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Fang XX, Jiang C, Yue C, Hu F. Three-Dimensional Self-Supported Ge Anode for Advanced Lithium-Ion Batteries. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400063. [PMID: 38436136 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) self-supported Ge anode is one of the promising candidates to replace the traditional graphite anode material for high-performance binder-free lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The enlarged surface area and the shortened ions/electrons transporting distance of the 3D electrode would greatly facilitate the rapid transfer of abundant lithium ions during cycling, thus achieve enhanced energy and power density during cycling. Cycle stability of the 3D self-supported Ge electrode would be improved due to the obtained enough space could effectively accommodate the large volume expansion of the Ge anode. In this review, we first describe the electrochemical properties and Li ions storage mechanism of Ge anode. Moreover, the recent advances in the 3D self-supported Ge anode architectures design are majorly illustrated and discussed. Challenges and prospects of the 3D self-supported Ge electrode are finally provided, which shed light on ways to design more reliable 3D Ge-based electrodes in energy storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xiang Fang
- Department of Microelectronics Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Chaoyan Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Chuang Yue
- Department of Microelectronics Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Fang Hu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi An Shi, Xian, 710054, PR China
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Mikhaylov AA, Medvedev AG, Grishanov DA, Fazliev TM, Chernyshev V, Mel’nik EA, Tripol’skaya TA, Lev O, Prikhodchenko PV. Electrochemical Behavior of Reduced Graphene Oxide Supported Germanium Oxide, Germanium Nitride, and Germanium Phosphide as Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes Obtained from Highly Soluble Germanium Oxide. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076860. [PMID: 37047833 PMCID: PMC10095334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Germanium and germanium-based compounds are widely used in microelectronics, optics, solar cells, and sensors. Recently, germanium and its oxides, nitrides, and phosphides have been studied as active electrode materials in lithium- and sodium-ion battery anodes. Herein, the newly introduced highly soluble germanium oxide (HSGO) was used as a versatile precursor for germanium-based functional materials. In the first stage, a germanium-dioxide-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite was obtained by complete precipitation of GeO2 nanoparticles on the GO from an aqueous solution of HSGO and subsequent thermal treatment in argon at low temperature. The composition of the composite, GeO2-rGO (20 to 80 wt.% of crystalline phase), was able to be accurately determined by the HSGO to GO ratio in the initial solution since complete deposition and precipitation were achieved. The chemical activity of germanium dioxide nanoparticles deposited on reduced graphene oxide was shown by conversion to rGO-supported germanium nitride and phosphide phases. The GeP-rGO and Ge3N4-rGO composites with different morphologies were prepared in this study for the first time. As a test case, composite materials with different loadings of GeO2, GeP, and Ge3N4 were evaluated as lithium-ion battery anodes. Reversible conversion–alloying was demonstrated in all cases, and for the low-germanium loading range (20 wt.%), almost theoretical charge capacity based on the germanium content was attained at 100 mA g−1 (i.e., 2595 vs. 2465 mAh g−1 for Ge3N4 and 1790 vs. 1850 mAh g−1 for GeP). The germanium oxide was less efficiently exploited due to its lower conversion reversibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A. Mikhaylov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander G. Medvedev
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry A. Grishanov
- The Casali Center of Applied Chemistry, The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Timur M. Fazliev
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasilii Chernyshev
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A. Mel’nik
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana A. Tripol’skaya
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ovadia Lev
- The Casali Center of Applied Chemistry, The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Harvey M. Krueger Family Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Petr V. Prikhodchenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Stavarache I, Teodorescu VS, Prepelita P, Logofatu C, Ciurea ML. Ge nanoparticles in SiO 2 for near infrared photodetectors with high performance. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10286. [PMID: 31312003 PMCID: PMC6635504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46711-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work we prepared films of amorphous germanium nanoparticles embedded in SiO2 deposited by magnetron sputtering on Si and quartz heated substrates at 300, 400 and 500 °C. Structure, morphology, optical, electrical and photoconduction properties of all films were investigated. The Ge concentration in the depth of the films is strongly dependent on the deposition temperature. In the films deposited at 300 °C, the Ge content is constant in the depth, while films deposited at 500 °C show a significant decrease of Ge content from interface of the film with substrate towards the film free surface. From the absorption curves we obtained the Ge band gap of 1.39 eV for 300 °C deposited films and 1.44 eV for the films deposited at 500 °C. The photocurrents are higher with more than one order of magnitude than the dark ones. The photocurrent spectra present different cutoff wavelengths depending on the deposition temperature, i.e. 1325 nm for 300 °C and 1267 nm for 500 °C. These films present good responsivities of 2.42 AW−1 (52 μW incident power) at 300 °C and 0.69 AW−1 (57 mW) at 500 °C and high internal quantum efficiency of ∼445% for 300 °C and ∼118% for 500 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionel Stavarache
- National Institute of Materials Physics, 405A Atomistilor Street, 077125, Magurele, Ilfov, Romania.
| | | | - Petronela Prepelita
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125, Magurele, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Constantin Logofatu
- National Institute of Materials Physics, 405A Atomistilor Street, 077125, Magurele, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Magdalena Lidia Ciurea
- National Institute of Materials Physics, 405A Atomistilor Street, 077125, Magurele, Ilfov, Romania. .,Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050094, Bucharest, Romania.
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Facile Synthesis of Layer Structured GeP 3/C with Stable Chemical Bonding for Enhanced Lithium-Ion Storage. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43582. [PMID: 28240247 PMCID: PMC5327472 DOI: 10.1038/srep43582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, metal phosphides have been investigated as potential anode materials because of higher specific capacity compared with those of carbonaceous materials. However, the rapid capacity fade upon cycling leads to poor durability and short cycle life, which cannot meet the need of lithium-ion batteries with high energy density. Herein, we report a layer-structured GeP3/C nanocomposite anode material with high performance prepared by a facial and large-scale ball milling method via in-situ mechanical reaction. The P-O-C bonds are formed in the composite, leading to close contact between GeP3 and carbon. As a result, the GeP3/C anode displays excellent lithium storage performance with a high reversible capacity up to 1109 mA h g−1 after 130 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A g−1. Even at high current densities of 2 and 5 A g−1, the reversible capacities are still as high as 590 and 425 mA h g−1, respectively. This suggests that the GeP3/C composite is promising to achieve high-energy lithium-ion batteries and the mechanical milling is an efficient method to fabricate such composite electrode materials especially for large-scale application.
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Wu S, Han C, Iocozzia J, Lu M, Ge R, Xu R, Lin Z. Germaniumbasierte Nanomaterialien für wiederaufladbare Batterien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201509651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Songping Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou City Guangdong 510641 China
| | - Cuiping Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia 30332 USA
| | - James Iocozzia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia 30332 USA
| | - Mingjia Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou City Guangdong 510641 China
| | - Rongyun Ge
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou City Guangdong 510641 China
| | - Rui Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou City Guangdong 510641 China
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia 30332 USA
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Wu S, Han C, Iocozzia J, Lu M, Ge R, Xu R, Lin Z. Germanium-Based Nanomaterials for Rechargeable Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:7898-922. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201509651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Songping Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou city Guangdong province 510641 China
| | - Cuiping Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia 30332 USA
| | - James Iocozzia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia 30332 USA
| | - Mingjia Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou city Guangdong province 510641 China
| | - Rongyun Ge
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou city Guangdong province 510641 China
| | - Rui Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou city Guangdong province 510641 China
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia 30332 USA
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Xu J, Nguyen TD, Xie K, Hamad WY, MacLachlan MJ. Chiral nematic porous germania and germanium/carbon films. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:13215-13223. [PMID: 26186490 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr02520f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report our extensive attempts and, ultimately, success to produce crack-free, chiral nematic GeO2/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composite films with tunable photonic properties from the controlled assembly of germanium(iv) alkoxides with the lyotropic liquid-crystalline CNCs in a mixed solvent of water/DMF. With different pyrolysis conditions, the photonic GeO2/CNC composites can be converted into freestanding chiral nematic films of amorphous GeO2, and semiconducting mesoporous GeO2/C and Ge/C replicas. These new materials are promising for chiral separation, enantioselective adsorption, catalysis, sensing, optoelectronics, and lithium ion batteries. Furthermore, the new, reproducible synthesis strategies developed may be applicable for constructing other composites and porous materials with chiral nematic ordering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology (NUDT), Changsha, Hunan 410073, P. R. China
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