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Zulkifli DP, Kim MH. High-yield Synthesis and Hybridizations of Cu Microplates for Catalytic Applications. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00450j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Because of their special geometrical features, which include a high specific surface area and high proportion of exposed surface atoms, two-dimensional (2D) metal nanostructures based on Au and Ag have...
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2
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Hong J, Kim BS, Hou B, Pak S, Kim T, Jang AR, Cho Y, Lee S, An GH, Jang JE, Morris SM, Sohn JI, Cha S. Room Temperature Wafer-Scale Synthesis of Highly Transparent, Conductive CuS Nanosheet Films via a Simple Sulfur Adsorption-Corrosion Method. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:4244-4252. [PMID: 33448802 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of highly conductive electrodes with robust mechanical durability and clear transmittance in the visible to IR spectral range is of great importance for future wearable/flexible electronic applications. In particular, low resistivity, robust flexibility, and wide spectral transparency have a significant impact on optoelectronic performance. Herein, we introduce a new class of covellite copper monosulfide (CuS) nanosheet films as a promising candidate for soft transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs). An atmospheric sulfur adsorption-corrosion phenomenon represents a key approach in our work for the achievement of wafer-scale CuS nanosheet films through systematic control of the neat Cu layer thickness ranging from 2 to 10 nm multilayers at room temperature. These nanosheet films provide outstanding conductivity (∼25 Ω sq-1) and high transparency (> 80%) in the visible to infrared region as well as distinct flexibility and long stability under air exposure, yielding a high figure-of-merit (∼60) that is comparable to that of conventional rigid metal oxide material-based TCEs. Our unique room temperature synthesis process delivers high quality CuS nanosheets on any arbitrary substrates in a short time (< 1 min) scale, thus guaranteeing the widespread use of highly producible and scalable device fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Hong
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Sung Kim
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
| | - Bo Hou
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - Sangyeon Pak
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehun Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Rang Jang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Semyung University, 65 Semyung-ro, Chungcheongbuk-do 27136, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuljae Cho
- University of Michigan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Minghang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Sanghyo Lee
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - Geon-Hyoung An
- Department of Energy Engineering, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNUST), Jinju 52725, South Korea
| | - Jae Eun Jang
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 49288, Republic of Korea
| | - Stephen M Morris
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jung Inn Sohn
- Division of Physics and Semiconductor Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - SeungNam Cha
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Khan A, Hayat F, Butler IS, Nawaz Tahir M, Rehman ZU. Mercury(II) dithiocarbamates: Structural aspects and their use as single-source precursors for shape-controlled facile synthesis of HgS nanoparticles. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Arshad M, Wang Z, Nasir JA, Amador E, Jin M, Li H, Chen Z, Rehman ZU, Chen W. Single source precursor synthesized CuS nanoparticles for NIR phototherapy of cancer and photodegradation of organic carcinogen. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2021; 214:112084. [PMID: 33248881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.112084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report cost effective and body compatible CuS nanoparticles (NPs) derived from a single source precursor as photothermal agent for healing deep cancer and photocatalytic remediation of organic carcinogens. These NPs efficiently kill MCF7 cells (both in vivo and in vitro) under NIR irradiation by raising the temperature of tumor cells. Such materials can be used for the treatment of deep cancer as they can produce a heating effect using high wavelength and deeply penetrating NIR radiation. Furthermore, CuS NPs under solar light irradiation efficiently convert p-nitrophenol (PNP), an environmental carcinogen, to p-aminophenol (PAP) of pharmaceutical implication. In a nutshell, CuS can be used for the treatment of deep cancer and for the remediation of carcinogenic pollutants. There seems an intrinsic connection between the two functions of CuS NPs that need to be explored in length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehwish Arshad
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zhaojie Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jamal Abdul Nasir
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Eric Amador
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Mingwu Jin
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Haibin Li
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Zhigang Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zia Ur Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
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5
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Begum K, Begum S, Sheikh C, Miyatake R, Zangrando E. Cis versus trans arrangement of di-thio-carbazate ligands in bis-chelated Ni and Cu complexes. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2020; 76:692-696. [PMID: 32431934 PMCID: PMC7199265 DOI: 10.1107/s205698902000506x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The structures are described of two bis-chelated metal complexes of nickel(II) and copper(II) with S-n-hexyl 3-(1-phenyl-ethyl-idene)di-thio-carbazate Schiff bases in a cis configuration, namely, bis-[S-n-hexyl 3-(1-phenyl-ethyl-idene)di-thio-carbazato-κ2 N 3,S]nickel(II), [Ni(C15H21N2S2)2], and bis-[S-n-hexyl 3-(1-phenyl-ethyl-idene)di-thio-carbazato-κ2 N 3,S]copper(II), [Cu(C15H21N2S2)2]. In both complexes, the metals have distorted square-planar geometries. A search in the Cambridge Structural Database [Groom et al. (2016 ▸). Acta Cryst. B72, 171-179] for bis-chelated nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes with similar Schiff bases retrieved 55 and 36 hits for the two metals, respectively. An analysis of the geometrical parameters of complexes showing cis and trans configurations is reported and the values compared with those for the complexes described in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurshida Begum
- Department of Physics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Sabina Begum
- Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Chanmiya Sheikh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, Gofuku, Toyama 3190, Japan
| | - Ryuta Miyatake
- Center for Environmental Conservation and Research Safety, University of Toyama, Gofuku, Toyama 3190, Japan
| | - Ennio Zangrando
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science, via Giorgieri 1/34127, Trieste, Italy
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6
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Alwera V, Singh S, Srivastava VC, Mandal TK. Manganese Trioxide with Various Morphologies: Applications in Catalytic Dye Degradation. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Alwera
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247667 Uttarakhand India
| | - Seema Singh
- Department of Chemical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247667 Uttarakhand India
| | - Vimal C. Srivastava
- Department of Chemical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247667 Uttarakhand India
- Centre of NanotechnologyIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247667 Uttarakhand India
| | - Tapas K. Mandal
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247667 Uttarakhand India
- Centre of NanotechnologyIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247667 Uttarakhand India
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Santra A, Brandao P, Mondal G, Bera P, Jana A, Bhattacharyya I, Pramanik C, Bera P. Monomeric and dimeric cadmium(II) complexes of S-alkyl/aryl dithiocarbazate as single-source precursors for cadmium sulfide nanoparticles: An experimental, theoretical interpretation in the stability of precursor and visible light dye degradation study. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Savitskii DP, Stanishevskii YM. Growing Cu2S Thin Films by Exposing a Copper Substrate to Gas-Phase Products of Brown Coal Hydrothermal Desulfurization. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024418010235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Synthesis, in vitro evaluation of antibacterial, antifungal and larvicidal activities of pyrazole/pyridine based compounds and their nanocrystalline MS (M = Cu and Cd) derivatives. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-2002-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Coughlan C, Ibáñez M, Dobrozhan O, Singh A, Cabot A, Ryan KM. Compound Copper Chalcogenide Nanocrystals. Chem Rev 2017; 117:5865-6109. [PMID: 28394585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This review captures the synthesis, assembly, properties, and applications of copper chalcogenide NCs, which have achieved significant research interest in the last decade due to their compositional and structural versatility. The outstanding functional properties of these materials stems from the relationship between their band structure and defect concentration, including charge carrier concentration and electronic conductivity character, which consequently affects their optoelectronic, optical, and plasmonic properties. This, combined with several metastable crystal phases and stoichiometries and the low energy of formation of defects, makes the reproducible synthesis of these materials, with tunable parameters, remarkable. Further to this, the review captures the progress of the hierarchical assembly of these NCs, which bridges the link between their discrete and collective properties. Their ubiquitous application set has cross-cut energy conversion (photovoltaics, photocatalysis, thermoelectrics), energy storage (lithium-ion batteries, hydrogen generation), emissive materials (plasmonics, LEDs, biolabelling), sensors (electrochemical, biochemical), biomedical devices (magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray computer tomography), and medical therapies (photochemothermal therapies, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, and drug delivery). The confluence of advances in the synthesis, assembly, and application of these NCs in the past decade has the potential to significantly impact society, both economically and environmentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Coughlan
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick , Limerick, Ireland
| | - Maria Ibáñez
- Catalonia Energy Research Institute - IREC, Sant Adria de Besos , Jardins de les Dones de Negre n.1, Pl. 2, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oleksandr Dobrozhan
- Catalonia Energy Research Institute - IREC, Sant Adria de Besos , Jardins de les Dones de Negre n.1, Pl. 2, 08930 Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Electronics and Computing, Sumy State University , 2 Rymskogo-Korsakova st., 40007 Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Ajay Singh
- Materials Physics & Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Andreu Cabot
- Catalonia Energy Research Institute - IREC, Sant Adria de Besos , Jardins de les Dones de Negre n.1, Pl. 2, 08930 Barcelona, Spain.,ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kevin M Ryan
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick , Limerick, Ireland
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11
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New pyrazole based single precursor for the surfactantless synthesis of visible light responsive PbS nanocrystals: Synthesis, X-ray crystallography of ligand and photocatalytic activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Synthesis, Optical and Structural Properties of Copper Sulfide Nanocrystals from Single Molecule Precursors. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7020032. [PMID: 28336865 PMCID: PMC5333017 DOI: 10.3390/nano7020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and structural studies of copper sulfide nanocrystals from copper (II) dithiocarbamate single molecule precursors. The precursors were thermolysed in hexadecylamine (HDA) to prepare HDA-capped CuS nanocrystals. The optical properties of the nanocrystals studied using UV–visible and photoluminescence spectroscopy showed absorption band edges at 287 nm that are blue shifted, and the photoluminescence spectra show emission curves that are red-shifted with respect to the absorption band edges. These shifts are as a result of the small crystallite sizes of the nanoparticles leading to quantum size effects. The structural studies were carried out using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and atomic force microscopy. The XRD patterns indicates that the CuS nanocrystals are in hexagonal covellite crystalline phases with estimated particles sizes of 17.3–18.6 nm. The TEM images showed particles with almost spherical or rod shapes, with average crystallite sizes of 3–9.8 nm. SEM images showed morphology with ball-like microspheres on the surfaces, and EDS spectra confirmed the presence of CuS nanoparticles.
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13
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Huang H, Li F, Wang H, Zheng X. The size controlled synthesis of Cu2S/P25 hetero junction solar-energy-materials and their applications in photocatalytic degradation of dyes. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07253h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Cu2S quantum size effects and coverage effects on absorption edge, Raman frequency and photo-induced catalytic performance were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqin Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Textiles Materials and Manufacture Technology
- Ministry of Education
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Textiles Materials and Manufacture Technology
- Ministry of Education
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
| | - Huigang Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Textiles Materials and Manufacture Technology
- Ministry of Education
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
| | - Xuming Zheng
- Department of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Textiles Materials and Manufacture Technology
- Ministry of Education
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
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14
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CdS nanocapsules and nanospheres as efficient solar light-driven photocatalysts for degradation of Congo red dye. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Kole GK, Wadawale AP, Nigam S, Majumder C, Jain VK. Intermolecular Aurophilic versus Intramolecular Au⋅⋅⋅N Secondary Interactions in Two-Coordinate Gold(I) Selenolate Complexes. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Kumar Kole
- Chemistry Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Mumbai 400085 India
| | - Amey P. Wadawale
- Chemistry Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Mumbai 400085 India
| | - Sandeep Nigam
- Chemistry Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Mumbai 400085 India
| | | | - Vimal K. Jain
- Chemistry Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Mumbai 400085 India
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16
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Catechol oxidase mimetic activity of copper(I) complexes of 3,5-dimethyl pyrazole derivatives: Coordination behavior, X-ray crystallography and electrochemical study. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Mondal G, Jana S, Santra A, Acharjya M, Bera P, Chattopadhyay D, Mondal A, Bera P. Single-source mediated facile electrosynthesis of p-Cu2S thin films on TCO (SnO2:F) with enhanced photocatalytic activities. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06102d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrosynthesis of Cu2S thin films on TCO using a single-source precursor, [Cu(mdpa)2][CuCl2]. Deposition of the thin films occurs with the optimization of precursor concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopinath Mondal
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry
- Panskura Banamali College
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore (E)
- India
| | - Sumanta Jana
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (IIEST)
- Shibpur
- India
| | - Ananyakumari Santra
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry
- Panskura Banamali College
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore (E)
- India
| | - Moumita Acharjya
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry
- Panskura Banamali College
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore (E)
- India
| | - Pradip Bera
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry
- Panskura Banamali College
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore (E)
- India
| | | | - Anup Mondal
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (IIEST)
- Shibpur
- India
| | - Pulakesh Bera
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry
- Panskura Banamali College
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore (E)
- India
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18
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Mondal G, Acharjya M, Santra A, Bera P, Jana S, Pramanik NC, Mondal A, Bera P. A new pyrazolyl dithioate function in the precursor for the shape controlled growth of CdS nanocrystals: optical and photocatalytic activities. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj02274f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Spherical and rod shaped CdS nanocrystals are obtained from pyrazolyl precursors wherein growth is governed by the RSH function of the precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopinath Mondal
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry
- Panskura Banamali College
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore (E)
- India
| | - Moumita Acharjya
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry
- Panskura Banamali College
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore (E)
- India
| | - Ananyakumari Santra
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry
- Panskura Banamali College
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore (E)
- India
| | - Pradip Bera
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry
- Panskura Banamali College
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore (E)
- India
| | - Sumanta Jana
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (IIEST)
- Shibpur
- India
| | - Nimai Chand Pramanik
- Aerogel Laboratory
- Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (C-MET)
- M G Kavu PO
- India
| | - Anup Mondal
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (IIEST)
- Shibpur
- India
| | - Pulakesh Bera
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry
- Panskura Banamali College
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore (E)
- India
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