1
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Aksenov AV, Makieva DC, Arestov RA, Arutiunov NA, Aksenov DA, Aksenov NA, Leontiev AV, Aksenova IV. Metal-Free, PPA-Mediated Fisher Indole Synthesis via Tandem Hydroamination-Cyclization Reaction between Simple Alkynes and Arylhydrazines. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8750. [PMID: 39201437 PMCID: PMC11354626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
A new variant of Fisher indole synthesis involving Bronsted acid-catalyzed hydrohydrazination of unactivated terminal and internal acetylenes with arylhydrazines is reported. The use of polyphosphoric acid alone either as the reaction medium or in the presence of a co-solvent appears to provide the required balance for activating the C-C triple bond towards the nucleophilic attack of the hydrazine moiety without unrepairable reactivity loss of the latter due to competing amino group protonation. Additionally, the formal hydration of acetylenes to the corresponding ketones occurs under the same conditions, making it an alternative approach for generating carbonyl groups from alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355017 Stavropol, Russia (N.A.A.); (D.A.A.)
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2
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Aksenov NA, Arutiunov NA, Kurenkov IA, Malyuga VV, Aksenov DA, Momotova DS, Zatsepilina AM, Chukanova EA, Leontiev AV, Aksenov AV. A Two-Step Synthesis of Unprotected 3-Aminoindoles via Post Functionalization with Nitrostyrene. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093657. [PMID: 37175067 PMCID: PMC10180116 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel, low-cost method for the preparation of not easily accessible free 3-aminoindoles has been developed. This approach is based on a well-established reaction between indoles and nitrostyrene in the presence of phosphorous acid, which results in the formation of 4'-phenyl-4'H-spiro[indole-3,5'-isoxazoles]. The latter could be transformed to corresponding aminated indoles by reaction with hydrazine hydrate in good or excellent yields upon microwave-assisted heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai A Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355009 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Nikolai A Arutiunov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355009 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Igor A Kurenkov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355009 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Malyuga
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355009 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Dmitrii A Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355009 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Daria S Momotova
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355009 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Anna M Zatsepilina
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355009 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Elizaveta A Chukanova
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355009 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Alexander V Leontiev
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355009 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Alexander V Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355009 Stavropol, Russia
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3
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Xu Y, Fan H, Yang F, Xu S, Zhao X, Liao X, Zhang X. PPh 3-Mediated Cascade Reaction of 2-Alkynylnitrobenzenes and Thioureas for the Construction of Imidazo[4,5- b]indole-2-thiones. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 36800292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
A simple method for the preparation of imidazo[4,5-b]indole-2-thiones from 2-alkynylnitrobenzenes and thioureas is described. In the reaction, a Wittig-like process was triggered by PPh3 and followed by a cyclization step. The products were afforded in yields of 70-98% under mild conditions. Additionally, the 2-alkynylnitrobenzenes were stable and could be prepared via a simple coupling step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Fan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijie Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechun Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Liao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiang Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
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4
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Structure, conformations, vibrations and quantum chemical investigations of 2–(1H–indol–3–yl)–2–oxoacetic acid. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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5
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Setia Budi H, Fakri Mustafa Y, Al-Hamdani MM, Surendar A, Ramezani M. Synthesis of heterocycles from propargylamines. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.2001660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Setia Budi
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | | | - Aravindhan Surendar
- Department of Pharmacology, saveetha dental College and hospital, saveetha institute of medical and technical sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Mehdi Ramezani
- Factuality of science, Department of chemistry, Uremia University, Urmia, Iran
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6
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Hu X, Xie X, Gan Y, Wang G, Liu Y. Nickel-Catalyzed β-Regioselective Amination/Cyclization of Ynamide-Nitriles with Amines: Synthesis of Functionalized 3-Aminoindoles and 4-Aminoisoquinolines. Org Lett 2021; 23:1296-1301. [PMID: 33533626 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c04278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A highly regioselective nickel/Lewis acid catalyzed amination/cyclization of ynamide-nitriles with amines involving β-addition has been developed. The reaction offers an attractive and efficient route for the synthesis of 3-aminoindoles and 4-aminoisoquinoline derivatives. The Ts-group on the ynamide acts as a directing group to produce the alkenyl nickel species with high regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaonan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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7
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Hu X, Tan Z, Liu Z, Chen F, Jiang H, Zeng W. Rh(iii)-Catalyzed sulfonylamination of α-indolyl alcohols via Csp2–Csp3 bond cleavage. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01426e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A Rh(iii)-catalyzed beta-carbon amination of α-aryl alcohols with sulfonyl azides has been developed. This transformation features unstrained Csp2–Csp3 σ bond amination via C–C bond cleavage, and provides a direct approach to complex 2-aminoindoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Zheng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Fengjuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
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8
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Srinivas S, Neeraja P, Banothu V, Kumar Dubey P, Mukkanti K, Pal S. Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and
In silico
Studies of Compounds Based on Tryptophan‐Naproxen‐Triazole Hybrids. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suryapeta Srinivas
- Alembic Pharmaceuticals Ltd, 450 MN Park, Genome Valley, Turkapally Village, Shameerpet, Medchal Malkajgiri 500101 India
| | - Papigani Neeraja
- Department of Chemistry DVR College of Engineering & Technology, Kashipur (village), Sangareddy District Telangana 502285 India
| | | | | | - Khagga Mukkanti
- Center for Chemical Sciences and Technology, IST, JNTUH Hyderabad 500085 India
| | - Sarbani Pal
- Department of Chemistry MNR Degree & PG College, Kukatpally Hyderabad 500085 India
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9
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1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition reaction of indoles with tosyl azide, subsequent dehydroaromatization and ring-opening cascade: a computational study. Theor Chem Acc 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-020-02653-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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10
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Dmitriev V, Vedekhina T, Sapegin A, Krasavin M. Convenient Assembly of Privileged (Hetero)Arene‐Fused Benzo[1.4]oxazepines via Two Tandem S
N
Ar Events. Part 3 – (Hetero)arene‐Fused benzo[
f
]imidazo[1,2‐
d
][1,4]oxazepines. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Dmitriev
- Saint Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg 199034 Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Vedekhina
- Saint Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg 199034 Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Sapegin
- Saint Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg 199034 Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Saint Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg 199034 Russian Federation
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad 236016 Russian Federation
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11
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Suryapeta S, Papigani N, Banothu V, Dubey PK, Mukkanti K, Pal S. Synthesis, biological evaluation, and docking study of a series of 1,4‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazole derivatives with an indole‐triazole‐peptide conjugate. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Suryapeta
- Research and Development DepartmentAlembic Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Genome Valley, Shameerpet Hyderabad India
| | - Neeraja Papigani
- Department of ChemistryDVR College of Engineering & Technology Kashipur Village, Sangareddy District, Hyderabad India
| | | | | | - Khagga Mukkanti
- Center for Chemical Sciences and TechnologyIST JNTUH Hyderabad India
| | - Sarbani Pal
- Department of ChemistryMNR Degree & PG College Kukatpally, Hyderabad India
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12
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Bakholdina A, Lukin A, Bakulina O, Guranova N, Krasavin M. Dual use of propargylamine building blocks in the construction of polyheterocyclic scaffolds. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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13
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Arjunan V, Durgadevi G, Mohan S. An experimental and theoretical investigation on the structure, vibrations and reactivity properties of pharmacologically active compounds 3–acetylindole and indole–3–acetamide. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Zhou DG. DFT investigation on the mechanism of catalytic reaction between 3-diazoindolin-2-imines and N-ethylaniline catalyzed by Rh2(Oct)4. Chem Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2019.110661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Vedekhina T, Lukin A, Krasavin M. Unexpected outcome of the Zn(OTf)2-catalyzed arylhydrazination of alkanoyl propargylamines: Rapid entry into 1-(arylamino)imidazoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Zn(OTf)2-catalyzed arenehydrazination of protected propargylamines leading to 3-amidoindoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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17
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Zhang G, Lin L, Yang K, Wang S, Feng Q, Zhu J, Song Q. 3‐Aminoindole Synthesis from 2‐Nitrochalcones and Ammonia or Primary Amines. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guan Zhang
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering atHuaqiao University 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen Fujian 361021 People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yang
- College of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 People's Republic of China
| | - Shihui Wang
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering atHuaqiao University 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen Fujian 361021 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Feng
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering atHuaqiao University 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen Fujian 361021 People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuling Song
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering atHuaqiao University 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen Fujian 361021 People's Republic of China
- College of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 People's Republic of China
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18
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Diao PC, Hu MJ, Yang HK, You WW, Zhao PL. Facile one-pot synthesis, antiproliferative evaluation and structure-activity relationships of 3-amino-1H-indoles and 3-amino-1H-7-azaindoles. Bioorg Chem 2019; 88:102914. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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19
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Lukin A, Bakholdina A, Kryukova A, Sapegin A, Krasavin M. A three-component, Zn(OTf) 2-mediated entry into trisubstituted 2-aminoimidazoles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:1061-1064. [PMID: 31164943 PMCID: PMC6541334 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A three-component reaction involving in situ generation of propargylureas and subsequent Zn(OTf)2-mediated cyclocondensation with a primary amine yielded trisubstituted 2-aminoimidazoles. These findings are in contrast to the previously reported base-promoted unimolecular cyclization of propargylureas (leading to 2-imidazolones) and extend the range of Lewis acid-catalyzed azole syntheses based on N-carbonyl propargylamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Lukin
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA - Russian Technological University, Moscow 119571, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Bakholdina
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA - Russian Technological University, Moscow 119571, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Kryukova
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA - Russian Technological University, Moscow 119571, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Sapegin
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
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20
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Watanabe K, Moriyama K. Cu-Catalyzed Oxidative 3-Amination of Indoles via Formation of Indolyl(aryl)iodonium Imides Using o-Substituted (Diacetoxyiodo)arene as a High-Performance Hypervalent Iodine Compound. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24061147. [PMID: 30909483 PMCID: PMC6471596 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An oxidative 3-amination of indole derivatives using hypervalent iodine(III) and bissulfonimides, which proceeds via the formation of indolyl(aryl)iodonium imides, was developed. This reaction was followed by an indole-selective copper-catalyzed oxidative C–N coupling reaction to obtain 3-amino indole derivatives as single regioisomers. o-Alkoxy(diacetoxyiodo)arenes showed higher reactivity in the reaction than o-alkyl(diacetoxyiodo)arenes, efficiently promoting the formation of indolyl(aryl)iodonium imides in the first step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, and Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Katsuhiko Moriyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, and Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
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21
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Zn(OTf)2-catalyzed, microwave-promoted synthesis of 2-substituted 5-methyloxazoles from propargylic amides. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Leijendekker LH, Weweler J, Leuther TM, Kratzert D, Streuff J. Development, Scope, and Applications of Titanium(III)-Catalyzed Cyclizations to Aminated N-Heterocycles. Chemistry 2019; 25:3382-3390. [PMID: 30615817 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardus H. Leijendekker
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
| | - Jens Weweler
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
| | - Tobias M. Leuther
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
| | - Daniel Kratzert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
| | - Jan Streuff
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
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23
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Bugaenko DI, Karchava AV, Yurovskaya MA. Synthesis of indoles: recent advances. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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24
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Watanabe K, Moriyama K. Copper-Catalyzed Indole-Selective C-N Coupling Reaction of Indolyl(2-alkoxy-phenyl)iodonium Imides: Effect of Substituent on Iodoarene as Dummy Ligand. J Org Chem 2018; 83:14827-14833. [PMID: 30371085 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A monoalkoxy phenyl group as a dummy ligand on indolyl(aryl)iodonium imides, which is related to the N-I bonding hypervalent iodine(III) compound, for the copper-catalyzed indole-selective C-N coupling reaction was designed to provide 3-bissulfonimido-indole derivatives in high yields. In particular, the use of indolyl(2-butoxylphenyl)iodonium bissulfonimides indicated the high indole selectivity. Furthermore, this reaction was applied for the one-pot synthesis of 3-bissulfonimido-indole derivatives directly from indoles with bissulfonimides and (diacetoxyiodo)-2-butoxybenzene in the presence of Cu(MeCN)4BF4 catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, and Molecular Chirality Research Center , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Moriyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, and Molecular Chirality Research Center , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
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25
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Lauder K, Toscani A, Scalacci N, Castagnolo D. Synthesis and Reactivity of Propargylamines in Organic Chemistry. Chem Rev 2017; 117:14091-14200. [PMID: 29166000 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Propargylamines are a versatile class of compounds which find broad application in many fields of chemistry. This review aims to describe the different strategies developed so far for the synthesis of propargylamines and their derivatives as well as to highlight their reactivity and use as building blocks in the synthesis of chemically relevant organic compounds. In the first part of the review, the different synthetic approaches to synthesize propargylamines, such as A3 couplings and C-H functionalization of alkynes, have been described and organized on the basis of the catalysts employed in the syntheses. Both racemic and enantioselective approaches have been reported. In the second part, an overview of the transformations of propargylamines into heterocyclic compounds such as pyrroles, pyridines, thiazoles, and oxazoles, as well as other relevant organic derivatives, is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Lauder
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London , Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Anita Toscani
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London , Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolò Scalacci
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London , Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Daniele Castagnolo
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London , Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
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26
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Ortiz GX, Hemric BN, Wang Q. Direct and Selective 3-Amidation of Indoles Using Electrophilic N-[(Benzenesulfonyl)oxy]amides. Org Lett 2017; 19:1314-1317. [PMID: 28281340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Selective C-H amidation of 1H-indoles at the C3 position is reported as a direct entry to biologically important 3-aminoindoles. This transformation is achieved using novel N-[(benzenesulfonyl)oxy]amides as electrophilic nitrogen agents in the presence of ZnCl2. Interestingly, analogous reactions in the absence of ZnCl2 resulted in the formation of indole aminal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo X Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Brett N Hemric
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Qiu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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27
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Zhou DG, Zhou PP, Jing HW. Mechanisms of cascade reactions between N-methylindole and sulfonylazides via Huisgen cycloaddition: A theoretical investigation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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28
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Hu Z, Tong X, Liu G. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Cascade Cyclization/Electrophilic Amidation for the Synthesis of 3-Amidoindoles and 3-Amidofurans. Org Lett 2016; 18:2058-61. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Hu
- Key
Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tong
- Key
Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Guixia Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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29
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Lukin A, Vedekhina T, Tovpeko D, Zhurilo N, Krasavin M. Zn-catalyzed hydrohydrazination of propargylamides with BocNHNH2: a novel entry into the 1,2,4-triazine core. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12664b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrohydrazination of propargylamides with BocNHNH2 under Zn(OTf)2 catalysis gave dihydro-1,2,4-triazines which can be efficiently aromatized in situ with K3[Fe(CN)6]. This provides a new entry into the medicinally important 1,2,4-triazine core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Lukin
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Tehnologies
- Moscow Technological University
- Moscow
- 117571 Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Vedekhina
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Tehnologies
- Moscow Technological University
- Moscow
- 117571 Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Tovpeko
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Tehnologies
- Moscow Technological University
- Moscow
- 117571 Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay Zhurilo
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Tehnologies
- Moscow Technological University
- Moscow
- 117571 Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Saint Petersburg State University
- Saint Petersburg
- 199034 Russian Federation
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30
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Sheng G, Huang K, Chi Z, Ding H, Xing Y, Lu P, Wang Y. Preparation of 3-Diazoindolin-2-imines via Cascade Reaction between Indoles and Sulfonylazides and Their Extensions to 2,3-Diaminoindoles and Imidazo[4,5-b]indoles. Org Lett 2014; 16:5096-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol502423k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guorong Sheng
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Chi
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Hualong Ding
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yanpeng Xing
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Ping Lu
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yanguang Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
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31
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32
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Miyata O, Ueda M, Ito Y, Matsuda N, Nishida Y. Sequential Radical Addition and Fischer-Type Indolization Reactions of Conjugated Hydrazones for the Preparation of α-Alkylindole-3-acetic Acids. HETEROCYCLES 2014. [DOI: 10.3987/com-14-12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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33
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Saito T, Sonoki Y, Otani T, Kutsumura N. Triflic acid-promoted cycloisomerization of 2-alkynylphenyl isothiocyanates and isocyanates: a novel synthetic method for a variety of indole derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:8398-407. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00825a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A unique method for synthesis of structurally diverse types of indoles involving a triflic acid-promoted cycloisomerization and a Wagner–Meerwein-type rearrangement is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Saito
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Tokyo University of Science
- Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Sonoki
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Tokyo University of Science
- Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Takashi Otani
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Tokyo University of Science
- Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Noriki Kutsumura
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Tokyo University of Science
- Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS)
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34
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Sharif M, Pews-Davtyan A, Lukas J, Schranck J, Langer P, Rolfs A, Beller M. Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Transformations of Bromhexine into Bioactive Compounds as Glucocerebrosidase Inhibitors. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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35
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Fukumoto Y, Ohmae A, Hirano M, Chatani N. Rhodium-Catalyzed Anti-Markovnikov Hydrohydrazination of Terminal Alkynes withN-Alkyl- andN,N-Dialkylhydrazines. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201300188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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36
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Xu M, Xu K, Wang S, Yao ZJ. Assembly of indolo[1,2-c]quinazolines using ZnBr2-promoted domino hydroamination–cyclization. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.06.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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37
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38
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Eisenlöffel C, Schmöle AC, Pews-Davtyan A, Brennführer A, Kuznetsov SA, Hübner R, Frech S, Schult C, Junghanss C, Beller M, Rolfs A, Frech MJ. Interference of a novel indolylmaleimide with microtubules induces mitotic arrest and apoptosis in human progenitor and cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2012; 85:763-71. [PMID: 23274302 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Indolylmaleimides display a broad spectrum of biological activity and offer great opportunity to influence several aspects of cell fate, as proliferation and differentiation. In this study we describe the effect of PDA-66, a newly synthesised indolylmaleimide, showing a strong dose dependent anti-proliferative effect on immortalised human progenitor and cancer cells. We demonstrated a highly depolymerizing effect on in vitro tubulin assembly and conclude that PDA-66 acts as microtubule destabilising agent. In addition we found that PDA-66 induces mitotic arrest of cells in the G₂/M phase of the cell cycle. Subsequently cells undergo apoptosis, indicating the major mechanism of the anti-proliferative effect. To prove a potential anti-cancer activity of PDA-66 we examined the effect of PDA-66 on human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma and A-459 lung cancer cells, showing a significant reduction in cancer cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner. Thus PDA-66 is a new anti-mitotic compound with an indole-core with the potential to be used for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Eisenlöffel
- Albrecht-Kossel-Institute for Neuroregeneration, Center for Mental Health, University of Rostock, Germany.
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39
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Yao B, Wang Q, Zhu J. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Diamination of Alkynes under Aerobic Oxidative Conditions: Catalytic Turnover of an Iodide Ion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:5170-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201201640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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40
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Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Diamination of Alkynes under Aerobic Oxidative Conditions: Catalytic Turnover of an Iodide Ion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201201640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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41
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Neue B, Reiermann R, Gerdes K, Fröhlich R, Wibbeling B, Würthwein EU. Ring closure reactions of 2,6-diazaheptatrienyl metal compounds: synthesis of 3-aminoindole derivatives and 14-membered macrocyclic dimers. J Org Chem 2011; 76:8794-806. [PMID: 21988327 DOI: 10.1021/jo201521v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
2,6-Diazaheptatrienyl metal compounds 6(-)K(+) are easily accessible from the corresponding diimines 6 by deprotonation using KO-t-Bu as base. According to quantum chemical calculations, they are, in comparison to other isomeric species with nitrogen atoms in other positions, highly reactive intermediates, which undergo in dilute solution at 50 °C ring closure reactions to form 3-aminoindole derivatives 8/10. In contrast, in more concentrated solution at room temperature, the formation of 14-membered macrocyclces 13 as a result of formal dimerization is observed. The 3-aminoindole derivatives obtained in this work possess rare substitution patterns, and the macrocyclic compounds are essentially unknown. Two-fold vinylogous derivatives 7 give rise to tricyclic systems with δ-carboline backbone 12. The experimental results are interpreted using high-level DFT calculations with regard to the possible reaction mechanism and the nature of the transition state of the five-membered ring formation. The molecular structures in the solid state of all types of compounds were elucidated by X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Neue
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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42
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Çelebi-Ölçüm N, Boal BW, Huters AD, Garg NK, Houk KN. Why do some Fischer indolizations fail? J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:5752-5. [PMID: 21443189 DOI: 10.1021/ja201035b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of the Fischer indole synthesis and competing cleavage pathways were explored with SCS-MP2/6-31G(d) and aqueous solvation calculations. Electron-donating substituents divert the reaction pathway to heterolytic N-N bond cleavage and preclude the acid-promoted [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihan Çelebi-Ölçüm
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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43
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Pews-Davtyan A, Beller M. Efficient and simple zinc-mediated synthesis of 3-amidoindoles. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:6331-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05576c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Alkyne hydroamination triggered cyclizations: A powerful tool for the construction of biologically important structural motifs. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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45
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Gruit M, Pews-Davtyan A, Beller M. Platinum-catalyzed cyclization reaction of alkynes: synthesis of azepino[3,4-b]indol-1-ones. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:1148-59. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00728e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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46
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Russel JS, Pelkey ET, Greger JG. Five-Membered Ring Systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-096805-6.00006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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47
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Pews-Davtyan A, Beller M. A novel Zn-catalyzed hydroamination of propargylamides: a general synthesis of di- and tri-substituted imidazoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:2152-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc04625f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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48
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Benkovics T, Guzei IA, Yoon TP. Oxaziridine-mediated oxyamination of indoles: an approach to 3-aminoindoles and enantiomerically enriched 3-aminopyrroloindolines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:9153-7. [PMID: 20967810 PMCID: PMC3047499 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201004635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Benkovics
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Ilia A. Guzei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Tehshik P. Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706
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49
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Ortinau S, Schmich J, Block S, Liedmann A, Jonas L, Weiss DG, Helm CA, Rolfs A, Frech MJ. Effect of 3D-scaffold formation on differentiation and survival in human neural progenitor cells. Biomed Eng Online 2010; 9:70. [PMID: 21070668 PMCID: PMC2996398 DOI: 10.1186/1475-925x-9-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2009] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 3D-scaffolds have been shown to direct cell growth and differentiation in many different cell types, with the formation and functionalisation of the 3D-microenviroment being important in determining the fate of the embedded cells. Here we used a hydrogel-based scaffold to investigate the influences of matrix concentration and functionalisation with laminin on the formation of the scaffolds, and the effect of these scaffolds on human neural progenitor cells cultured within them. METHODS In this study we used different concentrations of the hydrogel-based matrix PuraMatrix. In some experiments we functionalised the matrix with laminin I. The impact of concentration and treatment with laminin on the formation of the scaffold was examined with atomic force microscopy. Cells from a human fetal neural progenitor cell line were cultured in the different matrices, as well as in a 2D culture system, and were subsequently analysed with antibody stainings against neuronal markers. In parallel, the survival rate of the cells was determined by a live/dead assay. RESULTS Atomic force microscopy measurements demonstrated that the matrices are formed by networks of isolated PuraMatrix fibres and aggregates of fibres. An increase of the hydrogel concentration led to a decrease in the mesh size of the scaffolds and functionalisation with laminin promoted aggregation of the fibres (bundle formation), which further reduces the density of isolated fibres. We showed that laminin-functionalisation is essential for human neural progenitor cells to build up 3D-growth patterns, and that proliferation of the cells is also affected by the concentration of matrix. In addition we found that 3D-cultures enhanced neuronal differentiation and the survival rate of the cells compared to 2D-cultures. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, we have demonstrated a direct influence of the 3D-scaffold formation on the survival and neuronal differentiation of human neural progenitor cells. These findings emphasize the importance of optimizing 3D-scaffolds protocols prior to in vivo engraftment of stem and progenitor cells in the context of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Ortinau
- Albrecht-Kossel-Institute for Neuroregeneration, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimerstrasse 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany
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50
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Patil NT, Konala A. Mechanistic Dichotomy with Alkynes in the Formal Hydrohydrazination/Fischer Indolization Tandem Reaction Catalyzed by a Ph3PAuNTf2/pTSA Binary System. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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