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Antacli JC, Di Mauro R, Rimondino GN, Alurralde G, Schloss IR, González GA, Morales S, Ottero A, Vodopivez C. Microplastic pollution in waters of the Antarctic coastal environment of Potter Cove (25 de Mayo Island/King George Island, South Shetlands). Sci Total Environ 2024; 915:170155. [PMID: 38228241 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Plastic pollution in the Southern Ocean around Antarctica is a growing concern, but many areas in this vast region remain unexplored. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of marine microplastic (MPs) concentrations in Potter Cove, located near the Argentinian Carlini research station on 25 de Mayo/King George Island, Antarctica. Water samples were collected at 14 sites within the cove, representing various influences from the station's activities. Two sampling methods were used: a 5 L Niskin bottle and an in-situ filtering device called Microfilter, allowing for large water volumes to be filtered. MPs were found in 100 % of the samples. Microfilter samples ranged from 0.02 to 2.14 MPs/L, with a mean concentration of 0.44 ± 0.44 MPs/L. Niskin bottle samples showed concentrations from 0.40 to 55.67 MPs/L, with a mean concentration of 19.03 ± 18.21 MPs/L. The dominant types of MPs were anthropogenic black, transparent, and pink microfibers (MFs) measuring between 0.11 and 3.6 mm (Microfilter) and 0.06 to 7.96 mm (Niskin bottle), with a median length of 0.01 mm for both methods. Transparent and black irregular microfragments (MFRs) with diameters from 0.10 to 5.08 mm and a median diameter of 0.49 mm were also prevalent. FTIR-spectroscopy revealed the presence of 14 types of polymers. Cellulose-based materials and polyethylene terephthalate were the most abundant in MFs, while polyurethanes and styrene-based copolymers dominated in MFRs. MPs were more abundant near the Carlini station. Compared to other coastal Antarctic areas, the MPs in the cove were relatively abundant and mostly smaller than 1 mm. Local activities on the island were identified as the primary source of MPs in the cove, and the cyclonic water circulation likely affects the distribution of small-sized particles. To protect the ecosystem, reducing plastic usage, improving waste management, regulating MPs debris, and enhancing wastewater practices are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Antacli
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Ecología Marina, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - R Di Mauro
- Gabinete de Zooplancton, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo N° 1, B7602HSA Mar del Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - G N Rimondino
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC), CONICET, Departamento de Físico-Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - G Alurralde
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission HELCOM, Helsinki FI-00160, Finland
| | - I R Schloss
- Instituto Antártico Argentino, 25 de Mayo 1143, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC, CONICET), Bernardo Houssay 200, Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina
| | - G A González
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Ecología Marina, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - S Morales
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Ecología Marina, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - A Ottero
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Ecología Marina, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - C Vodopivez
- Instituto Antártico Argentino, 25 de Mayo 1143, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Servetto N, Ruiz MB, Martínez M, Harms L, de Aranzamendi MC, Alurralde G, Giménez D, Abele D, Held C, Sahade R. Molecular responses to ocean acidification in an Antarctic bivalve and an ascidian. Sci Total Environ 2023; 903:166577. [PMID: 37633374 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Southern Ocean organisms are considered particularly vulnerable to Ocean acidification (OA), as they inhabit cold waters where calcite-aragonite saturation states are naturally low. It is also generally assumed that OA would affect calcifying animals more than non-calcifying animals. In this context, we aimed to study the impact of reduced pH on both types of species: the ascidian Cnemidocarpa verrucosa sp. A, and the bivalve Aequiyoldia eightsii, from an Antarctic fjord. We used gene expression profiling and enzyme activity to study the responses of these two Antarctic benthic species to OA. We report the results of an experiment lasting 66 days, comparing the molecular mechanisms underlying responses under two pCO2 treatments (ambient and elevated pCO2). We observed 224 up-regulated and 111 down-regulated genes (FC ≥ 2; p-value ≤ 0.05) in the ascidian. In particular, the decrease in pH caused an upregulation of genes involved in the immune system and antioxidant response. While fewer differentially expressed (DE) genes were observed in the infaunal bivalve, 34 genes were up-regulated, and 69 genes were downregulated (FC ≥ 2; p-value ≤ 0.05) in response to OA. We found downregulated genes involved in the oxidoreductase pathway (such as glucose dehydrogenase and trimethyl lysine dioxygenase), while the heat shock protein 70 was up-regulated. This work addresses the effect of OA in two common, widely distributed Antarctic species, showing striking results. Our major finding highlights the impact of OA on the non-calcifying species, a result that differ from the general trend, which describes a higher impact on calcifying species. This calls for discussion of potential effects on non-calcifying species, such as ascidians, a diverse and abundant group that form extended three-dimensional clusters in shallow waters and shelf areas in the Southern Ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Servetto
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Ecosistemas Marinos Polares (ECOMARES-IDEA), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, X5000JJC Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Ecosistemas Marinos Polares (ECOMARES), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, X5000JJC Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - M B Ruiz
- Alfred Wegener Institute - Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen, 12 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany; Aquatic Ecosystem Research, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - M Martínez
- Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - L Harms
- Alfred Wegener Institute - Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen, 12 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - M C de Aranzamendi
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Ecosistemas Marinos Polares (ECOMARES-IDEA), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, X5000JJC Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Ecosistemas Marinos Polares (ECOMARES), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, X5000JJC Córdoba, Argentina
| | - G Alurralde
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission HELCOM, Helsinki FI-00160, Finland
| | - D Giménez
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Ecosistemas Marinos Polares (ECOMARES-IDEA), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, X5000JJC Córdoba, Argentina
| | - D Abele
- Alfred Wegener Institute - Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen, 12 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - C Held
- Alfred Wegener Institute - Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen, 12 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - R Sahade
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Ecosistemas Marinos Polares (ECOMARES-IDEA), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, X5000JJC Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Ecosistemas Marinos Polares (ECOMARES), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, X5000JJC Córdoba, Argentina.
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Ruiz MB, Servetto N, Alurralde G, Abele D, Harms L, Sahade R, Held C. Molecular responses of a key Antarctic species to sedimentation due to rapid climate change. Mar Environ Res 2022; 180:105720. [PMID: 35987040 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rapid regional warming causing glacial retreat and melting of ice caps in Antarctica leads benthic filter-feeders to be exposed to periods of food shortage and high respiratory impairment as a consequence of seasonal sediment discharge in the West Antarctic Peninsula coastal areas. The molecular physiological response and its fine-tuning allow species to survive acute environmental stress and are thus a prerequisite to longer-term adaptation to changing environments. Under experimental conditions, we analyzed here the metabolic response to changes in suspended sediment concentrations, through transcriptome sequencing and enzymatic measurements in a highly abundant Antarctic ascidian. We found that the mechanisms underlying short-term response to sedimentation in Cnemidocarpa verrucosa sp. A involved apoptosis, immune defense, and general metabolic depression. These mechanisms may be understood as an adaptive protection against sedimentation caused by glacial retreat. This process can strongly contribute to the structuring of future benthic filter-feeder communities in the face of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela B Ruiz
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA) CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Ecología Marina, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Natalia Servetto
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA) CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Ecología Marina, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Gastón Alurralde
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Doris Abele
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Section Functional Ecology, Evolutionary Macroecology, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Lars Harms
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Computing and data center, Data Science Support, Bremerhaven, Germany.
| | - Ricardo Sahade
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA) CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Ecología Marina, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Christoph Held
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Section Functional Ecology, Evolutionary Macroecology, Bremerhaven, Germany.
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Alurralde G, Isla E, Fuentes V, Olariaga A, Maggioni T, Rimondino G, Tatián M. Anthropogenic microfibres flux in an Antarctic coastal ecosystem: The tip of an iceberg? Mar Pollut Bull 2022; 175:113388. [PMID: 35180508 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the occurrence of anthropogenic microfibres (AMFs) found in sediment trap samples collected at 25 m water depth in an Antarctic fjord (Potter Cove, King George/25 de Mayo Island) from 2012 to 2015. During visual sorting of samples, AMFs were detected and described, and a subset was confirmed, via FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy, as semi-synthetic cellulosic and polyacrylonitrile polymers. Estimated flux of AMF varied from 115 to 152,750 microfibres m-2 throughout the studied period, with sizes ranging from 10 to 450 μm in length. Maximum AMFs fluxes occurred in summer months. Sediment traps allowed detecting temporal patterns of small (μm) AMFs, usually undersampled with nets or sieves, providing a new insight into microplastic pollution in Antarctica and its relation to environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gastón Alurralde
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Enrique Isla
- Institut de Ciències del Mar-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Tamara Maggioni
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Guido Rimondino
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC), Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marcos Tatián
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina
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5
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Torre L, Alurralde G, Lagger C, Abele D, Schloss IR, Sahade R. Antarctic ascidians under increasing sedimentation: Physiological thresholds and ecosystem hysteresis. Mar Environ Res 2021; 167:105284. [PMID: 33730611 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Glacier melting sediment inputs affect coastal ecosystems on the Antarctic Peninsula. In Potter Cove (South Shetland Islands, Antarctica), the shift from an "ascidian dominated" to a "mixed" assemblage has been linked to sedimentation. However, in recently described newly ice-free areas ascidians became dominant in spite of total suspended particulate matter (TSPM) concentrations, which are the highest measured in Potter Cove. Here, we compared the gut content and energy reserve of three ascidian species at three stations under different TSPM regimes. All analysed species had a higher gut content with lower %OM at these newly areas. A theoretical relationship between the scope for growth for the targeted ascidians and TSPM explained assemblages' recorded change but failed to explain current ascidians distribution. The results may indicate the existence of a TSPM threshold that allows the spatial coexistence of alternative stable states at benthic Potter Cove system.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Torre
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - G Alurralde
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - C Lagger
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - D Abele
- Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI), Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research. Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - I R Schloss
- Instituto Antártico Argentino, San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas, CONICET, Ushuaia, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, Argentina
| | - R Sahade
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Córdoba, Argentina.
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Taverna A, de Aranzamendi MC, Maggioni T, Alurralde G, Turon X, Tatián M. Morphology, genetics, and historical records support the synonymy of two ascidian species and suggest their spread throughout areas of the Southern Hemisphere. INVERTEBR SYST 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/is20060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Taxonomic uncertainties and the lack of ecological knowledge can hinder the correct identification and the assignment of biogeographic status of marine species. The ascidian Asterocarpa humilis (Heller, 1878), originally described from New Zealand, has a broad distribution in shallow temperate areas of the Southern Hemisphere, having recently colonised areas of the Northern Hemisphere. A closely related species, Cnemidocarpa robinsoni Hartmeyer, 1916, has been reported in the South-Eastern Pacific and the South-Western Atlantic, and several authors considered it a junior synonym of A. humilis. We gathered for the first time morphological and genetic data from specimens from distant areas. We studied the morphology of specimens collected at seven locations of South America. We also re-examined specimens from museum collections and revised the available literature on these species. Genetic data were obtained from specimens from Argentina and compared with available sequences of A. humilis from Chile, New Zealand, England and France. Morphological and genetic analyses showed that all compared specimens were conspecific. Furthermore, specimens from different continents shared haplotypes and exhibited low genetic distance among them. These results, the biological characteristics of this ascidian, and its longstanding presence in different habitats from disjoint areas, allow us to question its native range. We support the idea that A. humilis is a cryptogenic and neocosmopolitan species that has been transported by maritime traffic through the Southern Hemisphere, revealing frequent processes of exchange through this wide area for more than a century, with presumably associated alterations in the marine biota.
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Alurralde G, Fuentes VL, Maggioni T, Movilla J, Olariaga A, Orejas C, Schloss IR, Tatián M. Role of suspension feeders in antarctic pelagic-benthic coupling: Trophic ecology and potential carbon sinks under climate change. Mar Environ Res 2019; 152:104790. [PMID: 31537412 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.104790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sea-ice and coastal glacier loss in the Western Antarctic Peninsula open new ice-free areas. They allowing primary production and providing new seabed for colonisation, both acting as a negative feedback of climate change. However, the injection of sediment-laden runoff from the melting of land-terminating glaciers may reduce this feedback. Changes in particulate matter will affect nutrition and excretion (faeces stoichiometry and properties) of suspension feeders, reshaping coastal carbon dynamics and pelagic-benthic coupling. Absorption efficiency and biodeposition of Euphausia superba and Cnemidocarpa verrucosa were quantified for different food treatments and varying sediment concentrations. Both species showed high overall absorption efficiency for free-sediment diets, but were negatively affected by sediment addition. High sediment conditions increased krill biodeposition, while it decreased in ascidians. Energy balance estimation indicated high carbon sink potential in ascidians, but it is modulated by food characteristics and negatively affected by sediment inputs in the water column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gastón Alurralde
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Ecología Marina, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA) CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | | | - Tamara Maggioni
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Ecología Marina, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA) CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Juancho Movilla
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Estación de Investigación Jaume Ferrer, Mahón, Spain
| | | | - Covadonga Orejas
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Palma, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Irene R Schloss
- Instituto Antártico Argentino, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas, CONICET, Ushuaia, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, Argentina
| | - Marcos Tatián
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Ecología Marina, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA) CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
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Alurralde G, de Aranzamendi MC, Taverna A, Maggioni T, Tatián M. Not as clear as expected: what genetic data tell about Southern Hemisphere corellids (Ascidiacea: Phlebobranchia). J NAT HIST 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2018.1553250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gastón Alurralde
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Ecología Marina, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Carla de Aranzamendi
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Ecología Marina, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Anabela Taverna
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Ecología Marina, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Tamara Maggioni
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Ecología Marina, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marcos Tatián
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Ecología Marina, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina
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Servetto N, Rossi S, Fuentes V, Alurralde G, Lagger C, Sahade R. Seasonal trophic ecology of the dominant Antarctic coral Malacobelemnon daytoni (Octocorallia, Pennatulacea, Kophobelemnidae). Mar Environ Res 2017; 130:264-274. [PMID: 28844394 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Antarctic ecosystems present highly marked seasonal patterns in energy input, which in turn determines the biology and ecology of marine invertebrate species. This relationship is stronger at lower levels of the food web, while upper levels may be less dependent on primary production pulses. The pennatulid Malacobelemnon daytoni, is one of the most abundant species in Potter Cove, Antarctica. In order to assess its trophic ecology and energetic strategies, its biochemical (carbohydrates, proteins and lipids), Fatty Acid (FA) and Stable Isotope (SI) (δ15N and δ13C) compositions were studied over a year-round period. The FA and SI profiles suggest an omnivorous diet and opportunistic feeding strategy for the species. These results, together with biochemical analysis (higher lipid and carbohydrate concentration observed in July and October 2009), support the hypothesis that resuspension events may be an important source of energy, reducing the seasonality of food depletion periods in winter. The evidence presented here gives us a better insight into the success that this species has in Potter Cove and under the current environmental changes experienced by the Antarctic Peninsula.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Servetto
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (CONICET-UNC) and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - S Rossi
- Institut de Ciència i TecnologiaAmbientals, UniversitatAuntònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Spain; DiSTeBA, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - V Fuentes
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, ICM-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Alurralde
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (CONICET-UNC) and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - C Lagger
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (CONICET-UNC) and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - R Sahade
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (CONICET-UNC) and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
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Fuentes V, Alurralde G, Meyer B, Aguirre GE, Canepa A, Wölfl AC, Hass HC, Williams GN, Schloss IR. Glacial melting: an overlooked threat to Antarctic krill. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27234. [PMID: 27250339 PMCID: PMC4890292 DOI: 10.1038/srep27234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Strandings of marine animals are relatively common in marine systems. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We observed mass strandings of krill in Antarctica that appeared to be linked to the presence of glacial meltwater. Climate-induced glacial meltwater leads to an increased occurrence of suspended particles in the sea, which is known to affect the physiology of aquatic organisms. Here, we study the effect of suspended inorganic particles on krill in relation to krill mortality events observed in Potter Cove, Antarctica, between 2003 and 2012. The experimental results showed that large quantities of lithogenic particles affected krill feeding, absorption capacity and performance after only 24 h of exposure. Negative effects were related to both the threshold concentrations and the size of the suspended particles. Analysis of the stomach contents of stranded krill showed large quantities of large particles ( > 106 μm3), which were most likely mobilized by glacial meltwater. Ongoing climate-induced glacial melting may impact the coastal ecosystems of Antarctica that rely on krill.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gastón Alurralde
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.,Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), CONICET-UNC y Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Bettina Meyer
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany.,Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Gastón E Aguirre
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Antonio Canepa
- School of Marine Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Anne-Cathrin Wölfl
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Wadden Sea Research Station, List, Germany
| | - H Christian Hass
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Wadden Sea Research Station, List, Germany
| | - Gabriela N Williams
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.,Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Irene R Schloss
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.,Instituto Antártico Argentino, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski, Rimouski, Quebec, Canada
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11
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Alurralde G, Torre L, Schwindt E, Castilla JC, Tatián M. A re-evaluation of morphological characters of the invasive ascidian Corella eumyota reveals two different species at the tip of South America and in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Polar Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-013-1319-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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