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Shaban M, Ghehsareh Ardestani E, Ebrahimi A, Borhani M. Climate change impacts on optimal habitat of Stachys inflata medicinal plant in central Iran. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6580. [PMID: 37085511 PMCID: PMC10121668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33660-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Stachys inflata Benth. is a perennial shrub plant, with powerful natural antioxidant agents, which is recognized as a famous medicinal plant that is widely applied to treat Infection, Asthma, and Rheumatism. Iran is renowned as a center of diversity for Stachys, however, the ideal habitats of S. inflata in this nation remain unknown. The potential and future distribution of suitable habitats for S. inflata were projected using an ensembles ecological niche model in Isfahan province, Iran. We used occurrence data (using GPS), bioclimatic and topographic variables from the Chelsa and WorldClim databases to model the current and future potential distribution of this valuable species. The results showed that: (i) S. inflata is mainly distributed in the south, southwest, center, and west of the Isfahan province, and the excellent habitats of S. inflata accounted for 14.34% of the 107,000 km2 study area; (ii) mean annual temperature, mean daily temperature of wettest quarter, annual precipitation, and elevation were the four most important variables that affect the distribution of S. inflata, with a cumulative contribution of 56.55%; and (iii) about the half (- 42.36%) of the currently excellent habitats of S. inflata show a tendency to decrease from now to the 2080s, while often the area of other S. inflata habitats increases (the area of unsuitable habitat: 5.83%, the area of low habitat suitability: 24.68%, the area of moderate habitat suitability: 2.66%, and the area of high habitat suitability: 2.88%). The increase in the area of other S. inflata habitats is different and they are less favorable than the excellent habitat. The results help establishing a framework for long-term in-situ and ex-situ conservation and management practices in habitats of S. inflata in rangeland and agricultural ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Shaban
- Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, 8818634141, Iran
| | - Elham Ghehsareh Ardestani
- Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, 8818634141, Iran.
- Central Laboratory, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, 8818634141, Iran.
| | - Ataollah Ebrahimi
- Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, 8818634141, Iran
| | - Massoud Borhani
- Natural Resources Research Division, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran
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Nave LE, DeLyser K, Domke GM, Holub SM, Janowiak MK, Kittler B, Ontl TA, Sprague E, Sucre EB, Walters BF, Swanston CW. Disturbance and management effects on forest soil organic carbon stocks in the Pacific Northwest. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 32:e2611. [PMID: 35366042 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon (C)-informed forest management requires understanding how disturbance and management influence soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks at scales relevant to landowners and forest policy and management professionals. The continued growth of data sets and publications allows powerful synthesis approaches to be applied to such questions at increasingly fine scales. Here, we report results from a synthesis that used meta-analysis of published studies and two large observational databases to quantify disturbance and management impacts on SOC stocks. We conducted this, the third in a series of ecoregional SOC assessments, for the Pacific Northwest, which comprises ~8% of the land area but ~12% of the U.S. forest sector C sink. At the ecoregional level, our analysis indicated that fundamental patterns of vegetation, climate, and topography are far more important controls on SOC stocks than land use history, disturbance, or management. However, the same patterns suggested that increased warming, drying, wildland fire, and forest regeneration failure pose significant risks to SOC stocks across the region. Detailed meta-analysis results indicated that wildfires diminished SOC stocks throughout the soil profile, while prescribed fire only influenced surface organic materials and harvesting had no significant overall impact on SOC. Independent observational data corroborated the negative influence of fire on SOC derived from meta-analysis, suggested that harvest impacts may vary subregionally with climate or vegetation, and revealed that forests with agricultural uses (e.g., grazing) or legacies (e.g., cultivation) had smaller SOC stocks. We also quantified effects of a range of common forest management practices having either positive (organic amendments, nitrogen [N]-fixing vegetation establishment, inorganic N fertilization) or no overall effects on SOC (other inorganic fertilizers, urea fertilization, competition suppression through herbicides). In order to maximize the management applications of our results, we qualified them with ratings of confidence based on degree of support across approaches. Last, similar to earlier published assessments from other ecoregions, we supplemented our quantitative synthesis results with a literature review to arrive at a concise set of tactics for adapting management operations to site-specific criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas E Nave
- Biological Station and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Pellston, Michigan, USA
- Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Grant M Domke
- Northern Research Station, USDA-Forest Service, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Maria K Janowiak
- Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science, Houghton, Michigan, USA
- Northern Research Station, USDA-Forest Service, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | - Brian Kittler
- American Forests, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Todd A Ontl
- Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | - Eric Sprague
- American Forests, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | | | - Brian F Walters
- Northern Research Station, USDA-Forest Service, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christopher W Swanston
- Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science, Houghton, Michigan, USA
- Northern Research Station, USDA-Forest Service, Houghton, Michigan, USA
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Ghehsareh Ardestani E, Heidari Ghahfarrokhi Z. Ensembpecies distribution modeling of Salvia hydrangea under future climate change scenarios in Central Zagros Mountains, Iran. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Impacts of Climate Change on Hydroclimatic Conditions of U.S. National Forests and Grasslands. FORESTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/f12020139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The conterminous United States includes national forests and grasslands that provide ecological, social, economic, recreational, and aesthetic services. Future climate change can alter long-term hydroclimatic conditions of national forests and grasslands and lead to negative consequences. This study characterizes shifts in hydroclimatology and basin characteristics of US National Forests (NFs) and National Grasslands (NGs) in response to climate change over the 21st century under the DRY, MIDDLE, and WET climate models with the representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5 emission scenario. Climatic projections for three climate models ranging from the driest to wettest conditions were obtained from the Multivariate Adaptive Constructed Analogs (MACA) dataset. Then, the variable infiltration capacity (VIC) model was used to model hydrological responses of the selected future climates. Changes in regional hydroclimatic conditions of NFs and NGs were assessed by the magnitude and direction of movements in the Budyko space. The Fu’s equation was applied to estimate changes in basin characteristics. The results indicate that NFs and NGs are likely to experience larger changes in basin characteristics compared to the average of the United States. In general, across the conterminous US, the NFs in mountainous regions are likely to have larger changes in hydroclimatic variables than NFs with lower elevation and NGs. Comparing Forest Service regions, Pacific Northwest, Intermountain, and Northern regions may have a less arid climate with lower freshwater availability. The Southwestern, Northern, Intermountain, and Rocky Mountain regions are likely to experience higher shifts in their basin characteristics. This study can help environmental scientists, and land and water managers improve future land management plans.
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Martinuzzi S, Allstadt AJ, Pidgeon AM, Flather CH, Jolly WM, Radeloff VC. Future changes in fire weather, spring droughts, and false springs across U.S. National Forests and Grasslands. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 29:e01904. [PMID: 30980571 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Public lands provide many ecosystem services and support diverse plant and animal communities. In order to provide these benefits in the future, land managers and policy makers need information about future climate change and its potential effects. In particular, weather extremes are key drivers of wildfires, droughts, and false springs, which in turn can have large impacts on ecosystems. However, information on future changes in weather extremes on public lands is lacking. Our goal was to compare historical (1950-2005) and projected mid-century (2041-2070) changes in weather extremes (fire weather, spring droughts, and false springs) on public lands. This case study looked at the lands managed by the U.S. Forest Service across the conterminous United States including 501 ranger district units. We analyzed downscaled projections of daily records from 19 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 General Circulation Models for two climate scenarios, with either medium-low or high CO2 - equivalent concentration (RCPs 4.5 and 8.5). For each ranger district, we estimated: (1) fire potential, using the Keetch-Byram Drought Index; (2) frequency of spring droughts, using the Standardized Precipitation Index; and (3) frequency of false springs, using the extended Spring Indices. We found that future climates could substantially alter weather conditions across Forest Service lands. Under the two climate scenarios, increases in wildfire potential, spring droughts, and false springs were projected in 32-72%, 28-29%, and 13-16% of all ranger districts, respectively. Moreover, a substantial number of ranger districts (17-30%), especially in the Southwestern, Pacific Southwest, and Rocky Mountain regions, were projected to see increases in more than one type of weather extreme, which may require special management attention. We suggest that future changes in weather extremes could threaten the ability of public lands to provide ecosystem services and ecological benefits to society. Overall, our results highlight the value of spatially-explicit weather projections to assess future changes in key weather extremes for land managers and policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Martinuzzi
- SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - Andrew J Allstadt
- SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 5600 West American Boulevard, Bloomington, Minnesota, 55437, USA
| | - Anna M Pidgeon
- SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - Curtis H Flather
- Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 240 West Prospect Road, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80526, USA
| | - William M Jolly
- Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory, Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 5775 Highway 10, Missoula, Montana, 59808, USA
| | - Volker C Radeloff
- SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
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da Silva PG, Cassenote S. Environmental drivers of species composition and functional diversity of dung beetles along the Atlantic Forest-Pampa transition zone. AUSTRAL ECOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Giovâni da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia; Conservação e Manejo da Vida Silvestre; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; 31270-901 Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Sheila Cassenote
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
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Smith JE, Domke GM, Nichols MC, Walters BF. Carbon stocks and stock change on federal forest lands of the United States. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James E. Smith
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station Durham New Hampshire USA
| | - Grant M. Domke
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station St. Paul Minnesota USA
| | | | - Brian F. Walters
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station St. Paul Minnesota USA
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