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He Y, Yu Y, Li Y, Duan W, Sun Z, Yang J, Kastin AJ, Pan W, Zhang Y, Wang K. Phenotypic Resemblance to Neuropsychiatric Disorder and Altered mRNA Profiles in Cortex and Hippocampus Underlying IL15Rα Knockout. Front Neurosci 2021; 14:582279. [PMID: 33613171 PMCID: PMC7887313 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.582279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies of the functions of IL15Rα have been limited to immune activities and skeletal muscle development. Immunological factors have been identified as one of the multiple causes of psychosis, and neurological symptoms have been described in IL15Rα knockout (KO) mice. Seeking to explore possible mechanisms for this in the IL15Rα-/- mouse brain, we analyzed gene expression patterns in the cortex and hippocampus using the RNA-seq technique. Methods IL15Rα KO mice were generated and littermate wildtype (WT) mice were used as a control group. A Y-maze was used to assess behavior differences between the two groups. The cortex and hippocampus of 3-month-old male mice were prepared and RNA-seq and transcriptome analysis were performed by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results Compared with the WT group, IL15Rα KO animals showed higher speed in the novel arm and more entrance frequency in the old arm in the Y-maze experiment. GSEA indicated that 18 pathways were downregulated and 13 pathways upregulated in both cortex and hippocampus from the GO, KEGG, and Hallmark gene sets. The downregulated pathways formed three clusters: respiratory chain and electron transport, regulation of steroid process, and skeletal muscle development. Conclusion IL15Rα KO mice exhibit altered expression of multiple pathways, which could affect many functions of the brain. Lipid biosynthesis and metabolism in the central nervous system (CNS) should be investigated to provide insights into the effect of IL15Rα on psychosis in this murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weicheng Duan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zuoli Sun
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Abba J Kastin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Weihong Pan
- BioPotentials Consult, Sedona, AZ, United States
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Lotan A, Fenckova M, Bralten J, Alttoa A, Dixson L, Williams RW, van der Voet M. Neuroinformatic analyses of common and distinct genetic components associated with major neuropsychiatric disorders. Front Neurosci 2014; 8:331. [PMID: 25414627 PMCID: PMC4222236 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Major neuropsychiatric disorders are highly heritable, with mounting evidence suggesting that these disorders share overlapping sets of molecular and cellular underpinnings. In the current article we systematically test the degree of genetic commonality across six major neuropsychiatric disorders-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety disorders (Anx), autistic spectrum disorders (ASD), bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and schizophrenia (SCZ). We curated a well-vetted list of genes based on large-scale human genetic studies based on the NHGRI catalog of published genome-wide association studies (GWAS). A total of 180 genes were accepted into the analysis on the basis of low but liberal GWAS p-values (<10(-5)). 22% of genes overlapped two or more disorders. The most widely shared subset of genes-common to five of six disorders-included ANK3, AS3MT, CACNA1C, CACNB2, CNNM2, CSMD1, DPCR1, ITIH3, NT5C2, PPP1R11, SYNE1, TCF4, TENM4, TRIM26, and ZNRD1. Using a suite of neuroinformatic resources, we showed that many of the shared genes are implicated in the postsynaptic density (PSD), expressed in immune tissues and co-expressed in developing human brain. Using a translational cross-species approach, we detected two distinct genetic components that were both shared by each of the six disorders; the 1st component is involved in CNS development, neural projections and synaptic transmission, while the 2nd is implicated in various cytoplasmic organelles and cellular processes. Combined, these genetic components account for 20-30% of the genetic load. The remaining risk is conferred by distinct, disorder-specific variants. Our systematic comparative analysis of shared and unique genetic factors highlights key gene sets and molecular processes that may ultimately translate into improved diagnosis and treatment of these debilitating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Lotan
- Department of Adult Psychiatry and the Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michaela Fenckova
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Janita Bralten
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands ; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Aet Alttoa
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Neurobiology Program, University of Würzburg Würzburg, Germany
| | - Luanna Dixson
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg Mannheim, Germany
| | - Robert W Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, Center for Integrative and Translational Genomics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Monique van der Voet
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Chiaie RD, Caronti B, Macrì F, Campi S, Marino M, Corrado A, Caredda M, Biondi M. Anti-purkinje cell and natural autoantibodies in a group of psychiatric patients. Evidences for a correlation with the psychopathological status. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2012; 8:81-90. [PMID: 22934121 PMCID: PMC3428622 DOI: 10.2174/1745017901208010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Phenomena of autoimmunity are frequent among psychiatric patients, but we don't know yet if they should be considered primary and linked to the pathophisiology of the disorder, or aspecific and associated to a general immune system activation. Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration (PCD) represents a well known model of specific autoimmunity. In order to better understand the abovementioned issues, we used this condition to compare a set of immune dysfunctions found in a group of psychiatric patients. For this reason we tested sera from 48 psychiatric patients (24 schizophrenics, 17 bipolars and 7 obsessive-compulsive), 22 PCD patients and 52 healthy controls for the presence of anti-Purkinje autoantibodies and of some natural autoantibodies (ANAs, AMAs, APCAs, ASMAs). Psychopatological status of the psychiatric patients was assessed with BPRS, SANS, SAPS, HAM-D, CGI-S. In the psychiatric group anti-Purkinje autoantibodies were identified in 11/48 (22,9%) patients, while they were present in 22/22 (100%) PCD patients and in 0/52 (0%) healthy controls. Among all anti-Purkinje autoantibody positive patients (in the PCD and psychiatric samples), only those belonging to the psychiatric sample, but not those with PCD, were frequently found positive also for natural autoantibodies, that are considered good markers of aspecific immune activation. In these patients, both anti-Purkinje and natural autoantibodies were found associated with acute/positive psychopathological symptoms. These results seem to point out that some phenomena of auto-immunity described in psychiatric patients could be aspecific, unrelated to the pathophysiology of the concomitant mental disorders and could be more frequent during phases of acute/positive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Delle Chiaie
- Departement of Neurology and Psichiatry, "Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
- Policlinico Umberto-I Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Brunella Caronti
- Departement of Neurology and Psichiatry, "Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
- Policlinico Umberto-I Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Macrì
- Departement of Neurology and Psichiatry, "Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
| | - Sandra Campi
- Departement of Neurology and Psichiatry, "Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
| | - Marzia Marino
- Departement of Neurology and Psichiatry, "Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Corrado
- Departement of Neurology and Psichiatry, "Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Caredda
- Departement of Neurology and Psichiatry, "Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
- Policlinico Umberto-I Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Biondi
- Departement of Neurology and Psichiatry, "Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
- Policlinico Umberto-I Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Sokol DK, O'Brien RS, Wagenknecht DR, Rao T, McIntyre JA. Antiphospholipid antibodies in blood and cerebrospinal fluids of patients with psychosis. J Neuroimmunol 2007; 190:151-6. [PMID: 17868908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2007.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2007] [Revised: 08/13/2007] [Accepted: 08/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) have been reported in the cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) of neurology patients but no CSF studies with psychiatric patients exist. We tested serum from 100 hospitalized psychotic patients having hallucinations and/or delusions for aPL. Patients with positive serum aPL findings were asked to submit CSF for aPL testing. Five CSF samples had aPL specificities not found in the patient's serum suggesting the possibility of intrathecal synthesis. Specificity and isotype discordance between CSF and blood aPL in these psychiatric patients implicates a central nervous system independent autoimmune process that may have an underlying association with the pathophysiology of their diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah K Sokol
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology 575 West Drive-XE 40 Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Berk M, Malhi GS. The platelet window: examining receptor regulated second messenger processes in psychosis and depression. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2003; 15:309-15. [PMID: 26983768 DOI: 10.1046/j.1601-5215.2003.00048.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral markers of psychiatric illness provide a potentially important window into the pathophysiology of a number of psychiatric illnesses. Direct access to pathophysiological processes is fraught with difficulty. However, receptor-regulated second messenger-mediated calcium shifts are an accessible and practical method by which to examine changes in a clinical population. This is possible because platelets and neurons share some physiological features. The platelet intracellular calcium response to receptor stimulation has previously been used as a peripheral marker of psychiatric illness across a range of neurotransmitters, including serotonin, dopamine and glutamate. This review considers the specificity and selectivity of this response and its use in psychotic and mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Berk
- 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Geelong, Victoria
| | - G S Malhi
- 2Mood Disorders Unit at the Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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