1
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Kyselová L, Řezanka T. Stereochemistry of aminoacylated cardiolipins and phosphatidylglycerols from bacteria. Electrophoresis 2023. [PMID: 37860988 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) connected with electrospray high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (MS) was used for the analysis of unusual amino acid (AA) substituted phosphatidylglycerols (PG) and cardiolipins (CL) in mesophilic and thermophilic bacteria. Individual peaks from the lipid class separation by HILIC were isolated and hydrolyzed to determine the absolute configuration of the aminoacyl side chain. The configuration of the aminoacyl side chain was assigned by indirect liquid chromatography (LC) enantiomer separation after the hydrolysis of the aminoacylated (aminoacyl) lipids using N-(4-nitrophenoxycarbonyl)-l-phenylalanine 2-methoxyethyl ester as chiral derivatizing agent and reversed phase LC-MS for analysis. When two chromatographic methods were combined, less common AAs, such as d-allo-Ile and d-allo-Thr, were identified. The taxonomic classification of bacteria showed that bacteria of the family Bacillaceae (Bacillus and Geobacillus) produce branched-chain AAs, that is, d-allo-Ile, d-Ile, and d-Leu. These AAs were present only in the genera Bacillus and Geobacillus and not in Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris (family Alicyclobacillaceae). On the contrary, hydroxy AAs, that is, l- and d-Thr, and l- and d-allo-Thr, were identified as aminoacyl-PG and aminoacyl-CL in A. acidoterrestris and were not present in the genera Bacillus and Geobacillus. Therefore, the complete analysis made it possible to identify the stereochemistry of AAs in aminoacyl PGs and CLs and use this fact for chemotaxonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Kyselová
- Research Institute of Brewing and Malting, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Řezanka
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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2
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Zhang S, Chen X, Wong HTK, Lui TY, Hu D, Chan TWD. CaptiveSpray Differential Ion Mobility Spectrometry Device with Enhanced Ion Transmission and Improved Resolving Power. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:820-825. [PMID: 37036088 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A performance enhanced CaptiveSpray differential ion mobility device was designed and constructed by incorporating a circular channel and a gas flow homogenizing channel (GFHC) between the CaptiveSpray ion source and planar differential ion mobility spectrometry (DMS). The GFHC was used to reduce gas flow heterogeneity prior to the entrance of the DMS device. The optimal flared entrance greatly reduces gas flow velocity at the inlet region owing to its relatively large gas inlet interface, which assists in reducing disparities between the minimum and maximum gas velocity along the x-axis. The circular electrode was machined with channels along the x- and y-axis for the passage of auxiliary gas and was applied with a potential to focus the incoming ions from the CaptiveSpray source into the DMS channel. Using reserpine as a reference standard, substantial signal enhancement was achieved with a concomitant reduction of the peak width in the ionogram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - H-T Kitty Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - T-Y Lui
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Danna Hu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - T-W Dominic Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
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3
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Rivera Velez SM, Newkirk M, Roux A, Ellis G, Harlan R, Go MDA, Parimi PS, Graham D. Characterization of D-amino acids in colostral, transitional, and mature preterm human milk. Amino Acids 2023; 55:51-59. [PMID: 36580144 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-022-03204-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
D-Amino acids are regulatory molecules that affect biological processes. Therefore, being able to accurately detect and quantify these compounds is important for understanding their impact on nutrition and health. There is a paucity of information regarding D-amino acids in human milk. We developed a fast method for simultaneous analysis of amino acid enantiomers in human milk using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The method enables the separation of 41 amino acids without chemical derivatization. Our results revealed that human milk from mothers of preterm infants contains concentrations of D-amino acids that range from 0.5 to 45% that of their L-counterparts and that levels of most D-amino acids decrease as the milk production matures. Moreover, we found that Holder pasteurization of milk does not cause racemization of L-amino acids. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe percentages of D-amino acid levels in human milk; changes in D-amino acid concentration as the milk matures; and the effect of Holder pasteurization on D- and L-amino acid concentrations in human milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Maiam Rivera Velez
- Molecular Determinants Center and Core, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, Saint Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Institute, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, Saint Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA
| | - Melanie Newkirk
- Clinical Nutrition, Lactation, Milk Depot, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, Saint Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA
| | - Aurelie Roux
- Molecular Determinants Center and Core, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, Saint Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA
| | - Greg Ellis
- Molecular Determinants Center and Core, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, Saint Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA
| | - Robert Harlan
- Molecular Determinants Center and Core, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, Saint Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA
| | - Mitzi Donabel Ang Go
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Doernbecher Children's Hospital, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Prabhu Satya Parimi
- Division of Neonatology, Case Western Reserve University, Metro Health Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44109, USA
| | - David Graham
- Molecular Determinants Center and Core, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, Saint Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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4
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Bogos LG, Pralea IE, Moldovan RC, Iuga CA. Indirect Enantioseparations: Recent Advances in Chiral Metabolomics for Biomedical Research. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137428. [PMID: 35806433 PMCID: PMC9267260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chiral metabolomics is starting to become a well-defined research field, powered by the recent advances in separation techniques. This review aimed to cover the most relevant advances in indirect enantioseparations of endogenous metabolites that were published over the last 10 years, including improvements and development of new chiral derivatizing agents, along with advances in separation methodologies. Moreover, special emphasis is put on exciting advances in separation techniques combined with mass spectrometry, such as chiral discrimination by ion-mobility mass spectrometry together with untargeted strategies for profiling of chiral metabolites in complex matrices. These advances signify a leap in chiral metabolomics technologies that will surely offer a solid base to better understand the specific roles of enantiomeric metabolites in systems biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa-Gabriela Bogos
- Department of Proteomics and Metabolomics, Research Center for Advanced Medicine–MEDFUTURE, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur Street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.-G.B.); (I.-E.P.); (C.-A.I.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana-Ecaterina Pralea
- Department of Proteomics and Metabolomics, Research Center for Advanced Medicine–MEDFUTURE, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur Street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.-G.B.); (I.-E.P.); (C.-A.I.)
| | - Radu-Cristian Moldovan
- Department of Proteomics and Metabolomics, Research Center for Advanced Medicine–MEDFUTURE, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur Street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.-G.B.); (I.-E.P.); (C.-A.I.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Cristina-Adela Iuga
- Department of Proteomics and Metabolomics, Research Center for Advanced Medicine–MEDFUTURE, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur Street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.-G.B.); (I.-E.P.); (C.-A.I.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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5
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Qiu J, Craven C, Wawryk N, Carroll K, Li XF. Integration of solid phase extraction with HILIC-MS/MS for analysis of free amino acids in source water. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 117:190-196. [PMID: 35725070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Amino acids (AAs) are prevalent in source water, particularly during spring run-off. Monitoring of amino acids in source water is desirable for water treatment plants (WTP) to indicate changes in source water quality. The objective of this study was to establish analytical procedures for reliable monitoring of amino acids in source water. Therefore, we examined two different methods, large volume inject (LVI) and solid phase extraction (SPE), for sample preparation prior to HILIC-MS/MS. The LVI-HILIC-MS/MS method can provide fast and sensitive detection for clean samples, but suffers from matrix effects, resulting in irreproducible separation and shortening column lifetime. We have demonstrated that SPE was necessary prior to HILIC-MS/MS to achieve reproducible and reliable quantification of AAs in source water. A natural heterocyclic amine 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (MTCCA) was also included in the method to indicate changes in other natural nitrogenous compounds in source water. The SPE-HILIC-MS/MS method was able to achieve limits of detection from 2.6-3400 ng/L for the amino acids and MTCCA with RSDs (n=3) of 1.1%-4.8%. As well, retention times (RT) of the analytes were reproducible with variation less than 0.01 min (n=3) through the entire project. We further applied the SPE-HILIC-MS/MS method to determine AAs in authentic source water samples collected from two drinking water treatment plants (WTPs) during the 2021 spring run-off season. The results support that the SPE-HILIC-MS/MS method does not require derivatization and can provide reliable, accurate, and robust analysis of AAs and MTCCA in source water, supporting future monitoring of source water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlang Qiu
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2G3, Canada; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Caley Craven
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Nicholas Wawryk
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Kristin Carroll
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Xing-Fang Li
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2G3, Canada.
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6
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Cooper-Shepherd DA, Olivos HJ, Wu Z, Palmer ME. Exploiting Self-Association to Evaluate Enantiomeric Composition by Cyclic Ion Mobility–Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2022; 94:8441-8448. [PMID: 35657797 PMCID: PMC9201813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The characterization
of enantiomers is an important analytical
challenge in the chemical and life sciences. Thorough evaluation of
the purity of chiral molecules is particularly required in the pharmaceutical
industry where safety concerns are paramount. Assessment of the enantiomeric
composition is still challenging and time-consuming, meaning that
alternative approaches are required. In this study, we exploit the
formation of dimers as diastereomeric pairs of enantiomers to affect
separation by high resolution cyclic ion mobility–mass spectrometry.
Using the example of (R/S)-thalidomide,
we show that even though this is not an enantiomer separation, we
can determine which enantiomer is in excess and obtain quantitative
information on the enantiomer composition without the need for a chiral
modifier. Further examples of the approach are presented, including d/l-tryptophan and (R/S)-propanolol, and demonstrate the need for mobility resolving power
in excess of 400 (CCS/ΔCCS).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hernando J. Olivos
- Waters Corporation, 34 Maple Street, Milford, Massachusetts 01757, United States
| | - Zhaoxiang Wu
- Waters Corporation, 34 Maple Street, Milford, Massachusetts 01757, United States
| | - Martin E. Palmer
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, United Kingdom
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7
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Abdulbagi M, Wang L, Siddig O, Di B, Li B. D-Amino Acids and D-Amino Acid-Containing Peptides: Potential Disease Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets? Biomolecules 2021; 11:1716. [PMID: 34827714 PMCID: PMC8615943 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In nature, amino acids are found in two forms, L and D enantiomers, except for glycine which does not have a chiral center. The change of one form to the other will lead to a change in the primary structure of proteins and hence may affect the function and biological activity of proteins. Indeed, several D-amino acid-containing peptides (DAACPs) were isolated from patients with cataracts, Alzheimer's and other diseases. Additionally, significant levels of free D-amino acids were found in several diseases, reflecting the disease conditions. Studying the molecular mechanisms of the DAACPs formation and the alteration in D-amino acids metabolism will certainly assist in understanding these diseases and finding new biomarkers and drug targets. In this review, the presence of DAACPs and free D-amino acids and their links with disease development and progress are summarized. Similarly, we highlight some recent advances in analytical techniques that led to improvement in the discovery and analysis of DAACPs and D-amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdulbagi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (M.A.); (L.W.); (O.S.)
| | - Liya Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (M.A.); (L.W.); (O.S.)
| | - Orwa Siddig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (M.A.); (L.W.); (O.S.)
| | - Bin Di
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (M.A.); (L.W.); (O.S.)
- Center Key Laboratory on Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (M.A.); (L.W.); (O.S.)
- Center Key Laboratory on Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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8
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Celma A, Ahrens L, Gago-Ferrero P, Hernández F, López F, Lundqvist J, Pitarch E, Sancho JV, Wiberg K, Bijlsma L. The relevant role of ion mobility separation in LC-HRMS based screening strategies for contaminants of emerging concern in the aquatic environment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130799. [PMID: 34162120 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ion mobility separation (IMS) coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (IMS-HRMS) is a promising technique for (non-)target/suspect analysis of micropollutants in complex matrices. IMS separates ionized compounds based on their charge, shape and size facilitating the removal of co-eluting isomeric/isobaric species. Additionally, IMS data can be translated into collision cross-section (CCS) values, which can be used to increase the identification reliability. However, IMS-HRMS for the screening of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) have been scarcely explored. In this study, the role of IMS-HRMS for the identification of CECs in complex matrices is highlighted, with emphasis on when and with which purpose is of use. The utilization of IMS can result in much cleaner mass spectra, which considerably facilitates data interpretation and the obtaining of reliable identifications. Furthermore, the robustness of IMS measurements across matrices permits the use of CCS as an additional relevant parameter during the identification step even when reference standards are not available. Moreover, an effect on the number of true and false identifications could be demonstrated by including IMS restrictions within the identification workflow. Data shown in this work is of special interest for environmental researchers dealing with the detection of CECs with state-of-the-art IMS-HRMS instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Celma
- Environmental and Public Health Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, University Jaume I, Castelló, E-12071, Spain
| | - Lutz Ahrens
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7050, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pablo Gago-Ferrero
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA) Severo Ochoa Excellence Center, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Félix Hernández
- Environmental and Public Health Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, University Jaume I, Castelló, E-12071, Spain
| | - Francisco López
- Environmental and Public Health Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, University Jaume I, Castelló, E-12071, Spain
| | - Johan Lundqvist
- Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7028, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elena Pitarch
- Environmental and Public Health Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, University Jaume I, Castelló, E-12071, Spain
| | - Juan Vicente Sancho
- Environmental and Public Health Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, University Jaume I, Castelló, E-12071, Spain
| | - Karin Wiberg
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7050, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lubertus Bijlsma
- Environmental and Public Health Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, University Jaume I, Castelló, E-12071, Spain.
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9
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Violi JP, Bishop DP, Padula MP, Steele JR, Rodgers KJ. Considerations for amino acid analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: A tutorial review. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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The Physiological Effects of Amino Acids Arginine and Citrulline: Is There a Basis for Development of a Beverage to Promote Endurance Performance? A Narrative Review of Orally Administered Supplements. BEVERAGES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages6010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nutritional and ergogenic aid supplementation is prevalent within athletic or general fitness populations, and is only continuing to gain momentum. Taken in isolation or as a combination, amino acid (AA) supplementation has the potential to increase endurance performance among other benefits. L-Arginine (L-Arg) and L-Citrulline (L-Cit) are two AAs proposed to increase endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, with potential additional physiological benefits, and therefore may contribute to enhanced performance outcomes such as increased power output, or time to exhaustion. However, the appropriate dose for promoting physiological and performance benefits of these AAs, and their potential synergistic effects remains to be determined. Therefore, the aim of this review was to evaluate the varied concentrations used in the current literature, assess the effects of L-Arg and L-Cit in combination on physiological responses and endurance performance, and consider if there is a fundamental basis for providing these supplements in the form of a beverage. A total of six studies were considered eligible for the review which utilized a range of 3–8 g of the AA constituents. The findings support the notion that supplementing with a combination of L-Arg and L-Cit may increase NO production, enhance vasodilation, and therefore increase performance capacity in athletes. A beverage as a carrier for the two AAs is worth considering; however, there remains limited research assessing these outcomes across a consistent range of concentrations in order to see their full potential.
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11
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Barbas-Bernardos C, Garcia-Perez I, Lorenzo MP, Alonso-Herranz V, Nicholson J, Garcia A. Development and validation of a high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the absolute analysis of 17 α D-amino acids in cooked meals. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1611:460598. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Kobayashi J. d-Amino Acids and Lactic Acid Bacteria. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7120690. [PMID: 31842512 PMCID: PMC6955911 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7120690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins are composed of l-amino acids except for glycine, which bears no asymmetric carbon atom. Accordingly, researchers have studied the function and metabolism of l-amino acids in living organisms but have paid less attention to the presence and roles of their d-enantiomers. However, with the recent developments in analytical techniques, the presence of various d-amino acids in the cells of various organisms and the importance of their roles have been revealed. For example, d-serine (d-Ser) and d-aspartate (d-Asp) act as neurotransmitters and hormone-like substances, respectively, in humans, whereas some kinds of d-amino acids act as a biofilm disassembly factor in bacteria. Interestingly, lactic acid bacteria produce various kinds of d-amino acids during fermentation, and many d-amino acids taste sweet, compared with the corresponding l-enantiomers. The influence of d-amino acids on human health and beauty has been reported in recent years. These facts suggest that the d-amino acids produced by lactic acid bacteria are important in terms of the taste and function of lactic-acid-fermented foods. Against this background, unique d-amino-acid-metabolizing enzymes have been searched for and observed in lactic acid bacteria. This review summarizes and introduces the importance of various d-amino acids in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyumpei Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
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13
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D-amino acids in foods. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 104:555-574. [PMID: 31832715 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10264-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With the only exception of glycine, all amino acids exist in two specular structures which are mirror images of each other, called D-(dextro) and L-(levo) enantiomers. During evolution, L-amino acids were preferred for protein synthesis and main metabolism; however, the D-amino acids (D-AAs) acquired different and specific functions in different organisms (from playing a structural role in the peptidoglycan of the bacterial cell wall to modulating neurotransmission in mammalian brain). With the advent of sophisticated and sensitive analytical techniques, it was established during the past few decades that many foods contain considerable amounts of D-AAs: we consume more than 100 mg of D-AAs every day. D-AAs are present in a variety of foodstuffs, where they fulfill a relevant role in producing differences in taste and flavor and in their antimicrobial and antiaging properties from the corresponding L-enantiomers. In this review, we report on the derivation of D-AAs in foods, mainly originating from the starting materials, fermentation processes, racemization during food processing, or contamination. We then focus on leading-edge methods to identify and quantify D-AAs in foods. Finally, current knowledge concerning the effect of D-AAs on the nutritional state and human health is summarized, highlighting some positive and negative effects. Notwithstanding recent progress in D-AA research, the relationships between presence and nutritional value of D-AAs in foods represent a main scientific issue with interesting economic impact in the near future.
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14
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Pérez-Míguez R, Bruyneel B, Castro-Puyana M, Marina ML, Somsen GW, Domínguez-Vega E. Chiral Discrimination of DL-Amino Acids by Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry after Derivatization with (+)-1-(9-Fluorenyl)ethyl Chloroformate. Anal Chem 2019; 91:3277-3285. [PMID: 30682252 PMCID: PMC6404107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
![]()
A novel analytical
method based on hybrid trapped ion mobility
spectrometry-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TIMS-TOFMS) has been
developed to achieve fast enantiomeric separation of amino acids (AAs).
Resolution of chiral AAs was achieved by forming diastereomers through
derivatization with the chiral agent (+)-1-(9-fluorenyl)ethyl chloroformate
(FLEC), avoiding the use of reference compounds. Electrospray ionization
(ESI) in positive mode yielded sodiated FLEC-AAs ions of which the
diastereomers could be separated by TIMS. The effect of other alkali
metal ions (such as Li and K) on the enantioselectivity was studied,
but chiral discrimination was only observed for Na. TIMS conditions,
including voltage ramp, ramp time, and accumulation time were optimized
for each AA, and collision cross sections (CCSs) were determined for
all diastereomers. The migration order of the DL enantiomers was found
to be dependent on the structure of the AA. The resulting TIMS resolution
(K0/ΔK0) for the FLEC-AA diastereomers on average was 115, requiring
a mobility (K0) difference of about 0.009 cm2/(V s) to
achieve 50%-valley separation. From the 21 AAs studied, enantiomer
separation was achieved for 17 AAs with mobility differences ranging
from 0.009 for lysine up to 0.061 cm2/(V s) for asparagine.
Moreover, the presented methodology provided mutual separation of
various AAs, allowing chiral analysis of multiple AAs simultaneously
which may be challenging with previous enantioselective IMS approaches.
It appeared possible to fully resolve all studied DL-AAs using three
distinct TIMS methods, resulting in a total MS run time of about 3
min (1 min per method) and a total analysis time (including derivatization)
of less than 15 min. The method demonstrated capable to determine
enantiomeric ratios down to 2.5% with detection limits for the D enantiomers
in the nanomolar range. This new TIMS-based methodology opens up possibilities
for easy and fast analysis of AA enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Pérez-Míguez
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , de Boelelaan 1085 , 1081 HV Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences , University of Alcalá , Carretera Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33600 , 28871 , Alcalá de Henares , Madrid , Spain
| | - Ben Bruyneel
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , de Boelelaan 1085 , 1081 HV Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - María Castro-Puyana
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences , University of Alcalá , Carretera Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33600 , 28871 , Alcalá de Henares , Madrid , Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences , University of Alcalá , Carretera Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33600 , 28871 , Alcalá de Henares , Madrid , Spain
| | - Govert W Somsen
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , de Boelelaan 1085 , 1081 HV Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Elena Domínguez-Vega
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , de Boelelaan 1085 , 1081 HV Amsterdam , The Netherlands
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15
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Metal-ion free chiral analysis of amino acids as small as proline using high-definition differential ion mobility mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1036:172-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Bauer A, Kuballa J, Rohn S, Jantzen E, Luetjohann J. Evaluation and validation of an ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry pesticide screening approach. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:2178-2187. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bauer
- Research and Development Department; GALAB Laboratories GmbH; Hamburg Germany
| | - Juergen Kuballa
- Research and Development Department; GALAB Laboratories GmbH; Hamburg Germany
| | - Sascha Rohn
- Institute of Food Chemistry; Hamburg School of Food Science; University of Hamburg; Hamburg Germany
| | - Eckard Jantzen
- Research and Development Department; GALAB Laboratories GmbH; Hamburg Germany
| | - Jens Luetjohann
- Research and Development Department; GALAB Laboratories GmbH; Hamburg Germany
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17
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Chen X, Kang Y, Zeng S. Analysis of stereoisomers of chiral drug by mass spectrometry. Chirality 2018; 30:609-618. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Chen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Yu Kang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Su Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
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18
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Ha S, Kim I, Takata T, Kinouchi T, Isoyama M, Suzuki M, Fujii N. Identification of ᴅ-amino acid-containing peptides in human serum. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189972. [PMID: 29253022 PMCID: PMC5734745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biologically uncommon d-aspartate (d-Asp) residues have been shown to accumulate in proteins associated with age-related human disorders, such as cataract and Alzheimer disease. Such d-Asp-containing proteins are unlikely to be broken down completely because metabolic enzymes recognize only proteins or peptides composed exclusively of l-amino acids. Therefore, undigested d-Asp-containing peptides may exist in blood and, if detectable, may be a useful biomarker for associated diseases. In this study, we investigated d-amino acid-containing peptides in adult human serum by a qualitative d-amino acid analysis based on a diastereomer method and LC-MS/MS method. As a result, two d-Asp-containing peptides were detected in serum, both derived from the fibrinogen β-chain, a glycoprotein that helps in the formation of blood clots. One of the peptides was fibrinopeptide B, which prevents fibrinogen from forming polymers of fibrin, and the other was same peptide with C-terminal Arginine missing. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of d-amino acid-containing peptides in serum and the approach described will provide a new direction on the serum proteome and fragmentome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongmin Ha
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ingu Kim
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takumi Takata
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadatoshi Kinouchi
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Minoru Suzuki
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Noriko Fujii
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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