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Abstract
Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by the presence of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) in the bone marrow accompanied by a monoclonal immunoglobulin type M (IgM) in the serum. WM was first described only 80 years ago and became reportable in the US as a malignancy in 1988. Very little systematic research was conducted prior to 2000 to characterize incidence, clinical characteristics, risk factors or diagnostic and prognostic criteria, and there were essentially no WM-specific clinical interventional trials. Since the inaugural meeting of the International Workshop in Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia (IWWM) in 2000, WM has become the focus of a steadily increasing and productive body of research, engaging a growing number of investigators throughout the world. This introductory overview provides summary of the current understanding of the epidemiology of WM/LPL as a backdrop for a series of consensus panel recommendations arising from research presented at the 11th IWWM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary L McMaster
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Health and Human Services, Commissioned Corps of the United States Public Health Service, Washington, DC.
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Nathan V, Johansson PA, Palmer JM, Hamilton HR, Howlie M, Brooks KM, Hayward NK, Pritchard AL. A rare missense variant in protection of telomeres 1 (POT1) predisposes to a range of haematological malignancies. Br J Haematol 2020; 192:e57-e60. [PMID: 33216348 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vaishnavi Nathan
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter A Johansson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jane M Palmer
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hayley R Hamilton
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Madeleine Howlie
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kelly M Brooks
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicholas K Hayward
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Antonia L Pritchard
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,University of Highlands and Islands, Inverness, Scotland
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Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma and Waldenström macroglobulinaemia: clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis. Pathology 2020; 52:6-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2019.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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McMaster ML, Berndt SI, Zhang J, Slager SL, Li SA, Vajdic CM, Smedby KE, Yan H, Birmann BM, Brown EE, Smith A, Kleinstern G, Fansler MM, Mayr C, Zhu B, Chung CC, Park JH, Burdette L, Hicks BD, Hutchinson A, Teras LR, Adami HO, Bracci PM, McKay J, Monnereau A, Link BK, Vermeulen RCH, Ansell SM, Maria A, Diver WR, Melbye M, Ojesina AI, Kraft P, Boffetta P, Clavel J, Giovannucci E, Besson CM, Canzian F, Travis RC, Vineis P, Weiderpass E, Montalvan R, Wang Z, Yeager M, Becker N, Benavente Y, Brennan P, Foretova L, Maynadie M, Nieters A, de Sanjose S, Staines A, Conde L, Riby J, Glimelius B, Hjalgrim H, Pradhan N, Feldman AL, Novak AJ, Lawrence C, Bassig BA, Lan Q, Zheng T, North KE, Tinker LF, Cozen W, Severson RK, Hofmann JN, Zhang Y, Jackson RD, Morton LM, Purdue MP, Chatterjee N, Offit K, Cerhan JR, Chanock SJ, Rothman N, Vijai J, Goldin LR, Skibola CF, Caporaso NE. Two high-risk susceptibility loci at 6p25.3 and 14q32.13 for Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4182. [PMID: 30305637 PMCID: PMC6180091 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06541-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM)/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) is a rare, chronic B-cell lymphoma with high heritability. We conduct a two-stage genome-wide association study of WM/LPL in 530 unrelated cases and 4362 controls of European ancestry and identify two high-risk loci associated with WM/LPL at 6p25.3 (rs116446171, near EXOC2 and IRF4; OR = 21.14, 95% CI: 14.40-31.03, P = 1.36 × 10-54) and 14q32.13 (rs117410836, near TCL1; OR = 4.90, 95% CI: 3.45-6.96, P = 8.75 × 10-19). Both risk alleles are observed at a low frequency among controls (~2-3%) and occur in excess in affected cases within families. In silico data suggest that rs116446171 may have functional importance, and in functional studies, we demonstrate increased reporter transcription and proliferation in cells transduced with the 6p25.3 risk allele. Although further studies are needed to fully elucidate underlying biological mechanisms, together these loci explain 4% of the familial risk and provide insights into genetic susceptibility to this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary L McMaster
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA.
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Jianqing Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35233, AL, USA
| | - Susan L Slager
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905, MN, USA
| | - Shengchao Alfred Li
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, 20877, MD, USA
| | - Claire M Vajdic
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, NSW, Australia
| | - Karin E Smedby
- Department of Medicine, Solna Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17176, Sweden
- Hematology Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 17176, Sweden
| | - Huihuang Yan
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905, MN, USA
| | - Brenda M Birmann
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Brown
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35233, AL, USA
| | - Alex Smith
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Geffen Kleinstern
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905, MN, USA
| | - Mervin M Fansler
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Weill Cornell Graduate College, New York, 10021, NY, USA
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 10065, NY, USA
| | - Christine Mayr
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 10065, NY, USA
| | - Bin Zhu
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, 20877, MD, USA
| | - Charles C Chung
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, 20877, MD, USA
| | - Ju-Hyun Park
- Department of Statistics, Dongguk University, Seoul, 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Laurie Burdette
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, 20877, MD, USA
| | - Belynda D Hicks
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, 20877, MD, USA
| | - Amy Hutchinson
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, 20877, MD, USA
| | - Lauren R Teras
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, 30303, GA, USA
| | - Hans-Olov Adami
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Institute of Health and Society, Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, University of Oslo, Oslo, NO-0316, Norway
| | - Paige M Bracci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, 94118, CA, USA
| | - James McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, 69372, France
| | - Alain Monnereau
- Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Group, Inserm, Center of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Paris, F-94807, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, 75006, France
- Registry of Hematological Malignancies in Gironde, Institut Bergonié, University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Team EPICENE, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, 33000, France
| | - Brian K Link
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, IA, USA
| | - Roel C H Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 TD, The Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen M Ansell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905, MN, USA
| | - Ann Maria
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 10065, NY, USA
| | - W Ryan Diver
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, 30303, GA, USA
| | - Mads Melbye
- Division of Health Surveillance and Research, Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, 2300, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, 94305, CA, USA
| | - Akinyemi I Ojesina
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35233, AL, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, NY, USA
| | - Jacqueline Clavel
- Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Group, Inserm, Center of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Paris, F-94807, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Caroline M Besson
- Service d'hématologie et Oncologie, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, Inserm U1018, Centre pour la Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP), Villejuif, 78157, France
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Human Genetics Foundation, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, 9019, Norway
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, 0379, Norway
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00250, Finland
| | | | - Zhaoming Wang
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, 38105, TN, USA
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20877, MD, USA
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, 20877, MD, USA
| | - Nikolaus Becker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Yolanda Benavente
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08908, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, 69372, France
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute and MF MU, Brno, 65653, Czech Republic
| | - Marc Maynadie
- EA 4184, Registre des Hémopathies Malignes de Côte d'Or, University of Burgundy and Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, 21070, France
| | - Alexandra Nieters
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, 79108, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Silvia de Sanjose
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08908, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Anthony Staines
- School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, 9, Ireland
| | - Lucia Conde
- Bill Lyons Informatics Centre, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Jacques Riby
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35233, AL, USA
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, 94720, CA, USA
| | - Bengt Glimelius
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75105, Sweden
| | - Henrik Hjalgrim
- Division of Health Surveillance and Research, Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, 2300, Denmark
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Nisha Pradhan
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 10065, NY, USA
| | - Andrew L Feldman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905, MN, USA
| | - Anne J Novak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905, MN, USA
| | | | - Bryan A Bassig
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Tongzhang Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, 02903, RI, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, 27599, NC, USA
- Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, 27599, NC, USA
| | - Lesley F Tinker
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, 98117, WA, USA
| | - Wendy Cozen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 90033, CA, USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, USC Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 90033, CA, USA
| | - Richard K Severson
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, 48201, MI, USA
| | - Jonathan N Hofmann
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, 06520, CT, USA
| | - Rebecca D Jackson
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, OH, USA
| | - Lindsay M Morton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
- Ontario Health Study, Toronto, M5S 1C6, ON, Canada
| | - Nilanjan Chatterjee
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, 21205, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, 21205, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 10065, NY, USA
| | - James R Cerhan
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905, MN, USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Joseph Vijai
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 10065, NY, USA
| | - Lynn R Goldin
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Christine F Skibola
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, 30322, GA, USA
| | - Neil E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
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Vajdic CM, Landgren O, McMaster ML, Slager SL, Brooks-Wilson A, Smith A, Staines A, Dogan A, Ansell SM, Sampson JN, Morton LM, Linet MS. Medical history, lifestyle, family history, and occupational risk factors for lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström's macroglobulinemia: the InterLymph Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes Project. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2015; 2014:87-97. [PMID: 25174029 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgu002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (LPL/WM), a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtype, shows strong familial aggregation and a positive association with chronic immune stimulation, but evidence regarding other risk factors is very limited. METHODS The International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium (InterLymph) pooled data from 11 predominantly population-based case-control studies from North America, Europe, and Australia to examine medical history, lifestyle, family history, and occupational risk factors for LPL/WM. Age-, sex-, race/ethnicity-, and study-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression for a total of 374 LPL/WM cases and 23 096 controls. RESULTS In multivariate analysis including all putative risk factors, LPL/WM risk was associated with history of Sjögren's syndrome (OR = 14.0, 95% CI = 3.60 to 54.6), systemic lupus erythematosus (OR = 8.23, 95% CI = 2.69 to 25.2), hay fever (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.54 to 0.99), positive hepatitis C serology (OR = 2.51, 95% CI = 1.03 to 6.17), hematologic malignancy in a first-degree relative (OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.02 to 2.64), adult weight (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.44 to 0.85 for highest vs. lowest quartile), duration of cigarette smoking (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.04 to 2.05 for ≥ 40 years vs. nonsmokers), and occupation as a medical doctor (OR = 5.54, 95% CI = 2.19 to 14.0). There was no association with other medical conditions, lifestyle factors, or occupations. CONCLUSIONS This pooled analysis confirmed associations with immune conditions and family history of hematologic malignancy, and identified new associations with hay fever, weight, smoking, and occupation, and no association with other lifestyle factors. These findings offer clues to LPL/WM biology and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M Vajdic
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (CMV); Multiple Myeloma Section, Metabolism Branch (OL) and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (MLM, JNS, LMM, MSL), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine (SLS) and Division of Hematology (SMA), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada (AB-W); Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada (ABW); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt); Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (AD).
| | - Ola Landgren
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (CMV); Multiple Myeloma Section, Metabolism Branch (OL) and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (MLM, JNS, LMM, MSL), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine (SLS) and Division of Hematology (SMA), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada (AB-W); Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada (ABW); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt); Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (AD)
| | - Mary L McMaster
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (CMV); Multiple Myeloma Section, Metabolism Branch (OL) and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (MLM, JNS, LMM, MSL), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine (SLS) and Division of Hematology (SMA), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada (AB-W); Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada (ABW); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt); Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (AD)
| | - Susan L Slager
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (CMV); Multiple Myeloma Section, Metabolism Branch (OL) and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (MLM, JNS, LMM, MSL), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine (SLS) and Division of Hematology (SMA), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada (AB-W); Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada (ABW); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt); Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (AD)
| | - Angela Brooks-Wilson
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (CMV); Multiple Myeloma Section, Metabolism Branch (OL) and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (MLM, JNS, LMM, MSL), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine (SLS) and Division of Hematology (SMA), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada (AB-W); Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada (ABW); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt); Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (AD)
| | - Alex Smith
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (CMV); Multiple Myeloma Section, Metabolism Branch (OL) and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (MLM, JNS, LMM, MSL), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine (SLS) and Division of Hematology (SMA), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada (AB-W); Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada (ABW); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt); Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (AD)
| | - Anthony Staines
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (CMV); Multiple Myeloma Section, Metabolism Branch (OL) and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (MLM, JNS, LMM, MSL), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine (SLS) and Division of Hematology (SMA), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada (AB-W); Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada (ABW); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt); Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (AD)
| | - Ahmet Dogan
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (CMV); Multiple Myeloma Section, Metabolism Branch (OL) and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (MLM, JNS, LMM, MSL), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine (SLS) and Division of Hematology (SMA), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada (AB-W); Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada (ABW); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt); Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (AD)
| | - Stephen M Ansell
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (CMV); Multiple Myeloma Section, Metabolism Branch (OL) and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (MLM, JNS, LMM, MSL), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine (SLS) and Division of Hematology (SMA), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada (AB-W); Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada (ABW); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt); Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (AD)
| | - Joshua N Sampson
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (CMV); Multiple Myeloma Section, Metabolism Branch (OL) and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (MLM, JNS, LMM, MSL), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine (SLS) and Division of Hematology (SMA), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada (AB-W); Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada (ABW); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt); Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (AD)
| | - Lindsay M Morton
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (CMV); Multiple Myeloma Section, Metabolism Branch (OL) and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (MLM, JNS, LMM, MSL), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine (SLS) and Division of Hematology (SMA), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada (AB-W); Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada (ABW); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt); Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (AD)
| | - Martha S Linet
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (CMV); Multiple Myeloma Section, Metabolism Branch (OL) and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (MLM, JNS, LMM, MSL), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine (SLS) and Division of Hematology (SMA), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada (AB-W); Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada (ABW); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt); Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (AD)
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Kristinsson SY, Goldin LR, Turesson I, Björkholm M, Landgren O. Familial aggregation of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström macroglobulinemia with solid tumors and myeloid malignancies. Acta Haematol 2012; 127:173-7. [PMID: 22310551 DOI: 10.1159/000335618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL)/Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a B-cell disorder resulting from the accumulation, predominantly in the bone marrow, of clonally related lymphoplasmacytic cells. LPL/WM is a very rare disease, with an incidence rate of 3-4 cases per million people per year.Currently, the causes of LPL/WM are poorly understood; however, there are emerging data to support a role for immune-related factors in the pathogenesis of LPL/WM. In addition, data show that genetic factors are of importance in the etiology of LPL/WM. In this paper, we will review the current knowledge about familiality of LPL/WM and provide novel data on solid tumors and myeloid malignancies in first-degree relatives of LPL/WM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigurdur Y Kristinsson
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Differential characteristics of Waldenström macroglobulinemia according to patterns of familial aggregation. Blood 2010; 115:4464-71. [PMID: 20308603 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-10-247973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial aggregation of Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) and related B-cell disorders (BCDs) suggests a role for genetic factors, but few data address environmental influences. We designed a questionnaire-based study to examine clinical and environmental factors in a cohort of WM families with various patterns of case aggregation. We analyzed data on 103 WM patients and 272 unaffected relatives from 35 multiple-case WM and 46 mixed WM/BCD kindred and 28 nonfamilial (sporadic) WM patients, using logistic regression models with generalized estimating equations to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for association. In this study population, the WM disease process appeared similar among patients regardless of family history. Familial WM patients were more likely than unaffected relatives to report a history of autoimmune disease (OR, 2.27; 95% CI = 1.21-4.28) and infections (OR, 2.13; 95% CI = 1.25-3.64). Familial WM patients were also more likely to report exposure to farming (OR, 2.70; 95% CI = 1.34-5.42), pesticides (OR, 2.83; 95% CI = 1.56-5.11), wood dust (OR, 2.86; 95% CI = 1.54-5.33), and organic solvents (multiple-case WM OR, 4.21; 95% CI = 1.69-10.51) compared with unaffected family members. These data provide clues to both genetic and environmental factors that may influence development of WM. Well-designed case-control studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Risk of lymphoproliferative disorders among first-degree relatives of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia patients: a population-based study in Sweden. Blood 2008; 112:3052-6. [PMID: 18703425 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2008-06-162768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A role for genetic factors in the etiology of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström macroglobulinemia (LPL/WM) is implicated based on prior findings from multiply affected families and small case-control and cohort studies. We identified 2144 LPL/WM patients (1539 WM [72%] and 605 LPL [28%]) diagnosed in Sweden, 8279 population-based matched controls, and linkable first-degree relatives of patients (n = 6177) and controls (n = 24 609). Using a marginal survival model, we calculated relative risks and 95% confidence intervals as measures of familial aggregation. We found first-degree relatives of LPL/WM patients to have 20-fold (4.1-98.4), 3.0-fold (2.0-4.4), 3.4-fold (1.7-6.6), and 5.0-fold (1.3-18.9) increased risks of developing LPL/WM, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), respectively. However, there was no evidence of an increased risk of developing multiple myeloma or Hodgkin lymphoma. In analyses stratified by type of first-degree relative (parent, sibling, offspring), age at diagnosis of the probands (greater or less than 70 years), and sex of the first-degree relative, we did not observe the risk estimates to be significantly different compared with the overall analyses. Our findings of highly increased risks of developing LPL/WM, NHL, CLL, and MGUS support the operation of shared susceptibility genes that predispose to LPL/WM and other lymphoproliferative disorders.
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McMaster ML, Caporaso N. Waldenström macroglobulinaemia and IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: emerging understanding of a potential precursor condition. Br J Haematol 2008; 139:663-71. [PMID: 18021080 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06845.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Previously thought to be best described as a plasma cell disorder, Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (WM) is now understood to be a distinct clinicobiological entity. WM shares B-cell origin and certain other features with both chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and multiple myeloma (MM). WM and CLL arise from B-cells at discrete stages in their maturation process, and MM arises from B-cells that have fully differentiated into plasma cells. While MM has a well-known precursor condition, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), CLL and WM may also have associated precursor states, monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) and IgM MGUS, respectively. This review explores the features that link or distinguish these haematolymphoid malignancies, with special attention to emerging data regarding IgM MGUS and its unique relationship to WM, and identifies important gaps in our understanding of the putative precursor conditions, MBL and IgM MGUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary L McMaster
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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McMaster ML, Csako G, Giambarresi TR, Vasquez L, Berg M, Saddlemire S, Hulley B, Tucker MA. Long-term Evaluation of Three Multiple-Case Waldenström Macroglobulinemia Families. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13:5063-9. [PMID: 17785558 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-07-0299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Because the clinical significance of immunoglobulin abnormalities reported in relatives of familial Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) patients is unknown, we initiated a follow-up study of three WM families originally evaluated 27 years previously. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Of 29 eligible first-degree relatives of WM patients, 27 (93%) had originally participated in clinical and electrophoretic evaluations. We re-contacted all participants for prospective follow-up electrophoretic analysis and other studies. RESULTS Initially, five relatives had IgM monoclonal gammopathy (IgM MG), and four had IgM polyclonal gammopathy (PG). Twenty-two relatives (81%) were re-evaluated. Median follow-up was 17 years (range, 7-27). At re-contact, all IgM MG persisted or progressed, including three that evolved to WM. Among the four with PG, two new IgM MG cases developed. Overall, seven relatives (26%) had IgM MG, and five (18%) had IgM PG. CONCLUSIONS Although based on small numbers, this study provides the longest comprehensive follow-up of WM families to date. IgM MG seems to be a phenotypic marker of WM susceptibility in some families and may have a high risk of progression to WM. IgM PG may also be important in WM families. These observations require validation in larger studies and, if confirmed, may be used to identify a cohort (relatives with IgM MG) for future prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary L McMaster
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, 6120 Executive Boulevard, MSC 7236. Bethesda, MD 20892-7236, USA.
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McMaster ML, Goldin LR, Bai Y, Ter-Minassian M, Boehringer S, Giambarresi TR, Vasquez LG, Tucker MA. Genomewide linkage screen for Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia susceptibility loci in high-risk families. Am J Hum Genet 2006; 79:695-701. [PMID: 16960805 PMCID: PMC1592553 DOI: 10.1086/507687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2006] [Accepted: 07/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM), a distinctive subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that features overproduction of immunoglobulin M (IgM), clearly has a familial component; however, no susceptibility genes have yet been identified. We performed a genomewide linkage analysis in 11 high-risk families with WM that were informative for linkage, for a total of 122 individuals with DNA samples, including 34 patients with WM and 10 patients with IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (IgM MGUS). We genotyped 1,058 microsatellite markers (average spacing 3.5 cM), performed both nonparametric and parametric linkage analysis, and computed both two-point and multipoint linkage statistics. The strongest evidence of linkage was found on chromosomes 1q and 4q when patients with WM and with IgM MGUS were both considered affected; nonparametric linkage scores were 2.5 (P=.0089) and 3.1 (P=.004), respectively. Other locations suggestive of linkage were found on chromosomes 3 and 6. Results of two-locus linkage analysis were consistent with independent effects. The findings from this first linkage analysis of families at high risk for WM represent important progress toward identifying gene(s) that modulate susceptibility to WM and toward understanding its complex etiology.
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