1
|
Matellan C, Lachowski D, Cortes E, Chiam KN, Krstic A, Thorpe SD, Del Río Hernández AE. Retinoic acid receptor β modulates mechanosensing and invasion in pancreatic cancer cells via myosin light chain 2. Oncogenesis 2023; 12:23. [PMID: 37130839 PMCID: PMC10154384 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-023-00467-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common and lethal form of pancreatic cancer, characterised by stromal remodelling, elevated matrix stiffness and high metastatic rate. Retinoids, compounds derived from vitamin A, have a history of clinical use in cancer for their anti-proliferative and differentiation effects, and more recently have been explored as anti-stromal therapies in PDAC for their ability to induce mechanical quiescence in cancer associated fibroblasts. Here, we demonstrate that retinoic acid receptor β (RAR-β) transcriptionally represses myosin light chain 2 (MLC-2) expression in pancreatic cancer cells. As a key regulatory component of the contractile actomyosin machinery, MLC-2 downregulation results in decreased cytoskeletal stiffness and traction force generation, impaired response to mechanical stimuli via mechanosensing and reduced ability to invade through the basement membrane. This work highlights the potential of retinoids to target the mechanical drivers of pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Matellan
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Dariusz Lachowski
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ernesto Cortes
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kai Ning Chiam
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aleksandar Krstic
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen D Thorpe
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Armando E Del Río Hernández
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Che Y, Li Y, Zheng F, Zou K, Li Z, Chen M, Hu S, Tian C, Yu W, Guo W, Luo M, Deng W, Zou L. TRIP4 promotes tumor growth and metastasis and regulates radiosensitivity of cervical cancer by activating MAPK, PI3K/AKT, and hTERT signaling. Cancer Lett 2019; 452:1-13. [PMID: 30905820 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone receptor interactor 4 (TRIP4), a subunit of the tetrameric nuclear activating signal co-integrator 1 (ASC-1) complex, exerts pro-tumorigenic effects. The role for TRIP4 in the regulation of cervical cancer growth and radiation resistance is presently unknown. In this study, TRIP4 was found to be highly expressed in cervical cancer cells and tumor tissues. Knockdown of TRIP4 significantly suppressed cervical cancer cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), accompanied by inactivation of PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK signaling. TRIP4 was also found to target hTERT signaling by regulating its binding to the hTERT promoter. Moreover, the knockdown of TRIP4 increased cell sensitivity to radiation, concomitant with downregulation of Rad51 and p-H2AX. We also demonstrated in an in vivo study that the knockdown of TRIP4 effectively suppressed cervical cancer growth and progression in a xenograft tumor model, and these effects were concomitant with the downregulation of p-AKT, p-ERK, p-MEK1/2, MMP-9 and hTERT expression. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissue microarrays showed that TRIP4 overexpression predicted poor prognosis in patients with cervical cancer. Collectively, these results show that TRIP4 plays an essential role in cervical cancer growth and survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Che
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yizhuo Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fufu Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Zou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zongjuan Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Manyu Chen
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Sheng Hu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chunfang Tian
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wendan Yu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Meihua Luo
- The Shude Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Wuguo Deng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lijuan Zou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang J, Wu C, Stefanescu I, Jakobsson L, Chervoneva I, Horowitz A. RhoA inhibits neural differentiation in murine stem cells through multiple mechanisms. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra76. [PMID: 27460990 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaf0791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous neural differentiation of embryonic stem cells is induced by Noggin-mediated inhibition of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) signaling. RhoA is a guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) that regulates cytoskeletal dynamics and gene expression, both of which control stem cell fate. We found that disruption of Syx, a gene encoding a RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, accelerated retinoic acid-induced neural differentiation in murine embryonic stem cells aggregated into embryoid bodies. Cells from Syx(+/+) and Syx(-/-) embryoid bodies had different abundances of proteins implicated in stem cell pluripotency. The differentiation-promoting proteins Noggin and RARγ (a retinoic acid receptor) were more abundant in cells of Syx(-/-) embryoid bodies, whereas the differentiation-suppressing proteins SIRT1 (a protein deacetylase) and the phosphorylated form of SMAD1 (the active form of this transcription factor) were more abundant in cells of Syx(+/+) embryoid bodies. These differences were blocked by the overexpression of constitutively active RhoA, indicating that the abundance of these proteins was maintained, at least in part, by RhoA activity. The peripheral stress fibers in cells from Syx(-/-) embryoid bodies were thinner than those in Syx(+/+) cells. Furthermore, less Noggin and fewer vesicles containing Rab3d, a GTPase that mediates Noggin trafficking, were detected in cells from Syx(-/-) embryoid bodies, which could result from increased Noggin exocytosis. These results suggested that, in addition to inhibiting Noggin transcription, RhoA activity in wild-type murine embryonic stem cells also prevented neural differentiation by limiting Noggin secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junning Yang
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Chuanshen Wu
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Ioana Stefanescu
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Lars Jakobsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Inna Chervoneva
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Arie Horowitz
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Davignon L, Chauveau C, Julien C, Dill C, Duband-Goulet I, Cabet E, Buendia B, Lilienbaum A, Rendu J, Minot MC, Guichet A, Allamand V, Vadrot N, Fauré J, Odent S, Lazaro L, Leroy JP, Marcorelles P, Dubourg O, Ferreiro A. The transcription coactivator ASC-1 is a regulator of skeletal myogenesis, and its deficiency causes a novel form of congenital muscle disease. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:1559-73. [PMID: 27008887 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent progress in the genetic characterization of congenital muscle diseases, the genes responsible for a significant proportion of cases remain unknown. We analysed two branches of a large consanguineous family in which four patients presented with a severe new phenotype, clinically marked by neonatal-onset muscle weakness predominantly involving axial muscles, life-threatening respiratory failure, skin abnormalities and joint hyperlaxity without contractures. Muscle biopsies showed the unreported association of multi-minicores, caps and dystrophic lesions. Genome-wide linkage analysis followed by gene and exome sequencing in patients identified a homozygous nonsense mutation in TRIP4 encoding Activating Signal Cointegrator-1 (ASC-1), a poorly characterized transcription coactivator never associated with muscle or with human inherited disease. This mutation resulted in TRIP4 mRNA decay to around 10% of control levels and absence of detectable protein in patient cells. ASC-1 levels were higher in axial than in limb muscles in mouse, and increased during differentiation in C2C12 myogenic cells. Depletion of ASC-1 in cultured muscle cells from a patient and in Trip4 knocked-down C2C12 led to a significant reduction in myotube diameter ex vivo and in vitro, without changes in fusion index or markers of initial myogenic differentiation. This work reports the first TRIP4 mutation and defines a novel form of congenital muscle disease, expanding their histological, clinical and molecular spectrum. We establish the importance of ASC-1 in human skeletal muscle, identify transcriptional co-regulation as novel pathophysiological pathway, define ASC-1 as a regulator of late myogenic differentiation and suggest defects in myotube growth as a novel myopathic mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurianne Davignon
- Pathophysiology of Striated Muscles Laboratory, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR CNRS 8251, 75250 Paris Cedex 13, France, Inserm U787, Myology Group, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France, UPMC, UMR787, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Claire Chauveau
- Inserm U787, Myology Group, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France, UPMC, UMR787, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Cédric Julien
- Inserm U787, Myology Group, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France, UPMC, UMR787, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Corinne Dill
- Pathophysiology of Striated Muscles Laboratory, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR CNRS 8251, 75250 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Isabelle Duband-Goulet
- Pathophysiology of Striated Muscles Laboratory, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR CNRS 8251, 75250 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Eva Cabet
- Pathophysiology of Striated Muscles Laboratory, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR CNRS 8251, 75250 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Brigitte Buendia
- Pathophysiology of Striated Muscles Laboratory, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR CNRS 8251, 75250 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Alain Lilienbaum
- Pathophysiology of Striated Muscles Laboratory, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR CNRS 8251, 75250 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - John Rendu
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Joseph Fourier, 38041 Grenoble, France, Biochimie Génétique et Moléculaire, CHRU de Grenoble, 38700 Grenoble, France, INSERM U386, Equipe Muscle et Pathologies, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Agnès Guichet
- CHU Angers, Service de génétique médicale, 49100 Angers, France
| | - Valérie Allamand
- UPMC, Inserm UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Vadrot
- Pathophysiology of Striated Muscles Laboratory, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR CNRS 8251, 75250 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Julien Fauré
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Joseph Fourier, 38041 Grenoble, France, Biochimie Génétique et Moléculaire, CHRU de Grenoble, 38700 Grenoble, France, INSERM U386, Equipe Muscle et Pathologies, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Pôle Neurosciences, Service de Neurologie, CHU de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - Leïla Lazaro
- Service de Pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier de la Côte Basque, 64109 Bayonne, France
| | - Jean Paul Leroy
- Laboratoire d'Anatomo-Pathologie, CHU de Brest, 29609 Brest, France
| | - Pascale Marcorelles
- Laboratoire d'Anatomo-Pathologie, CHU de Brest, 29609 Brest, France, EA 4685 Laboratoire de Neuroscience de Brest, Université Bretagne Occidentale, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Odile Dubourg
- Inserm U787, Myology Group, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France, UPMC, UMR787, 75013 Paris, France, AP-HP, Laboratoire de Neuropathologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France and
| | - Ana Ferreiro
- Pathophysiology of Striated Muscles Laboratory, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR CNRS 8251, 75250 Paris Cedex 13, France, Inserm U787, Myology Group, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France, UPMC, UMR787, 75013 Paris, France, AP-HP, Centre de Référence Maladies Neuromusculaires Paris-Est, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bhattacharjee V, Zhou Y, Yen TJ. A synthetic lethal screen identifies the Vitamin D receptor as a novel gemcitabine sensitizer in pancreatic cancer cells. Cell Cycle 2015; 13:3839-56. [PMID: 25558828 DOI: 10.4161/15384101.2014.967070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Overcoming chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer (PCa) cells should significantly extend patient survival. The current treatment modalities rely on a variety of DNA damaging agents including gemcitabine, FOLFIRINOX, and Abraxane that activate cell cycle checkpoints, which allows cells to survive these drug treaments. Indeed, these treatment regimens have only extended patient survival by a few months. The complex microenvironment of PCa tumors has been shown to complicate drug delivery thus decreasing the sensitivity of PCa tumors to chemotherapy. In this study, a genome-wide siRNA library was used to conduct a synthetic lethal screen of Panc1 cells that was treated with gemcitabine. A sublethal dose (50 nM) of the drug was used to model situations of limiting drug availability to PCa tumors in vivo. Twenty-seven validated sensitizer genes were identified from the screen including the Vitamin D receptor (VDR). Gemcitabine sensitivity was shown to be VDR dependent in multiple PCa cell lines in clonogenic survival assays. Sensitization was not achieved through checkpoint override but rather through disrupting DNA repair. VDR knockdown disrupted the cells' ability to form phospho-γH2AX and Rad51 foci in response to gemcitabine treatment. Disruption of Rad51 foci formation, which compromises homologous recombination, was consistent with increased sensitivity of PCa cells to the PARP inhibitor Rucaparib. Thus inhibition of VDR in PCa cells provides a new way to enhance the efficacy of genotoxic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Bhattacharjee
- a Fox Chase Cancer Center ; Institute for Cancer Research ; Philadelphia , PA USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Step SE, Lim HW, Marinis JM, Prokesch A, Steger DJ, You SH, Won KJ, Lazar MA. Anti-diabetic rosiglitazone remodels the adipocyte transcriptome by redistributing transcription to PPARγ-driven enhancers. Genes Dev 2014; 28:1018-28. [PMID: 24788520 PMCID: PMC4018489 DOI: 10.1101/gad.237628.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rosiglitazone (rosi) is a powerful insulin sensitizer, but serious toxicities have curtailed its widespread clinical use. Rosi functions as a high-affinity ligand for PPARγ, the adipocyte-predominant nuclear receptor. Here, Lazar and colleagues investigate the direct effects of rosi on gene transcription. The authors delineate a novel mechanism by which rosi represses adipocyte gene transcription at endogenous levels of PPARγ and other transcription factors on a genome-wide scale. This study suggests that rosi activates and represses transcription by fundamentally different mechanisms that could inform anti-diabetic drug development. Rosiglitazone (rosi) is a powerful insulin sensitizer, but serious toxicities have curtailed its widespread clinical use. Rosi functions as a high-affinity ligand for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), the adipocyte-predominant nuclear receptor (NR). The classic model, involving binding of ligand to the NR on DNA, explains positive regulation of gene expression, but ligand-dependent repression is not well understood. We addressed this issue by studying the direct effects of rosi on gene transcription using global run-on sequencing (GRO-seq). Rosi-induced changes in gene body transcription were pronounced after 10 min and correlated with steady-state mRNA levels as well as with transcription at nearby enhancers (enhancer RNAs [eRNAs]). Up-regulated eRNAs occurred almost exclusively at PPARγ-binding sites, to which rosi treatment recruited coactivators, including MED1, p300, and CBP. In contrast, transcriptional repression by rosi involved a loss of coactivators from eRNA sites devoid of PPARγ and enriched for other transcription factors, including AP-1 factors and C/EBPs. Thus, rosi activates and represses transcription by fundamentally different mechanisms that could inform the future development of anti-diabetic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia E Step
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bulynko YA, O'Malley BW. Nuclear receptor coactivators: structural and functional biochemistry. Biochemistry 2010; 50:313-28. [PMID: 21141906 DOI: 10.1021/bi101762x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Transcription of eukaryotic cell is a multistep process tightly controlled by concerted action of macromolecules. Nuclear receptors are ligand-activated sequence-specific transcription factors that bind DNA and activate (or repress) transcription of specific sets of nuclear target genes. Successful activation of transcription by nuclear receptors and most other transcription factors requires "coregulators" of transcription. Coregulators make up a diverse family of proteins that physically interact with and modulate the activity of transcription factors and other components of the gene expression machinery via multiple biochemical mechanisms. The coregulators include coactivators that accomplish reactions required for activation of transcription and corepressors that suppress transcription. This review summarizes our current knowledge of nuclear receptor coactivators with an emphasis on their biochemical mechanisms of action and means of regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslava A Bulynko
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, BCM130 Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Elizondo G, Medina-Díaz IM, Cruz R, Gonzalez FJ, Vega L. Retinoic acid modulates retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 gene expression through the induction of GADD153-C/EBPbeta interaction. Biochem Pharmacol 2008; 77:248-57. [PMID: 18992716 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2008.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2008] [Revised: 10/07/2008] [Accepted: 10/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian class I aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) plays an important role in the biosynthesis of the hormone retinoic acid (RA), which modulates gene expression and cell differentiation. RA has been shown to mediate control of human ALDH1 gene expression through modulation of the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARalpha) and the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBPbeta). The positive activation of these transcription factors on the ALDH1 promoter is inhibited by RA through a decrease of C/EBPbeta binding to the ALDH1 CCAAT box response element. However, the mechanism of this effect remains unknown. Here we report that the RARalpha/retinoid X receptor beta (RXRbeta) complex binds to the mouse retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (Raldh1) promoter at a non-consensus RA response element (RARE) with similar affinity to that of the consensus RARE. We found that C/EBPbeta binds to a Raldh1 CCAAT box located at -82/-58bp, adjacent to the RARE. Treatment with RA increases GADD153 and GADD153-C/EBPbeta interaction resulting in a decreased cellular availability of C/EBPbeta for binding to the Raldh1 CCAAT box. These data support a model in which high RA levels inhibit Raldh1 gene expression by sequestering C/EBPbeta through its interaction to GADD153.
Collapse
|
9
|
Vlahopoulos S, Zimmer WE, Jenster G, Belaguli NS, Balk SP, Brinkmann AO, Lanz RB, Zoumpourlis VC, Schwartz RJ. Recruitment of the androgen receptor via serum response factor facilitates expression of a myogenic gene. J Biol Chem 2004; 280:7786-92. [PMID: 15623502 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m413992200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) induced precocious myogenesis in culture and myogenic specified gene activity. Increased levels of AR expression in replicating C2C12 myoblasts stimulated fusion into post-differentiated multinucleated myotubes and the appearance of skeletal alpha-actin transcripts, even in the absence of ligand. Furthermore, AR activated the skeletal alpha-actin promoter, which lacks GRE sites, in co-transfected C2C12 cells. AR co-activation of the skeletal alpha-actin promoter required co-expressed full-length serum response factor (SRF). In vitro, AR associated with SRF and was recruited by SRF to a alpha-actin promoter SRF binding site. Our data suggest that AR is capable of activating myogenic genes devoid of consensus AR binding sites via its recruitment by the myogenic enriched transcription factor, SRF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Spiros Vlahopoulos
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shah S, Hecht A, Pestell R, Byers SW. Trans-repression of beta-catenin activity by nuclear receptors. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:48137-45. [PMID: 12972427 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m307154200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The signaling/oncogenic activity of beta-catenin can be repressed by the activation of nuclear receptors such as the vitamin A, vitamin D, and androgen receptors. Although these receptors directly interact with beta-catenin and can sequester it away from its transcription factor partner T-cell factor, it is not known if this is the mechanism of trans-repression. Using several different promoter constructs and nuclear receptors and mammalian two-hybrid and mutation analyses we now show that interaction with the co-activator, p300, underlies the trans-repression of beta-catenin signaling by nuclear receptors and their ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salimuddin Shah
- The Lombardi Cancer Center and the Department of Oncology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Seghatoleslami MR, Roman-Blas JA, Rainville AM, Modaressi R, Danielson KG, Tuan RS. Progression of chondrogenesis in C3H10T1/2 cells is associated with prolonged and tight regulation of ERK1/2. J Cell Biochem 2003; 88:1129-44. [PMID: 12647296 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.10458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Close contact of mesenchymal cells in vivo and also in super dense micromass cultures in vitro results in cellular condensation and alteration of existing cellular signaling required for initiation and progression of chondrogenesis. To investigate chondrogenesis related changes in the activity of ubiquitous cell signaling mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP kinase), we have compared the effect of cell seeding of pluripotent C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal cells as monolayers (non-chondrogenic culture) or high density micromass cultures (chondrogenic) on the regulation and phosphorylation state of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and also on regulation of ERK1/2 nuclear targets, namely, activation protein-1 (AP-1) and serum response factor (SRF). Increasing cell density resulted in reduced DNA binding as well as activity of AP-1. SRF activity, on the other hand, was up-regulated in confluent monolayer cultures but like AP-1 was inhibited in micromass cultures. Low levels of PD 98059 (5 microM), a specific inhibitor of ERK1/2, resulted in delayed induction of AP-1 and SRF activity whereas higher concentrations of this inhibitor (10-50 microM) conferred an opposite effect. Increasing concentrations of the PD 98059 inhibitor in long term monolayer or micromass cultures (2.5 day) resulted in differential regulation of c-Fos and c-Jun protein levels as well as total expression and phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2. PD 98059 treatment of C3H10T1/2 micromass cultures also resulted in up-regulation of type IIB collagen and Sox9 gene expression. While high expression of aggrecan and type IIB collagen genes were dependent on BMP-2 signaling, ERK inhibition of BMP-2 treated micromass cultures resulted in reduced activity of both genes. Our findings show that the activity of ERK1/2 in chondrogenic cultures of C3H10T1/2 cells is tightly controlled and can cross interact with other signaling activities mediated by BMP-2 to positively regulate chondrogensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Reza Seghatoleslami
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Clabby ML, Robison TA, Quigley HF, Wilson DB, Kelly DP. Retinoid X receptor alpha represses GATA-4-mediated transcription via a retinoid-dependent interaction with the cardiac-enriched repressor FOG-2. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:5760-7. [PMID: 12480945 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m208173200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary vitamin A and its derivatives, retinoids, regulate cardiac growth and development. To delineate mechanisms involved in retinoid-mediated control of cardiac gene expression, the regulatory effects of the retinoid X receptor alpha (RXR alpha) on atrial naturietic factor (ANF) gene transcription was investigated. The transcriptional activity of an ANF promoter-reporter in rat neonatal ventricular myocytes was repressed by RXR alpha in the presence of 9-cis-RA and by the constitutively active mutant RXR alpha F318A indicating that liganded RXR confers the regulatory effect. The RXR alpha-mediated repression mapped to the proximal 147 bp of the rat ANF promoter, a region lacking a consensus retinoid response element but containing several known cardiogenic cis elements including a well characterized GATA response element. Glutathione S-transferase "pull-down" assays revealed that RXR alpha interacts directly with GATA-4, in a ligand-independent manner, via the DNA binding domain of RXR alpha and the second zinc finger of GATA-4. Liganded RXR alpha repressed the activity of a heterologous promoter-reporter construct containing GATA-response element recognition sites in cardiac myocytes but not in several other cell types, suggesting that additional cardiac-enriched factors participate in the repression complex. Co-transfection of liganded RXR alpha and the known cardiac-enriched GATA-4 repressor, FOG-2, resulted in additive repression of GATA-4 activity in ventricular myocytes. In addition, RXR alpha was found to bind FOG-2, in a 9-cis-RA-dependent manner. These data reveal a novel mechanism by which retinoids regulate cardiogenic gene expression through direct interaction with GATA-4 and its co-repressor, FOG-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martha L Clabby
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|