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Liu X, Zhu Z. Synthesis and Catalytic Applications of Advanced Sn- and Zr-Zeolites Materials. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2306533. [PMID: 38148424 PMCID: PMC10953593 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of isolated Sn (IV) and Zr (IV) ions into silica frameworks is attracting widespread attention, which exhibits remarkable catalytic performance (conversion, selectivity, and stability) in a broad range of reactions, especially in the field of biomass catalytic conversion. As a representative example, the conversion route of carbohydrates into valuable platform and commodity chemicals such as lactic acid and alkyl lactates, has already been established. The zeotype materials also possess water-tolerant ability and are capable to be served as promising heterogeneous catalysts for aqueous reactions. Therefore, dozens of Sn- and Zr-containing silica materials with various channel systems have been prepared successfully in the past decades, containing 8 membered rings (MR) small pore CHA zeolite, 10-MR medium pore zeolites (FER, MCM-56, MEL, MFI, MWW), 12-MR large pore zeolites (Beta, BEC, FAU, MOR, MSE, MTW), and 14-MR extra-large pore UTL zeolite. This review about Sn- and Zr-containing metallosilicate materials focuses on their synthesis strategy, catalytic applications for diverse reactions, and the effect of zeolite characteristics on their catalytic performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liu
- Department of ChemistryCollege of ScienceHebei Agricultural UniversityLingyusi Road 289Baoding071001P. R. China
| | - Zhiguo Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringYantai UniversityQingquan Road 30Yantai264005P. R. China
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2
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Raju S, Ghosh P, Nayani K, Prashanth J, Sridhar B, Mainkar PS, Chandrasekhar S. Construction of Octahydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]pyridin-6-one Skeletons using Pot, Atom, and Step Economy (PASE) Synthesis. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301058. [PMID: 37337465 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Cascade aza-Piancatelli reaction and [3+3]/[4+2] cycloaddition reactions are carried out using the ideality principles of pot, atom, and step economy (PASE) synthesis. The reaction resulted in generation of octahydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]pyridin-6-one scaffolds. Moreover, octahydro-5,7a-epoxycyclopenta[cd]isoindol-4-one frameworks of gracilamine alkaloid and a novel decahydro-1H-dicyclopenta[cd,hi]isoindol-6-one were also realized in good yields with excellent regio- and diastereo-selectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silver Raju
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Palash Ghosh
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Kiranmai Nayani
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Jupally Prashanth
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Centre for X-ray Crystallography, Department of Analytical & Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Balasubramanian Sridhar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Centre for X-ray Crystallography, Department of Analytical & Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Prathama S Mainkar
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Srivari Chandrasekhar
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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3
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Zhang K, Ho KP, Chatterjee A, Park G, Li Z, Catalano JG, Parker KM. RNA Hydrolysis at Mineral-Water Interfaces. Environ Sci Technol 2023. [PMID: 37216349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c01407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
As an essential biomolecule for life, RNA is ubiquitous across environmental systems where it plays a central role in biogeochemical processes and emerging technologies. The persistence of RNA in soils and sediments is thought to be limited by enzymatic or microbial degradation, which occurs on timescales that are orders of magnitude faster than known abiotic pathways. Herein, we unveil a previously unreported abiotic pathway by which RNA rapidly hydrolyzes on the timescale of hours upon adsorption to iron (oxyhydr)oxide minerals such as goethite (α-FeOOH). The hydrolysis products were consistent with iron present in the minerals acting as a Lewis acid to accelerate sequence-independent hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds comprising the RNA backbone. In contrast to acid- or base-catalyzed RNA hydrolysis in solution, mineral-catalyzed hydrolysis was fastest at circumneutral pH, which allowed for both sufficient RNA adsorption and hydroxide concentration. In addition to goethite, we observed that RNA hydrolysis was also catalyzed by hematite (α-Fe2O3) but not by aluminum-containing minerals (e.g., montmorillonite). Given the extensive adsorption of nucleic acids to environmental surfaces, we anticipate previously overlooked mineral-catalyzed hydrolysis of RNA may be prevalent particularly in iron-rich soils and sediments, which must be considered across biogeochemical applications of nucleic acid analysis in environmental systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Kun-Pu Ho
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Anamika Chatterjee
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Grace Park
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Zhiyao Li
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Jeffrey G Catalano
- Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Kimberly M Parker
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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4
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Cannalire R, Russo C, Luciano P, Cerra B, Gioiello A, Brunelli F, Tron GC, Giustiniano M. Domino synthesis of 5-aminoimidazoles from Strecker multicomponent adducts via ytterbium-promoted isocyanide insertion/5-exo-dig cyclization. Mol Divers 2023; 27:511-5. [PMID: 35416620 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10418-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A new Lewis acid promoted domino isocyanide insertion/5-exo-dig cyclization of readily available Strecker 3-component adducts to 4-substituted 5-aminoimidazole derivatives is herein reported. Despite their potential as relevant heterocyclic scaffolds in medicinal chemistry programs, this class of compounds is still underrepresented, with current synthetic strategies poorly efficient in terms of timing and yields. To this end, we show how the exploitation of unconventional reactivities of isocyanides, promoted by ytterbium-triflate, could represent a key resource to enable a fast and easy access to such an unexplored area of the chemical space.
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Sergeev PG, Novikov RA, Tomilov YV. Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Formal (4+2)-Cycloaddition between Cross-Conjugated Azatrienes and Styrylmalonates: The Way to Functionalized Quinolizidine Precursors. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010088. [PMID: 36615287 PMCID: PMC9822494 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Quinolizidine and azaphenalene alkaloids are common in nature and exhibit a pharmaceutical activity, which stirs up increased interest in expanding the range of methods for the synthesis of the corresponding derivatives. In this work, we attempted to adapt our previously presented method for the synthesis of tetrahydropyridines to the preparation of potential precursors for these heterocycles as a separate development of a necessary intermediate stage. To this end, we studied the reactions of β-styrylmalonates with N-protected cross-conjugated azatrienes in the presence of Sn(OTf)2. Moreover, the regioselectivity of the process involving unsymmetrically substituted azatrienes was estimated. The diene character of vinyltetrahydropyridines was studied in detail with the participation of PTAD. Finally, for the Ts-protected highly functionalized vinyltetrahydropyridines synthesized, a detosylation method to give new desired azadiene structures as precursors of the quinolizidine core was suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roman A. Novikov
- Correspondence: (R.A.N.); (Y.V.T.); Tel.: +7-(919)-727-5362 (R.A.N.); Fax: +7-(495)-135-6390 (Y.V.T.)
| | - Yury V. Tomilov
- Correspondence: (R.A.N.); (Y.V.T.); Tel.: +7-(919)-727-5362 (R.A.N.); Fax: +7-(495)-135-6390 (Y.V.T.)
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Salgado ARM, Galvis CEP, Kouznetsov VV, Meléndez CM. Synthesis of endo-fused 5-unsubstituted Hexahydro-2H-pyrano[3,2-c]quinolinesvia Sequential Sc(OTf) 3-catalyzed Cationic Imino-Diels-Alder Reaction/N-debenzylation using N-benzylanilines, 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran and Paraformaldehyde under MW Irradiation. Curr Org Synth 2021; 18:431-442. [PMID: 33441074 DOI: 10.2174/1570179418666210113160949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hexahydro-2H-pyrano[3,2-c]quinolines are known to have antibacterial, antifungal, and antitumor properties. Great efforts have been made to develop new synthetic methods that lead to the synthesis of valuable libraries. Extensive methodologies, low yields, excessive amounts of catalyst and expensive reactants are some of the limitations of current methodologies. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE Developing a useful and efficient method to construct diversely substituted hexahydro-2Hpyrano[ 3,2-c]quinolines into good to excellent yields through a cationic imino-Diels-Alder/N-debenzylation methodology. METHOD The cationic imino-Diels-Alder/N-debenzylation methodology was used for the preparation of substituted hexahydro-2H-pyrano[3,2-c]quinolines. It involves the use of Sc(OTf)3 for activation of cationic imino- Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction of N-benzylanilines, 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran and paraformaldehyde in MeCN; and microwave irradiation to shorten reaction time to afford new 6-benzyl-hexahydro-2H-pyrano[3,2- c]quinolines whose catalytic transfer debenzylation reactions with HCO2NH4 in the presence of Pd/C (10%) and methanol give the new 5-unsubstituted pyrano[3,2-c]quinolines in excellent yields. RESULTS We found that optimal conditions for the preparation of hexahydro-2H-pyrano[3,2-c]quinolines were Sc(OTf)3 0.5 % and acetonitrile at 160°C for 15 min; and using paraformaldehyde obtained the 6-benzylhexahydro- 2H-pyrano [3,2-c]quinolines with excellent yields, while the N-debenzylation process using ammonium formate in the presence of Pd/C and methanol resulted in the synthesis of hexahydro-2H-pyrano [3,2-c] quinolines with quantitative yields (95-98%). CONCLUSION We describe an efficient method to synthesize hexahydro-2H-pyrano[3,2-c]quinolines via the cationic imino-Diels-Alder/N-debenzylation methodology using Sc(OTf)3 0.5 % as Lewis Acid catalyst. Excellent yields of the products, use of MW irradiation, short times of reactions, and an efficient and highly diversified method are some of the main advantages of this new protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo R M Salgado
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Atlantic University, Barranquilla 080020, Colombia
| | - Carlos E P Galvis
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Industrial University of Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Vladimir V Kouznetsov
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Industrial University of Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Carlos Mario Meléndez
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Atlantic University, Barranquilla 080020, Colombia
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7
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Abstract
The Lewis acid(LA)-catalyzed Diels-Alder reaction between isoprene and methyl acrylate was investigated quantum chemically using a combined density functional theory and coupled-cluster theory approach. Computed activation energies systematically decrease as the strength of the LA increases along the series I2
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Vermeeren
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Trevor A. Hamlin
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040MadridSpain
| | - F. Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM)Radboud UniversityHeyendaalseweg 1356525AJNijmegenThe Netherlands
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8
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Wonner P, Steinke T, Vogel L, Huber SM. Carbonyl Activation by Selenium- and Tellurium-Based Chalcogen Bonding in a Michael Addition Reaction. Chemistry 2020; 26:1258-1262. [PMID: 31729084 PMCID: PMC7027547 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the last years the use of chalcogen bonding—the noncovalent interaction involving electrophilic chalcogen centers—in noncovalent organocatalysis has received increased interest, particularly regarding the use of intermolecular Lewis acids. Herein, we present the first use of tellurium‐based catalysts for the activation of a carbonyl compound (and only the second such activation by chalcogen bonding in general). As benchmark reaction, the Michael‐type addition between trans‐crotonophenone and 1‐methylindole (and its derivatives) was investigated in the presence of various catalyst candidates. Whereas non‐chalcogen‐bonding reference compounds were inactive, strong rate accelerations of up to 1000 could be achieved by bidentate triazolium‐based chalcogen bond donors, with product yields of >90 % within 2 h of reaction time. Organotellurium derivatives were markedly more active than their selenium and sulphur analogues and non‐coordinating counterions like BArF4 provide the strongest dicationic catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Wonner
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tim Steinke
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lukas Vogel
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stefan M Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
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Tripodi GL, Correra TC, Angolini CFF, Ferreira BRV, Maître P, Eberlin MN, Roithová J. The Intermediates in Lewis Acid Catalysis with Lanthanide Triflates. European J Org Chem 2019; 2019:3560-3566. [PMID: 31680777 PMCID: PMC6813638 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide triflates are effective Lewis acid catalysts in reactions involving carbonyl compounds due to their high oxophilicity and water stability. Despite the growing interest, the identity of the catalytic species formed in lanthanide catalysed reactions is still unknown. We have therefore used mass spectrometry and ion spectroscopy to intercept and characterize the intermediates in a reaction catalysed by ytterbium and dysprosium triflates. We were able to identify a number of lanthanide intermediates formed in a simple condensation reaction between a C‐acid and an aldehyde. Results show correlation between the reactivity of lanthanide complexes and their charge state and suggest that the triply charged complexes play a key role in lanthanide catalysed reactions. Spectroscopic data of the gaseous ions accompanied by theoretical calculations reveal that the difference between catalytic efficiencies of ytterbium and dysprosium ions can be explained by their different electrophilicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme L Tripodi
- Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Thiago C Correra
- Departament of Organic Chemistry Institute of Chemistry University of São Paulo 05508-000 São Paulo-SP Brazil
| | - Célio F F Angolini
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences Federal University of ABC (UFABC) 09210-580 Santo André -SP Brazil
| | - Bruno R V Ferreira
- Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais Campus Salinas 39560-000 Salinas-MG Brazil
| | - Philippe Maître
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, URM8000, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud Université Paris-Saclay 91405 Orsay France
| | - Marcos N Eberlin
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry State University of Campinas 13084-971 Campinas-SP Brazil.,School of Engeneering Mackenzie Presbiterian University 01302907 São Paulo-SP Brazil
| | - Jana Roithová
- Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
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10
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Lukin A, Bakholdina A, Kryukova A, Sapegin A, Krasavin M. A three-component, Zn(OTf) 2-mediated entry into trisubstituted 2-aminoimidazoles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:1061-1064. [PMID: 31164943 PMCID: PMC6541334 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A three-component reaction involving in situ generation of propargylureas and subsequent Zn(OTf)2-mediated cyclocondensation with a primary amine yielded trisubstituted 2-aminoimidazoles. These findings are in contrast to the previously reported base-promoted unimolecular cyclization of propargylureas (leading to 2-imidazolones) and extend the range of Lewis acid-catalyzed azole syntheses based on N-carbonyl propargylamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Lukin
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA - Russian Technological University, Moscow 119571, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Bakholdina
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA - Russian Technological University, Moscow 119571, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Kryukova
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA - Russian Technological University, Moscow 119571, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Sapegin
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
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Abstract
Catalytic carbonyl-olefin metathesis reactions enable direct carbon-carbon bond formation between carbonyl and olefin substrates relying on carbonyl-activation with a suitable Lewis acid. Based on this reaction design principle, efficient protocols for intermolecular carbonyl-olefin metathesis, as well as ring-closing and ring-opening carbonyl-olefin metathesis have been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul S. Riehl
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, US
| | - Corinna S. Schindler
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, US
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12
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Groso EJ, Schindler CS. Recent advances in the application of ring-closing metathesis for the synthesis of unsaturated nitrogen heterocycles. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2019; 51:1100-1114. [PMID: 31983781 PMCID: PMC6983305 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1611651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This short review summarizes recent advances relating to the application of ring-closing olefin-olefin and carbonyl-olefin metathesis reactions towards the synthesis of unsaturated five- and six-membered nitrogen heterocycles. These developments include catalyst modifications and reaction designs that will enable access to more complex nitrogen heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia J. Groso
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Corinna S. Schindler
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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13
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Hirunsit P, Toyao T, Siddiki SMAH, Shimizu K, Ehara M. Origin of Nb 2 O 5 Lewis Acid Catalysis for Activation of Carboxylic Acids in the Presence of a Hard Base. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2848-2857. [PMID: 30109916 PMCID: PMC6282532 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The Nb2 O5 surface catalyzes the amidation of carboxylic acids with amines through Nb5+ Lewis acid activation of the C=O group. In this work, DFT calculations were applied to theoretically investigate the C=O bond activation of a model carboxylic acid (acetic acid) on θ-Al2 O3 (110), anatase TiO2 (101), and T-Nb2 O5 (100) surfaces. The adsorption sites, adsorption energies, reaction energy barriers, electronic properties, and vibrational frequency of acetic acid were examined in detail. It was found that the bond activation of the carbonyl group is most efficient on Nb2 O5 , although the adsorption energy is larger on Al2 O3 and TiO2 . The most efficient C=O bond activation on Nb2 O5 results in the lowest energy barrier of C-N bond formation during amidation. The Nb2 O5 surface also shows larger tolerance to methylamine and water molecules than Al2 O3 and TiO2 surfaces. These crucial factors contribute to the highest amidation catalytic reactivity on Nb2 O5 . Furthermore, the position of the mean density of states of the d-conduction band of the active metal site relative to the Fermi energy level correlates well with the efficiency in the C=O bond activation and, consequently, the catalytic activity for amidation. These results suggest that, unlike a classical understanding of strong acid sites of metal oxide surfaces, interaction of a carbonyl HOMO with an unoccupied metal d-orbital, or, in other words, covalent-like interaction between a carbonyl group and metal adsorption site, is relevant to the present system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pussana Hirunsit
- National Nanotechnology CenterNational Science and Technology Development Agency111 Thailand Science ParkPathum Thani12120Thailand
| | - Takashi Toyao
- Institute for CatalysisHokkaido UniversityKita 21 Nishi 10Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido001-0021Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB)Kyoto UniversityKyoto615-8520Japan
| | - S. M. A. Hakim Siddiki
- Institute for CatalysisHokkaido UniversityKita 21 Nishi 10Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido001-0021Japan
| | - Kenichi Shimizu
- Institute for CatalysisHokkaido UniversityKita 21 Nishi 10Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido001-0021Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB)Kyoto UniversityKyoto615-8520Japan
| | - Masahiro Ehara
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB)Kyoto UniversityKyoto615-8520Japan
- Institute for Molecular ScienceNishigo-naka 38Myodai-ji, Okazaki, Aichi444-8585Japan
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14
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Modak A, Bhanja P, Bhaumik A. Microporous Nanotubes and Nanospheres with Iron-Catechol Sites: Efficient Lewis Acid Catalyst and Support for Ag Nanoparticles in CO 2 Fixation Reaction. Chemistry 2018; 24:14189-14197. [PMID: 29979469 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
FeIII -containing hyper-crosslinked microporous nanotubes (FeNTs) and nanospheres (FeNSs) are synthesized through the reaction of catechol and dimethoxymethane in the presence of FeCl3 or CF3 SO3 H. Both FeNTs and FeNSs demonstrate excellent catalytic activity in Lewis acid catalysis (hydrolysis and regioselective methanolysis of styrene oxide) and tandem catalysis involving a sequential oxidation-cyclization process, which selectively converts benzyl alcohol to 2-phenyl benzimidazole. Apart from Lewis acidity, the FeNTs and FeNSs also showed CO2 uptake capacities of 2.6 and 2.2 mmol g-1 , respectively, at a pressure of 1 atm and temperature of 273 K. Furthermore, Ag nanoparticles are immobilized successfully on the surfaces of FeNTs and FeNSs by the liquid-phase impregnation method to prepare Ag@FeNT and Ag@FeNS nanocomposites, which show high catalytic activity for the selective fixation of CO2 to phenylacetylene to yield phenylpropiolic acid at 60 °C and 1 atm CO2 pressure. Hence, FeIII -catechol-containing hyper-crosslinked nanotubes and nanospheres have huge potential not only as Lewis acid catalysts, but also as excellent supports for immobilizing Ag nanoparticles in the design of a robust catalyst for the carboxylation of terminal alkynes, which has wide scope in catalysis and environmental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Modak
- Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & B, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-, 700032, India.,S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block-JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700106, India
| | - Piyali Bhanja
- Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & B, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-, 700032, India
| | - Asim Bhaumik
- Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & B, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-, 700032, India
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15
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Schlegel M, Coburger P, Schneider C. A Novel Sc(OTf) 3 -Catalyzed (2+2+1)-Cycloannulation/Aza-Friedel-Crafts Alkylation Sequence toward Multicyclic 2-Pyrrolines. Chemistry 2018; 24:14207-14212. [PMID: 29939442 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The rapid assembly of molecular complexity continues to be at the forefront of novel reaction development. In the pursuit of that goal, we herein report a novel Sc(OTf)3 -catalyzed, one-pot multicomponent reaction that furnishes complex multicyclic 2-pyrrolines with excellent overall yields and perfect diastereocontrol. This process is based on our previously established (2+2+1)-cycloannulation of in situ generated 1-azaallyl cations, 1,3-dicarbonyls and primary amines. The newly formed and highly reactive aminal moiety is readily substituted with indoles and pyrroles both as external and internal π-nucleophiles to provide densely functionalized N-heterocycles with four new σ-bonds and two vicinal quaternary stereogenic centers. In addition, DFT calculations have been conducted to further characterize the intermediate 1-azaallyl cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Schlegel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Coburger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Schneider
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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16
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Lee S, Bae HY, List B. Can a Ketone Be More Reactive than an Aldehyde? Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Substituted Tetrahydrofurans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12162-12166. [PMID: 30126072 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201806312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
O-heterocycles bearing tetrasubstituted stereogenic centers are prepared via catalytic chemo- and enantioselective nucleophilic additions to ketoaldehydes, in which the ketone reacts preferentially over the aldehyde. Five- and six-membered rings with both aromatic and aliphatic substituents, as well as an alkynyl substituent, are obtained. Moreover, 2,2,5-trisubstituted and 2,2,5,5-tetrasubstituted tetrahydrofurans are synthesized with excellent stereoselectivities. Additionally, the synthetic utility of the described method is demonstrated with a three-step synthesis of the side chain of anhydroharringtonine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunggi Lee
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Han Yong Bae
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Benjamin List
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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17
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Abstract
We report herein the intramolecular α-tert-alkylation of unsaturated β-ketoesters which gives rise to highly functionalized cyclopentanes. This strategy is characterized by its operational simplicity, mild reaction conditions and the use of scandium(III) triflate as a Lewis acid catalyst. Of interest, cyclopentanes bearing heterocycles, sites for post reaction functionalization and spirocyclic architectures are accessible with this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C McAtee
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, 930 North University Avee, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Duncan C Ellinwood
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, 930 North University Avee, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Rory C McAtee
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, 930 North University Avee, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Corinna S Schindler
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, 930 North University Avee, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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18
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Abstract
Herein, we describe the development of a synthetic strategy towards chiral 3-pyrrolines based on the design principle of iron(III)-catalyzed carbonyl-olefin metathesis. This approach takes advantage of commercially available amino acids as chiral pool reagents and FeCl3 as a Lewis acid catalyst. Our strategy is characterized by its operational simplicity, mild reaction conditions and functional group tolerance. Investigations show that an electron-deficient nitrogen protecting group overcomes limitations arising from competitive binding of the Lewis acid catalyst to unfavorable Lewis basic sites, which ultimately enables catalytic turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia J. Groso
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Alexander N. Golonka
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ryan A. Harding
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Brandon W. Alexander
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Taylor M. Sodano
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Corinna S. Schindler
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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19
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Abstract
An enantioselective sulfa-Michael-cyclization reaction was developed for the synthesis of 1,5-benzothiazepines with versatile pharmacological activities. The reaction between 2-aminothiophenol and α,β-unsaturated pyrazoleamides gave direct access to N-H-free 1,5-benzothiazepines in the presence of a chiral N,N'-dioxide/Yb(OTf)3 complex. Excellent enantioselectivities (up to 96 % ee) and high yields (up to 99 %) were obtained for a broad range of substrates under mild reaction conditions. This method provided a facile approach to the antidepressant drug (R)-(-)-Thiazesim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - Yu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - Lili Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
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20
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Herrera R, Méndez F, Jiménez F, Cruz MC, Tamariz J. Theoretical study of the regioselective cyclization of enaminones in the construction of benzofurans and indoles. J Mol Model 2016; 22:116. [PMID: 27132239 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-016-2985-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A theoretical study was undertaken regarding the regioselective Lewis acid-promoted intramolecular cyclization of novel enaminones 1-3 leading to the corresponding benzofurans 4-5 and indoles 6. The density functional theory (DFT) and hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB) principle provided data to describe the electronic effects of the substituents in the reactivity of the benzene ring and the enaminone moiety. The condensed and local Fukui functions for nucleophilic and electrophilic attacks of the reactants accounted for the experimentally observed preference, in regard to precursors 1-3, of the cyclization between the C6' carbon (rather than the C2' carbon) of the benzene ring and the C3 center of the enaminone moiety.
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21
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Mondal A, Mukhopadhyay C. FeCl3-Catalyzed Combinatorial Synthesis of Functionalized Spiro[Indolo-3,10'-indeno [1,2-b]quinolin]-trione Derivatives. ACS Comb Sci 2015; 17:404-8. [PMID: 26086799 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.5b00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient, inexpensive, environmentally friendly and high yield one-pot route to new spiro[indolo-3,10'-indeno [1,2-b]quinolin]-trione derivatives has been developed, involving three-component reaction of enaminones, N-substituted isatins and Indane-1,3-dione catalyzed by FeCl3. The approach to this spiro-heterocycle is noteworthy because it results in the formation of three new σ (two C-C and one C-N) bonds in a single operation, leading to the construction of novel spiro skeleton. This method works on a large scale in excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Animesh Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 APC Road, Kolkata-700009, India
| | - Chhanda Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 APC Road, Kolkata-700009, India
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22
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Raja S, Nakajima M, Rueping M. Experimental and computational study of the catalytic asymmetric 4π-electrocyclization of N-heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:2762-5. [PMID: 25533025 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The first asymmetric metal-catalyzed Nazarov cyclization of N-heterocycles has been developed. The use of a chiral catalyst allows the enantioselective electrocyclization of N-heterocycles under mild conditions and the corresponding products are obtained in good yields with excellent enantio- and diastereoselectivity. The reaction mechanism and the absolute configuration of the obtained products are explained by means of computational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadiya Raja
- Institut of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany)
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23
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Alge DL, Donohue DF, Anseth KS. Facile and efficient Lewis acid catalyzed synthesis of an asymmetric tetrazine useful for bio-orthogonal click chemistry applications. Tetrahedron Lett 2013; 54. [PMID: 24270730 PMCID: PMC3834559 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Bio-orthogonal tetrazine click reactions have recently attracted significant interest for applications spanning biological imaging, cancer targeting, and biomaterials science. Here, we report a simple and efficient two-step scheme for the synthesis of an asymmetric tetrazine molecule containing a carboxylic acid handle for subsequent macromolecular conjugation. Yields as high as 75% were achieved using as little as 0.005 equivalents of nickel triflate catalyst, which is a significant improvement over previous methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Alge
- Unversity of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and the BioFrontiers Institute, Boulder, CO 80303, USA ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
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24
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Munirathinam R, Ricciardi R, Egberink RJM, Huskens J, Holtkamp M, Wormeester H, Karst U, Verboom W. Gallium-containing polymer brush film as efficient supported Lewis acid catalyst in a glass microreactor. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:1698-704. [PMID: 24062830 PMCID: PMC3778416 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polystyrene sulfonate polymer brushes, grown on the interior of the microchannels in a microreactor, have been used for the anchoring of gallium as a Lewis acid catalyst. Initially, gallium-containing polymer brushes were grown on a flat silicon oxide surface and were characterized by FTIR, ellipsometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS revealed the presence of one gallium per 2-3 styrene sulfonate groups of the polymer brushes. The catalytic activity of the Lewis acid-functionalized brushes in a microreactor was demonstrated for the dehydration of oximes, using cinnamaldehyde oxime as a model substrate, and for the formation of oxazoles by ring closure of ortho-hydroxy oximes. The catalytic activity of the microreactor could be maintained by periodic reactivation by treatment with GaCl3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Munirathinam
- Laboratory of Molecular Nanofabrication, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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25
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O’Connell KMG, Díaz-Gavilán M, Galloway WRJD, Spring DR. Two-directional synthesis as a tool for diversity-oriented synthesis: Synthesis of alkaloid scaffolds. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:850-60. [PMID: 23015833 PMCID: PMC3388873 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-directional synthesis represents an ideal strategy for the rapid elaboration of simple starting materials and their subsequent transformation into complex molecular architectures. As such, it is becoming recognised as an enabling technology for diversity-oriented synthesis. Herein, we provide a thorough account of our work combining two-directional synthesis with diversity-oriented synthesis, with particular reference to the synthesis of polycyclic alkaloid scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieron M G O’Connell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Rd, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Monica Díaz-Gavilán
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Rd, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Warren R J D Galloway
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Rd, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - David R Spring
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Rd, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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