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Wachter M, Scholz B, Schulze EJ, Hampel F, Pérez-Ojeda ME, Hirsch A. Regioselective Synthesis of Hamilton-Receptor-Fullerene Oligo-Adducts for the Supramolecular Binding of Cyanuric Derivatives. Chemistry 2024:e202400915. [PMID: 38616170 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
A new concept for the regioselective synthesis of Hamilton-receptor and cyanurate-functionalized oligo adducts of the fullerene C60 was developed. Based on an in-situ deprotection and click-post-functionalization approach with novel azido precursors, the corresponding fullerene hexakis-adducts with octahedral addition patterns and up to twelve Hamilton-receptor/cyanurate moieties surrounding the fullerene sphere were synthesized. The versatility of this approach was further demonstrated by the synthesis of Hamilton-receptor/cyanurate functionalized fullerene mono-adducts, which are not accessible by direct cyclopropanation. Several fullerene target compounds were purified by simple washing procedures of the solid crude reaction mixture without the need for chromatography. The resulting fullerene mono- and hexakis-adducts were fully characterized and their supramolecular properties were investigated by NMR-spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wachter
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Scholz
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erik J Schulze
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank Hampel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Eugenia Pérez-Ojeda
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hirsch
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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2
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Castanyer C, Pla-Quintana A, Roglans A, Artigas A, Solà M. Unveiling the regioselectivity of rhodium(I)-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition reactions for open-cage C 70 production. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:272-279. [PMID: 38379734 PMCID: PMC10877076 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The regioselective functionalization of fullerenes holds significant promise for applications in the fields of medicinal chemistry, materials science, and photovoltaics. In this study, we investigate the regioselectivity of the rhodium(I)-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition reactions between diynes and C70 as a novel procedure for generating C70 bis(fulleroid) derivatives. The aim is to shed light on the regioselectivity of the process through both experimental and computational approaches. In addition, the photooxidation of one of the C-C double bonds in the synthesized bis(fulleroids) affords open-cage C70 derivatives having a 12-membered ring opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Castanyer
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona (UdG), Girona 17003 Catalunya, Spain
| | - Anna Pla-Quintana
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona (UdG), Girona 17003 Catalunya, Spain
| | - Anna Roglans
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona (UdG), Girona 17003 Catalunya, Spain
| | - Albert Artigas
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona (UdG), Girona 17003 Catalunya, Spain
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona (UdG), Girona 17003 Catalunya, Spain
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3
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Mukherjee A, Ghosh G. Light-regulated morphology control in supramolecular polymers. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:2169-2184. [PMID: 38206133 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04989b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive materials have gained significant recent interest owing to their versatility and wide applications in fields ranging from materials science to biology. In the majority of examples, external stimuli, including light, act as a remote source of energy to depolymerize/deconstruct certain nanostructures or provide energy for exploring their functional features. However, there is little emphasis on the creation and precise control of these materials. Although significant progress has been made in the last few decades in understanding the pros and cons of various directional non-covalent interactions and their specific molecular recognition ability, it is only in the recent past that the focus has shifted toward controlling the dimension, dispersity, and other macroscopic properties of supramolecular assemblies. Control over the morphology of supramolecular polymers is extremely crucial not only for material properties they manifest but also for effective interactions with biological systems for their potential application in the field of biomedicine. This could effectively be achieved using photoirradiation which has been demonstrated by some recent reports. The concept as such offers a broad scope for designing versatile stimuli-responsive supramolecular materials with precise structure-property control. However, there has not yet been a compilation that focuses on the present subject of employing light to impact and regulate the morphology of supramolecular polymers or categorize the functional motif for easy understanding. In this review, we have collated recent examples of how light irradiation can tune the morphology and nanostructures of supramolecular polymers and categorized them based on their chemical transformation such as cis-trans isomerization, cycloaddition, and photo-cleavage. We have also established a direct correlation among the structures of the building blocks, mesoscopic properties and functional behavior of such materials and suggested future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Mukherjee
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS), Shivanapura, Dasanapura Hobli, Bengaluru, 562162, India.
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4
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Chang X, Xu Y, von Delius M. Recent advances in supramolecular fullerene chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:47-83. [PMID: 37853792 PMCID: PMC10759306 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00937d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Fullerene chemistry has come a long way since 1990, when the first bulk production of C60 was reported. In the past decade, progress in supramolecular chemistry has opened some remarkable and previously unexpected opportunities regarding the selective (multiple) functionalization of fullerenes and their (self)assembly into larger structures and frameworks. The purpose of this review article is to provide a comprehensive overview of these recent developments. We describe how macrocycles and cages that bind strongly to C60 can be used to block undesired addition patterns and thus allow the selective preparation of single-isomer addition products. We also discuss how the emergence of highly shape-persistent macrocycles has opened opportunities for the study of photoactive fullerene dyads and triads as well as the preparation of mechanically interlocked compounds. The preparation of two- or three-dimensional fullerene materials is another research area that has seen remarkable progress over the past few years. Due to the rapidly decreasing price of C60 and C70, we believe that these achievements will translate into all fields where fullerenes have traditionally (third-generation solar cells) and more recently been applied (catalysis, spintronics).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmao Chang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm 89081, Germany.
| | - Youzhi Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Max von Delius
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm 89081, Germany.
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5
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Bąk K, Marques I, Kuhn H, Christensen KE, Félix V, Beer PD. Fullerene-Functionalized Halogen-Bonding Heteroditopic Hosts for Ion-Pair Recognition. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27367-27379. [PMID: 38060428 PMCID: PMC10739994 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite their hydrophobic surfaces with localized π-holes and rigid well-defined architectures providing a scaffold for preorganizing binding motifs, fullerenes remain unexplored as potential supramolecular host platforms for the recognition of anions. Herein, we present the first example of the rational design, synthesis, and unique recognition properties of novel fullerene-functionalized halogen-bonding (XB) heteroditopic ion-pair receptors containing cation and anion binding domains spatially separated by C60. Fullerene spatial separation of the XB donors and the crown ether complexed potassium cation resulted in a rare example of an artificial receptor containing two anion binding sites with opposing preferences for hard and soft halides. Importantly, the incorporation of the C60 motif into the heteroditopic receptor structure has a significant effect on the halide binding selectivity, which is further amplified upon K+ cation binding. The potassium cation complexed fullerene-based receptors exhibit enhanced selectivity for the soft polarizable iodide ion which is assisted by the C60 scaffold preorganizing the potent XB-based binding domains, anion-π interactions, and the exceptional polarizability of the fullerene moiety, as evidenced from DFT calculations. These observations serve to highlight the unique properties of fullerene surfaces for proximal charged guest binding with potential applications in construction of selective molecular sensors and modulating the properties of solar cell devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof
M. Bąk
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Igor Marques
- CICECO
- Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Heike Kuhn
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Kirsten E. Christensen
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Vítor Félix
- CICECO
- Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paul D. Beer
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
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6
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Ai Y, Liao WQ, Weng YR, Lv HP, Chen XG, Song XJ, Li PF, Xiong RG. Discovery of Ferroelectricity in the Fullerene Adduct C 60S 8. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:23292-23299. [PMID: 37819908 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Fullerenes offer versatile functionalities and are promising materials for a widespread range of applications from biomedicine and energy to electronics. Great efforts have been made to manipulate the symmetries of fullerene and its derivatives for studying material properties and novel effects, such as ferroelectricity with polar symmetry; however, no documentary report has been obtained to realize their ferroelectricity. Here, for the first time, we demonstrated clear ferroelectricity in a fullerene adduct formed by C60 and S8. More is different: the combination of the most symmetric molecule C60 with the highest Ih symmetry and molecule S8 with high D4d symmetry resulted in the polar C60S8 adduct with a low crystallographic symmetry of the C2v (mm2) point group at room temperature. The presented C60S8 undergoes polar-to-polar ferroelectric phase transition with the mm2Fm notation, whose ferroelectricity was confirmed by a ferroelectric hysteresis loop and ferroelectric domain switching. This finding opens up a new functionality for fullerenes and sheds light on the exploration of more ferroelectric fullerenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ai
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Qiang Liao
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ran Weng
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Peng Lv
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Gang Chen
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Jiang Song
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Li
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Gen Xiong
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
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7
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Xie R, Hu Y, Lee SL. A Paradigm Shift from 2D to 3D: Surface Supramolecular Assemblies and Their Electronic Properties Explored by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300413. [PMID: 36922729 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exploring supramolecular architectures at surfaces plays an increasingly important role in contemporary science, especially for molecular electronics. A paradigm of research interest in this context is shifting from 2D to 3D that is expanding from monolayer, bilayers, to multilayers. Taking advantage of its high-resolution insight into monolayers and a few layers, scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) turns out a powerful tool for analyzing such thin films on a solid surface. This review summarizes the representative efforts of STM/STS studies of layered supramolecular assemblies and their unique electronic properties, especially at the liquid-solid interface. The superiority of the 3D molecular networks at surfaces is elucidated and an outlook on the challenges that still lie ahead is provided. This review not only highlights the profound progress in 3D supramolecular assemblies but also provides researchers with unusual concepts to design surface supramolecular structures with increasing complexity and desired functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongbin Xie
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Shern-Long Lee
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
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8
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Zhao F, He D, Zou C, Li Y, Wang K, Zhang J, Yang S, Tu Y, Wang C, Lin Y. Fullerene-Liquid-Crystal-Induced Micrometer-Scale Charge-Carrier Diffusion in Organic Bulk Heterojunction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210463. [PMID: 36546408 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The short charge-carrier diffusion length (LD ) (100-300 nm) in organic bulk heterojunction (BHJ) impedes the further improvement in power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs), especially for thick-film (>400 nm) devices matching with industrial solution processing. Here a facile method is developed to efficiently increase LD and then improve PCEs of OSCs via introducing a fullerene liquid crystal, F1, into the active layer. F1 combines the inherent high electron mobility of fullerene and strong self-assembly capacity of liquid crystal, providing a fast channel for charge-carrier transport and reducing energetic disorder and trap density in BHJ film via enhancing crystallization. Typically, in PM6:Y6:F1 BHJ, the enhanced charge-carrier mobility (>10-2 cm-2 V-1 s-1 ) and prolonged charge-carrier lifetime (55.3 µs) are acquired to realize the record LD of 1.6 or 2.4 µm for electron or hole, respectively, which are much higher than those of the PM6:Y6 binary sample and comparable to or even better than those values reported for some inorganic/hybrid materials, such as CuInx Ga(1- x ) Se2 (CIGS) and perovskite thin films. Benefitting from the micrometer-scale LD , the PM6:Y6:F1 ternary OSCs sustain a remarkable PCE of 15.23% with the active layer thickness approaching 500 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuwen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids and Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Dan He
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Can Zou
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 201100, P. R. China
| | - Yawen Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids and Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 201100, P. R. China
| | - Yingfeng Tu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, P. R. China
| | - Chunru Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids and Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yuze Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids and Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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9
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Kausar A, Ahmad I, Maaza M, Eisa MH. State-of-the-Art of Polymer/Fullerene C 60 Nanocomposite Membranes for Water Treatment: Conceptions, Structural Diversity and Topographies. MEMBRANES 2022; 13:27. [PMID: 36676834 PMCID: PMC9864887 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To secure existing water resources is one of the imposing challenges to attain sustainability and ecofriendly world. Subsequently, several advanced technologies have been developed for water treatment. The most successful methodology considered so far is the development of water filtration membranes for desalination, ion permeation, and microbes handling. Various types of membranes have been industrialized including nanofiltration, microfiltration, reverse osmosis, and ultrafiltration membranes. Among polymeric nanocomposites, nanocarbon (fullerene, graphene, and carbon nanotubes)-reinforced nanomaterials have gained research attention owing to notable properties/applications. Here, fullerene has gained important stance amid carbonaceous nanofillers due to zero dimensionality, high surface areas, and exceptional physical properties such as optical, electrical, thermal, mechanical, and other characteristics. Accordingly, a very important application of polymer/fullerene C60 nanocomposites has been observed in the membrane sector. This review is basically focused on talented applications of polymer/fullerene nanocomposite membranes in water treatment. The polymer/fullerene nanostructures bring about numerous revolutions in the field of high-performance membranes because of better permeation, water flux, selectivity, and separation performance. The purpose of this pioneering review is to highlight and summarize current advances in the field of water purification/treatment using polymer and fullerene-based nanocomposite membranes. Particular emphasis is placed on the development of fullerene embedded into a variety of polymer membranes (Nafion, polysulfone, polyamide, polystyrene, etc.) and effects on the enhanced properties and performance of the resulting water treatment membranes. Polymer/fullerene nanocomposite membranes have been developed using solution casting, phase inversion, electrospinning, solid phase synthesis, and other facile methods. The structural diversity of polymer/fullerene nanocomposites facilitates membrane separation processes, especially for valuable or toxic metal ions, salts, and microorganisms. Current challenges and opportunities for future research have also been discussed. Future research on these innovative membrane materials may overwhelm design and performance-related challenging factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Kausar
- NPU-NCP Joint International Research Center on Advanced Nanomaterials and Defects Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology, iThemba LABS, Somerset West 7129, South Africa
- NPU-NCP Joint International Research Center on Advanced Nanomaterials and Defects Engineering, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Ishaq Ahmad
- NPU-NCP Joint International Research Center on Advanced Nanomaterials and Defects Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology, iThemba LABS, Somerset West 7129, South Africa
- NPU-NCP Joint International Research Center on Advanced Nanomaterials and Defects Engineering, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Malik Maaza
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology, iThemba LABS, Somerset West 7129, South Africa
| | - M. H. Eisa
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13318, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Bao L, Xu T, Guo K, Huang W, Lu X. Supramolecular Engineering of Crystalline Fullerene Micro-/Nano-Architectures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200189. [PMID: 35213750 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fullerenes are a molecular form of carbon allotrope and bear certain solubility, which allow the supramolecular assembly of fullerene molecules-also together with other complementary compound classes-via solution-based wet processes. By well-programmed organizing these building blocks and precisely modulating over the assembly process, supramolecularly assembled fullerene micro-/nano-architectures (FMNAs) are obtained. These FMNAs exhibit remarkably enhanced functions as well as tunable morphologies and dimensions at different size scales, leading to their applications in diverse fields. In this review, both traditional and newly developed assembly strategies are reviewed, with an emphasis on the morphological evolution mechanism of FMNAs. The discussion is then focused on how to precisely regulate the dimensions and morphologies to generate functional FMNAs through solvent engineering, co-crystallization, surfactant incorporation, or post-fabrication treatment. In addition to C60 -based FMNAs, this review particularly focuses on recently fabricated FMNAs comprising higher fullerenes (e.g., C70 ) and metallofullerenes. Meanwhile, an overview of the property modulation is presented and multidisciplinary applications of FMNAs in various fields are summarized, including sensors, optoelectronics, biomedicines, and energy. At the end, the prospects for future research, application opportunities, and challenges associated with FMNAs are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipiao Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Kun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Wenhuan Huang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Xing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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11
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Kop TJ, Bjelaković MS, Živković L, Žekić A, Milić DR. Stable colloidal dispersions of fullerene C60, curcumin and C60-curcumin in water as potential antioxidants. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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12
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Meng F, Wang S, Jiang B, Ju L, Xie H, Jiang W, Ji Q. Coordinated regulation of phosphorus/nitrogen doping in fullerene-derived hollow carbon spheres and their synergistic effect for the oxygen reduction reaction. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:10389-10398. [PMID: 35819051 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02358j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fullerene-derived carbons have been demonstrated as effective electrode materials for electrocatalytic reactions. The heteroatoms in the carbon matrix are essential to enhance their electrocatalytic performance but are still challenging for effective doping strategies and understanding their synergistic effect. Herein, we regulate the phosphorus/nitrogen (P/N) doping in the carbon structure based on the control mixing of pyritic acid (PA) with the assembled diamine-C60 hollow spheres (N@FHS). After pyrolysis, the carbon spheres are shown to have a homogenous distribution of N and P (NP@CHS). The structural and molecular analysis reveals that the doping of P may facilitate the formation of graphitic N in the carbon framework. When used as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), NP@CHSs exhibit superior oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance in contrast to those of fullerene-derived carbon with single N doping and the commercial Pt/C (20 wt%) catalyst. Density functional theory (DFT) studies indicate that P/N-doping promotes the charge transfer in the carbon structure owing to its strong electronegativity. The enhanced ORR activity should be mainly due to the P- and N-coordinated neighboring C sites with the defective fullerene pentagon ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fancang Meng
- Herbert Gleiter Institute for Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Suwei Wang
- National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Technology Research Center, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Bohong Jiang
- Herbert Gleiter Institute for Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Li Ju
- Herbert Gleiter Institute for Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Haijiao Xie
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd., Building 2, Xixi Legu Creative Pioneering Park, No. 712 Wen'er West Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Technology Research Center, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Qingmin Ji
- Herbert Gleiter Institute for Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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13
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Zhong JJ, Zhan SZ, Li Y, Guo YS, Ng SW, Deng YF, Li D. A 1D Mixed-Valence Cuprofullerene Pyrazolate Polymer as a Semiconductor Material. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:10624-10628. [PMID: 35776662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric {Cu6[(μ3-η2:η2:η2)2-C60](FPz)6Cl·3C6H5Cl}∞ [FPz = 4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolate], synthesized solvothermally with chlorobenzene as the solvent, is a doubly-connecting trans bis-adduct hexanuclear cuprofullerene that has copper in mixed valence. The compound is an example of a metallofullerene having semiconductivity character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jing Zhong
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shun-Ze Zhan
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.,College of Chemistry and Materials Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yanzhou Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - You-Shi Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Seik Weng Ng
- UCSI University, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Yi-Fei Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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14
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Larsen ES, Ahumada G, Sultane PR, Bielawski CW. Stereoelectronically-induced allosteric binding: shape complementarity promotes positive cooperativity in fullerene/buckybowl complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6498-6501. [PMID: 35575168 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01908f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel 2 : 1 host-guest complex forms between 8-tert-butyl-6b2-azapenta-benzo[bc,ef,hi,kl,no]corannulene (1) and C60 with positive cooperativity (α = 2.56) and high affinity (K1 × K2 = 2.8 × 106 M-2) at 25 °C. The C60 undergoes increasing shape complementarity toward 1 throughout the binding process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S Larsen
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Guillermo Ahumada
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - Prakash R Sultane
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - Christopher W Bielawski
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
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15
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Fullerene Rosette: Two-Dimensional Interactive Nanoarchitectonics and Selective Vapor Sensing. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105454. [PMID: 35628264 PMCID: PMC9141234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The simplicity of fullerenes as assembled components provides attractive opportunities for basic understanding in self-assembly research. We applied in situ reactive methods to the self-assembly process of C60 molecules with melamine/ethylenediamine components in solution, resulting in a novel type of fullerene assemblies, micron-sized two-dimensional, amorphous shape-regular objects, fullerene rosettes. ATR−FTIR spectra, XPS, and TGA results suggest that the melamine/ethylenediamine components strongly interact and/or are covalently linked with fullerenes in the fullerene rosettes. The broad peak for layer spacing in the XRD patterns of the fullerene rosettes corresponds roughly to the interdigitated fullerene bilayer or monolayer of modified fullerene molecules. The fullerene rosettes are made from the accumulation of bilayer/monolayer assemblies of hybridized fullerenes in low crystallinity. Prototype sensor systems were fabricated upon immobilization of the fullerene rosettes onto surfaces of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), and selective sensing of formic acid was demonstrated as preliminary results for social-demanded toxic material sensing. The QCM sensor with fullerene rosette is categorized as one of the large-response sensors among reported examples. In selectivity to formic acids against basic guests (formic acid/pyridine >30) or aromatic guests (formic acid/toluene >110), the fullerene rosette-based QCM sensor also showed superior performance.
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16
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Synthesis, crystal structure and supramolecular self-assembly of tetraphenylethylene subunit appended isoindigo derivatives. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Zhou S, Yuan J, Wang Z, Ling K, Fu P, Fang Y, Wang Y, Liu Z, Porfyrakis K, Briggs GAD, Gao S, Jiang S. Implementation of Quantum Level Addressability and Geometric Phase Manipulation in Aligned Endohedral Fullerene Qu
d
its. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shen Zhou
- Spin-X Institute School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- College of Aerospace Science and Engineering National University of Defense Technology Changsha China
| | - Jiayue Yuan
- College of Aerospace Science and Engineering National University of Defense Technology Changsha China
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing China
| | - Zi‐Yu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing China
| | - Kun Ling
- Spin-X Institute School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Peng‐Xiang Fu
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing China
| | - Yu‐Hui Fang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing China
| | - Ye‐Xin Wang
- Spin-X Institute School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Spin-X Institute School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Kyriakos Porfyrakis
- School of Engineering University of Greenwich Central Avenue Chatham Maritime Kent ME4 4TB UK
- Materials Department Oxford University Oxford UK
| | | | - Song Gao
- Spin-X Institute School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing China
| | - Shang‐Da Jiang
- Spin-X Institute School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
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18
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Bhadra BN, Shrestha LK, Ariga K. Porous carbon nanoarchitectonics for the environment: detection and adsorption. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00872f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As a post-nanotechnology concept, nanoarchitectonics has emerged from the 20th century to the 21st century. This review summarizes the recent progress in the field of metal-free porous carbon nanoarchitectonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswa Nath Bhadra
- WPI Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Lok Kumar Shrestha
- WPI Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- WPI Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
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19
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Jiang SD, Zhou S, Yuan J, Wang ZY, Ling K, Fu PX, Fang YH, Wang YX, Liu Z, Porfyrakis K, Briggs GAD, Gao S. Implementation of Quantum Level Addressability and Geometric Phase Manipulation in Aligned Endohedral Fullerene Qudits. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202115263. [PMID: 34913233 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Endohedral nitrogen fullerenes have been proposed as building blocks for quantum information processing due to their long spin coherence time. However, addressability of the individual electron spin levels in such a multiplet system of 4S3/2 has never been achieved because of the molecular isotropy and transition degeneracy among the Zeeman levels. Herein, by molecular engineering, we lifted the degeneracy by zero-field splitting effects and made the multiple transitions addressable by a liquid-crystal-assisted method. The endohedral nitrogen fullerene derivatives with rigid addends of spiro structure and large aspect ratios of regioselective bis-addition improve the ordering of the spin ensemble. These samples empower endohedral-fullerene-based qudits, in which the transitions between the 4 electron spin levels were respectively addressed and coherently manipulated. The quantum geometric phase manipulation, which has long been proposed for the advantages in error tolerance and gating speed, was implemented in a pure electron spin system using molecules for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Da Jiang
- South China University of Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wushan Road 381, 510641, Guangzhou, CHINA
| | - Shen Zhou
- South China University of Technology, Spin-X Institute, CHINA
| | - Jiayue Yuan
- National University of Defense Technology, College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, CHINA
| | - Zi-Yu Wang
- Peking University, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, CHINA
| | - Kun Ling
- South China University of Technology, Spin-X Institute, CHINA
| | - Peng-Xiang Fu
- Peking University, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, CHINA
| | - Yu-Hui Fang
- Peking University, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, CHINA
| | - Ye-Xin Wang
- South China University of Technology, Spin-X Institute, CHINA
| | - Zheng Liu
- South China University of Technology, Spin-X Institute, CHINA
| | | | - G Andrew D Briggs
- Oxford University: University of Oxford, Materials Department, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Song Gao
- South China University of Technology, Spin-X Institute, CHINA
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20
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Chen N, Shen Y, Xu T, Shen W, Lu X. Morphology Engineering of Fullerene (C 60 ) Microstructures Featuring Surface Cracks with Enhanced Photoluminescence and Microscopic Recognition Properties. Chemistry 2021; 27:16212-16218. [PMID: 34549465 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Surface cracks could improve the optical and photoelectronic properties of crystalline materials as they increase specific surface area, but the controlled self-assembly of fullerene (C60 ) molecules into micro-/nanostructures with surface cracks is still challenging. Herein, we report the morphology engineering of novel C60 microstructures bearing surface cracks for the first time, selecting phenetole and propan-1-ol (NPA) as good and poor solvents, respectively. Our systematic investigations reveal that phenetole molecules initially participate in the formation of the ends of the C60 microstructures, and then NPA molecules are involved in the gradual growth of the sidewalls of the microstructures. Therefore, the surface cracks of C60 microstructures can be finely regulated by adjusting the addition of NPA and the crystallization time. Interestingly, the cracked C60 microstructures show superior photoluminescence properties relative to the smooth microstructures due to the increased specific surface area. In addition, C60 microstructures with wide cracks show preferential recognition of silica particles over C60 particles owing to electrostatic interactions between the negatively charged C60 microstructures and the positively charged silica microparticles. These C60 crystals with surface cracks have potential applications from optoelectronics to biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and, Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yanglin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and, Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and, Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wangqiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and, Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and, Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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21
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Srivastava AK. On the surface interaction of C60 with superalkalis: a computational approach. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.1999519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Hupfer ML, Herrmann-Westendorf F, Dietzek B, Presselt M. In situ photothermal deflection spectroscopy revealing intermolecular interactions upon self-assembly of dye monolayers. Analyst 2021; 146:5033-5036. [PMID: 34291247 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00582k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate the potential of photothermal deflection spectroscopy (PDS) to study the self-assembly of dye monolayers in situ. Beyond the determination of adsorption kinetics at specific wavelengths, PDS gains its strength from yielding UV-vis absorptance spectra of SAMs in situ, unaffected by scattering, from which supramolecular interactions can be deduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian L Hupfer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.
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23
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Xu T, Chen N, He Z, Yu P, Shen W, Akasaka T, Lu X. Morphology Engineering of Fullerene[C 70 ] Microcrystals: From Perfect Cubes, Defective Hoppers to Novel Cruciform-Pillars. Chemistry 2021; 27:10387-10393. [PMID: 33899282 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Controlled crystallization of fullerene molecules into ordered molecular assemblies is important for their applications. However, the morphology engineering of fullerene[C70 ] assemblies is challenging, and complicated architectures have rarely been reported due to the low molecular symmetry of C70 molecules, which makes their crystallization difficult to control and the low production yield as well. Herein, with the assistance of solvent intercalation, a general reprecipitation approach is reported to prepare morphologically controllable C70 microcrystals with mesitylene as a good solvent and n-propanol as a poor solvent in one solvent system without replacing specific solvents. A series of C70 microcrystals with high uniformity from perfect cubes and defective hoppers to novel cruciform-pillars are obtained by intentionally tuning C70 concentration and the volume ratio of mesitylene to n-propanol. Among them, novel cruciform-pillar-shaped microcrystals are obtained for the first time by further decreasing the amount of mesitylene in the solvent-intercalated microcrystals. Notably, the C70 concentration is a key parameter for the selective growth of C70 hopper, rather than the volume ratio of mesitylene to n-propanol. Interestingly, the hopper-shaped microcrystals exhibit excellent photoluminescence properties relative to those of cubes and cruciform-pillars owing to the enhanced light absorption, proving their potential applications in optoelectronic devices. This study offers new insights into the morphology-controlled synthesis of other micro/nanostructured organic microcrystals and the fine tuning of photoluminescence properties of organic crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhimin He
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Pengwei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wangqiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Takeshi Akasaka
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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24
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Balch AL, Winkler K. Electrochemistry of fullerene/transition metal complexes: Three decades of progress. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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25
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Peng Z, Su M, Jiang J, Ma G, Zhang R, Yu A, Peng P, Li FF. From 3D hierarchical microspheres to 1D microneedles: the unique role of water in the morphology control of ferrocenylpyrrolidine C 60 microcrystals. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:6030-6037. [PMID: 33729257 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00723h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fullerene microcrystals have been well prepared by the conventional liquid-liquid interface precipitation (LLIP) method, and the crystal structures can be manipulated by solvent combination. Aromatic and alcoholic solvents are widely used as good and poor solvents, respectively, in LLIP. However, water with higher polarity has been rarely utilized as a poor solvent for the morphology engineering of fullerenes, particularly in the morphology control of fullerene derivatives. Herein, the water-regulated morphology of a fullerene derivative, namely ferrocenylpyrrolidine C60 (denoted as FC), is investigated via the LLIP method. By simply modulating the combination of a good solvent (aromatic isopropylbenzene, IPB) and the poor solvents (alcohols), three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical microspheres of FC are obtained. Surprisingly, when water is introduced as one of poor solvents in the LLIP process, one-dimensional (1D) microneedles are obtained. The presence of water controls the liquid-liquid interface, the external environment and kinetics of the crystal growth, thereby promoting the morphological evolution from 3D hierarchical microspheres to 1D microneedles. Moreover, the solvated 1D microneedles exhibit enhanced photoluminescence (PL) and photocurrent responses in virtue of the highly ordered molecule arrangement and solvent (IPB) embedding in the crystal lattice. The water-regulated morphology engineering of FC provides a new strategy for the growth and morphology control of fullerene microcrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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26
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27
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Sekine R, Ravat P, Yanagisawa H, Liu C, Kikkawa M, Harano K, Nakamura E. Nano- and Microspheres Containing Inorganic and Biological Nanoparticles: Self-Assembly and Electron Tomographic Analysis. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:2822-2828. [PMID: 33535757 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Organofullerene amphiphiles show diverse behaviors in water, forming vesicles, micelles, Langmuir-Blodgett films, and anisotropic nanostructures. We found that gradual in situ protonation of an organic solution of (4-heptylphenyl)5C60-K+ by water or buffer generates the corresponding protonated molecule, (4-heptylphenyl)5C60H, which self-assembles to form nano- and microspheres of organofullerene (fullerspheres) with uniform diameters ranging from 30 nm to 2.5 μm that are controlled by the preparation or pH of the buffer. By using an aqueous solution of an organic dye, inorganic nanoparticle, protein, and virus, we encapsulated these entities in the fullersphere. This approach via self-assembly is distinct from other preparations of organic core-shell particles that generally require polymerization for the construction of a robust shell. The sphere is entirely amorphous, thermally stable up to 300 °C under vacuum, and resistant to electron irradiation, and we found the unconventional utility of the sphere for electron tomographic imaging of nanoparticles and biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Sekine
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Prince Ravat
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Haruaki Yanagisawa
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masahide Kikkawa
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Koji Harano
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Eiichi Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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28
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Jannatun N, Chen N, Yu P, Shen W, Lu X. Three-Dimensional Cubic and Dice-Like Microstructures of Higher Fullerene C 78 with Enhanced Photoelectrochemical and Photoluminescence Properties. Chemistry 2021; 27:348-353. [PMID: 32857431 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The single-crystal micro/nanostructures of fullerene species, namely C60 and C70 , have been previously studied, but studies on the morphology and properties of higher fullerenes have rarely been reported due to the limited amount of samples and their ellipsoidal isomeric structures. Herein, we report the formation of three-dimensional (3D) micro-cubes and micro-dice of a higher fullerene (C78 ) via a facile liquid-liquid interfacial precipitation (LLIP) method. The micro-cubes were prepared by regulating the concentration of C78 in trimethylbenzene (TMB) and the volume ratio of TMB and isopropanol. Interestingly, the micro-cubes are transformed into micro-dice with an open-hole on each crystal face by simply shaking the solution. X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic studies revealed a simple cubic unit cell with a lattice constant of 10.6 Å and intercalated TMB molecules in both crystals. The C78 cubic and dice-like microstructures exhibited enhanced photoelectrochemical and photoluminescence properties compared with pristine C78 powder, indicating their potential applications as photodetectors and photoelectric devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahar Jannatun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die &, Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die &, Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Pengyuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die &, Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wangqiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die &, Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die &, Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Fan X, Geng J, Soin N, Chakrabarti S, Mitra S, Roqan IS, Li H, Babatunde MO, Baldwin A. A solid–liquid two-phase precipitation method for the growth of fullerene (C 60) nanowires. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00413a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A schematic diagram of the preparation of C60 nanowires by the solid–liquid two-phase precipitation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Fan
- Institute for Materials Research and Innovation (IMRI), School of Engineering, University of Bolton, Bolton BL3 5AB, UK
| | - Junfeng Geng
- Institute for Materials Research and Innovation (IMRI), School of Engineering, University of Bolton, Bolton BL3 5AB, UK
| | - Navneet Soin
- School of Engineering, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Belfast BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Supriya Chakrabarti
- School of Engineering, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Belfast BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Somak Mitra
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Iman S. Roqan
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hua Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Mustapha Olaoluwa Babatunde
- Institute for Materials Research and Innovation (IMRI), School of Engineering, University of Bolton, Bolton BL3 5AB, UK
| | - Andy Baldwin
- Institute for Materials Research and Innovation (IMRI), School of Engineering, University of Bolton, Bolton BL3 5AB, UK
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30
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Jakšić J, Mitrović A, Tokić Vujošević Z, Milčić M, Maslak V. Selective formation of dihydrofuran fused [60] fullerene derivatives by TEMPO mediated [3 + 2] cycloaddition of medium chain β-keto esters to C 60. RSC Adv 2021; 11:29426-29432. [PMID: 35479550 PMCID: PMC9040907 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03944j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, β-keto esters as readily available bio-based building blocks were used to decorate the C60 sphere. Generally, cyclopropanated fullerene derivatives are obtained by the standard Bingel–Hirsch procedure. Herein, omitting the iodine from the reaction mixture and adding TEMPO afforded dihydrofuran fused C60 fullerene derivatives. The mechanism of the reaction shifted from nucleophilic aliphatic substitution to oxidative [3 + 2] cycloaddition via fullerenyl cations as an intermediate. This mechanism is proposed based on a series of control experiments with radical scavengers. Therefore, dihydrofuran-fused C60 derivatives were selectively obtained in good yields and their structures were established based on UV-Vis, IR, NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The electrochemical properties of the synthesized compounds were investigated by cyclic voltammetry. DFT calculations were performed in order to investigate the difference in stability, electronic properties and π-electron delocalization between methano and furano fullerenes. In this study, β-keto esters as readily available bio-based building blocks were used to decorate the C60 sphere.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Jakšić
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Mitrović
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorana Tokić Vujošević
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miloš Milčić
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Veselin Maslak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
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31
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Ferrero S, Barbero H, Miguel D, García-Rodríguez R, Álvarez CM. Porphyrin-based systems containing polyaromatic fragments: decoupling the synergistic effects in aromatic-porphyrin-fullerene systems. RSC Adv 2020; 10:36164-36173. [PMID: 35517082 PMCID: PMC9056955 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07407a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report a two-step synthesis that allows the introduction of four pyrene or corannulene fragments at the para position of meso-tetraarylporphyrins using a microwave-assisted quadruple Suzuki–Miyaura reaction. Placing the PAHs at this position, further from the porphyrin core, avoids the participation of the porphyrin core in binding with fullerenes. The fullerene hosting ability of the four new molecular receptors was investigated by NMR titrations and DFT studies. Despite having two potential binding sites, the pyrene derivatives did not associate with C60 or C70. In contrast, the tetracorannulene derivatives bound C60 and C70, although with modest binding constants. In these novel para-substituted systems, the porphyrin core acts as a simple linker that does not participate in the binding process, which allows the system to be considered as two independent molecular tweezers; i.e., the first binding event is not transmitted to the second binding site. This behavior can be considered a direct consequence of the decoupling of the porphyrin core from the binding event. Designed molecule for decoupling the synergistic supramolecular effects in aromatic-porphyrin-fullerene host–guest systems.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Ferrero
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid E-47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Héctor Barbero
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid E-47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Daniel Miguel
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid E-47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid E-47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Celedonio M Álvarez
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid E-47011 Valladolid Spain
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32
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Yang Y, Niu C, Chen M, Yang S, Wang GW. Electrochemical regioselective alkylations of a [60]fulleroindoline with bulky alkyl bromides. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:4783-4787. [PMID: 32520053 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00876a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical alkylations of a [60]fulleroindoline with different bulky alkyl bromides exhibit different reaction behaviors. The hydroalkylation and dialkylation of the electrochemically generated dianionic [60]fulleroindoline with bulky 2,4,6-tris(bromomethyl)mesitylene give rise to 1,2,3,16-adducts. In comparison, the hydroalkylation of the dianionic [60]fulleroindoline with bulkier diphenylbromomethane still affords a 1,2,3,16-adduct, while the corresponding dialkylation provides a sterically favoured 1,4,9,12-adduct, which is scarcely investigated, as the major product along with the isomeric 1,2,3,16-adduct as the minor product. The structures of these products have been determined by spectroscopic data and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. A plausible reaction mechanism has been proposed to explain the formation of the observed products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Chuang Niu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Muqing Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Shangfeng Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Guan-Wu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China. and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
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33
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Ferrero S, Barbero H, Miguel D, García-Rodríguez R, Álvarez CM. Octapodal Corannulene Porphyrin-Based Assemblies: Allosteric Behavior in Fullerene Hosting. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4918-4926. [PMID: 32153183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
An octapodal corannulene-based supramolecular system has been prepared by introducing eight corannulene moieties in a porphyrin scaffold. Despite the potential of this double picket fence porphyrin for double-tweezer behavior, NMR titrations show exclusive formation of 1:1 adducts. The system exhibits very strong affinity for C60 and C70 (K1 = (2.71 ± 0.08) × 104 and (2.13 ± 0.1) × 105 M-1, respectively), presenting selectivity for the latter. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that, in addition to the four corannulene units, the relatively flexible porphyrin tether actively participates in the recognition process, resulting in a strong synergistic effect. This leads to a very strong interaction with C60, which in turn also induces a large structural change on the other face (second potential binding site), leading to a negative allosteric effect. We also introduced Zn2+ in the porphyrin core in an attempt to modulate its flexibility. The resulting metalloporphyrin also displayed single-tweezer behavior, albeit with slightly smaller binding constants for C60 and C70, suggesting that the effect of the coordination of fullerene to one face of our supramolecular platform was still transmitted to the other face, leading to the deactivation of the second potential binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Ferrero
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Héctor Barbero
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Daniel Miguel
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Celedonio M Álvarez
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
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34
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Singla P, Salunke DB. Recent advances in steroid amino acid conjugates: Old scaffolds with new dimensions. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 187:111909. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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35
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Vittala SK, Han D. DNA-Guided Assemblies toward Nanoelectronic Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:2702-2722. [PMID: 35025404 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeepa Kulala Vittala
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Da Han
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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36
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Chu D, Liu Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Cui Y. Journey to the Holy Grail of a coordination saturated buckyball. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi00511h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A rhombicuboctahedral C60@Cu24 core–shell structure, a giant leap toward the Holy Grail of a coordination saturated buckyball (C60) of a C60@M30 icosidodecahedron, was highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Chu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Yuhao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Yingguo Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Yong Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
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37
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Kop TJ, Jakovljević DM, Živković LS, Žekić A, Beškoski VP, Milić DR, Gojgić-Cvijović GD, Bjelaković MS. Polysaccharide-fullerene supramolecular hybrids: Synthesis, characterization and antioxidant activity. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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38
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Jiang B, Tang Q, Zhao W, Sun J, An R, Niu T, Fuchs H, Ji Q. Tailoring structural features and functions of fullerene rod crystals by a ferrocene-modified fullerene derivative. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01019g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Effective functional intercalation and facile structural manipulation of fullerene crystals could be achieved by ferrocene-modified fullerene based on the liquid–liquid interfacial precipitation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohong Jiang
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Qin Tang
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Wenli Zhao
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Rong An
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Tianchao Niu
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
- Center for Nanotechnology
| | - Qingmin Ji
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
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39
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Hussain M, Niu C, Wang GW. Palladium-catalyzed synthesis of [60]fullerene-fused furochromenones and further electrochemical functionalization. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00264j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed heteroannulation of [60]fullerene with 4-hydroxycoumarins affords [60]fullerene-fused furochromenones, which can be further derivatized via an electrochemical method to synthesize 1,2,3,4-adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Hussain
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- and Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Chuang Niu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- and Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Guan-Wu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- and Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
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40
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Sakakibara K, Wakiuchi A, Murata Y, Tsujii Y. Precise synthesis of double-armed polymers with fullerene C 60 at the junction for controlled architecture. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00458h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the first successful synthesis of the polymer-attached 1,2-hydrofullerene and the double-armed 1,4-bisadducts in a regioselective manner via controlled radical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Sakakibara
- Institute for Chemical Research
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
| | - Araki Wakiuchi
- Institute for Chemical Research
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Tsujii
- Institute for Chemical Research
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
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41
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Sung B, Wensink HH, Grelet E. Depletion-driven morphological transitions in hexagonal crystallites of virus rods. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:9520-9527. [PMID: 31709439 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01207a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The assembly of nanometer-sized building blocks into complex morphologies is not only of fundamental interest but also plays a key role in material science and nanotechnology. We show that the shape of self-assembled superstructures formed by rod-like viruses can be controlled by tuning the attraction via the depletion interaction between the rods. Using non-adsorbing polymers as a depleting agent, we demonstrate that a hierarchical unidimensional self-organization into crystalline clusters emerges progressively upon increasing depletion attraction and enhanced growth kinetics. We observe a polymorphic change proceeding from two-dimensional (2D) crystalline monolayers at weak depletion to one-dimensional (1D) columnar fibers at strong depletion, via the formation of smectic fibrils at intermediate depletion strength. A simple theory for reversible polymerization enables us to determine the typical bond energy between monomeric units making up the smectic fibrils. We also demonstrate that gentle flow-assistance can be used to template filament-like structures into highly aligned supported films. Our results showcase a generic bottom-up approach for tuning the morphology of crystalline superstructures through modification of the interaction between non-spherical building blocks. This provides a convenient pathway for controlling self-organization, dimensionality and structure-formation of anisotropic nanoparticles for use in nanotechnology and functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baeckkyoung Sung
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031, CNRS & Université de Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France.
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42
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43
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Hussain M, Chen M, Yang S, Wang GW. Palladium-Catalyzed Heteroannulation of Indole-1-carboxamides with [60]Fullerene and Subsequent Electrochemical Transformations. Org Lett 2019; 21:8568-8571. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Hussain
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Muqing Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shangfeng Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Guan-Wu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
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44
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Vittala SK, Saraswathi SK, Ramesan AB, Joseph J. Nanosheets and 2D-nanonetworks by mutually assisted self-assembly of fullerene clusters and DNA three-way junctions. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:4158-4165. [PMID: 36132094 PMCID: PMC9418933 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00485h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Programmable construction of two dimensional (2D) nanoarchitectures using short DNA strands is of utmost interest in the context of DNA nanotechnology. Previously, we have demonstrated fullerene-cluster assisted self-assembly of short oligonucleotide duplexes into micrometer long, semiconducting nanowires. This report demonstrates the construction of micrometer-sized nanosheets and 2D-nanonetworks from the mutual self-assembly of fullerene nanoclusters with three way junction DNA (3WJ-DNA) and 3WJ-DNA with a 12-mer overhang (3WJ-OH), respectively. The interaction of unique sized fullerene clusters prepared from an aniline appended fullerene derivative, F-An, with two 3WJ-DNAs, namely, 3WJ-20 and 3WJ-30, having 20 and 30 nucleobases, respectively at each strand was characterized using UV-visible absorption, circular dichroism and fluorescence techniques. The morphological characterization of nanosheets embedded with F-An clusters was performed via AFM, TEM and DLS analyses. The programmability and structural tunability of the resultant nanostructures were further demonstrated using 3WJ-OH containing a cytosine rich, single stranded DNA 12-mer overhang, which forms entangled 2D-nanonetwork structures instead of nanosheets due to the differential interaction of F-An nanoclusters with single and duplex strands of 3WJ-OH. Moreover, the selective modification of the cytosine rich sequence present in 3WJ-OH with silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) resulted in significant enhancement in silver nanocluster fluorescence (∼40%) compared to 3WJ-OH/AgNCs owing to the additional stability of AgNCs embedded in 2D nanostructures. This unique strategy of constructing DNA based 2D nanomaterials and their utilization in the integration of functional motifs could find application in the area of DNA nanotechnology and bio-molecular sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeepa Kulala Vittala
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) CSIR-NIIST Campus Thiruvananthapuram 695 019 India
| | - Sajena Kanangat Saraswathi
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) CSIR-NIIST Campus Thiruvananthapuram 695 019 India
| | - Anjali Bindu Ramesan
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) CSIR-NIIST Campus Thiruvananthapuram 695 019 India
| | - Joshy Joseph
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) CSIR-NIIST Campus Thiruvananthapuram 695 019 India
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45
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Ageev SV, Iurev GO, Podolsky NE, Rakipov IT, Vasina LV, Noskov BA, Akentiev AV, Charykov NA, Murin IV, Semenov KN. Density, speed of sound, viscosity, refractive index, surface tension and solubility of С60[C(COOH)2]3. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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46
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Hu S, Zhao P, Shen W, Yu P, Huang W, Ehara M, Xie Y, Akasaka T, Lu X. Crystallographic characterization of Er 3N@C 2n (2n = 80, 82, 84, 88): the importance of a planar Er 3N cluster. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:13415-13422. [PMID: 31276150 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr04330f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of Er-based nitride clusterfullerenes (NCFs), Er3N@C80-88, have been successfully synthesized and isolated. In particular, Er3N@Ih(7)-C80, Er3N@D5h(6)-C80, Er3N@C2v(9)-C82, Er3N@Cs(51365)-C84, and Er3N@D2(35)-C88 have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) for the first time. The planar configuration of the inserted Er3N cluster is identified unambiguously and the Er-N distances increase in accordance with cage expansion to maintain strong metal-cage interactions. Additionally, the electrochemical properties of the Er3N@C80-88 series are studied by means of cyclic voltammetry. It is found that the first reduction potentials are roughly similar for all compounds under study, while the first oxidation potentials are cathodically shifted along with the increase of the cage size in the Er3N@C2n (2n = 80, 84, 86, 88) series, leading to a decrease in the corresponding electrochemical band gaps. Nevertheless, for Er3N@C2v(9)-C82, a good electron donating ability is manifested by its relatively small first oxidation potential, which results from the relatively higher energy level of the highest occupied molecular orbital. The redox behaviors observed in such Er3N-based NCFs may promise their great potential applications in donor-acceptor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaifeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Pei Zhao
- Research Center for Computational Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
| | - Wangqiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Pengyuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Wenhuan Huang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Masahiro Ehara
- Research Center for Computational Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
| | - Yunpeng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Takeshi Akasaka
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Xing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Nakamura T, Tsukuda S, Nabeshima T. Double-Circularly Connected Saloph-Belt Macrocycles Generated from a Bis-Armed Bifunctional Monomer. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:6462-6467. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nakamura
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences and Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Tsukuda
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences and Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nabeshima
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences and Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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48
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Wang SP, Lin W, Wang X, Cen TY, Xie H, Huang J, Zhu BY, Zhang Z, Song A, Hao J, Wu J, Li S. Controllable hierarchical self-assembly of porphyrin-derived supra-amphiphiles. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1399. [PMID: 30923311 PMCID: PMC6438973 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09363-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Control of self-assembly is significant to the preparation of supramolecular materials and illustration of diversities in either natural or artificial systems. Supra-amphiphiles have remarkable advantages in the construction of nanostructures but control of shape and size of supramolecular nanostructures is still a great challenge. Here, we fabricate a series of supra-amphiphiles by utilizing the recognition motifs based on a heteroditopic porphyrin amphiphile and its zinc complex. These porphyrin amphiphiles can bind with a few guests including Cl-, coronene, C60, 4,4'-bipyridine and 2,4,6-tri(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,5-triazine, which are further applied to facilitate the controllable self-assembly. Addition of these guests result in the formation of various supra-amphiphiles with well-defined structures, thus induce the generation of different aggregates. A diverse of aggregation morphologies including nanospheres, nanorods, films, spheric micelles, vesicles and macrowires are constructed upon the influence of specific complexation, which highlights the present work with abundant control on the shapes and dimensions of self-assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ping Wang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Lin
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Tian-Yong Cen
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hujun Xie
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianying Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ben-Yue Zhu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zibin Zhang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Aixin Song
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China.
| | - Jing Wu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shijun Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
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Di Giosia M, Nicolini F, Ferrazzano L, Soldà A, Valle F, Cantelli A, Marforio TD, Bottoni A, Zerbetto F, Montalti M, Rapino S, Tolomelli A, Calvaresi M. Stable and Biocompatible Monodispersion of C 60 in Water by Peptides. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:808-814. [PMID: 30616344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The lack of solubility in water and the formation of aggregates hamper many opportunities for technological exploitation of C60. Here, different peptides were designed and synthesized with the aim of monomolecular dispersion of C60 in water. Phenylalanines were used as recognizing moieties, able to interact with C60 through π-π stacking, while a varying number of glycines were used as spacers, to connect the two terminal phenylalanines. The best performance in the dispersion of C60 was obtained with the FGGGF peptidic nanotweezer at a pH of 12. A full characterization of this adduct was carried out. The peptides disperse C60 in water with high efficiency, and the solutions are stable for months both in pure water and in physiological environments. NMR measurements demonstrated the ability of the peptides to interact with C60. AFM measurements showed that C60 is monodispersed. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry determined a stoichiometry of C60@(FGGGF)4. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that the peptides assemble around the C60 cage, like a candy in its paper wrapper, creating a supramolecular host able to accept C60 in the cavity. The peptide-wrapped C60 is fully biocompatible and the C60 "dark toxicity" is eliminated. C60@(FGGGF)4 shows visible light-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation at physiological saline concentrations and reduction of the HeLa cell viability in response to visible light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Di Giosia
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician" , Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna , Via Francesco Selmi, 2 - 40126 Bologna , Italy
| | - Federica Nicolini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician" , Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna , Via Francesco Selmi, 2 - 40126 Bologna , Italy
| | - Lucia Ferrazzano
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician" , Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna , Via Francesco Selmi, 2 - 40126 Bologna , Italy
| | - Alice Soldà
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician" , Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna , Via Francesco Selmi, 2 - 40126 Bologna , Italy
| | - Francesco Valle
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, ISMN-CNR , via Gobetti 101 , 40129 Bologna , Italy
| | - Andrea Cantelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician" , Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna , Via Francesco Selmi, 2 - 40126 Bologna , Italy
| | - Tainah Dorina Marforio
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician" , Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna , Via Francesco Selmi, 2 - 40126 Bologna , Italy
| | - Andrea Bottoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician" , Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna , Via Francesco Selmi, 2 - 40126 Bologna , Italy
| | - Francesco Zerbetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician" , Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna , Via Francesco Selmi, 2 - 40126 Bologna , Italy
| | - Marco Montalti
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician" , Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna , Via Francesco Selmi, 2 - 40126 Bologna , Italy
| | - Stefania Rapino
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician" , Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna , Via Francesco Selmi, 2 - 40126 Bologna , Italy
| | - Alessandra Tolomelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician" , Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna , Via Francesco Selmi, 2 - 40126 Bologna , Italy
| | - Matteo Calvaresi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician" , Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna , Via Francesco Selmi, 2 - 40126 Bologna , Italy
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50
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Self-Assembled Fullerene Crystals as Excellent Aromatic Vapor Sensors. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19020267. [PMID: 30641916 PMCID: PMC6359261 DOI: 10.3390/s19020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Here we report the aromatic vapor sensing performance of bitter melon shaped nanoporous fullerene C60 crystals that are self-assembled at a liquid-liquid interface between isopropyl alcohol and C60 solution in dodecylbenzene at 25 °C. Average length and center diameter of the crystals were ca. 10 μm and ~2 μm, respectively. Powder X-ray diffraction pattern (pXRD) confirmed a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure with cell dimension ca. a = 1.4272 nm, and V = 2.907 nm3, which is similar to that of the pristine fullerene C60. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the presence of a nanoporous structure. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) results showed that the bitter melon shaped nanoporous C60 performs as an excellent sensing system, particularly for aromatic vapors, due to their easy diffusion through the porous architecture and strong π–π interactions with the sp2-carbon.
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