULTS MMP-9 and MMP-10 were greater in FR than basal ocular surface tears. After 8h of SL wear, the median concentration of MMP-9 in the FR and basal tears were 62.7 and 15.2 ng/mL, respectively (p = 0.047). Likewise, MMP-10 was significantly greater in FR compared to basal tears, after 8h (25.8 ng/mL vs 2.8 ng/mL, p < 0.001) and 4d (2.1 ng/mL vs17.2 ng/mL, p = 0.047). IL-4 and IL-8 levels were greater in FR but not significantly at 8h (2.2 vs 3.1 ng/mL; and 0.1 vs 0.4 ng/mL, respectively) or 4d (0.9 vs 3.5 ng/mL; 0.0 vs 0.2 ng/mL). MMP-7 was not affected by SL wear after 8h (46.0 basal vs 54.4 ng/mL FR) or 4d (34.2 vs 87.5 ng/mL). Visual acuity, corneal and conjunctival staining did not change; comfort was reduced in SL compared to soft contact lens wear. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to compare the FR with the basal ocular surface tears. MMP-9 and MMP-10 were elevated in the FR after several hours of SL wear, suggesting potential clinical implications of SL wear and deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria K Walker
- University of Houston College of Optometry, The Ocular Surface Institute, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77006, United States.
| | - Carolina Lema
- University of Houston College of Optometry, The Ocular Surface Institute, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77006, United States.
| | - Rachel Redfern
- University of Houston College of Optometry, The Ocular Surface Institute, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77006, United States.
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Abstract
Purpose Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease associated with ocular surface inflammation. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are integral in the initiation of inflammatory signaling. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of TLR-deficiency on dry eye–related ocular surface damage and inflammation using a mouse model of experimental dry eye (EDE). Methods C57BL/6 wild-type (WT), MyD88−/−, and IL-1R−/− mice were exposed to EDE conditions for 5 days. Tear production was measured by phenol red thread test and ocular surface damage assessed with fluorescein staining. Corneal homogenates were obtained for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and cytokine expression analysis by Luminex assay and quantitative PCR. In addition, whole eyes and eyelids were dissected and goblet cells and Meibomian glands were imaged, respectively. Results Following 5 days of EDE, WT mice had extensive ocular surface staining, while MyD88−/− mice had no increased staining above non-EDE conditions. Similarly, MyD88−/− mice did not have increased corneal MMP-2, 3, or 8 concentrations, as seen with WT mice. MyD88-deficiency also resulted in decreased corneal cytokine levels. In addition, MyD88−/− mice had significantly lower conjunctival goblet cell counts compared with both WT (EDE) and IL-1R−/− (non-EDE) mice. However, there was no difference in Meibomian gland morphology between WT, IL-1R−/−, and MyD88−/− mice. Conclusions These studies demonstrate the importance of TLR signaling in dry eye development. Mice lacking TLR signaling, MyD88−/−, were protected from EDE-induced ocular surface damage and inflammatory mediator expression, warranting further investigation into TLR inhibition as a potential therapeutic for DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Y Reins
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, The Ocular Surface Institute, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Carolina Lema
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, The Ocular Surface Institute, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Justin Courson
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, The Ocular Surface Institute, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Carolina M E Kunnen
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, The Ocular Surface Institute, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Rachel L Redfern
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, The Ocular Surface Institute, Houston, Texas, United States
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Abstract
Purpose To determine high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) expression during experimental dry eye (EDE) and dry eye-like culture conditions and elucidate its role in corneal dry eye-related inflammation. Methods EDE was induced in 8- to 12-week-old C57BL/6 mice. Corneal tissue sections and lysates from EDE and untreated mice were evaluated for HMGB1 expression by immunostaining and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). For in vitro studies, human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC) were treated with hyperosmolar media, toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, or proinflammatory cytokines to determine HMGB1 expression. HCEC were also treated with human recombinant HMGB1 (hrHMGB1) alone or in combination with inflammatory stimuli, and TNFα, IL-6, and IL-8 expression evaluated by qPCR and ELISA. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 nuclear translocation was determined by immunostaining. Results EDE mice had higher corneal HMGB1 RNA and protein expression compared to untreated animals. In HCEC, hyperosmolar stress and TNFα treatment stimulated HMGB1 production and secretion into culture supernatants. However, in vitro stimulation with hrHMGB1 did not induce secretion of TNFα, IL-6, or IL-8 or NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. In addition, the inflammatory response elicited by TLR agonists fibroblast-stimulating lipopeptide-1 and lipopolysaccharide was not enhanced by hrHMGB1 treatment. Conclusions HMGB1 expression was enhanced by dry eye conditions in vivo as well as in vitro, during hyperosmolar stress and cytokine exposure, suggesting an important role for HMGB1 in dry eye disease. However, no direct inflammatory effect was observed with HMGB1 treatment. Therefore, under these conditions, HMGB1 does not contribute directly to dry eye-induced inflammation and its function at the ocular surface needs to be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Lema
- The Ocular Surface Institute, University of Houston, College of Optometry, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Rose Y Reins
- The Ocular Surface Institute, University of Houston, College of Optometry, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Rachel L Redfern
- The Ocular Surface Institute, University of Houston, College of Optometry, Houston, Texas, United States
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Abstract
The cornea must maintain homeostasis, enabling rapid response to injury and microbial insult, to protect the eye from insult and infection. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critical to this innate immune response through the recognition and response to pathogens. Myeloid differentiation primary response (MyD88) is a key signaling molecule necessary for Toll-like receptor (TLR) and interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R)-mediated immune defense and has been shown to be necessary for corneal defense during infection. Here, we examined the intrinsic role of TLR signaling in ocular surface tissues by determining baseline levels of inflammatory mediators, the response to mechanical stimuli, and corneal infection in MyD88-deficient mice (MyD88-/-). In addition, cytokine, chemokine, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression was determined in ocular surface cells exposed to a panel of TLR agonists. Compared to wild-type (WT) animals, MyD88-/- mice expressed lower MMP-9 levels in the cornea and conjunctiva. Corneal IL-1α, TNFα, and conjunctival IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-9 levels were also significantly reduced. Additionally, CXCL1 and RANTES expression was lower in both MyD88-/- tissues compared to WT and IL-1R-/- mice. Interestingly, MyD88-/- mice had lower corneal sensitivities (1.01±0.31 gm/mm2) than both WT (0.59±0.16 gm/mm2) and IL-1R-/- (0.52±0.08 gm/mm2). Following Pseudomonas aeruginosa challenge, MyD88-/- mice had better clinical scores (0.5±0.0) compared to IL-1R-/- (1.5±0.6) and WT (2.3±0.3) animals, but had significantly more corneal bacterial isolates. However, no signs of infection were detected in inoculated uninjured corneas from either MyD88 or IL-1R-deficient mice. This work furthers our understanding of the importance of TLR signaling in corneal defense and immune homeostasis, showing that a lack of MyD88 may compromise the baseline innate response to insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Y. Reins
- The Ocular Surface Institute, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Justin Courson
- The Ocular Surface Institute, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Carolina Lema
- The Ocular Surface Institute, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Rachel L. Redfern
- The Ocular Surface Institute, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Santiago-Vázquez Y, Das U, Varela-Ramirez A, Baca ST, Ayala-Marin Y, Lema C, Das S, Baryyan A, Dimmock JR, Aguilera RJ. Tumor-selective cytotoxicity of a novel pentadiene analogue on human leukemia/ lymphoma cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 3:138-146. [PMID: 27857884 DOI: 10.2174/2212697x03666160830165250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A novel series of structurally divergent 1,5-diaryl-3-oxo-1,4-pentadiene analogues 1-10 displayed marked cytotoxic potencies towards a number of human leukemia/lymphoma cells. OBJECTIVE To identify novel selective cytotoxic compounds that induce apoptosis. METHODS The Differential Nuclear Staining (DNS) screening protocol was utilized to measure the cytotoxicity of all experimental dienones on several cancerous cells. Additionally, the selective cytotoxicity index was calculated by comparing the dienone's cytotoxicity between leukemia/lymphoma cells vs. non-cancerous cells. Furthermore, to discern whether a selected dienone induced cell death via apoptosis or necrosis on T-lymphocyte leukemia cells, diverse approaches were utilized to detect individual biochemical facets of apoptosis. RESULTS The dienones were tested for their anti-neoplastic efficiency on human leukemia/lymphoma-derived cell lines. Special emphasis was applied on dienone 1, on the basis of its sub-micromolar cytotoxicity (CC50=0.43+0.02 μM) and high selective cytotoxicity index (11.1) exerted on T-leukemia cells. In general, dienone 1 showed the most potent cytotoxic properties as compared to other dienones and a related reference cytotoxin curcumin as well as the EF-24 curcumin analogue. Dienone 1 caused cell death by apoptosis in Jurkat cells as evidenced by inducing phosphatidylserine externalization, mitochondrial depolarization and caspase-3/7. These effects were mainly attributed to the induction of apoptotic pathways. CONCLUSION The novel dienone 1 was found to exhibit potent anti-leukemia activity by inducing programmed cell death/apoptosis. Consequently, dionone 1 should be developed further to examine its potential efficacy to combat malignancies in a pre-clinical animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahaira Santiago-Vázquez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bioscience Research Building, Border Biomedical Research Center, Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Core Facility, University of Texas at El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA
| | - Umashankar Das
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Armando Varela-Ramirez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bioscience Research Building, Border Biomedical Research Center, Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Core Facility, University of Texas at El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA
| | - Sarah T Baca
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bioscience Research Building, Border Biomedical Research Center, Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Core Facility, University of Texas at El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA
| | - Yoshira Ayala-Marin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bioscience Research Building, Border Biomedical Research Center, Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Core Facility, University of Texas at El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA
| | - Carolina Lema
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bioscience Research Building, Border Biomedical Research Center, Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Core Facility, University of Texas at El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA; College of Optometry, University of Houston, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Swagatika Das
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Alaa Baryyan
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Jonathan R Dimmock
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Renato J Aguilera
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bioscience Research Building, Border Biomedical Research Center, Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Core Facility, University of Texas at El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA
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12
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Herrera LJ, Brand S, Santos A, Nohara LL, Harrison J, Norcross NR, Thompson S, Smith V, Lema C, Varela-Ramirez A, Gilbert IH, Almeida IC, Maldonado RA. Validation of N-myristoyltransferase as Potential Chemotherapeutic Target in Mammal-Dwelling Stages of Trypanosoma cruzi. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004540. [PMID: 27128971 PMCID: PMC4851402 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trypanosoma cruzi causes Chagas disease, an endemic and debilitating illness in Latin America. Lately, owing to extensive population movements, this neglected tropical disease has become a global health concern. The two clinically available drugs for the chemotherapy of Chagas disease have rather high toxicity and limited efficacy in the chronic phase of the disease, and may induce parasite resistance. The development of new anti-T. cruzi agents is therefore imperative. The enzyme N-myristoyltransferase (NMT) has recently been biochemically characterized, shown to be essential in Leishmania major, Trypanosoma brucei, and T. cruzi¸ and proposed as promising chemotherapeutic target in these trypanosomatids. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here, using high-content imaging we assayed eight known trypanosomatid NMT inhibitors, against mammal-dwelling intracellular amastigote and trypomastigote stages and demonstrated that three of them (compounds 1, 5, and 8) have potent anti-proliferative effect at submicromolar concentrations against T. cruzi, with very low toxicity against human epithelial cells. Moreover, metabolic labeling using myristic acid, azide showed a considerable decrease in the myristoylation of proteins in parasites treated with NMT inhibitors, providing evidence of the on-target activity of the inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Taken together, our data point out to the potential use of NMT inhibitors as anti-T. cruzi chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda J. Herrera
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Stephen Brand
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Sir James Black Centre, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Andres Santos
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lilian L. Nohara
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Justin Harrison
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Sir James Black Centre, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Neil R. Norcross
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Sir James Black Centre, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Thompson
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Sir James Black Centre, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Smith
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Sir James Black Centre, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Carolina Lema
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Armando Varela-Ramirez
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ian H. Gilbert
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Sir James Black Centre, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Igor C. Almeida
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Rosa A. Maldonado
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
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13
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Gonzalez H, Lema C, Kirken RA, Maldonado RA, Varela-Ramirez A, Aguilera RJ. Arsenic-exposed Keratinocytes Exhibit Differential microRNAs Expression Profile; Potential Implication of miR-21, miR-200a and miR-141 in Melanoma Pathway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 2:138-147. [PMID: 27054085 DOI: 10.2174/2212697x02666150629174704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to arsenic has been linked to cancer in different organs and tissues, including skin. Here, non-malignant human keratinocytes (HaCaT) were exposed to arsenic and its effects on microRNAs (miRNAs; miR) expression were analyzed via miRCURY LNA array analyses. A total of 30 miRNAs were found differentially expressed in arsenic-treated cells, as compared to untreated controls. Among the up-regulated miRNAs, miR-21, miR-200a and miR-141, are well known to be involved in carcinogenesis. Additional findings confirmed that those three miRNAs were indeed up-regulated in arsenic-stimulated keratinocytes as demonstrated by quantitative PCR assay. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis of both potential cancer-related pathways and targeted genes affected by miR-21, miR-200a and/or miR-141 was performed. Results revealed that miR-21, miR-200a and miR-141 are implicated in skin carcinogenesis related with melanoma development. Conclusively, our results indicate that arsenic-treated keratinocytes exhibited alteration in the miRNAs expression profile and that miR-21, miR-200a and miR-141 could be promising early biomarkers of the epithelial phenotype of cancer cells and they could be potential novel targets for melanoma therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horacio Gonzalez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, the University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave. El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA
| | - Carolina Lema
- Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, the University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA; College of Optometry, University of Houston, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
| | - Robert A Kirken
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, the University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave. El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA
| | - Rosa A Maldonado
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, the University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave. El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA
| | - Armando Varela-Ramirez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, the University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave. El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA; Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, the University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA
| | - Renato J Aguilera
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, the University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave. El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA; Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, the University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA
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14
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Redfern RL, Barabino S, Baxter J, Lema C, McDermott AM. Dry eye modulates the expression of toll-like receptors on the ocular surface. Exp Eye Res 2015; 134:80-9. [PMID: 25817729 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2015.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to determine if toll-like receptor (TLR) expression is modulated in response to dry eye-associated conditions and in dry eye syndrome (DES). Primary human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC), an SV40 HCEC cell line or a normal human conjunctival epithelial cell line (IOBA-NHC) were cultured under hyperosmolar stress (HOS) (400-500 mOsm/kg) or with DES associated cytokines (IL-1α/β, TNFα or TGFβ) at concentrations ranging from 1 to 1000 ng/ml for up to 24 h. Epithelial cells were harvested from a human cornea organ culture model following 24 h of desiccation. Conjunctival impression cytology samples were harvested from subjects with DES and age and gender-matched normal subjects. TLR4, TLR5 or TLR9 mRNA or protein was examined by quantitative RT-PCR, western blotting or flow cytometry. TLR functionality was evaluated in terms of addition of TLR agonists and quantitation of secreted inflammatory cytokines by the use of ELISA and Luminex assays. In SV40 HCEC, HOS significantly increased TLR4 by 8.18 fold, decreased TLR9 by 0.58 fold, but had no effect on TLR5 mRNA expression. TLR4 and TLR9 protein were decreased by 67.7% and 72% respectively. TLR4 mRNA was also significantly up-regulated by up to 9.70 and 3.36 fold in primary HCEC and IOBA-NHC respectively. DES associated cytokines had no effect on TLR4, TLR5 and TLR9 expression. In response to desiccation, TLR4 and TLR5 mRNA were significantly up-regulated by 4.81 and 2.51 fold respectively, while TLR9 mRNA was down-regulated by 0.86 fold in HCEC. A similar trend for TLR4 and TLR9 protein was observed. TLR9 mRNA was significantly down-regulated by almost 59.5% in DES subjects. In conclusion, changes in TLR expression occur in dry eye and could have an important role in ocular surface susceptibility to inflammation and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Redfern
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, The Ocular Surface Institute (TOSI), Houston, TX 77204, USA.
| | - Stefano Barabino
- Clinica Oculistica, Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, and Genetics University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Jessica Baxter
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, The Ocular Surface Institute (TOSI), Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Carolina Lema
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, The Ocular Surface Institute (TOSI), Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Alison M McDermott
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, The Ocular Surface Institute (TOSI), Houston, TX 77204, USA
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15
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Nunes LM, Robles-Escajeda E, Santiago-Vazquez Y, Ortega NM, Lema C, Muro A, Almodovar G, Das U, Das S, Dimmock JR, Aguilera RJ, Varela-Ramirez A. The gender of cell lines matters when screening for novel anti-cancer drugs. AAPS J 2014; 16:872-4. [PMID: 24875051 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-014-9617-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Current reports indicated that the gender origin of cells is important in all facets of experimental biology. To explore this matter using an anticancer high throughput screening platform, seven male- and seven female-derived human cell lines, six from cancer patients in each group, were exposed to 81 novel cytotoxins. In this screen, the findings revealed that 79 out of 81 of the compounds consistently inflicted higher levels of toxicity towards male derived cells, emphasizing that there is indeed a gender-related difference in cell sensitivity to these anti-neoplastic agents. This gender-related drug sensitivity and toxicity explored at the molecular and cellular level emerged from a drug discovery enterprise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa M Nunes
- Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Core Facility & Border Biomedical Research Center & Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas, 79968-0519, USA
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16
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Torres C, Lema C, Dohmen FG, Beltran F, Novaro L, Russo S, Freire MC, Velasco-Villa A, Mbayed VA, Cisterna DM. Phylodynamics of vampire bat-transmitted rabies in Argentina. Mol Ecol 2014; 23:2340-2352. [PMID: 24661865 PMCID: PMC4870601 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Common vampire bat populations distributed from Mexico to Argentina are important rabies reservoir hosts in Latin America. The aim of this work was to analyse the population structure of the rabies virus (RABV) variants associated with vampire bats in the Americas and to study their phylodynamic pattern within Argentina. The phylogenetic analysis based on all available vampire bat-related N gene sequences showed both a geographical and a temporal structure. The two largest groups of RABV variants from Argentina were isolated from northwestern Argentina and from the central western zone of northeastern Argentina, corresponding to livestock areas with different climatic, topographic and biogeographical conditions, which determined their dissemination and evolutionary patterns. In addition, multiple introductions of the infection into Argentina, possibly from Brazil, were detected. The phylodynamic analysis suggests that RABV transmission dynamics is characterized by initial epizootic waves followed by local enzootic cycles with variable persistence. Anthropogenic interventions in the ecosystem should be assessed taking into account not only the environmental impact but also the potential risk of disease spreading through dissemination of current RABV lineages or the emergence of novel ones associated with vampire bats.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Torres
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 956, 4° piso, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
- CONICET, Av. Rivadavia 1917, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1033AAJ, Argentina
| | - C Lema
- Servicio de Neurovirosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS) "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán," Av.Velez Sarsfield 563, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1282AFF, Argentina
| | - F Gury Dohmen
- Instituto de Zoonosis "Dr. Luis Pasteur", Av Díaz Vélez 4821 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1405DCD, Argentina
| | - F Beltran
- Instituto de Zoonosis "Dr. Luis Pasteur", Av Díaz Vélez 4821 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1405DCD, Argentina
| | - L Novaro
- DILAB, SENASA, Av. Paseo Colon 367, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1063ACD, Argentina
| | - S Russo
- DILAB, SENASA, Av. Paseo Colon 367, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1063ACD, Argentina
| | - M C Freire
- Servicio de Neurovirosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS) "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán," Av.Velez Sarsfield 563, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1282AFF, Argentina
| | - A Velasco-Villa
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
| | - V A Mbayed
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 956, 4° piso, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
- CONICET, Av. Rivadavia 1917, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1033AAJ, Argentina
| | - D M Cisterna
- Servicio de Neurovirosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS) "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán," Av.Velez Sarsfield 563, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1282AFF, Argentina
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17
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Santiago-Vazquez Y, Das S, Das U, Robles-Escajeda E, Ortega NM, Lema C, Varela-Ramírez A, Aguilera RJ, Balzarini J, De Clercq E, Dimmock SG, Gorecki DKJ, Dimmock JR. Novel 3,5-bis(arylidene)-4-oxo-1-piperidinyl dimers: structure-activity relationships and potent antileukemic and antilymphoma cytotoxicity. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 77:315-22. [PMID: 24657568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Novel clusters of 3,5-bis(benzylidene)-4-oxo-1-piperidinyl dimers 3-5 were evaluated against human Molt4/C8 and CEM T-lymphocytes and human HeLa cervix adenocarcinoma cells as well as murine L1210 leukemia neoplasms. Several of these compounds demonstrated IC50 values in the submicromolar and low micromolar range and compounds possessing 4-fluoro, 4-chloro and 3,4,5-trimethoxy substituents in the series 3 and 4 were identified as potent molecules. A heat map revealed the very high cytotoxic potencies of representative compounds against a number of additional leukemic and lymphoma cell lines and displayed greater toxicity to these cells than nonmalignant MCF10A and Hs-27 neoplasms. These dienones are more refractory to breast and prostate cancers. The evaluation of representative compounds in series 3-5 against a panel of human cancer cell lines revealed them to be potent cytotoxins with average IC50 values ranging from 0.05 to 8.51 μM. In particular, the most potent compound 4g demonstrated over 382-fold and 590-fold greater average cytotoxic potencies in this screen than the reference drugs, melphalan and 5-fluorouracil, respectively. A mode of action investigation of two representative compounds 3f and 4f indicated that they induce apoptosis which is due, at least in part, to the activation of caspase-3 and depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahaira Santiago-Vazquez
- Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA
| | - Swagatika Das
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Umashankar Das
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada.
| | - Elisa Robles-Escajeda
- Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA
| | - Nora M Ortega
- Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA
| | - Carolina Lema
- Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA
| | - Armando Varela-Ramírez
- Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA
| | - Renato J Aguilera
- Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA.
| | - Jan Balzarini
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erik De Clercq
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephen G Dimmock
- Department of Finance, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Dennis K J Gorecki
- Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA
| | - Jonathan R Dimmock
- Cytometry, Screening and Imaging Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA
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18
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Pedroza DA, De Leon F, Varela-Ramirez A, Lema C, Aguilera RJ, Mito S. The cytotoxic effect of 2-acylated-1,4-naphthohydroquinones on leukemia/lymphoma cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:842-7. [PMID: 24368029 PMCID: PMC4215946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Here, we tested seven 2-acylated-1,4-hydronaphthoquinones for their cytotoxic effects on a panel of cancer lymphoma/leukemia cells and compared to a non-cancer origin cell line. Several naphthohydroquinones exhibited selective cytotoxic effects on lymphoma/leukemia cells with lowest activity on non-cancer cells. The mode of cell death induced by an acylated naphthohydroquinone, which has a long alkyl chain, was found to be via apoptosis. Furthermore, the naphthohydroquinone provoked mitochondria depolarization and activation of its downstream effector, caspase-3, thus implicating the intrinsic apoptotic pathway as its mechanism to exert cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Pedroza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Fernando De Leon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Armando Varela-Ramirez
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Carolina Lema
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Renato J Aguilera
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
| | - Shizue Mito
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
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19
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Oldham ED, Seelam S, Lema C, Aguilera RJ, Fiegel J, Rankin SE, Knutson BL, Lehmler HJ. Synthesis, surface properties, and biocompatibility of 1,2,3-triazole-containing alkyl β-D-xylopyranoside surfactants. Carbohydr Res 2013; 379:68-77. [PMID: 23872788 PMCID: PMC3764597 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We are interested in the development of surfactants derived from hemicellulosic biomass, as they are potential components in pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and other detergents. Such surfactants should exhibit low toxicity in mammalian cells. In this study we synthesized a series of alkyl or fluoroalkyl β-xylopyranosides from azides and an alkyne using the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne (CuAAC) 'click' reaction in 4 steps from xylose. The purified products were evaluated for both their surfactant properties, and for their biocompatibility. Unlike other carbohydrate-based surfactants, liquid-crystalline behavior was not observed by differential scanning calorimetry. The triazole-containing β-xylopyranosides with short (6 carbons) and long (>12 carbons) chains exhibited no toxicity at concentrations ranging from 1 to 1000 μM. Triazole-containing β-xylopyranosides with 8, 10, or 12 carbons caused toxicity via apoptosis, with CC50 values ranging from 26-890 μM. The two longest chain compounds did form stable monolayers at the air-water interface over a range of temperatures, although a brief transition to an the unstable monolayer was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Davis Oldham
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University
of Iowa, UI Research Park, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Srivenu Seelam
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of
Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Carolina Lema
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biosciences Research Building,
University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Renato J. Aguilera
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biosciences Research Building,
University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Jennifer Fiegel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics,
College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of
Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242
| | - Stephen E. Rankin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of
Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Barbara L. Knutson
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of
Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University
of Iowa, UI Research Park, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University
of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
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20
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Xu W, Osei-Prempeh G, Lema C, Davis Oldham E, Aguilera RJ, Parkin S, Rankin SE, Knutson BL, Lehmler HJ. Synthesis, thermal properties, and cytotoxicity evaluation of hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon alkyl β-D-xylopyranoside surfactants. Carbohydr Res 2011; 349:12-23. [PMID: 22207000 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Alkyl β-d-xylopyranosides are highly surface active, biodegradable surfactants that can be prepared from hemicelluloses and are of interest for use as pharmaceuticals, detergents, agrochemicals, and personal care products. To gain further insights into their structure-property and structure-activity relationships, the present study synthesized a series of hydrocarbon (-C(6)H(13) to -C(16)H(33)) and fluorocarbon (-(CH(2))(2)C(6)F(13)) alkyl β-d-xylopyranosides in four steps from d-xylose by acylation or benzoylation, bromination, Koenigs-Knorr reaction, and hydrolysis, with the benzoyl protecting group giving better yields compared to the acyl group in the Koenigs-Knorr reaction. All alkyl β-d-xylopyranosides formed thermotropic liquid crystals. The phase transition of the solid crystalline phase to a liquid crystalline phase increased linearly with the length of the hydrophobic tail. The clearing points were near constant for alkyl β-d-xylopyranosides with a hydrophobic tail ⩾8, but occurred at a significantly lower temperature for hexyl β-d-xylopyranoside. Short and long-chain alkyl β-d-xylopyranosides displayed no cytotoxicity at concentration below their aqueous solubility limit. Hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon alkyl β-d-xylopyranosides with intermediate chain length displayed some toxicity at millimolar concentrations due to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, UI Research Park, 124 IREH, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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21
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Das S, Das U, Varela-Ramírez A, Lema C, Aguilera RJ, Balzarini J, De Clercq E, Dimmock SG, Gorecki DKJ, Dimmock JR. Bis[3,5-bis(benzylidene)-4-oxo-1-piperidinyl]amides: a novel class of potent cytotoxins. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:1892-9. [PMID: 21826795 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The principal objective of this study was the examination of the theory of cytotoxic synergism. In this exploratory study, we tested the hypothesis that doubling the number of sites available for thiol alkylation in a series of candidate cytotoxins increases potency more than two-fold. This concept was verified in one-third of our comparisons using human Molt 4/C8 and CEM T-lymphocytes and murine L1210 cells. In addition, the significant potencies of various members of our compound series justified further studies. Molecular modeling revealed that relative locations of the amidic groups correlate with cytotoxicity. A potent cytotoxic compound, 1,2-bis(3,5-dibenzylidene-4-oxo-piperidin-1-yl)ethane-1,2-dione (1a) inhibited the growth of a large number of human tumor cell lines and displayed greater toxicity toward certain non-adherent cells than toward adherent neoplasms or fibroblasts. The mode of action of 1a includes induction of apoptosis and necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagatika Das
- Drug Design & Discovery Research Group, College of Pharmacy & Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 216 Thorvaldson, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
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22
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Lema C, Cunningham MJ. MicroRNAs and their implications in toxicological research. Toxicol Lett 2010; 198:100-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2010] [Revised: 06/24/2010] [Accepted: 06/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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23
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Martínez A, Rajapakse CS, Varela-Ramírez A, Lema C, Aguilera RJ, Sánchez-Delgado RA. Arene-Ru(II)-chloroquine complexes interact with DNA, induce apoptosis on human lymphoid cell lines and display low toxicity to normal mammalian cells. J Inorg Biochem 2010; 104:967-77. [PMID: 20605217 PMCID: PMC2910123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Revised: 05/06/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The complexes [Ru(eta(6)-p-cymene)(CQ)Cl(2)] (1), [Ru(eta(6)-benzene)(CQ)Cl(2)] (2), [Ru(eta(6)-p-cymene)(CQ)(H(2)O)(2)][BF(4)](2) (3), [Ru(eta(6)-p-cymene)(en)(CQ)][PF(6)](2) (4), [Ru(eta(6)-p-cymene)(eta(6)-CQDP)][BF(4)](2) (5) (CQ = chloroquine base; CQDP = chloroquine diphosphate; en = ethylenediamine) interact with DNA to a comparable extent to that of CQ and in analogous intercalative manner with no evidence for any direct contribution of the metal, as shown by spectrophotometric and fluorimetric titrations, thermal denaturation measurements, circular dichroism spectroscopy and electrophoresis mobility shift assays. Complexes 1-5 induced cytotoxicity in Jurkat and SUP-T1 cancer cells primarily via apoptosis. Despite the similarities in the DNA binding behavior of complexes 1-5 with those of CQ the antitumor properties of the metal drugs do not correlate with those of CQ, indicating that DNA is not the principal target in the mechanism of cytotoxicity of these compounds. Importantly, the Ru-CQ complexes are generally less toxic toward normal mouse splenocytes and human foreskin fibroblast cells than the standard antimalarial drug CQDP and therefore this type of compound shows promise for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Martínez
- Chemistry Department, Brooklyn College and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11210
| | - Chandima S.K. Rajapakse
- Chemistry Department, Brooklyn College and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11210
| | - Armando Varela-Ramírez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biosciences Research Building, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968
| | - Carolina Lema
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biosciences Research Building, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968
| | - Renato J. Aguilera
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biosciences Research Building, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968
| | - Roberto A. Sánchez-Delgado
- Chemistry Department, Brooklyn College and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11210
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Nohara LL, Lema C, Bader JO, Aguilera RJ, Almeida IC. High-content imaging for automated determination of host-cell infection rate by the intracellular parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Parasitol Int 2010; 59:565-70. [PMID: 20688189 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2010.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2010] [Revised: 07/17/2010] [Accepted: 07/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease affects 8-11 million people, mostly in Latin America. Sequelae include cardiac, peripheral nervous and/or gastrointestinal disorders, thus placing a large economic and social burden on endemic countries. The pathogenesis and the evolutive pattern of the disease are not fully clarified. Moreover, available drugs are partially effective and toxic, and there is no vaccine. Therefore, there is an urgent need to speed up basic and translational research in the field. Here, we applied automated high-content imaging to generate multiparametric data on a cell-by-cell basis to precisely and quickly determine several parameters associated with in vitro infection of host cell by Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. Automated and manual quantifications were used to determine the percentage of T. cruzi-infected cells in a 96-well microplate format and the data generated was statistically evaluated. Most importantly, this automated approach can be widely applied for discovery of potential drugs as well as molecular pathway elucidation not only in T. cruzi but also in other human intracellular pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Nohara
- The Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA
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25
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freire M, Caparelli M, Jimenez SG, Cisterna D, Vizzotti C, Lema C, Gentile A. Public health approach after detection of an iVDPV case in Argentina. Int J Infect Dis 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Abstract
DNA is the most accessible biologic material for obtaining information from the human genome because of its molecular stability and its presence in every nucleated cell. Currently, single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping and DNA methylation are the main DNA-based approaches to deriving genomic and epigenomic disease biomarkers. Upon the discontinuation of the Schleicher & Schuell IsoCode product (Dassel, Germany), which was a treated paper system to elute DNA from several biologic sources for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, a high-yielding DNA elution method was imperative. We describe here an improved procedure of the not fully validated Whatman pH-based elution protocol. Our DNA elution procedure from buccal cells collected in Whatman FTA cards (Whatman Inc., Florham Park, NJ) yielded approximately 4 microg of DNA from a 6-mm FTA card punch and was successfully applied for HLA-DQB1 genotyping. The genotypes showed complete concordance with data obtained from blood of the same subjects. The achieved high DNA yield from buccal cells suggests a potential cost-effective tool for genomic and epigenomic disease biomarkers development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Lema
- Life Sciences and Health Group, Houston Advanced Research Center, The Woodlands, Texas 77381, USA
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27
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Lema C, Fuessel-Haws AL, Lewis LR, Rady PL, Lee P, Turbat-Herrera EA, He Q, Nguyen LT, Tyring SK, Dao DD. Association between HLA-DQB1 and cervical dysplasia in Vietnamese women. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2006; 16:1269-77. [PMID: 16803516 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2006.00459.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Host genetic background seems to play a key role in cervical carcinogenesis as only a small subset of women infected with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) develop cervical cancer. The rate of cervical cancer in Vietnamese women is notably high. To explore the association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQB1 alleles, HPV infection, and cervical dysplasia in this population, cervical smears were obtained from 101 women attending the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of Da Nang General Hospital in Vietnam. Besides the Papanicolaou test, HPV and HLA-DQB1 genotyping were performed using cervical smear DNA. Additionally, a subset of 30 blood samples was used as the gold standard for HLA genotyping. HLA-DQB1 alleles showed no association with HPV infection status. However, a positive association with cervical dysplasia was found for HLA-DQB1*0302 (P= 0.0229, relative risk (RR) = 4.737) and HLA-DQB1*0601 (P= 0.0370, RR = 4.038), whereas HLA-DQB1*0301 (P= 0.0152, RR = 0.221) was found negatively associated. The low diversity of HLA-DQB1 alleles, wide spectrum of HPV genotypes, and high prevalence of HPV 16 and HPV 18 observed in the study population suggest a permissive/susceptible genetic background that deserves further research. Total concordance of HLA-DQB1 genotyping results between blood and cervical cells confirms the potential value of cervical smears as an effective tool for the development of cervical cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lema
- Life Sciences & Health Group, Houston Advanced Research Center, 4800 Research Forest Drive, The Woodlands, TX 77381, USA
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28
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Lema C, Fuessel-Haws AL, Lewis LR, Rady PL, Lee P, Turbat-Herrera EA, He Q, Nguyen LT, Tyring SK, Dao DD. Association between HLA-DQB1 and cervical dysplasia in Vietnamese women. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2006. [DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200605000-00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Host genetic background seems to play a key role in cervical carcinogenesis as only a small subset of women infected with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) develop cervical cancer. The rate of cervical cancer in Vietnamese women is notably high. To explore the association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQB1 alleles, HPV infection, and cervical dysplasia in this population, cervical smears were obtained from 101 women attending the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of Da Nang General Hospital in Vietnam. Besides the Papanicolaou test, HPV and HLA-DQB1 genotyping were performed using cervical smear DNA. Additionally, a subset of 30 blood samples was used as the gold standard for HLA genotyping. HLA-DQB1 alleles showed no association with HPV infection status. However, a positive association with cervical dysplasia was found for HLA-DQB1*0302 (P = 0.0229, relative risk (RR) = 4.737) and HLA-DQB1*0601 (P = 0.0370, RR = 4.038), whereas HLA-DQB1*0301 (P = 0.0152, RR = 0.221) was found negatively associated. The low diversity of HLA-DQB1 alleles, wide spectrum of HPV genotypes, and high prevalence of HPV 16 and HPV 18 observed in the study population suggest a permissive/susceptible genetic background that deserves further research. Total concordance of HLA-DQB1 genotyping results between blood and cervical cells confirms the potential value of cervical smears as an effective tool for the development of cervical cancer biomarkers.
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Flayhart D, Lema C, Walther R, Carroll K. Enhanced detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus using chromogenic media compared to traditional culture methods. Am J Infect Control 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2005.04.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Dao DD, Sierra-Torres CH, Robazetti SC, de Gomez MN, König R, Lema C, Lester LJ, Au WW, Tyring SK. HLA-DQB1 and cervical cancer in Venezuelan women. Gynecol Oncol 2005; 96:349-54. [PMID: 15661220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2004.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer represents a major health problem in Venezuela as well as in other Latin American countries. High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is known as the major risk factor of cervical cancer. However, whether or not a HR-HPV-infected woman progresses to cervical cancer may depend on the immune system effectors induced by viral antigens presented by her specific human leukocyte antigens (HLA) alleles. The role of the HLA system in presenting peptides to antigen-specific T-cells may be critical for genetic susceptibility and genetic resistance to cervical carcinoma. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the relationship between HLA-DQB1, HPV infection, and cervical cancer in Venezuelan women. METHODS Blood samples and cervical swabs were obtained from 36 patients and 79 healthy controls; additional cervical biopsies were obtained from all the patients. HPV DNA was detected by PCR and HLA-DQB1 genotyping was performed using a PCR-SSP protocol. RESULTS.: A positive association with cervical cancer was observed for HLA-DQB1*0201-0202 and *0402 alleles, however after Bonferroni correction only HLA-DQB1*0402 remained statistically significant (P value = 0.004, RR = 5.067). CONCLUSION This is the first report of HLA-DQB1 alleles associated with cervical carcinoma in Venezuelan women. Larger studies are needed to assess whether these HLA-DQB1*0201-0202 and *0402 alleles have a direct effect on disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dat D Dao
- Houston Advanced Research Center (HARC), The Woodlands, TX 77381, USA
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Sonoda J, Koriyama C, Yamamoto S, Kozako T, Li HC, Lema C, Yashiki S, Fujiyoshi T, Yoshinaga M, Nagata Y, Akiba S, Takezaki T, Yamada K, Sonoda S. HTLV-1 provirus load in peripheral blood lymphocytes of HTLV-1 carriers is diminished by green tea drinking. Cancer Sci 2004; 95:596-601. [PMID: 15245597 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2004.tb02493.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is causatively associated with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Since a high level of HTLV-1 provirus load in circulating lymphocytes is thought to be a risk for ATL and HAM/TSP, diminution of HTLV-1 provirus load in the circulation may prevent these intractable diseases. Our previous study (Jpn J Cancer Res 2000; 91: 34-40) demonstrated that green tea polyphenols inhibit in vitro growth of ATL cells, as well as HTLV-1-infected T-cells. The present study aimed to investigate the in vivo effect of green tea polyphenols on HTLV-1 provirus load in peripheral blood lymphocytes on HTLV-1 carriers. We recruited 83 asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers to examine HTLV-1 provirus DNA with or without administration of capsulated green tea extract powder. Thirty-seven subjects were followed up for 5 months by measuring HTLV-1 provirus load after daily intake of 9 capsules of green tea extract powder per day (equivalent to 10 cups of regular green tea), and 46 subjects lived ad libitum without intake of any green tea capsule. The real-time PCR quantification of HTLV-1 DNA revealed a wide range of variation of HTLV-1 provirus load among asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers (0.2-200.2 copies of HTLV-1 provirus load per 1000 peripheral blood lymphocytes). Daily intake of the capsulated green tea for 5 months significantly diminished the HTLV-1 provirus load as compared with the controls (P = 0.031). These results suggest that green tea drinking suppresses proliferation of HTLV-1-infected lymphocytes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichiro Sonoda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
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Cervantes J, Lema C, Valentina Hurtado L, Andrade R, Hurtado Gomez L, Torrico L, Zegarra L, Quiroga G, Asturizaga D, Dulon A, Prada R, Panoso W, Yashiki S, Fujiyoshi T, Sonoda S. HLA-DRB1*1602 allele is positively associated with HPV cervical infection in Bolivian Andean women. Hum Immunol 2003; 64:890-5. [PMID: 12941545 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(03)00163-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Incidence of cervical cancer is high among Bolivian Andean women. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is known as the major risk factor of cervical cancer. The host immune system plays an important role in the outcome of HPV infection and associated malignancies. In order to study the immunogenetic background of Bolivian Andean women with regard to HPV infection status, we compared HLA class I and class II allele frequencies between 37 HPV positive and 68 HPV negative Bolivian women. Demographic variables, including distribution of Andean ethnicities, were similar in both groups. Comparison of HLA class I allele frequencies between both groups indicated no significant difference. In contrast, HLA class II DRB1*1602 allele, an Amerindian allele, was significantly higher in the HPV positive women compared with HPV negative controls (chi(2) = 5.2, p < 0.05, odds ratio = 3.17; 95% confidence interval = 1.4-8.8). HPV types present in the HPV positive group were HPV-18, -16, -31, -33, and -58. These results suggest that HLA class II DRB1*1602 may confer susceptibility to infection with genetically related HPV types. This is the first report of an HLA class II association with HPV infection in an Andean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Cervantes
- Department of Virology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Cervantes J, Lema C, Hurtado L, Andrade R, Quiroga G, Garcia G, Torricos L, Zegarra L, Vera V, Panoso W, Arteaga R, Segurondo D, Romero F, Dulon A, Asturizaga D, Hurtado Gomez L, Sonoda S. Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in rural villages of the Bolivian Amazon. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2003; 45:131-5. [PMID: 12870061 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652003000300003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer constitutes a major health problem in developing countries like Bolivia. The roles of certain genotypes of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer is well established. The prevalence of HPV infection among sexually active women varies greatly. Information regarding HPV infection in Bolivia is very much scarce, specially in regions like the Amazonian lowland. We studied 135 healthy women living in four rural localities of the Bolivian Amazon. Presence of HPV in DNA extracted from cervical swabs was analyzed using a reverse line hybridization assay. The estimated overall HPV infection prevalence among the studied rural localities was 5.9% (ranging from 0-16.6%). These values were unexpectedly low considering Bolivia has a high incidence of cervical cancer. The fact that Amazonian people seem to be less exposed to HPV, makes it likely that some other risk factors including host lifestyle behaviors and genetic background may be involved in the development of cervical cancer in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Cervantes
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Arias M, Requena I, Lema C, Pereiro I, Núñez J, Villalba C. [Tuberculous myelomeningitis without vertebral involvement: diagnostic value of the MR study]. Rev Neurol 2001; 32:1196-7. [PMID: 11708258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Humans
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Male
- Myelitis/cerebrospinal fluid
- Myelitis/diagnosis
- Myelitis/pathology
- Spine/pathology
- Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System/cerebrospinal fluid
- Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System/complications
- Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System/diagnosis
- Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System/pathology
- Tuberculosis, Meningeal/cerebrospinal fluid
- Tuberculosis, Meningeal/complications
- Tuberculosis, Meningeal/diagnosis
- Tuberculosis, Meningeal/pathology
- Tuberculosis, Spinal/diagnosis
- Urinary Retention/etiology
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Arias M, Lema C, Requena I, Soto A, Pereiro I, Núñez J. [Inverted metamorphopsia: an alteration in the perception of a special situation of objects]. Neurologia 2001; 16:149-53. [PMID: 11412707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study describes the characteristics of six patients who consulted because of episodes of perceptive alteration of extrapersonal space consisting in an inversion of the situation of objects although without changes in shape or size (inverted metamorphopsia). PATIENTS Six patients (4 males and 2 females) who presented episodes of inverted metamorphopsia were studied: 4 referred right-left inversion (axial plane), 1 upwards-downwards (saggital plane) and 1 inclination of environment (clockwise movement). None had any alteration in the perception of their own bodies during the episodes which lasted from 3 minutes to 1 hour, reporting from 1 to 40 episodes. The most notable antecedents were: traumatism and forced cervical posture (2), arterial hypertension (3), migraine (2), hyperlipemia (2) and protuberantial ischemia (1). RESULTS Intercritical neurologic exploration was normal. MR study showed leukoaraiosis (4), protuberantial paramedian infarctions (1) and was normal in one case of basilar migraine. Study of vestibular function (performed in 4 cases) did not show alterations. Three patients received antiepileptic drugs (1 carbamazepine and 2 gabapentin) with favorable response. CONCLUSIONS Inverted metamorphopsia is a paroxistic phenomenon which transduces a dysfunction of the posterior parietal cortex or its afferences (propioceptive, vestibular, retinian). The causes may be multiple (traumatism, migraine, ischemia). Antiepileptic drugs may have a therapeutic role in the cases with multiple episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arias
- Sección de Neurología, CHUS, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Sonoda S, Fujiyoshi T, Yashiki S, Li HC, Lou H, Lema C. [Genetic diversity of HLA in HTLV-I infection]. Uirusu 2000; 50:37-45. [PMID: 10998977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Sonoda
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan.
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Arias M, Pereiro I, Requena I, Ventura M, Iglesias C, Lema C. [Malignant prolactinoma with intra- and extracranial metastasis: clinico-radiologic study]. An Med Interna 2000; 17:192-4. [PMID: 10893770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Malignant prolactinomas are very rare pituitary neoplasms which can be identified not from the hystopathologic nor neuroimaging aspects but only retrospectively from the presence of distant metastases. A 32-year-old male patient was diagnosed of a pituitary prolactinoma because of bitemporal hemianopsia on the basis of cranial MRI aspect and raised blood prolactin level. Visual signs improved under bromocriptine treatment but after surgical and X-ray therapies patient developed paralysis of V and XII left cranial nerves and suffered from medulocerebelous angle, vertebrae, spinal epidural space, lung, liver, suprarenal and femoral metastases. Patient died 3 years after the diagnosis time. Prolactin levels raised 2000 ng/ml. This is the first case of malignant prolactinoma described in the spanish literature and the more large one in number of metastatic localizations between the malignant prolactinomas from the literature. These kind of neoplasms can be partially ameliorated under X-ray and bromocriptine treatment but there is not, by the moment, a curative chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arias
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital de Conxo, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
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Arias M, Requena I, Lema C, Navarro C. [Subacute polyneuropathy as the initial manifestation of sarcoidosis]. Neurologia 2000; 15:88-9. [PMID: 10769541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
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Li HC, Yashiki S, Sonoda J, Lou H, Ghosh SK, Byrnes JJ, Lema C, Fujiyoshi T, Karasuyama M, Sonoda S. Green tea polyphenols induce apoptosis in vitro in peripheral blood T lymphocytes of adult T-cell leukemia patients. Jpn J Cancer Res 2000; 91:34-40. [PMID: 10744042 PMCID: PMC5926221 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2000.tb00857.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Green tea polyphenols (TEA) are known to exhibit antioxidative activity as well as tumor-suppressing activity. In order to examine the tumor-suppressing activity of TEA against adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), we cultivated peripheral blood T lymphocytes of ATL patients (ATL PBLs), an HTLV-I-infected T-cell line (KODV) and healthy controls (normal PBLs) for 3 days in the presence of TEA and its main constituent, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCg), to measure cell proliferation and apoptosis, and to quantitate mRNAs of HTLV-I pX and beta-actin genes of the cultured cells. Growth of ATL PBLs was significantly inhibited by 9-27 microg/ml of TEA and EGCg, in contrast to minimal growth inhibition of T cells of normal PBLs. Inhibition of KODV was intermediate between ATL PBLs and normal PBLs. The ATL PBLs and KODV treated with 27 microg/ml of either TEA or EGCg induced apoptotic DNA fragmentation, producing terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells, while the normal PBLs treated with the same concentration of TEA or EGCg produced a negligibly small number of TUNEL-positive cells, in which apoptotic DNA fragmentation was not detectable. Expression of HTLV-I pX mRNA was suppressed more than 90% in ATL PBLs by treatment with 3-27 microg/ml of either TEA or EGCg, while expression of beta-actin mRNA was much less suppressed by treatment with the same concentration of TEA or EGCg. These results indicate that TEA and EGCg inhibit growth of ATL PBLs, as well as HTLV-I-infected T-cells, by suppressing HTLV-I pX gene expression and inducing apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Li
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka
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Arias M, Requena I, Lema C, Pereiro I, Villalba C, Iglesias C. [Isolated hemi-ataxia as a sign of mesencephalic lacunar infarction]. Rev Neurol 1999; 29:1179-81. [PMID: 10652745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lesions of the dento-rubro-thalamo-cortical pathway may cause homolateral or contralateral hemiataxia, depending on whether they are found above or below the decussation which occurs at the level of the inferior colliculus. Most mesencephalic infarctions causing hemiataxia also show oculomotor involvement with nuclear or fascicular lesions of the third cranial nerves. This was not seen in the case we report. CLINICAL CASE We describe the case of a diabetic patient with a permanent right appendicular hemiataxia, without oculomotor involvement, caused by a lacunar infarct shown on MR imaging which was situated in the antero-external part of the left superior mesencephalum. CONCLUSIONS This case helps to clarify the topography of the thalamic radiations of the mesencephalic calotte, including the decussated superior dento-rubro-thalamic pathway to the red nucleus. Involvement of this, situated in the mesencephalic lateral vascular territory causes contralateral hemiataxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arias
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital de Conxo (CHUS), Departamento de Medicina de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, España.
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Requena I, Indakoetxea B, Lema C, Santos B, García-Castiñeira A, Arias M. [Coma associated with migraine]. Rev Neurol 1999; 29:1048-51. [PMID: 10637870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Basilar migraine is a particular form of migraine with an aura in which crises of headache are accompanied by symptoms of dysfunction in the vertebro-basilar territory, including alteration of consciousness in the form of stupor or coma. CLINICAL CASES We report four patients, three men of 14, 17 and 83 years of age and one woman of 21. All had previous histories of migraine and presented with transitory episodes of coma. During the coma, the woman woke up spontaneously with intense bulimia. In the three men, it was seen, on injecting flumazenil, that the state of consciousness and the EEG returned to normal transiently. Neuroimaging studies (CT and MR) were normal in all patients. CONCLUSIONS Migraine-coma is an exceptional, emergency condition in which structural, infectious, toxic and metabolic pathology of the Central Nervous System should be ruled out. As well as in patients with basilar migraine, the association of migraine and coma may also be seen in patients with familial hemiplegic migraine and CADASIL and MELAS syndromes. It may be that gabaergic mechanisms are involved in the theoretical dysfunction of the ascending reticular activating system causing alteration of consciousness, since in the three patients in whom flumazenil was injected, there was a response.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Requena
- Departamento de Medicina, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, España
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Arias M, Requena I, Lema C, Valdés L, Penela P, Alonso G. [Respiratory insufficiency as initial manifestation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]. Neurologia 1999; 14:469-70. [PMID: 10613025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
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Requena I, Lema C, Arias M. [From writer's cramp to butcher's spasms: a case of interprofessional dystonia]. Rev Neurol 1998; 27:513-4. [PMID: 9774831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Occupational or professional dystonia is a focal motor dystonic disorder which affect motor programs necessaries for the exercise of the patient's profession. Clinical case. A patient with writer's cramp in the childhood presented at the age of 22 years a new dystonia, which we name 'butcher's spasm', giving rise to a laboral incapacity. Neurological exam was normal except for right arm distal (writer's cramp) and proximal dystonias (butcher's cramp), with intentional tremor in the upper extremities. We classified, after complementary exams, the disease as idiopathic. CONCLUSIONS Idiopathic focal dystonias can progress to segmentary or multifocal dystonias, and, in exceptional cases as ours, can interfere with two different professional activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Requena
- Sección de Neurología, Hospital de Conxo, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, España
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Arias M, Requena I, Lema C. [Long chronic course of hemiparkinson-plus with l-dopa maintained response]. Rev Neurol 1998; 27:94-5. [PMID: 9674037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED OBJECTIVE AND CLINICAL CASE: We describe and present a video film of a patient with a hemiparkinsonian illness associated with hemidystonia and pyramidalism, which responded to continuous L-Dopa treatment for twenty years, with no fluctuation or deterioration at the end of the dose-effect. CT and MR studies were normal. CONCLUSIONS The characteristics of this case with probable static unilateral dysfunction, basically presynaptic, of the nigrostriate via, make it reasonable to include it in the hemiparkinson-hemiatrophy group.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arias
- Hospital de Conxo, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, España
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Rodríguez LA, Abad D, Gómez J, Casanova JB, Lema C. FENOTIPO KILLER: DISTRIBUCIÓN EN LA COMARCA DE LA RIBEIRA SACRA EN LAS POBLACIONES DE Saccharomyces cerevisiae KILLER PHENOTYPE: DISTRIBUTION OFSaccharomyces cerevisiaePOPULATION IN RIBEIRA SACRA COUNTY FENOTIPO KILLER: DISTRIBUCIÓN NA COMARCA DA RIBEIRA SACRA NAS POBLACIÓNS DESaccharomyces cerevisiae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/11358129809487581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lema C, Arias M, Requena I. [Dystonic pseudocamptocormia secondary to lumbar ependymoma]. Rev Neurol 1998; 26:662-3. [PMID: 9796025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Lema C, Pereira C, Cambron A, Susanne C. Women and new reproductive technologies. Glob Bioeth 1997. [DOI: 10.1080/11287462.1997.10800721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C. Lema
- Facultade de Dereito Universidad de La Coruña Campus de Elvina 15071 La Coruña Spain
| | - C. Pereira
- Facultade de Dereito Universidad de La Coruña Campus de Elvina 15071 La Coruña Spain
| | - A. Cambron
- Facultade de Dereito Universidad de La Coruña Campus de Elvina 15071 La Coruña Spain
| | - C. Susanne
- Fac. Sciences, Free University Pleinlaan 2 1050 Brussels Belgium
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Arias M, Bouzón JL, Requena I, Lema C, Ecenarro P, Pereiro I, Ventura M. [Autoscopy and multiple sclerosis]. Neurologia 1996; 11:230-2. [PMID: 8768680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A female patient with clinically defined multiple sclerosis presented episodes of audiovisual hallucinations in the form of projections of her own body image speaking to her. EEG and EEG-Holter studies were normal. MRI revealed multiple areas of hypersignals in white matter, particularly in both temporal lobes. The episodes remitted with carbamazepine therapy. We postulate that this phenomenon of autoscopy, which is unusual in multiple sclerosis, may be related to a mechanism of ephaptic transmission in the temporal lobe that is inhibited by carbamazepine, or it may be related to seizure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arias
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital de Conxo, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago
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Arias M, Requena I, Iglesias C, Núñez J, Pereiro I, Castro A, Lema C. [Pseudotumor cerebri secondary to cerebral venous defects not identified by magnetic resonance]. Rev Neurol 1996; 24:448-51. [PMID: 8721925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Pseudotumour cerebri is the name of a syndrome characterized by headache and papilloedema, with normal cerebral CT/MR studies and CSF with a high pressure and normal laboratory findings. We describe four patients who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of this condition (including normal 0.5T MR studies). They all had cerebral angiograms showing minor abnormalities localized to the level of the superior longitudinal sinus. All improved on treatment with anticoagulants and steroids. In view of these findings we consider that in cases of pseudotumour cerebri without a clear aetiological factor, an angio MR study should be done, or if this technique is not available, a cerebral angiogram should be done, to exclude cerebral venous drainage defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arias
- Sección de Neurología, Hospital de Conxo, Santiago de Compostela
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Lema C, Arias M, Requena I, Fuentes P, Villalba C, Núñez J. [Hemiballismus heralding thrombosis of the basilar artery]. Neurologia 1996; 11:79-81. [PMID: 8652197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a patient with top-of-the-basilar syndrome that was preceded by hemiballismus and progressed to coma and tetraplegia. Magnetic resonance imaging showed extensive infarction in the basilar artery territory. Cerebral angiography confirmed basilar artery obstruction. The patient died in spite of anticoagulation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lema
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital de Conxo, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña
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