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Promising Application of D-Amino Acids toward Clinical Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810794. [PMID: 36142706 PMCID: PMC9503604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The versatile roles of D-amino acids (D-AAs) in foods, diseases, and organisms, etc., have been widely reported. They have been regarded, not only as biomarkers of diseases but also as regulators of the physiological function of organisms. Over the past few decades, increasing data has revealed that D-AAs have great potential in treating disease. D-AAs also showed overwhelming success in disengaging biofilm, which might provide promise to inhibit microbial infection. Moreover, it can effectively restrain the growth of cancer cells. Herein, we reviewed recent reports on the potential of D-AAs as therapeutic agents for treating neurological disease or tissue/organ injury, ameliorating reproduction function, preventing biofilm infection, and inhibiting cancer cell growth. Additionally, we also reviewed the potential application of D-AAs in drug modification, such as improving biostability and efficiency, which has a better effect on therapy or diagnosis.
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Watanabe S, Kurotani T, Oga T, Noguchi J, Isoda R, Nakagami A, Sakai K, Nakagaki K, Sumida K, Hoshino K, Saito K, Miyawaki I, Sekiguchi M, Wada K, Minamimoto T, Ichinohe N. Functional and molecular characterization of a non-human primate model of autism spectrum disorder shows similarity with the human disease. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5388. [PMID: 34526497 PMCID: PMC8443557 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25487-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a multifactorial disorder with characteristic synaptic and gene expression changes. Early intervention during childhood is thought to benefit prognosis. Here, we examined the changes in cortical synaptogenesis, synaptic function, and gene expression from birth to the juvenile stage in a marmoset model of ASD induced by valproic acid (VPA) treatment. Early postnatally, synaptogenesis was reduced in this model, while juvenile-age VPA-treated marmosets showed increased synaptogenesis, similar to observations in human tissue. During infancy, synaptic plasticity transiently increased and was associated with altered vocalization. Synaptogenesis-related genes were downregulated early postnatally. At three months of age, the differentially expressed genes were associated with circuit remodeling, similar to the expression changes observed in humans. In summary, we provide a functional and molecular characterization of a non-human primate model of ASD, highlighting its similarity to features observed in human ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Watanabe
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo Japan
| | - Tohru Kurotani
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo Japan
| | - Tomofumi Oga
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo Japan
| | - Jun Noguchi
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo Japan
| | - Risa Isoda
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo Japan
| | - Akiko Nakagami
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo Japan ,grid.411827.90000 0001 2230 656XDepartment of Psychology, Japan Women’s University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Sakai
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo Japan
| | - Keiko Nakagaki
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo Japan
| | - Kayo Sumida
- grid.459996.e0000 0004 0376 2692Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Konohana-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kohei Hoshino
- grid.417741.00000 0004 1797 168XPreclinical Research Laboratories, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Konohana-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Saito
- grid.459996.e0000 0004 0376 2692Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Konohana-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Izuru Miyawaki
- grid.417741.00000 0004 1797 168XPreclinical Research Laboratories, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Konohana-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sekiguchi
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo Japan
| | - Keiji Wada
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo Japan
| | - Takafumi Minamimoto
- grid.482503.80000 0004 5900 003XDepartment of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Noritaka Ichinohe
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo Japan
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Ashourpour F, Jafari A, Babaei P. Chronic administration of Tat-GluR23Y ameliorates cognitive dysfunction targeting CREB signaling in rats with amyloid beta neurotoxicity. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:701-709. [PMID: 33420884 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00662-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is behaviorally characterized by memory impairments, and pathologically by amyloid β1-42 (Aβ1-42) plaques and tangles. Aβ binds to excitatory synapses and disrupts their transmission due to dysregulation of the glutamate receptors. Here we hypothesized that chronic inhibition of the endocytosis of AMPA receptors together with GluN2B subunit of NMDA receptors might improve cognition deficit induced by Aβ(1-42) neurotoxicity. Forty male Wistar rats were used in this study and divided into 5 groups: Saline + Saline, Aβ+Saline, Aβ+Ifen (Ifenprodil, 3 nmol /2 weeks), Aβ+GluR23Y (Tat-GluR23Y 3 μmol/kg/2 weeks) and Aβ+Ifen+GluR23Y (same doses and durations). Aβ(1-42) neurotoxicity was induced by intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of Aβ1-42 (2 μg/μl/side), and then animals received the related treatments for 14 days. Cognitive performance of rats and hippocampal level of cAMP-response element-binding (CREB) were evaluated using Morris Water Maze (MWM), and western blotting respectively. Obtained data from the acquisition trials were analyzed by two way Anova and Student T test. Also one way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post hoc Tuckey were used to clarify between groups differences in probe test. The Group receiving Aβ, showed significant cognition deficit (long latency to platform and short total time spent in target quadrant (TTS), parallel with lower level of hippocampal CREB, versus vehicle group. While, Aβ+ GluR23Y exhibited the shortest latency to platform and the longest TTS during the probe test, parallel with the higher hippocampal level of CREB compared with other groups. The present study provides evidence that chronic administration of Tat-GluR23Y; an inhibitor of GluA2-AMPARs endocytosis, successfully restores spatial memory impaired by amyloid beta neurotoxicity targeting CREB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ashourpour
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, 8th Km of Rasht -Tehran road, Guilan University Complex, Rasht, Guilan, 41996-13769, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Adele Jafari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Parvin Babaei
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, 8th Km of Rasht -Tehran road, Guilan University Complex, Rasht, Guilan, 41996-13769, Iran.
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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Fong MF, Finnie PS, Kim T, Thomazeau A, Kaplan ES, Cooke SF, Bear MF. Distinct Laminar Requirements for NMDA Receptors in Experience-Dependent Visual Cortical Plasticity. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:2555-2572. [PMID: 31832634 PMCID: PMC7174998 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary visual cortex (V1) is the locus of numerous forms of experience-dependent plasticity. Restricting visual stimulation to one eye at a time has revealed that many such forms of plasticity are eye-specific, indicating that synaptic modification occurs prior to binocular integration of thalamocortical inputs. A common feature of these forms of plasticity is the requirement for NMDA receptor (NMDAR) activation in V1. We therefore hypothesized that NMDARs in cortical layer 4 (L4), which receives the densest thalamocortical input, would be necessary for all forms of NMDAR-dependent and input-specific V1 plasticity. We tested this hypothesis in awake mice using a genetic approach to selectively delete NMDARs from L4 principal cells. We found, unexpectedly, that both stimulus-selective response potentiation and potentiation of open-eye responses following monocular deprivation (MD) persist in the absence of L4 NMDARs. In contrast, MD-driven depression of deprived-eye responses was impaired in mice lacking L4 NMDARs, as was L4 long-term depression in V1 slices. Our findings reveal a crucial requirement for L4 NMDARs in visual cortical synaptic depression, and a surprisingly negligible role for them in cortical response potentiation. These results demonstrate that NMDARs within distinct cellular subpopulations support different forms of experience-dependent plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-fai Fong
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Peter Sb Finnie
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Taekeun Kim
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Aurore Thomazeau
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Eitan S Kaplan
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Samuel F Cooke
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Maurice Wohl Institute for Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- The Medical Research Council Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MRC CNDD), King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Mark F Bear
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Li Y, Wang L, Zhang X, Huang M, Li S, Wang X, Chen L, Jiang B, Yang Y. Inhibition of Cdk5 rejuvenates inhibitory circuits and restores experience-dependent plasticity in adult visual cortex. Neuropharmacology 2017; 128:207-220. [PMID: 29031852 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) acts as an essential modulator for neural development and neurological disorders. Here we show that Cdk5 plays a pivotal role in modulating GABAergic signaling and the maturation of visual system. In adult mouse primary visual cortex, Cdk5 formed complex with the GABA synthetic enzyme glutamate decarboxylase GAD67, but not with GAD65. In addition to enhancement in the surface level of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors, inhibition of Cdk5 reduced the protein levels of GADs and Otx2, while leaving intact the expression of vesicular GABA transporter and subunits of GABAA or AMPA receptors. Whole-cell patch-clamp recording in layer II/III pyramidal neurons revealed a decrease in the frequency of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current (mIPSC). Consequently, pharmacological inhibition and genetic knockdown of Cdk5 in adult mice led to a restoration of juvenile-like ocular dominance plasticity in vivo and long-term synaptic potential in layer II/III induced by white matter stimulation in vitro. Interestingly, we did not observe an alteration of perineuronal nets of extracellular matrix, but a reinstatement of the capability to evoke long-term depression at inhibitory synapses (iLTD), which depended on presynaptic endocannabinoid receptors and was a sign of the rejuvenated GABAergic synapses. Enhancement of GABA signaling by diazepam impeded ocular dominance plasticity rescued by Cdk5 inhibition. These results thus suggest that a physiological role of Cdk5 in visual cortex is to consolidate and stabilize neural circuits through controlling GABAergic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Laijian Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Mengyao Huang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Sitong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Xinxing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Lin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.
| | - Yupeng Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
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6
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Staubli U, Rangel-Diaz N, Alcantara M, Li YX, Yang JY, Zhang KM, Foster AC. Restoration of visual performance by d-serine in models of inner and outer retinal dysfunction assessed using sweep VEP measurements in the conscious rat and rabbit. Vision Res 2016; 127:35-48. [PMID: 27461280 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The NMDA subtype of glutamate receptor and its co-agonist d-serine play a key role in synaptic function in the central nervous system (CNS), including visual cortex and retina. In retinal diseases such as glaucoma and macular degeneration, a loss of vision arises from malfunction of retinal cells, resulting in a glutamate hypofunctional state along the visual pathway in the affected parts of the visual field. An effective strategy to remedy this loss of function might be to increase extracellular levels of d-serine and thereby boost synaptic NMDA receptor-mediated visual transmission and/or plasticity to compensate for the impairment. We tested this idea in brain slices of visual cortex exhibiting long-term potentiation, and in rodent models of visual dysfunction caused by retinal insults at a time when the injury had stabilized to look for neuroenhancement effects. An essential aspect of the in vivo studies involved adapting sweep VEP technology to conscious rats and rabbits and combining it with intracortical recording while the animals were actively attending to visual information. Using this technology allowed us to establish complete contrast sensitivity function curves. We found that systemic d-serine dose-dependently rescued the contrast sensitivity impairment in rats with blue light-induced visual dysfunction. In rabbits with inner retinal dysfunction, both systemic and intravitreal routes of d-serine provided a rescue of visual function. In sum, we show that co-agonist stimulation of the NMDA receptor via administration of exogenous d-serine might be an effective therapeutic strategy to enhance visual performance and compensate for the loss of vision resulting from retinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Staubli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Allergan Inc., 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA 92612, USA
| | - Natalie Rangel-Diaz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Allergan Inc., 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA 92612, USA
| | - Miguel Alcantara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Allergan Inc., 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA 92612, USA
| | - Yong-Xin Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Allergan Inc., 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA 92612, USA.
| | - Jia-Ying Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Allergan Inc., 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA 92612, USA
| | - Kai-Ming Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Allergan Inc., 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA 92612, USA
| | - Alan C Foster
- Department of Biological Sciences, Allergan Inc., 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA 92612, USA
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7
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Meunier CNJ, Dallérac G, Le Roux N, Sacchi S, Levasseur G, Amar M, Pollegioni L, Mothet JP, Fossier P. D-Serine and Glycine Differentially Control Neurotransmission during Visual Cortex Critical Period. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151233. [PMID: 27003418 PMCID: PMC4803205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) play a central role in synaptic plasticity. Their activation requires the binding of both glutamate and d-serine or glycine as co-agonist. The prevalence of either co-agonist on NMDA-receptor function differs between brain regions and remains undetermined in the visual cortex (VC) at the critical period of postnatal development. Here, we therefore investigated the regulatory role that d-serine and/or glycine may exert on NMDARs function and on synaptic plasticity in the rat VC layer 5 pyramidal neurons of young rats. Using selective enzymatic depletion of d-serine or glycine, we demonstrate that d-serine and not glycine is the endogenous co-agonist of synaptic NMDARs required for the induction and expression of Long Term Potentiation (LTP) at both excitatory and inhibitory synapses. Glycine on the other hand is not involved in synaptic efficacy per se but regulates excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission by activating strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors, then producing a shunting inhibition that controls neuronal gain and results in a depression of synaptic inputs at the somatic level after dendritic integration. In conclusion, we describe for the first time that in the VC both D-serine and glycine differentially regulate somatic depolarization through the activation of distinct synaptic and extrasynaptic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire N. J. Meunier
- Institut de Neuroscience Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), UMR 9197 CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, Bât 446, F-91405, Orsay cedex, France
| | - Glenn Dallérac
- Aix-Marseille University, CRN2M UMR7286 CNRS, 51 Bd Pierre Dramard, 13344, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Le Roux
- Institut de Neuroscience Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), UMR 9197 CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, Bât 446, F-91405, Orsay cedex, France
| | - Silvia Sacchi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, Varese, Italy
- “The Protein Factory”, Centro Interuniversitario di Biotecnologie Proteiche, Politecnico di Milano, ICRM-CNR, Milano, Italy
- Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, via Mancinelli 7, Milano, Italy
| | - Grégoire Levasseur
- Aix-Marseille University, CRN2M UMR7286 CNRS, 51 Bd Pierre Dramard, 13344, Marseille, France
| | - Muriel Amar
- Institut de Neuroscience Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), UMR 9197 CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, Bât 446, F-91405, Orsay cedex, France
| | - Loredano Pollegioni
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, Varese, Italy
- “The Protein Factory”, Centro Interuniversitario di Biotecnologie Proteiche, Politecnico di Milano, ICRM-CNR, Milano, Italy
- Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, via Mancinelli 7, Milano, Italy
| | - Jean-Pierre Mothet
- Aix-Marseille University, CRN2M UMR7286 CNRS, 51 Bd Pierre Dramard, 13344, Marseille, France
- * E-mail: (PF); (JPM)
| | - Philippe Fossier
- Institut de Neuroscience Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), UMR 9197 CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, Bât 446, F-91405, Orsay cedex, France
- * E-mail: (PF); (JPM)
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Metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling is required for NMDA receptor-dependent ocular dominance plasticity and LTD in visual cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:12852-7. [PMID: 26417096 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1512878112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A feature of early postnatal neocortical development is a transient peak in signaling via metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5). In visual cortex, this change coincides with increased sensitivity of excitatory synapses to monocular deprivation (MD). However, loss of visual responsiveness after MD occurs via mechanisms revealed by the study of long-term depression (LTD) of synaptic transmission, which in layer 4 is induced by acute activation of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) rather than mGluR5. Here we report that chronic postnatal down-regulation of mGluR5 signaling produces coordinated impairments in both NMDAR-dependent LTD in vitro and ocular dominance plasticity in vivo. The data suggest that ongoing mGluR5 signaling during a critical period of postnatal development establishes the biochemical conditions that are permissive for activity-dependent sculpting of excitatory synapses via the mechanism of NMDAR-dependent LTD.
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9
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Liu H, Li Y, Wang Y, Wang X, An X, Wang S, Chen L, Liu G, Yang Y. The distinct role of NR2B subunit in the enhancement of visual plasticity in adulthood. Mol Brain 2015; 8:49. [PMID: 26282667 PMCID: PMC4539718 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-015-0141-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Experience-dependent plasticity is confined to the critical period of early postnatal life, and declines dramatically thereafter. This attenuation promotes the stabilization of cortical circuits, but also limits functional recovery of several brain diseases. The cognitive functions and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex are elevated following chronic magnesium treatment. Here, we explored the effect of magnesium treatment on visual plasticity and the potential clinical significance. Results Visual plasticity in adult mice was dramatically enhanced following magnesium treatment, which was concurrent with an increase in the expression of NR2 subunits of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Blockade of NR2B activity in both the induction and expression periods of plasticity prevented this reinstatement. However, the plasticity restored via a decrease in cortical inhibition was independent on the activation of NR2B, indicating a different underlying mechanism. The functional excitatory synapses on layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons were increased following magnesium supplementation. Moreover, the synaptic and neuronal responses were reminiscent of that within the critical period, and this rejuvenation of adult visual cortex facilitated the recovery of visual functions in amblyopia. Conclusions Collectively, our data reveal two distinct mechanisms underlying the restoration of visual plasticity in adulthood, and the rejuvenation of adult visual cortex following magnesium treatment provides a new avenue to develop clinical therapies for adult amblyopia, as well as to explore plasticity-based treatment of other brain diseases, such as stroke and aphasia. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13041-015-0141-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Yue Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Xinxing Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Xu An
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Siying Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Guosong Liu
- Tsinghua-Peking Centre for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yupeng Yang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
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10
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Dong Z, Han H, Li H, Bai Y, Wang W, Tu M, Peng Y, Zhou L, He W, Wu X, Tan T, Liu M, Wu X, Zhou W, Jin W, Zhang S, Sacktor TC, Li T, Song W, Wang YT. Long-term potentiation decay and memory loss are mediated by AMPAR endocytosis. J Clin Invest 2014; 125:234-47. [PMID: 25437879 DOI: 10.1172/jci77888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic strength between hippocampal neurons is associated with learning and memory, and LTP dysfunction is thought to underlie memory loss. LTP can be temporally and mechanistically classified into decaying (early-phase) LTP and nondecaying (late-phase) LTP. While the nondecaying nature of LTP is thought to depend on protein synthesis and contribute to memory maintenance, little is known about the mechanisms and roles of decaying LTP. Here, we demonstrated that inhibiting endocytosis of postsynaptic α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazole-4-propionic acid receptors (AMPARs) prevents LTP decay, thereby converting it into nondecaying LTP. Conversely, restoration of AMPAR endocytosis by inhibiting protein kinase Mζ (PKMζ) converted nondecaying LTP into decaying LTP. Similarly, inhibition of AMPAR endocytosis prolonged memory retention in normal animals and reduced memory loss in a murine model of Alzheimer's disease. These results strongly suggest that an active process that involves AMPAR endocytosis mediates the decay of LTP and that inhibition of this process can prolong the longevity of LTP as well as memory under both physiological and pathological conditions.
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Nys J, Aerts J, Ytebrouck E, Vreysen S, Laeremans A, Arckens L. The cross-modal aspect of mouse visual cortex plasticity induced by monocular enucleation is age dependent. J Comp Neurol 2014; 522:950-70. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.23455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Nys
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics; KU Leuven; 3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Jeroen Aerts
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics; KU Leuven; 3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Ellen Ytebrouck
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics; KU Leuven; 3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Samme Vreysen
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics; KU Leuven; 3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Annelies Laeremans
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics; KU Leuven; 3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Lutgarde Arckens
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics; KU Leuven; 3000 Leuven Belgium
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Cooke SF, Bear MF. How the mechanisms of long-term synaptic potentiation and depression serve experience-dependent plasticity in primary visual cortex. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2013; 369:20130284. [PMID: 24298166 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Donald Hebb chose visual learning in primary visual cortex (V1) of the rodent to exemplify his theories of how the brain stores information through long-lasting homosynaptic plasticity. Here, we revisit V1 to consider roles for bidirectional 'Hebbian' plasticity in the modification of vision through experience. First, we discuss the consequences of monocular deprivation (MD) in the mouse, which have been studied by many laboratories over many years, and the evidence that synaptic depression of excitatory input from the thalamus is a primary contributor to the loss of visual cortical responsiveness to stimuli viewed through the deprived eye. Second, we describe a less studied, but no less interesting form of plasticity in the visual cortex known as stimulus-selective response potentiation (SRP). SRP results in increases in the response of V1 to a visual stimulus through repeated viewing and bears all the hallmarks of perceptual learning. We describe evidence implicating an important role for potentiation of thalamo-cortical synapses in SRP. In addition, we present new data indicating that there are some features of this form of plasticity that cannot be fully accounted for by such feed-forward Hebbian plasticity, suggesting contributions from intra-cortical circuit components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam F Cooke
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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13
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The BCM theory of synapse modification at 30: interaction of theory with experiment. Nat Rev Neurosci 2012; 13:798-810. [PMID: 23080416 DOI: 10.1038/nrn3353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Thirty years have passed since the publication of Elie Bienenstock, Leon Cooper and Paul Munro's 'Theory for the development of neuron selectivity: orientation specificity and binocular interaction in visual cortex', known as the BCM theory of synaptic plasticity. This theory has guided experimentalists to discover some fundamental properties of synaptic plasticity and has provided a mathematical structure that bridges molecular mechanisms and systems-level consequences of learning and memory storage.
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14
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Billard JM. d-Amino acids in brain neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Amino Acids 2012; 43:1851-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-012-1346-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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The role of metaplasticity mechanisms in regulating memory destabilization and reconsolidation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2012; 36:1667-707. [PMID: 22484475 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Memory allows organisms to predict future events based on prior experiences. This requires encoded information to persist once important predictors are extracted, while also being modifiable in response to changes within the environment. Memory reconsolidation may allow stored information to be modified in response to related experience. However, there are many boundary conditions beyond which reconsolidation may not occur. One interpretation of these findings is that the event triggering memory retrieval must contain new information about a familiar stimulus in order to induce reconsolidation. Presently, the mechanisms that affect the likelihood of reconsolidation occurring under these conditions are not well understood. Here we speculate on a number of systems that may play a role in protecting memory from being destabilized during retrieval. We conclude that few memories may enter a state in which they cannot be modified. Rather, metaplasticity mechanisms may serve to alter the specific reactivation cues necessary to destabilize a memory. This might imply that destabilization mechanisms can differ depending on learning conditions.
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