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Ahuja S, G K, Zaheer S. Evaluation of Histomorphological Changes in Breast Cancer Post-Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Indian J Surg Oncol 2024; 15:236-240. [PMID: 38741627 PMCID: PMC11088595 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-024-01876-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, a leading cause of global female mortality, demands comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This study delves into the nuanced realm of post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy breast cancer specimens, emphasizing the imperative need for pathologists to discern stromal and nuclear alterations adeptly. The investigation, encompassing 100 female patients with a mean age of 47.5 years, elucidates the demographic and clinicopathological parameters. Predominantly presenting as palpable lumps (85%), invasive ductal carcinoma emerged as the predominant histological type (98%). The primary focus of the study revolves around the morphological changes post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy, with a meticulous qualitative analysis encompassing stromal elements (fibrosis, elastosis, calcification) and nuclear features (pyknosis, hyperchromasia). Notably, the response to chemotherapy, classified by the International Union against Cancer criteria, delineates a substantial pathological complete response (55%), partial response (35%), and limited non-response (10%). The therapeutic landscape includes a majority of cases undergoing extensive chemotherapy cycles, primarily featuring the cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and paclitaxel regimen. Remarkably, this investigation unveils fibrosis (63%) and elastosis/collagenization (51%) as prevalent stromal changes, while pyknosis (58%) and hyperchromasia (48%) dominate nuclear alterations. In conclusion, this retrospective study provides a comprehensive overview of post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy breast cancer specimens, shedding light on the intricate interplay of clinical parameters, treatment responses, and histopathological changes. The findings underscore the pivotal role of pathologists in accurately diagnosing and grading tumors in the evolving landscape of breast cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Ahuja
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Kiruthikasri G
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sufian Zaheer
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Wang M, Wei Z, Kong J, Zhao H. Comprehensive evaluation of the relationship between biomarker profiles and neoadjuvant chemotherapy outcomes for breast cancer patients. Diagn Pathol 2024; 19:53. [PMID: 38509525 PMCID: PMC10953119 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-024-01451-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurately predicting the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients is crucial for guiding treatment strategies and enhancing clinical outcomes. Current studies have primarily focused on a limited set of biomarkers. More importantly, the results of many studies are in conflict. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the predictive value of a diverse range of clinically available molecular biomarkers in breast cancer, including HER2, ER, PR, TOPO II, EGFR, Ki67, CK5/6, AR, and p53. Additionally, we assessed changes in these biomarkers after NAC administration. METHODS Our study involved 189 patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent NAC at our institute. We examined biomarker profiles in core-needle biopsies taken before NAC and in surgical specimens obtained after NAC. We examined the association between these biomarkers and NAC outcomes, focusing on two main aspects: the rate of pathological complete response (pCR) and the reduction in tumor size. We used Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests to compare biomarker status changes between pCR and non-pCR patients. Linear regression analysis was employed to evaluate the relationship between biomarker status and tumor shrinkage rate. Additionally, we compared the expression status of these biomarkers before and after NAC using Chi-square and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated significant differences in the expression levels of HER2, ER, PR, TOPO II, EGFR, and Ki67 between pCR and non-pCR patients, underscoring their potential as predictive markers for NAC outcomes. Importantly, our results have shed light on the contentious issue surrounding TOPO II in NAC outcome prediction. We have provided evidence that establishes a significantly positive association between TOPO II expression level and the pCR rate. Notably, tumor size was identified as a relevant predictive factor for achieving pCR. Regarding biomarker profiles, only Ki67 levels and TOPO II status exhibited changes following NAC, resolving previous controversies. While the ER and PR status remained unchanged, their expression values exhibited a slight but significant decrease post-NAC. Our results provide clarity and insights into the value and potential of using these biomarkers to predict NAC responses and prognosis in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijia Wang
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Zhendong Wei
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jixia Kong
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Haidong Zhao
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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Wang J, Zhang J, Ma Q, Zhang S, Ma F, Su W, Zhang T, Xie X, Di C. Influence of cyclin D1 splicing variants expression on breast cancer chemoresistance via CDK4/CyclinD1-pRB-E2F1 pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:991-1005. [PMID: 36915230 PMCID: PMC10064037 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 (CCND1), a mediator of cell cycle control, has a G870A polymorphism which results in the formation of two splicing variants: full-length CCND1 (CCND1a) and C-terminally truncated CCND1 species (CCND1b). However, the role of CCND1a and CCND1b variants in cancer chemoresistance remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of alternative splicing of CCND1 in breast cancer (BC) chemoresistance. To address the contribution of G870A polymorphism to the production of CCND1 variants in BC chemoresistance, we sequenced the G870A polymorphism and analysed the expressions of CCND1a and CCND1b in MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADM cells. In comparison with MCF-7 cells, MCF-7/ADM cells with the A allele could enhance alternative splicing with the increase of SC-35, upregulate the ratio of CCND1b/a at both mRNA and protein levels, and activate the CDK4/CyclinD1-pRB-E2F1 pathway. Furthermore, CCND1b expression and the downstream signalling pathway were analysed through Western blotting and cell cycle in MCF-7/ADM cells with knockdown of CCND1b. Knockdown of CCND1b downregulated the ratio of CCND1b/a, demoted cell proliferation, decelerated cell cycle progression, inhibited the CDK4/CyclinD1-pRB-E2F1 pathway and thereby decreased the chemoresistance of MCF-7/ADM cells. Finally, CCND1 G870A polymorphism, the alternative splicing of CCDN1 was detected through Sequenom Mass ARRAY platform, Sanger sequencing, semi-quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry in clinical BC specimens. The increase of the ratio of CCND1b/a caused by G870A polymorphism was involved in BC chemoresistance. Thus, these findings revealed that CCND1b/a ratio caused by the polymorphism is involved in BC chemoresistance via CDK4/CyclinD1-pRB-E2F1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- Bio‐Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical EngineeringLanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Qinglong Ma
- School of Basic Medical SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Shasha Zhang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Fengdie Ma
- School of Basic Medical SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Wei Su
- Bio‐Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
| | - Taotao Zhang
- Bio‐Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- School of Basic Medical SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Cuixia Di
- Bio‐Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
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Wang J, Zhang S, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Ma Q, Fu W, Chen X, Zhao D, Zhao M, Di C, Xie X. A novel PTEN mutant caused by polymorphism in cis-regulatory elements is involved in chemosensitivity in breast cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:86-104. [PMID: 36777516 PMCID: PMC9906080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is one of the most important tumor suppressor genes. Although studies have shown the association between cancer and genetic polymorphisms of PTEN, the underlying molecular mechanisms of breast cancer (BC) chemosensitivity that results from PTEN polymorphism is still unclear. This study aims to investigate potential links between PTEN polymorphisms in cis-regulatory elements and BC chemosensitivity in the Chinese population. A total of 172 BC patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were included in the study, including 104 chemosensitive cases and 68 chemoresistant cases. The results showed a significant association between the rs786204926 polymorphism and BC chemosensitivity. Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that age, lymph node metastasis, and the rs786204926 genotype were risk factors for BC chemoresistance. The G allele of rs786204926 is more prone to increasing the risk of chemosensitivity in BC. Additionally, analysis using Alamut Visual showed a preference of the G allele of rs786204926 to produce a novel PTEN mutant with an insertion of 18 bases from intron 4. While the transcriptional level of PTEN remained similar in chemosensitivity and chemoresistant samples, its protein level changed significantly. Interestingly, there were significant differences in both transcription and protein levels of the novel PTEN mutant between the two groups. Furthermore, we found that the mutant was more susceptible to dephosphorylation compared with wildtype PTEN, leading to chemosensitivity through the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. These findings indicate that novel PTEN mutants caused by polymorphisms in cis-regulatory elements may be involved in BC chemosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000, Gansu, China,Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Zhongliang Zhang
- Oncology Department, The First People’s Hospital of Lanzhou CityLanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Qinglong Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Wenkang Fu
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Dapeng Zhao
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Meie Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Cuixia Di
- Bio-Medical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
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Sharma S, Rathore SS, Verma V, Kalyan M, Singh N, Irshad I. Molecular Subtypes As Emerging Predictors of Clinicopathological Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NACT) in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer (LABC): A Single-Centre Experience in Western India. Cureus 2022; 14:e25229. [PMID: 35755569 PMCID: PMC9217662 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) is a subset of breast cancer characterized by the most advanced breast tumours in the absence of distant metastasis. Treatment of LABC has evolved from a single modality treatment to multimodality management. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is increasingly being used to treat patients with LABC. This study assessed tumour response after NACT using clinical changes, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria and pathological report. Methodology: This study was a prospective as well as retrospective observational study carried out in the department of general surgery, Dr. Sampurnanand Medical College, Jodhpur. All the patients admitted with stage III (IIIA, IIIB, IIIC) were included in the study after obtaining approval from the institutional ethical committee. Clinical response was assessed by RECIST criteria (clinical complete response (cCR), clinical partial response (cPR), clinical progressive disease (cPD), and clinical stable disease (cSD)) and pathological response by histopathological report (pCR). Response of various molecular subtypes was noted. Results: Among 31 patients included in the study, cCR observed in 22.58% cases, cPR observed in 61.29% cases while cPD and cSD seen in 3.22% and 12.90% cases, respectively. Pathological complete response (pCR) observed in 19.35% cases. Favourable response seen with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression (cCR = 50%, pCR = 37.50%) followed by triple negative (cCR = 25%, pCR = 25%) molecular subtypes. Conclusions: It can be concluded that molecular subtype determination helps in deciding treatment protocol in patients with LABC with HER2 overexpression and triple-negative breast cancers having a better clinicopathological response to NACT than luminal subtypes. NACT results in downstaging of tumours, thus, help in achieving surgically clear margins and elimination of micrometastases which decreases the recurrence rates and morbidity/mortality of patients.
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Li Q, Wang Y, Zhu M, Gu Y, Tang Y. Clinical observation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with pyrotinib plus trastuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer: a cohort study. Gland Surg 2021; 10:3389-3402. [PMID: 35070899 PMCID: PMC8749088 DOI: 10.21037/gs-21-794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyrotinib is a new small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). However, the efficacy of pyrotinib in neoadjuvant therapy for HER2-positive breast cancer is unknown. This paper is a population-based cohort study, and the purpose is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pyrotinib plus trastuzumab in a neoadjuvant setting for HER2-positive early or locally advanced breast cancers, and to compare it with that of pertuzumab plus trastuzumab. METHODS This cohort study included 166 patients with HER2-positive breast cancer who received neoadjuvant therapy and underwent surgery. Case groups: Group I: 63 patients received pyrotinib + trastuzumab; Group II: 50 patients received pertuzumab + trastuzumab. The control group consisted of 53 patients treated with trastuzumab alone in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Univariate logistic regression analysis was applied. Enumeration data were processed by Fisher's exact test. RESULTS The total pathological complete response (tpCR) rate of Group I was 63.49% (40/63); the breast pathological complete response (bpCR) rate was 76.19% (48/63); and the objective response rate (ORR) was 100% (63/63). Compared with the tpCR rate of 54.00% (27/50), bpCR rate of 58.00% (29/50), and ORR 100% (50/50) of Group II, there was no statistical difference. Regarding adverse events (AEs), diarrhea (n=56, 88.89%) was the most frequent in the group I, including 7 participants who developed grade 3 diarrhea (11.11%), followed by leukopenia (n=48, 76.19%). In the meantime, there was only 1 patient experienced grade IV thrombocytopenia. Hormone receptor (HR)-negative patients were more likely to reach tpCR as compared to HR-positive patients (61.54% vs. 37.50%, P=0.002, 95% CI: 1.423 to 4.997), and the tpCR rate of tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) stage III 37.04% (20/54) was significantly lower than that of stage II 54.46% (61/112), which was statistically significant (P=0.048, 95% CI: 1.064 to 4.041). No recurrence or metastasis was found during short-term follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Pyrotinib plus trastuzumab combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed good short-term efficacy in HER2-positive breast cancer, and the AEs developed were all manageable. More sample data is required to further support the comparison with pertuzumab plus trastuzumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- The Second Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- The Second Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhu
- The Second Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuanting Gu
- The Second Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yajing Tang
- The Second Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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7
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Prihantono, Faruk M. Breast cancer resistance to chemotherapy: When should we suspect it and how can we prevent it? Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 70:102793. [PMID: 34691411 PMCID: PMC8519754 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is an essential treatment for breast cancer, inducing cancer cell death. However, chemoresistance is a problem that limits the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Many factors influence chemoresistance, including drug inactivation, changes in drug targets, overexpression of ABC transporters, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions, apoptotic dysregulation, and cancer stem cells. The effectiveness of chemotherapy can be assessed clinically and pathologically. Clinical response evaluation is based on physical examination or imaging (mammography, ultrasonography, computed tomography scan, or magnetic resonance imaging) and includes tumor size changes after chemotherapy. Pathological response evaluation is a method based on tumor residues in histopathological preparations. We should be suspicious of chemoresistance if there are no significant changes clinically according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors and World Health Organization criteria or pathological changes according to the Miller and Payne criteria, especially after 2–3 cycles of chemotherapy treatments. Chemoresistance is mostly detected after the administration of chemotherapy drugs. No reliable parameters or biomarkers can predict chemotherapy responses appropriately and effectively. Well-known parameters such as cancer type, grade, subtype, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, Ki-67, and MDR-1/P-gP have been used for selecting chemotherapy regimens. Some new methods for predicting chemoresistance include chemosensitivity and chemoresistance assays, multigene expressions, and positron emission tomography assays. The latest approaches are based on evaluation of molecular processes and the metabolic activity of cancer cells. Some methods for preventing chemoresistance include using the right regimen, using some combination of chemotherapy methods, conducting adequate monitoring, and using drugs that could prevent the emergence of multidrug resistance. Chemotherapy is an essential treatment in the management of breast cancer. Chemotherapy is carried out based on the selection of regimens for the specific individual and tumor characteristics. Combination therapy, monitoring, and evaluation are used to prevent chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prihantono
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Faruk
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
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Arafah MA, Ouban A, Ameer OZ, Quek KJ. KI-67 LI Expression in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients and Its Significance. BREAST CANCER-BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2021; 15:11782234211016977. [PMID: 34158798 PMCID: PMC8186110 DOI: 10.1177/11782234211016977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subset of breast cancer which is known to carry a poor prognosis because of lack of targets for hormonal therapy. Research efforts have focused in recent years on discovering biomarkers of management in TNBCs. KI-67 Labelling Index (LI) is a nuclear protein which has proven to play diagnostic and prognostic roles in many cancers. Materials and methods: We analysed the expression of KI-67 LI by immunohistochemistry in TNBC cases from the University hospital. This expression was cross-checked against clinical-pathological criteria of TNBC patients and against Vimentin expression in TNBC patients with significant KI-67 expression. Results: KI-67 LI was significantly expressed in the majority of TNBC cases. This expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastases, tumour invasion, high tumour nuclear grade, clinical stage, adverse survival outcome, and failure to achieve pathological complete response. TNBCs’ KI-67 LI expression was also correlated with Vimentin expression, the mesenchymal chief marker of the EMT phenomenon. Conclusion: Collectively, our study presents a strong argument for the use of KI-67 LI as a biomarker of aggressive, metastatic TNBC disease with poor outcome. This study, along with mounting evidence in the scientific literature, presents a case for the use of this nuclear protein in diagnosis, prognosis, and follow-up of patients with this difficult diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Arafah
- Department of Pathology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abderrahman Ouban
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Z Ameer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ko Jin Quek
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Concordance Between ER, PR, HER2 neu Receptors Before and After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer. FORUM OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/fco-2019-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Introducing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) in a breast cancer patient may be associated with changes in estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth hormone receptor 2 (HER2) status.
Method
In our prospective cohort study, we evaluated the impact of change in estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth hormone receptor 2 (HER2) on the prognosis of breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT). We investigated 110 patients with locally advanced breast cancer for ER, PR and HER2 status of their lesions before and after NCT.
Result
For hormone receptor status (HR) (which include ER, PR) of the residual tumor of the patients after receiving NCT, 12 (10.9%) of them changed from HR (+) to HR (−) and 15 (13.6%) changed from HR (−) to HR (+). For HER2 status after NCT, 8 (7.3%) patients changed from HER2 (+) to HER2 (−) and 9 (8.2%) patients changed from HER2 (−) to HER2 (+). Triple negative (TN) tumor phenotype changes occurred in 17 (15.5%) patients. Patients for whom the HR status changed from positive to negative had poor prognosis for both disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in univariate survival analysis.
Conclusion
Changes in ER, PR, HER2 status and tumor phenotype in breast cancer patients after NCT had a negative prognostic impact and were associated with a poor prognosis.
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Prognostic significance of estrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors' status conversion following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer: Results from a tertiary Cancer Center in Saudi Arabia. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247802. [PMID: 33667252 PMCID: PMC7935307 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prognostic impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) on the receptor expression status in patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) is still not fully understood. We aimed to evaluate the changes in hormone (estrogen and progesterone) receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status post-NAC and their correlation with survival. Methods Patients with LABC who have received NAC between 2008 and 2015 and have been followed up till December 2019 at the Oncology Center, King Saud University, KSA were analyzed retrospectively. biomarker analysis of ER, PR & HER2 were done using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Fluorescent in situ hybridization. Results Ninety-one patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. HR status changed in 21(23.1%) patients, with a significant difference between patients with stable receptors and those with any receptor conversion; p = 0.000. Five (5.5%) initially HER2 negative tumors became HER2 positive and 10 (11%) initially HER2 positive tumors became HER2 negative after NAC. The difference in HER2 expression level before and after NAC was not statistically significant (p = 0.302). Univariate analysis relating patients’ characteristics and 10-years disease-free survival (DFS) showed only significant correlations with the expressions of ER, PR, and any receptor conversion, (ER and/or PR) p< 0.001, p< 0.001, and p = 0.001; respectively. In the univariate analysis, none of the clinicopathological features showed a significant correlation with the OS except for the molecular subtypes P<0.001. Conclusions Patients with LABC have significant changes in the ER and PR receptor status following NAC. Post-NAC expressions change of ER and PR (ER and/or PR) are correlated to DFS. Retesting of the hormone receptors should be considered after NAC in Saudi patients with LABC.
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Wu X, Ye C, Wang X, Cai R, Yang J, Yu X, Zhou Y, Shen L, Zhu Y, Liu X. The Efficacy and Toxicity of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Regimens of Epirubicin Plus Cyclophosphamide Followed by Docetaxel or Paclitaxel in Female Breast Cancer Patients. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:1517-1527. [PMID: 33623431 PMCID: PMC7894818 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s284638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To retrospectively analyze the efficacy and toxicity of epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel (EC-D) and epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel (EC-P) efficacy as neoadjuvant chemotherapy regiments by pathological complete response (pCR) in this study. Methods In total, 455 patients diagnosed with breast cancer who received NAC from January 2014 to January 2019 were enrolled. Of which, 109 patients received EC-D (E: 90, C: 600, D: 80, all in mg/m2) and 346 were treated with EC-P (E: 90, C: 600, D: 175, all in mg/m2). Efficacy of NAC regimens was evaluated by pCR, and the toxicity was studied. Chi-squared test was used at p=0.05. Results In EC-D, 11 patients received ypT0/isN0, and 6 of them got ypT0N0. Analogously, 67 patients receiving received EC-P obtained ypT0/isN0, and 43 people of them acquired ypT0N0. The rate of pCR in EC-P was higher than EC-D. Patients with ER (-), PR (-), Her-2 (+) and high Ki-67 index were easier to were more likely to acquire pCR. Two pCRs were described, the pCR of NAC differed according to the definition. In terms of side effects, there was no significant difference in platelet and urea, but the decrease of hemoglobin and creatinine levels after EC-P treatment was more significant than that after EC-D treatment. Conclusion The efficacy of EC-P is better than EC-D if pCR is to be determined as a surrogate end-point for prognosis. The patients with anemia or renal insufficiency who need to receive NAC should choose EC-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated HospitalofNanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoran Ye
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated HospitalofNanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingmeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, 224006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyu Cai
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated HospitalofNanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Junzhe Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated HospitalofNanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiafei Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated HospitalofNanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated HospitalofNanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated HospitalofNanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated HospitalofNanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoan Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated HospitalofNanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
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Matos ACHDS, Consalter A, Dos Santos Batista BP, Fonseca ABM, Ferreira AMR, Leite JDS. Immunohistochemical expression of HER - 2 and Ki - 67 in granulosa cell tumor in bitches. Reprod Domest Anim 2021; 56:667-672. [PMID: 33527594 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Granulosa cell tumour, an ovarian neoplasm of stromal origin, is an important tumour related to oestrogenic dominance syndrome and cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex. In order to analyse ovarian tumour´s malignant potential, immunohistochemical markers can be used, such as anti-HER2 and anti-Ki-67. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of immunohistochemical markers HER-2 and Ki-67 in granulosa cell tumour from bitches´ ovaries. In HER-2 immunomarker analysis using the HercepTest® method, most tumours were classified as 2+ (moderate labelling). Concerning Ki-67 immunomarker, only one case was described as having a high proliferative index. An association was found between immunostained cell percentage by anti-HER-2 antibodies and high pleomorphism, represented by the pattern of follicular/trabecular tumour arrangement. There was no correlation between anti-Ki-67 and anti-HER-2 antibody immunostaining intensities, probably due to only one case with a high Ki-67 index. With an effective protocol for HER-2 and Ki-67 immunohistochemical identification in granulosa cell tumours in bitches, it was possible to characterize this neoplasm proliferation profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carina Heil da Silva Matos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (Clínica e Reprodução Animal), Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brasil
| | - Angélica Consalter
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (Clínica e Reprodução Animal), Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brasil
| | - Bárbara Paula Dos Santos Batista
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (Clínica e Reprodução Animal), Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brasil
| | | | - Ana Maria Reis Ferreira
- Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brasil
| | - Juliana da Silva Leite
- Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brasil
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Wang LC, Wang LS, Li AX, Shi ZZ, Li YQ, Huang W, Chen SM, Han F, Zhu DQ. Combinational Treatment of Doxorubicin With Neoadjuvant Docetaxel for Different Subtypes of Patients With Breast Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 19:1533033820928435. [PMID: 32508292 PMCID: PMC7281880 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820928435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to characterize the effect of chemotherapy drug
doxorubicin with neoadjuvant drug docetaxel for different molecular
subtypes. Methods: A total of 83 patients with late-stage breast cancer were chosen to undergo
treatment and compared to these patients to the combinational treatment to
identify the molecular characteristics that can predict the responses. Results: Total response rate is 81.9% (68/83 patients). Among them, 7 patients show
pathological complete response of 8.4%, 12 patients show clinical complete
response of 14.5%, 49 patients show partial response of 59%, and 15 patients
show stable disease of 18.1%. The comparison among different subtypes of
breast cancer, including luminal A, luminal B, basal-like, and
ERBB2+ subtypes, did not show statistical significant
differences to the treatment of combinational treatment for the complete
response rate, including pathological complete response and clinical
complete response. Comparing with luminal A and luminal B subtypes, the
ERBB2+ and basal-like subtypes have better complete response
and response rate rates. The disease-free survival rate and overall survival
rate at 29 months after treatment did not show statistical significant
differences among different subtypes of patients with breast cancer. Conclusion: The molecular subtypes of breast cancer can predict responses to the
combinational treatment of doxorubicin with docetaxel, and ERBB2+
and basal-like subtypes have better response rate and complete response
rate. There is correlation of estrogen receptor and KI-67 level changes with
response rate as well, where KI-67 high patients are more sensitive to the
treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Cheng Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast and Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Ling-Sheng Wang
- Department of Radiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Ai-Xia Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhen-Zong Shi
- Department of Thyroid and Breast and Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Ya-Qiong Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast and Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast and Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Shi-Man Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast and Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Thyroid and Breast and Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - De-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast and Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
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Al-Saleh K, Aldiab A, Salah T, Arafah M, Husain S, Al-Rikabi A, El-Aziz NA. Prognostic Significance of HER2 Expression Changes Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Saudi Patients With Locally Advanced Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2020; 21:e362-e367. [PMID: 33419688 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2020.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progesterone receptor (PR), estrogen receptor (ER), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) significantly influence disease prognosis and therapeutic response in patients with breast cancer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) can change the receptor status, affecting the disease characteristics. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective chart review was carried out at a single tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from December 2008 to December 2014, where 91 adult female patients diagnosed with locally advanced breast cancer planning to receive NACT were included. Original pathology and surgical histopathology reports were assessed, and patients were followed up to recurrence, death, or until December 2019. An expression for the ER, PR, and HER2 was carried out in pre and post NACT specimens by an experienced pathologist, and all HER2 with 2+ immunohistochemistry was sent for fluorescence in situ hybridization as per American Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines. RESULTS ER pre- and postoperatively changed from positive to negative in 17.6% of patients and from negative to positive in 1.1% of patients (P < .001). ER status remained stable in 81.3% of patients. PR changed from positive to negative in 13.2% of patients, and from negative to positive in 3.3% of patients (P < .001), whereas it remained stable in 83.5% of patients. HER2 changed from positive to negative in 11% of patients, and from negative to positive in 5.5% of patients (P < .001), and it remained stable in 83.5% of patients. No significant association was found between overall survival and disease-free-survival with HER2 expression change. CONCLUSION NACT can induce changes in the ER, PR, and HER2 status, which should be evaluated post-NACT to choose the optimal treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Al-Saleh
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdurrahman Aldiab
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Oncology Center, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tareq Salah
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Oncology Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Clinical Oncology, Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Maria Arafah
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sufia Husain
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar Al-Rikabi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nashwa Abd El-Aziz
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Oncology Center, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Oncology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
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15
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Kunnuru SKR, Thiyagarajan M, Martin Daniel J, Singh K B. A Study on Clinical and Pathological Responses to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Carcinoma. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2020; 12:259-266. [PMID: 33262647 PMCID: PMC7686913 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s277588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aim and objectives To assess the effectiveness of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and its impact on the clinical and pathological response in locally advanced breast cancer. To compare molecular subtypes of breast cancer with response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients and methods This was a prospective study on patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast carcinoma for a 3-year period. A total of 60 patients who presented with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Forty patients were treated with the 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide (FEC) schedule, 16 patients were treated with Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (AC), and four patients were treated with oral cyclophosphamide, intravenous methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF). Taxol was added in all node-positive cases, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), and Her 2 positive cases. The clinical response was assessed with RECIST criteria after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The response was compared with molecular subtypes of carcinoma breast and receptor status individually. Results A total of 60 female patients receiving primary chemotherapy for locally advanced breast malignancy were studied. The median age of the patients at the time of diagnosis was 44 years (range=24–73). In terms of menopausal status, 25 (42%) patients were pre-menopausal and 35 (58%) patients were post-menopausal. Histological classification showed invasive ductal carcinoma in 72% of patients, invasive lobular carcinoma in 15% of patients, and other types including mixed patterns in 13% of patients. Among 60 patients, 16 patients (26.6%) had clinically complete remission (cCR), 30 patients (50%) had partial remission, eight patients (13.3%) had stable disease, and six patients (10%) had progressive disease. Following neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 46 (76.6%) patient underwent Modified radical mastectomy surgery. Target therapy was given for Her2 neu patients after surgery. Hormonal therapy was added to hormone ER PR positive cases postoperatively. Eight patients (13.3%) among this operated cases attained complete pathological response. Conclusion Preoperative chemotherapy downstages the primary tumors and axillary metastasis in patients with locally advanced breast carcinoma. Comparison of molecular subtypes with chemotherapy response is a better way to find out the predictors of response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jovita Martin Daniel
- Medical Oncology Department, Sri Ramachandra Medical University, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Balaji Singh K
- General Surgery Department, Sri Ramachandra Medical University, Chennai 600116, India
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16
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Zhang H, Moisini I, Ajabnoor RM, Turner BM, Hicks DG. Applying the New Guidelines of HER2 Testing in Breast Cancer. Curr Oncol Rep 2020; 22:51. [PMID: 32346807 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-020-0901-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is an important prognostic and predictive biomarker in the breast cancer. The American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathology (ASCO/CAP) has published HER2 testing guidelines in breast cancer. We herein reviewed the HER2 testing guidelines in breast cancer with a focus on the application of the current guidelines. RECENT FINDINGS The continual investigation of HER2 testing in breast cancer has resulted in updates in the HER2 testing guidelines. The current guidelines focus on the uncommon clinical scenarios and emphasize the coordination between immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization results, in an effort to improve clarity and accuracy. The ASCO/CAP guidelines provide valuable recommendations to ensure the accurate evaluation of HER2 status in breast cancer patients through standardization. Additional studies, particularly those with long-term outcome data are still needed to validate the guideline recommendations, especially the uncommon cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huina Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Ioana Moisini
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Rana M Ajabnoor
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bradley M Turner
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - David G Hicks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 626, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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17
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Immunohistochemical index prediction of breast tumor based on multi-dimension features in contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Med Biol Eng Comput 2020; 58:1285-1295. [PMID: 32232794 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-020-02164-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading killer of Chinese women. Immunohistochemistry index has great significance in the treatment strategy selection and prognosis analysis for breast cancer patients. Currently, histopathological examination of the tumor tissue through surgical biopsy is the gold standard to determine immunohistochemistry index. However, this examination is invasive and commonly causes discomfort in patients. There has been a lack of noninvasive method capable of predicting immunohistochemistry index for breast cancer patients. This paper proposes a machine learning method to predict the immunohistochemical index of breast cancer patients by using noninvasive contrast-enhanced ultrasound. A total of 119 breast cancer patients were included in this retrospective study. Each patient implemented the pathological examination of immunohistochemical expression and underwent contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging of breast tumor. The multi-dimension features including 266 three-dimension features and 837 two-dimension dynamic features were extracted from the contrast-enhanced ultrasound sequences. Using the machine learning prediction method, 21 selected multi-dimension features were integrated to generate a model for predicting the immunohistochemistry index noninvasively. The immunohistochemical index of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) was predicted based on multi-dimension features in contrast-enhanced ultrasound sequence with the sensitivity of 71%, and the specificity of 79% in the testing cohort. Therefore, the noninvasive contrast-enhanced ultrasound can be used to predict the immunohistochemical index. To our best knowledge, no studies have been reported about predicting immunohistochemical index by using contrast-enhanced ultrasound sequences for breast cancer patients. Our proposed method is noninvasive and can predict immunohistochemical index by using contrast-enhanced ultrasound in several minutes, instead of relying totally on the invasive and biopsy-based histopathological examination. Graphical abstract Immunohistochemical index prediction of breast tumor based on multi-dimension features in contrast-enhanced ultrasound.
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18
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Zhuang W, Ma B, Hu J, Jiang J, Li G, Yang L, Wang Y. Two-photon AIE luminogen labeled multifunctional polymeric micelles for theranostics. Theranostics 2019; 9:6618-6630. [PMID: 31588239 PMCID: PMC6771243 DOI: 10.7150/thno.33901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intelligent polymeric micelles with fluorescence imaging feature have been emerged as promising tools for theranostics. However, conventional fluorescent dyes are limited by short wavelength excitation, interference of tissue autofluorescence, limited imaging depth and quenched emission in aggregation state. Methods: We synthesized a novel mPEG-SS-Poly (AEMA-co-TBIS) (mPEATss) copolymer to develop multifunctional polymeric micelles with great AIE feature for cancer therapy and AIE active two-photon bioimaging. The stimuli-responsive behavior and AIE active two-photon cell and tissue imaging as well as in vitro and in vivo antitumor ability of DOX-loaded mPEATss were studied. Results: mPEATss micelles showed excellent AIE active two-photon cell imaging ability and deep tissue imaging ability. Antitumor drug DOX could be encapsulated to form a drug-loaded micellar system with a small diameter of 65 nm. The disassembly and charge-conversion of mPEATss micelles could be triggered by acidic environment, resulting in accelerated drug release and great antitumor efficacy. In vivo, ex vivo imaging and in vivo pharmacokinetic study demonstrated that mPEATss micelles could efficiently accumulate in tumor sites, which ensured ideal anticancer effect. Conclusions: This pH and redox dual responsive and AIE active two-photon imaging polymeric micelles would be a promising candidate for theranostics.
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Del Prete S, Caraglia M, Luce A, Montella L, Galizia G, Sperlongano P, Cennamo G, Lieto E, Capasso E, Fiorentino O, Aliberti M, Auricchio A, Iodice P, Addeo R. Clinical and pathological factors predictive of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer: A single center experience. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:3873-3879. [PMID: 31516598 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) of breast cancer (BC) improves outcomes, especially in patients with locally advanced and inflammatory cancer. Further insight into clinic-pathological factors influencing outcomes is essential to define the optimal therapeutic strategy for each category of patients and to predict the response to the treatment. In total, 117 patients with BC were treated with NAC with or without trastuzumab between 2010 and 2015. The histologic response to NAC was defined as a pathological complete response (pCR) when there was no evidence of residual invasive tumor in the breast or axillary lymph nodes. Relapse-free survival (RFS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using log rank analysis. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The median age of the 117 patients enrolled in the present study was 52 years (age range, 35-85 years). The overall response rate (complete and partial responses) assessed by radiological and pathological evaluation were 76 and 72%, respectively. pCR was achieved in 35 out of 117 patients (~30%). In total, 6 patients (5%) developed progressive disease during chemotherapy. The RFS was 85 months (SE=3; 95% CI 79-91). The median was not reached and the mean follow-up time was 55 months (median 52 months; range 11-100 months). In this time, 20 patients (17%) experienced tumor recurrence. From the univariate analysis, the pathological response was significantly associated with receptor-based subtype, menopausal status and T-stage. From the multivariate analysis by using linear multiple regression and including receptor- menopausal status and T-stage, the model was not significant (P=0.062). However, by using the multiple logistic regression, and including age, pCR was significantly associated with ER+ HER2neg (P=0.006), T2 (P=0.043) and T3 (P=0.018). T-stage, menopausal status and receptor status are significantly associated with the pathological response in patients with inoperable BC treated with NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Del Prete
- Division of Medical Oncology, 'San Giovanni Di Dio Hospital', ASL NA2NORD, I-80027 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Amalia Luce
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Liliana Montella
- Division of Medical Oncology, 'San Giovanni Di Dio Hospital', ASL NA2NORD, I-80027 Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Galizia
- Division of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgical Oncology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Sperlongano
- Division of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgical Oncology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Gregorio Cennamo
- Division of Medical Oncology, 'San Giovanni Di Dio Hospital', ASL NA2NORD, I-80027 Naples, Italy
| | - Eva Lieto
- Division of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgical Oncology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Capasso
- Division of Medical Oncology, 'San Giovanni Di Dio Hospital', ASL NA2NORD, I-80027 Naples, Italy
| | - Olga Fiorentino
- Pathologist Department, Medicina Futura Group, I-80011 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Aliberti
- Division of Medical Oncology, 'San Giovanni Di Dio Hospital', ASL NA2NORD, I-80027 Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Auricchio
- Division of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgical Oncology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Patrizia Iodice
- Division of Medical Oncology, 'San Giovanni Di Dio Hospital', ASL NA2NORD, I-80027 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Addeo
- Division of Medical Oncology, 'San Giovanni Di Dio Hospital', ASL NA2NORD, I-80027 Naples, Italy
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Zhang H, Sui X, Zhou S, Hu L, Huang X. Correlation of Conventional Ultrasound Characteristics of Breast Tumors With Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis and Ki-67 Expression in Patients With Breast Cancer. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2019; 38:1833-1840. [PMID: 30480840 DOI: 10.1002/jum.14879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the association between the ultrasound (US) characteristics of breast tumors with axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) and Ki-67 expression in patients with breast cancer. METHODS In total, 527 consecutive patients with breast cancer who had undergone US examinations and curative surgery with axillary lymph node evaluations were included. The size, shape, aspect ratio, margin, internal echo, internal calcification, posterior echo attenuation, lymphatic hilar structure, cortical thickness, and blood flow of the axillary lymph nodes or primary breast lesions were observed with conventional US. Pathologic prognostic factors, including the histologic type of the tumor, histologic grade, estrogen and progesterone receptor status, lymph node status, and Ki-67 expression were determined. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate whether the US characteristics of primary breast lesions were associated with ALNM and Ki-67 expression. RESULTS The maximum tumor diameter (odds ratio [OR], 1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-2.27; P = .028), tumor margin (OR, 2.89; 95% CI, 1.69-4.94; P < .001), internal echo (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.47-3.20; P < .001), and Ki-67 status (OR, 3.57; 95% CI, 2.29-5.58; P < .001) had significant value as independent predictors of ALNM. Only the internal echo (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.28-2.95; P = .002) of breast cancer was an independent predictor of the Ki-67 status. The heterogeneity in the internal echo indicated faster cancer cell proliferation and was associated with a worse prognosis in patients with breast carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Certain conventional US characteristics may be useful predictors of ALNM and the Ki-67 status in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhang
- the Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Xiufang Sui
- the Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Suzhi Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Children's Hospital of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Hu
- the Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Xian Huang
- the Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China
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21
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He L, Yang H, Tang J, Liu Z, Chen Y, Lu B, He H, Tang S, Sun Y, Liu F, Ding X, Zhang Y, Hu S, Xia L. Intestinal probiotics E. coli Nissle 1917 as a targeted vehicle for delivery of p53 and Tum-5 to solid tumors for cancer therapy. J Biol Eng 2019; 13:58. [PMID: 31297149 PMCID: PMC6599283 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-019-0189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional cancer therapies, such as surgery treatment, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, often fail to completely eliminate tumor cells in an anaerobic microenvironment of tumor regions. In contrast to these traditional cancer therapies, the use of targeted delivery vectors to deliver anticancer genes or antitumor drugs to hypoxic areas in tumors is the most clinically promising cancer treatment with rapid development in recent years. In this study, E.coli Nissle 1917 (EcN), an intestinal probiotic, was utilized as a targeted transport vector to deliver p53 and Tum-5 protein to tumor hypoxic regions. The tumor-targeting characteristics of EcN were investigated using luciferase LuxCDABE operon, and the results demonstrated that EcN could specifically accumulate in the solid tumor areas of SMMC-7721 tumor-bearing BALB/c nude mice. The Tum 5-p53 bifunctional proteins were initially constructed and then delivered to solid tumor regions by using the targeted transporter EcN for cancer therapy. The antitumor effect and safety of three engineered bacteria, namely, EcN (Tum-5), EcN (p53), and EcN (Tum 5-p53), were also examined. The calculated tumor volume and tumor weight indicated that these three engineered bacteria could inhibit the growth of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells, and the antitumor effect of EcN (Tum 5-p53) expressing the Tum 5-p53 fusion protein was significantly better than those of EcN (Tum-5) and EcN (p53) alone. Immunofluorescence demonstrated that the expression of Ki-67, a nuclear proliferation-related protein, was inhibited in the tumor areas of the groups treated with the engineered bacteria, whereas the expression of caspase-3 was upregulated. The expression trends of Ki-67 and caspase-3 were consistent with the different antitumor efficacies of these three engineered bacteria. EcN did not elicit obvious side effects on mice. This research not only provids a foundation for tumor-targeted therapy but also contributes greatly to the development of antitumor agents and anticancer proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian He
- 1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 People's Republic of China.,2School of Basic Medical Science, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410298 People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun Yang
- 1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 People's Republic of China
| | - Jianli Tang
- 1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhudong Liu
- 1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyan Chen
- 1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 People's Republic of China
| | - Binghua Lu
- 1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 People's Republic of China
| | - Haocheng He
- 1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 People's Republic of China
| | - Sijia Tang
- 1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 People's Republic of China
| | - Yunjun Sun
- 1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- 1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezhi Ding
- 1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 People's Republic of China
| | - Youming Zhang
- 1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 People's Republic of China
| | - Shengbiao Hu
- 1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiu Xia
- 1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 People's Republic of China
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22
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Zhao Y, Wang X, Huang Y, Zhou X, Zhang D. Response to immunohistochemical markers' conversion after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients: association between imaging and histopathologic analysis. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 22:91-102. [PMID: 31006089 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02112-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast ultrasound and mammography were used in the detection of residual tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between clinical and pathological responses with breast density and IHC marker conversion to understand how this information might be used in the future to direct treatment. METHODS We included 119 patients who underwent CNB and followed NACT. The breast density assessment was based on the mammography examination performed at the time of diagnosis. We evaluated the clinical and pathological responses to NACT by the UICC and Miller-Payne grading systems, respectively. RESULTS Of 119 patients who met the inclusion criteria, patients with high pre-treatment IHC markers levels showed higher expression of IHC markers regardless of the post-treatment IHC marker level at baseline. However, breast and node tumor sizes before and after NACT were negatively correlated with hormone receptor conversion and positively correlated with Ki-67 conversion (P < 0.05). Patients with low BD were more likely to have a cCR, pCR, TNBC, and postmenopausal status than those with a high BD (P < 0.05). BD was significantly associated with PR and Ki67 conversion but not ER conversion. CONCLUSION Our prospective observational study demonstrated that IHC marker conversion could be used to identify lesion size changes and BD. We also found that a high BD was linked to clinical and pathological responses, molecular subtype, and menopausal status. In the future, additional studies are required to validate the predictive value identified by this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Tumor Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of In-Patient Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Y Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Tumor Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - X Zhou
- Department of In-Patient Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - D Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China.
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23
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Sarıtaş AG, Yalav O, Kekeç Y, Sakman G, Kılıç E, Zorludemir S, Ergin M, Eray İC, Kara O, Paydaş S. Lokal ileri evre meme kanserli hastalarda neoadjuvan kemoterapinin ER, PR, c-erb2, VEGF ve Ki-67 üzerine etkisi. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.412192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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24
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Peng JH, Zhang X, Song JL, Ran L, Luo R, Li HY, Wang YH. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy reduces the expression rates of ER, PR, HER2, Ki67, and P53 of invasive ductal carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e13554. [PMID: 30633152 PMCID: PMC6336639 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
To analyze whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) changes the expression rates of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) markers: estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), Ki67, and P53.This was a retrospective study of 112 IDC patients who underwent NAC (docetaxel+epirubicin/pirarubicin+cyclophosphamide) but without pathological complete response (pCR) in 2012 to 2013 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. The IDC subtypes and tumor protein markers were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Specific changes in tumor protein markers before/after NAC were compared.The decrease in the positive rate of Ki-67 was the most significant, from 75.9% before NAC to 41.1% after NAC (P < .001). The positive rate of HER2 decreased from 42.0% before NAC to 32.1% after NAC (P = .04). The positive rate of ER decreased from 66.1% before NAC to 56.2% after NAC (P = .04). Increased number of metastatic lymph nodes (P = .006) and body mass index (BMI) (P = .028) seemed to be related to conversion of PR (positive to negative). There was statistical association between the Ki-67 (positive to negative) with the age greater or equal to 50 (P = .015). The BMI greater or equal to 24 (P = .021), age greater or equal to 50 (P = .047), and blood type A (P = .038) were independently associated with conversion of P53 (positive to negative). The BMI greater or equal to 24 (P = .004), number of metastatic lymph nodes greater or equal to 1 (P = .029) and TNM stages I-II (P = .008) were statistically associated with change of HER2 (positive to negative).In patients without pCR, NAC leads to changes in Ki-67, HER2, and hormone receptor (HR) expression. Age, BMI, number of metastatic lymph nodes, and TNM stage are associated with some changes of markers.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Ki-67 Antigen/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Neoadjuvant Therapy
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
- Retrospective Studies
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Heng Peng
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing
| | - Jun-Long Song
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Ran
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - Rong Luo
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - Hong-Yuan Li
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing
| | - Yong-Hong Wang
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
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25
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Expression Patterns of Biomarkers in Primary Tumors and Corresponding Metastases in Breast Cancer. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2018; 26:13-19. [PMID: 27753656 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity has been shown for several cancers including breast cancer (BC). Despite the fact that expression of tumor markers may change throughout the metastatic process, rebiopsies at the time of recurrence are still not performed routinely at all institutions. The aims of the study were to evaluate changes in biomarker profiles during the metastatic process and to investigate whether previous anthracycline or endocrine therapy given in the adjuvant setting could affect the biomarker profile in metastatic lesions. We investigated the expression pattern of ER, HER2, TOP2a, TOP1, p53, Bcl-2, and Ki-67 in 110 paired samples of primary BC and corresponding asynchronous metastases. We found discordant expressions in primary tumor and metastasis for all biomarkers, although only significant for Ki-67. Changes in the expression profile of the metastatic lesions would have altered treatment decisions in 14% of patients. We found no effect of previous anthracycline or endocrine therapy on the expression profiles. Our data confirm that discordant expressions of biomarkers are common in BC and often carry therapeutic consequences. This emphasizes the need for biopsies from metastatic lesions, even in cases where the localization of the metastatic process is not easily accessible.
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26
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Chung YR, Kim HJ, Kim M, Ahn S, Park SY. Clinical implications of changes in the diversity of c-MYC copy number variation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16668. [PMID: 30420657 PMCID: PMC6232091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy can alter the makeup of a tumor cell population by exerting selection pressure. We examined the change in Shannon index, a mathematical diversity measure used in ecology, for c-MYC copy number variation (CNV) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and evaluated its clinical significance in breast cancer. Associations between Shannon indices for c-MYC CNV in pre- and post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy breast cancer samples and clinicopathologic features of tumors as well as patient survival were analyzed in 144 patients. A change in c-MYC amplification and copy number gain status was found in 14.3% and 33.6% with most cases showing positive to negative conversion. The chemo-sensitive group showed a significant decrease in Shannon index after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. However, there was no difference in diversity indices between pre- and post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy specimens in the chemo-resistant group. In survival analyses, high Shannon indices for c-MYC CNV in post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy samples as well as those in pre-neoadjuvant chemotherapy samples were revealed as independent prognostic factors for poor disease-free survival not only in the whole group but also in the chemo-resistant subgroup. These findings suggest that a change in Shannon index for c-MYC CNV after neoadjuvant chemotherapy reflects chemo-responsiveness and that Shannon indices after neoadjuvant chemotherapy have a prognostic value in breast cancer patients who receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yul Ri Chung
- Department of pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea.,Department of pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Kim
- Department of pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Milim Kim
- Department of pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea.,Department of pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soomin Ahn
- Department of pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Park
- Department of pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea. .,Department of pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Li Q, Li L, Jiang X, Du Q, Li Y, Li T, Gong H, Cao B. Characteristics and prognostic values of traditional pathological parameters and advanced molecular subtypes in women in Beijing with operable breast cancer: a retrospective analysis. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e021819. [PMID: 30413499 PMCID: PMC6231570 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated the characteristics and prognostic values of traditional pathological parameters and advanced molecular subtypes in women with operable breast cancer in Beijing. DESIGN A retrospective study through case information enquiry or telephonic follow-up. SETTING Beijing Friendship Hospital. PARTICIPANTS 1042 patients with primary operable breast cancer between 2008 and 2012 were enrolled in the study. MEASURES The characteristics and 5-year relapse rates according to the Nottingham Prognosis Index (NPI) and molecular subtypes were analysed. RESULTS In 1042 patients, the percentages of high histological grade, N1+N2, T2+T4 were 7.3%, 24.2%, 46.9%, respectively. In patients with invasive breast cancer, the percentages of auxiliary staging, positive margins, vascular invasion and nerve infiltration were 65.0%, 2.8%, 10.5% and 1.1%, respectively. The missing percentages of auxiliary staging, margins, vascular tumour invasion and nerve infiltration were 14.2%, 31.4%, 46.5% and 97.4%, respectively. The percentages of ER-positive, PR-positive, HER2-positive and Ki-67 high expression were 64.3%, 43.8%, 18.8% and 62.7%, respectively. The percentages of luminal A, luminal B, HER2-overexpression and basal-like breast cancers were 10.5%, 54.2%, 8.2% and 11.2%, respectively. Luminal A, luminal B and basal-like breast cancer subtypes were more common in the >60 years group, the 41-60 years group and the 20-40 years group, respectively. The 5-year relapse rates according to NPI were as follows: 6.2% in the low recurrence risk group, 10.4% in the moderate recurrence risk group and 12.9% in the high recurrence risk group. The 5-year relapse rates according to molecular subtypes were as follows: luminal A 4.0%, luminal B 7.0%, HER2-overexpression14.2%, basal-like 15.6%. CONCLUSIONS Reasonable analysis of traditional pathological parameters and advanced molecular subtypes in women with operable breast cancer in Beijing may be useful to guide precise treatment and predict prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Li
- Department of Cancer center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cancer center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyue Jiang
- Department of Cancer center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Du
- Department of Cancer center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingrui Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Teng Li
- Department of Cancer center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Gong
- Department of Surgery, Beijing Changping Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bangwei Cao
- Department of Cancer center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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28
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Aboushousha T, Hammam O, Safwat G, Eesa A, Ahmed S, Esmat ME, Helmy AH. Differential Expression of RAGE, EGFR and Ki-67 in Primary Tumors and Lymph Node Deposits of Breast Carcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:2269-2277. [PMID: 30139236 PMCID: PMC6171384 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.8.2269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is a complex disease that results from the inheritance of a number of susceptible genes. Intensive search wok was conducted world-wide on molecular bases of breast cancer in order to achieve the best therapeutic modalities; however, breast cancer still remains a challengeable task. It is very important to determine if the biological parameters in metastatic regional lymph nodes are similar to that in the primary breast cancer because therapy is indicated for patients with synchronous metastatic regional lymph nodes of breast cancer. Difference in therapeutic response in cases of breast cancer may be assumed partially to variability in the biological behavior of tumor tissue in primary breast cancer and lymph node metastasis. Aim: Our aim is to evaluate any variability in the expression of three types of tissue markers in both the primary breast tumors and corresponding axillary lymph nodes in order to expect the targeted therapeutic effect on both sites. Material and Methods: Three markers from different categories; RAGE, EGFR and Ki-67 were immunohistochemicalyl studied for their expression in biopsy specimens from primary breast tumors and their corresponding axillary lymph nodes. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the expression of these markers between benign and malignant breast lesions. Although we found some differences in the expression of the three studied markers between primary breast cancer and corresponding axillary lymph nodes, yet these variations were mostly not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our findings support the validity of anti-RAGE and anti-EGFR therapy for treatment of both primary and nodal metastatic breast cancer in immunopositive cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Aboushousha
- Department of Pathology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt.
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29
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Liu X, Han X, Wan X, He C, Wang Y, Mao A, Yu F, Zhou T, Feng L, Zhang P, Jin J, Ma X. SPZ1 is critical for chemoresistance and aggressiveness in drug-resistant breast cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 156:43-51. [PMID: 30076850 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
It is believed that chemotherapeutic agents can enhance the malignancy of treated cancer cells in clinical situations, which is a major problem for chemotherapy. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood. Here, we demonstrated that chemotherapy up-regulates the levels of spermatogenic bHLH transcription factor zip 1 (SPZ1), and knockdown of SPZ1 in drug resistant breast cancers showed that SPZ1 is critical for regulating the chemoresistance, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in a Twist1-dependent manner. Moreover, suppressing SPZ1-Twist1 axis decreased the growth of tumor xenografts. Notably, we found a positive correlation between SPZ1 and Twist1 in breast cancer samples from patients with anthracycline or taxane-based chemotherapy. Thus, our results revealed a novel role of SPZ1 as an inducer of chemoresistance and aggressiveness under chemotherapy, and this suggests that therapeutic targeting of SPZ1 may not only enhance the sensitivity of breast cancer to chemotherapy, but also suppress breast cancer invasion and metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liu
- School of Medicine and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiping Han
- School of Medicine and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xu Wan
- School of Medicine and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chao He
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, China
| | - Aiqin Mao
- School of Medicine and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Fan Yu
- School of Medicine and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- School of Medicine and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lei Feng
- School of Medicine and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Medicine and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
| | - Jian Jin
- School of Medicine and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
| | - Xin Ma
- School of Medicine and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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30
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De La Cruz LM, Harhay MO, Zhang P, Ugras S. Impact of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Breast Cancer Subtype: Does Subtype Change and, if so, How? Ann Surg Oncol 2018; 25:3535-3540. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-018-6608-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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31
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Zhuang W, Xu Y, Li G, Hu J, Ma B, Yu T, Su X, Wang Y. Redox and pH Dual-Responsive Polymeric Micelles with Aggregation-Induced Emission Feature for Cellular Imaging and Chemotherapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:18489-18498. [PMID: 29737837 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b02890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Intelligent polymeric micelles for antitumor drug delivery and tumor bioimaging have drawn a broad attention because of their reduced systemic toxicity, enhanced efficacy of drugs, and potential application of tumor diagnosis. Herein, we developed a multifunctional polymeric micelle system based on a pH and redox dual-responsive mPEG-P(TPE- co-AEMA) copolymer for stimuli-triggered drug release and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active imaging. These mPEG-P(TPE- co-AEMA)-based micelles showed excellent biocompatibility and emission property, exhibiting great potential application for cellular imaging. Furthermore, the antitumor drug doxorubicin (DOX) could be encapsulated during self-assembly process with high loading efficiency, and a DOX-loaded micelle system with a size of 68.2 nm and narrow size distribution could be obtained. DOX-loaded micelles demonstrated great tumor suppression ability in vitro, and the dual-responsive triggered intracellular drug release could be further traced. Moreover, DOX-loaded micelles could efficiently accumulate at the tumor site because of enhanced permeability and retention effect and long circulation of micelles. Compared with free DOX, DOX-loaded micelles exhibited better antitumor effect and significantly reduced adverse effects. Given the efficient accumulation targeting to tumor tissue, dual-responsive drug release, and excellent AIE property, this polymeric micelle would be a potential candidate for cancer therapy and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Zhuang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Yangyang Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Gaocan Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Jun Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Boxuan Ma
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Tao Yu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Xin Su
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Yunbing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road , Chengdu 610064 , China
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32
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Ma G, Huang H, Li M, Li L, Kong P, Zhu Y, Xia T, Wang S. Plasma CCL5 promotes EMT-medicated epirubicin-resistance in locally advanced breast cancer. Cancer Biomark 2018; 22:405-415. [PMID: 29758926 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) is the standard treatment for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). Pathological complete response (pCR) is commonly used as a valid predictor of NCT long-term outcomes. Blood-based tumor biomarkers have the potential to predict response to NCT at early stage non-invasively. We believed plasma CCL5 could be a potential marker to predict NCT of LABC. Its efficiency and possible mechanism was studied in this work. Human Cytokine Antibody Microarray was applied to screen different cytokine concentration in plasma between low histological regression (Low-R) and high histological regression (High-R) patients. LABC patients were divided into two groups according to pathological reactivity. The concentration of plasma CCL5 in different groups was determined by ELISA analysis. CCK8 assay was performed to analyze epirubicin susceptibility of breast cancer cells. Transwell assay was performed to determine the effect of CCL5 on breast cancer cells' migration and invasion. qRT-PCR and western blot were used to verify the EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) markers in CCL5-treated and epirubicin-treated breast cancer cells. The concentration of plasma CCL5 of Low-R group was higher than High-R group before NCT. The plasma levels of CCL5 were significantly reduced after NCT in the group of high histological regression (High-R). Epirubicin susceptibility decreased in the breast cancer cells treated by recombinant CCL5. Migration and invasion were significantly enhanced in breast cancer cells treated by recombinant CCL5. E-cadherin expression was decreased whereas vimentin increased significantly in CCL5-treated breast cancer cells. The phosphorylation of ezrin in Y-567 and its downstream protein cortactin increased significantly in CCL5-treated breast cancer cells. Plasma CCL5 level could be a promised candidate to predict chemotherapy response of breast cancer. Plasma CCL5 plays an important role in EMT process of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Ma
- Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huaxing Huang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minghui Li
- Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Peng Kong
- Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yichao Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tiansong Xia
- Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shui Wang
- Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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33
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LeVasseur N, Gelmon KA. Can We Hang Our Hats on One Percent? Oncologist 2018; 23:642-644. [PMID: 29728470 PMCID: PMC6067937 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This commentary discusses the results of a recent study assessing Ki‐67 changes in residual breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie LeVasseur
- Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Karen A Gelmon
- Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
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34
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Yang L, Zhong X, Pu T, Qiu Y, Ye F, Bu H. Clinical significance and prognostic value of receptor conversion in hormone receptor positive breast cancers after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. World J Surg Oncol 2018. [PMID: 29514654 PMCID: PMC5842586 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-018-1332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is widely used in advanced breast cancer patients. However, there is little known about conversion frequency of estrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR) status for hormone receptor positive-breast cancer patients after NAC and their correlation with prognosis. Methods In this study, 231 breast cancer patients with residual disease after NAC were enrolled and divided into receptor stable group (having no conversion in both ER and PR status pre- and post-NAC) and any receptor conversion group (having any conversion in either ER or PR status). Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were used to compare survival differences between the two groups. Results Fifty-five patients (23.8%) had ER and/or PR conversion after NAC. Younger patients (≤ 50 years) were more likely to have receptor conversion (P = 0.014). For 213 patients (92.2%) who received adjuvant endocrinotherapy after surgery, the 5-year disease free survival (DFS) estimates for patients in the any receptor conversion group (55.2%) was worse than patients in the receptor stable group (73.7%, Log-rank test, P = 0.015). While the 5-year overall survival estimates for patients with or without receptor conversion were not statistically different (86.0 vs. 82.4%, Log-rank test, P = 0.587). In multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses, patients with any receptor conversion had worse DFS (hazard ratio, 1.995; 95% confidence interval, 1.130–3.521, P = 0.031). Conclusions It is necessary to recommend patients to test biomarkers in residual disease and pay more attention to patients who have any receptor conversion. These patients may need more individual therapy after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Yang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xue Xiang No.37, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhong
- Departments of Head and Neck and Mammary Gland Oncology, and Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tianjie Pu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xue Xiang No.37, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xue Xiang No.37, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xue Xiang No.37, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Hong Bu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China. .,Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xue Xiang No.37, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China.
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Vardaki I, Ceder S, Rutishauser D, Baltatzis G, Foukakis T, Panaretakis T. Periostin is identified as a putative metastatic marker in breast cancer-derived exosomes. Oncotarget 2018; 7:74966-74978. [PMID: 27589561 PMCID: PMC5342715 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BrCa) is the most frequent cancer type in women and a leading cause of cancer related deaths in the world. Despite the decrease in mortality due to better diagnostics and palliative care, there is a lack of prognostic markers of metastasis. Recently, the exploitation of liquid biopsies and in particular of the extracellular vesicles has shown promise in the identification of such prognostic markers. In this study we compared the proteomic content of exosomes derived from metastatic and non-metastatic human (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231) and mouse (67NR and 4T1) cell lines. We found significant differences not only in the amount of secreted exosomes but most importantly in the protein content of exosomes secreted from metastatic versus non-metastatic ones. We identified periostin as a protein that is enriched in exosomes secreted by metastatic cells and validated its presence in a pilot cohort of breast cancer patient samples with localized disease or lymph node (LN) metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioulia Vardaki
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sophia Ceder
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dorothea Rutishauser
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - George Baltatzis
- Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros Foukakis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Theocharis Panaretakis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Pedrini JL, Savaris RF, Schorr MC, Cambruzi E, Grudzinski M, Zettler CG. The Effect of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Hormone Receptor Status, HER2/neu and Prolactin in Breast Cancer. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 97:704-10. [DOI: 10.1177/030089161109700605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aims and Background Histological and immunohistochemical findings may vary in cases of breast cancer. Possible changes in tumor markers between biopsies performed before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy are controversial and pose a challenge when a clinical decision is needed. The objectives of the present study were: (i) to compare the immunohistochemical expression of estrogen, progesterone and prolactin receptors and HER-2/neu in breast cancer before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy; and (ii) to correlate the expression of these tumor markers with partial tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods and Study Design Immunohistochemical staining for breast tumor markers was performed in 90 cases of breast cancer. Statistical analysis was carried out using Fisher's exact test, McNemar's test, Spearman's correlation and the Kappa index with linear weighting (κ). Results Agreement between markers before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was fair to moderate (κ = 0.37–0.51). The immunohistochemical expression of HER-2/neu and prolactin receptors showed a significant, albeit weak correlation before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (HER-2/neu, rho = 0.34; P = 0.0009; κ = 0.35 [95% CI, 0.19–0.51]). Prolactin status changed in 28/90 cases (P = 0.001; McNemar's test), whereas no changes were found in estrogen or progesterone receptors. No association was found between tumor marker expression and tumor response. Conclusions It seems prudent to reevaluate immunohistochemical markers such as HER-2/neu after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, since the findings will guide the strategy for implementation of adjuvant systemic treatment. No correlation was found between the tumor markers analyzed in the present study and partial tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luiz Pedrini
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, Grupo Hospitalar Conceição, Porto Alegre
| | - Ricardo Francalacci Savaris
- Dept Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências Cirúrgicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre
| | | | - Eduardo Cambruzi
- Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição – Grupo Hospitalar Conceição, Porto Alegre
| | - Melina Grudzinski
- Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição – Grupo Hospitalar Conceição, Porto Alegre
| | - Cláudio Galleano Zettler
- Dept de Patologia – Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Phenotypic alterations in breast cancer associated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A comparison with baseline rates of change. Ann Diagn Pathol 2017; 31:14-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Pathologic Response of HER2-positive Gastric Cancer to Trastuzumab-based Chemotherapy. Am J Surg Pathol 2017; 40:1326-33. [PMID: 27259008 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000000672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Trastuzumab-based chemotherapy is now a standard approach for patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive advanced gastric cancer. However, histopathologic changes after treatment have yet to be elucidated. This study aims to characterize the histologic response of gastric cancer to trastuzumab treatment and its correlation with HER2 status. Twenty-one advanced HER2-positive gastric cancers treated with trastuzumab-based chemotherapy, including 10 surgically resected specimens and 11 biopsy samples from patients with inoperable tumors, were evaluated for the histologic responses and HER2 status of residual cells. We also reviewed, as controls, 10 cases undergoing surgical resection of tumors after chemotherapy without trastuzumab. Complete and partial histologic responses were obtained in 2 and 8 of the surgical cases, respectively. HER2-positive neoplastic cells were recognized at least focally in the 8 cases. Notably, the proportion of HER2-positive cells was always higher in superficial (mucosal/submucosal) layers than in deeper layers. Three specimens contained HER2-positive neoplastic cells exclusively in the superficial area or intravascular space, whereas deeply invasive or metastatic components almost completely disappeared or were HER2 negative when still present. In contrast, HER2-negative cells or residual tumor cells in control cases tended to survive as well or better in deeply invasive areas or in metastases than in superficial areas. Biopsy samples from nonoperative patients remained HER2 positive after treatment in 8 of 11 patients. Our observations suggest that HER2-positive neoplastic cells tend to survive within superficial areas or intravascular spaces after trastuzumab therapy, even when deeply invasive or metastatic lesions responded well to therapy.
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TRPC5-induced autophagy promotes drug resistance in breast carcinoma via CaMKKβ/AMPKα/mTOR pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3158. [PMID: 28600513 PMCID: PMC5466655 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03230-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adriamycin is a first-line chemotherapy agent against cancer, but the development of resistance has become a major problem. Although autophagy is considered to be an adaptive survival response in response to chemotherapy and may be associated with chemoresistance, its inducer and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that adriamycin up-regulates the both levels of TRPC5 and autophagy, and the increase in autophagy is mediated by TRPC5 in breast cancer cells. Blockade of TRPC5 or autophagy increased the sensitivity to chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. Notably, we revealed a positive correlation between TRPC5 and the autophagy-associated protein LC3 in paired patients with or without anthracycline-taxane-based chemotherapy. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition and gene-silencing showed that the cytoprotective autophagy mediated by TRPC5 during adriamycin treatment is dependent on the CaMKKβ/AMPKα/mTOR pathway. Moreover, adriamycin-resistant MCF-7/ADM cells maintained a high basal level of autophagy, and silencing of TRPC5 and inhibition of autophagy counteracted the resistance to adriamycin. Thus, our results revealed a novel role of TRPC5 as an inducer of autophagy, and this suggests a novel mechanism of drug resistance in chemotherapy for breast cancer.
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Breast cancer biomarkers before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: does repeat testing impact therapeutic management? Hum Pathol 2016; 62:215-221. [PMID: 28041972 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), there is no consensus on retesting biomarkers within the excision specimen. Our aim was to investigate the clinical relevance of biomarker changes post-NAC at a large tertiary medical center. A retrospective search was performed to identify cases from 2012 to 2015 with needle biopsy-confirmed invasive breast carcinoma treated with NAC and subsequent excision containing residual invasive tumor. Biomarkers (estrogen receptor [ER], progesterone receptor [PR], and HER2/neu [HER2]) were performed on all pre-NAC biopsies. One hundred fifty-four NAC-treated cases were identified in which 83 (54%) had repeat testing of at least 1 biomarker on the surgical specimen. Twenty-five (30%) of 83 repeated cases demonstrated changes in pre-NAC biopsy versus post-NAC resection biomarker status. There was no impact of age or grade on biomarker status changes. Tumors that were triple negative at biopsy were more likely to remain triple negative. Clinically relevant changes were identified including the following: (1) ER negative to ER positive, 2 (3%) of 75; (2) PR negative to PR positive with ER negative both pre- and post-NAC, 2 (3%) of 73; and (3) HER2 negative to positive, 1 (1%) of 77. Four of 5 of the changes led to modifications of the adjuvant treatment regimen, including the addition of adjuvant tamoxifen, anastrazole, or trastuzumab. In summary, post-NAC biomarker repeat testing in patients with breast cancer impacts therapeutic management in a small subset of patients and therefore, repeat testing may be considered for patients that are hormone receptor and/or HER2 negative before NAC.
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Zhang P, He D, Chen Z, Pan Q, Du F, Zang X, Wang Y, Tang C, Li H, Lu H, Yao X, Jin J, Ma X. Chemotherapy enhances tumor vascularization via Notch signaling-mediated formation of tumor-derived endothelium in breast cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 118:18-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Clinical and microarray analysis of breast cancers of all subtypes from two prospective preoperative chemotherapy studies. Br J Cancer 2016; 115:411-9. [PMID: 27415010 PMCID: PMC4985347 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: We aimed to analyse clinical and gene expression profiles to predict pathologic complete response and disease-free survival using two consecutive, prospective, preoperative chemotherapy trial cohorts. Methods: Clinicopathological and gene expression data were evaluated in a cohort from two consecutive phase II preoperative studies that included patients with stage IIA–IIIC breast cancer of all subtypes. Analysed specimens were obtained before preoperative chemotherapy, and cDNA microarray analyses were performed using the Affymetrix Gene Chip U133 plus 2.0. Results: Between December 2005 and December 2010, 122 patients were analysed. The pathologic complete response rate was significantly higher in HER2+ and HR−/HER2− cancers. Age, pathologic complete response, HR−/HER2− status, and lymph node positivity (⩾4) were significant poor prognostic factors for disease-free survival. For the cDNA microarray analyses, sufficient tumour samples were available from 78 of the 107 patients (73%). An 8-gene signature predictive of pathologic complete response and a 17-gene signature predictive of prognosis were identified. Patients were categorised into low-risk (n=45) and high-risk groups (n=33) (HR 70.0, P=0.004). Conclusions: This study yielded preliminary data on the expression of specific genes predicting pathologic complete response and disease-free survival in a cohort of chemonaïve breast cancer patients. Further validation may distinguish those who would benefit most from perioperative chemotherapy as well as those needing further intervention.
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Dębska-Szmich S, Krakowska M, Czernek U, Habib-Lisik M, Zięba A, Potemski P. The role of preoperative systemic treatment in patients with breast cancer. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2016; 20:93-101. [PMID: 27358586 PMCID: PMC4925732 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2016.60067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of preoperative pharmacotherapy in patients with breast cancer is to enable breast conserving surgery in stage T3N0-1M0 or radical mastectomy in patients with primary inoperative tumors (T1-4N0-3M0). The choice of optimal treatment should be based not only on risk factors resulting from the stage but also on predicted cancer responsiveness to the treatment. The breast cancer subtypes defined by immunohistochemical profile (expression of ER, PR, HER2 and Ki67) are characterized by different responsiveness to therapy. Complete response confirmed by histopathological evaluation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a positive prognostic factor in some breast cancer subtypes. This marker is not of value in postmenopausal patients with ER/PR+ HER2- tumors, who are candidates for neoadjuvant hormone therapy. These patients have a good prognosis if in a histopathological report after surgery there are features such as pT1, pN0, Ki67 < 3%, and ER Allred score ≥ 3. The goal of the paper is to present current knowledge about preoperative pharmacotherapy of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Dębska-Szmich
- Department of Chemotherapy, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Krakowska
- Department of Chemotherapy, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Urszula Czernek
- Department of Chemotherapy, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Maja Habib-Lisik
- Department of Chemotherapy, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zięba
- Department of Chemotherapy, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Potemski
- Department of Chemotherapy, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
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Gahlaut R, Bennett A, Fatayer H, Dall BJ, Sharma N, Velikova G, Perren T, Dodwell D, Lansdown M, Shaaban AM. Effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on breast cancer phenotype, ER/PR and HER2 expression – Implications for the practising oncologist. Eur J Cancer 2016; 60:40-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Prognostic value of receptor conversion after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients: a prospective observational study. Oncotarget 2016; 6:9600-11. [PMID: 25826079 PMCID: PMC4496242 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The hormone receptor (HR) status and human epidermal growth hormone receptor 2 (HER2) status of patients with breast cancer may change following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT). This prospective observational study aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of receptor conversion in breast cancer patients treated with NCT.Of the 423 consecutive patients who had residual disease in the breast after NCT, 55 (13.0%) changed from HR (+) to HR (-), 23 (5.4%) changed from HR (-) to HR (+), 27 (6.4%) changed from HER2 (+) to HER2 (-), and 13 (3.1%) changed from HER2 (-) to HER2 (+). A total of 54 (12.8%) changed to the triple-negative (TN) tumor phenotype. The loss of HR positivity was an independent prognostic factor for worse disease-free survival (DFS) and worse overall survival (OS) in multivariate survival analysis. Furthermore, the switch to the TN phenotype after NCT was another independent prognostic factor for worse survival for both DFS and OS. In conclusion, patients with breast cancer may experience changes in HR status, HER2 status and tumor phenotype after NCT. The loss of HR positivity and the switch to the TN phenotype after NCT were associated with a worse patient outcome.
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Zhao S, Xu L, Liu W, Lv C, Zhang K, Gao H, Wang J, Ma R. Comparison of the expression of prognostic biomarkers between primary tumor and axillary lymph node metastases in breast cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:5744-5748. [PMID: 26191291 PMCID: PMC4503162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The prognosis and prediction of axillary lymph node (ALN) metastases in breast cancer is traditionally based upon the biomarkers status of the primary tumor. Some retrospective studies showed significant discordance in receptor expression between primary and metastatic tumors. We aim to prospectively assess the incidence of discordant biomarkers status in primary tumor and ALN metastases and to evaluate the role of ALN biopsies for the reassessment of receptor status. Tissue arrays were constructed from 54 breast cancer patients with ALN metastases diagnosed. Arrays were immuno-stained to compare protein expression of four biomarkers including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER2, and Ki67 by immunohistochemistry. The kappa value of consistency in the primary tumor and the metastatic lymph nodes were 0.465 for ER, 0.445 for PR, and 0.706 for HER2. Good consistency was shown for Ki67 expression in primary and metastases regions with T test. No significant difference is existed between primary tumor and ALN metastases. It is concluded that the good consistency is present for ER, PR, HER2 and Ki67 between the primary tumor and the metastatic lymph nodes, suggesting that ER, PR, HER2, or Ki67 status in primary tumors could reflect their status in ALN metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Lanwei Xu
- Department of Surgery, Shandong Provincial HospitalJinan 250012, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Cuixia Lv
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and PreventionJinan 250012, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Haidong Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jianli Wang
- Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, Shandong, P. R. China
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Parinyanitikul N, Lei X, Chavez-MacGregor M, Liu S, Mittendorf EA, Litton JK, Woodward W, Zhang AH, Hortobagyi GN, Valero V, Meric-Bernstam F, Gonzalez-Angulo AM. Receptor status change from primary to residual breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and analysis of survival outcomes. Clin Breast Cancer 2015; 15:153-60. [PMID: 25454687 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the frequency of receptor change from pretreatment to residual breast cancer after NCT and their correlation with outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS Three hundred ninety-eight women were identified retrospectively. Estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2 were reviewed. Patients were classified as not having receptor change versus any receptor change. Kaplan-Meier was used to estimate survival outcomes according to changes. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the association of receptor status changes with outcomes after adjustment for patient and tumor characteristics. RESULTS One hundred sixty-two (40.7%) patients had a change in at least 1 of the receptors from pretreatment to residual disease. Patients who had no change in receptor status had a significantly greater triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) rate at baseline (P = .0001). Of the 193 hormone receptor (HR)-positive tumors, 9 (4.7%) and 29 (15.1%) became HER2-positive and TNBC, respectively. Of the 72 HER2-positive tumors, 20 (27.8%) and 9 (12.5%) became HR-positive and TNBC, respectively. Of the 128 TNBC tumors, only 2 (1.6%) and 33 (25.8%) became HER2-positive and HR-positive, respectively. At a median follow up of 40 months, 5-year overall survival (OS) was 73% and 63%; and 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS) was 63% and 48% for patients with or without any receptor change (P = .07 and P = .003), respectively. Any receptor change was associated with better RFS (hazard ratio, 0.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.44-0.9) but not OS. (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.53-1.18). CONCLUSION Changes in receptor status between the pretreatment and residual disease after NCT are frequent and appear to be associated with improved RFS because of the receptor stability of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napa Parinyanitikul
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Xiudong Lei
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Mariana Chavez-MacGregor
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Shuying Liu
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Elizabeth A Mittendorf
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jennifer K Litton
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Wendy Woodward
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Amy Hong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Gabriel N Hortobagyi
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Vicente Valero
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
| | - Ana M Gonzalez-Angulo
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Cui J, Li P, Liu X, Hu H, Wei W. Abnormal expression of the Notch and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in stem-like ALDH hiCD44 + cells correlates highly with Ki-67 expression in breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2015; 9:1600-1606. [PMID: 25789008 PMCID: PMC4356390 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.2942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that breast cancer stem cells may be closely associated with tumor metastasis, recurrence, and even the failure of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether important cell signaling pathways associated with drug resistance are activated in stem-like acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)hi cluster of differentiation (CD)44+ cells, and to analyze the association between ALDHhiCD44+ cells and specific pathological features. ALDHhiCD44+ cells and non-stem-like ALDHlowCD44+ cells were separated from MDA-MB-231 cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and the mRNA expression levels of Notch1 and β-catenin were estimated by performing quantitative polymerase chain reaction in the stem-like and non-stem-like cells. Line correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between an immunohistochemical panel of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and Ki-67, and ALDHhiCD44+ cells from patients with invasive breast carcinoma. The mRNA levels of Notch1 and β-catenin were significantly higher in the ALDHhiCD44+ cells compared with those in the ALDHlowCD44+ cells (P<0.05); furthermore, the present study determined a high correlation (P<0.05) between the ALDHhiCD44+ cells and Ki-67 expression (P=0.007), but no correlation (P≥0.05) with ER (P=0.065), PR (P=0.107) and HER2 (P=0.050). Overall, these data clearly indicate that ALDHhiCD44+ cells may serve as novel diagnostic and prognostic factors in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Cui
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
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Jin G, Han Y, Liu C, Chen L, Ding B, Xuan S, Liu X, Ma G, Gao J, Tian X. Evaluation of biomarker changes after administration of various neoadjuvant chemotherapies in breast cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:914-921. [PMID: 25755795 PMCID: PMC4348938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To assess the changes in estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and Ki-67 expression in breast cancer patients after various neoadjuvant chemotherapies. Data from 138 locally advanced breast cancer patients with histological diagnoses were reviewed. Seventy patients (group 1) were given 4 cycles of 500 mg/m(2) cyclophosphamide and 50 mg/m(2) pirarubicin every 21 days. Sixty-eight patients (group 2) were given 4 cycles of 500 mg/m(2) cyclophosphamide and 75 mg/m(2) docetaxel every 21 days. The biomarker changes of the operated tumor tissues were compared with the initial core biopsies. ER, PR, HER2 and Ki-67 expression changed by 28.6%, 22.9%, 17.1% and 54.3%, respectively, after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in group 1 and 16.2%, 22.1%, 13.2% and 70.6%, respectively, after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in group 2. There were significant differences between the groups regarding ER and Ki-67 status changes, and these changes can be used to inform treatment strategies.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Carcinoma/drug therapy
- Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage
- Docetaxel
- Doxorubicin/administration & dosage
- Doxorubicin/analogs & derivatives
- Female
- Humans
- Ki-67 Antigen/analysis
- Ki-67 Antigen/biosynthesis
- Ki-67 Antigen/drug effects
- Middle Aged
- Neoadjuvant Therapy
- Receptor, ErbB-2/analysis
- Receptor, ErbB-2/biosynthesis
- Receptor, ErbB-2/drug effects
- Receptors, Estrogen/analysis
- Receptors, Estrogen/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Estrogen/drug effects
- Receptors, Progesterone/analysis
- Receptors, Progesterone/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Progesterone/drug effects
- Taxoids/administration & dosage
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangchao Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Yu Han
- Intensive Care Unit, Shan Dong Province Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Cun Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Liansheng Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Butong Ding
- Department of Pathology, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Shijin Xuan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Xianqiang Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Guohui Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Xingsong Tian
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shan Dong Province Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, P.R. China
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Outcomes of adjuvant endocrine therapy and hormone receptor status change following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Int J Biol Markers 2014; 29:e380-6. [PMID: 25385240 DOI: 10.5301/jbm.5000113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This retrospective study investigated the therapeutic benefit of adjuvant endocrine therapy (ET) in breast cancer patients with hormone receptor (HR) status change from positive to negative after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). METHODS From December 2000 to November 2010, 97 eligible patients with a positive-to-negative switch of HR status after NAC were identified. All patients were categorized into 2 groups on the basis of the administration of ET: 57 ET-administered patients and 40 ET-naïve patients. Survival analyses were performed to examine the prognostic value of ET administration as well as other clinical and pathologic variables. RESULTS The administration of ET was significantly associated with improved disease-free survival (p=0.018) in patients with a positive-to-negative switch of HR status. The 5-year disease-free survival rates were 77.0% and 55.5%, respectively, in ET-administered patients and ET-naïve patients. The 5-year overall survival rate for ET-administered patients was also higher than that of ET-naïve patients (81.3% vs. 72.7%, p=0.053), albeit this was statistically insignificant. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that patients with HR altered from positive to negative after NAC still benefit from ET. The HR status should be evaluated not only in specimens obtained during post-NAC surgery but also in specimens biopsied before NAC.
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