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Tharmatt A, Chhina A, Saini M, Trehan K, Singh S, Bedi N. Novel Therapeutics Involving Antibiotic Polymer Conjugates for Treating Various Ailments: A Review. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2022; 20:137-148. [DOI: 10.1089/adt.2022.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Tharmatt
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Aashveen Chhina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Muskaan Saini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Karan Trehan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Sahilpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Neena Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Tortajada L, Felip C, Vicent MJ. Polymer-based Non-viral Vectors for Gene Therapy in the Skin. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01485d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy has emerged as a versatile technique with the potential to treat a range of human diseases; however, examples of the topical application of gene therapy as a treatment...
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Wang Z, Xue Y, Chen T, Du Q, Zhu Z, Wang Y, Wu Y, Zeng Q, Shen C, Jiang C, Yang Z, Zhu H, Liu L, Liu Q. Glycyrrhiza acid micelles loaded with licochalcone A for topical delivery: Co-penetration and anti-melanogenic effect. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 167:106029. [PMID: 34601069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.106029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The co-penetration of micellar vehicles and the encapsulated drugs into the skin layers, as well as the mechanisms underlying the penetration enhancement have not been clearly elucidated. We developed licochalcone A (LA)-loaded glycyrrhiza acid (GA) (GA+LA) micelles for topical delivery of LA into the epidermis. The in vitro co-penetration, penetration pathways, mechanism of interaction between skin and the micelles, and the in vitro and in vivo whitening effect of GA+LA micelles were evaluated. Co-penetration and penetration pathways were visualized on the abdominal skin of rats model with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) using a nile blue A-labeled GA (GA-NB). We found that GA significantly increased the transport of LA into the skin predominantly via the hair follicles and GA mainly accumulated in the SC and epidermis, while LA was localized in the epidermis and dermis. Moreover, 73.4% of the LA deposited into the epidermis within 12 h and approximately 9.32% of the LA permeated across the SC in the form of entire micelles within 24 h. GA-NB+LA micelles disaggregated and accumulated in the specific skin layers, and the LA released from the carrier penetrated into deeper layers. Moreover, the GA+LA micelles promoted drug penetration via intracellular or intercellular routes by loosening the skin surface and enhancing fluidization through lipid distortion and keratin denaturation. Furthermore, GA+LA micelles exhibited synergistic whitening effect on B16 cells and UVB-exposed C57BL/6 mice. Collectively, GA micelles can enhance penetration of LA to the epidermis mainly via the hair follicles following topical application, and reduce skin pigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuxian Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yaqi Xue
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qunqun Du
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhaoming Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yufang Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Quanfu Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chunyan Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Cuiping Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhijun Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Hiranphinyophat S, Otaka A, Fujii S, Iwasaki Y. Lanoconazole-loaded emulsion stabilized with cellulose nanocrystals decorated with polyphosphoesters reduced inflammatory edema in a mouse model. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00548-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zhang Y, Yu J, Kahkoska AR, Wang J, Buse JB, Gu Z. Advances in transdermal insulin delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 139:51-70. [PMID: 30528729 PMCID: PMC6556146 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Insulin therapy is necessary to regulate blood glucose levels for people with type 1 diabetes and commonly used in advanced type 2 diabetes. Although subcutaneous insulin administration via hypodermic injection or pump-mediated infusion is the standard route of insulin delivery, it may be associated with pain, needle phobia, and decreased adherence, as well as the risk of infection. Therefore, transdermal insulin delivery has been widely investigated as an attractive alternative to subcutaneous approaches for diabetes management in recent years. Transdermal systems designed to prevent insulin degradation and offer controlled, sustained release of insulin may be desirable for patients and lead to increased adherence and glycemic outcomes. A challenge for transdermal insulin delivery is the inefficient passive insulin absorption through the skin due to the large molecular weight of the protein drug. In this review, we focus on the different transdermal insulin delivery techniques and their respective advantages and limitations, including chemical enhancers-promoted, electrically enhanced, mechanical force-triggered, and microneedle-assisted methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Jicheng Yu
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Anna R Kahkoska
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jinqiang Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - John B Buse
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Zhen Gu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; California NanoSystems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Zhou F, Xu H, Song Z, Zhu L, Feng S, Feng R. α-Linolenic acid-modified pluronic 127-CS copolymeric micelles for the skin targeted delivery of amphotericin B. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj03847c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an α-linolenic acid modified pluronic F127-block-chitosan (F127-(CS-LNA)2) copolymer was synthesized to prepare topical amphotericin B (AMB)-loaded micelles (AMB-M) via a dialysis technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Zhou
- School of Biological Science and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- School of Biological Science and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
| | - Zhimei Song
- School of Biological Science and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
| | - Li Zhu
- School of Biological Science and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
| | - Sijia Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Dali University
- Dali 671000
- P. R. China
| | - Runliang Feng
- School of Biological Science and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
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Kahraman E, Neşetoğlu N, Güngör S, Ünal DŞ, Özsoy Y. The combination of nanomicelles with terpenes for enhancement of skin drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2018; 551:133-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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8
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The integration of triggered drug delivery with real time quantification using FRET; creating a super ‘smart’ drug delivery system. J Control Release 2017; 264:136-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Martinez CS, Igartúa DE, Calienni MN, Feas DA, Siri M, Montanari J, Chiaramoni NS, Alonso SDV, Prieto MJ. Relation between biophysical properties of nanostructures and their toxicity on zebrafish. Biophys Rev 2017; 9:775-791. [PMID: 28884420 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-017-0294-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the use of commercial nanoparticles in different industry and health fields has increased exponentially. However, the uncontrolled application of nanoparticles might present a potential risk to the environment and health. Toxicity of these nanoparticles is usually evaluated by a fast screening assay in zebrafish (Danio rerio). The use of this vertebrate animal model has grown due to its small size, great adaptability, high fertilization rate and fast external development of transparent embryos. In this review, we describe the toxicity of different micro- and nanoparticles (carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, emulsions, liposomes, metal nanoparticles, and solid lipid nanoparticles) associated to their biophysical properties using this model. The main biophysical properties studied are size, charge and surface potential due to their impact on the environment and health effects. The review also discusses the correlation of the effects of the different nanoparticles on zebrafish. Special focus is made on morphological abnormalities, altered development and abnormal behavior. The last part of the review debates changes that should be made in future directions in order to improve the use of the zebrafish model to assess nanotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Martinez
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas LBM-GBEyB-IMBICE-CONICET, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D E Igartúa
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas LBM-GBEyB-IMBICE-CONICET, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M N Calienni
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas LBM-GBEyB-IMBICE-CONICET, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D A Feas
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas LBM-GBEyB-IMBICE-CONICET, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Siri
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas LBM-GBEyB-IMBICE-CONICET, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J Montanari
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas LBM-GBEyB-IMBICE-CONICET, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N S Chiaramoni
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas LBM-GBEyB-IMBICE-CONICET, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S Del V Alonso
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas LBM-GBEyB-IMBICE-CONICET, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - M J Prieto
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas LBM-GBEyB-IMBICE-CONICET, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Šmejkalová D, Muthný T, Nešporová K, Hermannová M, Achbergerová E, Huerta-Angeles G, Svoboda M, Čepa M, Machalová V, Luptáková D, Velebný V. Hyaluronan polymeric micelles for topical drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 156:86-96. [PMID: 27842856 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanosized materials offer promising strategy for topical drug delivery due to their enhancing effect on drug percutaneous transport across the stratum corneum barrier. In this work, polymeric micelles made from hydrophobized hyaluronic acid (HA) were probed for skin delivery. Compared to non-polymeric micelle solutions containing similar drug amount, in vitro skin penetration analysis indicated 3 times larger deposition of drug in the epidermis and 6 times larger drug deposition in the dermis after 5h of topical treatment in Franz diffusion cells. The drug deposition was further increased with prolonged time of topical treatment. Laser confocal microscopy revealed the accumulation of both, the HA forming the vehicle and the payload, in the epidermis and dermis. Although fluorescent labeling of the HA would suggest co-transport of the HA and the drug, loading FRET pair dyes in the micellar core clearly demonstrated gradual micelle disruption with increasing skin depth. Transcellular penetration was the predominant pathway for the loaded drug. The HA polymeric micelles also demonstrated increased bioactivity of loaded compound in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the loaded micelles were found to be stable in cream formulations and thus they have great potential for topical applications for cosmetic and pharmaceutical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kristina Nešporová
- Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic; Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Eva Achbergerová
- Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic; Faculty of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Zlín, Czech Republic
| | | | - Marek Svoboda
- Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic; Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical-Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Čepa
- Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic
| | | | - Dominika Luptáková
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, BioMed Martin, Slovakia
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Bugno J, Hsu HJ, Hong S. Recent advances in targeted drug delivery approaches using dendritic polymers. Biomater Sci 2015; 3:1025-34. [PMID: 26221937 PMCID: PMC4519693 DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00351a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Since they were first synthesized over 30 years ago, dendrimers have seen rapid translation into various biomedical applications. A number of reports have not only demonstrated their clinical utility, but also revealed novel design approaches and strategies based on the elucidation of underlying mechanisms governing their biological interactions. This review focuses on presenting the latest advances in dendrimer design, discussing the current mechanistic understandings, and highlighting recent developments and targeted approaches using dendrimers in drug/gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Bugno
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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Prieto SP, Powless AJ, Boice JW, Sharma SG, Muldoon TJ. Proflavine Hemisulfate as a Fluorescent Contrast Agent for Point-of-Care Cytology. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125598. [PMID: 25962131 PMCID: PMC4427403 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Proflavine hemisulfate, an acridine-derived fluorescent dye, can be used as a rapid stain for cytologic examination of biological specimens. Proflavine fluorescently stains cell nuclei and cytoplasmic structures, owing to its small amphipathic structure and ability to intercalate DNA. In this manuscript, we demonstrated the use of proflavine as a rapid cytologic dye on a number of specimens, including normal exfoliated oral squamous cells, cultured human oral squamous carcinoma cells, and leukocytes derived from whole blood specimens using a custom-built, portable, LED-illuminated fluorescence microscope. No incubation time was needed after suspending cells in 0.01% (w/v) proflavine diluted in saline. Images of proflavine stained oral cells had clearly visible nuclei as well as granular cytoplasm, while stained leukocytes exhibited bright nuclei, and highlighted the multilobar nature of nuclei in neutrophils. We also demonstrated the utility of quantitative analysis of digital images of proflavine stained cells, which can be used to detect significant morphological differences between different cell types. Proflavine stained oral cells have well-defined nuclei and cell membranes which allowed for quantitative analysis of nuclear to cytoplasmic ratios, as well as image texture analysis to extract quantitative image features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra P. Prieto
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States of America
| | - Amy J. Powless
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States of America
| | - Jackson W. Boice
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States of America
| | - Shree G. Sharma
- 10810 Executive Center Dr., Nephropath Ste. 100, Little Rock, Arkansas 72211, United States of America
| | - Timothy J. Muldoon
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States of America
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Pang X, Yang X, Zhai G. Polymer-drug conjugates: recent progress on administration routes. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 11:1075-86. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.912779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Tao W, Zeng X, Zhang J, Zhu H, Chang D, Zhang X, Gao Y, Tang J, Huang L, Mei L. Synthesis of cholic acid-core poly(ε-caprolactone-ran-lactide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) 1000 random copolymer as a chemotherapeutic nanocarrier for liver cancer treatment. Biomater Sci 2014; 2:1262-1274. [DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00134f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
DTX-loaded CA-(PCL-ran-PLA)-b-PEG1k NPs were prepared and shown great potential as drug delivery nanocarriers for cancer therapy.
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Lu W, Lu ML, Zhang QP, Tian YQ, Zhang ZX, Xu HH. Octahydrogenated retinoic acid-conjugated glycol chitosan nanoparticles as a novel carrier of azadirachtin: Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro
evaluation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Meng-Ling Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Qing-Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
- Laboratory of Insect Toxicology, South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Yong-Qing Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
- Laboratory of Insect Toxicology, South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Han-Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
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