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Sazonova EN, Gusev IA, Filatova TS. Effects of Non-Opiate Analogue of Leu-Enkephalin on the Ion Currents, Number of Nucleoli, and p53 Expression in Isolated Cardiomyocytes of Albino Rats. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 175:544-548. [PMID: 37768450 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05902-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Acute exposure of isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes to non-opiate analogue of leu-enkephalin (NALE peptide: Phe-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg) in a concentration of 100 μg/liter and 6-h incubation in NALE solution did not significantly change ATP-dependent K+ current, L-type Ca2+ current, p53 protein expression, and number of nucleoli in the cardiomyocyte nuclei. Incubation of cardiomyocytes with NALE (100 μg/liter) in combination with NOP receptor blocker J-113397 (1 mg/liter) was followed by an increase in Ca2+ L-type current and the number of p53+ cells. The exposure of cardiomyocytes to NALE in a concentration 1000 μg/liter induced similar changes in the studied parameters (increase in Ca2+ L-type current and number of p53+ cardiomyocytes); an increase in the mean number of nucleoli was also observed. Our findings suggest that NALE peptide has direct effect on cardiomyocytes and NOP receptors are involved in this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- E N Sazonova
- Far Eastern State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Khabarovsk, Russia
- Khabarovsk Branch of Far-Eastern Research Center of Physiology and Pathology of Breath, Research Institute of Maternity and Childhood Protection, Khabarovsk, Russia
| | - I A Gusev
- Far Eastern State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Khabarovsk, Russia.
| | - T S Filatova
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Popov SV, Mukhomedzyanov AV, Maslov LN, Naryzhnaya NV, Kurbatov BK, Prasad NR, Singh N, Fu F, Azev VN. The Infarct-Reducing Effect of the δ 2 Opioid Receptor Agonist Deltorphin II: The Molecular Mechanism. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:63. [PMID: 36676870 PMCID: PMC9862914 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The search for novel drugs for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction and reperfusion injury of the heart is an urgent aim of modern pharmacology. Opioid peptides could be such potential drugs in this area. However, the molecular mechanism of the infarct-limiting effect of opioids in reperfusion remains unexplored. The objective of this research was to study the signaling mechanisms of the cardioprotective effect of deltorphin II in reperfusion. Rats were subjected to coronary artery occlusion (45 min) and reperfusion (2 h). The ratio of infarct size/area at risk was determined. This study indicated that the cardioprotective effect of deltorphin II in reperfusion is mediated via the activation of peripheral δ2 opioid receptor (OR), which is most likely localized in cardiomyocytes. We studied the role of guanylyl cyclase, protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3-kinase), extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2-kinase), ATP-sensitive K+-channels (KATP channels), mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), NO synthase (NOS), protein kinase A (PKA), Janus 2 kinase, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), the large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (BKCa-channel), reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cardioprotective effect of deltorphin II. The infarct-reducing effect of deltorphin II appeared to be mediated via the activation of PKCδ, PI3-kinase, ERK1/2-kinase, sarcolemmal KATP channel opening, and MPTP closing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V. Popov
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634012 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexandr V. Mukhomedzyanov
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634012 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Leonid N. Maslov
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634012 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Natalia V. Naryzhnaya
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634012 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Boris K. Kurbatov
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634012 Tomsk, Russia
| | - N. Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram 608002, India
| | - Nirmal Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India
| | - Feng Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Viacheslav N. Azev
- The Branch of the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Pushchino, Russia
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Effect of Prenatal Opioid Exposure on the Human Placental Methylome. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051150. [PMID: 35625888 PMCID: PMC9138340 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to addictive drugs can lead to placental epigenetic modifications, but a methylome-wide evaluation of placental DNA methylation changes after prenatal opioid exposure has not yet been performed. Placental tissue samples were collected at delivery from 19 opioid-exposed and 20 unexposed control full-term pregnancies. Placental DNA methylomes were profiled using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylationEPIC BeadChip. Differentially methylated CpG sites associated with opioid exposure were identified with a linear model using the ‘limma’ R package. To identify differentially methylated regions (DMRs) spanning multiple CpG sites, the ‘DMRcate’ R package was used. The functions of genes mapped by differentially methylated CpG sites and DMRs were further annotated using Enrichr. Differentially methylated CpGs (n = 684, unadjusted p < 0.005 and |∆β| ≥ 0.05) were mapped to 258 genes (including PLD1, MGAM, and ALCS2). Differentially methylated regions (n = 199) were located in 174 genes (including KCNMA1). Enrichment analysis of the top differentially methylated CpG sites and regions indicated disrupted epigenetic regulation of genes involved in synaptic structure, chemical synaptic transmission, and nervous system development. Our findings imply that placental epigenetic changes due to prenatal opioid exposure could result in placental dysfunction, leading to abnormal fetal brain development and the symptoms of opioid withdrawal in neonates.
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Specific BK Channel Activator NS11021 Protects Rat Renal Proximal Tubular Cells from Cold Storage-Induced Mitochondrial Injury In Vitro. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120825. [PMID: 31817165 PMCID: PMC6995623 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidneys from deceased donors used for transplantation are placed in cold storage (CS) solution during the search for a matched recipient. However, CS causes mitochondrial injury, which may exacerbate renal graft dysfunction. Here, we explored whether adding NS11021, an activator of the mitochondrial big-conductance calcium-activated K+ (mitoBK) channel, to CS solution can mitigate CS-induced mitochondrial injury. We used normal rat kidney proximal tubular epithelial (NRK) cells as an in vitro model of renal cold storage (18 h) and rewarming (2 h) (CS + RW). Western blots detected the pore-forming α subunit of the BK channel in mitochondrial fractions from NRK cells. The fluorescent K+-binding probe, PBFI-AM, revealed that isolated mitochondria from NRK cells exhibited mitoBK-mediated K+ uptake, which was impaired ~70% in NRK cells subjected to CS + RW compared to control NRK cells maintained at 37 °C. Importantly, the addition of 1 μM NS11021 to CS solution prevented CS + RW-induced impairment of mitoBK-mediated K+ uptake. The NS11021–treated NRK cells also exhibited less cell death and mitochondrial injury after CS + RW, including mitigated mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction, depolarization, and superoxide production. In summary, these new data show for the first time that mitoBK channels may represent a therapeutic target to prevent renal CS-induced injury.
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Schattauer SS, Bedini A, Summers F, Reilly-Treat A, Andrews MM, Land BB, Chavkin C. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is stimulated by κ opioid receptor activation through phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase and inhibited by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:16884-16896. [PMID: 31575661 PMCID: PMC6851317 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) by the Gi/o protein-coupled κ opioid receptor (KOR), μ opioid, and D2 dopamine receptors stimulates peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6)-mediated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS production by KOR-inactivating antagonists norbinaltorphimine (norBNI) and JDTic blocks Gαi protein activation, but the signaling mechanisms and consequences of JNK activation by KOR agonists remain uncharacterized. Binding of arrestins to KOR causes desensitization of G protein signaling and acts as a scaffold to initiate MAPK activation. Here, we found that the KOR agonists U50,488 and dynorphin B stimulated biphasic JNK activation with an early arrestin-independent phase, requiring the small G protein RAC family small GTPase 1 (RAC1) and protein kinase C (PKC), and a later arrestin-scaffolded phase, requiring RAC1 and Ras homolog family member (RHO) kinase. JNK activation by U50,488 and dynorphin B also stimulated PRDX6-dependent ROS production but with an inverted U-shaped dose-response relationship. KOR agonist-induced ROS generation resulted from the early arrestin-independent phase of JNK activation, and this ROS response was suppressed by arrestin-dependent activation of the MAPK p38. The apparent balance between p38 MAPK and JNK/ROS signaling has important physiological implications for understanding of dynorphin activities during the stress response. To visualize these activities, we monitored KOR agonist-mediated activation of ROS in transfected live cells by two fluorescent sensors, CellROX Green and HyPerRed. These findings establish an important aspect of opioid receptor signaling and suggest that ROS induction may be part of the physiological response to KOR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selena S Schattauer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Andrea Bedini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Irnerio, 48-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Floyd Summers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Aiden Reilly-Treat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Mackenzie M Andrews
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington College of Engineering, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Benjamin B Land
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Charles Chavkin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
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Liu CH, Hua N, Fu X, Pan YL, Li B, Li XD. Metformin regulates atrial SK2 and SK3 expression through inhibiting the PKC/ERK signaling pathway in type 2 diabetic rats. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2018; 18:236. [PMID: 30545309 PMCID: PMC6293565 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-018-0950-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous study showed that metformin regulates the mRNA and protein levels of type 2 small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (SK2) and type 3 small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (SK3) in atrial tissue as well as the ion current of atrial myocytes in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the underlying signaling mechanism is unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether metformin regulates atrial SK2 and SK3 protein expression in T2DM rats though the protein kinase C (PKC)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. Methods A T2DM rat model was established using a high-fat and high-sugar diet combined with a low-dose intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). The rats were randomly divided into the following five groups: the control group, the untreated T2DM group, the metformin-treated only group, the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; a PKC agonist administered by intraperitoneal injection) treatment group, and the recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rh-EGF; an ERK agonist administered by tail vein injection) treatment group. The activity of PKC in atrial tissues was assayed by a PKC kinase activity assay kit. The protein expression of SK2, SK3, and phosphorylated ERK (pERK) were determined by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the Control group, atrial PKC activity and pERK and SK3 protein expression were increased, while SK2 protein expression was decreased in atrial tissues of T2DM rats. Eight weeks of metformin treatment inhibited the PKC activity and pERK and SK3 expression, and elevated SK2 expression compared with the T2DM group. Compared with the metformin-treated only group, the injection of rh-EGF increased pERK and SK3 expression, and decreased SK2 expression; the injection of PMA increased PKC activity and SK3 expression, and decreased SK2 expression. In addition, the injection with PMA significantly elevated the expression of pERK. Conclusions The PKC/ERK signaling pathway is involved in the downregulation of SK2 expression and the upregulation of SK3 expression in the atrium of T2DM rats. Long-term metformin treatment prevents the SK2 downregulation and the SK3 upregulation through inhibiting the PKC/ERK signaling pathway. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12872-018-0950-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-He Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Hua
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Long Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.
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Yazdanshenas R, Gharib F. Solubility and thermodynamic functions measurement of morin hydrate in different alcohols. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.02.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Maslov LN, Khaliulin I, Oeltgen PR, Naryzhnaya NV, Pei J, Brown SA, Lishmanov YB, Downey JM. Prospects for Creation of Cardioprotective and Antiarrhythmic Drugs Based on Opioid Receptor Agonists. Med Res Rev 2016; 36:871-923. [PMID: 27197922 PMCID: PMC5082499 DOI: 10.1002/med.21395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
It has now been demonstrated that the μ, δ1 , δ2 , and κ1 opioid receptor (OR) agonists represent the most promising group of opioids for the creation of drugs enhancing cardiac tolerance to the detrimental effects of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Opioids are able to prevent necrosis and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes during I/R and improve cardiac contractility in the reperfusion period. The OR agonists exert an infarct-reducing effect with prophylactic administration and prevent reperfusion-induced cardiomyocyte death when ischemic injury of heart has already occurred; that is, opioids can mimic preconditioning and postconditioning phenomena. Furthermore, opioids are also effective in preventing ischemia-induced arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Igor Khaliulin
- School of Clinical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | | | | | - Jian‐Ming Pei
- Department of PhysiologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP. R. China
| | | | - Yury B. Lishmanov
- Research Institute for CardiologyTomskRussia
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University634050TomskRussia
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Cheng XQ, Zhang JY, Gao SS, Wu H, Zuo YM, Gu EW, Chen ZW. Sufentanil attenuates impairment of the endothelium-dependent vasodilation induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation in the rat coronary artery. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 94:1309-1314. [PMID: 27533316 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sufentanil has been used broadly in cardiac surgery, but the mechanisms by which it modulates coronary vascular tone after ischemia-reperfusion injury are largely unknown. Effects of sufentanil on coronary tone and on the relaxation of rat coronary arteries (CAs) in response to endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine) and endothelium-independent (sodium nitroprusside) relaxing agents in the presence of hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) was studied in an in vitro organ chamber setup. Sufentanil (10-7-10-4 mol/L) relaxed rat CA rings in endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent manners. In endothelium-intact rings, preincubation of H/R-treated CAs with sufentanil (10-5 mol/L) significantly increased the acetylcholine response, but did not augment sodium nitroprusside-induced relaxation. Sufentanil-mediated potentiation of acetylcholine-induced relaxation was not affected by a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor or by intermediate- or small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel blockers. However, potentiation was abolished by iberiotoxin (100 nmol/L), a selective inhibitor of large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels, as well as Rp-cAMPS (30 μmol/L), a cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) inhibitor. Sufentanil induced endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent relaxation and attenuated H/R-induced impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilation in the rat CAs. The potentiating effect of sufentanil may involve activation of large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels via cAMP-dependent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Qi Cheng
- a Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.,b Department of Anaesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Jun-Yan Zhang
- a Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shan-Shan Gao
- a Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Hao Wu
- b Department of Anaesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - You-Mei Zuo
- b Department of Anaesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Er-Wei Gu
- b Department of Anaesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Zhi-Wu Chen
- a Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
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Belyaeva EA. The effect of modulators of large-conductance Ca2+-modulated K+ channels on rat AS-30D ascites hepatoma cells and isolated liver mitochondria treated with Cd2+. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093015040018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Zhang JY, Cheng K, Lai D, Kong LH, Shen M, Yi F, Liu B, Wu F, Zhou JJ. Cardiac sodium/calcium exchanger preconditioning promotes anti-arrhythmic and cardioprotective effects through mitochondrial calcium-activated potassium channel. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:10239-10249. [PMID: 26617732 PMCID: PMC4637547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reverse-mode of the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX) stimulation provides cardioprotective effects for the ischemic/reperfused heart during ischemic preconditioning (IP). This study was designed to test the hypothesis that pretreatment with an inhibitor of cardiac delayed-rectifying K(+) channel (IKr), E4031, increases reverse-mode of NCX activity, and triggers preconditioning against infarct size (IS) and arrhythmias caused by ischemia/reperfusion injury through mitoKCa channels. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the isolated perfused rat heart, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury was created by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min followed by 120 min reperfusion. Two cycles of coronary occlusion for 5 min and reperfusion were performed, or pretreatment with E4031 or sevoflurane (Sevo) before the 30 min occlusion with the reversed-mode of NCX inhibitor (KB-R7943) or not. RESULTS E4031 or Sevo preconditioning not only markedly decreased IS but also reduced arrhythmias, which was significantly blunted by KB-R7943. Furthermore, these effects of E4031 preconditioning on IS and arrhythmias were abolished by inhibition of the mitoKCa channels. Similarly, pretreatment with NS1619, an opener of the mitoKCa channels, for 10 min before occlusion reduced both the infarct size and arrhythmias caused by ischemia/reperfusion. However, these effects weren't affected by blockade of the NCX with KB-R7943. CONCLUSION Taken together, these preliminary results conclude that pretreatment with E4031 reduces infarct size and produces anti-arrhythmic effect via stimulating the reverse-mode NCX, and that the mitoKCa channels mediate the protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ying Zhang
- Department of Physiology, The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Kang Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Dong Lai
- Five-Year Medical Student of Grade 2012 in The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ling-Heng Kong
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical College Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Min Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Fu Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jing-Jun Zhou
- Department of Physiology, The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032, China
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Headrick JP, See Hoe LE, Du Toit EF, Peart JN. Opioid receptors and cardioprotection - 'opioidergic conditioning' of the heart. Br J Pharmacol 2015. [PMID: 25521834 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13042.pubmed:25521834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) remains a major cause of morbidity/mortality globally, firmly established in Westernized or 'developed' countries and rising in prevalence in developing nations. Thus, cardioprotective therapies to limit myocardial damage with associated ischaemia-reperfusion (I-R), during infarction or surgical ischaemia, is a very important, although still elusive, clinical goal. The opioid receptor system, encompassing the δ (vas deferens), κ (ketocyclazocine) and μ (morphine) opioid receptors and their endogenous opioid ligands (endorphins, dynorphins, enkephalins), appears as a logical candidate for such exploitation. This regulatory system may orchestrate organism and organ responses to stress, induces mammalian hibernation and associated metabolic protection, triggers powerful adaptive stress resistance in response to ischaemia/hypoxia (preconditioning), and mediates cardiac benefit stemming from physical activity. In addition to direct myocardial actions, central opioid receptor signalling may also enhance the ability of the heart to withstand I-R injury. The δ- and κ-opioid receptors are strongly implicated in cardioprotection across models and species (including anti-infarct and anti-arrhythmic actions), with mixed evidence for μ opioid receptor-dependent protection in animal and human tissues. A small number of clinical trials have provided evidence of cardiac benefit from morphine or remifentanil in cardiopulmonary bypass or coronary angioplasty patients, although further trials of subtype-specific opioid receptor agonists are needed. The precise roles and utility of this GPCR family in healthy and diseased human myocardium, and in mediating central and peripheral survival responses, warrant further investigation, as do the putative negative influences of ageing, IHD co-morbidities, and relevant drugs on opioid receptor signalling and protective responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Headrick
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute Griffith University, Southport, Qld., Australia
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Headrick JP, See Hoe LE, Du Toit EF, Peart JN. Opioid receptors and cardioprotection - 'opioidergic conditioning' of the heart. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:2026-50. [PMID: 25521834 PMCID: PMC4386979 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) remains a major cause of morbidity/mortality globally, firmly established in Westernized or 'developed' countries and rising in prevalence in developing nations. Thus, cardioprotective therapies to limit myocardial damage with associated ischaemia-reperfusion (I-R), during infarction or surgical ischaemia, is a very important, although still elusive, clinical goal. The opioid receptor system, encompassing the δ (vas deferens), κ (ketocyclazocine) and μ (morphine) opioid receptors and their endogenous opioid ligands (endorphins, dynorphins, enkephalins), appears as a logical candidate for such exploitation. This regulatory system may orchestrate organism and organ responses to stress, induces mammalian hibernation and associated metabolic protection, triggers powerful adaptive stress resistance in response to ischaemia/hypoxia (preconditioning), and mediates cardiac benefit stemming from physical activity. In addition to direct myocardial actions, central opioid receptor signalling may also enhance the ability of the heart to withstand I-R injury. The δ- and κ-opioid receptors are strongly implicated in cardioprotection across models and species (including anti-infarct and anti-arrhythmic actions), with mixed evidence for μ opioid receptor-dependent protection in animal and human tissues. A small number of clinical trials have provided evidence of cardiac benefit from morphine or remifentanil in cardiopulmonary bypass or coronary angioplasty patients, although further trials of subtype-specific opioid receptor agonists are needed. The precise roles and utility of this GPCR family in healthy and diseased human myocardium, and in mediating central and peripheral survival responses, warrant further investigation, as do the putative negative influences of ageing, IHD co-morbidities, and relevant drugs on opioid receptor signalling and protective responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Headrick
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute Griffith UniversitySouthport, Qld., Australia
| | - Louise E See Hoe
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute Griffith UniversitySouthport, Qld., Australia
| | - Eugene F Du Toit
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute Griffith UniversitySouthport, Qld., Australia
| | - Jason N Peart
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute Griffith UniversitySouthport, Qld., Australia
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Soltysinska E, Bentzen BH, Barthmes M, Hattel H, Thrush AB, Harper ME, Qvortrup K, Larsen FJ, Schiffer TA, Losa-Reyna J, Straubinger J, Kniess A, Thomsen MB, Brüggemann A, Fenske S, Biel M, Ruth P, Wahl-Schott C, Boushel RC, Olesen SP, Lukowski R. KCNMA1 encoded cardiac BK channels afford protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103402. [PMID: 25072914 PMCID: PMC4114839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial potassium channels have been implicated in myocardial protection mediated through pre-/postconditioning. Compounds that open the Ca2+- and voltage-activated potassium channel of big-conductance (BK) have a pre-conditioning-like effect on survival of cardiomyocytes after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Recently, mitochondrial BK channels (mitoBKs) in cardiomyocytes were implicated as infarct-limiting factors that derive directly from the KCNMA1 gene encoding for canonical BKs usually present at the plasma membrane of cells. However, some studies challenged these cardio-protective roles of mitoBKs. Herein, we present electrophysiological evidence for paxilline- and NS11021-sensitive BK-mediated currents of 190 pS conductance in mitoplasts from wild-type but not BK-/- cardiomyocytes. Transmission electron microscopy of BK-/- ventricular muscles fibres showed normal ultra-structures and matrix dimension, but oxidative phosphorylation capacities at normoxia and upon re-oxygenation after anoxia were significantly attenuated in BK-/- permeabilized cardiomyocytes. In the absence of BK, post-anoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) production from cardiomyocyte mitochondria was elevated indicating that mitoBK fine-tune the oxidative state at hypoxia and re-oxygenation. Because ROS and the capacity of the myocardium for oxidative metabolism are important determinants of cellular survival, we tested BK-/- hearts for their response in an ex-vivo model of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Infarct areas, coronary flow and heart rates were not different between wild-type and BK-/- hearts upon I/R injury in the absence of ischemic pre-conditioning (IP), but differed upon IP. While the area of infarction comprised 28±3% of the area at risk in wild-type, it was increased to 58±5% in BK-/- hearts suggesting that BK mediates the beneficial effects of IP. These findings suggest that cardiac BK channels are important for proper oxidative energy supply of cardiomyocytes at normoxia and upon re-oxygenation after prolonged anoxia and that IP might indeed favor survival of the myocardium upon I/R injury in a BK-dependent mode stemming from both mitochondrial post-anoxic ROS modulation and non-mitochondrial localizations.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Hypoxia
- Disease Models, Animal
- Energy Metabolism
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Ischemic Preconditioning
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits/genetics
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits/metabolism
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels/chemistry
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels/genetics
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels/metabolism
- Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/ultrastructure
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/cytology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Oxidative Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Reperfusion Injury/metabolism
- Reperfusion Injury/pathology
- Tetrazoles/pharmacology
- Thiourea/analogs & derivatives
- Thiourea/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Soltysinska
- The Danish National Research Foundation Centre for Cardiac Arrhythmia, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo Hjorth Bentzen
- The Danish National Research Foundation Centre for Cardiac Arrhythmia, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Barthmes
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Nanion Technologies GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Helle Hattel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A. Brianne Thrush
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mary-Ellen Harper
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Klaus Qvortrup
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Core Facility for Integrated Microscopy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Filip J. Larsen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas A. Schiffer
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jose Losa-Reyna
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julia Straubinger
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Angelina Kniess
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Morten Bækgaard Thomsen
- The Danish National Research Foundation Centre for Cardiac Arrhythmia, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Stefanie Fenske
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Biel
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Ruth
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Wahl-Schott
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Christopher Boushel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren-Peter Olesen
- The Danish National Research Foundation Centre for Cardiac Arrhythmia, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail: (SPO); (RL)
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- * E-mail: (SPO); (RL)
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15
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Maslov LN, Naryzhnaia NV, Tsibulnikov SY, Kolar F, Zhang Y, Wang H, Gusakova AM, Lishmanov YB. Role of endogenous opioid peptides in the infarct size-limiting effect of adaptation to chronic continuous hypoxia. Life Sci 2013; 93:373-9. [PMID: 23891777 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The objective of this study was to examine the involvement of endogenous opioid peptides and opioid receptor (OR) subtypes in the cardioprotective effect of adaptation to chronic hypoxia in rats. MAIN METHODS Rats were exposed to continuous normobaric hypoxia (CNH; 12% oxygen) for 3 weeks. Myocardial ischemia was induced by 20-min coronary artery occlusion followed by 3-h reperfusion in anesthetized open-chest animals. Various OR antagonists were administered to rats prior to ischemia. The size of myocardial infarction and the incidence of ischemic ventricular arrhythmias were assessed. Myocardial and plasma concentrations of opioid peptides (met-enkephalin, β-endorphin, and endomorphins) were determined. KEY FINDINGS Adaptation to CNH significantly increased myocardial and plasma concentrations of opioids, potentiated their further elevation by ischemia/reperfusion, and reduced myocardial infarct size, but it did not affect the incidence of ischemic arrhythmias. The infarct size-limiting effect of CNH was abolished by OR antagonists naltrexone (non-selective), naloxone methiodide (non-selective peripherally acting), TIPP[ψ] (δ-OR), naltriben (δ2-OR), or CTAP (μ-OR), while BNTX (δ1-OR) and nor-binaltorphimine (κ-OR) had no effect. SIGNIFICANCE The results suggest that the infarct size-limiting effect afforded by adaptation to CNH is mediated by activation of peripheral δ2- and μ-ORs by elevated levels of endogenous opioid peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid N Maslov
- Laboratory Experimental Cardiology, Research Institute for Cardiology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Tomsk 634012, Russia.
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16
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Borchert GH, Hlaváčková M, Kolář F. Pharmacological activation of mitochondrial BK(Ca) channels protects isolated cardiomyocytes against simulated reperfusion-induced injury. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2013; 238:233-41. [PMID: 23576804 DOI: 10.1177/1535370212474596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to find out whether opening of mitochondrial large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated potassium channels (BK(Ca)) protects cardiomyocytes against injury caused by simulated ischemia and reperfusion. This study also aimed to determine whether the protective mechanism involves signaling by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K). We used isolated ventricular myocytes, which are believed to contain no functional BK(Ca) channels in the sarcolemma. Cells were isolated from the left ventricles of adult male Wistar rats and subjected to 25-min metabolic inhibition with NaCN and 2-deoxyglucose followed by 30-min re-energization. NS11021 (0.1 μmol/L), a novel BK(Ca) channel opener, or hydrogen peroxide (2 μmol/L) added at re-energization, increased cell survival (the number of rod-shaped cells) and markedly reduced the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). These cytoprotective effects of NS11021 were completely abolished by paxilline, a BK(Ca) inhibitor, or tempol, an antioxidant, but not by wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI3K. NS11021 slightly but significantly increased the fluorescence signal in 2'7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA)-loaded myocytes, indicating an increased ROS formation. The NS11021-induced ROS formation was abolished by paxilline or tempol. NS13558 (0.1 μmol/L), an inactive structural analogue of NS11021, affected neither cell survival/LDH release nor DCF-DA fluorescence. These results suggest that pharmacological activation of mitochondrial BK(Ca) channels effectively protects isolated cardiomyocytes against injury associated with simulated reperfusion. The mechanism for this form of protection requires ROS signaling, but not the activation of the PI3K pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudrun H Borchert
- Department of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
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17
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Taylor RP, Starnes JW. Reactive oxygen species are not a required trigger for exercise-induced late preconditioning in the rat heart. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2012; 303:R968-74. [PMID: 22955056 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00024.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been reported to play a primary role in triggering the cardioprotective adaptations by some preconditioning procedures, but whether they are required for exercise-induced preconditioning is unclear. Thus in this study we used the free radical scavenger N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)glycine (MPG) to test the hypothesis that ROS is the trigger for exercise-induced preconditioning of the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Male F344 rats were assigned to four groups: sedentary (SED, n = 7), SED/MPG (100 mg/kg ip daily for 2 days, n = 12), exercised on a treadmill for 2 days at 20 m/min, 6° grade, for 60 min (RUN, n = 7), and RUN/MPG with 100 mg/kg MPG injected 15 min before exercise (n = 10). Preliminary experiments verified that MPG administration maintained myocardial redox status during the exercise bout. Twenty-four hours postexercise or MPG treatment isolated perfused working hearts were subjected to global ischemia for 22.5 min followed by reperfusion for 30 min. Recovery of myocardial external work (percentage of preischemic systolic pressure times cardiac output) for SED (50.4 ± 4.5) and SED/RUN (54.7 ± 6.6) was similar and improved in both exercise groups (P < 0.05) to 77.9 ± 3.0 in RUN and 76.7 ± 4.5 in RUN/MPG. A 2 × 2 ANOVA also revealed that exercise decreased lactate dehydrogenase release from the heart during reperfusion (marker of cell damage) without MPG effects or interactions. Expression of the cytoprotective protein inducible heat shock protein 70 increased by similar amounts in the left ventricles of RUN and RUN/MPG compared with sedentary groups (P < 0.05). We conclude that ROS are not a necessary trigger for exercise-induced preconditioning in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P Taylor
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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18
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Fretwell L, Dickenson JM. Role of large-conductance Ca²+-activated K+ channels in adenosine A₁ receptor-mediated pharmacological postconditioning in H9c2 cells. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2011; 89:24-30. [PMID: 21186374 DOI: 10.1139/y10-106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Ischaemic postconditioning is a phenomenon whereby short periods of ischaemia applied during the start of reperfusion protect the myocardium from the damaging consequences of reperfusion. As such, pharmacological-induced postconditioning represents an attractive therapeutic strategy for reducing reperfusion injury during cardiac surgery and following myocardial infarction. The primary aim of this study was to determine the role of large-conductance Ca²(+)-activated potassium channels (BK(Ca) channels) in adenosine A₁ receptor-induced pharmacological postconditioning in the rat embryonic cardiomyoblast-derived cell line H9c2. H9c2 cells were exposed to 6 h hypoxia (0.5% O₂) followed by 18 h reoxygenation (H/R) after which cell viability was assessed by monitoring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and caspase-3 activation. The adenosine A₁ receptor agonist N⁶-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA; 100 nmol/L) or the BK(Ca) channel opener NS1619 (10 µmol/L) were added for 30 min at the start of reoxygenation following 6 h hypoxic exposure. Where appropriate, cells were treated (15 min) before pharmacological postconditioning with the BK(Ca) channel blockers paxilline (1 µmol/L) or iberiotoxin (100 nmol/L). Pharmacological postconditioning with CPA or NS1619 significantly reduced H/R-induced LDH release. Treatment with paxilline or iberiotoxin attenuated adenosine A₁ receptor and NS1619-induced pharmacological postconditioning. These results have shown for the first time that BK(Ca) channels are involved in adenosine A₁ receptor-induced pharmacological postconditioning in a cell model system.
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19
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Zhou Y, Wu HJ, Zhang YH, Sun HY, Wong TM, Li GR. Ionic mechanisms underlying cardiac toxicity of the organochloride solvent trichloromethane. Toxicology 2011; 290:295-304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2011.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2011] [Revised: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Buelna-Chontal M, Correa F, Hernández-Reséndiz S, Zazueta C, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Protective Effect of α-Mangostin on Cardiac Reperfusion Damage by Attenuation of Oxidative Stress. J Med Food 2011; 14:1370-4. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2010.0238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Buelna-Chontal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Biochemistry, Ignacio Chávez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco Correa
- Department of Biochemistry, Ignacio Chávez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sauri Hernández-Reséndiz
- Department of Biochemistry, Ignacio Chávez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Zazueta
- Department of Biochemistry, Ignacio Chávez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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21
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Borchert GH, Yang C, Kolár F. Mitochondrial BKCa channels contribute to protection of cardiomyocytes isolated from chronically hypoxic rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2011; 300:H507-13. [PMID: 21112945 PMCID: PMC3044046 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00594.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hypoxia protects the heart against injury caused by acute oxygen deprivation, but its salutary mechanism is poorly understood. The aim was to find out whether cardiomyocytes isolated from chronically hypoxic hearts retain the improved resistance to injury and whether the mitochondrial large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channels contribute to the protective effect. Adult male rats were adapted to continuous normobaric hypoxia (inspired O2 fraction 0.10) for 3 wk or kept at room air (normoxic controls). Myocytes, isolated separately from the left ventricle (LVM), septum (SEPM), and right ventricle, were exposed to 25-min metabolic inhibition with sodium cyanide, followed by 30-min reenergization (MI/R). Some LVM were treated with either 30 μM NS-1619 (BKCa opener), or 2 μM paxilline (BKCa blocker), starting 25 min before metabolic inhibition. Cell injury was detected by Trypan blue exclusion and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. Chronic hypoxia doubled the number of rod-shaped LVM and SEPM surviving the MI/R insult and reduced LDH release. While NS-1619 protected cells from normoxic rats, it had no additive salutary effect in the hypoxic group. Paxilline attenuated the improved resistance of cells from hypoxic animals without affecting normoxic controls; it also abolished the protective effect of NS-1619 on LDH release in the normoxic group. While chronic hypoxia did not affect protein abundance of the BKCa channel regulatory β1-subunit, it markedly decreased its glycosylation level. It is concluded that ventricular myocytes isolated from chronically hypoxic rats retain the improved resistance against injury caused by MI/R. Activation of the mitochondrial BKCa channel likely contributes to this protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudrun H Borchert
- Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
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22
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Tong G, Sun Z, Wei X, Gu C, Kaye AD, Wang Y, Li J, Zhang Q, Guo H, Yu S, Yi D, Pei J. U50,488H postconditioning reduces apoptosis after myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Life Sci 2010; 88:31-8. [PMID: 21034750 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2010.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2010] [Revised: 10/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Evidence has indicated U50,488H, a selective κ-opioid receptor (κ-OR) agonist, administered before ischemia attenuates apoptosis and infarction during ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). However, it remains unclear whether U50,488H postconditioning reduces apoptosis during I/R. This study was designed, therefore, to test the hypothesis that U50,488H administered at the onset of reperfusion inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. MAIN METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to myocardial ischemia and reperfusion(MI/R) and were randomized to receive either vehicle, U50,488H, U50,488H plus Nor-BNI, a selective κ-OR antagonist, U50,488H plus wortmannin, a specific inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3'-kinase (PI3K), or U50,488H plus L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (NOS inhibitor), immediately prior to reperfusion. In vitro study was performed on cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes subjected to simulated ischemia/reperfusion. KEY FINDINGS Treatment with U50,488H resulted in increases in Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation with secondary NO production both in vivo and in vitro and these effect were completely blocked by wortmannin and specific Akt inhibitor(AI). L-NAME treatment had no effect on Akt and eNOS phosphorylation; but, significantly reduced NO production. Moreover, treatment with U50,488H markedly reduced myocardial apoptotic death. Treatment with wortmannin and specific Akt inhibitor abolished the anti-apoptotic effect of U50,488H. L-NAME also significantly attenuated the anti-apoptotic effect of U50,488H. SIGNIFICANCE These results demonstrate that U50,488H administered immediately prior to reperfusion increases Akt phosphorylation through a PI3-kinase-dependent mechanism and reduces postischemic myocardial apoptosis. Phosphorylation of eNOS with secondary NO production contribute significantly to the anti-apoptotic effect of U50,488H postconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Tong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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Huhn R, Heinen A, Weber NC, Schlack W, Preckel B, Hollmann MW. Ischaemic and morphine-induced post-conditioning: impact of mK(Ca) channels. Br J Anaesth 2010; 105:589-95. [PMID: 20693178 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeq213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial calcium-sensitive potassium (mK(Ca)) channels are involved in cardiac preconditioning. In the present study, we investigated whether also ischaemic-, morphine-induced post-conditioning, or both is mediated by the activation of mK(Ca) channels in the rat heart in vitro. METHODS Animals were treated in compliance with institutional and national guidelines. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of seven groups (each n = 7). Control animals were not further treated. Post-conditioning was induced either by 3 × 30 s of ischaemia/reperfusion (I-PostC) or by administration of morphine (M-PostC, 1 µM) for 15 min at the onset of reperfusion. The mK(Ca)-channel inhibitor paxilline (1 µM) was given with and without post-conditioning interventions (M-PostC+Pax, I-PostC+Pax, and Pax). As a positive control, we determined whether direct activation of mK(Ca) channels with NS1619 (10 µM) induced cardiac post-conditioning (NS1619). Isolated hearts underwent 35 min ischaemia followed by 120 min reperfusion. At the end of reperfusion, infarct sizes were measured by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. RESULTS In the control group, infarct size was 53 (5)% of the area at risk. Morphine- and ischaemic post-conditioning reduced infarct size in the same range [M-PostC: 37 (4)%, I-PostC: 35 (5)%; each P<0.05 vs control]. The mK(Ca)-channel inhibitor paxilline completely blocked post-conditioning [M-PostC+Pax: 47 (7)%, I-PostC+Pax: 51 (3)%; each P<0.05 vs M-PostC and I-PostC, respectively]. Paxilline itself had no effect on infarct size (NS vs control). NS1619 reduced infarct size to 33 (4)% (P < 0.05 vs control). CONCLUSIONS Ischaemic- and morphine-induced post-conditioning is mediated by the activation of mK(Ca) channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Huhn
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, University Hospital Duesseldorf
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24
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Frässdorf J, Huhn R, Niersmann C, Weber NC, Schlack W, Preckel B, Hollmann MW. Morphine induces preconditioning via activation of mitochondrial K(Ca) channels. Can J Anaesth 2010; 57:767-73. [PMID: 20461490 PMCID: PMC2899019 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-010-9325-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 04/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Mitochondrial calcium sensitive potassium (mKCa) channels are involved in cardioprotection induced by ischemic preconditioning. In the present study we investigated whether morphine-induced preconditioning also involves activation of mKCa channels. Methods Isolated rat hearts (six groups; each n = 8) underwent global ischemia for 30 min followed by a 60-min reperfusion. Control animals were not further treated. Morphine preconditioning (MPC) was initiated by two five-minute cycles of morphine 1 μM infusion with one five-minute washout and one final ten-minute washout period before ischemia. The mKCa blocker, paxilline 1 μM, was administered, with and without morphine administration (MPC + Pax and Pax). As a positive control, we added an ischemic preconditioning group (IPC) alone and combined with paxilline (IPC + Pax). At the end of reperfusion, infarct sizes were determined by triphenyltetrazoliumchloride staining. Results Infarct size was (mean ± SD) 45 ± 9% of the area at risk in the Control group. The infarct size was less in the morphine or ischemic preconditioning groups (MPC: 23 ± 8%, IPC: 20 ± 5%; each P < 0.05 vs Control). Infarct size reduction was abolished by paxilline (MPC + Pax: 37 ± 7%, P < 0.05 vs MPC and IPC + Pax: 36 ± 6%, P < 0.05 vs IPC), whereas paxilline alone had no effect (Pax: 46 ± 7%, not significantly different from Control). Conclusion Cardioprotection by morphine-induced preconditioning is mediated by activation of mKCa channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Frässdorf
- Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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25
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Myocardial apoptosis and infarction after ischemia/reperfusion are attenuated by kappa-opioid receptor agonist. Arch Med Res 2009; 40:227-34. [PMID: 19608010 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2009.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2008] [Accepted: 02/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS It remains unclear whether U50488H (a selective kappa-opioid receptor agonist) produces anti-apoptotic effect during ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Therefore, the effect of U50488H on myocardial apoptosis was investigated in the present study. METHODS Rats were subjected to 45min coronary artery occlusion and 180min of reperfusion. U50488H (1.5mg/kg IV) was given prior to occlusion. Nor-Binaltorphimine (nor-BNI) (2mg/kg IV), a selective kappa-opioid receptor antagonist, was given 10min prior to U50488H. Cardiac apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and in situ identification of nuclear DNA fragmentation. RESULTS The ultrastructure injury of myocardium, myocardial infarct size, and plasma CK and LDH were reduced significantly with administration of U50488H before I/R, whereas the effects of U50488H were abolished by nor-BNI. DNA fragments were visualized by agarose electrophoresis, and clear DNA ladder formation was observed in myocardial tissue from hearts subjected to I/R. Administration of U50488H before ischemia exerted a significant anti-apoptotic effect as evidenced by markedly weaker DNA ladder formation. TUNEL staining showed U50488H treatment before I/R significantly reduced the percentage of apoptotic cells, which was blocked by 5-HD, a mitochondrial k(ATP) channel blocker. In accordance, U50488H treatment significantly inhibited I/R-induced elevated activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9. U50488H also produced an increase in Bcl-2 and a decrease in Bax protein expression in the I/R heart, and the anti-apoptotic effects of U50488H were all blocked by nor-BNI. CONCLUSIONS U50488H reduces myocardial necrosis and apoptosis after I/R and activation of kappa-opioid receptor may mediate a role in U50488H-induced myocardial protection.
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Fretwell L, Dickenson JM. Role of large-conductance Ca(2+) -activated potassium channels in adenosine A(1) receptor-mediated pharmacological preconditioning in H9c2 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 618:37-44. [PMID: 19619521 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2009] [Revised: 06/12/2009] [Accepted: 07/09/2009] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated potassium channels, located on the inner mitochondrial membrane, have recently been implicated in cytoprotection. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to determine the role of large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated potassium channels in adenosine A(1) receptor-induced pharmacological preconditioning in the rat embryonic cardiomyoblast-derived cell line H9c2. For pharmacological preconditioning, H9c2 cells were exposed to the adenosine A(1) receptor agonist N(6)-cyclopentyladenosine (100 nM) or the Ca(2+)-activated potassium channel opener NS1619 (10 microM) for 30 min prior to 6 h hypoxia (0.5% O(2)) in glucose-free and serum-free media. Where appropriate cells were treated (15 min) before pharmacological preconditioning with the Ca(2+)-activated potassium channels blockers paxilline (1 microM) or iberiotoxin (100 nM). Cell viability following 6 h hypoxia was assessed by monitoring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and caspase-3 activation. Ca(2+)-activated potassium channel subunit protein expression and cell survival protein kinase (ERK1/2 and PKB/Akt) activation were assessed by Western blotting. The results demonstrate that the adenosine A(1) receptor is functionally expressed in H9c2 cells and when activated protects against hypoxia-induced LDH release and caspase-3 activation. Treatment with paxilline or iberiotoxin attenuated adenosine A(1) receptor and NS1619-induced pharmacological preconditioning. Large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated potassium channel alpha and beta4 protein subunits were detected in mitochondrial fractions isolated from H9c2 cells. NS1619 (10 microM) induced no significant changes in ERK1/2 or PKB phosphorylation. These results have shown for the first time that large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated potassium channels are involved in adenosine A(1) receptor-induced pharmacological preconditioning in a cell model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurice Fretwell
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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Peart JN, Gross ER, Reichelt ME, Hsu A, Headrick JP, Gross GJ. Activation of kappa-opioid receptors at reperfusion affords cardioprotection in both rat and mouse hearts. Basic Res Cardiol 2008; 103:454-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-008-0726-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2008] [Accepted: 04/30/2008] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Gao Q, Yang B, Ye ZG, Wang J, Bruce IC, Xia Q. Opening the calcium-activated potassium channel participates in the cardioprotective effect of puerarin. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 574:179-84. [PMID: 17692311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2007] [Revised: 07/07/2007] [Accepted: 07/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine whether the effective cardioprotection conferred by puerarin against ischemia and reperfusion is mediated by the calcium-activated potassium channel. Hearts isolated from male Sprague-Dawley rats were perfused on a Langendorff apparatus and subjected to 30 min of global ischemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion. The production of formazan, which provides an index of myocardial viability, was measured by absorbance at 550 nm, and the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the coronary effluent was determined. Pretreatment with puerarin at 0.24 mmol/l for 5 min before ischemia increased myocardial formazan content and reduced LDH release during reperfusion. Administration of paxilline (1 micromol/l), an antagonist of the calcium-activated potassium channel, attenuated the protective effects of puerarin. In isolated ventricular myocytes, pretreatment with puerarin prevented simulated ischemia and reperfusion injury, hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death and the release of reactive oxygen species. Paxilline and chelerythrine (a protein kinase C inhibitor) both attenuated the effects of puerarin. These findings indicate that puerarin protects the myocardium against ischemia and reperfusion injury via opening the calcium-activated potassium channel and activating protein kinase C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Gao
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Abstract
This paper is the 28th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system, now spanning over a quarter-century of research. It summarizes papers published during 2005 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior (Section 2), and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia (Section 3); stress and social status (Section 4); tolerance and dependence (Section 5); learning and memory (Section 6); eating and drinking (Section 7); alcohol and drugs of abuse (Section 8); sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (Section 9); mental illness and mood (Section 10); seizures and neurologic disorders (Section 11); electrical-related activity, neurophysiology and transmitter release (Section 12); general activity and locomotion (Section 13); gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (Section 14); cardiovascular responses (Section 15); respiration and thermoregulation (Section 16); immunological responses (Section 17).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA.
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