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Çetinkaya S, Khamidov G, Özcan L, Palmisano L, Yurdakal S. Selective Photocatalytic Oxidation of Glycerol and 3-Pyridinemethanol by Nanotube/Nanowire-Structured TiO2 Powders Obtained by Breakdown Anodization. Front Chem 2022; 10:856947. [PMID: 35646812 PMCID: PMC9135064 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.856947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotube/nanowire-structured TiO2 was formed on the Ti surface by an anodic oxidation method performed at different potential values (50 or 60 V) and for different times (3 or 5 h). The TiO2 photocatalysts were taken in powder form using the ultrasonic treatment from the Ti electrodes, calcined at different temperatures, and characterized by XRD and SEM techniques, and BET surface area analyses. Both the crystallinity and the size of the primary TiO2 particles increased by increasing the heat treatment temperature. While all the photocatalysts heat treated up to 500°C were only in the anatase phase, the particles heat-treated at 700°C consisted of both anatase and rutile phases. The BET specific surface area of the samples decreased drastically after heat treatment of 700°C because of partial sinterization. SEM analyses indicated that the prepared materials were structured in both nanotubes and nanowires. They were tested as photocatalysts for the selective oxidation of glycerol and 3-pyridinemethanol under UVA irradiation in water at room temperature and ambient pressure. Glyceraldehyde, 1,3-dihydroxyacetone, and formic acid were determined as products in glycerol oxidation, while the products of 3-pyridinemethanol oxidation were 3-pyridinemethanal and vitamin B3. Non-nanotube/nanowire-structured commercial (Degussa P25 and Merck TiO2) photocatalysts were used for the sake of comparison. Low selectivity values towards the products obtained by partial oxidation were determined for glycerol. On the contrary, higher selectivity values towards the products were obtained (total 3-pyridinemethanal and vitamin B3 selectivity up to ca. 90%) for the photocatalytic oxidation of 3-pyridinemethanol. TiO2 photocatalysts must be highly crystalline (calcined at 700°C) for effective oxidation of glycerol, while for the selective oxidation of 3-pyridinemethanol it was not necessary to obtain a high crystallinity, and the optimal heat treatment temperature was 250°C. Glycerol and its oxidation products could more easily desorb from highly crystalline and less hydroxylated surfaces, which would justifies their higher activity. The prepared photocatalysts showed lower activity than Degussa P25, but a greater selectivity towards the products found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sıdıka Çetinkaya
- Kimya Bölümü, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Gofur Khamidov
- Kimya Bölümü, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Levent Özcan
- Biyomedikal Mühendisliği Bölümü, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Leonardo Palmisano
- Schiavello-Grillone Photocatalysis Group, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Ingegneria (DI), Palermo, Italy
| | - Sedat Yurdakal
- Kimya Bölümü, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
- *Correspondence: Sedat Yurdakal,
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2
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Selective Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol in the Aqueous Phase by TiO
2
‐Based Photocatalysts: A Review. Chem Eng Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202100321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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3
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Partial photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of 3-pyridinemethanol by Pt, Au and Pd loaded TiO2 nanotubes on Ti plate. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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4
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Mahmoud Y, Attia Y, Nazer HE, Solum E. An overview on recent development in visible light-mediated organic synthesis over heterogeneous photo-nanocatalysts. Curr Org Synth 2020; 18:23-36. [PMID: 33019933 DOI: 10.2174/1570179417666201005145103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of heterogeneous photo-nanocatalysts in organic syntheses has been investigated greatly in the last decade as a result of the increasing demand to achieve the organic reactions via the use of green approaches and through the availability of visible light source. Herein, the presented results describe the basic concepts and state-of-the-art of fundamental insight into key features that influence the catalytic performance in organic reactions to investigate and optimize a broad range of catalyzed organic transformations, that benefit the researchers in academia and chemical industry fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Mahmoud
- Photochemistry Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, P. O. 12622. Egypt
| | - Yasser Attia
- National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, 12613. Egypt
| | - Hossam El Nazer
- Photochemistry Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, P. O. 12622. Egypt
| | - Eirik Solum
- Faculty of Health Sciences, NORD University, 7800, Namsos. Norway
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5
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Fernandes RA, Sampaio MJ, Faria JL, Silva CG. Aqueous solution photocatalytic synthesis of p-anisaldehyde by using graphite-like carbon nitride photocatalysts obtained via the hard-templating route. RSC Adv 2020; 10:19431-19442. [PMID: 35515447 PMCID: PMC9054040 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02746d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphite-like carbon nitride (GCN)-based materials were developed via the hard-templating route, using dicyandiamide as the GCN precursor and silica templates. That resulted in urchin-like GCN (GCN-UL), 3D ordered macroporous GCN (GCN-OM) and mesoporous GCN (GCN-MP). The introduction of silica templates during GCN synthesis produced physical defects on its surface, as confirmed by SEM analysis, increasing their specific surface area. A high amount of nitrogen vacancies is present in modified catalysts (revealed by XPS measurements), which can be related to an increase in the reactive sites available to catalyse redox reactions. The textural and morphological modifications induced in GCN an enhanced light absorption capacity and reduced electron/hole recombination rate, contributing to its improved photocatalytic performance. In the photocatalytic conversion of p-anisyl alcohol to p-anisaldehyde in deoxygenated aqueous solutions under UV-LED irradiation, the GCN-UL was the best photocatalyst reaching 60% yield at 64% conversion for p-anisaldehyde production after 240 min of reaction. Under oxygenated conditions (air), the process efficiency was increased to 79% yield at 92% conversion only after 90 min reaction. The GCN-based photocatalyst kept its performance when using visible-LED radiation under air atmosphere. Trapping of photogenerated holes and radicals by selective scavengers showed that under deoxygenated conditions, holes played the primary role in the p-anisaldehyde synthesis. Under oxygenated conditions, the process is governed by the effect of reactive oxygen species, namely superoxide radicals, with a significant contribution from holes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel A Fernandes
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n 4200-465 Porto Portugal
| | - Maria J Sampaio
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n 4200-465 Porto Portugal
| | - Joaquim L Faria
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n 4200-465 Porto Portugal
| | - Cláudia G Silva
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n 4200-465 Porto Portugal
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6
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Yurdakal S, Çetinkaya S, Şarlak MB, Özcan L, Loddo V, Palmisano L. Photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of 3-pyridinemethanol to 3-pyridinemethanal and vitamin B 3 by TiO 2 nanotubes. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy01583c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the first photoelectrocatalytic 3-pyridinemethanol oxidation to 3-pyridinemethanal and vitamin B3 was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedat Yurdakal
- Kimya Bölümü
- Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi
- Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi
- 03200 Afyonkarahisar
- Turkey
| | - Sıdıka Çetinkaya
- Kimya Bölümü
- Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi
- Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi
- 03200 Afyonkarahisar
- Turkey
| | - Muhsine Beyza Şarlak
- Kimya Bölümü
- Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi
- Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi
- 03200 Afyonkarahisar
- Turkey
| | - Levent Özcan
- Biyomedikal Mühendisliği Bölümü
- Mühendislik Fakültesi
- Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi
- 03200 Afyonkarahisar
- Turkey
| | - Vittorio Loddo
- Schiavello-Grillone Photocatalysis Group
- Università degli Studi di Palermo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria (DI)
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Leonardo Palmisano
- Schiavello-Grillone Photocatalysis Group
- Università degli Studi di Palermo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria (DI)
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
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7
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Heggo D, Ookawara S, Ohno T, Nakai T, Matsushita Y, Eldin MG, Ohshima M. Photocatalytic Synthesis of
p
‐Anisaldehyde in a Mini Slurry‐Bubble Reactor under Solar Light Irradiation. CAN J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Heggo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Pilot PlantNational Research Centre 33 Elbuhouth St., Dokki Cairo 12622 Egypt
- Egypt‐Japan University of Science and Technology 179 New Borg El‐Arab Alexandria 21934 Egypt
- Department of Chemical Science and EngineeringTokyo Institute of Technology 2‐12‐1 S1‐26, O‐okayama, Meguro‐ku Tokyo 152‐8552 Japan
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKyoto University, Nishigyo‐Ku Kyoto 616‐8510 Japan
| | - Shinichi Ookawara
- Egypt‐Japan University of Science and Technology 179 New Borg El‐Arab Alexandria 21934 Egypt
- Department of Chemical Science and EngineeringTokyo Institute of Technology 2‐12‐1 S1‐26, O‐okayama, Meguro‐ku Tokyo 152‐8552 Japan
| | - Teruhisa Ohno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of EngineeringKyushu Institute of Technology 1‐1 Sensuicho, Tobata Kitakyushu 804‐8550 Japan
| | - Toru Nakai
- Corporate Research CenterR & D Headquarters, Daicel Corporation 1239, Shinzaike, Aboshi‐ku, Himeji‐shi Hyogo 671‐1283 Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Matsushita
- Egypt‐Japan University of Science and Technology 179 New Borg El‐Arab Alexandria 21934 Egypt
| | - Mona Gamal Eldin
- Egypt‐Japan University of Science and Technology 179 New Borg El‐Arab Alexandria 21934 Egypt
| | - Masahiro Ohshima
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKyoto University, Nishigyo‐Ku Kyoto 616‐8510 Japan
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8
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Parrino F, Bellardita M, García-López EI, Marcì G, Loddo V, Palmisano L. Heterogeneous Photocatalysis for Selective Formation of High-Value-Added Molecules: Some Chemical and Engineering Aspects. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Parrino
- “Schiavello-Grillone” Photocatalysis Group, University of Palermo, Department of Energy, Information Engineering and Mathematical Models (DEIM), Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - M. Bellardita
- “Schiavello-Grillone” Photocatalysis Group, University of Palermo, Department of Energy, Information Engineering and Mathematical Models (DEIM), Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - E. I. García-López
- “Schiavello-Grillone” Photocatalysis Group, University of Palermo, Department of Energy, Information Engineering and Mathematical Models (DEIM), Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - G. Marcì
- “Schiavello-Grillone” Photocatalysis Group, University of Palermo, Department of Energy, Information Engineering and Mathematical Models (DEIM), Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - V. Loddo
- “Schiavello-Grillone” Photocatalysis Group, University of Palermo, Department of Energy, Information Engineering and Mathematical Models (DEIM), Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - L. Palmisano
- “Schiavello-Grillone” Photocatalysis Group, University of Palermo, Department of Energy, Information Engineering and Mathematical Models (DEIM), Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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9
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Abstract
Fulfilling the direct inert C–H bond functionalization of raw materials that are earth-abundant and commercially available for the synthesis of diverse targeted organic compounds is very desirable and its implementation would mean a great reduction of the synthetic steps required for substrate prefunctionalization such as halogenation, borylation, and metalation. Successful C–H bond functionalization mainly resorts to homogeneous transition-metal catalysis, albeit sometimes suffering from poor catalyst reusability, nontrivial separation, and severe biotoxicity. TiO2 photocatalysis displays multifaceted advantages, such as strong oxidizing ability, high chemical stability and photostability, excellent reusability, and low biotoxicity. The chemical reactions started and delivered by TiO2 photocatalysts are well known to be widely used in photocatalytic water-splitting, organic pollutant degradation, and dye-sensitized solar cells. Recently, TiO2 photocatalysis has been demonstrated to possess the unanticipated ability to trigger the transformation of inert C–H bonds for C–C, C–N, C–O, and C–X bond formation under ultraviolet light, sunlight, and even visible-light irradiation at room temperature. A few important organic products, traditionally synthesized in harsh reaction conditions and with specially functionalized group substrates, are continuously reported to be realized by TiO2 photocatalysis with simple starting materials under very mild conditions. This prominent advantage—the capability of utilizing cheap and readily available compounds for highly selective synthesis without prefunctionalized reactants such as organic halides, boronates, silanes, etc.—is attributed to the overwhelmingly powerful photo-induced hole reactivity of TiO2 photocatalysis, which does not require an elevated reaction temperature as in conventional transition-metal catalysis. Such a reaction mechanism, under typically mild conditions, is apparently different from traditional transition-metal catalysis and beyond our insights into the driving forces that transform the C–H bond for C–C bond coupling reactions. This review gives a summary of the recent progress of TiO2 photocatalytic C–H bond activation for C–C coupling reactions and discusses some model examples, especially under visible-light irradiation.
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10
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11
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Yurdakal S, Tek BS, Değirmenci Ç, Palmisano G. Selective photocatalytic oxidation of aromatic alcohols in solar-irradiated aqueous suspensions of Pt, Au, Pd and Ag loaded TiO 2 catalysts. Catal Today 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2016.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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12
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Kou J, Lu C, Wang J, Chen Y, Xu Z, Varma RS. Selectivity Enhancement in Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Transformations. Chem Rev 2017; 117:1445-1514. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 511] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rajender S. Varma
- Regional
Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science,
Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů
11, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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13
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Heggo D, Mohamed H, Ookawara S, Matsushita Y. Process Intensification of Photocatalytic p-Anisaldehyde Synthesis by Using Mini Batch Reactor and UV-LED. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 2016. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.15we042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Heggo
- Department of Chemical and Petrochemical Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology
| | - Haitham Mohamed
- Department of Chemical and Petrochemical Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology
| | - Shinichi Ookawara
- Department of Chemical and Petrochemical Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Yoshihisa Matsushita
- Department of Chemical and Petrochemical Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology
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14
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Augugliaro V, Camera-Roda G, Loddo V, Palmisano G, Palmisano L, Soria J, Yurdakal S. Heterogeneous Photocatalysis and Photoelectrocatalysis: From Unselective Abatement of Noxious Species to Selective Production of High-Value Chemicals. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:1968-81. [PMID: 26263277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis have been considered as oxidation technologies to abate unselectively noxious species. This article focuses instead on the utilization of these methods for selective syntheses of organic molecules. Some promising reactions have been reported in the presence of various TiO2 samples and the important role played by the amorphous phase has been discussed. The low solubility of most of the organic compounds in water limits the utilization of photocatalysis. Dimethyl carbonate has been proposed as an alternative green organic solvent. The recovery of the products by coupling photocatalysis with pervaporation membrane technology seems to be a solution for future industrial applications. As far as photoelectrocatalysis is concerned, a decrease in recombination of the photogenerated pairs occurs, enhancing the rate of the oxidation reactions and the quantum yield. Another benefit is to avoid reaction(s) between the intermediates and the substrate, as anodic and cathodic reactions take place in different places.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Augugliaro
- †"Schiavello-Grillone" Photocatalysis Group, Dipartimento di Energia, ingegneria dell'Informazione e modelli Matematici (DEIM), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Camera-Roda
- ‡Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali (DICAM), University of Bologna, via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vittorio Loddo
- †"Schiavello-Grillone" Photocatalysis Group, Dipartimento di Energia, ingegneria dell'Informazione e modelli Matematici (DEIM), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Palmisano
- §Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Institute Center for Water and Environment (iWater), Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, PO Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Leonardo Palmisano
- †"Schiavello-Grillone" Photocatalysis Group, Dipartimento di Energia, ingegneria dell'Informazione e modelli Matematici (DEIM), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Javier Soria
- ∥Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), C/Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sedat Yurdakal
- ⊥Kimya Bölümü, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Ahmet Necdet Sezer Kampüsü, 03200 Afyon, Turkey
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15
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Abdollahi Kakroudi M, Kazemi F, Kaboudin B. Highly efficient photodeoximation under green and blue LEDs catalyzed by mesoporous CN codoped nano TiO2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2014.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Guarisco C, Palmisano G, Calogero G, Ciriminna R, Di Marco G, Loddo V, Pagliaro M, Parrino F. Visible-light driven oxidation of gaseous aliphatic alcohols to the corresponding carbonyls via TiO2 sensitized by a perylene derivative. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:11135-11141. [PMID: 24469771 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2546-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Sensitized P25 TiO2 was prepared by wet impregnation with a home-prepared perylene dye, i.e., N,N'-bis(2-(1-piperazino)ethyl)-3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic acid diimide dichloride (PZPER). Energy levels of PZPER were found to be compatible with those of TiO2 allowing fast electron transfer. The obtained catalyst has been characterized and used in the gas-phase partial oxidation of aliphatic primary and secondary alcohols, i.e., methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol. The reaction was carried out under cut-off (λ > 400 nm) simulated solar radiation in O2 atmosphere. The perylene derivative allowed a good absorbance of visible radiation thanks to its low optical energy gap (2.6 eV) which was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry. The optimal organic sensitizing amount was found to be 5.6 % w/w in terms of yield in carbonyl derivatives. Moreover, no change in reactivity/selectivity was observed after 10-h irradiation thus confirming the catalyst stability. Yields into formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acetone were 67, 70, and 96 %, respectively. No significant amounts of organic byproducts were detected but for methanol oxidation, whereas a minor amount of the substrate degraded to CO2.
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17
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Gomathi Devi L, Kavitha R. Review on modified N–TiO2 for green energy applications under UV/visible light: selected results and reaction mechanisms. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03291h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Modifications of the activity, band structure, morphology, optical and electronic properties of N–TiO2 for energy and environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Gomathi Devi
- Department of Post Graduate Studies in Chemistry
- Bangalore University
- Bangalore-560001, India
| | - R. Kavitha
- Department of Post Graduate Studies in Chemistry
- Bangalore University
- Bangalore-560001, India
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18
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Kakroudi MA, Kazemi F, Kaboudin B. β-Cyclodextrin–TiO2: Green Nest for reduction of nitroaromatic compounds. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08059a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly efficient, eco-friendly and selective photocatalytic reduction of the nitro group into amines and one-pot N-acylation and N-formylation are reported through the ‘Green Nest’ system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Foad Kazemi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- , Iran
- Center for Climate and Global Warming (CCGW)
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
| | - Babak Kaboudin
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- , Iran
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19
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Muñoz-Batista MJ, Gómez-Cerezo MN, Kubacka A, Tudela D, Fernández-García M. Role of Interface Contact in CeO2–TiO2 Photocatalytic Composite Materials. ACS Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/cs400878b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - María Natividad Gómez-Cerezo
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, C/Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de
Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Kubacka
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, C/Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Tudela
- Departamento de
Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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20
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Zhang Z, Luo Z, Yang Z, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Wang X, Fu X. Band-gap tuning of N-doped TiO2 photocatalysts for visible-light-driven selective oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes in water. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40518d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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