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Yu W, Guan WM, Hayashi D, Lin Q, Du MM, Xia WB, Wang YXJ, Guermazi A. Vertebral fracture severity assessment on anteroposterior radiographs with a new semi-quantitative technique. Osteoporos Int 2024; 35:831-839. [PMID: 38296865 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-024-07024-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
We developed a new tool to assess the severity of osteoporotic vertebral fracture using radiographs of the spine. Our technique can be used in patient care by helping to stratify patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures into appropriate treatment pathways. It can also be used for research purposes. PURPOSE The aim of our study was to propose a semi-quantitative (SQ) grading scheme for osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) on anteroposterior (AP) radiographs. METHODS On AP radiographs, the vertebrae are divided into right and left halves, which are graded (A) vertical rectangle, (B) square, (C) traverse rectangle, and (D) trapezoid; whole vertebrae are graded (E) transverse band or (F) bow-tie. Type A and B were compared with normal and Genant SQ grade 1 OVF, Type C and D with grade 2 OVF, and Type E and F with grade 3 OVF. Spine AP radiographs and lateral radiographs of 50 females were assessed by AP radiographs SQ grading. After training, an experienced board-certified radiologist and a radiology trainee assessed the 50 AP radiographs. RESULTS The height-to-width ratio of the half vertebrae varied 1.32-1.48. On lateral radiographs, 84 vertebrae of the 50 patients had OVFs (38 grade 1, 24 grade 2, and 22 grade 3). On AP radiographs, the radiologist correctly assigned 84.2%, 91.7%, and 77.2% and the trainee correctly assigned 68.4%, 79.2%, and 81.8% of grade 1, 2, and 3 OVFs, respectively. Compared with lateral radiographs, the radiologist had a weighted Kappa of 0.944 including normal vertebrae and 0.883 not including normal vertebrae, while the corresponding Kappa values for the trainee were 0.891 and 0.830, respectively. CONCLUSION We propose a new semi-quantitative grading system for vertebral fracture severity assessment on AP spine radiographs.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Yu
- Department of Radiology, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - W-M Guan
- Department of Radiology, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - D Hayashi
- Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Q Lin
- Department of Radiology, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Arion Cancer Center, Beijing, China
| | - M-M Du
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - W-B Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Y-X J Wang
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - A Guermazi
- Department of Radiology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Fukunaga S, Mukasa M, Nakane T, Nakano D, Tsutsumi T, Chou T, Tanaka H, Hayashi D, Minami S, Ohuchi A, Nagata T, Takaki K, Takaki H, Miyajima I, Nouno R, Araki T, Morita T, Torimura T, Okabe Y, Kawaguchi T. Impact of non-obese metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease on risk factors for the recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection: A multicenter study. Hepatol Res 2024; 54:201-212. [PMID: 37796562 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Metabolic dysfunction is a risk factor for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We investigated the impact of the recently proposed metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and its subtypes on ESCC recurrence after endoscopic treatment. METHODS This multicenter observational cohort study enrolled consecutive patients newly diagnosed with ESCC after endoscopic treatment. Patients were classified into MAFLD or non-MAFLD groups. The MAFLD group was further classified into non-obese and obese MAFLD groups with a body mass index cutoff value of 25 kg/m2 . The impact of MAFLD on the recurrence of ESCC was evaluated using a decision tree algorithm and random forest analysis. RESULTS A total of 147 patients (average age 69 years; male : female, 127:20; observational period, 2.4 years) were enrolled. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year recurrence rates were 2.0%, 21.1%, and 33.7%, respectively. Independent risk factors for the recurrence of ESCC were MAFLD (HR 2.2812; 95% confidence interval 1.0497-4.9571; p = 0.0373), drinking status, and smoking status. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease was identified as the second most important classifier for recurrence, followed by drinking status. The cumulative incidence of ESCC recurrence was higher in the MAFLD group than in the non-MAFLD group. In a subanalysis, the cumulative incidence of recurrence was significantly higher in the non-obese than in the obese MAFLD group among abstainers/non-drinkers. Directed acyclic graphs revealed that MAFLD directly contributes to ESCC recurrence. CONCLUSIONS MAFLD was independently and directly associated with ESCC recurrence after endoscopic treatment; a high recurrence rate was observed in patients with non-obese MAFLD. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease may identify patients at high risk for ESCC recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Fukunaga
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Michita Mukasa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nakane
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Dan Nakano
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Tsutsumi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tomonori Chou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tanaka
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Daiki Hayashi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Shinpei Minami
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ohuchi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nagata
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yoshinobu Okabe
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takumi Kawaguchi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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Li H, Tamura R, Hayashi D, Asai H, Koga J, Ando S, Yokota S, Kaneko J, Sakurai K, Sumiyoshi A, Yamamoto T, Hikishima K, Tanaka KZ, McHugh TJ, Hisatsune T. Silencing dentate newborn neurons alters excitatory/inhibitory balance and impairs behavioral inhibition and flexibility. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadk4741. [PMID: 38198539 PMCID: PMC10780870 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk4741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis confers the hippocampus with unparalleled neural plasticity, essential for intricate cognitive functions. The specific influence of sparse newborn neurons (NBNs) in modulating neural activities and subsequently steering behavior, however, remains obscure. Using an engineered NBN-tetanus toxin mouse model (NBN-TeTX), we noninvasively silenced NBNs, elucidating their crucial role in impulse inhibition and cognitive flexibility as evidenced through Morris water maze reversal learning and Go/Nogo task in operant learning. Task-based functional MRI (tb-fMRI) paired with operant learning revealed dorsal hippocampal hyperactivation during the Nogo task in male NBN-TeTX mice, suggesting that hippocampal hyperexcitability might underlie the observed behavioral deficits. Additionally, resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) exhibited enhanced functional connectivity between the dorsal and ventral dentate gyrus following NBN silencing. Further investigations into the activities of PV+ interneurons and mossy cells highlighted the indispensability of NBNs in maintaining the hippocampal excitation/inhibition balance. Our findings emphasize that the neural plasticity driven by NBNs extensively modulates the hippocampus, sculpting inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowei Li
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Risako Tamura
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Daiki Hayashi
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Asai
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Junya Koga
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Shota Ando
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Sayumi Yokota
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Jun Kaneko
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Sakurai
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Akira Sumiyoshi
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yamamoto
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Keigo Hikishima
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Z. Tanaka
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Thomas J. McHugh
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Hisatsune
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
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Tran TAT, Iwata Y, Hoang LT, Kitajima S, Yoneda-Nakagawa S, Oshima M, Sakai N, Toyama T, Yamamura Y, Yamazaki H, Hara A, Shimizu M, Sako K, Minami T, Yuasa T, Horikoshi K, Hayashi D, Kajikawa S, Wada T. Protective Role of MAVS Signaling for Murine Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Immunohorizons 2024; 8:1-18. [PMID: 38169549 PMCID: PMC10835654 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite treatment advances, acute kidney injury (AKI)-related mortality rates are still high in hospitalized adults, often due to sepsis. Sepsis and AKI could synergistically worsen the outcomes of critically ill patients. TLR4 signaling and mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) signaling are innate immune responses essential in kidney diseases, but their involvement in sepsis-associated AKI (SA-AKI) remains unclear. We studied the role of MAVS in kidney injury related to the TLR4 signaling pathway using a murine LPS-induced AKI model in wild-type and MAVS-knockout mice. We confirmed the importance of M1 macrophage in SA-AKI through in vivo assessment of inflammatory responses. The TLR4 signaling pathway was upregulated in activated bone marrow-derived macrophages, in which MAVS helped maintain the LPS-suppressed TLR4 mRNA level. MAVS regulated redox homeostasis via NADPH oxidase Nox2 and mitochondrial reverse electron transport in macrophages to alleviate the TLR4 signaling response to LPS. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and AP-1 were key regulators of TLR4 transcription and connected MAVS-dependent reactive oxygen species signaling with the TLR4 pathway. Inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase could partly reduce inflammation in LPS-treated bone marrow-derived macrophages without MAVS. These findings highlight the renoprotective role of MAVS in LPS-induced AKI by regulating reactive oxygen species generation-related genes and maintaining redox balance. Controlling redox homeostasis through MAVS signaling may be a promising therapy for SA-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Anh Thi Tran
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yasunori Iwata
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Division of Infection Control, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Linh Thuy Hoang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Kitajima
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Division of Blood Purification, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | - Megumi Oshima
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Norihiko Sakai
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Division of Blood Purification, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tadashi Toyama
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamamura
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroka Yamazaki
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Akinori Hara
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Miho Shimizu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Sako
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Taichiro Minami
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yuasa
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Horikoshi
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Daiki Hayashi
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Sho Kajikawa
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Wada
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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5
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Yamamura Y, Sakai N, Iwata Y, Lagares D, Hara A, Kitajima S, Toyama T, Miyagawa T, Ogura H, Sato K, Oshima M, Nakagawa S, Tamai A, Horikoshi K, Matsuno T, Yamamoto N, Hayashi D, Toyota Y, Kaikoi D, Shimizu M, Tager AM, Wada T. Myocardin-related transcription factor contributes to renal fibrosis through the regulation of extracellular microenvironment surrounding fibroblasts. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23005. [PMID: 37289107 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201870r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast accumulation and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition are common critical steps for the progression of organ fibrosis, but the precise molecular mechanisms remain to be fully investigated. We have previously demonstrated that lysophosphatidic acid contributes to organ fibrosis through the production of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) via actin cytoskeleton-dependent signaling, myocardin-related transcription factor family (MRTF) consisting of MRTF-A and MRTF-B-serum response factor (SRF) pathway. In this study, we investigated the role of the MRTF-SRF pathway in the development of renal fibrosis, focusing on the regulation of ECM-focal adhesions (FA) in renal fibroblasts. Here we showed that both MRTF-A and -B were required for the expressions of ECM-related molecules such as lysyl oxidase family members, type I procollagen and fibronectin in response to transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 . TGF-β1 -MRTF-SRF pathway induced the expressions of various components of FA such as integrin α subunits (αv , α2 , α11 ) and β subunits (β1 , β3 , β5 ) as well as integrin-linked kinase (ILK). On the other hand, the blockade of ILK suppressed TGF-β1 -induced MRTF-SRF transcriptional activity, indicating a mutual relationship between MRTF-SRF and FA. Myofibroblast differentiation along with CTGF expression was also dependent on MRTF-SRF and FA components. Finally, global MRTF-A deficient and inducible fibroblast-specific MRTF-B deficient mice (MRTF-AKO BiFBKO mice) are protected from renal fibrosis with adenine administration. Renal expressions of ECM-FA components and CTGF as well as myofibroblast accumulation were suppressed in MRTF-AKO BiFBKO mice. These results suggest that the MRTF-SRF pathway might be a therapeutic target for renal fibrosis through the regulation of components forming ECM-FA in fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Yamamura
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Norihiko Sakai
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Division of Blood Purification, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yasunori Iwata
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Division of Infection Control, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - David Lagares
- Fibrosis Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Akinori Hara
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Kitajima
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Division of Infection Control, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tadashi Toyama
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Taro Miyagawa
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hisayuki Ogura
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Koichi Sato
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Megumi Oshima
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shiori Nakagawa
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Akira Tamai
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Horikoshi
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takahiro Matsuno
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Daiki Hayashi
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yoshitada Toyota
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Daichi Kaikoi
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Miho Shimizu
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Andrew M Tager
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Takashi Wada
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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Matsui A, Bellier JP, Hayashi D, Ishibe T, Nakamura Y, Taguchi H, Naruse N, Mera Y. Curcumin tautomerization in the mechanism of pentameric amyloid- β42 oligomers disassembly. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 666:68-75. [PMID: 37178507 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.04.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a neurologic disorder characterized by the accumulation of extracellular deposits of amyloid-β (Aβ) fibrils in the brain of patients. The key etiologic agent in Alzheimer's disease is not known; however oligomeric Aβ appears detrimental to neuronal functions and increases Aβ fibrils deposition. Previous research has shown that curcumin, a phenolic pigment of turmeric, has an effect on Aβ assemblies, although the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that curcumin disassembles pentameric oligomers made from synthetic Aβ42 peptides (pentameric oAβ42), using atomic force microscopy imaging followed by Gaussian analysis. Since curcumin shows keto-enol structural isomerism (tautomerism), the effect of keto-enol tautomerism on its disassembly was investigated. We have found that curcumin derivatives capable of keto-enol tautomerization also disassemble pentameric oAβ42, while, a curcumin derivative incapable of tautomerization did not affect the integrity of pentameric oAβ42. These experimental findings indicate that keto-enol tautomerism plays an essential role in the disassembly. We propose a mechanism for oAβ42 disassembly by curcumin based on molecular dynamics calculations of the tautomerism. When curcumin and its derivatives bind to the hydrophobic regions of oAβ42, the keto-form changes predominantly to the enol-form; this transition is associated with structural (twisting, planarization and rigidification) and potential energy changes that give curcumin enough force to act as a torsion molecular-spring that eventually disassembles pentameric oAβ42. This proposed mechanism sheds new light on keto-enol tautomerism as a relevant chemical feature for designing such novel therapeutic drugs that target protein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuya Matsui
- Department of Fundamental Bioscience, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan
| | | | - Daiki Hayashi
- Department of Fundamental Bioscience, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Takafumi Ishibe
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-Cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakamura
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-Cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Taguchi
- Kyoto Women's University, Kitahiyoshi-cho, Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto, 605-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuyasu Naruse
- Department of Fundamental Bioscience, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Mera
- Department of Fundamental Bioscience, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan
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7
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Hayashi D, Dennis EA. Molecular basis of unique specificity and regulation of group VIA calcium-independent phospholipase A 2 (PNPLA9) and its role in neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 245:108395. [PMID: 36990122 PMCID: PMC10174669 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Glycerophospholipids are major components of cell membranes and consist of a glycerol backbone esterified with one of over 30 unique fatty acids at each of the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. In addition, in some human cells and tissues as much as 20% of the glycerophospholipids contain a fatty alcohol rather than an ester in the sn-1 position, although it can also occur in the sn-2 position. The sn-3 position of the glycerol backbone contains a phosphodiester bond linked to one of more than 10 unique polar head-groups. Hence, humans contain thousands of unique individual molecular species of phospholipids given the heterogeneity of the sn-1 and sn-2 linkage and carbon chains and the sn-3 polar groups. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is a superfamily of enzymes that hydrolyze the sn-2 fatty acyl chain resulting in lyso-phospholipids and free fatty acids that then undergo further metabolism. PLA2's play a critical role in lipid-mediated biological responses and membrane phospholipid remodeling. Among the PLA2 enzymes, the Group VIA calcium-independent PLA2 (GVIA iPLA2), also referred to as PNPLA9, is a fascinating enzyme with broad substrate specificity and it is implicated in a wide variety of diseases. Especially notable, the GVIA iPLA2 is implicated in the sequelae of several neurodegenerative diseases termed "phospholipase A2-associated neurodegeneration" (PLAN) diseases. Despite many reports on the physiological role of the GVIA iPLA2, the molecular basis of its enzymatic specificity was unclear. Recently, we employed state-of-the-art lipidomics and molecular dynamics techniques to elucidate the detailed molecular basis of its substrate specificity and regulation. In this review, we summarize the molecular basis of the enzymatic action of GVIA iPLA2 and provide a perspective on future therapeutic strategies for PLAN diseases targeting GVIA iPLA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Hayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Edward A Dennis
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0601, USA
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Hayashi D, Mouchlis VD, Okamoto S, Namba T, Wang L, Li S, Ueda S, Yamanoue M, Tachibana H, Arai H, Ashida H, Dennis EA, Shirai Y. Vitamin E functions by association with a novel binding site on the 67 kDa laminin receptor activating diacylglycerol kinase. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 110:109129. [PMID: 35977663 PMCID: PMC10243646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
It is generally recognized that the main function of α-tocopherol (αToc), which is the most active form of vitamin E, is its antioxidant effect, while non-antioxidant effects have also been reported. We previously found that αToc ameliorates diabetic nephropathy via diacylglycerol kinase alpha (DGKα) activation in vivo, and the activation was not related to the antioxidant effect. However, the underlying mechanism of how αToc activates DGKα have been enigmatic. We report that the membrane-bound 67 kDa laminin receptor (67LR), which has previously been shown to serve as a receptor for epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), also contains a novel binding site for vitamin E, and its association with Vitamin E mediates DGKα activation by αToc. We employed hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX/MS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to identify the specific binding site of αToc on the 67LR and discovered the conformation of the specific hydrophobic pocket that accommodates αToc. Also, HDX/MS and MD simulations demonstrated the detailed binding of EGCG to a water-exposed hydrophilic site on 67LR, while in contrast αToc binds to a distinct hydrophobic site. We demonstrated that 67LR triggers an important signaling pathway mediating non-antioxidant effects of αToc, such as DGKα activation. This is the first evidence demonstrating a membrane receptor for αToc and one of the underlying mechanisms of a non-antioxidant function for αToc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Hayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Varnavas D Mouchlis
- Department of Pharmacology, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Seika Okamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomoka Namba
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Liuqing Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Shuji Ueda
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Minoru Yamanoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Tachibana
- Division of Applied Biological Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Arai
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ashida
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Edward A Dennis
- Department of Pharmacology, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yasuhito Shirai
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
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9
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Hayashi D, Mouchlis VD, Dennis EA. Each phospholipase A 2 type exhibits distinct selectivity toward sn-1 ester, alkyl ether, and vinyl ether phospholipids. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159067. [PMID: 34634490 PMCID: PMC9188868 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glycerophospholipids are major components of cell membranes and have enormous variation in the composition of fatty acyl chains esterified on the sn-1 and sn-2 position as well as the polar head groups on the sn-3 position of the glycerol backbone. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymes constitute a superfamily of enzymes which play a critical role in metabolism and signal transduction by hydrolyzing the sn-2 acyl chains of glycerophospholipids. In human cell membranes, in addition to the conventional diester phospholipids, a significant amount is the sn-1 ether-linked phospholipids which play a critical role in numerous biological activities. However, precisely how PLA2s distinguish the sn-1 acyl chain linkage is not understood. In the present study, we expanded the technique of lipidomics to determine the unique in vitro specificity of three major human PLA2s, including Group IVA cytosolic cPLA2, Group VIA calcium-independent iPLA2, and Group V secreted sPLA2 toward the linkage at the sn-1 position. Interestingly, cPLA2 prefers sn-1 vinyl ether phospholipids known as plasmalogens over conventional ester phospholipids and the sn-1 alkyl ether phospholipids. iPLA2 showed similar activity toward vinyl ether and ester phospholipids at the sn-1 position. Surprisingly, sPLA2 preferred ester phospholipids over alkyl and vinyl ether phospholipids. By taking advantage of molecular dynamics simulations, we found that Trp30 in the sPLA2 active site dominates its specificity for diester phospholipids.
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10
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Hayashi D, Mouchlis VD, Dennis EA. Omega-3 versus Omega-6 fatty acid availability is controlled by hydrophobic site geometries of phospholipase A 2s. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100113. [PMID: 34474084 PMCID: PMC8551542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human phospholipase A2s (PLA2) constitute a superfamily of enzymes that hydrolyze the sn-2 acyl-chain of glycerophospholipids, producing lysophospholipids and free fatty acids. Each PLA2 enzyme type contributes to specific biological functions based on its expression, subcellular localization, and substrate specificity. Among the PLA2 superfamily, the cytosolic cPLA2 enzymes, calcium-independent iPLA2 enzymes, and secreted sPLA2 enzymes are implicated in many diseases, but a central issue is the preference for double-bond positions in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) occupying the sn-2 position of membrane phospholipids. We demonstrate that each PLA2 has a unique preference between the specific omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and the omega-6 arachidonic acid (AA), which are the precursors of most proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory or resolving eicosanoids and related oxylipins. Surprisingly, we discovered that human cPLA2 selectively prefers AA, whereas iPLA2 prefers EPA, and sPLA2 prefers DHA as substrate. We determined the optimal binding of each phospholipid substrate in the active site of each PLA2 to explain these specificities. To investigate this, we utilized recently developed lipidomics-based LC-MS/MS and GC/MS assays to determine the sn-2 acyl chain specificity in mixtures of phospholipids. We performed μs timescale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to reveal unique active site properties, especially how the precise hydrophobic cavity accommodation of the sn-2 acyl chain contributes to the stability of substrate binding and the specificity of each PLA2 for AA, EPA, or DHA. This study provides the first comprehensive picture of the unique substrate selectivity of each PLA2 for omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Varnavas D Mouchlis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Edward A Dennis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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11
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Hayashi D, Okubo T, Suzuki T, Miyazaki Y, Tanaka K, Usami M, Takizawa T. Valproic acid up-regulates the whole NO-citrulline cycle for potent iNOS-NO signaling to promote neuronal differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells. Nitric Oxide 2021; 106:35-44. [PMID: 33129925 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) remarkably promotes the differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) to mature neuronal cells through nitric oxide (NO) signaling due to up-regulated inducible NO synthase (iNOS) as early as within 3 days. Here, we investigated mechanisms of VPA-promoted neuronal differentiation of ASCs concerning the NO-citrulline cycle, the metabolic cycle producing NO. Cultured rat ASCs were differentiated to mature neuronal cells rich in dendrites and expressing a neuronal marker by treatments with VPA at 2 mM for 3 days and subsequently with the neuronal induction medium for 2 h. Inhibitor (α-methyl-d, l-aspartic acid, MDLA) of arginosuccinate synthase (ASS), a key enzyme of the NO-citrulline cycle, abolishes intracellular NO increase and VPA-promoted neuronal differentiation in ASCs. l-Arginine, the substrate of iNOS, restores the promotion effect of VPA, being against MDLA. Immunocytochemistry showed that ASS and iNOS were increased in ASCs expressing neurofilament medium polypeptide (NeFM), a neuronal marker, by VPA and NIM synergistically. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that mRNAs of Ass and arginosuccinate lyase (Asl) in the NO-citrulline cycle were increased by VPA. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay indicated that Ass and Asl were up-regulated by VPA through the acetylation of their associated histone. From these results, it was considered that VPA up-regulated the whole NO-citrulline cycle, which enabled continuous NO production by iNOS in large amounts for potent iNOS-NO signaling to promote neuronal differentiation of ASCs. This may also indicate a mechanism enabling short-lived NO to function conveniently as a potent signaling molecule that can disappear quickly after its role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Hayashi
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Takumi Okubo
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Takehito Suzuki
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Yoko Miyazaki
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Tanaka
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Makoto Usami
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan; Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Takizawa
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan.
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12
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Hayashi D, Wang L, Ueda S, Yamanoue M, Ashida H, Shirai Y. The mechanisms of ameliorating effect of a green tea polyphenol on diabetic nephropathy based on diacylglycerol kinase α. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11790. [PMID: 32678222 PMCID: PMC7366667 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68716-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant efforts have been made to ameliorate diabetic nephropathy (DN) by inhibiting protein kinase C. However, these efforts have not been successful in human trials, suggesting that novel therapeutic strategies are required. Thus far, it has been reported that green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) improved albuminuria in DN in a human trial. Our previous study revealed that activation of diacylglycerol kinase α (DGKα) plays a crucial role in the amelioration of DN and that EGCg activates DGKα. Here, we investigated whether and how DGKα contributes to the amelioration of DN upon stimulation by EGCg by using streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic model mice. Our results revealed that EGCg ameliorated albuminuria in DN through DGKα in vivo, and methylated EGCg, which has higher absorption in the plasma improved albuminuria in DN effectively. Additionally, we showed that c-Src mediated EGCg-induced DGKα translocation and colocalized with the 67 kDa laminin receptor, which is an EGCg receptor. Furthermore, EGCg attenuated the loss of podocytes in DN by preventing a decrease in focal adhesion under high glucose conditions. Our results indicate that the DGKα pathway is an attractive therapeutic target and that activating this pathway is a novel strategy for treating DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Hayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-Cho 1-1, Nada-Ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Liuqing Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-Cho 1-1, Nada-Ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Shuji Ueda
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-Cho 1-1, Nada-Ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Minoru Yamanoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-Cho 1-1, Nada-Ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ashida
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-Cho 1-1, Nada-Ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Shirai
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-Cho 1-1, Nada-Ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.
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13
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14
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Koutoulogenis GS, Kokotou MG, Hayashi D, Mouchlis VD, Dennis EA, Kokotos G. 2-Oxoester Phospholipase A 2 Inhibitors with Enhanced Metabolic Stability. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030491. [PMID: 32213911 PMCID: PMC7175278 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Oxoesters constitute an important class of potent and selective inhibitors of human cytosolic phospholipase A2 (GIVA cPLA2) combining an aromatic scaffold or a long aliphatic chain with a short aliphatic chain containing a free carboxylic acid. Although highly potent 2-oxoester inhibitors of GIVA cPLA2 have been developed, their rapid degradation in human plasma limits their pharmaceutical utility. In an effort to address this problem, we designed and synthesized two new 2-oxoesters introducing a methyl group either on the α-carbon to the oxoester functionality or on the carbon carrying the ester oxygen. We studied the in vitro plasma stability of both derivatives and their in vitro inhibitory activity on GIVA cPLA2. Both derivatives exhibited higher plasma stability in comparison with the unsubstituted compound and both derivatives inhibited GIVA cPLA2, however to different degrees. The 2-oxoester containing a methyl group on the α-carbon atom to the oxoester functionality exhibits enhancement of the metabolic stability and retains considerable inhibitory potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgos S. Koutoulogenis
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece; (G.S.K.); (M.G.K.)
| | - Maroula G. Kokotou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece; (G.S.K.); (M.G.K.)
| | - Daiki Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0601, USA; (D.H.); (V.D.M.)
| | - Varnavas D. Mouchlis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0601, USA; (D.H.); (V.D.M.)
| | - Edward A. Dennis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0601, USA; (D.H.); (V.D.M.)
- Correspondence: (E.A.D.); (G.K.); Tel.: +1-858-534-3055 (E.A.D.); +30-210-7274462 (G.K.)
| | - George Kokotos
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece; (G.S.K.); (M.G.K.)
- Correspondence: (E.A.D.); (G.K.); Tel.: +1-858-534-3055 (E.A.D.); +30-210-7274462 (G.K.)
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15
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Okubo T, Fujimoto S, Hayashi D, Suzuki T, Sakaue M, Miyazaki Y, Tanaka K, Usami M, Takizawa T. Valproic acid promotes mature neuronal differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells through iNOS-NO-sGC signaling pathway. Nitric Oxide 2019; 93:1-5. [PMID: 31484045 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) remarkably promotes the differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) to mature neuronal cells, enabling neuronal induction within only three days. Here, we investigated the involvement of NO-signaling in the VPA-promoted neuronal differentiation of ASCs as a possible mechanism. Cultured rat ASCs were differentiated to matured neuronal cells rich in dendrites and expressing βIII-tubulin protein, a neuronal marker, by treatments with VPA at 2 mM for 3 days and subsequently with the neuronal induction medium (NIM) containing cAMP-elevating agents for 2 h. Increased intracellular NO was detected in neuronal cells differentiated from ASCs treated with VPA by a fluorescence NO-specific probe, diaminofluorescein-FM diacetate. However, a NO donor (NOC18) increased the incidence of neuronal cells only to a lesser extent than VPA, indicating the insufficiency of exogenous NO. RT-PCR analysis of ASCs treated with VPA showed increased mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) with the acetylation of its associated histone H3K9. iNOS inhibitors (1400 W and dexamethasone) or a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitor (ODQ) decreased the incidence of neuronal cells differentiated from ASCs treated with VPA. These inhibitors also decreased the mRNA expression of mature neuronal markers, neurofilament medium polypeptide (NeFM) and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), as well as βIII-tubulin (TUBB3), to various extents. It was considered from these results that VPA promoted mature neuronal differentiation of ASCs through the iNOS-NO-sGC signaling pathway. This provided insights into the regulated neuronal differentiation of ASCs in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Okubo
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Shinri Fujimoto
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Daiki Hayashi
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Takehito Suzuki
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Motoharu Sakaue
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Yoko Miyazaki
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Tanaka
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Makoto Usami
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan; Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Takizawa
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan.
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16
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Hayashi D, Mouchlis VD, Dennis EA. Unique enzyme specificity of three human phospholipases A
2
toward phospholipids containing
sn
‐2 omega‐3 and omega‐6 fatty acids. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.489.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Edward A Dennis
- Department of PharmacologyUC San DiegoSan DiegoCA
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUC San DiegoSan DiegoCA
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17
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Hayashi D, Tsumagari R, Liu K, Ueda S, Yamanoue M, Sakane F, Shirai Y. Screening of subtype-specific activators and inhibitors for diacylglycerol kinase. J Biochem 2019; 165:517-522. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvz008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Hayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Rokkodai-cho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Tsumagari
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Rokkodai-cho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shuji Ueda
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Rokkodai-cho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Minoru Yamanoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Rokkodai-cho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Fumio Sakane
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Shirai
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Rokkodai-cho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe, Japan
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18
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Hayashi D, Yoshinari N, Konno T. Conversion of 12-membered d3- and l3-CoIII3CdII3 metallorings into a 24-membered d3l3-CoIII6CdII6 metalloring. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:921-924. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09121h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A unique example of a heterometallic coordination system, in which metalloring sizes are controlled via homochirality vs. heterochirality, is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka University
- Toyonaka
- Osaka 560-0043
| | - N. Yoshinari
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka University
- Toyonaka
- Osaka 560-0043
| | - T. Konno
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka University
- Toyonaka
- Osaka 560-0043
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19
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Hayashi D, Ueda S, Yamanoue M, Ashida H, Shirai Y. Amelioration of diabetic nephropathy by oral administration of d-α-tocopherol and its mechanisms. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:65-73. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1411184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a diabetic vascular complication, and abnormal protein kinase C (PKC) activation from increased diacylglycerol (DG) production in diabetic hyperglycemia is one of the causes of DN. Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) converts DG into phosphatidic acid. In other words, DGK can attenuate PKC activity by reducing the amount of DG. Recently, we reported that intraperitoneally administered d-α-tocopherol (vitamin E, αToc) induces an amelioration of DN in vivo through the activation of DGKα and the prevention of podocyte loss. However, the effect of the oral administration of αToc on DN in mice remains unknown. Here, we evaluated the effect of oral administration of αToc on DN and its molecular mechanism using streptozocin-induced diabetic mice. Consequently, the oral administration of αToc significantly ameliorated the symptoms of DN by preventing the loss of podocytes, and it was revealed that the inhibition of PKC activity was involved in this amelioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Hayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shuji Ueda
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Minoru Yamanoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ashida
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Shirai
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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20
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Schulze-Hennings U, Pötschke L, Wietor C, Bringmann S, Braun N, Hayashi D, Linnemann V, Pinnekamp J. Improving vacuum-UV (VUV) photolysis of organic compounds in water with a phosphor converted xenon excimer lamp emitting at 193 nm. Water Sci Technol 2016; 74:888-895. [PMID: 27533863 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel vacuum ultraviolet excimer lamp emitting light at 193 nm was used to investigate the degradation of organic micropollutants in ultrapure water and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent. Overall, light at 193 nm proved to be efficient to degrade the investigated micropollutants (diclofenac, diatrizoic acid, sulfamethoxazole). Experiments with WWTP effluent proved the ability of radiation at 193 nm to degrade micropollutants which are hardly removed with commonly used oxidation technologies like ozonation (diatrizoic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, perfluorooctanoic acid, and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid).
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Affiliation(s)
- U Schulze-Hennings
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Mies-van-der-Rohe-Str. 1, Aachen 52074, Germany E-mail:
| | - L Pötschke
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Mies-van-der-Rohe-Str. 1, Aachen 52074, Germany E-mail:
| | - C Wietor
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Mies-van-der-Rohe-Str. 1, Aachen 52074, Germany E-mail:
| | - S Bringmann
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Mies-van-der-Rohe-Str. 1, Aachen 52074, Germany E-mail:
| | - N Braun
- GVB GmbH, Nordstern - Park 2, Herzogenrath 52134, Germany
| | - D Hayashi
- Philips Group Innovation, Research, High Tech Campus 4, 1.518, Eindhoven 5656 AE, The Netherlands
| | - V Linnemann
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Mies-van-der-Rohe-Str. 1, Aachen 52074, Germany E-mail:
| | - J Pinnekamp
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Mies-van-der-Rohe-Str. 1, Aachen 52074, Germany E-mail:
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Guermazi A, Eckstein F, Hayashi D, Roemer FW, Wirth W, Yang T, Niu J, Sharma L, Nevitt MC, Lewis CE, Torner J, Felson DT. Baseline radiographic osteoarthritis and semi-quantitatively assessed meniscal damage and extrusion and cartilage damage on MRI is related to quantitatively defined cartilage thickness loss in knee osteoarthritis: the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:2191-2198. [PMID: 26162806 PMCID: PMC4957527 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To provide a comprehensive simultaneous relation of various semiquantitative knee OA MRI features as well as the presence of baseline radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) to quantitative longitudinal cartilage loss. METHODS We studied Multicenter OA Study (MOST) participants from a longitudinal observational study that included quantitative MRI measurement of cartilage thickness. These subjects also had Whole Organ MRI Score (WORMS) scoring of cartilage damage, bone marrow lesions (BMLs), meniscal pathology, and synovitis, as well as baseline radiographic evaluation for Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grading. Knee compartments were classified as progressors when exceeding thresholds of measurement variability in normal knees. All potential risk factors of cartilage loss were dichotomized into "present" (score ≥2 for cartilage, ≥1 for others) or "absent". Differences in baseline scores of ipsi-compartmental risk factors were compared between progressor and non-progressor knees by multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, alignment axis (degrees) and baseline KL grade. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% CIs were calculated for medial femorotibial compartment (MFTC) and lateral femorotibial compartment (LFTC) cartilage loss. Cartilage loss across both compartments was studied using Generalized Estimating Equations. RESULTS 196 knees of 196 participants were included (age 59.8 ± 6.3 years [mean ± SD], BMI 29.5 ± 4.6, 62% women). For combined analyses of MFTC and LFTC, baseline factors related to cartilage loss were radiographic OA (KL grade ≥2: aOR 4.8 [2.4-9.5], cartilage damage (aOR 2.3 [1.2-4.4])), meniscal damage (aOR 3.9 [2.1-7.4]) and extrusion (aOR 2.9 [1.6-5.3]), all in the ipsilateral compartment, but not BMLs or synovitis. CONCLUSION Baseline radiographic OA and semiquantitatively (SQ) assessed MRI-detected cartilage damage, meniscal damage and extrusion, but not BMLs or synovitis is related to quantitatively measured ipsi-compartmental cartilage thinning over 30 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guermazi
- Quantitative Imaging Center (QIC), Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - F Eckstein
- Institute of Anatomy, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - D Hayashi
- Quantitative Imaging Center (QIC), Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Bridgeport Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, Bridgeport, CT, USA
| | - F W Roemer
- Quantitative Imaging Center (QIC), Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - W Wirth
- Institute of Anatomy, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - T Yang
- Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Niu
- Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L Sharma
- Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center in Rheumatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M C Nevitt
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C E Lewis
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - J Torner
- Department of Radiology at the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - D T Felson
- Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Okubo T, Hayashi D, Yaguchi T, Fujita Y, Sakaue M, Suzuki T, Tsukamoto A, Murayama O, Lynch J, Miyazaki Y, Tanaka K, Takizawa T. Differentiation of rat adipose tissue-derived stem cells into neuron-like cells by valproic acid, a histone deacetylase inhibitor. Exp Anim 2015; 65:45-51. [PMID: 26411320 PMCID: PMC4783650 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.15-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) is a widely used antiepileptic drug, which has recently been reported
to modulate the neuronal differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) in
humans and dogs. However, controversy exists as to whether VPA really acts as an inducer
of neuronal differentiation of ASCs. The present study aimed to elucidate the effect of
VPA in neuronal differentiation of rat ASCs. One or three days of pretreatment with VPA (2
mM) followed by neuronal induction enhanced the ratio of immature neuron marker
βIII-tubulin-positive cells in a time-dependent manner, where the majority of cells also
had a positive signal for neurofilament medium polypeptide (NEFM), a mature neuron marker.
RT-PCR analysis revealed increases in the mRNA expression of microtubule-associated
protein 2 (MAP2) and NEFM mature neuron markers, even
without neuronal induction. Three-days pretreatment of VPA increased acetylation of
histone H3 of ASCs as revealed by immunofluorescence staining. Chromatin
immunoprecipitation assay also showed that the status of histone acetylation at H3K9
correlated with the gene expression of TUBB3 in ASCs by VPA. These
results indicate that VPA significantly promotes the differentiation of rat ASCs into
neuron-like cells through acetylation of histone H3, which suggests that VPA may serve as
a useful tool for producing transplantable cells for future applications in clinical
treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Okubo
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
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Hayashi D, Ueda S, Yamanoue M, Saito N, Ashida H, Shirai Y. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate activates diacylglycerol kinase alpha via a 67 kDa laminin receptor: A possibility of galloylated catechins as functional food to prevent and/or improve diabetic renal dysfunctions. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Crema MD, Englund M, Hayashi D. Imaging of non-osteochondral tissues in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2014; 22:1590-605. [PMID: 25278069 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to describe imaging techniques for evaluation of non-osteochondral structures such as the synovium, menisci in the knee, labrum in the hip, ligaments and muscles and to review the literature from recent clinical and epidemiological studies of OA. METHODS This is a non-systematic narrative review of published literature on imaging of non-osteochondral tissues in OA. PubMed and MEDLINE search for articles published up to 2014, using the keywords osteoarthritis, synovitis, meniscus, labrum, ligaments, plica, muscles, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), scintigraphy, and positron emission tomography (PET). RESULTS Published literature showed imaging of non-osteochondral tissues in OA relies primarily on MRI and ultrasound. The use of semiquantitative and quantitative imaging biomarkers of non-osteochondral tissues in clinical and epidemiological OA studies is reported. We highlight studies that have compared both imaging methodologies directly, and those that have established a relationship between imaging biomarkers and clinical outcomes. We provide recommendations as to which imaging protocols should be used to assess disease-specific changes regarding synovium, meniscus in the knee, labrum in the hip, and ligaments, and highlight potential pitfalls in their usage. CONCLUSION MRI and ultrasound are currently the most useful imaging modalities for evaluation of non-osteochondral tissues in OA. MRI evaluation of any tissue needs to be performed using appropriate MR pulse sequences. Ultrasound may be particularly useful for evaluation of small joints of the hand. Nuclear medicine and CT play a limited role in imaging of non-osteochondral tissues in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guermazi
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - F W Roemer
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M D Crema
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Hospital do CoraÇão (HCor) and Teleimagem, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M Englund
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D Hayashi
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Bridgeport Hospital, Yale University School of Medicine, Bridgeport, CT, USA
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Jarraya M, Hayashi D, Guermazi A, Kwoh CK, Hannon MJ, Moore CE, Jakicic JM, Green SM, Roemer FW. Susceptibility artifacts detected on 3T MRI of the knee: frequency, change over time and associations with radiographic findings: data from the joints on glucosamine study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2014; 22:1499-503. [PMID: 24799287 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2014.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of intraarticular susceptibility artifacts and to detect longitudinal changes in the artifacts, on 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee in a cohort of patients with knee pain, and to assess the association of susceptibility artifacts with radiographic intraarticular calcifications. DESIGN Three hundred and forty-six knees of 177 subjects aged 35-65 were included. 3T MRI was performed at baseline and at 6 months. Baseline radiographs were assessed for presence/absence of linear/punctate calcifications within the tibiofemoral joint (TFJ) space. Corresponding MRIs were assessed for susceptibility artifacts (i.e., linear/punctate hypointensities) in the TFJ space on coronal dual-echo steady-state (DESS) sequences. Kappa statistics were applied to determine agreement between findings on baseline DESS and radiography. Changes in artifacts over time were recorded. RESULTS In the medial compartment, 13 (4%) of the knees showed susceptibility artifacts at baseline. Six knees had persistent artifacts and six knees had incident artifacts at follow-up. Agreement between DESS and radiography was κ = 0.18 (-0.15, 0.51) in the medial compartment. Frequency of artifacts in the lateral compartment was low (2%). CONCLUSION Susceptibility artifacts detected on knee MRI are not frequent, and likely correspond to vacuum phenomena as they commonly change over time and are not associated with intraarticular calcifications. Radiologists should be aware of these artifacts as they can interfere with cartilage segmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jarraya
- Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, FGH Building 3rd Floor, 820 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - D Hayashi
- Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, FGH Building 3rd Floor, 820 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Radiology, Bridgeport Hospital, Yale University School of Medicine, 267 Grant Street, Bridgeport, CT 06610, USA
| | - A Guermazi
- Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, FGH Building 3rd Floor, 820 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - C K Kwoh
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Pittsburgh VA Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA
| | - M J Hannon
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - C E Moore
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas Woman's University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - J M Jakicic
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - S M Green
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - F W Roemer
- Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, FGH Building 3rd Floor, 820 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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Guermazi A, Eckstein F, Hayashi D, Roemer F, Wirth W, Yang T, Niu J, Sharma L, Nevitt M, Lewis C, Torner J, Felson D. THU0195 Semiquantitatively Assessed Bone Marrow Lesions, Cartilage Damage, Meniscal Damage and Extrusion PREDICT Quantitatively Measured Cartilage Thickness Loss in the Same Femorotibial Compartment: the Most Study. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kurohane Kaneko Y, Kobayashi Y, Motoki K, Nakata K, Miyagawa S, Yamamoto M, Hayashi D, Shirai Y, Sakane F, Ishikawa T. Depression of type I diacylglycerol kinases in pancreatic β-cells from male mice results in impaired insulin secretion. Endocrinology 2013; 154:4089-98. [PMID: 24035999 DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) catalyzes the conversion of diacylglycerol (DAG) to phosphatidic acid. This study investigated the expression and function of DGK in pancreatic β-cells. mRNA expression of type I DGK isoforms (α, β, γ) was detected in mouse pancreatic islets and the β-cell line MIN6. Protein expression of DGKα and DGKγ was also detected in mouse β-cells and MIN6 cells. The type I DGK inhibitor R59949 inhibited high K(+)- and glucose-induced insulin secretion in MIN6 cells. Moreover, single knockdown of DGKα or DGKγ by small interfering RNA slightly but significantly decreased glucose- and high K(+)-induced insulin secretions, and the double knockdown further decreased them to the levels comparable with those induced by R59949. R59949 and DiC8, a membrane permeable DAG analog, decreased intracellular Ca(2+) concentration elevated by glucose and high K(+) in MIN6 cells. Real-time imaging in MIN6 cells expressing green fluorescent protein-tagged DGKα or DGKγ showed that the DGK activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate rapidly induced translocation of DGKγ to the plasma membrane, whereas high K(+) slowly translocated DGKα and DGKγ to the plasma membrane. R59949 increased the DAG content in MIN6 cells when stimulated with high KCl, whereas it did not increase the DAG content but decreased the phosphatidic acid content when stimulated with high glucose. Finally, R59949 was confirmed to inhibit high K(+)-induced insulin secretion from mouse islets and glucose-induced insulin secretion from rat islets. These results suggest that DGKα and DGKγ are present in β-cells and that the depression of these DGKs causes a decrease in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration, thereby reducing insulin secretion.
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Jarraya M, Felson D, Hayashi D, Roemer F, Zhang Y, Niu J, Crema M, Englund M, Lynch J, Nevitt M, Torner J, Lewis C, Guermazi A. OP0029 Medial meniscal root tears are associated with medial meniscal extrusion and medial tibiofemoral cartilage damage – the most study. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.1712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Guermazi A, Roemer F, Hannon M, Boudreau R, Hunter D, Eckstein F, Hayashi D, Wang Z, Kwoh C. FRI0302 Worsening of HOFFA-synovitis and effusion-synovitis increase risk for total knee replacement. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.2759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Haba T, Kondo S, Hayashi D, Koyama S. Accuracy validation of incident photon fluence on DQE for various measurement conditions and X-ray units. Radiol Phys Technol 2013; 6:423-30. [PMID: 23649923 DOI: 10.1007/s12194-013-0215-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Detective quantum efficiency (DQE) is widely used as a comprehensive metric for X-ray image evaluation in digital X-ray units. The incident photon fluence per air kerma (SNR²(in)) is necessary for calculating the DQE. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) reports the SNR²(in) under conditions of standard radiation quality, but this SNR²(in) might not be accurate as calculated from the X-ray spectra emitted by an actual X-ray tube. In this study, we evaluated the error range of the SNR²(in) presented by the IEC62220-1 report. We measured the X-ray spectra emitted by an X-ray tube under conditions of standard radiation quality of RQA5. The spectral photon fluence at each energy bin was multiplied by the photon energy and the mass energy absorption coefficient of air; then the air kerma spectrum was derived. The air kerma spectrum was integrated over the whole photon energy range to yield the total air kerma. The total photon number was then divided by the total air kerma. This value is the SNR²(in). These calculations were performed for various measurement parameters and X-ray units. The percent difference between the calculated value and the standard value of RQA5 was up to 2.9%. The error range was not negligibly small. Therefore, it is better to use the new SNR²(in) of 30694 (1/(mm(2) μGy)) than the current [Formula: see text] of 30174 (1/(mm(2) μGy)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonobu Haba
- Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 1-1-20 Daiko-Minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, Japan.
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Hayashi D, Roemer FW, Guermazi A. Osteoarthritis year 2011 in review: imaging in OA--a radiologists' perspective. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2012; 20:207-14. [PMID: 22266236 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2011.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Revised: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
With major technological advances and application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to large longitudinal osteoarthritis (OA) studies the role of imaging has become increasingly important for OA research over the last years. Currently, radiography, MRI and ultrasound are the most established imaging tools applied in a research setting. MRI assessment of OA features can be morphologic, compositional and can be applied in non-loaded and loaded conditions. Morphologic assessment includes semiquantitative and quantitative analyses. Novel semiquantitative scoring methods for knee, hip and hand OA using MRI were introduced. A series of key reports were published this year, reviewing the importance of radiography and MRI as a research tool. Although radiography is insensitive for the detection of OA-related structural pathology when compared to MRI, it still has been widely used for subject inclusion in observational and interventional studies due also to a straight forward disease definition that was established more than 50 years ago. In an attempt to generate an MRI-based definition of structural disease, a Delphi exercise was performed to develop a testable MRI definition of structural OA. This presentation reviews publications related to imaging of OA, published in English between September 2010 and October 2011, excluding animal studies or in vitro data. This is not a systematic or comprehensive review and the selection of papers included is based on the expert opinions of the presenter, from a musculoskeletal radiologist's perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hayashi
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Crema MD, Roemer FW, Hayashi D, Guermazi A. Comment on: Bone marrow lesions in people with knee osteoarthritis predict progression of disease and joint replacement: a longitudinal study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2011; 50:996-7; author reply 997-9. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ker006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Hayashi D, Guermazi A, Crema MD, Roemer FW. Imaging in osteoarthritis: what have we learned and where are we going? Minerva Med 2011; 102:15-32. [PMID: 21317846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a widely prevalent disease of the whole joint including cartilage, bone and soft tissues. Increasing importance of imaging including assessment of all joint structures has been recognized recently. Conventional radiography is still the first and most commonly used imaging technique for evaluation of a patient with a known or suspected diagnosis of OA. However, limitations have been revealed by recent MRI-based knee OA studies. MRI plays a crucial role in understanding the natural history of the disease and in guiding future therapies due to its ability to image the knee as a whole organ and to directly and three-dimensionally assess cartilage morphology and composition. It is crucial to use the appropriate MR pulse sequences to assess various OA features, and thus support from experienced musculoskeletal radiologists should be sought for study design, image acquisition and interpretation. The aim of this article is to describe the roles and limitations of conventional radiography and MRI in imaging of OA, and also to give insight into the use of other modalities such as ultrasound, scintigraphy, computed tomography (CT) and CT arthrography in clinical practice and research in OA, particularly focusing on the assessment of knee OA in the tibiofemoral joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hayashi
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Roemer FW, Khrad H, Hayashi D, Jara H, Ozonoff A, Fotinos-Hoyer AK, Guermazi A. Volumetric and semiquantitative assessment of MRI-detected subchondral bone marrow lesions in knee osteoarthritis: a comparison of contrast-enhanced and non-enhanced imaging. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2010; 18:1062-6. [PMID: 20472082 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2010.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2010] [Revised: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/03/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aim was to compare volumetric and semi-quantitative (SQ) measurements of subchondral bone marrow lesions (BMLs) on non-fat-suppressed (FS) T1-weighted (w), T1-w FS contrast enhanced (CE) and proton density (PD)-w FS images in order to define which sequence depicts the lesions to their maximum extent and if T1-w FS CE images and PD-w FS images may be used interchangeably to assess BMLs in a volumetric or SQ fashion. DESIGN Thirty-two patients with clinical knee osteoarthritis (OA) were scanned on a standard 1.5 T MRI system. A total of 47 BMLs were identified and were manually segmented on all three sequences. BMLs were also assessed semiquantitatively using the Whole Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (WORMS). The volumetric and SQ results were compared across the three imaging sequences using paired t-tests. RESULTS Eighty-three percent of the lesions appeared largest on the PD-w FS sequence. Significant differences were observed for volumetric measurements between all three sequences (P < 0.001), however the mean volume difference between PD-w FS and T1-w FS CE (38%) was much smaller than for non-FS T1-w and PD-w FS/T1-w FS CE sequences (195% and 114%, respectively). Significant differences in WORMS scores were noted between PD-w FS and non-FS T1-w images and between T1-w FS CE and non-FS T1-w images (P < 0.001), but no significant difference was observed between PD-w FS and T1-w FS CE images. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the T1-w FS CE and PD-w FS sequences may be interchangeably used for quantitative volumetric and SQ assessment of BMLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F W Roemer
- Department of Radiology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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Hayashi D, Lee J, Devenney-Cakir B, Zaim S, Ounadjela S, Solal-Céligny P, Juweid M, Guermazi A. Follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Clin Radiol 2010; 65:408-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2010.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2009] [Revised: 01/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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38
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Suhara W, Koide H, Okuzawa T, Hayashi D, Hashimoto T, Kojo H. Cow's milk increases the activities of human nuclear receptors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and δ and retinoid X receptor α involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis, obesity, and inflammation. J Dairy Sci 2009; 92:4180-7. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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39
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Hayashi D, Tysome JR, Boyei E, Gluckman P, Barbaccia C. Sebaceous lymphadenoma of the parotid gland: report of two cases and review of the literature. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2007; 27:144-6. [PMID: 17883193 PMCID: PMC2640048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Sebaceous lymphadenoma is an unusual salivary gland neoplasm which is rarely correctly diagnosed pre-operatively in the parotid gland. Two cases of sebaceous lymphadenoma are presented in which, in common with most cases reported in the literature, the correct pre-operative diagnosis was not made. Sebaceous lymphadenoma rarely transforms into a malignant tumour. Fine needle aspiration cytology identifies a benign process in the majority of patients who receive appropriate treatment on this basis. Although an uncommon tumour, it should be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis of a solitary parotid mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hayashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham, Kent, UK
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40
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Kanae Y, Endoh D, Yamato O, Hayashi D, Matsunaga S, Ogawa H, Maede Y, Hayashi M. Nonsense mutation of feline β-hexosaminidase β-subunit (HEXB) gene causing Sandhoff disease in a family of Japanese domestic cats. Res Vet Sci 2007; 82:54-60. [PMID: 16872651 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2006.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2006] [Revised: 05/02/2006] [Accepted: 05/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
G(M2) gangliosidoses are inherited metabolic disorders and are caused by severely reduced enzymatic activity of lysosomal beta-hexosaminidase. In the present study, the open reading frame (ORF) of the HEXB gene in a family of Japanese domestic cats with G(M2) gangliosidosis variant 0 (Sandhoff disease) was determined. Two types of abnormal cDNA clones were obtained from the liver of an affected cat tissue. One showed a single nucleotide substitution from C to T at nucleotide position 667 of the HEXB ORF. In the deduced amino acid sequence, the codon of arginine was altered to a stop codon. The genotyping, using PCR-primer introduced restriction analysis confirmed that Sandhoff disease in this family is associated with this nonsense mutation. Discovery of the nonsense mutation will permit the confirmation of the clinical diagnosis of Sandhoff disease in conjugation with the already established enzyme-based test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kanae
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
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41
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Amaki T, Suzuki T, Nakamura F, Hayashi D, Imai Y, Morita H, Fukino K, Nojiri T, Kitano S, Hibi N, Yamazaki T, Nagai R. Circulating malondialdehyde modified LDL is a biochemical risk marker for coronary artery disease. Heart 2004; 90:1211-3. [PMID: 15367526 PMCID: PMC1768480 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2003.018226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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42
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Nakamura TKM, Hayashi D, Fujimoto M, Shinohara I. Decay of MHD-scale Kelvin-Helmholtz vortices mediated by parasitic electron dynamics. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:145001. [PMID: 15089547 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.145001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have simulated nonlinear development of MHD-scale Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) vortices by a two-dimensional two-fluid system including finite electron inertial effects. In the presence of moderate density jump across a shear layer, in striking contrast to MHD results, MHD KH vortices are found to decay by the time one eddy turnover is completed. The decay is mediated by smaller vortices that appear within the parent vortex and stays effective even when the shear layer width is made larger. It is shown that the smaller vortices are basically of MHD nature while the seeding for these is achieved by the electron inertial effect. Application of the results to the magnetotail boundary layer is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K M Nakamura
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
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43
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Nakahara C, Hayashi D, Kinugasa H, Horigome H, Matsui A, Takagi A, Kato N, Kobayashi M. Delayed onset of systemic lupus erythematosus in a child with endothelial tubuloreticular inclusion. Clin Nephrol 2001; 56:332-5. [PMID: 11680664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We report here on an 11-year-old Japanese girl who was found to have proteinuria by routine mass screening urinalysis for school children, and who developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 21 months later. The initial renal biopsy, performed 3 months after the first visit to Tokyo Medical University Kasumigaura Hospital (TMUKH), revealed membranous glomerulonephritis. In an immunofluorescent study, IgG was the only positive immunoglobulin found. A "full-house" immunofluorescence glomerulopathy, well known as a predictive finding for lupus nephritis, was not detected. Endothelial tubuloreticular inclusions (ETI) were found by electron microscopy. Because the diagnosis of SLE was not established clinically and serologically, the patient was followed every 3 months without drugs. Her urinary findings returned to normal within 18 months. Three months after the last visit, she was sent to Tsukuba University Hospital (TUH) for fever, arthralgia, dyspnea and butterfly rash. She was diagnosed as having SLE, pleuritis, and pericarditis. Although she was treated with methylpredonisolone and oral prednisolone, she developed cardiac tamponade on the 12th day of admission during the course of pneumococcal septicemia. Finally, she was treated successfully with surgical procedures, antibiotics and oral prednisolone and was discharged. We conclude that ETI is a more significant early sign of SLE than "full-house" immmunofluorescence glomerulopathy, especially in pediatric cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nakahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Tsukuba University Hospital, University of Tsukuba, Japan.
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44
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Gu Y, Zou Y, Aikawa R, Hayashi D, Kudoh S, Yamauchi T, Uozumi H, Zhu W, Kadowaki T, Yazaki Y, Komuro I. Growth hormone signalling and apoptosis in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Mol Cell Biochem 2001; 223:35-46. [PMID: 11681720 DOI: 10.1023/a:1017941625858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) has been reported to be useful to treat heart failure. To elucidate whether GH has direct beneficial effects on the heart, we examined effects of GH on oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in cardiac myocytes. TUNEL staining and DNA ladder analysis revealed that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes was significantly suppressed by the pretreatment with GH. GH strongly activated extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) in cardiac myocytes and the cardioprotective effect of GH was abolished by inhibition of ERKs. Overexpression of dominant negative mutant Ras suppressed GH-stimulated ERK activation. Overexpression of Csk that inactivates Src family tyrosine kinases also inhibited ERK activation evoked by GH. A broad-spectrum inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), genistein, strongly suppressed GH-induced ERK activation and the cardioprotective effect of GH against apoptotic cell death. GH induced tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF receptor and JAK2 in cardiac myocytes, and an EGF receptor inhibitor tyrphostin AG1478 and a JAK2 inhibitor tyrphostin B42 completely inhibited GH-induced ERK activation. Tyrphostin B42 also suppressed the phosphorylation of EGF receptor stimulated by GH. These findings suggest that GH has a direct protective effect on cardiac myocytes against apoptosis and that the effect of GH is attributed at least in part to the activation of ERKs through Ras and PTKs including JAK2, Src, and EGF receptor tyrosine kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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45
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Hayashi D, Hoeben W, Dooms G, van Veldhuizen E, Rutgers W, Kroesen G. Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy for phenol and intermediate products in aqueous solutions degraded by pulsed corona discharges above water. Appl Opt 2001; 40:986-993. [PMID: 18357083 DOI: 10.1364/ao.40.000986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy is introduced as an in situ diagnostic for phenol and intermediate products in an aqueous solution degraded by corona discharges. The complications that are inherent in applying LIF as a diagnostic for aqueous solutions are experimentally examined. The LIF intensities of phenol and the intermediate products are measured as a function of time. The absolute phenol concentration is determined. We confirm the applicability of LIF spectroscopy for monitoring phenol concentration during degradation.
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Shimoyama M, Hayashi D, Zou Y, Takimoto E, Mizukami M, Monzen K, Yazaki Y, Nagai R, Komuro I. [Calcineurin inhibitor attenuates the development and induces the regression of cardiac hypertrophy in rats with salt-sensitive hypertension]. J Cardiol 2001; 37:114-8. [PMID: 11255695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains unclear how hemodynamic overload induces cardiac hypertrophy. Recently, activation of calcium-dependent phosphatase, calcineurin, has been elucidated to induce cardiac hypertrophy. In the present study, we examined the role of calcineurin in load-induced cardiac hypertrophy by using Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) rats, which develop both pressure and volume overload when fed a high salt diet. METHODS AND RESULTS In the DS rat heart, the activity of calcineurin was increased and cardiac hypertrophy was induced by high salt diet. Treatment of DS rats with the calcineurin inhibitor FK506 (0.1 or 0.01 mg/kg every second day) from the age of 6 weeks to 12 weeks inhibited the activation of calcineurin in the heart in a dose-dependent manner and attenuated the development of load-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis without change of hemodynamic parameters. Additionally, treatment with 0.1 mg/kg every second day but not with 0.01 mg/kg every second day of FK506 from the age of 12 weeks to 16 weeks induced regression of cardiac hypertrophy in DS rats. Load-induced reprogramming of gene expression was also suppressed by the FK506 treatment. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that calcineurin is involved in the development of cardiac hypertrophy in rats with salt-sensitive hypertension and that inhibition of calcineurin could induce regression of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shimoyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo
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47
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Shimoyama M, Hayashi D, Zou Y, Takimoto E, Mizukami M, Monzen K, Kudoh S, Hiroi Y, Yazaki Y, Nagai R, Komuro I. Calcineurin inhibitor attenuates the development and induces the regression of cardiac hypertrophy in rats with salt-sensitive hypertension. Circulation 2000; 102:1996-2004. [PMID: 11034951 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.102.16.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains unclear how hemodynamic overload induces cardiac hypertrophy. Recently, activation of calcium-dependent phosphatase, calcineurin, has been elucidated to induce cardiac hypertrophy. In the present study, we examined the role of calcineurin in load-induced cardiac hypertrophy by using Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) rats, which develop both pressure and volume overload when fed a high salt diet. METHODS AND RESULTS In the DS rat heart, the activity of calcineurin was increased and cardiac hypertrophy was induced by high salt diet. Treatment of DS rats with the calcineurin inhibitor FK506 (0.1 or 0.01 mg/kg twice daily) from the age of 6 weeks to 12 weeks inhibited the activation of calcineurin in the heart in a dose-dependent manner and attenuated the development of load-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis without change of hemodynamic parameters. Additionally, treatment with 0.1 mg/kg twice daily but not with 0.01 mg/kg twice daily of FK506 from the age of 12 weeks to 16 weeks induced regression of cardiac hypertrophy in DS rats. Load-induced reprogramming of gene expression was also suppressed by the FK506 treatment. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that calcineurin is involved in the development of cardiac hypertrophy in rats with salt-sensitive hypertension and that inhibition of calcineurin could induce regression of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shimoyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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48
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Zhu W, Zou Y, Shiojima I, Kudoh S, Aikawa R, Hayashi D, Mizukami M, Toko H, Shibasaki F, Yazaki Y, Nagai R, Komuro I. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II and calcineurin play critical roles in endothelin-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:15239-45. [PMID: 10809760 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.20.15239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) induces cardiac hypertrophy. Because Ca(2+) is a major second messenger of ET-1, the role of Ca(2+) in ET-1-induced hypertrophic responses in cultured cardiac myocytes of neonatal rats was examined. ET-1 activated the promoter of the beta-type myosin heavy chain gene (beta-MHC) (-354 to +34 base pairs) by about 4-fold. This activation was inhibited by chelation of Ca(2+) and the blocking of protein kinase C activity. Similarly, the beta-MHC promoter was activated by Ca(2+) ionophores and a protein kinase C activator. beta-MHC promoter activation induced by ET-1 was suppressed by pretreatment with the calmodulin inhibitor, W7, the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) inhibitor, KN62, and the calcineurin inhibitor, cyclosporin A. beta-MHC promoter activation by ET-1 was also attenuated by overexpression of dominant-negative mutants of CaMKII and calcineurin. ET-1 increased the activity of CaMKII and calcineurin in cardiac myocytes. Pretreatment with KN62 and cyclosporin A strongly suppressed ET-1-induced increases in [(3)H]phenylalanine uptake and in cell size. These results suggest that Ca(2+) plays a critical role in ET-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by activating CaMKII- and calcineurin-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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49
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Takimoto E, Mizuno T, Terasaki F, Shimoyama M, Honda H, Shiojima I, Hiroi Y, Oka T, Hayashi D, Hirai H, Kudoh S, Toko H, Kawamura K, Nagai R, Yazaki Y, Komuro I. Up-regulation of natriuretic peptides in the ventricle of Csx/Nkx2-5 transgenic mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 270:1074-9. [PMID: 10772952 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.2561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A cardiac homeobox-containing gene Csx/Nkx2-5, which is essential for cardiac development, is abundantly expressed in the adult heart as well as in the heart primordia. Targeted disruption of this gene results in embryonic lethality due to abnormal heart morphogenesis. To elucidate the role of Csx/Nkx2-5 in the adult heart, we generated transgenic mice which overexpress human Csx/Nkx2-5. The transgene was expressed abundantly in the heart and the skeletal muscle. mRNA levels of several cardiac genes including natriuretic peptides, CARP, MLC2v, and endogenous Csx/Nkx2-5 were increased in the ventricle of the transgenic mice. Electron microscopic analysis revealed that the ventricular myocardium of the transgenic mice had many secretory granules, which disappeared after administration of vasopressin. These results suggest that Csx/Nkx2-5 regulates many cardiac genes and induces formation of secretory granules in the adult ventricle.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Takimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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50
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Noshima S, Morita N, Kobayashi Y, Hayashi D, Okamura K, Takahashi T, Kobayashi T, Enoki T, Esato K. Surgical stress and the development of complications in relation to polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase (PMNE) levels. Surg Today 2000; 27:135-9. [PMID: 9017990 DOI: 10.1007/bf02385902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the effects of surgical stress on changes in polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase (PMNE) levels, and to evaluate the relationship of these changes to the development of postoperative complication. A total of 69 patients who underwent alimentary surgery were subsequently divided into three groups: a complicated group, comprised of 25 patients; an uncomplicated group with a high blood loss (H) of more than 1000 ml, comprised of 18 patients; and an uncomplicated group with a low blood loss (L) of less than 1000 ml, comprised of 26 patients. The changes in the levels of PMNE, fibronectin (FN), and antithrombin III (AT III) were compared among these three groups. In the uncomplicated H and L groups the PMNE levels rose significantly on postoperative day (POD) 1. On POD 3, high levels of PMNE were still evident in the uncomplicated H group, but a decline was observed in the uncomplicated L group. From POD 7 onwards the levels decreased to the preoperative values in both uncomplicated groups; however, the complicated group continued to show high levels even on POD 14. Significantly decreased FN levels were observed for the first 3 PODs in each group. The uncomplicated H and L groups regained their preoperative levels on PODs 7 and 14, respectively, but no recovery was found in the complicated group. The AT III levels showed similar changes to the FN levels in all groups. These findings indicate that monitoring the PMNE levels could be a useful index for the early detection of postoperative complications following alimentary surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Noshima
- First Department of Surgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Nishi-ku, Ube, Japan
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