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Zamanian MY, Soltani A, Khodarahmi Z, Alameri AA, Alwan AMR, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Obaid RF, Abosaooda M, Heidari M, Golmohammadi M, Anoush M. Targeting Nrf2 signaling pathway by quercetin in the prevention and treatment of neurological disorders: An overview and update on new developments. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:1050-1064. [PMID: 37259891 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological disorders (NLDs) are widely acknowledged as a significant public health concern worldwide. Stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are three of these disorders that have sparked major study attention. Neurological dysfunction, protein buildup, oxidation and neuronal injury, and aberrant mitochondria are all prevalent neuropathological hallmarks of these disorders. The signaling cascade of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) shares all of them as a common target. Several studies have found that overexpression of Nrf2 is a promising treatment method in NLDs. Effective treatment of these disorders continues to be a universal concern regardless of various medicines. In order to treat a variety of neurological problems, organic remedies may provide an alternative treatment. It has been demonstrated that polyphenols like quercetin (Que) offer considerable capabilities for treating NLDs. One of Que's greatest key targets, Nrf2, has the capacity to control the production of a number of cytoprotective enzymes that exhibit neuroprotective, detoxifying, and antioxidative effects. Additionally, Que enhanced the expression of Nrf2 and inhibited alterations in the shape and death of neurons in the hippocampus. OBJECTIVE In this review, we have focused on Que's medicinal prospects as a neuroprotective drug. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were used to search articles for this study. RESULTS The findings of this research demonstrate that (1) Que protected the blood-brain barrier via stimulating Nrf2 in animal stroke, which alleviated ischemic reperfusion and motor dysfunction. (2) By triggering the Nrf2 pathway, Que reduced the neuroinflammation and oxidative damage brought on by TBI in the cortex. (3) In an experimental model of AD, Que enhanced cognitive function by decreasing A1-4, antioxidant activity, and Nrf2 levels in the brain. CONCLUSION We discuss recent research on Que-mediated Nrf2 expression in the management of several NLDs in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yasin Zamanian
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Soltani
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Khodarahmi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Athemar M R Alwan
- Department of Radiological Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Doctorate in Psychology, University of Palermo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Munther Abosaooda
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mahsa Heidari
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Golmohammadi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Anoush
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Egbuna C, Patrick‐Iwuanyanwu KC, Onyeike EN, Khan J, Palai S, Patel SB, Parmar VK, Kushwaha G, Singh O, Jeevanandam J, Kumarasamy S, Uche CZ, Narayanan M, Rudrapal M, Odoh U, Chikeokwu I, Găman M, Saravanan K, Ifemeje JC, Ezzat SM, Olisah MC, Chikwendu CJ, Adedokun KA, Imodoye SO, Bello IO, Twinomuhwezi H, Awuchi CG. Phytochemicals and bioactive compounds effective against acute myeloid leukemia: A systematic review. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:4191-4210. [PMID: 37457145 PMCID: PMC10345688 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review identified various bioactive compounds which have the potential to serve as novel drugs or leads against acute myeloid leukemia. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematopoietic malignancy that arises from the dysregulation of cell differentiation, proliferation, and cell death. The risk factors associated with the onset of AML include long-term exposure to radiation and chemicals such as benzene, smoking, genetic disorders, blood disorders, advancement in age, and others. Although novel strategies to manage AML, including a refinement of the conventional chemotherapy regimens, hypomethylating agents, and molecular targeted drugs, have been developed in recent years, resistance and relapse remain the main clinical problems. In this study, three databases, PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, were systematically searched to identify various bioactive compounds with antileukemic properties. A total of 518 articles were identified, out of which 59 were viewed as eligible for the current report. From the data extracted, over 60 bioactive compounds were identified and divided into five major groups: flavonoids, alkaloids, organosulfur compounds, terpenes, and terpenoids, and other known and emerging bioactive compounds. The mechanism of actions of the analyzed individual bioactive molecules differs remarkably and includes disrupting chromatin structure, upregulating the synthesis of certain DNA repair proteins, inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibiting/regulating Hsp90 activities, DNA methyltransferase 1, and histone deacetylase 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwuebuka Egbuna
- Africa Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE‐PUTOR)University of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural SciencesChukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu UniversityAnambraNigeria
| | - Kingsley C. Patrick‐Iwuanyanwu
- Africa Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE‐PUTOR)University of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria
| | - Eugene N. Onyeike
- Africa Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE‐PUTOR)University of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria
| | - Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl MajmaahSaudi Arabia
| | - Santwana Palai
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal HusbandryOUATOdishaBhubaneswarIndia
| | - Sandip B. Patel
- Department of PharmacologyL.M. College of Pharmacy, NavrangpuraAhmedabadIndia
| | | | - Garima Kushwaha
- Department of BiotechnologyIndian Institute of TechnologyRoorkeeIndia
| | - Omkar Singh
- Department of Chemical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology MadrasChennaiIndia
| | - Jaison Jeevanandam
- CQM—Centro de Química da MadeiraUniversidade da Madeira, Campus da PenteadaFunchalPortugal
| | | | - Chukwuemelie Zedech Uche
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of NigeriaEnuguNsukkaNigeria
| | - Mathiyazhagan Narayanan
- Division of Research and InnovationDepartment of Biotecnology, Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATSTamil NaduChennaiIndia
| | - Mithun Rudrapal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical SciencesVignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & ResearchGunturIndia
| | - Uchenna Odoh
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Environmental Medicines, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of NigeriaNsukkaNigeria
| | - Ikenna Chikeokwu
- Department of PharmacognosyEnugu State University of Science and Technology (ESUT)Agbani Enugu StateEnuguNigeria
| | - Mihnea‐Alexandru Găman
- Faculty of Medicine"Carol Davila" University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
- Department of HematologyCenter of Hematology and Bone Marrow TransplantationBucharestRomania
| | - Kaliyaperumal Saravanan
- PG and Research Department of ZoologyNehru Memorial College (Autonomous), Puthanampatti (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University)Tamil NaduTiruchirappalliIndia
| | - Jonathan C. Ifemeje
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural SciencesChukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu UniversityAnambraNigeria
| | - Shahira M. Ezzat
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of PharmacyCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of PharmacyOctober University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA)GizaEgypt
| | - Michael C. Olisah
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesChukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli CampusAnambraNigeria
| | - Chukwudi Jude Chikwendu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural SciencesChukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu UniversityAnambraNigeria
| | - Kamoru A. Adedokun
- Department of ImmunologyRoswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterNew YorkBuffaloUSA
| | - Sikiru O. Imodoye
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahUtahSalt Lake CityUSA
| | - Ibrahim O. Bello
- Department of Biological SciencesSouthern Illinois University EdwardsvilleIllinoisEdwardsvilleUSA
| | - Hannington Twinomuhwezi
- Department of ChemistryKyambogo University, KyambogoKampalaUganda
- School of Natural and Applied SciencesKampala International UniversityKampalaUganda
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Pradhan B, Bhuyan PP, Ki JS. Immunomodulatory, Antioxidant, Anticancer, and Pharmacokinetic Activity of Ulvan, a Seaweed-Derived Sulfated Polysaccharide: An Updated Comprehensive Review. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21050300. [PMID: 37233494 DOI: 10.3390/md21050300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most worldwide spread diseases and causes maximum death. Treatment of cancer depends on the host immune system and the type of drugs. The inefficiency of conventional cancer treatments as a result of drug resistance, nontargeted delivery, and chemotherapy-related negative side effects has caused bioactive phytochemicals to come into focus. As a result, recent years have seen an increase in research into screening and identifying natural compounds with anticancer properties. Recent studies on the isolation and use of polysaccharides derived from various marine algal species have revealed a variety of biological activities, including antioxidant and anticancer properties. Ulvan is a polysaccharide derived from various green seaweeds of the Ulva species in the family Ulvaceae. It has been demonstrated to have potent anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties through the modulation of antioxidants. It is vital to understand the mechanisms underlying the biotherapeutic activities of Ulvan in cancer and its role in immunomodulation. In this context, we reviewed the anticancer effects of ulvan based on its apoptotic effects and immunomodulatory activity. Additionally, we also focused on its pharmacokinetic studies in this review. Ulvan is the most conceivable candidate for use as a cancer therapeutic agent and could be used to boost immunity. Moreover, it may be established as an anticancer drug once its mechanisms of action are understood. Due to its high food and nutritive values, it can be used as a possible dietary supplement for cancer patients in the near future. This review may provide fresh perspectives on the potential novel role of ulvan, reveal a brand-new cancer-prevention strategy, and improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajita Pradhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, AIPH University, Bhubaneswar 752101, Odisha, India
| | - Prajna Paramita Bhuyan
- Department of Botany, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Baripada 757003, Odisha, India
| | - Jang-Seu Ki
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
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Bayazid AB, Lim BO. Quercetin Is An Active Agent in Berries against Neurodegenerative Diseases Progression through Modulation of Nrf2/HO1. Nutrients 2022; 14:5132. [PMID: 36501161 PMCID: PMC9737775 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Berries are well-known fruits for their antioxidant effects due to their high content of flavonoids, and quercetin is one of the potent bioactive flavonoids. Although oxidative stress is an inevitable outcome in cells due to energy uptake and metabolism and other factors, excessive oxidative stress is considered a pivotal mediator for the cell death and leads to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Furthermore, oxidative stress triggers inflammation that leads to neuronal cell loss. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and so on are the main neurodegenerative diseases. Hence, AD and PD are the most affected NDDs and cause the most lethality without any effective cure. Since AD and PD are the most common NDDs, therefore, in this study, we will describe the effect of oxidative stress on AD and PD. Targeting oxidative stress could be a very effective way to prevent and cure NDDs. Thus, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO1) are potent endogenous antioxidant modulatory pathways, which also show cytoprotective activities. Modulation of Nrf2/HO1 signaling pathways through a biological approach could be an effective way to treat with NDDs. Quercetin is a natural polyphenol, which protects neurodegeneration, remarkably by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation. Thus, quercetin could be a very effective agent against NDDs. We will discuss the benefits and challenges of quercetin to treat against NDDs, focusing on molecular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al Borhan Bayazid
- Medicinal Biosciences, Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Beong Ou Lim
- Medicinal Biosciences, Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
- Human Bioscience Corporate R&D Center, Human Bioscience Corp. 268 Chungwondaero, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
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Pourhossein Alamdary M, Baharfar R, Tavakoli S. Isolation of Secondary Metabolites from Pulicaria gnaphalodes (Vent.) Boiss. and Evaluation of Their anti-Proliferative Activity. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2149933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Robabeh Baharfar
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
| | - Saeed Tavakoli
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
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Li Z, Deng H, Guo X, Yan S, Lu C, Zhao Z, Feng X, Li Q, Wang J, Zeng J, Ma X. Effective dose/duration of natural flavonoid quercetin for treatment of diabetic nephropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of rodent data. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 105:154348. [PMID: 35908521 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the challenges on diabetic nephropathy (DN) treatment, research has been carried out progressively focusing on dietary nutrition and natural products as a novel option with the objective of enhancing curative effect and avoiding adverse reactions. As a representative, Quercetin (Qu) has proved to be of great value in current data. PURPOSE We aimed to synthetize the evidence regarding the therapeutic effect and specific mechanism of quercetin on DN via systematically reviewing and performing meta-analysis. METHODS Preclinical literature published prior to August 2021, was systematical retrieval and manually filtrated across four major databases including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE and Cochrane library. Pooled overall effect sizes of results were generated by STATA 16.0, and underlying mechanisms were summarized. Three-dimensional dose/time-effect analyses and radar maps were conducted to examine the dosage/time-response relations between Qu and DN. RESULTS This paper pools all current available evidence in a comprehensive way, and shows the therapeutic benefits as well as potential action mechanisms of Qu in protecting the kidney against damage. A total of 304 potentially relevant citations were identified, of which 18 studies were enrolled into analysis. Methodological quality was calculated, resulting in an average score of 7.06/10. This paper provided the preliminary evidence that consumption of Qu could induce a statistical reduction in mesangial index, Scr, BUN, 24-h urinary protein, serum urea, BG, kidney index, TC, TG, LDL-C, AST, MDA, AGE, TNF-α, TGF-β1, TGF-β1 mRNA, CTGF and IL-1β, whereas HDL-C, SOD, GSH, GSH-Px, CAT and smad-7 were significantly increased. Furthermore, Qu could remarkably improve the renal pathology. In terms of the mechanisms underlying therapy of DN, Qu exerts anti-diabetic nephropathy properties possibly through PI3K/PKB, AMPK-P38 MAPK, SCAP/SREBP2/LDLr, mtROS-TRX/TXNIP/NLRP3/IL-1β, TGF-β1/Smad, Nrf2/HO-1, Hippo, mTORC1/p70S6K and SHH pathways. Dose/time-response images predicted a modest association between Qu dosage consumption/administration length and therapeutic efficacy, with the optimal dosage at 90-150 mg/kg/d and administration length ranging from 8 weeks to 12 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Quercetin exhibit highly pleiotropic actions, which simultaneously contributes to prevent fundamental progression of DN, such as hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, inflammation, fibrotic lesions and oxidative stress. The therapeutic effect becomes stronger when Qu administration at higher dosages lasts for longer durations. Taken together, quercetin could be used in patients with DN as a promising agent, which has well-established safety profiles and nontoxicity according to existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Haichuan Deng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Xiaochuan Guo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Sining Yan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Chaorui Lu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Zewei Zhao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Xinyu Feng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Qihong Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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The Targeting of Noncoding RNAs by Quercetin in Cancer Prevention and Therapy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4330681. [PMID: 35656022 PMCID: PMC9155922 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4330681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The dietary flavonoid quercetin is ubiquitously distributed in fruits, vegetables, and medicinal herbs. Quercetin has been a focal point in recent years due to its versatile health-promoting benefits and high pharmacological values. It has well documented that quercetin exerts anticancer actions by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and retarding the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. However, the exact mechanism of quercetin-mediated cancer chemoprevention is still not fully understood. With the advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies, the intricate oncogenic signaling networks have been gradually characterized. Increasing evidence on the close association between noncoding RNA (ncRNAs) and cancer etiopathogenesis emphasizes the potential of ncRNAs as promising molecular targets for cancer treatment. Available experimental studies indicate that quercetin can dominate multiple cancer-associated ncRNAs, hence repressing carcinogenesis and cancer development. Thus, modulation of ncRNAs serves as a key mechanism responsible for the anticancer effects of quercetin. In this review, we focus on the chemopreventive effects of quercetin on cancer pathogenesis by targeting cancer-relevant ncRNAs, supporting the viewpoint that quercetin holds promise as a drug candidate for cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy. An in-depth comprehension of the interplay between quercetin and ncRNAs in the inhibition of cancer development and progression will raise the possibility of developing this bioactive compound as an anticancer agent that could be highly efficacious and safe in clinical practice.
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Muñoz-Reyes D, Casanova AG, González-Paramás AM, Martín Á, Santos-Buelga C, Morales AI, López-Hernández FJ, Prieto M. Protective Effect of Quercetin 3- O-Glucuronide against Cisplatin Cytotoxicity in Renal Tubular Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041319. [PMID: 35209106 PMCID: PMC8880316 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, a flavonoid with promising therapeutic potential, has been shown to protect from cisplatin nephrotoxicity in rats following intraperitoneal injection, but its low bioavailability curtails its prospective clinical utility in oral therapy. We recently developed a micellar formulation (P-quercetin) with enhanced solubility and bioavailability, and identical nephroprotective properties. As a first aim, we herein evaluated the oral treatment with P-quercetin in rats, which displayed no nephroprotection. In order to unravel this discrepancy, quercetin and its main metabolites were measured by HPLC in the blood and urine after intraperitoneal and oral administrations. Whilst quercetin was absorbed similarly, the profile of its metabolites was different, which led us to hypothesize that nephroprotection might be exerted in vivo by a metabolic derivate. Consequently, we then aimed to evaluate the cytoprotective capacity of quercetin and its main metabolites (quercetin 3-O-glucoside, rutin, tamarixetin, isorhamnetin and quercetin 3-O-glucuronide) against cisplatin toxicity, in HK-2 and NRK-52E tubular cell lines. Cells were incubated for 6 h with quercetin, its metabolites or vehicle (pretreatment), and subsequently 18 h in cotreatment with 10-300 μM cisplatin. Immediately after treatment, cell cultures were subject to the MTT technique as an index of cytotoxicity and photographed under light microscopy for phenotypic assessment. Quercetin afforded no direct cytoprotection and quercetin-3-O-glucuronide was the only metabolite partially preventing the effect of cisplatin in cultured tubule cells. Our results identify a metabolic derivative of quercetin contributing to its nephroprotection and prompt to further explore exogenous quercetin-3-O-glucuronide in the prophylaxis of tubular nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Muñoz-Reyes
- Toxicology Unit, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (D.M.-R.); (A.G.C.); (A.I.M.); (M.P.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alfredo G. Casanova
- Toxicology Unit, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (D.M.-R.); (A.G.C.); (A.I.M.); (M.P.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana María González-Paramás
- Polyphenols Research Group (GIP-USAL), Nutrition and Bromatology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.M.G.-P.); (C.S.-B.)
| | - Ángel Martín
- High Pressure Processes Group, BioEcoUVa, Bioeconomy Research Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Celestino Santos-Buelga
- Polyphenols Research Group (GIP-USAL), Nutrition and Bromatology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.M.G.-P.); (C.S.-B.)
| | - Ana I. Morales
- Toxicology Unit, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (D.M.-R.); (A.G.C.); (A.I.M.); (M.P.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. López-Hernández
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-923-294-400 (ext. 1444)
| | - Marta Prieto
- Toxicology Unit, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (D.M.-R.); (A.G.C.); (A.I.M.); (M.P.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Abdou HM, Abd Elkader HTAE. The potential therapeutic effects of Trifolium alexandrinum extract, hesperetin and quercetin against diabetic nephropathy via attenuation of oxidative stress, inflammation, GSK-3β and apoptosis in male rats. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 352:109781. [PMID: 34922902 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the manifestations of systemic microangiopathy in diabetes. Trifolium alexandrinum extract (TAE) contains biologically active phenolic compounds such as hesperetin (HES) and quercetin, possess various pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative potentials. The present study aimed to assess the therapeutic effects and mechanisms underlying the anti-diabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of HES and quercetin extracted from TAE, and TAE in STZ-induced DN. Male albino rats (170 ± 10 g) were divided into group (1); control rats and groups (2-5); diabetic/HFD were intraperitoneal (i.p.) injected with STZ (35 mg/kg), diabetic rats were randomly classified into STZ, STZ + HES (40 mg/kg), STZ + quercetin (50 mg/kg), and STZ + TAE (200 mg/kg) groups. After 5 weeks, blood and kidney samples were collected for further biochemical, western blotting and histopathological studies. Serum renal functions, renal oxidative status biomarkers and proinflammatory cytokines were determined. The results revealed that there were significant increases in urea, BUN, creatinine, ALP, total protein, albumin, and globulin with a significant decrease in Na+ and K+ levels, as well as significant elevation in TBARS, TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-6 and the expression levels of GSK-3β, as well as significant decline in TAC, GSH and CAT levels in STZ-treated group compared to the control rats. The previous deleterious alterations were significantly ameliorated after the treatment of diabetic rats with HES, quercetin and TAE. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that HES, quercetin and TAE could be used as potent therapeutic agents to counter DN through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Mohamed Abdou
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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10
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Cervellera C, Russo M, Dotolo S, Facchiano A, Russo GL. STL1, a New AKT Inhibitor, Synergizes with Flavonoid Quercetin in Enhancing Cell Death in A Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cell Line. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195810. [PMID: 34641354 PMCID: PMC8510450 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a pharmacophore model based on the experimental structure of AKT-1, we recently identified the compound STL1 (ZINC2429155) as an allosteric inhibitor of AKT-1. STL1, was able to reduce Ser473 phosphorylation, thus inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway. Moreover, we demonstrated that the flavonoid quercetin downregulated the phosphorylated and active form of AKT. However, in this case, quercetin inhibited the PI3K/AKT pathway by directly binding the kinases CK2 and PI3K. In the present work, we investigated the antiproliferative effects of the co-treatment quercetin plus STL1 in HG-3 cells, derived from a patient affected by chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Quercetin and STL1 in the mono-treatment maintained the capacity to inhibit AKT phosphorylation on Ser473, but did not significantly reduce cell viability. On the contrary, they activated a protective form of autophagy. When the HG-3 cells were co-treated with quercetin and STL1, their association synergistically (combination index < 1) inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis. The combined treatment caused the switch from protective to non-protective autophagy. This work demonstrated that cytotoxicity could be enhanced in a drug-resistant cell line by combining the effects of different inhibitors acting in concert on PI3K and AKT kinases.
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MESH Headings
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation
- Drug Synergism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/antagonists & inhibitors
- Quercetin/pharmacology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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11
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Hariono M, Wijaya DBE, Chandra T, Frederick N, Putri AB, Herawati E, Warastika LA, Permatasari M, Putri ADA, Ardyantoro S. A Decade of Indonesian Atmosphere in Computer-Aided Drug Design. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 62:5276-5288. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maywan Hariono
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dominikus B. E. Wijaya
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Teddy Chandra
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nico Frederick
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Agnes B. Putri
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Erlia Herawati
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Luthfi A. Warastika
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Merry Permatasari
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Agata D. A. Putri
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Satrio Ardyantoro
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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12
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Transit and Metabolic Pathways of Quercetin in Tubular Cells: Involvement of Its Antioxidant Properties in the Kidney. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060909. [PMID: 34205156 PMCID: PMC8228652 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a flavonoid with antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, it has been postulated as a molecule with great therapeutic potential. The renoprotective capacity of quercetin against various toxins that produce oxidative stress, in both in vivo and in vitro models, has been shown. However, it is not clear whether quercetin itself or any of its metabolites are responsible for the protective effects on the kidney. Although the pharmacokinetics of quercetin have been widely studied and the complexity of its transit throughout the body is well known, the metabolic processes that occur in the kidney are less known. Because of that, the objective of this review was to delve into the molecular and cellular events triggered by quercetin and/or its metabolites in the tubular cells, which could explain some of the protective properties of this flavonoid against oxidative stress produced by toxin administration. Thus, the following are analyzed: (1) the transit of quercetin to the kidney; (2) the uptake mechanisms of quercetin and its metabolites from plasma to the tubular cells; (3) the metabolic processes triggered in those cells, which affect the accumulation of metabolites in the intracellular space; and (4) the efflux mechanisms of these compounds and their subsequent elimination through urine. Finally, it is discussed whether those processes that are mediated in the tubular cells and that give rise to different metabolites are related to the antioxidant and renoprotective properties observed after the administration of quercetin.
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13
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Patra S, Nayak R, Patro S, Pradhan B, Sahu B, Behera C, Bhutia SK, Jena M. Chemical diversity of dietary phytochemicals and their mode of chemoprevention. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 30:e00633. [PMID: 34094892 PMCID: PMC8167155 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2021.e00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the advancement in prognosis, diagnosis and treatment, cancer has emerged as the second leading cause of disease-associated death across the globe. With the remarkable application of synthetic drugs in cancer therapy and the onset of therapy-associated adverse effects, dietary phytochemicals have been materialized as potent anti-cancer drugs owing to their antioxidant, apoptosis and autophagy modulating activities. With dynamic regulation of apoptosis and autophagy in association with cell cycle regulation, inhibition in cellular proliferation, invasion and migration, dietary phytochemicals have emerged as potent anti-cancer pharmacophores. Dietary phytochemicals or their synthetic analogous as individual drug candidates or in combination with FDA approved chemotherapeutic drugs have exhibited potent anti-cancer efficacy. With the advancement in cancer therapeutics, dietary phytochemicals hold high prevalence for their use as precision and personalized medicine to replace conventional chemotherapeutic drugs. Hence, keeping these perspectives in mind, this review focuses on the diversity of dietary phytochemicals and their molecular mechanism of action in several cancer subtypes and tumor entities. Understanding the possible molecular key players involved, the use of dietary phytochemicals will thrive a new horizon in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srimanta Patra
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, India
| | - Rabindra Nayak
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, 760007, India
| | - Suryamani Patro
- Department of Home Science, S.B.R. Govt. Women’s College, Berhampur, 760001, India
| | - Biswajita Pradhan
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, 760007, India
| | | | - Chhandashree Behera
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, 760007, India
| | - Sujit Kumar Bhutia
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, India
| | - Mrutyunjay Jena
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, 760007, India
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14
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To KKW, Cho WCS. Flavonoids Overcome Drug Resistance to Cancer Chemotherapy by Epigenetically Modulating Multiple Mechanisms. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 21:289-305. [PMID: 33535954 DOI: 10.2174/1568009621666210203111220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance is the major reason accounting for the treatment failure in cancer chemotherapy. Dysregulation of the epigenetic machineries is known to induce chemoresistance. It was reported that numerous genes encoding the key mediators in cancer proliferation, apoptosis, DNA repair, and drug efflux are dysregulated in resistant cancer cells by aberrant DNA methylation. The imbalance of various enzymes catalyzing histone post-translational modifications is also known to alter chromatin configuration and regulate multiple drug resistance genes. Alteration in miRNA signature in cancer cells also gives rise to chemoresistance. Flavonoids are a large group of naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds ubiquitously found in plants, fruits, vegetables and traditional herbs. There has been increasing research interest in the health-promoting effects of flavonoids. Flavonoids were shown to directly kill or re-sensitize resistant cancer cells to conventional anticancer drugs by epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the current findings of the circumvention of drug resistance by flavonoids through correcting the aberrant epigenetic regulation of multiple resistance mechanisms. More investigations including the evaluation of synergistic anticancer activity, dosing sequence effect, toxicity in normal cells, and animal studies, are warranted to establish the full potential of the combination of flavonoids with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs in the treatment of cancer with drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K W To
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - William C S Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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15
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Hariyono P, Patramurti C, Candrasari DS, Hariono M. An integrated virtual screening of compounds from Carica papaya leaves against multiple protein targets of SARS-Coronavirus-2. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021; 3:100113. [PMID: 33619449 PMCID: PMC7889459 DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic of SARS-Coronavirus-2 (Coronavirus-19) has been progressing by the increasing trend of the cases as well as deaths with neither vaccine nor drug is rationally used to stop the viral spread over. This study aims to perform an integrated virtual screening of compounds that had been identified from Carica papaya leaves, which are proposed to be a herbal treatment for SARS-Coronavirus-2. The screening was initiated by evaluating the 40 compounds from Carica papaya leaves for their drug-like likeness property. The selected compounds were then secondly screened using carcinogenic and toxicity filters. Further selected compounds were thirdly screened for their pharmacokinetic profile and the screening was lastly performed by docking the third selected compounds against multiple protein targets of SARS-Coronavirus-2 employing 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro), papain-like protease (PLpro), RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase (RdRp), endonuclease (EndoU), S1 and S2 region of spike protein. The results show that 20 of 40 compounds, which meet the requirements of drug-like likeness, carcinogenicity-toxicity filter, and pharmacokinetic profiles, can interact with the multiple protein targets of SARS-Coronavirus-2 with the order from high to low affinity as follows: S1 > 3CLpro > EndoU > RdRp > PLpro > S2. In conclusion, Carica papaya leaves are worth to be proposed for further in vitro study against SARS-Coronavirus-2 at both molecular and cellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandu Hariyono
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Christine Patramurti
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Damiana S Candrasari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Maywan Hariono
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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16
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Patra S, Pradhan B, Nayak R, Behera C, Rout L, Jena M, Efferth T, Bhutia SK. Chemotherapeutic efficacy of curcumin and resveratrol against cancer: Chemoprevention, chemoprotection, drug synergism and clinical pharmacokinetics. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 73:310-320. [PMID: 33152486 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The frequent inefficiency of conventional cancer therapies due to drug resistance, non-targeted drug delivery, chemotherapy-associated toxic side effects turned the focus to bioactive phytochemicals. In this context, curcumin and resveratrol have emerged as potent chemopreventive and chemoprotective compounds modulating apoptotic and autophagic cell death pathways in cancer in vitro and in vivo. As synergistic agents in combination with clinically established anticancer drugs, the enhanced anticancer activity at reduced chemotherapy-associated toxicity towards normal organs can be explained by improved pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, bioavailability and metabolism. With promising preclinical and clinical applications, the design of drug-loaded nanoparticles, nanocarriers, liposomes and micelles have gained much attention to improve target specificity and drug efficacy. The present review focuses on the molecular modes of chemoprevention, chemoprotection and drug synergism with special emphasis to preclinical and clinical applications, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and advanced drug delivery methods for the development of next-generation personalized cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srimanta Patra
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, India
| | - Biswajita Pradhan
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, 760007, India
| | - Rabindra Nayak
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, 760007, India
| | - Chhandashree Behera
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, 760007, India
| | - Laxmidhar Rout
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, 760007, India
| | - Mrutyunjay Jena
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, 760007, India
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sujit Kumar Bhutia
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, India.
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17
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Zhang X, Shi S, Su Y, Yang X, He S, Yang X, Wu J, Zhang J, Rao F. Suramin and NF449 are IP5K inhibitors that disrupt inositol hexakisphosphate-mediated regulation of cullin-RING ligase and sensitize cancer cells to MLN4924/pevonedistat. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:10281-10292. [PMID: 32493769 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) is an abundant metabolite synthesized from inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate (IP5) by the single IP5 2-kinase (IP5K). Genetic and biochemical studies have shown that IP6 usually functions as a structural cofactor in protein(s) mediating mRNA export, DNA repair, necroptosis, 3D genome organization, HIV infection, and cullin-RING ligase (CRL) deneddylation. However, it remains unknown whether pharmacological perturbation of cellular IP6 levels affects any of these processes. Here, we performed screening for small molecules that regulate human IP5K activity, revealing that the antiparasitic drug and polysulfonic compound suramin efficiently inhibits IP5K in vitro and in vivo The results from docking experiments and biochemical validations suggested that the suramin targets IP5K in a distinct bidentate manner by concurrently binding to the ATP- and IP5-binding pockets, thereby inhibiting both IP5 phosphorylation and ATP hydrolysis. NF449, a suramin analog with additional sulfonate moieties, more potently inhibited IP5K. Both suramin and NF449 disrupted IP6-dependent sequestration of CRL by the deneddylase COP9 signalosome, thereby affecting CRL activity cycle and component dynamics in an IP5K-dependent manner. Finally, nontoxic doses of suramin, NF449, or NF110 exacerbate the loss of cell viability elicited by the neddylation inhibitor and clinical trial drug MLN4924/pevonedistat, suggesting synergistic ef-fects. Suramin and its analogs provide structural templates for designing potent and specific IP5K inhibitors, which could be used in combination therapy along with MLN4924/pevonedistat. IP5K is a potential mechanistic target of suramin, accounting for suramin's therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhe Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaodong Shi
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Su
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Sining He
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuyan Yang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Rao
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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18
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Fusi F, Trezza A, Tramaglino M, Sgaragli G, Saponara S, Spiga O. The beneficial health effects of flavonoids on the cardiovascular system: Focus on K+ channels. Pharmacol Res 2020; 152:104625. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Sharma G, Parihar A, Talaiya T, Dubey K, Porwal B, Parihar MS. Cognitive impairments in type 2 diabetes, risk factors and preventive strategies. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 31:/j/jbcpp.ahead-of-print/jbcpp-2019-0105/jbcpp-2019-0105.xml. [PMID: 31967962 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2019-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a modifiable risk factor in progression of several diseases including dementia and type 2 diabetes. If cognitive impairments are not reversed at an early stage of appearance of symptoms, then the prolonged pathogenesis can lead to dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, it is necessary to detect the risk factors and mechanism of prevention of cognitive dysfunction at an early stage of disease. Poor lifestyle, age, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and inflammation are some of the major risk factors that contribute to cognitive and memory impairments in diabetic patients. Mild cognitive impairment was seen in those individuals of type 2 diabetes, who are on an unhealthy diet. Physical inactivity, frequent alcohol consumptions, and use of packed food products that provides an excess of cheap calories are found associated with cognitive impairment and depression in diabetic patients. Omega fatty acids (FAs) and polyphenol-rich foods, especially flavonoids, can reduce the bad effects of an unhealthy lifestyle; therefore, the consumption of omega FAs and flavonoids may be beneficial in maintaining normal cognitive function. These functional foods may improve cognitive functions by targeting many enzymes and molecules in cells chiefly through their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, or signaling actions. Here, we provide the current concepts on the risk factors of cognitive impairments in type 2 diabetes and the mechanism of prevention, using omega FAs and bioactive compounds obtained from fruits and vegetables. The knowledge derived from such studies may assist physicians in managing the health care of patients with cognitive difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Sharma
- School of Studies in Zoology and Biotechnology, Vikram University, Ujjain, MP, India
| | - Arti Parihar
- Department of Science, Bellingham Technical College, Bellingham, WA, USA
| | - Tanay Talaiya
- School of Studies in Zoology and Biotechnology, Vikram University, Ujjain, MP, India
| | - Kirti Dubey
- School of Studies in Zoology and Biotechnology, Vikram University, Ujjain, MP, India
| | - Bhagyesh Porwal
- School of Studies in Zoology and Biotechnology, Vikram University, Ujjain, MP, India
| | - Mordhwaj S Parihar
- School of Studies in Zoology and Biotechnology, Vikram University, Ujjain, MP, India, Phone: +91-734-2511317
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20
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Ho TY, Lo HY, Liu IC, Lin KA, Liao YF, Lo YC, Hsiang CY. The protective effect of quercetin on retinal inflammation in mice: the involvement of tumor necrosis factor/nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways. Food Funct 2020; 11:8150-8160. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01324b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oral administration of quercetin ameliorated LPS-induced retinal inflammation in mice by down-regulating TNF, cytokine, and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin-Yun Ho
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine
- China Medical University
- Taichung 40402
- Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology
| | - Hsin-Yi Lo
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine
- China Medical University
- Taichung 40402
- Taiwan
| | - I-Chen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine
- China Medical University
- Taichung 40402
- Taiwan
| | - Ken-An Lin
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine
- China Medical University
- Taichung 40402
- Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Liao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- China Medical University
- Taichung 40402
- Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chun Lo
- School of Medicine
- China Medical University
- Taichung 40402
- Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yun Hsiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology
- China Medical University
- Taichung 40402
- Taiwan
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21
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Russo GL, Spagnuolo C, Russo M, Tedesco I, Moccia S, Cervellera C. Mechanisms of aging and potential role of selected polyphenols in extending healthspan. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 173:113719. [PMID: 31759977 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Aging became a priority in medicine due to the rapid increase of elderly population and age-related diseases in the Western countries. Nine hallmarks have been identified based on their alteration during aging and their capacity to increase longevity. The pathways and the molecular mechanisms to improve lifespan and healthspan are controlled by behavioral, pharmacologic and dietary factors, which remain largely unknown. Among them, naturally occurring compounds, such as polyphenols, are considered potential antiaging agents, because of their ability to modulate some of the evolutionarily conserved hallmarks of aging, including oxidative damage, inflammation, cell senescence, and autophagy. Initially, these compounds gained researchers' attention due to their ability to extend the lifespan of simple model organisms. More recently, some of them have been proposed as senolytic agents to protect against age-related disorders, such as cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The intent of this review is to present the most validated molecular mechanisms regulating ageing and longevity and critically analyze how selected polyphenols, namely resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin and catechins, can interfere with these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Luigi Russo
- National Research Council, Institute of Food Sciences, 83100 Avellino, Italy.
| | - Carmela Spagnuolo
- National Research Council, Institute of Food Sciences, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Maria Russo
- National Research Council, Institute of Food Sciences, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Idolo Tedesco
- National Research Council, Institute of Food Sciences, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Stefania Moccia
- National Research Council, Institute of Food Sciences, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Carmen Cervellera
- National Research Council, Institute of Food Sciences, 83100 Avellino, Italy
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22
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Ye Q, Liu K, Shen Q, Li Q, Hao J, Han F, Jiang RW. Reversal of Multidrug Resistance in Cancer by Multi-Functional Flavonoids. Front Oncol 2019; 9:487. [PMID: 31245292 PMCID: PMC6581719 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) resulting from different defensive mechanisms in cancer is one of the major obstacles of clinical treatment. To circumvent MDR many reversal agents have been developed, but most of them fail in clinical trials due to severely adverse effects. Recently, certain natural products have been reported to overcome MDR, including flavonoids which are abundant in plants, foods, and herbs. The structure of flavonoids can be abbreviated as C6-C3-C6 (C for carbon), and further categorized into flavonoids, iso-flavonoids and neo-flavonoids, according to their structural backbones. Flavonoids possess multiple bioactivities, and a growing body of research has indicated that both flavonoids and iso-flavonoids can either kill or re-sensitize conventional chemotherapeutics to resistant cancer cells. Here, we summarize the research and discuss the underlying mechanisms, concluding that these flavonoids do not function as specific regulators of target proteins, but rather as multi-functional agents that negatively regulate the key factors contributing to MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kai Liu
- Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Qun Shen
- Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | | | - Jinghui Hao
- Jiaozuo Second People's Hospital, Jiaozuo, China
| | | | - Ren-Wang Jiang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Nettore IC, Rocca C, Mancino G, Albano L, Amelio D, Grande F, Puoci F, Pasqua T, Desiderio S, Mazza R, Terracciano D, Colao A, Bèguinot F, Russo GL, Dentice M, Macchia PE, Sinicropi MS, Angelone T, Ungaro P. Quercetin and its derivative Q2 modulate chromatin dynamics in adipogenesis and Q2 prevents obesity and metabolic disorders in rats. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 69:151-162. [PMID: 31096072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recently the attention of the scientific community has focused on the ability of polyphenols to counteract adverse epigenetic regulation involved in the development of complex conditions such as obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the anti-adiposity effect of Quercetin (3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) and of one of its derivatives, Q2 in which the OH groups have been replaced by acetyl groups. In 3 T3-L1 preadipocytes, Quercetin and Q2 treatment induce chromatin remodeling and histone modifications at the 5' regulatory region of the two main adipogenic genes, c/EBPα and PPARγ. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed a concomitant increase of histone H3 di-methylation at Lys9, a typical mark of repressed gene promoters, and a decrease of histone H3 di-methylation at Lys 4, a mark of active transcription. At the same time, both compounds inhibited histone demethylase LSD1 recruitment to the 5' region of c/EBPα and PPARγ genes, a necessary step for adipogenesis. The final effect is a significant reduction in c/EBPα and PPARγ gene expression and attenuated adipogenesis. Q2 supplementation in rats reduced the gain in body weight and in white adipose tissue, as well as the increase in adipocyte size determined by high fat diet. Moreover, Q2 improved dyslipidemia, glucose tolerance and decreased the hepatic lipid accumulation by activating the expression of beta-oxidation related genes. Our data suggest that Q2, as well as Quercetin, has the potential to revert the unfavorable epigenomic profiles associated with obesity onset. This opens the possibility to use these compounds in targeted prevention strategies against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Cristina Nettore
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Carmine Rocca
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Giuseppina Mancino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Albano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II, Napoli, Italy; Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale, "G.Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Amelio
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Fedora Grande
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Francesco Puoci
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Teresa Pasqua
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Silvio Desiderio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosa Mazza
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Daniela Terracciano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Bèguinot
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II, Napoli, Italy; Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale, "G.Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Russo
- Istituto di Scienze dell'Alimentazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Avellino, Italy
| | - Monica Dentice
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Emidio Macchia
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy; Istituto Nazionale Ricerche Cardiovascolari (INRC), Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Ungaro
- Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale, "G.Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy.
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24
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Gautam AK, Gupta N, Srivastava N, Bhagyawant SS. Proteomic analysis of chickpea roots reveal differential expression of abscisic acid responsive proteins. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12838. [PMID: 31353693 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Seeds of chickpea are nutritious and alleged to be a preferred source of protein next only to milk. Some of the biotic and abiotic factors reduce chickpea production worldwide. Plant roots are the first to perceive stress signals. The wild root free radical scavenging activity measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method was 28.06 ± 1.43% and 25.12 ± 0.95% in cultivated chickpea type. The root proteins were resolved on 7 cm IPG strip having a pH gradient 5-8 and subsequently separated on the basis of mass using SDS-PAGE in second dimension. A total of eight representative spots were subjected for identification by MALDI-TOF-MS. A protein-protein association network analysis using STRING software permitted to build an interactomic map of all detected proteins, characterised by 16 interactions. The findings may provide a better understanding of the biochemical mechanism of different root pathways and stress-responses in chickpea. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Information pertaining to stress resistance is essential from breeder's perspectives. Chickpea is prone to high yield losses due to recurring droughts. MALDI-TOF-MS coupled with MASCOT query search found significant correlations with abscisic acid responsive proteins associated to drought stress using comparative proteomics. This report will assist researchers a ready reference for executing further studies concerning chickpea root proteins. The findings may provide a better understanding of the biochemical mechanism of different root pathways and stress-responses in chickpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Gautam
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
| | - Neha Gupta
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
| | - Nidhi Srivastava
- Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Banasthali, India
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25
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Naimi A, Entezari A, Hagh MF, Hassanzadeh A, Saraei R, Solali S. Quercetin sensitizes human myeloid leukemia KG-1 cells against TRAIL-induced apoptosis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:13233-13241. [PMID: 30589076 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common acute leukemia in adults. Conventional treatments are associated with cytotoxicity and systemic side effects. Hence, efforts in the field of cancer treatment are focused on finding the strategies which can specifically target the tumor cells without affecting the normal cells. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a biological cytokine which has the mentioned specificity, but the resistance of some cancer cells limits its use as a therapeutic strategy. Recent studies have shown that quercetin (QUR) can be used as a sensitizing agent alongside with TRAIL. The present study showed that QUR can increase the effect of TRAIL-induced cytotoxicity in KG-1 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this descriptive study, the IC50 dose for QUR in the KG-1 cell line was first determined by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide assay. Then, the cells were treated with TRAIL and QUR for 12, 24, and 48 hr. The rate of apoptosis was measured by Annexin V/propidium iodide assay. Also, the molecular evaluation of candidate genes was accomplished before and after the treatment. RESULTS The results indicated that QUR could sensitize the KG-1 cells against the TRAIL-induced apoptosis. This outcome is achieved by increasing the messenger RNA expression levels of the death receptor genes and reducing the expression of antiapoptotic proteins, as well as decreasing the expression of the NF-κB subunit. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that QUR can sensitize the acute myeloid KG-1 cells against TRAIL. Moreover, the combinational therapy of these agents might promisingly improve the clinical efficacy of TRAIL in patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Naimi
- Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Atefeh Entezari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ali Hassanzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Raedeh Saraei
- Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Solali
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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26
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Saraei R, Marofi F, Naimi A, Talebi M, Ghaebi M, Javan N, Salimi O, Hassanzadeh A. Leukemia therapy by flavonoids: Future and involved mechanisms. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8203-8220. [PMID: 30500074 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a varied family of phytonutrients (plant chemicals) usually are detected in fruits and vegetables. In this big family, there exist more than 10,000 members that is separated into six chief subtypes: isoflavonols, flavonoenes, flavones, flavonols, anthocyanins, and chalcones. The natural compounds, such as fruits, have visible positive effects in regulating of survival involved signaling pathways that performance as the regulator of cell survival, growth, and proliferation. Researchers have established that commonly consumption up flavonoids decreases incidence and development risk of certain cancers, especially leukemia. Flavonoids have been able to induce apoptosis and stimulate cell cycle arrest in cancer cells via different pathways. Similarly, they have antiangiogenesis and antimetastasis capability, which were shown in wide ranges of cancer cells, particularly, leukemia. It seems that flavonoid because of their widespread approval, evident safety and low rate of side effects, have hopeful anticarcinogenic potential for leukemia therapy. Based on the last decade reports, the most important acting mechanisms of these natural compounds in leukemia cells are stimulating of apoptosis pathways by upregulation of caspase 3, 8, 9 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and proapoptotic proteins, particularly Bax activation. As well, they can induce cell cycle arrest in target cells not only via increasing of activated levels of p21 and p53 but also by inhibition of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases. Furthermore, attenuation of neclear factor-κB and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 activation, suppression of signaling pathway and downregulation of intracellular antiapoptotic proteins are other significant antileukemic function mechanism of flavonoids. Overall, it appears that flavonoids are promising and effective compounds in the field of leukemia therapy. In this review, we tried to accumulate and revise most promising flavonoids and finally declared their major working mechanisms in leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raedeh Saraei
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Adel Naimi
- Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Talebi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Ghaebi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Naser Javan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratories Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Omid Salimi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Hassanzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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27
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Chemical Characterization of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. Hydroalcoholic Extract and Its Efficiency against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Sheep. Vet Sci 2018; 5:vetsci5030080. [PMID: 30213060 PMCID: PMC6163712 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci5030080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. is a xerophylous plant that originated in tropical and subtropical America. This plant is popularly known in Brazil as “palma forrageira” (cactus pear) and plays a fundamental role in animal nutrition, mainly in the Northeastern semi-arid region of the country. The plant has several uses since it presents bioactive compounds that confer biological and pharmacological properties. In this context, the cactus pear can also be considered a potential product to combat parasite infections. The objective of this study was to chemically characterize the O. ficus-indica hydroalcoholic extract (OFIEOH) and to determine its efficacy against gastrointestinal parasites using in vitro tests. Initially, the hydroalcoholic extract from cladode peels of O. ficus-indica was produced by maceration for 21 days. For the chemical characterization, colorimetric dosages were performed for carbohydrates, proteins, phenols and condensed tannins. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry/electron spray ionization (LC-MS/ESI) was used to characterize the polyphenolic profile of the OFIEOH extract. Fifteen compounds were identified in the OFIEOH extract, such as methyl, glycosylated and aglycone quercetin derivatives and aglycone and glycosylated kaempferol derivatives. Tri-glycosylated methyl quercetin derivatives were the main compounds identified. In vitro egg hatch (EHT) and larval migration tests (LMT) were used in a range of concentrations of OFIEOH from 12.5 to 100 mg/mL for EHT and 12.5 to 200 mg/mL for LMT. In addition, the LMT was used to test ivermectin (IVM) (from 11.4 to 57.1 µM), associated with the inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) for OFIEOH. The combination of OFIEOH (12.5 to 200 mg/mL) plus the IC50 of IVM was also tested. The efficacy of OFIEOH alone varied from 19.33 to 90.0% using the EHT. The LMT revealed an efficacy of 5.78 to 77.26% for the extract. Both tests showed a concentration-dependence inhibitory effect. We found a drug-extract antagonistic neutralizing effect when doses of IVM were added to OFIEOH (maximum efficacy of 73.78%), while a positive additive effect was observed when OFIEOH was added to the IC50 of IVM (IC50 of 82.79 for OFIEOH alone against an IC50 of 55.08 of OFIEOH + IVM). The data from this work indicate that OFIEOH alone may be considered as a suitable ecofriendly product to control gastrointestinal parasites of sheep, offering a more holistic approach to improve animal farming and welfare. The drug-extract interaction is also a promising therapeutic alternative, reducing the final dose to the host, with an optimum combination effect.
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28
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Russo M, Milito A, Spagnuolo C, Carbone V, Rosén A, Minasi P, Lauria F, Russo GL. CK2 and PI3K are direct molecular targets of quercetin in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Oncotarget 2018; 8:42571-42587. [PMID: 28489572 PMCID: PMC5522089 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the encouraging results of the innovative therapeutic treatments, complete remission is uncommon in patients affected by chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, which remains an essentially incurable disease. Recently, clinical trials based on BH3-mimetic drugs showed positive outcomes in subjects with poor prognostic features. However, resistance to treatments occurs in a significant number of patients. We previously reported that the multi-kinase inhibitor quercetin, a natural flavonol, restores sensitivity to ABT-737, a BH3-mimetic compound, in both leukemic cell lines and B-cells isolated from patients. To identify the molecular target of quercetin, we employed a new cell line, HG3, obtained by immortalization of B-cells from a chronic lymphocytic leukaemia patient at the later stage of disease. We confirmed that quercetin in association with ABT-737 synergistically enhances apoptosis in HG3 (combination index < 1 for all fractions affected). We also reported that the cellular uptake of quercetin is extremely rapid, with an intracellular concentration of about 38.5 ng/106 cells, after treatment with 25 μM for 5 min. We demonstrated that the activity of protein kinase CK2, which positively triggers PI3K/Akt pathway by inactivating PTEN phosphatase, is inhibited by quercetin immediately after its addition to HG3 cells (0–2 min). PI3K activity was also inhibited by quercetin within 60 min from the treatment. The combined inhibition of CK2 and PI3K kinase activities by quercetin restored ABT-737 sensitivity and increased lethality in human leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Alfonsina Milito
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy.,Current address: Stazione Zoologica "Anton Dohrn", Villa Comunale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Carmela Spagnuolo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Virginia Carbone
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Anders Rosén
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Paola Minasi
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Fabio Lauria
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
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29
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Buonerba C, De Placido P, Bruzzese D, Pagliuca M, Ungaro P, Bosso D, Ribera D, Iaccarino S, Scafuri L, Liotti A, Romeo V, Izzo M, Perri F, Casale B, Grimaldi G, Vitrone F, Brunetti A, Terracciano D, Marinelli A, De Placido S, Di Lorenzo G. Isoquercetin as an Adjunct Therapy in Patients With Kidney Cancer Receiving First-Line Sunitinib (QUASAR): Results of a Phase I Trial. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:189. [PMID: 29615901 PMCID: PMC5864863 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib is the most commonly prescribed drug for advanced renal cell carcinoma in the first-line setting and has been associated with multiple adverse events related to its on–and off–target effects, including hand and foot syndrome and fatigue. It was hypothesized that sunitinib-induced fatigue may be related to off target inhibition of the AMPK enzyme, which results in impairment of energy-producing processes at a systemic level. Quercetin is a naturally occurring flavonol with established AMPK-stimulating activity. While clinical use of quercetin is limited by its poor bio-availability, quercetin-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, that is isoquercetin, has an improved pharmacokinetic profile. On the grounds of the in vitro stimulatory activity with respect to AMPk, we hypothesized that oral isoquercetin could improve fatigue in kidney cancer patients receiving sunitinib. Given the lack of data on the safety of isoquercetin given concomitantly with sunitinib, we conducted a phase I trial to assess the safety of GMP manufactured isoquercetin given at two dose levels (450 and 900 mg a day). In the 12-patient study cohort included in this study, isoquercetin was administered concomitantly with 50 mg sunitinib for a median 81 days (IQR, 75.5, 86.5). None of the 12 patients required isoquercetin suspension or isoquercetin dose reduction because of adverse events. No abnormalities in ECG, heart or lower limbs doppler ultrasound were detected. A statistically significant improvement was reported for the FACIT fatigue score (6.8 points; 95% CI: 2.8–10.8; p = 0.002) and for the FACIT Adverse Events score (18.9 points; 95% CI: 9.1–28.8; p < 0.001) after isoquercetin consumption vs. baseline. In this phase I trial, isoquercetin was remarkably safe, with a preliminary signal of activity in terms of improvement of sunitinib adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Buonerba
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy
| | - Pietro De Placido
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Bruzzese
- Department of Public Health, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Pagliuca
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Ungaro
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS-CNR) "G. Salvatore", Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Bosso
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Ribera
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Iaccarino
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Scafuri
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Liotti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Romeo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Michela Izzo
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Perri
- Medical Oncology Unit, POC SS Annunziata Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - Beniamino Casale
- Dipartimento di Pneumologia e Tisiologia, Day Hospital Pneumologia e Pneumoncologico, AORN Vincenzo Monaldi, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grimaldi
- U.O. Medicina-Oncoematologia Ospedale Umberto I, Nocera Inferiore, Italy
| | - Francesca Vitrone
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Arturo Brunetti
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Marinelli
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Sabino De Placido
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Lorenzo
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
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30
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Navarro M, Moreira I, Arnaez E, Quesada S, Azofeifa G, Vargas F, Alvarado D, Chen P. Flavonoids and Ellagitannins Characterization, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Phyllanthus acuminatus Vahl. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 6:E62. [PMID: 29244711 PMCID: PMC5750638 DOI: 10.3390/plants6040062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The phenolic composition of leaves from Phyllanthus acuminatus L., a plant commonly used in Costa Rica as traditional medicine, was studied using UPLC-ESI-MS on an enriched phenolic extract. A total of 20 phenolic compounds were identified, comprising eight flavonoids (two flavanones-pinocembrin isomers and six derivatives from apigenin, chrysin, quercetin, and kaempferol); seven ellagitannins, two flavan-3-ols (prodelphinidin B dimer and (epi)gallocatechin); and three phenolic acids (ellagic acid, trimethylellagic acid, and ferulic acid). All of these compounds are reported for the first time in P. acuminatus, while previously reported in the genus Phyllanthus. Antioxidant evaluation was performed for P. acuminatus phenolic extract obtaining DPPH results with a remarkably low IC50 value of 0.15 μg/mL. Also, cytotoxicity on gastric AGS and colon SW20 adenocarcinoma cell lines was evaluated, and highly promising results were obtained, with IC50 values of 11.3 μg/mL and 10.5 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, selectivity index values obtained when comparing cytotoxicity on normal Vero cells was SI > 20 for both cancer cell lines, indicating a particularly high selectivity. Additionally, Justicidin B, a metabolite extensively studied for its antitumoral activity, was isolated from a non-polar extract of P. acuminatus, and comparatively evaluated for both bioactivities. The DPPH value obtained for Justicidin B was moderate (IC50 = 14.28 μg/mL), while cytotoxicity values for both AGS (IC50 = 19.5 μg/mL) and SW620 (IC50 = 24.8 μg/mL) cell lines, as well as selectivity when compared with normal Vero cells (SI = 5.4 and 4.2 respectively), was good, but lower than P. acuminatus extract. These preliminary results suggest that P. acuminatus enriched phenolic extract containing flavonoids, ellagitannins, flavan-3-ols, and phenolic acids, reported for the first time in this plant, could be of interest for further cancer cytotoxicity studies to elucidate structure-bioactivity relationships, and the molecular mechanisms and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirtha Navarro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Costa Rica (UCR), Rodrigo Facio Campus, San Pedro Montes Oca, San Jose 2060, Costa Rica.
| | - Ileana Moreira
- Department of Biology, Technological University of Costa Rica (TEC), Cartago 7050, Costa Rica.
| | - Elizabeth Arnaez
- Department of Biology, Technological University of Costa Rica (TEC), Cartago 7050, Costa Rica.
| | - Silvia Quesada
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Costa Rica (UCR), Rodrigo Facio Campus, San Pedro Montes Oca, San Jose 2060, Costa Rica.
| | - Gabriela Azofeifa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Costa Rica (UCR), Rodrigo Facio Campus, San Pedro Montes Oca, San Jose 2060, Costa Rica.
| | - Felipe Vargas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Costa Rica (UCR), Rodrigo Facio Campus, San Pedro Montes Oca, San Jose 2060, Costa Rica.
| | - Diego Alvarado
- Department of Biology, University of Costa Rica (UCR), Rodrigo Facio Campus, San Pedro Montes Oca, San Jose 2060, Costa Rica.
| | - Pei Chen
- Food Composition and Methods Development Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
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Bjørklund G, Dadar M, Chirumbolo S, Lysiuk R. Flavonoids as detoxifying and pro-survival agents: What's new? Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 110:240-250. [PMID: 29079495 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The role of flavonoids in the survival machinery of cells has come in the spotlight due to the recent evidence of their effect on the relationship mitochondria-ER stress-proteasome, including the intracellular mechanisms of autophagy and apoptosis. Numerous experimental animal investigations and even human clinical studies have highlighted the major role of these natural compounds in the economy of life and their deep relationship with autotrophic organisms in the evolutionary space. Their role as anti-oxidant and oxidative stress preventive molecules has to date been investigated extensively in the literature. Despite this great amount of promising evidence, many concerns, however, remain, most of which dealing with biochemistry, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and interaction of flavonoids with gut microbiome, issues that make difficult any good attempt to introduce these molecules in the human healthcare systems as possible, encouraging therapeutic substances. This review tries to address and elucidate these items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roman Lysiuk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
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Russo GL, Tedesco I, Spagnuolo C, Russo M. Antioxidant polyphenols in cancer treatment: Friend, foe or foil? Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 46:1-13. [PMID: 28511887 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer prevention can be probably obtained with easier, faster and less financial strains by pursuing educational programs aimed to induce changes in lifestyle, starting from dietary habits. In the past decades, observational and case-control studies tried to establish a functional relationship between cancer mortality and morbidity and diet. The field becomes even more intricate when scientists investigated which dietary components are responsible for the putative, protective effects of fruits and vegetables against cancer. A relevant part of the literature focused on the positive role of "antioxidant" compounds in foods, including polyphenols. The present review critically evaluate clinical and pre-clinical studies based on polyphenol administration, which contributed to support the concept, deeply rooted in the general population, that antioxidant polyphenols can fight cancer. The controversial and contradictory issues related to the pros and cons on the use of polyphenols against cancer reflect the confounding assumption that cancer treatment and cancer prevention may overlap. We conclude that a clear cut must be done between these two concepts and that the experimental approaches to investigate one or the other should be significantly different, starting from adequate and specifically selected cellular models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Luigi Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100, Avellino, Italy.
| | - Idolo Tedesco
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Carmela Spagnuolo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Maria Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100, Avellino, Italy
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Russo GL, Vastolo V, Ciccarelli M, Albano L, Macchia PE, Ungaro P. Dietary polyphenols and chromatin remodeling. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 57:2589-2599. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1062353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gian Luigi Russo
- Istituto di Scienze dell'Alimentazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Avellino, Italy
| | - Viviana Vastolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, UniversitàdegliStudi di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marco Ciccarelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, UniversitàdegliStudi di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Albano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, UniversitàdegliStudi di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Emidio Macchia
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Napoli, Italy
| | - Paola Ungaro
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale ‘G. Salvatore’, Consiglio Nazionaledelle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy
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Sak K. Anticancer Action of Sulfated Flavonoids as Phase II Metabolites. FOOD BIOCONVERSION 2017:207-236. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-811413-1.00006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
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Sak K, Everaus H. Established Human Cell Lines as Models to Study Anti-leukemic Effects of Flavonoids. Curr Genomics 2016; 18:3-26. [PMID: 28503087 PMCID: PMC5321770 DOI: 10.2174/1389202917666160803165447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the extensive work on pathological mechanisms and some recent advances in the treatment of different hematological malignancies, leukemia continues to present a significant challenge being frequently considered as incurable disease. Therefore, the development of novel therapeutic agents with high efficacy and low toxicity is urgently needed to improve the overall survival rate of patients. In this comprehensive review article, the current knowledge about the anticancer activities of flavonoids as plant secondary polyphenolic metabolites in the most commonly used human established leukemia cell lines (HL-60, NB4, KG1a, U937, THP-1, K562, Jurkat, CCRF- CEM, MOLT-3, and MOLT-4) is compiled, revealing clear anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, cell cycle arresting, and differentiation inducing effects for certain compounds. Considering the low toxicity of these substances in normal blood cells, the presented data show a great potential of flavonoids to be developed into novel anti-leukemia agents applicable also in the malignant cells resistant to the current conventional chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Sak
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Hele Everaus
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Sak K, Kasemaa K, Everaus H. Potentiation of luteolin cytotoxicity by flavonols fisetin and quercetin in human chronic lymphocytic leukemia cell lines. Food Funct 2016; 7:3815-24. [PMID: 27489195 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00583g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite numerous studies chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) still remains an incurable disease. Therefore, all new compounds and novel strategies which are able to eradicate CLL cells should be considered as valuable clues for a potential future remedy against this malignancy. In the present study, the cytotoxic profiles of natural flavonoids were described in two human CLL cell lines, HG-3 and EHEB, indicating the flavone luteolin as the most potent flavonoid with half-maximal inhibitory constants (IC50) of 37 μM and 26 μM, respectively. Luteolin significantly increased the apoptotic cell population in both cell lines by increasing the activities of caspases-3 and -9 and triggering the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Two flavonols, fisetin and quercetin, were somewhat less efficient in suppressing cellular viability, whereas baicalein, chrysin, (+)-catechin and hesperetin exerted only a small or no response at doses as high as 100 μM. Both fisetin and quercetin were able to augment the cytotoxic activity of luteolin in both cell lines by reducing the IC50 values up to four fold. As a result of this, luteolin displayed cytotoxicity activity already at low micromolar concentrations that could potentially be physiologically achievable through oral ingestion. No other tested flavonoids were capable of sensitizing CLL cells to luteolin pointing to a specific binding of fisetin and quercetin to the cellular targets which interfere with the signaling pathways induced by luteolin. Although further molecular studies to unravel this potentiating mechanism are certainly needed, this phenomenon could contribute to future remedies for prevention and treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Sak
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia.
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Philchenkov AA, Zavelevych MP. RHAMNAZIN INHIBITS PROLIFERATION AND INDUCES APOPTOSIS OF HUMAN JURKAT LEUKEMIA CELLS IN VITRO. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2016; 87:122-8. [PMID: 27025066 DOI: 10.15407/ubj87.06.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiproliferative and apoptogenic effects of rhamnazin, a dimethoxylated derivative of quercetin, were studied in human acute lymphoblastic leukemia Jurkat cells. The cytotoxicity and apoptogenic activity of rhamnazin in vitro are inferior to that of quercetin. The apoptogenic activity of rhamnazin is realized via mitochondrial pathway and associated with activation of caspase-9 and -3. The additive apoptogenic effect of rhamnazin and suboptimal doses of etoposide, a DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor, is demonstrated. Therefore, methylation of quercetin modifies its biological effects considerably.
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38
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Russo M, Russo GL, Daglia M, Kasi PD, Ravi S, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM. Understanding genistein in cancer: The "good" and the "bad" effects: A review. Food Chem 2016; 196:589-600. [PMID: 26593532 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.09.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, diet and specific dietary supplements are seen as potential adjuvants to prevent different chronic diseases, including cancer, or to ameliorate pharmacological therapies. Soybean is one of the most important food components in Asian diet. A plethora of evidence supports the in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects of genistein, a soybean isoflavone. Major tumors affected by genistein here reviewed are breast, prostate, colon, liver, ovarian, bladder, gastric, brain cancers, neuroblastoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. However, it is not always clear if and when genistein is beneficial against tumors (the "good" effects), or the opposite, when the same molecule exerts adverse effects (the "bad" effects), favouring cancer cell proliferation. This review will critically evaluate this concept in the light of the different molecular mechanisms of genistein which occur when the molecule is administered at low doses (chemopreventive effects), or at high doses (pharmacological effects).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100 Avellino, Italy.
| | - Gian Luigi Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Pandima Devi Kasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 004, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sakthivel Ravi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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39
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Kerimi A, Williamson G. At the interface of antioxidant signalling and cellular function: Key polyphenol effects. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:1770-88. [PMID: 26887821 PMCID: PMC5021119 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The hypothesis that dietary (poly)phenols promote well‐being by improving chronic disease‐risk biomarkers, such as endothelial dysfunction, chronic inflammation and plasma uric acid, is the subject of intense current research, involving human interventions studies, animal models and in vitro mechanistic work. The original claim that benefits were due to the direct antioxidant properties of (poly)phenols has been mostly superseded by detailed mechanistic studies on specific molecular targets. Nevertheless, many proposed mechanisms in vivo and in vitro are due to modulation of oxidative processes, often involving binding to specific proteins and effects on cell signalling. We review the molecular mechanisms for 3 actions of (poly)phenols on oxidative processes where there is evidence in vivo from human intervention or animal studies. (1) Effects of (poly) phenols on pathways of chronic inflammation leading to prevention of some of the damaging effects associated with the metabolic syndrome. (2) Interaction of (poly)phenols with endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, leading to effects on blood pressure and endothelial dysfunction, and consequent reduction in cardiovascular disease risk. (3) The inhibition of xanthine oxidoreductase leading to modulation of intracellular superoxide and plasma uric acid, a risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asimina Kerimi
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Gary Williamson
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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40
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Gupta A, Birhman K, Raheja I, Sharma SK, Kar HK. Quercetin: A wonder bioflavonoid with therapeutic potential in disease management. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(15)61024-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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41
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Dietary Flavonols Intake and Risk of Esophageal and Gastric Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Epidemiological Studies. Nutrients 2016; 8:91. [PMID: 26891324 PMCID: PMC4772054 DOI: 10.3390/nu8020091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) and gastric cancer (GC) are common cancers and leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Many studies have investigated the association between dietary flavonols intake and the risk of EC and GC, but the results are inconsistent. Hence, we conducted a systematic analysis of relevant population-based studies to assess the association and derive a more precise estimation. Methods: The Cochrane, PubMed and Embase databases were searched to identify articles published through January 2016 that met the predetermined inclusion criterion. Twelve studies involving 4593 patients and 519,378 controls were included. Results: The summary odds ratios (ORs) of EC, GC and the two combined were respectively 0.88 (95% CI: 0.73–1.08), 0.80 (95% CI: 0.70–0.91) and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.74–0.92) for the highest category of dietary flavonols intake compared with the lowest. No significant heterogeneities were observed in these studies. Further analysis showed that the pooled ORs of EC and GC for cohort, population-based case-control and hospital-based case-control studies were 0.90 (95% CI: 0.61–1.34), 0.92 (95% CI: 0.72–1.18), 0.68 (95% CI: 0.38–1.24) and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.65–1.06), 0.84 (95% CI: 0.45–1.59), 0.70 (95% CI: 0.56–0.88). The subgroup analyses revealed a significant association of flavonol intake with a reduced risk of noncardia gastric adenocarcinoma but not gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. Moreover, significant inverse associations of flavonol intake with GC risk were observed in women but not in men, in smokers but not in nonsmokers, in European populations but not in American populations. Similarly, a significant inverse association of flavonols intake with EC risk was also observed in smokers but not in nonsmokers. Conclusion: High intake of dietary flavonols is significantly related to a reduced risk of GC, especially in women and smokers.
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42
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Quercetin reduced inflammation and increased antioxidant defense in rat adjuvant arthritis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 583:150-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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43
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Lores M, Pájaro M, Álvarez-Casas M, Domínguez J, García-Jares C. Use of ethyl lactate to extract bioactive compounds from Cytisus scoparius : Comparison of pressurized liquid extraction and medium scale ambient temperature systems. Talanta 2015; 140:134-142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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44
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Lea MA. Flavonol Regulation in Tumor Cells. J Cell Biochem 2015; 116:1190-4. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Lea
- Department of Microbiology; Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School; Newark New Jersey 07103
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45
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YANG FEIYA, SONG LIMING, WANG HUIPING, WANG JUN, XU ZHIQING, XING NIANZENG. Quercetin in prostate cancer: Chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive effects, mechanisms and clinical application potential (Review). Oncol Rep 2015; 33:2659-68. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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46
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Nabavi SF, Russo GL, Daglia M, Nabavi SM. Role of quercetin as an alternative for obesity treatment: you are what you eat! Food Chem 2015; 179:305-10. [PMID: 25722169 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the most serious global health problems, which increases the risk of other different chronic diseases. The crucial role of oxidative stress in the initiation and progression of obesity leads to the hypothesis that antioxidants can be used as therapeutic agents for obesity treatment. Among antioxidants, much attention has been paid to polyphenols due to their negligible adverse effects. Among them, quercetin is one of the most common dietary antioxidants widely distributed in different plant materials, such as fruits, vegetables and cereals. Quercetin shows a wide range of biological and health-promoting effects, such as anticancer, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. Furthermore, quercetin has anti-obesity activity through mitogen-activated protein kinase and adenine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. In this study, we reviewed the available scientific reports concerning the beneficial role of quercetin against obesity with emphasis on its mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gian Luigi Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Italy.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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47
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Sak K, Everaus H. Multi-Target Cytotoxic Actions of Flavonoids in Blood Cancer Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:4843-4847. [PMID: 26163601 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.12.4843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
To date, cytotoxic effects of flavonoids in various cancer cells are well accepted. However, the intracellular signaling cascades triggered by these natural compounds remain largely unknown and elusive. In this mini- review, the multiplicity of molecular targets of flavonoids in blood cancer cells is discussed by demonstrating the involvement of various signaling pathways in induction of apoptotic responses. Although these data reveal a great potential of flavonoids for the development of novel agents against different types of hematological malignancies, the pleiotropic nature of these compounds in modulation of cellular processes and their interactions certainly need unraveling and further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Sak
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia E-mail :
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48
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Mierziak J, Kostyn K, Kulma A. Flavonoids as important molecules of plant interactions with the environment. Molecules 2014; 19:16240-65. [PMID: 25310150 PMCID: PMC6270724 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191016240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 505] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are small molecular secondary metabolites synthesized by plants with various biological activities. Due to their physical and biochemical properties, they are capable of participating in plants' interactions with other organisms (microorganisms, animals and other plants) and their reactions to environmental stresses. The majority of their functions result from their strong antioxidative properties. Although an increasing number of studies focus on the application of flavonoids in medicine or the food industry, their relevance for the plants themselves also deserves extensive investigations. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the functions of flavonoids in the physiology of plants and their relations with the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Mierziak
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Wroclaw University, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Kostyn
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Wroclaw University, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Kulma
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Wroclaw University, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland
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