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Nguyen DD, Lee S, Kim I. Recent Advances in Metaphotonic Biosensors. Biosensors (Basel) 2023; 13:631. [PMID: 37366996 DOI: 10.3390/bios13060631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Metaphotonic devices, which enable light manipulation at a subwavelength scale and enhance light-matter interactions, have been emerging as a critical pillar in biosensing. Researchers have been attracted to metaphotonic biosensors, as they solve the limitations of the existing bioanalytical techniques, including the sensitivity, selectivity, and detection limit. Here, we briefly introduce types of metasurfaces utilized in various metaphotonic biomolecular sensing domains such as refractometry, surface-enhanced fluorescence, vibrational spectroscopy, and chiral sensing. Further, we list the prevalent working mechanisms of those metaphotonic bio-detection schemes. Furthermore, we summarize the recent progress in chip integration for metaphotonic biosensing to enable innovative point-of-care devices in healthcare. Finally, we discuss the impediments in metaphotonic biosensing, such as its cost effectiveness and treatment for intricate biospecimens, and present a prospect for potential directions for materializing these device strategies, significantly influencing clinical diagnostics in health and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dang Du Nguyen
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seho Lee
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Inki Kim
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Iwanaga M. Robust Detection of Cancer Markers in Human Serums Using All-Dielectric Metasurface Biosensors. Biosensors (Basel) 2023; 13:377. [PMID: 36979589 PMCID: PMC10046138 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
One of the most significant characteristics, which biosensors are supposed to satisfy, is robustness against abundant molecules coexisting with target biomolecules. In clinical diagnoses and biosensing, blood, plasma, and serum are used daily as samples. In this study, we conducted a series of experiments to examine the robustness of all-dielectric metasurface biosensors, which comprise pairs of a highly fluorescence-enhancing silicon nanopellet array and a transparent microfluidic chip. The metasurface biosensors were shown to have high performance in detecting various targets from nucleic acids to proteins, such as antigens and antibodies. The present results show almost four-order wide dynamic ranges from 0.16 ng/mL to 1 μg/mL for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and from 2 pg/mL to 25 ng/mL for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The ranges include clinical criteria for PSA, 4 ng/mL and CEA, 5 ng/mL. To date, a systematic demonstration of robustness has not been reported regarding the metasurface biosensors. In detecting cancer markers of PSA and CEA in human serums, we demonstrate that the metasurface biosensors are robust enough in a wide target concentrations, including the clinical diagnosis criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Iwanaga
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
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Iwanaga M, Tangkawsakul W. Two-Way Detection of COVID-19 Spike Protein and Antibody Using All-Dielectric Metasurface Fluorescence Sensors. Biosensors (Basel) 2022; 12:981. [PMID: 36354490 PMCID: PMC9688339 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 (or SARS-CoV-2) has deeply affected human beings worldwide for over two years, and its flexible mutations indicate the unlikeliness of its termination in a short time. Therefore, it is important to develop a quantitative platform for direct COVID-19 detection and human status monitoring. Such a platform should be simpler than nucleic acid amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reaction, and more reliable than the disposable test kits that are based on immunochromatography. To fulfill these requirements, we conducted proof-of-concept experiments for the quantitative detection of spike glycoprotein peptides and antibodies in one platform, i.e., all-dielectric metasurface fluorescence (FL) sensors. The high capability to enhance FL intensity enabled us to quantitatively measure the glycoproteins and antibodies more efficiently compared with the previous methods reported to date. Furthermore, the intrinsic limit of detection in the metasurface FL sensors was examined via confocal microscopy and found to be less than 0.64 pg/mL for glycoprotein peptides. Moreover, the sensors had a dynamic range more than five orders that of the target concentrations, indicating extremely high sensitivity. These two-way functions of the metasurface FL sensors can be helpful in reducing daily loads in clinics and in providing quantitative test values for proper diagnosis and cures.
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Alhalaby H, Principe M, Zaraket H, Vaiano P, Aliberti A, Quero G, Crescitelli A, Di Meo V, Esposito E, Consales M, Cusano A. Design and Optimization of All-Dielectric Fluorescence Enhancing Metasurfaces: Towards Advanced Metasurface-Assisted Optrodes. Biosensors 2022; 12:264. [PMID: 35624565 PMCID: PMC9138857 DOI: 10.3390/bios12050264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The need for miniaturized biological sensors which can be easily integrated into medical needles and catheters for in vivo liquid biopsies with ever-increasing performances has stimulated the interest of researchers in lab-on-fiber (LOF) technology. LOF devices arise from the integration of functional materials at the nanoscale on the tip of optical fibers, thus endowing a simple optical fiber with advanced functionalities and enabling the realization of high-performance LOF biological sensors. Consequently, in 2017, we demonstrated the first optical fiber meta-tip (OFMT), consisting of the integration of plasmonic metasurfaces (MSs) on the optical fiber end-face which represented a major breakthrough along the LOF technology roadmap. Successively, we demonstrated that label-free biological sensors based on the plasmonic OFMT are able to largely overwhelm the performance of a standard plasmonic LOF sensor, in view of the extraordinary light manipulation capabilities of plasmonic array exploiting phase gradients. To further improve the overall sensitivity, a labelled sensing strategy is here suggested. To this end, we envision the possibility to realize a novel class of labelled LOF optrodes based on OFMT, where an all-dielectric MS, designed to enhance the fluorescence emission by a labelled target molecule, is integrated on the end-face of a multimode fiber (MMF). We present a numerical environment to compute the fluorescence enhancement factor collected by the MMF, when on its tip a Silicon MS is laid, consisting of an array of cylindrical nanoantennas, or of dimers or trimers of cylindrical nanoantennas. According to the numerical results, a suitable design of the dielectric MS allows for a fluorescence enhancement up to three orders of magnitudes. Moreover, a feasibility study is carried out to verify the possibility to fabricate the designed MSs on the termination of multimode optical fibers using electron beam lithography followed by reactive ion etching. Finally, we analyze a real application scenario in the field of biosensing and evaluate the degradation in the fluorescence enhancement performances, taking into account the experimental conditions. The present work, thus, provides the main guidelines for the design and development of advanced LOF devices based on the fluorescence enhancement for labelled biosensing applications.
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Iwanaga M. Highly sensitive wide-range target fluorescence biosensors of high-emittance metasurfaces. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 190:113423. [PMID: 34147946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate highly sensitive fluorescence (FL) biosensors made of plasmon-photon-hybrid high-emittance metasurfaces, which are hybrid structures composed of perforated silicon waveguides and stacked complementary (SC) gold nanostructures. The SC metasurfaces are applicable to a wide range of targets from antibodies to nucleic acids. As a test bed, a representative antibody of immunoglobulin G is immobilized on the metasurfaces through microfluidic paths and then is directly detected in a scaled manner even at a very low concentration of 5 pg mL-1, i.e., 34 fM. Moreover, a cancer marker of p53 antibody is indirectly detected on the SC metasurfaces at a low concentration of 50 pg mL-1, which is significantly lower than the medical diagnosis criterion of a few ng mL-1. Furthermore, single-strand DNAs that are oligonucleotides and complementary to SARS-CoV-2 RNA are detected with 1 h immobilization time in the range of fmol mL-1 in a scaled manner. These experimental results indicate that the present FL metasurface sensors function efficiently as biosensors for a wide range of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Iwanaga
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan.
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Iwanaga M. High-Sensitivity High-Throughput Detection of Nucleic Acid Targets on Metasurface Fluorescence Biosensors. Biosensors (Basel) 2021; 11:bios11020033. [PMID: 33513845 PMCID: PMC7911868 DOI: 10.3390/bios11020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide infection disease due to SARS-CoV-2 is tremendously affecting our daily lives. High-throughput detection methods for nucleic acids are emergently desired. Here, we show high-sensitivity and high-throughput metasurface fluorescence biosensors that are applicable for nucleic acid targets. The all-dielectric metasurface biosensors comprise silicon-on-insulator nanorod array and have prominent electromagnetic resonances enhancing fluorescence emission. For proof-of-concept experiment on the metasurface biosensors, we have conducted fluorescence detection of single-strand oligoDNAs, which model the partial sequences of SARS-CoV-2 RNA indicated by national infection institutes, and succeeded in the high-throughput detection at low concentrations on the order of 100 amol/mL without any amplification technique. As a direct detection method, the metasurface fluorescence biosensors exhibit high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Iwanaga
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
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7
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Abstract
Protein biomolecules are used as markers for various diseases and infections and are targets in biosensing research and development. One of the highest-sensitivity biosensing techniques is considered to be fluorescence (FL) sensing. However, to our knowledge, no study has shown that all-dielectric metasurfaces can contribute to highly sensitive FL sensing. Here, we introduce an efficient type of FL-sensing platforms and show that all-dielectric metasurface FL biosensors are able to directly detect a representative antibody, immunoglobulin G, at very small concentrations on the order of pg/mL or tens of femtomolars. Furthermore, it is shown that they work efficiently as an indirect detection platform for standard cancer marker antigens, such as carcinoembryonic antigens, at concentrations well below the medical diagnosis criterion at 5 ng/mL. Importantly, the metasurface biosensors simultaneously suppress inhomogeneous FL responses, exhibit high reproducibility, and retain sensitivity, even in human serum. These results indicate that the present metasurface FL biosensors provide a high-sensitivity practical platform, suggesting that they are a better option than the commercially standard of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Iwanaga
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
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Iwanaga M. Non-Empirical Large-Scale Search for Optical Metasurfaces. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10091739. [PMID: 32887266 PMCID: PMC7559444 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Metasurfaces are artificially designed, on-top, thin structures on bulk substrates, realizing various functions in recent years. Most metasurfaces have been conceived of for attaining optical functions, based on elaborate human knowledge-based designs for complex structures. Here, we introduce a method for a non-empirical, large-scale structural search to find optical metasurfaces, which enable us to access intended functions without depending on human knowledge and experience. This method is different from the optimization and modification reported so far. To illustrate the outputs in the non-empirical search, we show unpredictable, optically high-performance, all-dielectric metasurfaces found in the machine search. As an extension of the finding of a higher order diffractive structure, we furthermore show a light-focusing metadevice, which is diffraction-limited and has the unique feature that the focal length is almost invariant even when the distance from the incident spot to the metadevice largely varies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Iwanaga
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
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Tavakkoli Yaraki M, Hu F, Daqiqeh Rezaei S, Liu B, Tan YN. Metal-enhancement study of dual functional photosensitizers with aggregation-induced emission and singlet oxygen generation. Nanoscale Adv 2020; 2:2859-2869. [PMID: 36132415 PMCID: PMC9419615 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00182a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Photosensitizers with aggregation-induced emission (AIE-PS) are attractive for image-guided photodynamic therapy due to their dual functional role in generating singlet oxygen and producing high fluorescent signal in the aggregated state. However, their brightness and treatment efficiency maybe limited in current practice. Herein we report the first systematic investigation on the metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) and singlet oxygen generation (ME-SOG) ability of our newly synthesized AIE-photosensitizers. The Ag@AIE-PS of varied sizes were prepared via layer-by-layer assembly with controlled distance between silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and AIE-PS. A maximum of 6-fold enhancement in fluorescence and 2-fold increment in SOG were observed for the 85nmAg@AIE-PS. Comprehensive characterization and simulation were conducted to unravel the plasmon-enhancement mechanisms of Ag@AIE-PS. Results show that MEF of AIE-PS is determined by the enhanced electric field around AgNPs, while ME-SOG is dictated by the scattering efficiency of the metal core, where bigger AgNPs would result in larger enhancement factor. Furthermore, the optimum distance between AgNPs and AIE-PS to achieve maximum SOG enhancement is shorter than that required for the highest MEF. The correlation of MEF and ME-SOG found in this study is useful for designing new a generation of AIE-photosensitizers with high brightness and treatment efficiency towards practical theranostic application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tavakkoli Yaraki
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR) 138634 Singapore
- Department Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Fang Hu
- Department Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Soroosh Daqiqeh Rezaei
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR) 138634 Singapore
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore 9 Engineering Drive 1 117575 Singapore
| | - Bin Liu
- Department Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Yen Nee Tan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR) 138634 Singapore
- Faculty of Science, Agriculture & Engineering, Newcastle University Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK
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Belling JN, Cheung KM, Jackman JA, Sut TN, Allen M, Park JH, Jonas SJ, Cho NJ, Weiss PS. Lipid Bicelle Micropatterning Using Chemical Lift-Off Lithography. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:13447-13455. [PMID: 32092250 PMCID: PMC7092747 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Supported lipid membranes are versatile biomimetic coatings for the chemical functionalization of inorganic surfaces. Developing simple and effective fabrication strategies to form supported lipid membranes with micropatterned geometries is a long-standing challenge. Herein, we demonstrate how the combination of chemical lift-off lithography (CLL) and easily prepared lipid bicelle nanostructures can yield micropatterned, supported lipid membranes on gold surfaces with high pattern resolution, conformal character, and biofunctionality. Using CLL, we functionalized gold surfaces with patterned arrays of hydrophilic and hydrophobic self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Time-lapse fluorescence microscopy imaging revealed that lipid bicelles adsorbed preferentially onto the hydrophilic SAM regions, while there was negligible lipid adsorption onto the hydrophobic SAM regions. Functional receptors could be embedded within the lipid bicelles, which facilitated selective detection of receptor-ligand binding interactions in a model streptavidin-biotin system. Quartz crystal microbalance-dissipation measurements further identified that lipid bicelles adsorb irreversibly and remain intact on top of the hydrophilic SAM regions. Taken together, our findings indicate that lipid bicelles are useful lipid nanostructures for reproducibly assembling micropatterned, supported lipid membranes with precise pattern fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason N. Belling
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kevin M. Cheung
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Joshua A. Jackman
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU-UCLA-NTU Precision Biology Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Tun Naw Sut
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Matthew Allen
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jae Hyeon Park
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Steven J. Jonas
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- SKKU-UCLA-NTU Precision Biology Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Paul S. Weiss
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- SKKU-UCLA-NTU Precision Biology Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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YUCA ESRA, TAMERLER CANDAN. Self Assembled Recombinant Proteins on Metallic Nanoparticles As Bimodal Imaging Probes. JOM (1989) 2019; 71:1281-1290. [PMID: 34149269 PMCID: PMC8211090 DOI: 10.1007/s11837-018-03325-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Combining multiple modalities is at the center of developing new methods for sensing and imaging that are required for comprehensive understanding of events at the molecular level. Various imaging modalities have been developed using metallic nanoparticles owning to their exceptional physical and chemical properties. Due to their localized surface plasmon resonance characteristics, gold and silver nanoparticles exhibit unique optoelectronic properties commonly used in biomedical sciences and engineering. Self assembled monolayers or physical adsorption have previously been adapted to functionalize the surfaces of nanoparticles with biomolecules for targeted imaging. However, depending on differences among the functional groups used on the nanoparticle surface, wide variation in the displayed biomolecular property to recognize its target may result. In the last decade, the properties of inorganic binding peptides have been proven advantageous to assemble selective functional nano-entities or proteins onto nanoparticles surfaces. Herein we explored formation of self-assembled hybrid metallic nano-architectures that are composed of gold and silver nanoparticles with fluorescent proteins, for use as bimodal imaging probes. We employed metal binding peptide-based assembly to self assemble green fluorescence protein onto metallic substrates of various geometries. Assembly of the green fluorescent proteins, genetically engineered to incorporate gold- or silver-binding peptides onto metallic nanoparticles, resulted in the generation of hybrid-, biomodal-imaging probes in a single step. Green fluorescent activity on gold and silver surfaces can be been monitored using both plasmonic and fluorescent signatures. Our results demonstrate a novel bimodal imaging system that can be finely tuned with respect to nanoparticle size and protein concentration. Resulting hybrid probes may mitigate the limitation of depth penetration into biological tissues as well as providing high signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- ESRA YUCA
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence-KS, 66045, USA
- Molecular Biology and Genetics, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul 34210, Turkey
| | - CANDAN TAMERLER
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence-KS, 66045, USA
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence-KS, 66045, USA
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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Abstract
Background The sensitivity of ELISA for biomarker detection can be significantly increased by integrating fluorescence with plasmonics. In surface-plasmon-coupled emission, the fluorophore emission is generally enhanced through the so-called physical mechanism due to an increase in the local electric field. Despite its fairly high enhancement factors, the use of surface-plasmon-coupled emission for high-throughput and point-of-care applications is still hampered due to the need for expensive focusing optics and spectrometers. Methods Here, we describe a new chemiplasmonic-sensing paradigm for enhanced emission through the molecular interactions between aromatic dyes and C60 films on Ag substrates. Results A 20-fold enhancement in the emission from rhodamine B-labeled biomolecules can be readily elicited without quenching its red color emission. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate two model bioassays using: 1) the RhB–streptavidin and biotin complexes in which the dye was excited using an inexpensive laser pointer and the ensuing enhanced emission was recorded by a smartphone camera without the need for focusing optics and 2) high-throughput 96-well plate assay for a model antigen (rabbit immunoglobulin) that showed detection sensitivity as low as 6.6 pM. Conclusion Our results show clear evidence that chemiplasmonic sensors can be extended to detect biomarkers in a point-of-care setting through a smartphone in simple normal incidence geometry without the need for focusing optics. Furthermore, chemiplasmonic sensors also facilitate high-throughput screening of biomarkers in the conventional 96-well plate format with 10–20 times higher sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jingyi Zhu
- Laboratory of Nano-biophysics, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA,
| | - Wren Gregory
- Laboratory of Nano-biophysics, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA,
| | - Fengjiao Case
- Laboratory of Nano-biophysics, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA,
| | - Pradyumna Mulpur
- Clemson Nanomaterials Institute, Clemson University, Anderson, SC 29625, USA
| | - Shahzad Khan
- ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Gwalior, MP, India
| | - Anurag Srivastava
- ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Gwalior, MP, India
| | - Ramakrishna Podila
- Laboratory of Nano-biophysics, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA,
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Abstract
All-dielectric metasurfaces are an emerging subfield in photonics. Light-wave manipulation has been extensively explored in these metasurfaces. Although light–matter interaction has also been investigated in these metasurfaces, only a limited number of studies have been reported to date. Here, we employ Si-rod-array metasurfaces to examine their fluorescence-enhancing capability. They were designed to have prominent resonances at the working wavelengths of fluorescent molecules. As a result, we experimentally observed significant fluorescence intensity enhancement, exceeding 1000-fold for a reference substrate that was a non-enhancing, flat Si wafer. Thus, we conclude that the all-dielectric metasurfaces can potentially serve as highly fluorescence-enhancing platforms. Their performance is comparable to the best performance reported for metallic metasurfaces. These results strongly suggest that all-dielectric metasurfaces can contribute to fluorescence-sensing of diverse molecules, including biomolecules.
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Kurosawa H, Choi B, Iwanaga M. Enhanced High Performance of a Metasurface Polarizer Through Numerical Analysis of the Degradation Characteristics. Nanoscale Res Lett 2018; 13:225. [PMID: 30066032 PMCID: PMC6068053 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2627-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the experimental and numerical investigations for the degradation characteristics of a metasurface polarizer. The metasurface has a stacked complementary structure that exhibits a high extinction ratio of the order of 10,000 in the near-infrared region. However, its performance has significantly degraded over time. To clarify the origin of this degradation, the effects of surface roughness and metallic loss are investigated numerically. The degradation is mainly attributed to increase in the loss. These numerical calculations also reveal that the extinction ratio is enhanced by adjusting the thicknesses of the complementary structures to different values. This study paves a way to realize a metasurface polarizer that has a low sensitivity to the time degradation and has a high extinction ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kurosawa
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044 Japan
- National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), 588-2 Iwaoka, Kobe, 651-2492 Japan
| | - Bongseok Choi
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044 Japan
- Present address: Materials and Devices Advanced Research Institute, LG Electronics, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Masanobu Iwanaga
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044 Japan
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15
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Abstract
Spatially programmable molecular-level defects via straightforward chemical lift-off manipulation leads to the direct regulation of complex surface DNA densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-You Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Pai-Shan Chen
- Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10002
- Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ssu Liao
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
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Kurosawa H, Choi B, Sugimoto Y, Iwanaga M. High-performance metasurface polarizers with extinction ratios exceeding 12000. Opt Express 2017; 25:4446-4455. [PMID: 28241647 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.004446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
High-performance ultrathin polarizers have been experimentally demonstrated employing stacked complementary (SC) metasurfaces, which were produced using nanoimprint lithography. It is experimentally determined that the metasurface polarizers composed of Ag and Au have large extinction ratios exceeding 17000 and 12000, respectively, in spite of the subwavelength thickness. It is also shown that the ultrathin polarizers of the SC structures are optimized at telecommunication wavelengths.
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Kurosawa H, Iwanaga M. Optical-signal-enhancing metasurface platforms for fluorescent molecules at water-transparent near-infrared wavelengths. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra05664h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We report efficient sensing platforms to obtain artificially enhanced optical signals from near-infrared fluorescent molecules with emitting wavelengths in 1.1 μm range. Prominent enhancement was experimentally achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kurosawa
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
- Tsukuba 305-0044
- Japan
| | - Masanobu Iwanaga
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
- Tsukuba 305-0044
- Japan
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Choi B, Iwanaga M, Sugimoto Y, Sakoda K, Miyazaki HT. Selective Plasmonic Enhancement of Electric- and Magnetic-Dipole Radiations of Er Ions. Nano Lett 2016; 16:5191-6. [PMID: 27436631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanoid series are unique in atomic elements. One reason is because they have 4f electronic states forbidding electric-dipole (ED) transitions in vacuum and another reason is because they are very useful in current-day optical technologies such as lasers and fiber-based telecommunications. Trivalent Er ions are well-known as a key atomic element supporting 1.5 μm band optical technologies and also as complex photoluminescence (PL) band deeply mixing ED and magnetic-dipole (MD) transitions. Here we show large and selective enhancement of ED and MD radiations up to 83- and 26-fold for a reference bulk state, respectively, in experiments employing plasmonic nanocavity arrays. We achieved the marked PL enhancement by use of an optimal design for electromagnetic (EM) local density of states (LDOS) and by Er-ion doping in deep subwavelength precision. We moreover clarify the quantitative contribution of ED and MD radiations to the PL band, and the magnetic Purcell effect in the PL-decay temporal measurement. This study experimentally demonstrates a new scheme of EM-LDOS engineering in plasmon-enhanced photonics, which will be a key technique to develop loss-compensated and active plasmonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongseok Choi
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Masanobu Iwanaga
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Sugimoto
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Sakoda
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Tsukuba University , 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Hideki T Miyazaki
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushilkumar A. Jadhav
- Department of Chemistry; University of Torino; Via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Piedmont Italy
- NIS Research Centre; University of Torino; Via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Piedmont Italy
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Iwanaga M, Choi B, Miyazaki HT, Sugimoto Y. The artificial control of enhanced optical processes in fluorescent molecules on high-emittance metasurfaces. Nanoscale 2016; 8:11099-11107. [PMID: 27227964 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr01318j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasmon-enhanced optical processes in molecules have been extensively but individually explored for Raman scattering, fluorescence, and infrared light absorption. In contrast to recent progress in the interfacial control of hot electrons in plasmon-semiconductor hybrid systems, plasmon-molecule hybrid systems have remained to be a conventional scheme, mainly assuming electric-field enhancement. This was because it was difficult to control the plasmon-molecule interface in a well-controlled manner. We here experimentally substantiate an obvious change in artificially enhanced optical processes of fluorescence/Raman scattering in fluorescent molecules on high-emittance plasmo-photonic metasurfaces with/without a self-assembled monolayer of sub-nm thickness. These results indicate that the enhanced optical processes were successfully selected under artificial configurations without any additional chemical treatment that modifies the molecules themselves. Although Raman-scattering efficiency is generally weak in high-fluorescence-yield molecules, it was found that Raman scattering becomes prominent around the molecular fingerprint range on the metasurfaces, being enhanced by more than 2000 fold at the maximum for reference signals. In addition, the highly and uniformly enhancing metasurfaces are able to serve as two-way functional, reproducible, and wavelength-tunable platforms to detect molecules at very low densities, being distinct from other platforms reported so far. The change in the enhanced signals suggests that energy diagrams in fluorescent molecules are changed in the configuration that includes the metal-molecule interface, meaning that plasmon-molecule hybrid systems are rich in the phenomena beyond the conventional scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Iwanaga
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan.
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