1
|
Hernández Elizárraga VH, Olguín-López N, Hernández-Matehuala R, Caballero-Pérez J, Ibarra-Alvarado C, Rojas-Molina A. Transcriptomic differences between bleached and unbleached hydrozoan Millepora complanata following the 2015-2016 ENSO in the Mexican Caribbean. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14626. [PMID: 36691486 PMCID: PMC9864129 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The 2015-2016 El Niño-southern oscillation or "ENSO" caused many M. complanata colonies that live in the Mexican Caribbean to experience extensive bleaching. The purpose of this work was to analyze the effect of bleaching on the cellular response of M. complanata, employing a transcriptomic approach with RNA-seq. As expected, bleached specimens contained a significantly lower chlorophyll content than unbleached hydrocorals. The presence of algae of the genera Durusdinium and Cladocopium was only found in tissues of unbleached M. complanata, which could be associated to the greater resistance that these colonies exhibited during bleaching. We found that 299 genes were differentially expressed in M. complanata bleached colonies following the 2015-2016 ENSO in the Mexican Caribbean. The differential expression analysis of bleached M. complanata specimens evidenced enriched terms for functional categories, such as ribosome, RNA polymerase and basal transcription factors, chaperone, oxidoreductase, among others. Our results suggest that the heat-shock response mechanisms displayed by M. complanata include: an up-regulation of endogenous antioxidant defenses; a higher expression of heat stress response genes; up-regulation of transcription-related genes, higher expression of genes associated to transport processes, inter alia. This study constitutes the first differential gene expression analysis of the molecular response of a reef-forming hydrozoan during bleaching.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Norma Olguín-López
- Posgrado en Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | - Rosalina Hernández-Matehuala
- Posgrado en Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | | | - César Ibarra-Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | - Alejandra Rojas-Molina
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ruiz MB, Servetto N, Alurralde G, Abele D, Harms L, Sahade R, Held C. Molecular responses of a key Antarctic species to sedimentation due to rapid climate change. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 180:105720. [PMID: 35987040 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rapid regional warming causing glacial retreat and melting of ice caps in Antarctica leads benthic filter-feeders to be exposed to periods of food shortage and high respiratory impairment as a consequence of seasonal sediment discharge in the West Antarctic Peninsula coastal areas. The molecular physiological response and its fine-tuning allow species to survive acute environmental stress and are thus a prerequisite to longer-term adaptation to changing environments. Under experimental conditions, we analyzed here the metabolic response to changes in suspended sediment concentrations, through transcriptome sequencing and enzymatic measurements in a highly abundant Antarctic ascidian. We found that the mechanisms underlying short-term response to sedimentation in Cnemidocarpa verrucosa sp. A involved apoptosis, immune defense, and general metabolic depression. These mechanisms may be understood as an adaptive protection against sedimentation caused by glacial retreat. This process can strongly contribute to the structuring of future benthic filter-feeder communities in the face of climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Micaela B Ruiz
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA) CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Ecología Marina, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Natalia Servetto
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA) CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Ecología Marina, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Gastón Alurralde
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Doris Abele
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Section Functional Ecology, Evolutionary Macroecology, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Lars Harms
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Computing and data center, Data Science Support, Bremerhaven, Germany.
| | - Ricardo Sahade
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA) CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Ecología Marina, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Christoph Held
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Section Functional Ecology, Evolutionary Macroecology, Bremerhaven, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Meziere Z, Rich WA, Carvalho S, Benzoni F, Morán XAG, Berumen ML. Stylophora under stress: A review of research trends and impacts of stressors on a model coral species. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 816:151639. [PMID: 34780827 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sometimes called the "lab rat" of coral research, Stylophora pistillata (Esper, 1797) has been extensively used in coral biology in studies ranging from reef ecology to coral metabolic processes, and has been used as a model for investigations into molecular and cellular biology. Previously thought to be a common species spanning a wide distribution through the Indo-Pacific region, "S. pistillata" is in fact four genetically distinct lineages (clades) with different evolutionary histories and geographical distributions. Here, we review the studies of stress responses of S. pistillatasensulato (clades 1-4) and highlight research trends and knowledge gaps. We identify 126 studies on stress responses including effects of temperature, acidification, eutrophication, pollutants and other local impacts. We find that most studies have focused on the effect of single stressors, especially increased temperature, and have neglected the combined effects of multiple stressors. Roughly 61% of studies on S. pistillata come from the northern Red Sea (clade 4), at the extreme limit of its current distribution; clades 2 and 3 are virtually unstudied. The overwhelming majority of studies were conducted in laboratory or mesocosm conditions, with field experiments constituting only 2% of studies. We also note that a variety of experimental designs and treatment conditions makes it difficult to draw general conclusions about the effects of particular stressors on S. pistillata. Given those knowledge gaps and limitations in the published research, we suggest a more standardized approach to compare responses across geographically disparate populations and more accurately anticipate responses to predicted future climate conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Meziere
- Red Sea Research Center, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Jeddah, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Walter A Rich
- Red Sea Research Center, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Jeddah, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Susana Carvalho
- Red Sea Research Center, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Jeddah, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Francesca Benzoni
- Red Sea Research Center, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Jeddah, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xosé Anxelu G Morán
- Red Sea Research Center, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Jeddah, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Centro Oceanográfico de Gijón/Xixón, Gijón/Xixón, Spain
| | - Michael L Berumen
- Red Sea Research Center, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Jeddah, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Westerman EL, Bowman SEJ, Davidson B, Davis MC, Larson ER, Sanford CPJ. Deploying Big Data to Crack the Genotype to Phenotype Code. Integr Comp Biol 2021; 60:385-396. [PMID: 32492136 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icaa055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanistically connecting genotypes to phenotypes is a longstanding and central mission of biology. Deciphering these connections will unite questions and datasets across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Although high-throughput sequencing has provided a rich platform on which to launch this effort, tools for deciphering mechanisms further along the genome to phenome pipeline remain limited. Machine learning approaches and other emerging computational tools hold the promise of augmenting human efforts to overcome these obstacles. This vision paper is the result of a Reintegrating Biology Workshop, bringing together the perspectives of integrative and comparative biologists to survey challenges and opportunities in cracking the genotype to phenotype code and thereby generating predictive frameworks across biological scales. Key recommendations include promoting the development of minimum "best practices" for the experimental design and collection of data; fostering sustained and long-term data repositories; promoting programs that recruit, train, and retain a diversity of talent; and providing funding to effectively support these highly cross-disciplinary efforts. We follow this discussion by highlighting a few specific transformative research opportunities that will be advanced by these efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica L Westerman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Sarah E J Bowman
- High-Throughput Crystallization Screening Center, Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences at the University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Bradley Davidson
- Department of Biology, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA
| | - Marcus C Davis
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
| | - Eric R Larson
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Christopher P J Sanford
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chan WY, Chung J, Peplow LM, Hoffmann AA, van Oppen MJH. Maternal effects in gene expression of interspecific coral hybrids. Mol Ecol 2020; 30:517-527. [PMID: 33179328 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Maternal effects have been well documented for offspring morphology and life history traits in plants and terrestrial animals, yet little is known about maternal effects in corals. Further, few studies have explored maternal effects in gene expression. In a previous study, F1 interspecific hybrid and purebred larvae of the coral species Acropora tenuis and Acropora loripes were settled and exposed to ambient or elevated temperature and pCO2 conditions for 7 months. At this stage, the hybrid coral recruits from both ocean conditions exhibited strong maternal effects in several fitness traits. We conducted RNA-sequencing on these corals and showed that gene expression of the hybrid Acropora also exhibited clear maternal effects. Only 40 genes were differentially expressed between hybrids and their maternal progenitor. In contrast, ~2000 differentially expressed genes were observed between hybrids and their paternal progenitors, and between the reciprocal F1 hybrids. These results indicate that maternal effects in coral gene expression can be long-lasting. Unlike findings from most short-term stress experiments in corals, no genes were differentially expressed in the hybrid nor purebred offspring after seven months of exposure to elevated temperature and pCO2 conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wing Yan Chan
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia.,School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jessica Chung
- Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Melbourne Bioinformatics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lesa M Peplow
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Madeleine J H van Oppen
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia.,School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ottaviani A, Eid R, Zoccola D, Pousse M, Dubal JM, Barajas E, Jamet K, Lebrigand K, Lapébie P, Baudoin C, Giraud-Panis MJ, Rouan A, Beauchef G, Guéré C, Vié K, Barbry P, Tambutté S, Gilson E, Allemand D. Longevity strategies in response to light in the reef coral Stylophora pistillata. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19937. [PMID: 33203910 PMCID: PMC7673115 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76925-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a multifactorial process that results in progressive loss of regenerative capacity and tissue function while simultaneously favoring the development of a large array of age-related diseases. Evidence suggests that the accumulation of senescent cells in tissue promotes both normal and pathological aging. Oxic stress is a key driver of cellular senescence. Because symbiotic long-lived reef corals experience daily hyperoxic and hypoxic transitions, we hypothesized that these long-lived animals have developed specific longevity strategies in response to light. We analyzed transcriptome variation in the reef coral Stylophora pistillata during the day-night cycle and revealed a signature of the FoxO longevity pathway. We confirmed this pathway by immunofluorescence using antibodies against coral FoxO to demonstrate its nuclear translocation. Through qPCR analysis of nycthemeral variations of candidate genes under different light regimens, we found that, among genes that were specifically up- or downregulated upon exposure to light, human orthologs of two "light-up" genes (HEY1 and LONF3) exhibited anti-senescence properties in primary human fibroblasts. Therefore, these genes are interesting candidates for counteracting skin aging. We propose a large screen for other light-up genes and an investigation of the biological response of reef corals to light (e.g., metabolic switching) to elucidate these processes and identify effective interventions for promoting healthy aging in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Ottaviani
- Medical School of Nice, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.
| | - Rita Eid
- Medical School of Nice, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | | | - Mélanie Pousse
- Medical School of Nice, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Jean-Marc Dubal
- Medical School of Nice, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | | | - Karine Jamet
- Medical School of Nice, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Kevin Lebrigand
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, 06560, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Pascal Lapébie
- Medical School of Nice, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Christian Baudoin
- Medical School of Nice, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | | | - Alice Rouan
- Medical School of Nice, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Gallic Beauchef
- Laboratoires Clarins, 12 avenue de la porte des Ternes, 75017, Paris, France
| | - Christelle Guéré
- Laboratoires Clarins, 12 avenue de la porte des Ternes, 75017, Paris, France
| | - Katell Vié
- Laboratoires Clarins, 12 avenue de la porte des Ternes, 75017, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Barbry
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, 06560, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | | | - Eric Gilson
- Medical School of Nice, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France. .,Department of Genetics, CHU, Nice, France.
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Raphael A, Dubinsky Z, Iluz D, Benichou JIC, Netanyahu NS. Deep neural network recognition of shallow water corals in the Gulf of Eilat (Aqaba). Sci Rep 2020; 10:12959. [PMID: 32737327 PMCID: PMC7395127 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69201-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the application of the computerized deep learning methodology to the recognition of corals in a shallow reef in the Gulf of Eilat, Red Sea. This project is aimed at applying deep neural network analysis, based on thousands of underwater images, to the automatic recognition of some common species among the 100 species reported to be found in the Eilat coral reefs. This is a challenging task, since even in the same colony, corals exhibit significant within-species morphological variability, in terms of age, depth, current, light, geographic location, and inter-specific competition. Since deep learning procedures are based on photographic images, the task is further challenged by image quality, distance from the object, angle of view, and light conditions. We produced a large dataset of over 5,000 coral images that were classified into 11 species in the present automated deep learning classification scheme. We demonstrate the efficiency and reliability of the method, as compared to painstaking manual classification. Specifically, we demonstrated that this method is readily adaptable to include additional species, thereby providing an excellent tool for future studies in the region, that would allow for real time monitoring the detrimental effects of global climate change and anthropogenic impacts on the coral reefs of the Gulf of Eilat and elsewhere, and that would help assess the success of various bioremediation efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Raphael
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The Mina and Everard Goodman, Bar-Ilan University, 5290002, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
| | - Zvy Dubinsky
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The Mina and Everard Goodman, Bar-Ilan University, 5290002, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - David Iluz
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The Mina and Everard Goodman, Bar-Ilan University, 5290002, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Agriculture, Beit Berl College, 4490500, Beit Berl, Israel
| | - Jennifer I C Benichou
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The Mina and Everard Goodman, Bar-Ilan University, 5290002, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Nathan S Netanyahu
- Department of Computer Science, Bar-Ilan University, 5290002, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Strader ME, Wong JM, Hofmann GE. Ocean acidification promotes broad transcriptomic responses in marine metazoans: a literature survey. Front Zool 2020; 17:7. [PMID: 32095155 PMCID: PMC7027112 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-020-0350-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
For nearly a decade, the metazoan-focused research community has explored the impacts of ocean acidification (OA) on marine animals, noting that changes in ocean chemistry can impact calcification, metabolism, acid-base regulation, stress response and behavior in organisms that hold high ecological and economic value. Because OA interacts with several key physiological processes in marine organisms, transcriptomics has become a widely-used method to characterize whole organism responses on a molecular level as well as inform mechanisms that explain changes in phenotypes observed in response to OA. In the past decade, there has been a notable rise in studies that examine transcriptomic responses to OA in marine metazoans, and here we attempt to summarize key findings across these studies. We find that organisms vary dramatically in their transcriptomic responses to pH although common patterns are often observed, including shifts in acid-base ion regulation, metabolic processes, calcification and stress response mechanisms. We also see a rise in transcriptomic studies examining organismal response to OA in a multi-stressor context, often reporting synergistic effects of OA and temperature. In addition, there is an increase in studies that use transcriptomics to examine the evolutionary potential of organisms to adapt to OA conditions in the future through population and transgenerational experiments. Overall, the literature reveals complex organismal responses to OA, in which some organisms will face more dramatic consequences than others. This will have wide-reaching impacts on ocean communities and ecosystems as a whole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie E Strader
- 1Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.,2Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Juliet M Wong
- 1Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.,3Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, North Miami, FL 33181 USA
| | - Gretchen E Hofmann
- 1Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Guzman C, Atrigenio M, Shinzato C, Aliño P, Conaco C. Warm seawater temperature promotes substrate colonization by the blue coral, Heliopora coerulea. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7785. [PMID: 31579631 PMCID: PMC6768060 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heliopora coerulea, the blue coral, is a reef building octocoral that is reported to have a higher optimum temperature for growth compared to most scleractinian corals. This octocoral has been observed to grow over both live and dead scleractinians and to dominate certain reefs in the Indo-Pacific region. The molecular mechanisms underlying the ability of H. coerulea to tolerate warmer seawater temperatures and to effectively compete for space on the substrate remain to be elucidated. Methods In this study, we subjected H. coerulea colonies to various temperatures for up to 3 weeks. The growth and photosynthetic efficiency rates of the coral colonies were measured. We then conducted pairwise comparisons of gene expression among the different coral tissue regions to identify genes and pathways that are expressed under different temperature conditions. Results A horizontal growth rate of 1.13 ± 0.25 mm per week was observed for corals subjected to 28 or 31 °C. This growth rate was significantly higher compared to corals exposed at 26 °C. This new growth was characterized by the extension of whitish tissue at the edges of the colony and was enriched for a matrix metallopeptidase, a calcium and integrin binding protein, and other transcripts with unknown function. Tissues at the growth margin and the adjacent calcified encrusting region were enriched for transcripts related to proline and riboflavin metabolism, nitrogen utilization, and organic cation transport. The calcified digitate regions, on the other hand, were enriched for transcripts encoding proteins involved in cell-matrix adhesion, translation, receptor-mediated endocytosis, photosynthesis, and ion transport. Functions related to lipid biosynthesis, extracellular matrix formation, cell migration, and oxidation-reduction processes were enriched at the growth margin in corals subjected for 3 weeks to 28 or 31 °C relative to corals at 26 °C. In the digitate region of the coral, transcripts encoding proteins that protect against oxidative stress, modify cell membrane composition, and mediate intercellular signaling pathways were enriched after just 24 h of exposure to 31 °C compared to corals at 28 °C. The overall downregulation of gene expression observed after 3 weeks of sustained exposure to 31 °C is likely compensated by symbiont metabolism. Discussion These findings reveal that the different regions of H. coerulea have variable gene expression profiles and responses to temperature variation. Under warmer conditions, the blue coral invests cellular resources toward extracellular matrix formation and cellular migration at the colony margins, which may promote rapid tissue growth and extension. This mechanism enables the coral to colonize adjacent reef substrates and successfully overgrow slower growing scleractinian corals that may already be more vulnerable to warming ocean waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Guzman
- Marine Science Institute, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines.,Evolutionary Neurobiology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Michael Atrigenio
- Marine Science Institute, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Chuya Shinzato
- Department of Marine Bioscience, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Porfirio Aliño
- Marine Science Institute, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Cecilia Conaco
- Marine Science Institute, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Clay TA, Steffen MA, Treglia ML, Torres CD, Trujano-Alvarez AL, Bonett RM. Multiple stressors produce differential transcriptomic patterns in a stream-dwelling salamander. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:482. [PMID: 31185901 PMCID: PMC6560913 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5814-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Global biodiversity is decreasing at an alarming rate and amphibians are at the forefront of this crisis. Understanding the factors that negatively impact amphibian populations and effectively monitoring their health are fundamental to addressing this epidemic. Plasma glucocorticoids are often used to assess stress in amphibians and other vertebrates, but these hormones can be extremely dynamic and impractical to quantify in small organisms. Transcriptomic responses to stress hormones in amphibians have been largely limited to laboratory models, and there have been few studies on vertebrates that have evaluated the impact of multiple stressors on patterns of gene expression. Here we examined the gene expression patterns in tail tissues of stream-dwelling salamanders (Eurycea tynerensis) chronically exposed to the stress hormone corticosterone under different temperature regimes. RESULTS We found unique transcriptional signatures for chronic corticosterone exposure that were independent of temperature variation. Several of the corticosterone responsive genes are known to be involved in immune system response (LY-6E), oxidative stress (GSTM2 and TRX), and tissue repair (A2M and FX). We also found many genes to be influenced by temperature (CIRBP, HSC71, HSP40, HSP90, HSP70, ZNF593). Furthermore, the expression patterns of some genes (GSTM2, LY-6E, UMOD, ZNF593, CIRBP, HSP90) show interactive effects of temperature and corticosterone exposure, compared to each treatment alone. Through a series of experiments we also showed that stressor induced patterns of expression were largely consistent across ages, life cycle modes, and tissue regeneration. CONCLUSIONS Outside of thermal stressors, the application of transcriptomes to monitor the health of non-human vertebrate systems has been vastly underinvestigated. Our study suggests that transcriptomic patterns harbor stressor specific signatures that can be highly informative for monitoring the diverse stressors of amphibian populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A Clay
- Department of Biological Science, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74104, USA. .,Present Address: Department of Biological Sciences, Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, LA, 70310, USA.
| | - Michael A Steffen
- Department of Biological Science, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74104, USA.,Present Address: Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
| | - Michael L Treglia
- Department of Biological Science, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74104, USA.,Present Address: The Nature Conservancy, New York, NY, 10001, USA
| | - Carolyn D Torres
- Department of Biological Science, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74104, USA
| | | | - Ronald M Bonett
- Department of Biological Science, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ryu T, Cho W, Yum S, Woo S. Holobiont transcriptome of colonial scleractinian coral Alveopora japonica. Mar Genomics 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
12
|
Jiang L, Guo YJ, Zhang F, Zhang YY, McCook LJ, Yuan XC, Lei XM, Zhou GW, Guo ML, Cai L, Lian JS, Qian PY, Huang H. Diurnally Fluctuating pCO 2 Modifies the Physiological Responses of Coral Recruits Under Ocean Acidification. Front Physiol 2019; 9:1952. [PMID: 30692940 PMCID: PMC6340097 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diurnal pCO2 fluctuations have the potential to modulate the biological impact of ocean acidification (OA) on reef calcifiers, yet little is known about the physiological and biochemical responses of scleractinian corals to fluctuating carbonate chemistry under OA. Here, we exposed newly settled Pocillopora damicornis for 7 days to ambient pCO2, steady and elevated pCO2 (stable OA) and diurnally fluctuating pCO2 under future OA scenario (fluctuating OA). We measured the photo-physiology, growth (lateral growth, budding and calcification), oxidative stress and activities of carbonic anhydrase (CA), Ca-ATPase and Mg-ATPase. Results showed that while OA enhanced the photochemical performance of in hospite symbionts, it also increased catalase activity and lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, both OA treatments altered the activities of host and symbiont CA, suggesting functional changes in the uptake of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) for photosynthesis and calcification. Most importantly, only the fluctuating OA treatment resulted in a slight drop in calcification with concurrent up-regulation of Ca-ATPase and Mg-ATPase, implying increased energy expenditure on calcification. Consequently, asexual budding rates decreased by 50% under fluctuating OA. These results suggest that diel pCO2 oscillations could modify the physiological responses and potentially alter the energy budget of coral recruits under future OA, and that fluctuating OA is more energetically expensive for the maintenance of coral recruits than stable OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Tropical Marine Biology Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Juan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Tropical Marine Biology Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Laurence John McCook
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Xiang-Cheng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Ming Lei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Wei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Tropical Marine Biology Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Ming-Lan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Cai
- Shenzhen Research Institute and Department of Ocean Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian-Sheng Lian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Yuan Qian
- Shenzhen Research Institute and Department of Ocean Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Tropical Marine Biology Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Franzellitti S, Airi V, Calbucci D, Caroselli E, Prada F, Voolstra CR, Mass T, Falini G, Fabbri E, Goffredo S. Transcriptional response of the heat shock gene hsp70 aligns with differences in stress susceptibility of shallow-water corals from the Mediterranean Sea. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 140:444-454. [PMID: 30055833 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Shallow-water corals of the Mediterranean Sea are facing a dramatic increase in water temperature due to climate change, predicted to increase the frequency of bleaching and mass mortality events. However, supposedly not all corals are affected equally, as they show differences in stress susceptibility, as suggested by physiological outputs of corals along temperature gradients and under controlled conditions in terms of reproduction, demography, growth, calcification, and photosynthetic efficiency. In this study, gene expression and induction of a 70-kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) was analyzed in five common shallow-water hard corals in the Mediterranean Sea, namely Astroides calycularis, Balanophyllia europaea, Caryophyllia inornata, Cladocora caespitosa, and Leptopsammia pruvoti. The main aim was to assess the contribution of this evolutionary conserved cytoprotective mechanism to the physiological plasticity of these species that possess different growth modes (solitary vs colonial) and trophic strategies (zooxanthellate vs azooxanthellate). Using quantitative real-time PCR, in situ hsp70 baseline levels and expression profiles after a heat-shock exposure were assessed. Levels of hsp70 and heat stress induction were higher in zooxanthellate than in azooxanthellate species, and different heat stress transcriptional profiles were observed between colonial and solitary zooxanthellate corals. On the whole, the hsp70 transcriptional response to heat stress aligns with stress susceptibility of the species and suggests a contribution of trophic strategy and morphology in shaping coral resilience to stress. Understanding these molecular processes may contribute to assess the potential effects and relative resilience of Mediterranean corals under climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Franzellitti
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, via S. Alberto 163, I-48123, Ravenna, Italy.
| | - Valentina Airi
- Marine Science Group, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via F. Selmi 3, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Diana Calbucci
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, via S. Alberto 163, I-48123, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Erik Caroselli
- Marine Science Group, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via F. Selmi 3, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fiorella Prada
- Marine Science Group, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via F. Selmi 3, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Christian R Voolstra
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tali Mass
- Department of Marine Biology, The Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Multi Purpose Boulevard, Mt. Carmel, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Giuseppe Falini
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Fabbri
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, via S. Alberto 163, I-48123, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Stefano Goffredo
- Marine Science Group, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via F. Selmi 3, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|